WO2023245954A1 - 一种高强度铝合金瓜瓣侧孔电磁翻边装置及方法 - Google Patents

一种高强度铝合金瓜瓣侧孔电磁翻边装置及方法 Download PDF

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WO2023245954A1
WO2023245954A1 PCT/CN2022/129760 CN2022129760W WO2023245954A1 WO 2023245954 A1 WO2023245954 A1 WO 2023245954A1 CN 2022129760 W CN2022129760 W CN 2022129760W WO 2023245954 A1 WO2023245954 A1 WO 2023245954A1
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Prior art keywords
hole
melon
positioning
flanging
side hole
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PCT/CN2022/129760
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱志
林磊
崔晓辉
叶升平
陈勇
岳韬
杨睿萌
周元奇
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四川航天长征装备制造有限公司
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Publication of WO2023245954A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023245954A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P23/00—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass
    • B23P23/04—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass for both machining and other metal-working operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D19/00—Flanging or other edge treatment, e.g. of tubes
    • B21D19/08—Flanging or other edge treatment, e.g. of tubes by single or successive action of pressing tools, e.g. vice jaws
    • B21D19/088—Flanging or other edge treatment, e.g. of tubes by single or successive action of pressing tools, e.g. vice jaws for flanging holes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D43/00—Feeding, positioning or storing devices combined with, or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, apparatus for working or processing sheet metal, metal tubes or metal profiles; Associations therewith of cutting devices
    • B21D43/003—Positioning devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/36—Removing material
    • B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
    • B23K26/382—Removing material by boring or cutting by boring

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of equipment manufacturing and relates to an electromagnetic flanging device and method for side holes of high-strength aluminum alloy melon petals.
  • Chinese patent CN207508048U discloses a ⁇ 3350mm ellipsoidal melon petal normal hole convex hole mold.
  • This mold uses a mechanical method to complete the normal convex hole of the melon petal side hole.
  • the mechanical convex hole requires multiple replacement of the punch to form, which is inefficient and easy to form. Cracks occur.
  • the concave mold in the disclosed patent uses a central screw to pull the mold in the vertical direction. Generally, the mechanical protruding hole force is relatively large. If only the central screw is used to pull the concave mold, it is easy to become unstable and the positioning accuracy is not high enough.
  • Chinese patent CN110899451A discloses a method and device for forming flange holes at the bottom of a rocket tank, specifically disclosing "including a forming coil, a forming die and a positioning device; the positioning device ensures that the flange hole forming part at the bottom of the rocket tank is formed and positioned ; By using electromagnetic pulse boring technology to replace traditional steel mold boring.”
  • This patent only completes the processing of the flange holes in the overall bottom of the storage tank.
  • the overall bottom of the storage tank is larger and takes up a lot of space. However, because the overall bottom is a symmetrical piece, the positioning and installation of the melon pieces are simpler than the melon pieces.
  • the side hole flanging forming of melon petals mainly uses large-scale high-tonnage hydroforming equipment, and is completed through the conventional pre-hole making and multi-pass flanging process, which requires a set of large-scale forming molds with convex and concave molds.
  • Using the existing process is not only complicated, but also requires multiple sets of tooling molds, and the processing cost is expensive.
  • multiple forming processes are often required during production, and intermediate processes require grinding, trimming, and annealing.
  • the manufacturing process is quite complex, resulting in low production efficiency, high costs, and high labor intensity for workers.
  • the overall structural parts need to be formed in the annealed state, leaving enough plastic forming space and time for the formation of the side hole area, and the entire process cannot be optimized.
  • the melon petals The assembly and debugging of the upper and lower parts of the hydraulic press results in a long, time-consuming and expensive process.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a high-strength aluminum alloy melon flap side hole electromagnetic flanging device and method.
  • a high-strength aluminum alloy melon petal side hole electromagnetic flanging device includes a lower positioning base, a support frame, an upper positioning base, a bottom plate and a melon petal side hole flanging mold.
  • the lower positioning base includes a lower positioning column, A bushing a located in the mounting hole of the lower positioning column and a lower positioning pin located in the bushing a.
  • the upper positioning base includes an upper positioning column, a bushing b located in the mounting hole of the upper positioning column, and a bushing b located in the mounting hole of the upper positioning column.
  • the upper positioning pin in the bushing b, the support frame, the lower positioning column, and the upper positioning column are respectively located on the bottom plate;
  • the melon petal side hole flanging mold includes a top pressing seat, a pressing plate, a lifting lug, an upper pressing die, a forming die, a stand, an upper positioning base, a pressing positioning pin, a forming coil, a top pressing seat positioning pin and Pressure plate positioning pin, the forming die, the forming die and the stand are respectively arranged on the bottom plate, the stands are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the forming die, the upper edge mold is connected to the pressure plate, the forming coil is connected to the top The pressure base is connected, the pressing base is connected to the pressure plate, and the pressure plate is fixedly connected to the stand; the forming coil includes a coil skeleton, a coil and a conductive wire, the coil and the conductive wire are respectively connected to the coil skeleton, and the conductive wire is connected to the power supply.
  • the electromagnetic force generated by the forming coil acts on the area where the melon petal needs to be formed. Under the force, the normal initial hole flanging of the
  • the lower curved surface of the upper edge mold is fit to the inner surface of the side hole area of the melon segment
  • the upper surface of the forming die is fit to the outer surface of the side hole area of the melon segment
  • the axis of the hole of the forming die is The direction is consistent with the direction of the flanging hole of the melon petal.
  • the upper edge holder mold and the forming concave mold are axially positioned through edge holder positioning pins, and a pressure plate positioning pin is provided between the pressure plate and the stand to ensure that the upper edge holder mold can be quickly and accurately installed in place for subsequent forming processing.
  • a positioning pin of the pressing seat is provided between the pressing seat and the pressure plate for quickly and accurately positioning and installing the forming coil.
  • the support point of the support frame is an adjustable mechanism, and the height can be adjusted and locked.
  • lifting lugs are provided on both the pressure plate and the bottom plate to facilitate lifting and assembly.
  • the invention also records a flanging method of a high-strength aluminum alloy melon petal side hole electromagnetic flanging device, which is characterized by including the following steps:
  • S1 Use five-axis laser cutting equipment to cut the area outside the theoretical edge line of the melon petal, with processing allowance on all four sides. Use laser cutting to process the upper and lower positioning holes in the upper and lower margin areas of the melon petal, and process the upper and lower positioning holes along the side hole area. Cut the normal initial hole in the normal direction;
  • S2 Align and install the side hole processing area of the melon petal between the upper edge mold and the forming die.
  • the side hole is the normal initial hole.
  • the positioning block passes through the normal initial hole. Twist the positioning block handle to move the positioning block handle.
  • the end thread is connected to the bottom plate;
  • the lower positioning hole of the melon petal matches the lower positioning pin of the lower positioning base. Tighten the screws on both sides of the pressure plate and the base to compress the melon petal. Unscrew the positioning block handle and remove the positioning block. Pass the upper positioning pin through the melon petal. The upper positioning hole is inserted into the upper positioning base;
  • the inner surface of the melon petal is an ellipsoid curved surface
  • the ellipsoid curved surface is an elliptical line It is generated by rotating along the short axis b.
  • the inner diameter of the melon flap flanging hole is D2.
  • the axis center of the melon flap flanging hole is parallel to the short axis b and the distance is d1.
  • the upper positioning hole of the melon petal is a normal waist-shaped hole
  • the normal direction of the upper positioning hole is a round hole, and is located on the center line of the melon petal.
  • the normal initial hole, upper positioning hole, and lower positioning hole are used Five-axis laser cutting can be processed in one go.
  • Electromagnetic boring forming uses the repulsive force of the blank due to electromagnetic induction to cause the blank to plastically deform away from the forming coil, thereby forming the workpiece into a specific shape. Electromagnetic forming uses a magnetic field as the medium to exert electromagnetic force, avoiding corresponding mechanical contact, so it does not No friction is generated, no lubricant is required, the occurrence of defects and rebound is reduced, and quality is improved.
  • This invention utilizes the characteristics of significantly improved plasticity of aluminum alloy under high-speed forming of electromagnetic forming to realize local side hole flanging forming of melon petal structural parts.
  • the device uses electromagnetic forming melon petal side hole flanging technology to replace the traditional large hydraulic system mold flanging. , thereby avoiding the use of large-table and large-tonnage liquid equipment, thereby simplifying equipment, processes and molds, and improving the quality and efficiency of side-hole flanging manufacturing of melon petals.
  • This high-strength aluminum alloy melon petal side hole electromagnetic flanging device performs melon petal side hole flanging processing through electromagnetic forming.
  • the electromagnetic forming processing method has the advantages of high efficiency, high quality, and high stability, and avoids the traditional molding side hole. There are defects such as hole cracking and substandard size; (2) The overall space size of the device is small, and it is easy to process and repair.
  • the device can avoid the limitations of large-scale hydraulic equipment that is relied on for flanging the side holes of large curved melon petals; (3)
  • the device's positioning method for the melon petals is simple, fast and highly precise; (4)
  • the high-strength aluminum alloy melon petals' side hole electromagnetic flanging method has a single and easy-to-control process parameter, and the side hole forming surface quality is good; (5)
  • This processing method The manufacturing cost is low, the operation is simple and safe, and corresponding mechanical contact is avoided, so no friction is generated and no lubricant is required. It is an efficient, environmentally friendly processing and forming technology.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a half-section view of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the forming coil of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the upper die of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the side hole structure of the melon petal
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the process of flanging the side holes of the melon flap according to the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the position of the melon segment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the positioning and installation of melon segments according to the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of installing the electromagnetic coil of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic flanging of the side hole of the melon segment according to the present invention.
  • a high-strength aluminum alloy melon petal side hole electromagnetic flanging device includes a lower positioning base 1, a support frame 2, an upper positioning base 9, a bottom plate 17 and a melon petal side hole flanging mold.
  • the lower positioning base 1 includes The lower positioning column 1-1, the bushing a1-2 and the lower positioning pin 1-3;
  • the upper positioning base 9 includes the bushing b9-2, the upper positioning column 9-3 and the upper positioning pin 9-1;
  • the support frame 2, the lower positioning column 1-1, and the upper positioning column 9-3 are all fixed on the base plate 17 through screws;
  • the melon petal side hole flanging mold includes a top pressure seat 3, a pressure plate 4, a lifting lug 5, an upper Pressing die 6, forming die 7, column 8, upper positioning base 9, press locating pin 10, forming coil 11, top pressing seat locating pin 13 and pressure plate locating pin 14, forming die 7 is fixed on the bottom plate with screws 17, the upper edge holder die 6 is fixed on the pressure plate 4 through screws, and the
  • the upright pillars 8 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the forming die 7, and the upper edge holder die 6 and the forming die 7 are clamped Holding on both sides of the normal initial hole 12-e of the melon petal 12, the forming coil 11 is connected to the pressing seat 3 through screws, and the pressing seat 3 is connected to the pressure plate 4 through screws, between the pressure plate 4 and the column 8 Through screw connection, the upper clamping die 6 and the forming die 7 are clamped by tightening the screws between the pressing plate 4 and the column 8 to clamp the melon segment 12; the forming coil 11 is composed of the coil skeleton 11-1, the coil 11 -2. It consists of conductive wires 11-3. The conductive wires 11-3 are connected to the power source and energized.
  • the electromagnetic force generated by the forming coil 11 acts on the area where the melon segment 12 needs to be formed. Under the force, the normal initial hole of the melon segment 12 is 12-e flanging is formed into the required melon flanging hole 12-a.
  • the lower curved surface of the upper edge mold 6 and the inner surface of the side hole area of the melon petal 12 can achieve seamless fit, and the upper surface of the forming die 7 can also achieve seamless fit with the outer surface of the side hole area of the melon petal 12.
  • the axis direction of the hole of the forming die 7 is consistent with the flanging hole 12-a of the melon petal 12.
  • the upper edge holder mold 6 and the forming die 7 are axially positioned using two edge holder positioning pins 10 during initial installation.
  • the pressure plate 4 and the two stands 8 are respectively equipped with pressure plate positioning pins 14 to ensure subsequent forming.
  • the processing upper blank holder mold 6 can be quickly and accurately installed in place.
  • the support frame 2 is a welded part and is used to support the back of the melon segment 12.
  • the height of the two support points of the support frame 2 can be adjusted and locked.
  • Lifting lugs 5 are respectively installed at the four corners of the upper surfaces of the pressure plate 4 and the bottom plate 17 to facilitate lifting and assembly.
  • the inner surface of the melon petal 12 is an ellipsoid curved surface, and the ellipsoid curved surface is an elliptical line. It is generated by rotating along the short axis b.
  • the inner diameter of the melon flange hole 12-a is D2.
  • the axis of the melon flange hole 12-a is parallel to the short axis b and the distance is d1.
  • a high-strength aluminum alloy melon side The electromagnetic flanging method for holes includes the following steps:
  • S1 Use five-axis laser cutting equipment to cut the area outside the theoretical edge line 12-f of the melon petal, with processing allowances on all four sides. At the same time, use laser cutting to process two reference holes in the upper and lower margin areas of the melon petal.
  • the reference holes are divided into two. It is an upper positioning hole 12-b and a lower positioning hole 12-c, and a normal initial hole 12-e is cut in the normal direction in the side hole area to prepare for subsequent electromagnetic flanging;
  • the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above.
  • the invention extends to any new features or any new combinations disclosed in this specification, as well as to any new method or process steps disclosed or any new combinations.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

一种高强度铝合金瓜瓣侧孔电磁翻边装置，包括下定位基座（1）、支撑架（2）、上定位基座（9）、底板（17）和瓜瓣侧孔翻边模，下定位基座（1）包括下定位立柱（1-1）、衬套a（1-2）和下定位销（1-3），上定位基座（9）包括上定位立柱（9-3）、衬套b（9-2）和上定位插销（9-1），支撑架（2）、下定位立柱（1-1）和上定位立柱（9-3）分别设于底板（17）上。采用电磁成形翻边替代传统大型液压***模具翻孔，避免使用大台面大吨位液体设备，简化设备、工艺和模具，提高了瓜瓣侧孔翻边制造的质量和效率。还提供了一种高强度铝合金瓜瓣侧孔电磁翻边方法。

Description

一种高强度铝合金瓜瓣侧孔电磁翻边装置及方法 技术领域
本发明属于装备制造领域，涉及一种高强度铝合金瓜瓣侧孔电磁翻边装置及方法。
背景技术
随着航空航天事业的发展，对航天运载工具的性能提出了更高的要求，从而给制造工艺带来许多新的挑战。在火箭推进剂贮箱等部件中，椭球体箱底由圆环、叉形环和顶盖组成，圆环由八个瓜瓣拼焊而成。瓜瓣为大型薄壁件，外形为椭球体，为便于管路与箱体之间进行焊接，保证焊接质量，需要在瓜瓣上制造翻边孔。瓜瓣零件较大、型面复杂，翻孔轴向与贮箱轴向方向一致。采用传统的瓜瓣侧孔翻边工艺所需工装复杂，易于产生起皱和裂纹等缺陷产品合格率较低。
中国专利CN207508048U公开了一种Ф3350mm椭球瓜瓣法向孔凸孔模具，该模具是利用机械式完成瓜瓣侧孔的法相凸孔，机械凸孔需要多次更换凸模才能成形，效率低容易产生裂纹。其次，该公开专利的凹模是利用中心螺杆在竖直方向拉住，一般机械凸孔力较大，只靠中心螺杆拉住凹模，容易失稳，定位精度不够高。
中国专利CN110899451A公开了一种火箭贮箱整体箱底法兰孔成形方法及装置，具体公开了“包括成形线圈、成形凹模以及定位装置；所述定位装置确保整体箱底法兰孔成形件进行成形定位；通过采用电磁脉冲翻孔技术替代传统钢模翻孔”。该专利只是完成对贮箱整体箱底法兰孔成形加工，贮箱整体箱底较大，占位空间大，但由于整体箱底为对称件，相比瓜瓣件的定位和安装较为简单。其次，当整体箱底凸孔当出现裂纹时，不能像瓜瓣一样可以及时替换，造成成本损失更大。航天的发展需要的火箭直径会更大，随着焊接技术的提高，贮箱主要由瓜瓣拼接为主。
目前，瓜瓣侧孔翻边成形主要是利用大型高吨位液压成形设备，通过常规预先制孔加多道次翻边的工艺完成，需要一套具有凸凹模的大型成形模具。采用现有的工艺，不仅流程复杂，需用多套工装模具，加工成本昂贵。为了避免开裂，生产中经常需要多次成形，中间工序要进行打磨、修边和退火处理，制造工艺相 当复杂，致使生产效率低，成本高，工人劳动强度大。为满足瓜瓣侧孔翻边成形要求，整体结构件需在退火状态进行成形，给法侧孔区域的成形留出足够的塑性成形空间和时间，无法进行整个工艺流程的优化，同时，瓜瓣在液压机上下装配调试等工序，造成工艺流程长，耗时多，费用高。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有技术的不足，提供一种高强度铝合金瓜瓣侧孔电磁翻边装置及方法。
为了达到上述目的，本发明采用了下列技术方案：
一种高强度铝合金瓜瓣侧孔电磁翻边装置，包括下定位基座、支撑架、上定位基座、底板和瓜瓣侧孔翻边模，所述下定位基座包括下定位立柱、设于下定位立柱安装孔内的衬套a和设于衬套a内的下定位销，所述上定位基座包括上定位立柱、设于上定位立柱安装孔内的衬套b和设于衬套b内的上定位插销，所述支撑架、下定位立柱、上定位立柱分别设于底板上；
所述瓜瓣侧孔翻边模包括顶压座、压板、吊耳、上压边模、成形凹模、立座、上定位基座、压边定位销、成形线圈、顶压座定位销和压板定位销，所述成形凹模、成形凹模、立座分别设于底板上，所述立座对称设于成形凹模的两侧，上压边模与压板连接，所述成形线圈与顶压座连接，顶压座连接在压板上，压板与立座固定连接；所述成形线圈包括线圈骨架、线圈和导电线，线圈和导电线分别与线圈骨架连接，导电线与电源连接。成形线圈产生的电磁力作用于瓜瓣所需成形的区域，在作用力下瓜瓣的法向初孔翻边成形为所需的瓜瓣翻边孔。
作为优选方式，所述上压边模的下曲面和瓜瓣侧孔区域的内表面贴合，成形凹模的上表面和瓜瓣侧孔区域的外表面贴合，成形凹模的孔的轴线方向与瓜瓣的瓜瓣翻边孔方向一致。
作为优选方式，所述上压边模和形成凹模通过压边定位销轴向定位，压板和立座之间设有压板定位销，保证后续成形加工上压边模能快速精准安装到位。
作为优选方式，所述顶压座和压板之间设有顶压座定位销，用于快速精准定位安装成形线圈。
作为优选方式，支撑架的支撑点为可调节机构，高度能够调节和锁死。
作为优选方式，所述压板和底板上均设有吊耳，方便于吊取和装配。
本发明还记载了一种高强度铝合金瓜瓣侧孔电磁翻边装置的翻边方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
S1:利用五轴激光切割设备切割瓜瓣理论边缘线以外的区域，四边都带有加工余量，在瓜瓣上下余量区域利用激光切割加工上定位孔和下定位孔，在侧孔区域沿法向方向切割法向初孔；
S2:将瓜瓣的侧孔加工区域对齐安装于上压边模和成形凹模之间，侧孔为法向初孔，定位块穿过法向初孔，扭转定位块把手将定位块把手的端部螺纹与底板连接；
S3:瓜瓣的下定位孔与下定位基座的下定位销配合，拧紧压板与立座两边的螺钉压紧瓜瓣，拧出定位块把手取走定位块，将上定位插销通过瓜瓣的上定位孔***上定位基座；
S4：在上压边模内部安装成形线圈，拧紧顶压座与压板之间的螺钉；
S5；连接导电线与电源，通电，在电磁感应作用力下实现法向初孔翻边成形为瓜瓣翻边孔，完成高强度铝合金瓜瓣侧孔电磁翻边成形。
作为优选方式，所述瓜瓣的内表面为椭球曲面，椭球曲面是椭圆线
Figure PCTCN2022129760-appb-000001
沿短轴b旋转生成，瓜瓣翻边孔的内径为D2，瓜瓣翻边孔的轴心与短轴b平行且距离为d1。
作为优选方式，所述瓜瓣的上定位孔为法向腰形孔，上定位孔法向为圆孔，并处于瓜瓣的中心线上，法向初孔、上定位孔、下定位孔利用五轴激光切割一次加工到位。
电磁翻孔成形利用坯料因电磁感应受到的排斥力使坯料产生背离成形线圈的塑性变形，从而将工件成形成特定形状，电磁成形以磁场为介质作用电磁力，避免了相应的机械接触，因此不产生摩擦，也无需润滑剂，减小缺陷出现和回弹量，提高质量。
本发明利用电磁成形高速率成形下铝合金塑性明显改善的特性，实现瓜瓣结构件的局部侧孔翻边成形，装置采用电磁成形瓜瓣侧孔翻边技术方法替代传统大型液压***模具翻孔，由此避免使用大台面大吨位液体设备，从而简化设备、工艺和模具，提高瓜瓣侧孔翻边制造的质量和效率
本发明具有以下优点：
(1)该高强度铝合金瓜瓣侧孔电磁翻边装置通过电磁成形进行瓜瓣侧孔翻边加工，电磁成形加工方式具有高效率、高质量、高稳定性的优点，避免了传统模压侧孔开裂和尺寸不达标等缺陷；(2)该装置总体空间尺寸不大，加工和返修方便，可以避免大型曲面瓜瓣侧孔翻边所现依赖的大型液压装备的局限性；(3)该装置针对瓜瓣的定位方式简单、快速、精度高；(4)该高强度铝合金瓜瓣侧孔电磁翻边方法，工艺参数单一易控，侧孔成形表面质量佳；(5)该加工方法制造成本低，操作简单安全，避免了相应的机械接触，因此不产生摩擦，也无需润滑剂，是一种高效、环境友好的加工成形技术。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构示意图；
图2是本发明半剖视图结构示意图；
图3是本发明成形线圈结构示意图；
图4是本发明上压模结构示意图；
图5是瓜瓣侧孔结构示意图；
图6是本发明瓜瓣侧孔翻边成形流程示意图；
图7是本发明瓜瓣位置示意图；
图8是本发明瓜瓣定位安装示意图；
图9是本发明安装电磁线圈示意图；
图10是本发明瓜瓣侧孔完成电磁翻边示意图；
图中：1.下定位基座，2.支撑架，3.顶压座，4.压板，5.吊耳，6.上压边模，7.成形凹模，8.立座，9.上定位基座，10.压边定位销，11.成形线圈，12.瓜瓣，13.顶压座定位销，14.压板定位销，15.定位块把手，16.定位块，17.底板，1-1.下定位立柱，1-2.衬套a，1-3.下定位销，9-1.上定位插销，9-2.衬套b，9-3上定位立柱，11-1.线圈骨架，11-2.线圈，11-3.导电线，12-a.瓜瓣翻边孔，12-b.上定位孔，12-c.下定位孔，12-e.法向初孔，12-f.瓜瓣理论边缘线。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释 本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
实施例：
一种高强度铝合金瓜瓣侧孔电磁翻边装置包括下定位基座1、支撑架2、上定位基座9、底板17和瓜瓣侧孔翻边模，所述下定位基座1包括下定位立柱1-1、衬套a1-2和下定位销1-3；所述上定位基座9包括衬套b9-2、上定位立柱9-3和上定位插销9-1；所述支撑架2、下定位立柱1-1、上定位立柱9-3都通过螺钉固定在底板17上；所述的瓜瓣侧孔翻边模包括顶压座3、压板4、吊耳5、上压边模6、成形凹模7、立柱8、上定位基座9、压边定位销10、成形线圈11、顶压座定位销13和压板定位销14，成形凹模7通过螺钉固定在底板17上，上压边模6通过螺钉固定在压板4上，立柱8通过螺钉固定在底板17上，立柱8对称分布于成形凹模7的两侧，上压边模6和成形凹模7夹持于瓜瓣12法向初孔12-e所处位置的两侧，成形线圈11与顶压座3通过螺钉连接，顶压座3通过螺钉连接在压板4上，压板4与立柱8之间通过螺钉连接，通过扭紧压板4与立柱8之间的螺钉实现夹紧上压边模6和成形凹模7夹紧瓜瓣12；所述的成形线圈11由线圈骨架11-1、线圈11-2、导电线11-3组成，导电线11-3与电源连接通电，成形线圈11产生的电磁力作用于瓜瓣12所需成形的区域，在作用力下瓜瓣12的法向初孔12-e翻边成形为所需的瓜瓣翻边孔12-a。
所述的上压边模6下曲面和瓜瓣12侧孔区域的内表面一样实现无缝贴合，成形凹模7的上表面和瓜瓣12侧孔区域的外表面一样实现无缝贴合，成形凹模7的孔的轴线方向无瓜瓣12的瓜瓣翻边孔12-a方向一致。
所述的上压边模6和形成凹模7在最初安装时利用两个压边定位销10进行轴向定位，在压板4和两个立座8分别配作压板定位销14，保证后续成形加工上压边模6能快速精准安装到位。
所述的顶压座3和压板4之间设有顶压座定位销13，用于快速精准定位安装成形线圈。
所述的支撑架2为焊接件，用于瓜瓣12的背部支撑，支撑架2的两个支撑点高度能够调节和锁死。
所述的压板4和底板17的上表面安装四个角分别安装有吊耳5，方便于吊取和装配。
所述的瓜瓣12的内表面为椭球曲面，椭球曲面是椭圆线
Figure PCTCN2022129760-appb-000002
沿短轴b旋转生成，瓜瓣翻边孔12-a的内径为D2，瓜瓣翻边孔12-a的轴心与短轴b平行且距离为d1，一种高强度铝合金瓜瓣侧孔电磁翻边方法，包含以下步骤：
S1:利用五轴激光切割设备切割瓜瓣理论边缘线12-f以外的区域，四边都带有加工余量，同时在瓜瓣上下余量区域利用激光切割加工两个的基准孔，基准孔分为上定位孔12-b和下定位孔12-c，并且，在侧孔区域沿法向方向切割法向初孔12-e为后续电磁翻边准备；
S2:将瓜瓣12的侧孔加工区域对齐安装于上压边模6和成形凹模7之间，此时侧孔为法向初孔12-e，定位块16穿过法向初孔12-e，扭转定位块把手15将定位块把手15的端部螺纹与底板17连接；
S3:瓜瓣12下定位孔12-c与下定位基座1的下定位销1-3配合，拧紧压板4与立座8两边的螺钉压紧瓜瓣12，后续，拧出定位块把手15取走定位块16，将上定位插销9-1通过瓜瓣12的上定位孔12-b***上定位基座；
S4：在上压边模6内部安装成形线圈11，拧紧顶压座3与压板4之间的螺钉；
S5；连接导电线11-3与电源，通电，在电磁感应作用力下实现法向初孔12-e翻边成形为瓜瓣翻边孔12-a，完成高强度铝合金瓜瓣侧孔电磁翻边成形。
所述的瓜瓣12上定位孔12-b为法向腰形孔，上定位孔12-b法向为圆孔，并处于瓜瓣12的中心线上，法向初孔12-e、上定位孔12-b、上定位孔12-b利用五轴激光切割一次加工到位。
本发明并不局限于前述的具体实施方式。本发明扩展到任何在本说明书中披露的新特征或任何新的组合，以及披露的任一新的方法或过程的步骤或任何新的组合。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种高强度铝合金瓜瓣侧孔电磁翻边装置，其特征在于：包括下定位基座、支撑架、上定位基座、底板和瓜瓣侧孔翻边模，所述下定位基座包括下定位立柱、设于下定位立柱安装孔内的衬套a和设于衬套a内的下定位销，所述上定位基座包括上定位立柱、设于上定位立柱安装孔内的衬套b和设于衬套b内的上定位插销，所述支撑架、下定位立柱、上定位立柱分别设于底板上；
    所述瓜瓣侧孔翻边模包括顶压座、压板、吊耳、上压边模、成形凹模、立座、上定位基座、压边定位销、成形线圈、顶压座定位销和压板定位销，所述成形凹模、成形凹模、立座分别设于底板上，所述立座对称设于成形凹模的两侧，上压边模与压板连接，所述成形线圈与顶压座连接，顶压座连接在压板上，压板与立座固定连接；所述成形线圈包括线圈骨架、线圈和导电线，线圈和导电线分别与线圈骨架连接，导电线与电源连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种高强度铝合金瓜瓣侧孔电磁翻边装置，其特征在于：所述上压边模的下曲面和瓜瓣侧孔区域的内表面贴合，成形凹模的上表面和瓜瓣侧孔区域的外表面贴合，成形凹模的孔的轴线方向与瓜瓣的瓜瓣翻边孔方向一致。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种高强度铝合金瓜瓣侧孔电磁翻边装置，其特征在于，所述上压边模和形成凹模通过压边定位销轴向定位，压板和立座之间设有压板定位销。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种高强度铝合金瓜瓣侧孔电磁翻边装置，其特征在于：所述顶压座和压板之间设有顶压座定位销。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种高强度铝合金瓜瓣侧孔电磁翻边装置，其特征在于：支撑架的支撑点为可调节机构，高度能够调节和锁死。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种高强度铝合金瓜瓣侧孔电磁翻边装置，其特征在于：所述压板和底板上均设有吊耳。
  7. 一种根据权利要求1-6任一所述的高强度铝合金瓜瓣侧孔电磁翻边装置的翻边方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    S1:利用五轴激光切割设备切割瓜瓣理论边缘线以外的区域，四边都带有加工余量，在瓜瓣上下余量区域利用激光切割加工上定位孔和下定位孔，在侧孔区 域沿法向方向切割法向初孔；
    S2:将瓜瓣的侧孔加工区域对齐安装于上压边模和成形凹模之间，侧孔为法向初孔，定位块穿过法向初孔，扭转定位块把手将定位块把手的端部螺纹与底板连接；
    S3:瓜瓣的下定位孔与下定位基座的下定位销配合，拧紧压板与立座两边的螺钉压紧瓜瓣，拧出定位块把手取走定位块，将上定位插销通过瓜瓣的上定位孔***上定位基座；
    S4：在上压边模内部安装成形线圈，拧紧顶压座与压板之间的螺钉；
    S5；连接导电线与电源，通电，在电磁感应作用力下实现法向初孔翻边成形为瓜瓣翻边孔，完成高强度铝合金瓜瓣侧孔电磁翻边成形。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种翻边方法，其特征在于：所述瓜瓣的内表面为椭球曲面，椭球曲面是椭圆线
    Figure PCTCN2022129760-appb-100001
    沿短轴b旋转生成，瓜瓣翻边孔的内径为D2，瓜瓣翻边孔的轴心与短轴b平行且距离为d1。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的一种翻边方法，其特征在于：所述瓜瓣的上定位孔为法向腰形孔，上定位孔法向为圆孔，并处于瓜瓣的中心线上，法向初孔、上定位孔、下定位孔利用五轴激光切割一次加工到位。
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