WO2023283714A1 - Machining fluid - Google Patents
Machining fluid Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023283714A1 WO2023283714A1 PCT/BR2022/050259 BR2022050259W WO2023283714A1 WO 2023283714 A1 WO2023283714 A1 WO 2023283714A1 BR 2022050259 W BR2022050259 W BR 2022050259W WO 2023283714 A1 WO2023283714 A1 WO 2023283714A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- machining fluid
- agent
- fluid
- synthetic
- machining
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000003113 alkalizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver ion Chemical compound [Ag+] FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003352 sequestering agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- AYKOTYRPPUMHMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Ag] AYKOTYRPPUMHMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005555 metalworking Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000002173 cutting fluid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- -1 biotechnology Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000726103 Atta Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OOFLZRMKTMLSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N H4atta Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC1=CC=CC(C=2N=C(C=C(C=2)C=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=C3C=CC=CC3=2)C=2N=C(CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O)C=CC=2)=N1 OOFLZRMKTMLSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000016571 aggressive behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003254 anti-foaming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032770 biofilm formation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000855 fungicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003913 materials processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003641 microbiacidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002906 microbiologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M125/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material
- C10M125/04—Metals; Alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
- C10M173/02—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water not containing mineral or fatty oils
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/02—Groups 1 or 11
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
Definitions
- This patent describes a metalworking fluid. More specifically, it comprises a synthetic soluble metalworking fluid with metallic nanomaterial that acts as a co-lubricant.
- the machining fluid or cutting fluid is essential to cool the cutting region, lubricate the friction surfaces, drag the chips from the cutting area and protect the tool, the workpiece and the machine against corrosion and oxidation.
- This fluid can be solid (such as Molybdenum Disulfide paste), liquid (solutions, emulsions, oils) or gaseous (gases and mists).
- Document BRPI0702077 describes a metal cutting and machining fluid, biodegradable and non-toxic, soluble in water, which contains in its formulation castor oil and/or rapeseed oil sulfonated above 60%, rapeseed oil being mixed with Castor oil in proportions from 0.0% to 100%, also containing 4 additives, or more, namely: an anti-foaming additive, an anti-corrosive additive, a bactericidal additive and an emulsifying agent.
- Document BRPI0405554 describes a cutting fluid based on sulfonated castor oil, a bactericidal agent, an anticorrosive agent and an emulsifier, presenting results similar to those obtained when using mineral oil, providing a biodegradable product.
- metalworking fluids have in their composition a mineral oil that provides lubricating properties and chemical substances, called synthetics, which form solutions in water. They are therefore a mixture of two bases, one mineral and the other synthetic.
- Lubrication is an important property of fluids machining, ensuring better surface finish when severe cutting conditions are required (SUDA, S., YOKOTA, H., INASAKI, I., WAKABAYASHI, T. A synthetic ester as an optimal cutting fluid for minimal quantity lubrication machining). However, it generates waste that is subject to a series of rules for disposal.
- lubrication is an important factor. Even in dry or minimal fluid solutions, a lubricating agent is required to remove heat, to reduce tool friction and to prevent material sticking.
- the Applicant has developed studies with metallic nanomaterials that act synergistically with synthetic lubricants in the formulation, so that the nanomaterial acts as a co-lubricant after the degradation of the synthetic lubricant.
- the incorporation of the nanomaterial implies a decrease in the concentration of synthetic lubricants, and the elimination of emulsifiers, as well as a lower concentration of biocides and alkalizing amines, considering that the metallic nanomaterial used, in this case silver nanoparticles, has microbicidal activity and fungicide, being used in applications in medicine, biotechnology, cosmetics, textile industry, electronic products and packaging (LEM, KW, CHOUDHURY, A., LAKHANI, AA, KUYATE, P., HAW, JR, LEE, DS, Iqbal Z., and BRUMLIK, CJ; Use of Nanosilver in Consumer Products.
- the invention describes a biodegradable machining fluid, free of mineral and vegetable oils, emulsifiers, heavy metals, secondary amines, sodium nitrite, formaldehyde releasers and volatile compounds.
- the invention describes a machining fluid suitable for machining ferrous and non-ferrous metals, replacing semi-synthetic and integral fluids.
- the invention describes a metalworking fluid that uses synthetic lubricants in synergy with silver nanoparticles that, after degradation of the synthetic lubricant, act as a microscopic co-lubricant, filling the peaks and valleys of the machined material, providing less wear of tooling, through rolling friction, because the nanomaterial has a spherical shape.
- the invention describes a metalworking fluid that uses silver nanoparticles that act as an inorganic microbiological control agent, increasing the biostability of the solution in use, increasing the rate of reuse of the solution and preventing biofilm formation.
- the invention describes a metalworking fluid that, because it does not contain emulsifiers, has high demulsibility of mineral contaminants.
- the invention describes a metalworking fluid whose formulation uses lower concentrations of biocides and alkalizing amines, characterizing itself as a healthy product.
- the figure shows the graphical representation of the 4-Ball EP test for testing the lubricating properties under extreme load conditions, with "A” a semi-synthetic metalworking fluid, “B” a synthetic metalworking fluid, “C” a synthetic metalworking fluid with sulfonated castor oil, “D” the formulation of the metalworking fluid of the present invention without silver nanoparticles and ⁇ ” the metalworking fluid object of the present invention.
- the metalworking fluid object of the present invention patent, comprises a formulation containing between 10.0 to 30.0% v/v of synthetic lubricant, between 3.0 to 15.0% v/v of an agent alkalizing agent, between 2.0 to 8.0% v/v of an anticorrosive agent, between 0.1 to 4.0% v/v of a biocidal agent, between 1000 to 10000 ppm of silver nanoparticles and water in q.s.p.
- the formulation includes up to 2.0% v/v of a sequestering agent.
- the synthetic lubricant is based on PAG (polyalkylene glycol).
- the biocidal agent comprises thiazolinones and sodium salt, alone or in combination.
- the anticorrosive agent is preferably selected from salts of anticorrosive organic acids.
- the alkalizing agent is preferably amines.
- the nanoparticles act as a microscopic co-lubricant, filling the peaks and valleys of the machined material, providing less tooling wear through rolling friction because they are morphologically spherical.
- A-Ball EP tests were performed to test lubrication properties under extreme pressure conditions, analyzing the wear diameter at a given load.
- the metalworking fluid proposed in the present invention presented the best conditions in the friction between metals, even at high loads, when the wear curve presents an upward slope in the metalworking fluids of the state of the art (A, B, C and D).
- the state-of-the-art metalworking fluids show degradation of the lubricant and in the metalworking fluid object of the present patent (designated as ⁇ ” in graph 1), there is a slight increase in wear, substantially less than the others in comparison, practically maintaining the same initial conditions of the metalworking fluid with regard to lubrication conditions, due to the addition of silver nanoparticles that act as a co-lubricant.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
A machining fluid is described that contains a metal nanomaterial that acts synergistically with synthetic lubricants in the formulation, with the nanomaterial acting as a colubricant after degradation of the synthetic lubricant and also allowing for the concentration of synthetic lubricants to be decreased, there to be no need for emulsifiers, and a lower concentration of biocides and alkalizing amines to be required.
Description
FLUIDO DE USINAGEM CAMPO DA INVENÇÃO MACHINING FLUID FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[01] A presente patente de invenção descreve um fluido de usinagem. Mais especificamente compreende um fluido de usinagem solúvel sintético com nanomaterial metálico que atua como um co-lubrificante. [01] This patent describes a metalworking fluid. More specifically, it comprises a synthetic soluble metalworking fluid with metallic nanomaterial that acts as a co-lubricant.
ANTECEDENTES DA INVENÇÃO BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[02] O fluido de usinagem ou fluido de corte é essencial para refrigerar a região de corte, lubrificar as superfícies em atrito, arrastar o cavaco da área de corte e proteger a ferramenta, a peça e a máquina contra corrosão e oxidação. Esse fluido pode ser sólido (tal como pasta de Bissulfeto de Molibdênio), líquido (soluções, emulsões, óleos) ou gasoso (gases e névoas). [02] The machining fluid or cutting fluid is essential to cool the cutting region, lubricate the friction surfaces, drag the chips from the cutting area and protect the tool, the workpiece and the machine against corrosion and oxidation. This fluid can be solid (such as Molybdenum Disulfide paste), liquid (solutions, emulsions, oils) or gaseous (gases and mists).
[03] No entanto, a utilização de fluidos de corte no processo de usinagem faz da indústria metal-mecânica uma potencial agressora do meio ambiente. São vários os problemas decorrentes desta utilização, que vão desde a geração de efeitos nocivos ao ambiente de trabalho até a agressão do meio ambiente. [03] However, the use of cutting fluids in the machining process makes the metalworking industry a potential aggressor of the environment. There are several problems arising from this use, ranging from the generation of harmful effects to the work environment to the aggression of the environment.
[04] Durante a operação de usinagem, a vaporização, os cavacos e as peças da máquina que entram em contato com o fluido de usinagem podem ser vetores de riscos de contaminação. A aplicação dos fluidos de corte nos processos de usinagem gera vapores, sobretudo, no contato do refrigerante com superfícies quentes e em movimento da peça trabalhada, da ferramenta, ou do cavaco, comprometendo o ar do local de trabalho. A pressão e o aquecimento do fluido de corte também exercem influência no grau de evaporação. Este comprometimento do ar, em decorrência do uso de aerossóis e dos vapores de agentes refrigerantes, varia em função, por exemplo, das propriedades físico- químicas do fluido de corte, da velocidade de rotação das peças que
estão sendo trabalhadas e do aquecimento das superfícies. [04] During the machining operation, vaporization, chips and machine parts that come into contact with the metalworking fluid can be vectors of contamination risks. The application of cutting fluids in machining processes generates vapors, especially when the coolant comes into contact with hot and moving surfaces of the workpiece, tool, or chip, compromising the air in the workplace. The pressure and heating of the cutting fluid also influence the degree of evaporation. This impairment of the air, as a result of the use of aerosols and vapors from coolants, varies depending, for example, on the physicochemical properties of the cutting fluid, the speed of rotation of the parts that are being worked on and the heating of surfaces.
[05] O estado da técnica descreve fluidos de corte biodegradáveis. Segundo Eisentraeger et al. (EISENTRAEGER, A, SCHMIDT, M., MURRENHOFF H., DOTT, W., HAHN, S. Biodegradability testing of synthetic ester lubricants — effects of additives and usage. Chemosphere 48, 89-96. Germany. 2002), a biodegrabilidade é um dos mais importantes aspectos no que diz respeito ao descarte das substâncias no meio ambiente, sendo que, os fluidos de corte a base de ésteres sintéticos ou naturais são facilmente biodegradáveis em contraste com os óleos minerais. [05] The prior art describes biodegradable cutting fluids. According to Eisentraeger et al. (EISENTRAEGER, A, SCHMIDT, M., MURRENHOFF H., DOTT, W., HAHN, S. Biodegradability testing of synthetic ester lubricants — effects of additives and usage. Chemosphere 48, 89-96. Germany. 2002), the biodegradability is one of the most important aspects regarding the disposal of substances in the environment, and cutting fluids based on synthetic or natural esters are easily biodegradable in contrast to mineral oils.
[06] O documento BRPI0702077 descreve um fluido de corte e usinagem de metais, biodegradável e não tóxico, solúvel em água, que contém em sua formulação óleo de mamona e/ou óleo de colza sulfonados acima de 60%, sendo o óleo de colza misturado ao óleo de Mamona nas proporções de 0,0% a 100%, contendo também 4 aditivos, ou mais, sendo estes: um aditivo anti-espumante, um aditivo anti- corrosivo, um aditivo bactericida e um agente emulgador. [06] Document BRPI0702077 describes a metal cutting and machining fluid, biodegradable and non-toxic, soluble in water, which contains in its formulation castor oil and/or rapeseed oil sulfonated above 60%, rapeseed oil being mixed with Castor oil in proportions from 0.0% to 100%, also containing 4 additives, or more, namely: an anti-foaming additive, an anti-corrosive additive, a bactericidal additive and an emulsifying agent.
[07] O documento BRPI0405554 descreve um fluido de corte à base de óleo de mamona sulfonado, um agente bactericida, um anticorrosivo e um agente emulgador, apresentando resultados semelhantes aos obtidos quando se utiliza óleo mineral, provendo um produto biodegradável. [07] Document BRPI0405554 describes a cutting fluid based on sulfonated castor oil, a bactericidal agent, an anticorrosive agent and an emulsifier, presenting results similar to those obtained when using mineral oil, providing a biodegradable product.
[08] Basicamente, os fluidos de usinagem possuem em sua composição um óleo mineral que provê propriedades lubrificantes e substâncias químicas, chamadas de sintéticas, que formam soluções em água. São, portanto uma mistura de duas bases, uma mineral e outra sintética. [08] Basically, metalworking fluids have in their composition a mineral oil that provides lubricating properties and chemical substances, called synthetics, which form solutions in water. They are therefore a mixture of two bases, one mineral and the other synthetic.
[09] A lubrificação é uma propriedade importante nos fluidos de
usinagem, garantindo melhor acabamento superficial quando severas condições de corte são requeridas (SUDA, S., YOKOTA, H., INASAKI, I., WAKABAYASHI, T. A synthetic ester as an optimal cutting fluid for minimal quantity lubrication machining). No entanto, gera resíduos que se sujeitam a uma série de normas para o descarte. [09] Lubrication is an important property of fluids machining, ensuring better surface finish when severe cutting conditions are required (SUDA, S., YOKOTA, H., INASAKI, I., WAKABAYASHI, T. A synthetic ester as an optimal cutting fluid for minimal quantity lubrication machining). However, it generates waste that is subject to a series of rules for disposal.
[010] Como uma solução, o estado da técnica descreve a usinagem a seco e semi-seco, visando reduzir os efeitos prejudiciais dos fluidos de corte tradicionais e os custos associados com a compra (CHAKRABORTY, P., ASFOUR, S., CHO, S., ONARB, A. , LYNN, M., Modeling tool wear progression by using mixed effects modeling technique when end-milling AISI 4340 Steel. Journal of materiais Processing technology 2 0 5, 190-202. USA. 2008). [010] As a solution, the prior art describes dry and semi-dry machining, aiming to reduce the harmful effects of traditional cutting fluids and the costs associated with their purchase (CHAKRABORTY, P., ASFOUR, S., CHO , S., ONARB, A. , LYNN, M., Modeling tool wear progression by using mixed effects modeling technique when end-milling AISI 4340 Steel. Journal of materials Processing technology 205, 190-202. USA. 2008).
[011] No entanto, a lubrificação é fator importante. Mesmo nas soluções à seco ou com quantidade mínima de fluido, um agente lubrificante é necessário para a remoção de calor, para reduzir o atrito da ferramenta e evitar a aderência dos materiais. [011] However, lubrication is an important factor. Even in dry or minimal fluid solutions, a lubricating agent is required to remove heat, to reduce tool friction and to prevent material sticking.
[012] Dessa forma, o Requerente desenvolveu estudos com nanomateriais metálicos que atuam sinergicamente com lubrificantes sintéticos da formulação, de forma que o nanomaterial atua como um co-lubrificante após a degradação do lubrificante sintético. [012] Thus, the Applicant has developed studies with metallic nanomaterials that act synergistically with synthetic lubricants in the formulation, so that the nanomaterial acts as a co-lubricant after the degradation of the synthetic lubricant.
[013] A incorporação do nanomaterial implica na diminuição de concentração de lubrificantes sintéticos, e na eliminação de emulsionantes, bem como menor concentração de biocidas e aminas alcalinizantes, tendo em vista que o nanomaterial metálico utilizado, no caso nanopartículas de prata, apresenta atividade microbicida e fungicida, sendo utilizado em aplicações na medicina, na biotecnologia, em cosméticos, na indústria têxtil, em produtos eletrónicos e para acondicionamento (LEM, K. W., CHOUDHURY, A., LAKHANI, A. A.,
KUYATE, P., HAW, J. R., LEE, D. S., Iqbal Z., e BRUMLIK, C. J.; Use of Nanosilver in Consumer Products. Disponível em: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22023078. Acesso em: 07 jul. de 2021) e para reduzir a corrosão dos metais (ATTA A. M., EL-MAHDY G. A., e AL-LOHEDAN H. A.; Corrosion Inhibition Efficiency of Modified Silver Nanoparticles For Carbon Steel in 1 M HCI. Chemistry department, College of Science, King Saud University. Arábia Saudita, 2013. Disponível em: http://www.electrochemsci.org/papers/vol8/80404873.pdf. Acesso em 07 jul. de 2021). [013] The incorporation of the nanomaterial implies a decrease in the concentration of synthetic lubricants, and the elimination of emulsifiers, as well as a lower concentration of biocides and alkalizing amines, considering that the metallic nanomaterial used, in this case silver nanoparticles, has microbicidal activity and fungicide, being used in applications in medicine, biotechnology, cosmetics, textile industry, electronic products and packaging (LEM, KW, CHOUDHURY, A., LAKHANI, AA, KUYATE, P., HAW, JR, LEE, DS, Iqbal Z., and BRUMLIK, CJ; Use of Nanosilver in Consumer Products. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22023078. Accessed on: 07 Jul. 2021) and to reduce metal corrosion (ATTA AM, EL-MAHDY GA, and AL-LOHEDAN HA; Corrosion Inhibition Efficiency of Modified Silver Nanoparticles For Carbon Steel in 1 M HCI. Chemistry department, College of Science, King Saud University Saudi Arabia, 2013. Available at: http://www.electrochemsci.org/papers/vol8/80404873.pdf. Accessed on 07 Jul 2021).
SUMÁRIO SUMMARY
[014] A invenção descreve um fluído de usinagem biodegradável, isento de óleos minerais e vegetais, emulsionantes, metais pesados, aminas secundárias, nitrito de sódio, liberadores de formol e compostos voláteis. [014] The invention describes a biodegradable machining fluid, free of mineral and vegetable oils, emulsifiers, heavy metals, secondary amines, sodium nitrite, formaldehyde releasers and volatile compounds.
[015] A invenção descreve um fluído de usinagem indicado para usinagem de metais ferrosos e não ferrosos, em substituição aos fluidos semissintéticos e integrais. [015] The invention describes a machining fluid suitable for machining ferrous and non-ferrous metals, replacing semi-synthetic and integral fluids.
[016] A invenção descreve um fluido de usinagem que utiliza lubrificantes sintéticos em sinergia com nanopartículas de prata que, após a degradação do lubrificante sintético, atuam como um co- lubrificante microscópico, preenchendo os picos e vales do material usinado, conferindo menor desgaste de ferramental, através do atrito de rolamento, em virtude do nanomaterial apresentar formato esférico. [017] A invenção descreve um fluido de usinagem que utiliza nanopartículas de prata que atuam como agente de controle microbiológico inorgânico, aumentando a bioestabilidade da solução em uso, aumentando a taxa de reaproveitamento da solução e
inviabilizando a formação de biofilme. [016] The invention describes a metalworking fluid that uses synthetic lubricants in synergy with silver nanoparticles that, after degradation of the synthetic lubricant, act as a microscopic co-lubricant, filling the peaks and valleys of the machined material, providing less wear of tooling, through rolling friction, because the nanomaterial has a spherical shape. [017] The invention describes a metalworking fluid that uses silver nanoparticles that act as an inorganic microbiological control agent, increasing the biostability of the solution in use, increasing the rate of reuse of the solution and preventing biofilm formation.
[018] A invenção descreve um fluido de usinagem que, por não conter emulsionantes, tem alta demulsibilidade de contaminantes minerais. [018] The invention describes a metalworking fluid that, because it does not contain emulsifiers, has high demulsibility of mineral contaminants.
[019] A invenção descreve um fluido de usinagem cuja formulação utiliza concentrações menores de biocidas e aminas alcalinizantes, se caracterizando como um produto salubre. [019] The invention describes a metalworking fluid whose formulation uses lower concentrations of biocides and alkalizing amines, characterizing itself as a healthy product.
[020] BREVE DESCRIÇÃO DA FIGURA [020] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURE
[021] A figura apresenta a representação gráfica do teste 4-Ball EP para testagem das propriedades lubrificantes sob condições extremas de carga, sendo “A” um fluido de usinagem semissintético, “B” um fluído de usinagem sintético, “C” um fluido de usinagem com óleo de mamona sulfonado, “D” a formulação de fluido de usinagem da presente invenção sem as nanopartículas de prata e Έ” o fluído de usinagem objeto da presente invenção. [021] The figure shows the graphical representation of the 4-Ball EP test for testing the lubricating properties under extreme load conditions, with "A" a semi-synthetic metalworking fluid, "B" a synthetic metalworking fluid, "C" a synthetic metalworking fluid with sulfonated castor oil, “D” the formulation of the metalworking fluid of the present invention without silver nanoparticles and Έ” the metalworking fluid object of the present invention.
DESCRIÇÃO DETALHADA DA INVENÇÃO DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[022] O fluido de usinagem, objeto da presente patente de invenção, compreende uma formulação contendo entre 10,0 a 30,0% v/v de lubrificante sintético, entre 3,0 a 15,0% v/v de um agente alcalinizante, entre 2,0 a 8,0% v/v de um agente anticorrosivo, entre 0,1 a 4,0% v/v de um agente biocida, entre 1000 a 10000 ppm de nanopartículas de prata e água em q.s.p. [022] The metalworking fluid, object of the present invention patent, comprises a formulation containing between 10.0 to 30.0% v/v of synthetic lubricant, between 3.0 to 15.0% v/v of an agent alkalizing agent, between 2.0 to 8.0% v/v of an anticorrosive agent, between 0.1 to 4.0% v/v of a biocidal agent, between 1000 to 10000 ppm of silver nanoparticles and water in q.s.p.
[023] Opcionalmente, a formulação inclui até 2,0% v/v de um agente sequestrante. [023] Optionally, the formulation includes up to 2.0% v/v of a sequestering agent.
[024] O lubrificante sintético é de base PAG (polialquileno-glicol). [024] The synthetic lubricant is based on PAG (polyalkylene glycol).
[025] O agente biocida compreende tiazolinonas e sal de sódio, isoladamente ou em combinação. [025] The biocidal agent comprises thiazolinones and sodium salt, alone or in combination.
[026] O agente anticorrosivo é preferentemente selecionado dentre sais de ácidos orgânicos anticorrosivos.
[027] O agente alcalinizante é preferentemente as aminas. [026] The anticorrosive agent is preferably selected from salts of anticorrosive organic acids. [027] The alkalizing agent is preferably amines.
[028] As nanopartículas atuam como um co-lubrificante microscópico, preenchendo os picos e vales do material usinado, conferindo menor desgaste de ferramental, através do atrito de rolamento por ser morfologicamente esféricas. [028] The nanoparticles act as a microscopic co-lubricant, filling the peaks and valleys of the machined material, providing less tooling wear through rolling friction because they are morphologically spherical.
[029] Foram realizados testes A-Ball EP para testar propriedades de lubrificação sob condições extremas de pressão, sendo analisado o diâmetro do desgaste a uma dada carga. Conforme apresentado na figura 1, o fluído de usinagem proposto na presente invenção apresentou as melhores condições no atrito entre metais, mesmo em cargas elevadas, quando a curva de desgaste apresenta uma inclinação ascendente nos fluídos de usinagem do estado da técnica (A, B, C e D). Quando a carga chega em 140 kgf, os fluidos de usinagem do estado da técnica (A, B, C e D) apresentam degradação do lubrificante e no fluído de usinagem objeto da presente patente de invenção (designado como Έ” no gráfico 1), há um leve aumento de desgaste substancialmente menor que os demais em comparação, sendo praticamente mantidas as mesmas condições iniciais do fluido de usinagem no que diz respeito às condições de lubrificação, em virtude do acréscimo de nanopartículas de prata que atuam como co- lubrificante.
[029] A-Ball EP tests were performed to test lubrication properties under extreme pressure conditions, analyzing the wear diameter at a given load. As shown in figure 1, the metalworking fluid proposed in the present invention presented the best conditions in the friction between metals, even at high loads, when the wear curve presents an upward slope in the metalworking fluids of the state of the art (A, B, C and D). When the load reaches 140 kgf, the state-of-the-art metalworking fluids (A, B, C and D) show degradation of the lubricant and in the metalworking fluid object of the present patent (designated as Έ” in graph 1), there is a slight increase in wear, substantially less than the others in comparison, practically maintaining the same initial conditions of the metalworking fluid with regard to lubrication conditions, due to the addition of silver nanoparticles that act as a co-lubricant.
Claims
1. FLUIDO DE USINAGEM caracterizado por compreender entre 10,0 a 30,0% v/v de lubrificante sintético, entre 3,0 a 15,0% v/v de um agente alcalinizante, entre 2,0 a 8,0% v/v de agentes anticorrosivos, entre 0,1 a 4,0% v/v de um agente biocida, entre 1000 a 10000 ppm de nanopartículas de prata e água em q.s.p.1. MACHINING FLUID characterized by comprising between 10.0 to 30.0% v/v of synthetic lubricant, between 3.0 to 15.0% v/v of an alkalizing agent, between 2.0 to 8.0% v/v of anticorrosive agents, between 0.1 to 4.0% v/v of a biocidal agent, between 1000 to 10000 ppm of silver nanoparticles and water in q.s.p.
2. FLUIDO DE USINAGEM, de acordo com a reivindicação 1, caracterizado por compreender até 2,0% v/v de um agente sequestrante. 2. MACHINING FLUID, according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises up to 2.0% v/v of a sequestering agent.
3. FLUIDO DE USINAGEM, de acordo com a reivindicação 1, caracterizado pelo fato do lubrificante sintético ser de base PAG (polialquileno-glicol). 3. MACHINING FLUID, according to claim 1, characterized in that the synthetic lubricant is based on PAG (polyalkylene glycol).
4. FLUIDO DE USINAGEM, de acordo com a reivindicação 1, caracterizado pelo fato do agente biocida compreender tiazolinonas e sal de sódio, isoladamente ou em combinação. 4. MACHINING FLUID, according to claim 1, characterized in that the biocidal agent comprises thiazolinones and sodium salt, alone or in combination.
5. FLUIDO DE USINAGEM, de acordo com a reivindicação 1, caracterizado pelo fato do agente anticorrosivo ser sais de ácidos orgânicos anticorrosivos. 5. MACHINING FLUID, according to claim 1, characterized in that the anticorrosive agent is salts of anticorrosive organic acids.
6. FLUIDO DE USINAGEM, de acordo com a reivindicação 1, caracterizado pelo fato do agente alcalinizante ser aminas.
6. MACHINING FLUID, according to claim 1, characterized in that the alkalizing agent is amines.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| BR1020210138297 | 2021-07-13 | ||
| BR102021013829A BR102021013829A2 (en) | 2021-07-13 | 2021-07-13 | Machining Fluid |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2023283714A1 true WO2023283714A1 (en) | 2023-01-19 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/BR2022/050259 WO2023283714A1 (en) | 2021-07-13 | 2022-07-13 | Machining fluid |
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| Country | Link |
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| BR (1) | BR102021013829A2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2023283714A1 (en) |
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| WO2018032853A1 (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2018-02-22 | 南通科星化工有限公司 | Micro-emulsion cutting fluid and preparation process therefor |
| WO2018082287A1 (en) * | 2016-11-01 | 2018-05-11 | 南通科星化工有限公司 | Water-based cutting fluid and preparation method therefor |
| CN112852519A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-05-28 | 山东艾富莱新材料科技有限公司 | Environment-friendly high-performance metal working fluid and preparation method thereof |
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| KR101069392B1 (en) * | 2008-12-26 | 2011-09-30 | 주식회사 포스코 | Composition for soluble cutting fluid comprising nano silver |
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|---|---|
| BR102021013829A2 (en) | 2021-12-14 |
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