WO2023284587A1 - 用于电动机转子的低压铸铝模具及低压铸铝工艺 - Google Patents

用于电动机转子的低压铸铝模具及低压铸铝工艺 Download PDF

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WO2023284587A1
WO2023284587A1 PCT/CN2022/103843 CN2022103843W WO2023284587A1 WO 2023284587 A1 WO2023284587 A1 WO 2023284587A1 CN 2022103843 W CN2022103843 W CN 2022103843W WO 2023284587 A1 WO2023284587 A1 WO 2023284587A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pressure
low
mold
rotor
rotor core
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PCT/CN2022/103843
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张文和
武泽永
翟希娟
孔祥勇
张洪荣
崔超
阎俊维
胡标
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山西电机制造有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN202110802448.5A external-priority patent/CN113319265A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202121610699.5U external-priority patent/CN215279820U/zh
Application filed by 山西电机制造有限公司 filed Critical 山西电机制造有限公司
Priority to EP22841224.3A priority Critical patent/EP4209290A4/en
Publication of WO2023284587A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023284587A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
    • B22D18/04—Low pressure casting, i.e. making use of pressures up to a few bars to fill the mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/0054—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product rotors, stators for electrical motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D33/00—Equipment for handling moulds
    • B22D33/04—Bringing together or separating moulds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D28/00—Shaping by press-cutting; Perforating
    • B21D28/02—Punching blanks or articles with or without obtaining scrap; Notching
    • B21D28/22—Notching the peripheries of circular blanks, e.g. laminations for dynamo-electric machines

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of low-pressure casting aluminum, and in particular relates to a low-pressure casting aluminum mold for a motor rotor and a low-pressure casting aluminum process for a motor rotor.
  • Low-pressure aluminum casting is a casting method that enables liquid aluminum to fill the mold cavity and solidify under low pressure to obtain high-quality castings. It has high production efficiency and is therefore widely used.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, provide a low-pressure aluminum casting mold for motor rotors and a low-pressure aluminum casting process for electric motor rotors, and solve the hidden danger of aluminum leakage in traditional low-pressure aluminum casting processes and molds , Affect the ventilation and heat dissipation of the motor, and reduce the success rate of aluminum casting of the motor rotor and other technical problems.
  • a low-pressure cast aluminum mold for a motor rotor including an upper airfoil assembly, a lower airfoil assembly, a rotor core, a dummy shaft and a flow divider, the upper airfoil assembly It includes an upper backing plate and an upper mold, the lower airfoil assembly includes a lower backing plate and a lower mold, and the dummy shaft includes a vertically arranged shaft body, a dummy shaft upper cover arranged on the upper part of the shaft body and a The lower cover of the dummy shaft at the lower part of the shaft body, the flow divider is arranged between the dummy shaft and the lower mold, wherein:
  • the low-pressure aluminum casting mold also includes a first pressing device and four sets of second pressing devices, the first pressing device is arranged on the top of the dummy shaft, and compresses the middle part of the rotor core, The four sets of second pressing devices are arranged at the four corners of the low-pressure aluminum casting mold;
  • the middle parts of the four corners of the lower backing plate are respectively provided with horizontal draw-in grooves, and the lower backing plate above the draw-in slots is provided with a U-shaped hole, the opening of the U-shaped hole faces the outside, and the A compression through hole is provided at the position corresponding to the U-shaped hole on the upper backing plate;
  • the second pressing device includes a pull rod, a clamping plate, and a clamping nut, the clamping plate is arranged in the clamping groove, the pull rod is vertically arranged and its bottom end passes through the U-shaped hole and the clamping nut.
  • the upper surface of the pull rod is connected to the upper surface of the pull rod.
  • External threads are provided on the outer wall of the upper section of the pull rod.
  • the top end of the pull rod passes through the corresponding compression through hole, and the compression nut is threadedly connected to the external thread on the pull rod.
  • the horizontal cross-sectional area of the clamping groove is larger than the horizontal cross-sectional area of the U-shaped hole.
  • the first pressing device includes a gland and eyebolts; the gland is a cylindrical barrel with an open bottom, and the gland is coaxially covered on the top end of the false shaft, and the gland is The bottom edge is pressed on the top surface of the rotor core;
  • the middle part of the upper cover of the dummy shaft is provided with a first threaded hole
  • the top surface of the gland is provided with a second threaded hole opposite to the first threaded hole
  • the lower end of the eyebolt passes through the second threaded hole Cooperate with the first threaded hole
  • the middle part of the shaft body is provided with a first through hole in the vertical direction, and the bottom end of the first through hole is coaxially provided with an annular locking groove, and the inner diameter of the annular locking groove is larger than the inner diameter of the first through hole;
  • the lower cover of the false shaft includes a circular cover plate and a cover body arranged on the top surface of the circular cover plate, the cover body is a vertically arranged cylindrical structure, and the upper part of the cover body extends into the first In the through hole and the bottom surface of the shaft body is set on the top surface of the circular cover plate, the outer wall of the lower part of the cover body is provided with an annular clamping platform that matches the annular clamping groove, and the outer surface of the circular cover plate
  • the diameter size is larger than the outer diameter size of the shaft body, and the middle part of the lower cover of the false shaft is provided with a second through hole in the vertical direction;
  • the flow divider is a cylindrical structure, and the middle part of the top surface of the flow divider is provided with a cover plate placement groove matched with the circular cover plate, and a cylindrical protrusion is coaxially arranged at the center of the cover plate placement groove, so that The cylindrical protrusion protrudes into the second through hole, the circular cover plate is arranged in the cover plate placement groove, and a downwardly raised circular arc protrusion is provided at the center of the bottom surface of the diverter.
  • clearance fit is used between the cylindrical protrusion and the second through hole, and between the cover plate placement groove and the circular cover plate .
  • the outer edge of the bottom surface of the circular cover plate, the outer edge of the bottom surface of the diverter, the edge of the bottom surface of the cover plate placement groove, and the bottom surface of the second through hole are provided with chamfers.
  • a low-pressure aluminum casting process for a motor rotor comprising the following steps:
  • Heating the rotor core Send the laminated rotor core fastened to the dummy shaft by the first pressing device in step 1) to the heating furnace for heating. After heating for 1 hour, keep warm for 1 hour, then heat the rotor core at a heating rate of 70-90°C for 1 hour, keep warm for 1 hour, and finally heat the rotor core at a heating rate of 80-100°C for 1 hour, then keep warm 5 hours;
  • step 4) The whole mold fastened in step 4) is quickly lifted to the low-pressure aluminum casting machine for aluminum casting operation, and the low-pressure aluminum casting of the motor rotor is completed.
  • the second specified length of the rotor core in the hot laminated state the first specified length of the cold laminated rotor core ⁇ 1.013.
  • the pressure parameters of the low-pressure casting aluminum are controlled as follows:
  • Liquid raising stage under the initial pressure of 2KPa, pressurize the aluminum liquid at a boosting speed of 4.6-5.0KPa/s for 10s, so that the pressure reaches 48-52KPa;
  • Mold filling stage Pressurize for 4 seconds at a boosting speed of 7.3-7.7KPa/s, so that the pressure reaches 77.2-82.8KPa;
  • Pressure holding stage hold pressure for 405s under the pressure of 77.2 ⁇ 82.8KPa;
  • the beneficial effects of the low-pressure cast aluminum mold for the motor rotor of the present invention include: through the compression of the first pressing device and the second pressing device, the tightness of the stacking of the rotor core is ensured, and the rotor cast aluminum is completely eliminated.
  • the hidden danger of aluminum leakage in the process improves the success rate of aluminum casting of the motor rotor, ensures the quality of the cast aluminum rotor, and has the advantages of simple process and low cost;
  • the fastening realizes the compression of the upper and lower molds and the rotor core.
  • the structure is simple, no need to add complicated compression equipment for compression, and it is easy to operate and adjust, and also improves the operation efficiency; the center of the bottom surface of the diverter is set The downward raised circular arc makes the distribution of molten aluminum more uniform and improves the quality of pouring.
  • the beneficial effects of the low-pressure aluminum casting process for motor rotors of the present invention include: through the process of two laminations of cold state lamination and hot state lamination, cooperate with the inside and outside of the first pressing device and the second pressing device.
  • the double compression ensures the tightness of the rotor core lamination, completely eliminates the hidden danger of aluminum leakage during the rotor aluminum casting process, improves the success rate of the motor rotor aluminum casting, ensures the quality of the cast aluminum rotor, and has a process
  • the advantages of simplicity and low cost through the pull rod of the second pressing device, the upper backing plate and the lower backing plate can be fastened to each other, realizing the pressing of the upper and lower molds and the rotor core, the structure is simple, and no need to add complicated pressing Compression equipment is used for compression, and it is easy to operate and adjust, and also improves the operation efficiency.
  • Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the low-pressure cast aluminum mold that is used for motor rotor of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the dummy shaft body in the low-pressure cast aluminum mold for the motor rotor of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is the structural representation of dummy shaft lower cover and shunt in the low-pressure cast aluminum mold that is used for motor rotor of the present invention
  • Fig. 4 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the lower backing plate in the low-pressure cast aluminum mold for the motor rotor according to the present invention.
  • the low-pressure cast aluminum mold for the motor rotor of the present invention includes an upper blade assembly, a lower blade assembly, a rotor core 1, a dummy shaft 2 and a flow divider 7, the upper
  • the airfoil assembly includes an upper backing plate 3 and an upper mold 4
  • the lower airfoil assembly includes a lower backing plate 5 and a lower mold 6
  • the false shaft 2 includes a vertically arranged shaft body 2-1, which is arranged on the shaft
  • the dummy shaft upper cover 2-2 on the upper part of the body 2-1 and the dummy shaft lower cover 2-3 on the lower part of the shaft body 2-1
  • the flow divider 7 is arranged between the dummy shaft 2 and the lower mold 6,
  • the low-pressure cast aluminum mold also includes a first compression device 8 and four sets of second compression devices 9, the first compression device 8 is arranged on the top of the dummy shaft 2 to press the middle part of the rotor core 1 Pressing, the four sets of second pressing devices 9 are arranged at the four corners of the
  • the middle of the four corners of the lower backing plate 5 is respectively provided with a horizontal draw-in slot 5-1, and the lower backing plate 5 above the draw-in slot 5-1 is provided with a U-shaped hole 5-2.
  • the opening of the U-shaped hole 5-2 faces outward, and the position of the upper backing plate 3 corresponding to the U-shaped hole 5-2 is provided with a pressing through hole 3-1.
  • the second pressing device 9 includes a pull rod 9-1, a clamping plate 9-2, and a clamping nut 9-3.
  • the clamping plate 9-2 is arranged in the clamping groove 5-1, and the pull rod 9- 1 is vertically arranged and its bottom end passes through the U-shaped hole 5-2 to connect with the top surface of the clamping plate 9-2, and the outer wall of the upper part of the pull rod 9-1 is provided with external threads, and the top end of the pull rod 9-1 passes through the corresponding The compression through hole 3-1, the compression nut 9-3 is threadedly connected to the external thread on the pull rod 9-1.
  • the area of the horizontal cross-section of the clamping groove 5-1 is larger than the horizontal cross-sectional area of the U-shaped hole 5-2, thereby limiting the clamping plate 9-2 and preventing the clamping plate from being clamped during the fastening process. 9-2 off.
  • the first pressing device 8 includes a gland 8-1 and an eyebolt 8-2; the gland 8-1 is a cylindrical cylinder with an open bottom, and the gland 8-1 is coaxially The cover is arranged on the top of the dummy shaft 2 , and the bottom edge of the gland 8 - 1 is pressed on the top surface of the rotor core 1 .
  • a first threaded hole 2-2-1 is provided in the middle of the upper cover 2-2 of the dummy shaft, and a second The threaded hole 8-1-1, the lower end of the eyebolt 8-2 passes through the second threaded hole 8-1-1 and is mated with the first threaded hole 2-2-1.
  • the first pressing device 8 tightens the eyebolt 8-2 so that the gland 8-1 presses the rotor core 1.
  • a first through hole 2-1-1 is provided in the vertical direction in the middle of the shaft body 2-1, and the bottom end of the first through hole 2-1-1 is coaxially provided with an annular slot 2-1-2 , the inner diameter of the annular slot 2-1-2 is larger than the inner diameter of the first through hole 2-1-1;
  • the false shaft lower cover 2-3 includes a circular cover plate 2-3-1 and a The cover body 2-3-2 on the top surface of the circular cover plate 2-3-1, the cover body 2-3-2 is a vertically arranged cylindrical structure, and the upper part of the cover body 2-3-2 extends into In the first through hole 2-1-1 and the bottom surface of the shaft body 2-1 is set on the top surface of the circular cover plate 2-3-1, and the outer wall of the lower part of the cover body 2-3-2 is provided with a The annular card platform 2-3-3 matched with the annular card groove 2-1-2, the outer diameter of the circular cover plate 2-3-1 is larger than the outer diameter of the shaft body 2-1,
  • the middle part of the false shaft lower cover 2-3 is provided with a second through hole 2-3-4 in
  • two sets of lifting rings 3-2 are arranged on the top surface of the upper backing plate 3 .
  • the setting of suspension ring 3-2 is convenient for hoisting and transportation.
  • the outer edge of the bottom surface of the circular cover plate 2-3-1, the outer edge of the bottom surface of the diverter 7, the bottom surface edge of the cover plate placement groove 7-1 and the bottom surface of the second through hole 2-3-4 The edges are provided with chamfers.
  • the second pressing device 9 is simple in structure, easy to operate, and low in cost. Fastening of core 1.
  • the setting of the clamping groove 5-1 and the U-shaped hole 5-2 saves space, and the compression can be realized without adding external compression equipment.
  • the cost is low, and the lower mold 6 will not be affected.
  • the arrangement of the arc protrusions 7-3 makes the distribution of the aluminum liquid more uniform and improves the pouring quality.
  • the low-pressure aluminum casting process for the motor rotor of the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • Heating the rotor core Send the laminated rotor core 1 fastened to the dummy shaft 2 by the first pressing device 8 in step 1) to the heating furnace for heating. First, heat the rotor core 1 at 70-90 After heating for 1 hour at a heating rate of °C, keep it warm for 1 hour, then heat the rotor core 1 at a heating rate of 70-90 °C for 1 hour, keep it warm for 1 hour, and finally heat the rotor core 1 at a heating rate of 80-100 °C After heating for 1 hour, keep warm for 5 hours;
  • step 4) The whole mold fastened in step 4) is quickly lifted to the low-pressure aluminum casting machine for aluminum casting operation, and the low-pressure aluminum casting of the motor rotor is completed.
  • the pressure parameters of the low-pressure cast aluminum are controlled as follows:
  • Liquid raising stage under the initial pressure of 2KPa, pressurize the aluminum liquid at a boosting speed of 4.6-5.0KPa/s for 10s, so that the pressure reaches 48-52KPa;
  • Mold filling stage Pressurize for 4 seconds at a boosting speed of 7.3-7.7KPa/s, so that the pressure reaches 77.2-82.8KPa;
  • Pressure holding stage hold pressure for 405s under the pressure of 77.2 ⁇ 82.8KPa;
  • the low pressure aluminum casting process for the motor rotor of embodiment 1 comprises the following steps:
  • Heating the rotor core Send the laminated rotor core 1 fastened to the dummy shaft 2 by the first pressing device 8 in step 1) to the heating furnace for heating. First, heat the rotor core 1 at 70°C After heating at a heating rate of 1 hour, keep it warm for 1 hour, then heat the rotor core 1 at a heating rate of 70°C for 1 hour, then keep it warm for 1 hour, and finally heat the rotor core 1 at a heating rate of 80°C for 1 hour, then keep it warm. 5 hours;
  • step 4) The whole mold fastened in step 4) is quickly lifted to the low-pressure aluminum casting machine for aluminum casting operation, and the low-pressure aluminum casting of the motor rotor is completed.
  • the low pressure aluminum casting process for the motor rotor of embodiment 2 comprises the following steps:
  • Heating the rotor core Send the laminated rotor core 1 fastened to the dummy shaft 2 by the first pressing device 8 in step 1) to the heating furnace for heating. First, heat the rotor core 1 at 80°C After heating at a heating rate of 1 hour, keep it warm for 1 hour, then heat the rotor core 1 at a heating rate of 80°C for 1 hour, keep it warm for 1 hour, and finally heat the rotor core 1 at a heating rate of 90°C for 1 hour, then keep it warm. 5 hours;
  • step 4) The whole mold fastened in step 4) is quickly lifted to the low-pressure aluminum casting machine for aluminum casting operation, and the low-pressure aluminum casting of the motor rotor is completed.
  • the low pressure aluminum casting process for the motor rotor of embodiment 3 comprises the following steps:
  • Heating the rotor core Send the laminated rotor core 1 fastened to the dummy shaft 2 by the first pressing device 8 in step 1) to the heating furnace for heating. First, heat the rotor core 1 at 90°C After heating at a heating rate of 1 hour, keep it warm for 1 hour, then heat the rotor core 1 at a heating rate of 90°C for 1 hour, keep it warm for 1 hour, and finally heat the rotor core 1 at a heating rate of 100°C for 1 hour, then keep it warm 5 hours;
  • step 4) The whole mold fastened in step 4) is quickly lifted to the low-pressure aluminum casting machine for aluminum casting operation, and the low-pressure aluminum casting of the motor rotor is completed.
  • the low-pressure cast aluminum mold for the motor rotor and the low-pressure cast aluminum process for the motor rotor of the present invention have the following advantages and beneficial effects:
  • the compaction of the rotor iron core is ensured through the compression of the first pressing device and the second pressing device, and the process of rotor iron core casting is completely eliminated.
  • the hidden danger of aluminum leakage improves the success rate of aluminum casting of the motor rotor, ensures the quality of the cast aluminum rotor, and has the advantages of simple process and low cost;
  • the second pressing device tightens the upper backing plate and the lower backing plate through the pull rod It realizes the compression of the upper and lower molds and the rotor core.
  • the structure is simple, and there is no need to add complicated compression equipment for compression, and it is easy to operate and adjust, and also improves the operation efficiency;
  • the raised arc is raised, which makes the distribution of molten aluminum more uniform and improves the quality of pouring.
  • the upper backing plate and the lower backing plate can be fastened to each other through the pull rod of the second pressing device, which realizes the pressing of the upper and lower molds and the rotor core.
  • the structure is simple, and there is no need to add complicated pressing equipment for pressing , and it is easy to operate and adjust, and also improves the operating efficiency.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)
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Abstract

一种用于电动机转子的低压铸铝模具及低压铸铝工艺，低压铸铝模具包括上叶型总成、下叶型总成、转子铁芯（1）、假轴（2）和分流器（7），上叶型总成包括上垫板（3）和上模（4），下叶型总成包括下垫板（5）和下模（6），低压铸铝模具还包括第一压紧装置（8）和四组第二压紧装置（9）。低压铸铝工艺包括冷态叠压、加热转子铁芯、模具准备、热态叠压、低压浇注。

Description

用于电动机转子的低压铸铝模具及低压铸铝工艺
本申请要求2021年7月15日向中华人民共和国国家知识产权局提交的申请号为202110802448.5发明名称为“一种特殊端板结构铸铝转子的低压铸铝工艺及其模具”、2021年7月15日向中华人民共和国国家知识产权局提交的申请号为202121610699.5发明名称为“一种特殊端板结构铸铝转子的低压铸铝模具”的中国专利申请的含优先权在内的全部权益。
技术领域
本发明属于低压铸铝技术领域，具体涉及一种用于电动机转子的低压铸铝模具以及一种用于电动机转子的低压铸铝工艺。
背景技术
低压铸铝是使铝液在较低压力作用下完成充填模具型腔及凝固过程从而获得高质量铸件的一种铸造方法，具有较高的生产效率，因此得到广泛应用。
但是在实际操作中，现有的低压铸铝模具及工艺无法确保转子铁芯的叠压紧密度，铸铝过程中存在漏铝的隐患，降低了电动机转子的铸铝成功率。而且，一旦发生漏铝，铝液将在电动机转子端板上凝固，严重影响电动机的通风和散热。
此外，在实际操作中，低压铸铝工艺参数难以确定，易导致电动机转子内部产生缺陷，影响到电动机转子的电气和机械性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的缺点，提供一种用于电动机转子的低压铸铝模具以及一种用于电动机转子的低压铸铝工艺，解决了传统低压铸铝工艺和模具存在漏铝隐患、影响电机的通风和散热、电动机转子铸铝成功率降低等技术问题。
在本发明一个方面，提供了一种用于电动机转子的低压铸铝模具，包括上叶型总成、下叶型总成、转子铁芯、假轴和分流器，所述上叶型总成包括上垫板和上模，所述下叶型总成包括下垫板和下模，所述假轴包括竖直设置的轴体、设于所述轴体上部的假轴上盖和设于所述轴体下部的假轴下盖，所述分流器设置在所述假轴和所述下模之间，其中：
所述低压铸铝模具还包括第一压紧装置和四组第二压紧装置，所述第一压紧装置设于所述假轴的顶部，对所述转子铁芯的中部进行压紧，所述四组第二压紧装置设置在所述低压铸铝模具的四个角部位置；
所述下垫板的四个角部处的中部分别设置有水平方向的卡槽，所述卡槽上方的下垫板上设置有U形孔，所述U形孔的开口朝向外侧，所述上垫板与所述U形孔相对应位置处 设有压紧通孔；
所述第二压紧装置包括拉杆、卡板、压紧螺母，所述卡板设于所述卡槽中，所述拉杆竖直设置且其底端穿过所述U形孔与所述卡板顶面连接，所述拉杆上段外壁上设有外螺纹，所述拉杆顶端穿过与其相对应的所述压紧通孔，所述压紧螺母螺纹连接于所述拉杆上的外螺纹。
进一步地，在上述用于电动机转子的低压铸铝模具中，所述卡槽的水平横截面的面积大于所述U形孔的水平横截面面积。
进一步地，在上述用于电动机转子的低压铸铝模具中：
所述第一压紧装置包括压盖和吊环螺栓；所述压盖为底部开口的圆柱形筒体，所述压盖同轴地盖设于所述假轴的顶端，且所述压盖的底部边缘压设于所述转子铁芯的顶面；
所述假轴上盖中部设有第一螺纹孔，所述压盖顶面与所述第一螺纹孔相对位置处设有第二螺纹孔，所述吊环螺栓下端穿过所述第二螺纹孔与所述第一螺纹孔配合连接。
进一步地，在上述用于电动机转子的低压铸铝模具中：
所述轴体中部竖直方向设置有第一通孔，所述第一通孔底端同轴设有环形卡槽，所述环形卡槽的内径尺寸大于所述第一通孔的内径尺寸；
所述假轴下盖包括圆形盖板和设于所述圆形盖板顶面的盖体，所述盖体为竖直设置的圆柱形结构，所述盖体上部伸入所述第一通孔中且所述轴体底面设于所述圆形盖板顶面，所述盖体下部外壁上设有与所述环形卡槽相配合的环形卡台，所述圆形盖板的外径尺寸大于所述轴体的外径尺寸，所述假轴下盖中部竖直方向设置有第二通孔；
所述分流器为圆柱形结构，所述分流器顶面中部设置有与所述圆形盖板相配合的盖板放置槽，所述盖板放置槽中心处同轴设置有圆柱凸起，所述圆柱凸起伸入所述第二通孔中且所述圆形盖板设于所述盖板放置槽中，所述分流器底面中心处设置有向下***的圆弧凸起。
进一步地，在上述用于电动机转子的低压铸铝模具中，所述圆柱凸起和所述第二通孔之间、所述盖板放置槽和所述圆形盖板之间均为间隙配合。
进一步地，在上述用于电动机转子的低压铸铝模具中，所述圆形盖板底面外边缘、所述分流器底面外边缘、所述盖板放置槽底面边缘和所述第二通孔底面边缘处均设置有倒角。
在本发明另一个方面，提供了一种用于电动机转子的低压铸铝工艺，包括以下步骤：
1)冷态叠压：将多片转子冲片依次叠套在低压铸铝模具的假轴上，利用油压机对第一压紧装置的压盖施加叠压压力，将叠套后的转子冲片组进行叠压形成转子铁芯，其中， 油压机的吨位为30～50T，油压机施加的叠压压力为2.5～3.0MPa，叠压直至转子铁芯达的整体高度到第一规定长度后，用第一压紧装置的压盖和吊环螺栓对转子铁芯进行紧固；
2)加热转子铁芯：将步骤1)中由第一压紧装置紧固于假轴的叠压后转子铁芯送至加热炉进行加热，首先将转子铁芯以70～90℃的升温速度加热1小时后，保温1小时，然后将转子铁芯以70～90℃的升温速度加热1小时后，保温1小时，最后将转子铁芯以80～100℃的升温速度加热1小时后，保温5小时；
3)模具准备：组装下垫板和下模、在下模上放置好分流器、将卡板安装于下垫板的卡槽中，并将拉杆竖直设置到位；
4)热态叠压：将步骤2)中加热完毕的转子铁芯吊出加热炉，将假轴的假轴下盖放置于步骤3)中放置好的分流器上，然后将上垫板和上模放于转子铁芯上，同时上垫板上的压紧通孔穿过拉杆上端，使用压紧螺母初步紧固转子铁芯，启动油压机对转子铁芯继续叠压，直至转子铁芯的整体高度达到第二规定长度后，再次紧固压紧螺母；
5)低压浇注：将步骤4)中紧固完毕的模具整体快速吊运至低压铸铝机上进行铸铝作业，完成电动机转子的低压铸铝。
进一步地，在上述用于电动机转子的低压铸铝工艺中，热态叠压中转子铁芯的第二规定长度＝冷态叠压中转子铁芯的第一规定长度×1.013。
进一步地，在上述用于电动机转子的低压铸铝工艺中，在低压浇注步骤中，按照如下方式控制低压铸铝的压力参数：
5.1)升液阶段：在2KPa的初始压力下对铝液以4.6～5.0KPa/s的升压速度加压10s，使得压力达到48～52KPa；
5.2)充型阶段：以7.3～7.7KPa/s的升压速度加压4s，使得压力达到77.2～82.8KPa；
5.3)保压阶段：在77.2～82.8KPa的压力下保压405s；
5.4)泄压阶段：保压阶段完成后泄出余压。
本发明的用于电动机转子的低压铸铝模具的有益效果包括：通过第一压紧装置和第二压紧装置的压紧，确保了转子铁芯叠压的紧密度，彻底消除了转子铸铝过程中漏铝的隐患，提高了电动机转子铸铝成功率，保证了铸铝转子的质量，且具有工艺过程简单、成本低的优点；第二压紧装置通过拉杆将上垫板和下垫板进行紧固，实现了对上下模和转子铁芯的压紧，结构简单，无需增加复杂压紧设备进行压紧，并且操作方便，调节方便，也提高了操作效率；分流器底面中心处设置的向下***的圆弧凸起，使得铝液的分流更加均匀，提高了浇注的质量。
本发明的用于电动机转子的低压铸铝工艺的有益效果包括：通过冷态叠压和热态叠压 两次叠压的过程，配合第一压紧装置和第二压紧装置的内部和外部的双重压紧，确保了转子铁芯叠压的紧密度，彻底消除了转子铸铝过程中漏铝的隐患，提高了电动机转子铸铝成功率，保证了铸铝转子的质量，且具有工艺过程简单、成本低的优点；通过第二压紧装置的拉杆，即可将上垫板和下垫板相互紧固，实现了对上下模和转子铁芯的压紧，结构简单，无需增加复杂压紧设备进行压紧，并且操作方便，调节方便，也提高了操作效率。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图，附图中：
图1为本发明的用于电动机转子的低压铸铝模具的结构示意图；
图2为本发明的用于电动机转子的低压铸铝模具中假轴轴体的结构示意图；
图3为本发明的用于电动机转子的低压铸铝模具中假轴下盖和分流器的结构示意图；
图4为本发明的用于电动机转子的低压铸铝模具中下垫板的局部结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明具体实施例及相应的附图对本发明技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
如图1至图4所示，本发明的用于电动机转子的低压铸铝模具包括上叶型总成、下叶型总成、转子铁芯1、假轴2和分流器7，所述上叶型总成包括上垫板3和上模4，所述下叶型总成包括下垫板5和下模6，所述假轴2包括竖直设置的轴体2-1、设于轴体2-1上部的假轴上盖2-2和设于轴体2-1下部的假轴下盖2-3，所述分流器7设置在假轴2和下模6之间，其中：所述低压铸铝模具还包括第一压紧装置8和四组第二压紧装置9，所述第一压紧装置8设于所述假轴2的顶部对所述转子铁芯1中部进行压紧，所述四组第二压紧装置9设置在所述低压铸铝模具的四个角部位置。
所述下垫板5的四个角部处的中部分别设置有水平方向的卡槽5-1，所述卡槽5-1上方的下垫板5上设置有U形孔5-2，所述U形孔5-2的开口朝向外侧，所述上垫板3与所述U形孔5-2相对应位置处设有压紧通孔3-1。
所述第二压紧装置9包括拉杆9-1、卡板9-2、压紧螺母9-3，所述卡板9-2设于所述卡槽5-1中，所述拉杆9-1竖直设置且其底端穿过U形孔5-2与卡板9-2顶面连接，拉杆 9-1上段外壁上设有外螺纹，所述拉杆9-1顶端穿过与其相对应的压紧通孔3-1，所述压紧螺母9-3螺纹连接于拉杆9-1上的外螺纹。
进一步，所述卡槽5-1的水平横截面的面积大于U形孔5-2的水平横截面面积，由此对卡板9-2起到限位作用，防止在紧固过程中卡板9-2脱落。
进一步地，所述第一压紧装置8包括压盖8-1和吊环螺栓8-2；所述压盖8-1为底部开口的圆柱形筒体，所述压盖8-1同轴地盖设于所述假轴2的顶端，且所述压盖8-1的底部边缘压设于所述转子铁芯1顶面。所述假轴上盖2-2中部设有第一螺纹孔2-2-1，所述压盖8-1顶面与所述第一螺纹孔2-2-1相对位置处设有第二螺纹孔8-1-1，所述吊环螺栓8-2下端穿过第二螺纹孔8-1-1与第一螺纹孔2-2-1配合连接。第一压紧装置8通过拧紧吊环螺栓8-2，使得压盖8-1对转子铁芯1进行压紧。
进一步，所述轴体2-1中部竖直方向设置有第一通孔2-1-1，所述第一通孔2-1-1底端同轴设有环形卡槽2-1-2，所述环形卡槽2-1-2的内径尺寸大于第一通孔2-1-1的内径尺寸；所述假轴下盖2-3包括圆形盖板2-3-1和设于圆形盖板2-3-1顶面的盖体2-3-2，所述盖体2-3-2为竖直设置的圆柱形结构，所述盖体2-3-2上部伸入所述第一通孔2-1-1中且所述轴体2-1底面设于圆形盖板2-3-1顶面，所述盖体2-3-2下部外壁上设有与所述环形卡槽2-1-2相配合的环形卡台2-3-3，所述圆形盖板2-3-1的外径尺寸大于所述轴体2-1的外径尺寸，所述假轴下盖2-3中部竖直方向设置有第二通孔2-3-4；所述分流器7为圆柱形结构，所述分流器7顶面中部设置有与所述圆形盖板2-3-1相配合的盖板放置槽7-1，所述盖板放置槽7-1中心处同轴设置有圆柱凸起7-2，所述圆柱凸起7-2伸入所述第二通孔2-3-4中且所述圆形盖板2-3-1设于所述盖板放置槽7-1中，所述分流器7底面中心处设置有向下***的圆弧凸起7-3。
进一步，所述上垫板3顶面设置有两组吊环3-2。吊环3-2的设置方便吊装进行运输。
进一步，所述圆柱凸起7-2和第二通孔2-3-4之间、所述盖板放置槽7-1和圆形盖板2-3-1之间均为间隙配合。分流器7和假轴下盖2-3之间的间隙配合既方便了安装也方便了拆卸。
进一步，所述圆形盖板2-3-1底面外边缘、所述分流器7底面外边缘、所述盖板放置槽7-1底面边缘和所述第二通孔2-3-4底面边缘处均设置有倒角。
在本发明的上述用于电动机转子的低压铸铝模具中，第二压紧装置9结构简单，操作方便，成本低，可在热态叠压过程中通过压紧螺母9-3完成对转子铁芯1的紧固。
在本发明的上述用于电动机转子的低压铸铝模具中，卡槽5-1和U形孔5-2的设置，节省了空间，也无需再添加外部压紧设备，便可实现压紧，成本低，不会对下模6造成影响。
在本发明的上述用于电动机转子的低压铸铝模具中，圆弧凸起7-3的设置使得铝液的分流更加均匀，提高了浇注的质量。
本发明的用于电动机转子的低压铸铝工艺包括以下步骤：
1)冷态叠压：将多片转子冲片依次叠套在低压铸铝模具的假轴2上，利用油压机对第一压紧装置8的压盖8-1施加叠压压力，以将叠套后的转子冲片组进行叠压形成转子铁芯1，其中，油压机的吨位为30～50T，油压机施加的叠压压力为2.5～3.0MPa，叠压直至转子铁芯1的整体高度达到第一规定长度后，用第一压紧装置8的压盖8-1和吊环螺栓8-2对转子铁芯1进行紧固；
2)加热转子铁芯：将步骤1)中由第一压紧装置8紧固于假轴2的叠压后转子铁芯1送至加热炉进行加热，首先将转子铁芯1以70～90℃的升温速度加热1小时后，保温1小时，然后将转子铁芯1以70～90℃的升温速度加热1小时后，保温1小时，最后将转子铁芯1以80～100℃的升温速度加热1小时后，保温5小时；
3)模具准备：组装下垫板5和下模6、在下模6上放置好分流器7、将卡板9-2安装于下垫板5的卡槽5-1中，并将拉杆9-1竖直设置到位；
4)热态叠压：将步骤2)中加热完毕的转子铁芯1吊出加热炉，将假轴2的假轴下盖2-3放置于步骤3)中放置好的分流器7上，然后将上垫板3和上模4放于转子铁芯1上，同时上垫板3上的压紧通孔3-1穿过拉杆9-1上端，使用压紧螺母9-3初步紧固转子铁芯1，启动油压机对转子铁芯1继续叠压，直至转子铁芯1的整体高度达到第二规定长度后，再次紧固压紧螺母9-3；
5)低压浇注：将步骤4)中紧固完毕的模具整体快速吊运至低压铸铝机上进行铸铝作业，完成电动机转子的低压铸铝。
进一步，由于转子铁芯被加热后发生热膨胀，在热态叠压时为了消除热膨胀的影响，热态叠压中转子铁芯1的第二规定长度选取为冷态叠压中转子铁芯1的第一规定长度的1.013倍，即：热态叠压中转子铁芯1的第二规定长度＝冷态叠压中转子铁芯1的第一规定长度×1.013。
进一步地，在低压浇注步骤中，按照如下方式控制低压铸铝的压力参数：
5.1)升液阶段：在2KPa的初始压力下对铝液以4.6～5.0KPa/s的升压速度加压10s，使得压力达到48～52KPa；
5.2)充型阶段：以7.3～7.7KPa/s的升压速度加压4s，使得压力达到77.2～82.8KPa；
5.3)保压阶段：在77.2～82.8KPa的压力下保压405s；
5.4)泄压阶段：保压阶段完成后泄出余压。
以下结合具体实施例详细说明本发明的用于电动机转子的低压铸铝工艺。
实施例1
实施例1的用于电动机转子的低压铸铝工艺包括以下步骤：
1)冷态叠压：将多片转子冲片依次叠套在低压铸铝模具的假轴2上，利用油压机对第一压紧装置8的压盖8-1施加叠压压力，以将叠套后的转子冲片组进行叠压形成转子铁芯，其中，油压机的吨位为30T，油压机施加的叠压压力为2.5MPa，叠压直至转子铁芯1的整体高度达到第一规定长度后，用第一压紧装置8的压盖8-1和吊环螺栓8-2对转子铁芯1进行紧固；
2)加热转子铁芯：将步骤1)中由第一压紧装置8紧固于假轴2的叠压后转子铁芯1送至加热炉进行加热，首先将转子铁芯1以70℃的升温速度加热1小时后，保温1小时，然后将转子铁芯1以70℃的升温速度加热1小时后，保温1小时，最后将转子铁芯1以80℃的升温速度加热1小时后，保温5小时；
3)模具准备：组装下垫板5和下模6、在下模6上放置好分流器7、将卡板9-2安装于下垫板5的卡槽5-1中，并将拉杆9-1竖直设置到位；
4)热态叠压：将步骤2)中加热完毕的转子铁芯1吊出加热炉，将假轴2的假轴下盖2-3放置于步骤3)中放置好的分流器7上，然后将上垫板3和上模4放于转子铁芯1上，同时上垫板3上的压紧通孔3-1穿过拉杆9-1上端，使用压紧螺母9-3初步紧固转子铁芯1，启动油压机对转子铁芯1继续叠压，直至转子铁芯1的整体高度达到第二规定长度后，再次紧固压紧螺母9-3，其中，热态叠压中转子铁芯1的第二规定长度＝冷态叠压中转子铁芯1的第一规定长度×1.013；
5)低压浇注：将步骤4)中紧固完毕的模具整体快速吊运至低压铸铝机上进行铸铝作业，完成电动机转子的低压铸铝。
实施例2
实施例2的用于电动机转子的低压铸铝工艺包括以下步骤：
1)冷态叠压：将多片转子冲片依次叠套在低压铸铝模具的假轴2上，利用油压机对第一压紧装置8的压盖8-1施加叠压压力，以将叠套后的转子冲片组进行叠压形成转子铁芯，其中，油压机的吨位为40T，油压机施加的叠压压力为2.8MPa，叠压直至转子铁芯1的整体高度达到第一规定长度后，用第一压紧装置8的压盖8-1和吊环螺栓8-2对转子铁芯1进行紧固；
2)加热转子铁芯：将步骤1)中由第一压紧装置8紧固于假轴2的叠压后转子铁芯1送至加热炉进行加热，首先将转子铁芯1以80℃的升温速度加热1小时后，保温1小时， 然后将转子铁芯1以80℃的升温速度加热1小时后，保温1小时，最后将转子铁芯1以90℃的升温速度加热1小时后，保温5小时；
3)模具准备：组装下垫板5和下模6、在下模6上放置好分流器7、将卡板9-2安装于下垫板5的卡槽5-1中，并将拉杆9-1竖直设置到位；
4)热态叠压：将步骤2)中加热完毕的转子铁芯1吊出加热炉，将假轴2的假轴下盖2-3放置于步骤3)中放置好的分流器7上，然后将上垫板3和上模4放于转子铁芯1上，同时上垫板3上的压紧通孔3-1穿过拉杆9-1上端，使用压紧螺母9-3初步紧固转子铁芯1，启动油压机对转子铁芯1继续叠压，直至转子铁芯1的整体高度达到第二规定长度后，再次紧固压紧螺母9-3，其中，热态叠压中转子铁芯1的第二规定长度＝冷态叠压中转子铁芯1的第一规定长度×1.013；
5)低压浇注：将步骤4)中紧固完毕的模具整体快速吊运至低压铸铝机上进行铸铝作业，完成电动机转子的低压铸铝。
实施例3
实施例3的用于电动机转子的低压铸铝工艺包括以下步骤：
1)冷态叠压：将多片转子冲片依次叠套在低压铸铝模具的假轴2上，利用油压机对第一压紧装置8的压盖8-1施加叠压压力，以将叠套后的转子冲片组进行叠压形成转子铁芯，其中，油压机的吨位为50T，油压机施加的叠压压力为3.0MPa，叠压直至转子铁芯1的整体高度达到第一规定长度后，用第一压紧装置8的压盖8-1和吊环螺栓8-2对转子铁芯1进行紧固；
2)加热转子铁芯：将步骤1)中由第一压紧装置8紧固于假轴2的叠压后转子铁芯1送至加热炉进行加热，首先将转子铁芯1以90℃的升温速度加热1小时后，保温1小时，然后将转子铁芯1以90℃的升温速度加热1小时后，保温1小时，最后将转子铁芯1以100℃的升温速度加热1小时后，保温5小时；
3)模具准备：组装下垫板5和下模6、在下模6上放置好分流器7、将卡板9-2安装于下垫板5的卡槽5-1中，并将拉杆9-1竖直设置到位；
4)热态叠压：将步骤2)中加热完毕的转子铁芯1吊出加热炉，将假轴2的假轴下盖2-3放置于步骤3)中放置好的分流器7上，然后将上垫板3和上模4放于转子铁芯1上，同时上垫板3上的压紧通孔3-1穿过拉杆9-1上端，使用压紧螺母9-3初步紧固转子铁芯1，启动油压机对转子铁芯1继续叠压，直至转子铁芯1的整体高度达到第二规定长度后，再次紧固压紧螺母9-3，其中，热态叠压中转子铁芯1的第二规定长度＝冷态叠压中转子铁芯1的第一规定长度×1.013；
5)低压浇注：将步骤4)中紧固完毕的模具整体快速吊运至低压铸铝机上进行铸铝 作业，完成电动机转子的低压铸铝。
综上所述，与现有技术相比，本发明的用于电动机转子的低压铸铝模具以及用于电动机转子的低压铸铝工艺具有以下优点和有益效果：
在本发明的用于电动机转子的低压铸铝模具中，通过第一压紧装置和第二压紧装置的压紧，确保了转子铁芯叠压的紧密度，彻底消除了转子铸铝过程中漏铝的隐患，提高了电动机转子铸铝成功率，保证了铸铝转子的质量，且具有工艺过程简单、成本低的优点；第二压紧装置通过拉杆将上垫板和下垫板进行紧固，实现了对上下模和转子铁芯的压紧，结构简单，无需增加复杂压紧设备进行压紧，并且操作方便，调节方便，也提高了操作效率；分流器底面中心处设置的向下***的圆弧凸起，使得铝液的分流更加均匀，提高了浇注的质量。
在用于电动机转子的低压铸铝工艺中，通过冷态叠压和热态叠压两次叠压的过程，配合第一压紧装置和第二压紧装置的内部和外部的双重压紧，确保了转子铁芯叠压的紧密度，彻底消除了转子铸铝过程中漏铝的隐患，提高了电动机转子铸铝成功率，保证了铸铝转子的质量，且具有工艺过程简单、成本低的优点；通过第二压紧装置的拉杆，即可将上垫板和下垫板相互紧固，实现了对上下模和转子铁芯的压紧，结构简单，无需增加复杂压紧设备进行压紧，并且操作方便，调节方便，也提高了操作效率。
需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如“第一”和“第二”等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，在本文中，术语“包括”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。此外，除另有说明外，本文中“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“上”、“下”、“内”、“外”等均以附图中表示的放置状态为参照。
还需要说明的是，以上实施例仅用于说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明的范围。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种用于电动机转子的低压铸铝模具，包括上叶型总成、下叶型总成、转子铁芯(1)、假轴(2)和分流器(7)，所述上叶型总成包括上垫板(3)和上模(4)，所述下叶型总成包括下垫板(5)和下模(6)，所述假轴(2)包括竖直设置的轴体(2-1)、设于所述轴体(2-1)上部的假轴上盖(2-2)和设于所述轴体(2-1)下部的假轴下盖(2-3)，所述分流器(7)设置在所述假轴(2)和所述下模(6)之间，其特征在于：
    所述低压铸铝模具还包括第一压紧装置(8)和四组第二压紧装置(9)，所述第一压紧装置(8)设于所述假轴(2)的顶部，对所述转子铁芯(1)的中部进行压紧，所述四组第二压紧装置(9)设置在所述低压铸铝模具的四个角部位置；
    所述下垫板(5)的四个角部处的中部分别设置有水平方向的卡槽(5-1)，所述卡槽(5-1)上方的下垫板(5)上设置有U形孔(5-2)，所述U形孔(5-2)的开口朝向外侧，所述上垫板(3)与所述U形孔(5-2)相对应位置处设有压紧通孔(3-1)；
    所述第二压紧装置(9)包括拉杆(9-1)、卡板(9-2)、压紧螺母(9-3)，所述卡板(9-2)设于所述卡槽(5-1)中，所述拉杆(9-1)竖直设置且其底端穿过所述U形孔(5-2)与所述卡板(9-2)顶面连接，所述拉杆(9-1)上段外壁上设有外螺纹，所述拉杆(9-1)顶端穿过与其相对应的所述压紧通孔(3-1)，所述压紧螺母(9-3)螺纹连接于所述拉杆(9-1)上的外螺纹。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的用于电动机转子的低压铸铝模具，其特征在于：所述卡槽(5-1)的水平横截面的面积大于所述U形孔(5-2)的水平横截面面积。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的用于电动机转子的低压铸铝模具，其特征在于：
    所述第一压紧装置(8)包括压盖(8-1)和吊环螺栓(8-2)；所述压盖(8-1)为底部开口的圆柱形筒体，所述压盖(8-1)同轴地盖设于所述假轴(2)的顶端，且所述压盖(8-1)的底部边缘压设于所述转子铁芯(1)的顶面；
    所述假轴上盖(2-2)中部设有第一螺纹孔(2-2-1)，所述压盖(8-1)顶面与所述第一螺纹孔(2-2-1)相对位置处设有第二螺纹孔(8-1-1)，所述吊环螺栓(8-2)下端穿过所述第二螺纹孔(8-1-1)与所述第一螺纹孔(2-2-1)配合连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的用于电动机转子的低压铸铝模具，其特征在于：
    所述轴体(2-1)中部竖直方向设置有第一通孔(2-1-1)，所述第一通孔(2-1-1)底端同轴设有环形卡槽(2-1-2)，所述环形卡槽(2-1-2)的内径尺寸大于所述第一通孔(2-1-1)的内径尺寸；
    所述假轴下盖(2-3)包括圆形盖板(2-3-1)和设于所述圆形盖板(2-3-1)顶面的盖体(2-3-2)，所述盖体(2-3-2)为竖直设置的圆柱形结构，所述盖体(2-3-2)上部伸入所述第一通孔(2-1-1)中且所述轴体(2-1)底面设于所述圆形盖板(2-3-1)顶面，所述盖体(2-3-2)下部外壁上设有与所述环形卡槽(2-1-2)相配合的环形卡台(2-3-3)，所述圆形盖板(2-3-1)的外径尺寸大于所述轴体(2-1)的外径尺寸，所述假轴下盖(2-3)中部竖直方向设置有第二通孔(2-3-4)；
    所述分流器(7)为圆柱形结构，所述分流器(7)顶面中部设置有与所述圆形盖板(2-3-1)相配合的盖板放置槽(7-1)，所述盖板放置槽(7-1)中心处同轴设置有圆柱凸起(7-2)，所述圆柱凸起(7-2)伸入所述第二通孔(2-3-4)中且所述圆形盖板(2-3-1)设于所述盖板放置槽(7-1)中，所述分流器(7)底面中心处设置有向下***的圆弧凸起(7-3)。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的用于电动机转子的低压铸铝模具，其特征在于：所述圆柱凸起(7-2)和所述第二通孔(2-3-4)之间、所述盖板放置槽(7-1)和所述圆形盖板(2-3-1)之间均为间隙配合。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的用于电动机转子的低压铸铝模具，其特征在于：所述圆形盖板(2-3-1)底面外边缘、所述分流器(7)底面外边缘、所述盖板放置槽(7-1)底面边缘和所述第二通孔(2-3-4)底面边缘处均设置有倒角。
  7. 一种用于电动机转子的低压铸铝工艺，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    1)冷态叠压：将多片转子冲片依次叠套在低压铸铝模具的假轴(2)上，利用油压机对第一压紧装置(8)的压盖(8-1)施加叠压压力，将叠套后的转子冲片组进行叠压形成转子铁芯(1)，其中，油压机的吨位为30～50T，油压机施加的叠压压力为2.5～3.0MPa，叠压直至转子铁芯(1)的整体高度达到第一规定长度后，用第一压紧装置(8)的压盖(8-1)和吊环螺栓(8-2)对转子铁芯(1)进行紧固；
    2)加热转子铁芯：将步骤1)中由第一压紧装置(8)紧固于假轴(2)的叠压后转子铁芯(1)送至加热炉进行加热，首先将转子铁芯(1)以70～90℃的升温速度加热1小时后，保温1小时，然后将转子铁芯(1)以70～90℃的升温速度加热1小时后，保温1小时，最后将转子铁芯(1)以80～100℃的升温速度加热1小时后，保温5小时；
    3)模具准备：组装下垫板(5)和下模(6)、在下模(6)上放置好分流器(7)、将卡板(9-2)安装于下垫板(5)的卡槽(5-1)中，并将拉杆(9-1)竖直设置到位；
    4)热态叠压：将步骤2)中加热完毕的转子铁芯(1)吊出加热炉，将假轴(2)的假轴下盖(2-3)放置于步骤3)中放置好的分流器(7)上，然后将上垫板(3)和上模(4)放于转子铁芯(1)上，同时上垫板(3)上的压紧通孔(3-1)穿过拉杆(9-1)上端，使用压紧螺母(9-3)初步紧固转子铁芯(1)，启动油压机对转子铁芯(1)继续叠压，直至转子铁芯(1) 的整体高度达到第二规定长度后，再次紧固压紧螺母(9-3)；
    5)低压浇注：将步骤4)中紧固完毕的模具整体快速吊运至低压铸铝机上进行铸铝作业，完成电动机转子的低压铸铝。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的用于电动机转子的低压铸铝工艺，其特征在于：热态叠压中转子铁芯(1)的第二规定长度＝冷态叠压中转子铁芯(1)的第一规定长度×1.013。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的用于电动机转子的低压铸铝工艺，其特征在于，在低压浇注步骤中，按照如下方式控制低压铸铝的压力参数：
    5.1)升液阶段：在2KPa的初始压力下对铝液以4.6～5.0KPa/s的升压速度加压10s，使得压力达到48～52KPa；
    5.2)充型阶段：以7.3～7.7KPa/s的升压速度加压4s，使得压力达到77.2～82.8KPa；
    5.3)保压阶段：在77.2～82.8KPa的压力下保压405s；
    5.4)泄压阶段：保压阶段完成后泄出余压。
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