WO2023221974A1 - Satellite image feedback-based landslide monitoring apparatus and method, terminal, device, and medium - Google Patents

Satellite image feedback-based landslide monitoring apparatus and method, terminal, device, and medium Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023221974A1
WO2023221974A1 PCT/CN2023/094517 CN2023094517W WO2023221974A1 WO 2023221974 A1 WO2023221974 A1 WO 2023221974A1 CN 2023094517 W CN2023094517 W CN 2023094517W WO 2023221974 A1 WO2023221974 A1 WO 2023221974A1
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Prior art keywords
monitoring
water
data
landslide
monitor
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PCT/CN2023/094517
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
崔玉萍
侯芸
刘春�
张蕴灵
董元帅
吴杭彬
祁生文
张新来
何乃武
俞永华
邓小龙
崔丽
绳梦雅
Original Assignee
中咨数据有限公司
中国公路工程咨询集团有限公司
中交路桥检测养护有限公司
中咨公路养护检测技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2023221974A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023221974A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
    • G08B21/10—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to calamitous events, e.g. tornados or earthquakes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
    • G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/24—Earth materials
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B31/00—Predictive alarm systems characterised by extrapolation or other computation using updated historic data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q9/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
    • H04W4/38—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for collecting sensor information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q2209/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems
    • H04Q2209/80—Arrangements in the sub-station, i.e. sensing device
    • H04Q2209/88—Providing power supply at the sub-station
    • H04Q2209/886—Providing power supply at the sub-station using energy harvesting, e.g. solar, wind or mechanical
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of geological disaster data monitoring, and specifically relates to landslide monitoring devices, methods, terminals, equipment and media based on satellite image feedback.
  • Geological disasters in mountainous areas are mainly collapses, landslides, and debris flows.
  • Systematic research has been conducted on the cause mechanisms and prevention measures of different geological disasters.
  • the most commonly used method currently is to conduct on-site monitoring of existing disasters to prevent further expansion of the scope of disasters.
  • the investigation of potential unstable disaster points is mainly through manual rough inspection. During manual inspections, due to factors such as the complexity of the terrain and the accumulated experience of the staff, some disaster points that may cause disaster effects are ignored. For certain areas, the cost of manual inspections is too high and cannot be fully covered. .
  • Some units use satellite photos for investigation. From a macro perspective, the applicability of this method has been expanded. It only requires manual interpretation of satellite photos. The relative cost is greatly saved, and the work efficiency is greatly improved.
  • satellite image interpretation requires a certain amount of work experience, which greatly reduces its universality. Even experienced staff are extremely prone to errors during the interpretation process, mainly due to the different occurrence environments of different geological disasters, and The occurrence environment is always changing, increasing the complexity of geological disasters.
  • geological disasters in mountainous areas are identified through multi-source and multi-temporal high-resolution satellite data
  • geological disasters in mountainous areas are identified through the combination of UAV images and DEM
  • geological disasters are identified through real-life three-dimensional modeling methods of UAV oblique photogrammetry. , measure and observe the deformation conditions of on-site landslide disasters multiple times, and then identify them.
  • the problems and defects existing in the existing technology are as follows:
  • the interpretation of geological hazards on satellite images is mainly carried out through a combination of on-site surveys and satellite images.
  • This method exists The key issue is that in geological disaster identification, all geological disasters have already occurred. It is impossible to identify disasters such as potential unstable slopes and collapses, that is, only Identify landslide disasters that have produced disaster-causing effects.
  • the learning model trained based on this is also used in the interpretation of geological hazards on satellite images. There are major limitations.
  • drone images can only identify landslide disasters that have already occurred, but cannot identify upcoming potential disasters.
  • drones can only identify single landslides. For certain landslides, For regional geological disaster surveys, the production cost of drones is high, and the time consumption is greatly increased, and the workload of later indoor image processing is greatly increased.
  • disclosed embodiments of the present invention provide a landslide monitoring device, method, terminal, equipment and medium based on satellite image feedback. It improves the accuracy and reliability of slope monitoring and saves costs.
  • a landslide monitoring device based on satellite feedback includes: a composite monitoring box, used to monitor the chemical composition of groundwater, pore water pressure, horizontal displacement, horizontal stress and vertical stress, and monitor wall mineral composition Monitor the change indicators and obtain relevant data at different depths of the geological body;
  • the data acquisition control system is used for the collection, summary, and storage of on-site data. It caches the data collected on site and transmits it using wireless transmission devices. The data is summarized and transmitted to the indoor satellite interpretation terminal;
  • the flow monitoring system is used to monitor the surface water flow at different locations on the slope, and to test and analyze the chemical composition and pH data of the surface water. It collects the flow data and integrates it with meteorological data to analyze the flow and rainfall at different locations. Quantitative indicators;
  • the laser scanning monitoring system is used to conduct real-time monitoring and analysis of the erosion pattern of the slope surface, obtain the erosion pattern data at different positions on the slope surface, calculate the erosion situation by comparing it with the original slope surface form, and analyze the water flow and water level at the bottom of the ditch. Monitor and provide early warning of dangerous situations;
  • the water level monitoring system is used to monitor the water level and flow rate at the bottom of the ditch in real time. After transmitting it to the data acquisition control system, it is compared with the rainfall data. At the same time, it is compared and analyzed with the moisture sensor and pore pressure sensor values inside the slope to obtain Rainfall-flow-pore water pressure relationship.
  • the avalanche monitoring device based on satellite image feedback also includes: a power supply system, which is composed of two modules: solar power supply and wind energy power supply, which uses solar energy and wind energy to supplement power and provide power to the entire monitoring system;
  • a power supply system which is composed of two modules: solar power supply and wind energy power supply, which uses solar energy and wind energy to supplement power and provide power to the entire monitoring system;
  • the power supply system adopts frequency conversion automatic control.
  • the parameters of the same sensor change ⁇ 0.1% for one consecutive week, one-third of the power supply of the general sensor will be automatically cut off and maintained in the state to be measured. After the fluctuating current is fed back to the power supply system, the power supply system will Start powering again and the sensor returns to normal.
  • the collapse monitoring device based on satellite imaging feedback also includes:
  • Wireless transmission antenna for data transmission and instruction reception
  • the meteorological monitoring station is used to monitor local rainfall, temperature, humidity, wind direction, wind speed, and air pressure meteorological indicators in real time, store and transmit the data, and finally transmit it to the data acquisition and control system.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for monitoring potential instability and landslide disasters, which includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 Delineate the geological disaster survey scope selected in the satellite images, and then deploy on-site avalanche monitoring devices based on satellite image feedback;
  • Step 2 Monitor the deformation and stress in the evolution of the slope, feed back the real-time data to the indoor satellite image interpretation terminal, repeatedly train the established learning model, and combine the migration elements of the on-site slope with the pixels in the satellite image. Change creates connections;
  • Step 3 Based on the pre-programmed safety threshold, monitor and warn on-site landslide disasters.
  • step one the satellite image interpretation learning model is trained using monitoring data of potential instability and landslide disasters, and the learning model is used to identify potential instability slopes.
  • the safety threshold is set in combination with the safety factor of the landslide disaster.
  • the safety factor is the ratio of the anti-sliding force or moment to the sliding force or moment.
  • the safety threshold is a function of the safety factor and is determined according to the change of the safety factor. The changing pattern of safety thresholds.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an indoor satellite video interpretation terminal for implementing the monitoring method of potential instability and landslide disasters.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a program storage medium for receiving user input, which stores The computer program causes the electronic device to perform the monitoring method for potential instability and landslide disasters.
  • the computer device includes a memory and a processor.
  • the memory stores a computer program.
  • the computer program causes the processor to execute the Monitoring methods for potential instability and landslide disasters described above.
  • the geological disaster survey range selected in the satellite image is first delineated, and on this basis, monitoring equipment is deployed on site.
  • the monitoring technology in the present invention The method can conduct real-time monitoring of the core elements of engineering geology (stratum lithology, meteorology, geotechnical parameters, hydrology, etc.). On the one hand, it can monitor the deformation and stress in the slope evolution and feed the real-time data to the indoor satellite interpretation terminal.
  • the application of this technology can monitor potentially unstable slopes, which mainly solves the problem of being unable to identify impending geological disasters in satellite images.
  • the technology provided in the present invention is still based on big data artificial intelligence.
  • the application of intelligent identification methods and the establishment of this technology can provide important support for identifying landslide geological disasters based on satellite images, improve work efficiency, and save the cost of geological disaster identification.
  • the present invention proposes a landslide monitoring device and method based on satellite image feedback.
  • Typical disaster points are selected through satellite images, monitoring is performed at the typical disaster points, and the monitoring information is fed back to the indoor interpretation terminal for interpretation. Translation to improve the accuracy of interpretation results of satellite films.
  • the present invention feeds back the on-site information of typical disaster points to the indoor satellite interpretation terminal in a timely manner to facilitate the smooth development of the interpretation work.
  • the monitoring device in the present invention in addition to monitoring
  • the disaster's stratigraphic lithology, geological structure, surface erosion, meteorology, groundwater and other information are systematically monitored, and the typical characteristics of the monitored disaster points are given from the perspective of engineering geology, and these characteristics are integrated
  • specific indicators such as strain and stress
  • the deformation and stress indicators are linked to the pixel changes in satellite images to more accurately interpret potential disaster points, effectively improving the accuracy and reliability of disaster investigation.
  • machine learning is performed on indoor interpretation methods. Later, artificial intelligence methods are used to interpret satellite images of typical disaster spots, which greatly improves work efficiency.
  • the technical solution of the present invention fills the technical gaps in the industry at home and abroad: the implementation of the present invention brings great convenience to geological disaster investigation and saves a lot of time. It has human and material resources and can conduct regional geological hazard surveys and investigations, which provides important support for the safe construction and operation of highway projects and industrial and civil construction projects. At the same time, the technology of the present invention is beneficial to be integrated into the current smart traffic information system and fill the gaps in this aspect.
  • Figure 1 is a flow chart of a monitoring method for potential instability and landslide disasters provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a monitoring method for potential instability and landslide disasters provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a collapse monitoring device based on satellite film feedback provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a composite monitoring box provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a flow monitoring system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the monitoring method for potential instability and landslide disasters provided by the embodiment of the present invention innovatively proposes a machine learning model training method based on the monitoring of potential instability and landslide disasters.
  • the monitoring method for potential instability and landslide disasters provided by embodiments of the present invention is based on the process of monitoring data learning and simultaneously analyzes the deformation of geological bodies and regional meteorological data, determines the critical conditions for geological body instability from multiple angles, and improves Accuracy of trained models in identifying hazardous geological bodies.
  • geological disaster points that have occurred on site are used for reverse verification, and through the training of several models, the universal applicability of the present invention is improved.
  • the monitoring method for potential instability and landslide disasters includes the following steps:
  • S101 Delineate the geological disaster investigation range selected in the satellite images, and then deploy a landslide monitoring device on site based on satellite image feedback.
  • S102 conduct real-time monitoring of core elements of engineering geology (stratum lithology, meteorology, geotechnical parameters, hydrology, etc.), monitor deformation and stress during slope evolution, feed real-time data to the indoor satellite interpretation terminal, and
  • the established learning model is trained repeatedly to connect the migration elements of the on-site slope with the pixel changes in the satellite images, thereby enhancing the accuracy of satellite image interpretation.
  • S103 based on the pre-programmed safety threshold, monitor and warn on-site landslide disasters, provide local disaster prevention and reduction services, deeply integrate traffic disaster prevention and disaster prevention and rural construction disaster prevention and reduction, and reduce disaster prevention and reduction costs.
  • step S102 during machine learning, the machine is repeatedly trained by setting a data set of changes in key indicators such as slope, aspect, altitude, and rainfall.
  • key indicators such as slope, aspect, altitude, and rainfall.
  • the prediction and analysis of the occurrence of landslide disasters based on the neural network method, and the identification of wild landslide disasters based on this include:
  • the deformation state of the slope is judged, and the specific stability of the landslide is analyzed based on the deformation state and deformation rate, and based on this Accurately identify potentially unstable slopes.
  • Prediction process Based on a large number of identifications in the early stage, continuous training, repeated training based on data sets, and typical area identification combined with manual judgment to improve the accuracy of identification, and mature methods are used in the later stage to identify potential earthquake disasters.
  • the safety threshold is set in combination with the safety factor of the landslide disaster.
  • the safety factor is the ratio of the anti-sliding force or moment to the sliding force or moment.
  • the safety threshold is a function of the safety factor and is determined according to the change of the safety factor. The changing pattern of safety thresholds.
  • F N/T (F is generally the safety factor, N is the anti-skid force or anti-skid moment, KN; T is the sliding force or moment, KN.
  • the satellite image interpretation learning model is trained using monitoring data of potential instability and landslide disasters, which is completely different from the training basis of the traditional learning model.
  • the learning model can be used to analyze potential instability slopes in the later stage. Carry out accurate identification and improve the level of disaster prevention and reduction, breaking through the technical bottleneck of existing technology that only identifies existing disasters.
  • the proposed avalanche monitoring device based on satellite image feedback is improved on the basis of the traditional monitoring method.
  • the sensor layout such as displacement, stress, and pore pressure monitoring, hydrology, water chemistry, mineralogy, etc. are added.
  • the monitoring system for composition changes and other aspects can reveal the internal mechanism of landslide disaster formation from the perspective of material composition changes and groundwater seepage field changes. Its accuracy and reliability are significantly better than existing landslide monitoring technology methods.
  • the ultimate purpose of the monitoring device and method can be to realize monitoring and early warning of potential disasters, and can truly serve local disaster prevention and reduction work.
  • the main focus is on the content of clay minerals inside the geological body.
  • the increase of clay minerals is extremely detrimental to the stability of the geological body, and it is easy to cause landslide disasters under the action of induced factors such as groundwater or earthquakes. , producing disastrous effects.
  • the formation of clay minerals is closely related to changes in certain anions and cations and mineral components in groundwater, so from the material composition and The angle of groundwater change can reveal the intrinsic mechanism of geological disaster formation.
  • the monitoring method for potential instability and landslide disasters includes:
  • On-site monitoring select several typical disaster points in the study area to deploy monitoring devices.
  • Satellite image recognition, machine learning is performed based on monitoring data, and the learned model is used to use artificial intelligence to carry out accurate identification and batch identification of landslide disasters in the study area to serve disaster prevention and reduction.
  • the potentially unstable geological body is taken as the research object. Only when the geological body becomes unstable can landslides or collapse disasters occur.
  • the potentially unstable geological body is repeatedly monitored, and the on-site monitoring facilities developed in the present invention are used for processing.
  • traditional monitoring Data such as displacement, stress, meteorological data, etc., are also key components of later machine learning.
  • the device proposed by the present invention also accurately monitors phenomena such as the flow of surface water and the erosion of the surface of geological bodies.
  • the collapse monitoring device based on satellite film feedback provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes:
  • Composite monitoring box 1 this device contains many monitoring systems, which can monitor the chemical composition of groundwater, pore water pressure, horizontal displacement, horizontal stress and vertical stress, changes in mineral composition of the monitoring wall, etc., and integrates many sensors Integrated layout reduces the number of holes that need to be excavated during on-site monitoring. High integration can greatly improve installation efficiency. At the same time, the monitoring boxes are arranged vertically during the layout, so that relevant data at different depths can be obtained. When adjacent layers When the parameters change significantly, other data can be combined to comprehensively determine whether the geological body will undergo instability failure.
  • Data acquisition control system 2 is mainly used for the collection and summary of on-site data, and also has the function of preliminary data storage. It can cache the data collected on site and then transmit it using wireless transmission devices, and then summarize the data and transmit it to indoor satellite interpretation. Terminal and indoor satellite interpretation terminal perform repeated learning based on the collected data to realize landslide disaster identification based on artificial intelligence and improve the accuracy of disaster identification.
  • the system's specific data fusion and processing functions can compare and analyze the data collected by underground sensors and the data collected by weather stations, and establish connections through built-in algorithms for analysis and use by monitoring personnel.
  • Power supply system 3 This system mainly consists of two modules: solar power supply and wind energy power supply. It uses solar energy and wind energy to supplement power and has a power storage function to provide power to the entire monitoring system. Power supply system 3 adopts frequency conversion automatic control. When the same sensor When the parameter change is less than 0.1% for one consecutive week, the power supply system 3 will automatically cut off one-third of the power supply of the general sensor and keep it in the state of being tested. Once there is a fluctuating current fed back to the power supply system 3, the power supply system 3 will start immediately. The sensor is completely restored to normal after the power is supplied again. This process can reduce power consumption during monitoring. Repeated collection of general data has limited significance for later analysis. At the same time, it reduces the load of the memory. This is also set in the present invention and is significantly innovative and different. Turn on all sensors for monitoring at the same time compared to existing technology.
  • Slope top 4 needs to be simply flattened during monitoring.
  • Flow monitoring system 6 mainly monitors surface water flow at different locations on the slope.
  • the monitoring system is equipped with water storage barrels, and cooperates with relevant sensors to test and analyze the chemical composition and pH data of surface water. After collecting the flow data Integrate with meteorological data to analyze the relationship between flow and rainfall and other indicators at different locations.
  • Laser scanning monitoring system 7 The main function of this system is to conduct real-time monitoring and analysis of the erosion pattern of the slope surface. It can obtain data such as the erosion pattern at different positions on the slope surface, and calculate the erosion situation by comparing it with the original slope surface form. At the same time It can simply monitor the water flow and water level at the bottom of the ditch 5.
  • the system is also equipped with an early warning system, which mainly provides early warning of dangers. An alarm amplifier is set up to alarm, and the instructions are issued by the data acquisition control system 2.
  • the wireless transmission antenna 8 is mainly used in the process of data transmission and instruction reception.
  • the water level monitoring system 9 mainly monitors the water level and flow rate at the bottom of the ditch 5 in real time. After the data is transmitted to the data acquisition control system 2, it will be compared with rainfall and other data, and at the same time, it will be compared with the moisture sensors 1-8 and holes inside the slope. Through comparative analysis of pressure sensor values, the relationship between rainfall, flow rate and pore water pressure can be established, which lays the foundation for the instability determination of potentially unstable geological bodies.
  • the weather monitoring station 10 mainly conducts real-time monitoring of local meteorological indicators such as rainfall, temperature, humidity, wind direction, wind speed, air pressure, etc., stores and transmits the data, and finally transmits it to the data Data collection control system 2.
  • local meteorological indicators such as rainfall, temperature, humidity, wind direction, wind speed, air pressure, etc.
  • the composite monitoring box 1 includes:
  • Automatic shearing system 1-1 The main function of this system is to measure the mechanical parameters of rock and soil at a certain underground level. It is mainly based on the principle of the cross-plate shear meter. The initial and changing shear strength The parameters are monitored and analyzed in real time and sent to the data collector 1-3.
  • Loading device 1-2 the main function of this device is to provide loading function in shear test, and at the same time it can control the penetration depth of shear plate. Since each shear will form a new shear zone, it needs to be added in later shearing. The shear plate performs secondary shear or multiple shears by loading deep into the unsheared soil, ensuring accurate test results.
  • the main function of the data collector 1-3 is to summarize and store the data in the entire monitoring box and transmit the data to the data acquisition control system 2.
  • the box wall material has a certain stiffness and is waterproof, which is obtained through customized processing.
  • Water chemistry monitoring sensors 1-5 mainly monitor the water chemistry properties of the layer. If the rock layer is below the groundwater level, the sensor can be tested directly. If the rock layer where the sensor is located is above the groundwater level, the sensor monitors the water migration process.
  • the chemical composition of water in water including parameters such as anions and cations and pH value.
  • Pore water pressure sensors 1-6 mainly monitor the pore water pressure in the rock and soil mass of this layer, and provide core parameters for the effective stress calculation of the entire rock and soil mass.
  • Mineral composition monitoring sensors 1-7 monitor and analyze the mineral composition of this layer, such as clay minerals, quartz, feldspar, etc.
  • Moisture sensors 1-8 mainly monitor the moisture content of this layer and can reflect moisture migration and other conditions within the rock and soil mass.
  • Horizontal displacement monitoring sensors 1-9 When the rock and soil mass undergoes horizontal displacement, the entire monitoring box will be squeezed. Based on this, horizontal displacement monitoring is performed to obtain horizontal displacement and deformation indicators.
  • the flow monitoring system 6 includes:
  • Seepage solute test sensor 6-1 mainly monitors the chemical components of surface water, including the types and contents of anions and cations in surface water.
  • the water temperature monitoring sensor 6-2 mainly monitors the temperature of surface water in real time.
  • the pH monitoring sensor 6-3 mainly monitors the pH of surface water and can obtain data on changes in the chemical environment of surface water.
  • Anti-siltation and flushing system 6-4 the main function of this system is to flush the monitoring water tank 6-9 regularly, and use the flushing force to flush out the remaining solid matter at the bottom to ensure the normal use of the water tank.
  • the water inlet of the water storage tank is 6-5. Its main function is to let water enter the water storage tank. It has a built-in electromagnetic valve that can automatically close or open the valve as needed.
  • Water inlet 6-6 the water inlet of flow monitoring system 6, allows groundwater to enter the channel of the system.
  • the data memory 6-8 mainly collects and stores the data collected by the sensors in the flow monitoring system 6, and finally transmits the data to the data acquisition control system 2 in Figure 3.
  • Monitoring water tanks 6-9 mainly serve various surface water monitoring sensors. They install sensors fixedly and store water for testing to ensure good stability of test results.
  • the water tank overflow channel 6-10 monitors the water tank 6-9 and can be discharged through this channel if there is too much water.
  • Flow monitoring sensors 6-11 mainly monitor the surface water flow at the monitoring location and provide basic data for subsequent slope erosion analysis.
  • Particle composition monitoring system 6-12 The main function of this system is to test the soil particles carried in the surface water at the monitoring location to obtain the particle size of the material components carried in the water.
  • the system has an automatic flushing function. After each test, the system Automatically flush the remaining particles at the bottom to ensure the cleanliness of the flow channel.
  • each functional unit and module can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.
  • the above-mentioned integrated unit can be hardware-based. It can also be implemented in the form of software functional units.
  • the monitoring device provided by the embodiment of the present invention is used to investigate the geological disasters in the Bailongjiang River Basin.
  • the Bailongjiang River Basin is selected using satellite images.
  • Several typical disaster points are selected in this basin to deploy on-site monitoring devices and place the on-site
  • the monitoring data is collected, sorted and imported into the indoor terminal. Based on the changes in slope stress, displacement and other data collected on site, the critical values of key indicators such as slope and rainfall are found.
  • This data is input into the system and the learning model is repeatedly trained.
  • the landslide disaster here can be regarded as a typical disaster point.
  • model training key pixels are extracted from the satellite images, and the pixels are connected with the changes in displacement, stress and other indicators monitored on site, and then the training is used
  • the model can identify other similar disaster points in the entire basin, which can greatly save manpower and material resources.
  • the monitoring method provided by the embodiment of the present invention runs on a computer device.
  • the computer device includes: at least one processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the at least one processor.
  • the processor The steps in any of the above method embodiments are implemented when the computer program is executed.
  • the monitoring method provided by the embodiment of the present invention runs on a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program.
  • the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in each of the above method embodiments can be implemented.
  • the monitoring method provided by the embodiment of the present invention runs on an information data processing terminal.
  • the information data processing terminal is used to provide a user input interface to implement the steps in the above method embodiments when executed on an electronic device.
  • Data processing terminals are not limited to mobile phones, computers, and switches.
  • the monitoring method provided by the embodiment of the present invention runs on a server, and the server is used to provide a user input interface to implement the steps in the above method embodiments when executed on an electronic device.
  • the monitoring method provided by the embodiment of the present invention runs on a computer program product.
  • the steps in each of the above method embodiments can be implemented when the electronic device is executed.
  • the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the present invention can implement all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments by instructing relevant hardware through a computer program.
  • the computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer program When executed by a processor, the steps of each of the above method embodiments may be implemented.
  • the computer program includes computer program code, which may be in the form of source code, object code, executable file or some intermediate form.
  • the computer-readable medium may at least include: any entity or device capable of carrying computer program code to the camera device/terminal device, recording media, computer memory, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), electrical carrier signals, telecommunications signals, and software distribution media.
  • any entity or device capable of carrying computer program code to the camera device/terminal device recording media, computer memory, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), electrical carrier signals, telecommunications signals, and software distribution media.
  • ROM read-only memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • electrical carrier signals telecommunications signals
  • software distribution media for example, U disk, mobile hard disk, magnetic disk or CD, etc.
  • the monitoring device and method provided by the embodiments of the present invention comprehensively apply air-space-ground integration technology to monitor and identify avalanche disasters during use.
  • avalanche disasters satellites are used for precise positioning and combined with ground real-time monitoring for identification.
  • Indoor terminals After collecting and summarizing data, it learns and issues recognition instructions to improve the accuracy of the entire recognition technology.
  • remote sensing geology, disaster geology, sensing technology and other contents are effectively integrated, multi-disciplinary cross-fertilization and mutual verification are carried out to promote The functions of the entire monitoring system have been greatly improved, and the efficiency has been greatly improved.
  • landslide Use satellite images to identify a landslide on site, initially determine the scope of the landslide, conduct on-site monitoring, and focus on analyzing changes in groundwater and material composition.
  • the occurrence of landslides is the result of the formation of a landslide zone, which is formed by rock formations at a certain depth within the landslide body. Macroscopic performance after soil mechanical indicators (cohesion and friction) are reduced.

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Abstract

A satellite image feedback-based landslide monitoring apparatus and method, a terminal, a device, and a medium, which relate to the technical field of geological disaster data monitoring. The monitoring method comprises: delineating a geological disaster investigation range selected in a satellite image, and on said basis, arranging a satellite image feedback-based landslide monitoring apparatus on site; monitoring deformation and stress in slope evolution, feeding back real-time data to an indoor satellite image interpretation terminal, carrying out repeated training on the established learning model, and establishing a relationship between a migration element of an on-site slope and pixel change in the satellite image; and monitoring and issuing early warning for an on-site landslide disaster on the basis of a preprogrammed safety threshold value. In the described monitoring method, information related to disaster-prone areas, including geological strata, geological structures, surface erosion, meteorological conditions, and groundwater is systematically monitored. Typical characteristics of the monitored disaster points are provided from an engineering geological perspective and such features are integrated into specific indicators such as strain and stress, thereby establishing a relationship between deformation and stress indicators and pixel change in the satellite image.

Description

基于卫片反馈的崩滑监测装置、方法、终端、设备及介质Collapse monitoring devices, methods, terminals, equipment and media based on satellite imaging feedback
本申请要求于2022年05月16日提交中国专利局、申请号为202210526838.9、发明名称为“基于卫片反馈的崩滑监测装置、方法、终端、设备及介质”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。This application requests the priority of the Chinese patent application submitted to the China Patent Office on May 16, 2022, with the application number 202210526838.9 and the invention title "Avalanche monitoring device, method, terminal, equipment and medium based on satellite image feedback", The entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
技术领域Technical field
本发明属于地质灾害数据监测技术领域，具体涉及基于卫片反馈的崩滑监测装置、方法、终端、设备及介质。The invention belongs to the technical field of geological disaster data monitoring, and specifically relates to landslide monitoring devices, methods, terminals, equipment and media based on satellite image feedback.
背景技术Background technique
山区地质灾害主要以崩塌、滑坡、泥石流为主，已对不同地质灾害的成因机制和防治措施等进行了***研究，但地质灾害的早期识别对于灾害的预防发挥着举足轻重的作用。当前使用的较多的方法为对已发生的灾害进行现场监测，防止灾害的致灾范围进一步扩大，对潜在不稳定灾害点的排查主要通过人工进行粗略排查。人工排查中由于地形地貌的复杂性、工作人员的经验积累等因素影响，致使一些可能形成致灾效应的灾害点被忽略，且对于一定区域来说，人工排查成本过高，还不能够完全覆盖。Geological disasters in mountainous areas are mainly collapses, landslides, and debris flows. Systematic research has been conducted on the cause mechanisms and prevention measures of different geological disasters. However, the early identification of geological disasters plays a decisive role in disaster prevention. The most commonly used method currently is to conduct on-site monitoring of existing disasters to prevent further expansion of the scope of disasters. The investigation of potential unstable disaster points is mainly through manual rough inspection. During manual inspections, due to factors such as the complexity of the terrain and the accumulated experience of the staff, some disaster points that may cause disaster effects are ignored. For certain areas, the cost of manual inspections is too high and cannot be fully covered. .
部分单位采用卫星照片进行排查，该方法从宏观应用上讲，适用性被扩大，需要人工利用卫片进行解译即可，相对成本大大节约，且工作效率大大提高。但卫片解译中需要一定的工作经验，致使其普适性大大降低，即使经验丰富的工作人员，在解译的过程中也极其容易出错，主要由于不同地质灾害的赋存环境不同，且赋存环境一直处于变化中，增加了地质灾害的复杂性。现有技术中通过多源多时相高分卫星数据进行山区地质灾害识别，通过无人机影像和DEM结合进行山区地质灾害识别，通过无人机倾斜摄影测量的实景三维建模方法进行地质灾害识别，多次测量观测现场崩滑灾害的变形情况，进而进行识别。Some units use satellite photos for investigation. From a macro perspective, the applicability of this method has been expanded. It only requires manual interpretation of satellite photos. The relative cost is greatly saved, and the work efficiency is greatly improved. However, satellite image interpretation requires a certain amount of work experience, which greatly reduces its universality. Even experienced staff are extremely prone to errors during the interpretation process, mainly due to the different occurrence environments of different geological disasters, and The occurrence environment is always changing, increasing the complexity of geological disasters. In the existing technology, geological disasters in mountainous areas are identified through multi-source and multi-temporal high-resolution satellite data, geological disasters in mountainous areas are identified through the combination of UAV images and DEM, and geological disasters are identified through real-life three-dimensional modeling methods of UAV oblique photogrammetry. , measure and observe the deformation conditions of on-site landslide disasters multiple times, and then identify them.
通过上述分析，现有技术存在的问题及缺陷为：现有技术中高分卫星影响进行地质灾害识别过程中，主要通过现场调查与卫片相结合的方式进行卫片上地质灾害解译，该方法存在的关键问题是在地质灾害识别中均是已经发生的地质灾害，对于潜在失稳边坡和崩塌等灾害无法判别，即只能 识别已经产生致灾效应的崩滑灾害，此外，由于人工调查一些区域无法到达，导致一些灾害仍然无法找到，卫片上也无法解译，据此训练的学习模型在卫片地质灾害解译中也存在较大的局限性。Through the above analysis, the problems and defects existing in the existing technology are as follows: In the process of identifying geological hazards affected by high-resolution satellites in the existing technology, the interpretation of geological hazards on satellite images is mainly carried out through a combination of on-site surveys and satellite images. This method exists The key issue is that in geological disaster identification, all geological disasters have already occurred. It is impossible to identify disasters such as potential unstable slopes and collapses, that is, only Identify landslide disasters that have produced disaster-causing effects. In addition, due to the inaccessibility of some areas through manual surveys, some disasters still cannot be found and cannot be interpreted on satellite images. The learning model trained based on this is also used in the interpretation of geological hazards on satellite images. There are major limitations.
利用无人机影像进行地质灾害识别，存在的关键问题还是只能识别已经发生的崩滑灾害，对于即将发生的潜在灾害无法识别，且无人机只能对单体滑坡进行识别，对于一定的区域的地质灾害调查，则无人机产生成本较高，且耗时量大大增加，后期室内图像处理的工作量大大增加。The key problem with using drone images to identify geological disasters is that they can only identify landslide disasters that have already occurred, but cannot identify upcoming potential disasters. Moreover, drones can only identify single landslides. For certain landslides, For regional geological disaster surveys, the production cost of drones is high, and the time consumption is greatly increased, and the workload of later indoor image processing is greatly increased.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为克服相关技术中存在的问题，本发明公开实施例提供了一种基于卫片反馈的崩滑监测装置、方法、终端、设备及介质。提高了边坡监测的准确性和可靠性，节约了成本。In order to overcome the problems existing in related technologies, disclosed embodiments of the present invention provide a landslide monitoring device, method, terminal, equipment and medium based on satellite image feedback. It improves the accuracy and reliability of slope monitoring and saves costs.
所述技术方案如下：一种基于卫片反馈的崩滑监测装置包括：复合监测箱，用于对地下水化学成分、孔隙水压力、水平向位移、水平向应力和垂向应力、监测壁矿物成分变化指标进行监测，获得地质体不同深度位置的相关数据；The technical solution is as follows: a landslide monitoring device based on satellite feedback includes: a composite monitoring box, used to monitor the chemical composition of groundwater, pore water pressure, horizontal displacement, horizontal stress and vertical stress, and monitor wall mineral composition Monitor the change indicators and obtain relevant data at different depths of the geological body;
数据采集控制***，用于现场数据的采集、汇总、存储，将现场采集的数据缓存后利用无线传输装置进行传输，将数据汇总后传输至室内卫片解译终端；The data acquisition control system is used for the collection, summary, and storage of on-site data. It caches the data collected on site and transmits it using wireless transmission devices. The data is summarized and transmitted to the indoor satellite interpretation terminal;
流量监测***，用于对坡面不同位置的地表水流量进行监测，以及对地表水的化学成分和pH数据进行测试分析，将流量数据采集后与气象资料进行整合，分析不同位置的流量与降雨量指标；The flow monitoring system is used to monitor the surface water flow at different locations on the slope, and to test and analyze the chemical composition and pH data of the surface water. It collects the flow data and integrates it with meteorological data to analyze the flow and rainfall at different locations. Quantitative indicators;
激光扫描监测***，用于对坡面的冲刷形态进行实时监测分析，获取坡面不同位置处的冲刷形态数据，通过与原始坡面形态比对后计算冲刷情况，对沟底的水流和水位进行监测，对出现的险情进行预警；The laser scanning monitoring system is used to conduct real-time monitoring and analysis of the erosion pattern of the slope surface, obtain the erosion pattern data at different positions on the slope surface, calculate the erosion situation by comparing it with the original slope surface form, and analyze the water flow and water level at the bottom of the ditch. Monitor and provide early warning of dangerous situations;
水位监测***，用于对沟底的水位和流量进行实时监测，传输至数据采集控制***后与降雨量数据比对，同时与坡体内部的水分传感器及孔压传感器数值进行比对分析，获取降雨量-流量-孔隙水压力的关系。The water level monitoring system is used to monitor the water level and flow rate at the bottom of the ditch in real time. After transmitting it to the data acquisition control system, it is compared with the rainfall data. At the same time, it is compared and analyzed with the moisture sensor and pore pressure sensor values inside the slope to obtain Rainfall-flow-pore water pressure relationship.
可选地，所述基于卫片反馈的崩滑监测装置还包括：供电***，由太阳能供电和风能供电两个模块组成，利用太阳能和风能进行电量补充，向整个监测***进行供电； Optionally, the avalanche monitoring device based on satellite image feedback also includes: a power supply system, which is composed of two modules: solar power supply and wind energy power supply, which uses solar energy and wind energy to supplement power and provide power to the entire monitoring system;
所述供电***采用变频自动控制，当同一传感器连续一周变化参数≤0.1％时，自动切断通类传感器三分之一的电源，保持待测状态，有波动电流反馈至供电***后，则供电***开始重新供电，传感器恢复正常。The power supply system adopts frequency conversion automatic control. When the parameters of the same sensor change ≤0.1% for one consecutive week, one-third of the power supply of the general sensor will be automatically cut off and maintained in the state to be measured. After the fluctuating current is fed back to the power supply system, the power supply system will Start powering again and the sensor returns to normal.
可选地，所述基于卫片反馈的崩滑监测装置还包括：Optionally, the collapse monitoring device based on satellite imaging feedback also includes:
无线传输天线，用于数据传输和指令接收；Wireless transmission antenna for data transmission and instruction reception;
气象监测站，用于对当地的降雨量、温度、湿度、风向、风速、气压气象指标进行实时监测，并对数据进行存储和传输，最终传输至数据采集控制***。The meteorological monitoring station is used to monitor local rainfall, temperature, humidity, wind direction, wind speed, and air pressure meteorological indicators in real time, store and transmit the data, and finally transmit it to the data acquisition and control system.
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种潜在失稳崩滑灾害的监测方法包括以下步骤：Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for monitoring potential instability and landslide disasters, which includes the following steps:
步骤一，在卫片中选定的地质灾害调查范围进行圈定，在此基础上现场布设基于卫片反馈的崩滑监测装置；Step 1: Delineate the geological disaster survey scope selected in the satellite images, and then deploy on-site avalanche monitoring devices based on satellite image feedback;
步骤二，对边坡演化中的变形和应力进行监测，将实时数据反馈至室内卫片解译终端，对建立的学习模型进行反复训练，将现场边坡的运移要素与卫片中的像素变化建立联系；Step 2: Monitor the deformation and stress in the evolution of the slope, feed back the real-time data to the indoor satellite image interpretation terminal, repeatedly train the established learning model, and combine the migration elements of the on-site slope with the pixels in the satellite image. Change creates connections;
步骤三，基于预先编程设定的安全阈值，对现场崩滑灾害进行监测预警。Step 3: Based on the pre-programmed safety threshold, monitor and warn on-site landslide disasters.
在一个实施例中，在步骤一中，利用对潜在失稳崩滑灾害的监测数据进行卫片解译学习模型进行训练学习，利用学习模型对潜在失稳边坡进行识别。In one embodiment, in step one, the satellite image interpretation learning model is trained using monitoring data of potential instability and landslide disasters, and the learning model is used to identify potential instability slopes.
在步骤二中，机器学习中，通过设置坡度、坡向及海拔高度及降雨量等关键指标的变化的数据集，对机器进行反复训练，基于神经网络法对滑坡灾害的发生进行预测分析，据此进行野外崩滑灾害的识别；学习模型为：M＝F(x1,x2,x3….)，x1、x2、x3分别为坡度、坡向、降雨量关键指标；In step two, in machine learning, the machine is repeatedly trained by setting a data set of changes in key indicators such as slope, aspect, altitude, and rainfall, and the occurrence of landslide disasters is predicted and analyzed based on the neural network method. According to This is used to identify landslide hazards in the wild; the learning model is: M=F(x1,x2,x3….), x1, x2, and x3 are key indicators of slope, slope aspect, and rainfall respectively;
在步骤三中，安全阈值的设定结合崩滑灾害的安全系数确定，安全系数为抗滑力或力矩与下滑力或力矩的比值，安全阈值即为安全系数的函数，根据安全系数的变化确定安全阈值的变化规律。In step three, the safety threshold is set in combination with the safety factor of the landslide disaster. The safety factor is the ratio of the anti-sliding force or moment to the sliding force or moment. The safety threshold is a function of the safety factor and is determined according to the change of the safety factor. The changing pattern of safety thresholds.
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种室内卫片解译终端，用于实施所述的潜在失稳崩滑灾害的监测方法。Another object of the present invention is to provide an indoor satellite video interpretation terminal for implementing the monitoring method of potential instability and landslide disasters.
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种接收用户输入程序存储介质，所存储 的计算机程序使电子设备执行所述的潜在失稳崩滑灾害的监测方法。Another object of the present invention is to provide a program storage medium for receiving user input, which stores The computer program causes the electronic device to perform the monitoring method for potential instability and landslide disasters.
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种计算机设备，所述计算机设备包括存储器和处理器，所述存储器存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被所述处理器执行时，使得所述处理器执行所述的潜在失稳崩滑灾害的监测方法。Another object of the present invention is to provide a computer device. The computer device includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by the processor, the computer program causes the processor to execute the Monitoring methods for potential instability and landslide disasters described above.
结合上述的所有技术方案，本发明所具备的优点及积极效果为：Combined with all the above technical solutions, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:
第一、针对上述现有技术存在的技术问题以及解决该问题的难度，紧密结合本发明的所要保护的技术方案以及研发过程中结果和数据等，详细、深刻地分析本发明技术方案如何解决的技术问题，解决问题之后带来的一些具备创造性的技术效果。具体描述如下：First, in view of the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned existing technologies and the difficulty of solving the problems, closely combine the technical solutions to be protected by the present invention and the results and data in the research and development process, etc., to conduct a detailed and profound analysis of how to solve the technical solutions of the present invention. Technical problems, and some creative technical effects brought about by solving the problems. The specific description is as follows:
本发明中通过提供一种基于卫片反馈的崩滑监测装置及技术方法，首先在卫片中选定的地质灾害调查范围进行圈定，在此基础上现场布设监测设备，本发明中的监测技术方法能够对工程地质核心要素(地层岩性、气象、岩土参数、水文等)进行实时监测，一方面对边坡演化中的变形和应力进行监测，将实时数据反馈至室内卫片解译终端，对建立的学习模型进行反复训练，将现场边坡的运移要素与卫片中的像素变化建立联系，进而增强卫片解译的准确性；另一方面，基于预先编程设定的安全阈值，对现场崩滑灾害进行监测预警，给当地的防灾减灾服务，将交通防灾减灾与乡村建设防灾减灾深度融合，降低防灾减灾成本。In the present invention, by providing a landslide monitoring device and technical method based on satellite image feedback, the geological disaster survey range selected in the satellite image is first delineated, and on this basis, monitoring equipment is deployed on site. The monitoring technology in the present invention The method can conduct real-time monitoring of the core elements of engineering geology (stratum lithology, meteorology, geotechnical parameters, hydrology, etc.). On the one hand, it can monitor the deformation and stress in the slope evolution and feed the real-time data to the indoor satellite interpretation terminal. , repeatedly train the established learning model to connect the migration elements of the on-site slope with the pixel changes in the satellite images, thereby enhancing the accuracy of satellite interpretation; on the other hand, based on the pre-programmed safety threshold , monitor and early warn on-site landslide disasters, provide local disaster prevention and reduction services, deeply integrate transportation disaster prevention and disaster reduction with rural construction disaster prevention and reduction, and reduce disaster prevention and reduction costs.
该方面技术的应用，能够对潜在失稳边坡进行监测，主要解决了无法在卫片中识别即将发生的地质灾害的问题，另外，本发明中提供的技术最终落脚点依然是基于大数据人工智能识别方法的应用，该技术的建立对基于卫片识别崩滑地质灾害方面可以提供重要的支撑，提高工作效率，同时节约地灾识别成本。The application of this technology can monitor potentially unstable slopes, which mainly solves the problem of being unable to identify impending geological disasters in satellite images. In addition, the technology provided in the present invention is still based on big data artificial intelligence. The application of intelligent identification methods and the establishment of this technology can provide important support for identifying landslide geological disasters based on satellite images, improve work efficiency, and save the cost of geological disaster identification.
第二，把技术方案看作一个整体或者从产品的角度，本发明所要保护的技术方案具备的技术效果和优点，具体描述如下：Second, considering the technical solution as a whole or from a product perspective, the technical effects and advantages of the technical solution to be protected by the present invention are described in detail as follows:
本发明针对上述方法的不足，提出一种基于卫片反馈的崩滑监测装置及方法，通过卫片选取典型灾害点，在典型灾害点进行监测，将监测信息再反馈至室内解译终端进行解译，提高卫片解译结果的准确性。In view of the shortcomings of the above method, the present invention proposes a landslide monitoring device and method based on satellite image feedback. Typical disaster points are selected through satellite images, monitoring is performed at the typical disaster points, and the monitoring information is fed back to the indoor interpretation terminal for interpretation. Translation to improve the accuracy of interpretation results of satellite films.
本发明一方面将典型灾害点的现场信息及时反馈至室内卫片解译终端，便于解译工作的顺利开展，另一方面，本发明中的监测装置，除监测 灾害的一般位移、应力变化特征外，对灾害的地层岩性、地质结构、表面冲刷、气象、地下水等信息进行***监测，从工程地质角度给出被监测灾害点的典型特征，将这些特征融如应变、应力等具体指标中，将变形和应力指标与卫片中像素变化建立联系，更加精准地对潜在灾害点进行解译，有效提高灾害排查的准确性和可靠性。此外，基于监测的准确信息结合人工智能对室内解译方法进行机器学习，后期利用人工智能方法进行典型灾害点的卫片解译，大大提高工作效率。On the one hand, the present invention feeds back the on-site information of typical disaster points to the indoor satellite interpretation terminal in a timely manner to facilitate the smooth development of the interpretation work. On the other hand, the monitoring device in the present invention, in addition to monitoring In addition to the general displacement and stress change characteristics of disasters, the disaster's stratigraphic lithology, geological structure, surface erosion, meteorology, groundwater and other information are systematically monitored, and the typical characteristics of the monitored disaster points are given from the perspective of engineering geology, and these characteristics are integrated For example, among specific indicators such as strain and stress, the deformation and stress indicators are linked to the pixel changes in satellite images to more accurately interpret potential disaster points, effectively improving the accuracy and reliability of disaster investigation. In addition, based on accurate monitoring information combined with artificial intelligence, machine learning is performed on indoor interpretation methods. Later, artificial intelligence methods are used to interpret satellite images of typical disaster spots, which greatly improves work efficiency.
第三，作为本发明的权利要求的创造性辅助证据，还体现在本发明的技术方案填补了国内外业内技术空白：本发明的实施给地质灾害调查带来了极大的便利性，节约大量的人力物力，同时能够进行区域范围内的地质灾害调查和排查，对于公路工程和工民建工程的安全建设和运营提供了重要的支撑。同时本发明的技术有利于融入现在的智慧交通信息***中，弥补该方面的空白。Third, as auxiliary evidence of creativity in the claims of the present invention, it is also reflected in the fact that the technical solution of the present invention fills the technical gaps in the industry at home and abroad: the implementation of the present invention brings great convenience to geological disaster investigation and saves a lot of time. It has human and material resources and can conduct regional geological hazard surveys and investigations, which provides important support for the safe construction and operation of highway projects and industrial and civil construction projects. At the same time, the technology of the present invention is beneficial to be integrated into the current smart traffic information system and fill the gaps in this aspect.
说明书附图Instructions with pictures
图1是本发明实施例提供的潜在失稳崩滑灾害的监测方法流程图；Figure 1 is a flow chart of a monitoring method for potential instability and landslide disasters provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图2是本发明实施例提供的潜在失稳崩滑灾害的监测方法原理图；Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a monitoring method for potential instability and landslide disasters provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图3是本发明实施例提供的基于卫片反馈的崩滑监测装置示意图；Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a collapse monitoring device based on satellite film feedback provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图4是本发明实施例提供的复合监测箱示意图；Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a composite monitoring box provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图5是本发明实施例提供的流量监测***示意图。Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a flow monitoring system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
图中：1、复合监测箱；1-1、自动剪切***；1-2、加载装置；1-3、数据采集器；1-4、综合监测器；1-5、水化学监测传感器；1-6、孔隙水压力传感器；1-7、矿物成分监测传感器；1-8、水分传感器；1-9、水平位移监测传感器；1-10、竖向位移监测***；2、数据采集控制***；3、供电***；4、坡顶；5、沟底；6、流量监测***；6-1、渗流溶质测试传感器；6-2、水温度监测传感器；6-3、pH监测传感器；6-4、防淤冲刷***；6-5、储水箱入水口；6-6、进水口；6-7、出水口；6-8、数据存储器；6-9、监测水箱；6-10、水箱溢水通道；6-11、流量监测传感器；6-12、颗粒成分监测***；7、激光扫描监测***；8、无线传输天线；9、水位监测***；10、气象监测站。In the picture: 1. Composite monitoring box; 1-1, automatic shearing system; 1-2, loading device; 1-3, data collector; 1-4, comprehensive monitor; 1-5, water chemistry monitoring sensor; 1-6. Pore water pressure sensor; 1-7. Mineral composition monitoring sensor; 1-8. Moisture sensor; 1-9. Horizontal displacement monitoring sensor; 1-10. Vertical displacement monitoring system; 2. Data acquisition control system ;3. Power supply system; 4. Slope top; 5. Ditch bottom; 6. Flow monitoring system; 6-1. Seepage solute testing sensor; 6-2. Water temperature monitoring sensor; 6-3. pH monitoring sensor; 6- 4. Anti-siltation and scour system; 6-5. Water inlet of water storage tank; 6-6. Water inlet; 6-7. Water outlet; 6-8. Data memory; 6-9. Monitoring water tank; 6-10. Water tank overflow Channel; 6-11. Flow monitoring sensor; 6-12. Particle composition monitoring system; 7. Laser scanning monitoring system; 8. Wireless transmission antenna; 9. Water level monitoring system; 10. Meteorological monitoring station.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式做详细的说明。在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明。但是本发明能够以很多不同于在此描述的其他方式来实施，本领域技术人员可以在不违背本发明内涵的情况下做类似改进，因此本发明不受下面公开的具体实施的限制。In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described here. Those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific implementation disclosed below.
一、解释说明实施例：1. Explanation of Examples:
本发明实施例提供的潜在失稳崩滑灾害的监测方法创新提出一种基于潜在失稳崩滑灾害监测进行机器学习模型训练方法。The monitoring method for potential instability and landslide disasters provided by the embodiment of the present invention innovatively proposes a machine learning model training method based on the monitoring of potential instability and landslide disasters.
同时创新的提出了一种基于卫片反馈的崩滑监测装置，利用岩性力学条件变化、地下水渗流、水化学、矿物成分等要素的分析，使得崩滑灾害判别的准确度大大提高。At the same time, an innovative landslide monitoring device based on satellite imaging feedback is proposed, which uses the analysis of changes in lithological mechanical conditions, groundwater seepage, water chemistry, mineral composition and other factors to greatly improve the accuracy of landslide disaster identification.
本发明实施例提供的潜在失稳崩滑灾害的监测方法基于监测数据学习的过程中同时对地质体的变形和区域气象资料等进行分析，从多个角度确定地质体失稳的临界条件，提高训练模型识别危险地质体的准确性。识别的过程中用现场已经发生的地质灾害点进行反向验证，通过几个模型的训练，提高本发明的普适性。The monitoring method for potential instability and landslide disasters provided by embodiments of the present invention is based on the process of monitoring data learning and simultaneously analyzes the deformation of geological bodies and regional meteorological data, determines the critical conditions for geological body instability from multiple angles, and improves Accuracy of trained models in identifying hazardous geological bodies. During the identification process, geological disaster points that have occurred on site are used for reverse verification, and through the training of several models, the universal applicability of the present invention is improved.
实施例1Example 1
如图1所示，本发明实施例提供的潜在失稳崩滑灾害的监测方法包括以下步骤：As shown in Figure 1, the monitoring method for potential instability and landslide disasters provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
S101，在卫片中选定的地质灾害调查范围进行圈定，在此基础上现场布设基于卫片反馈的崩滑监测装置。S101: Delineate the geological disaster investigation range selected in the satellite images, and then deploy a landslide monitoring device on site based on satellite image feedback.
S102，对工程地质核心要素(地层岩性、气象、岩土参数、水文等)进行实时监测，对边坡演化中的变形和应力进行监测，将实时数据反馈至室内卫片解译终端，对建立的学习模型进行反复训练，将现场边坡的运移要素与卫片中的像素变化建立联系，进而增强卫片解译的准确性。S102, conduct real-time monitoring of core elements of engineering geology (stratum lithology, meteorology, geotechnical parameters, hydrology, etc.), monitor deformation and stress during slope evolution, feed real-time data to the indoor satellite interpretation terminal, and The established learning model is trained repeatedly to connect the migration elements of the on-site slope with the pixel changes in the satellite images, thereby enhancing the accuracy of satellite image interpretation.
S103，基于预先编程设定的安全阈值，对现场崩滑灾害进行监测预警，给当地的防灾减灾服务，将交通防灾减灾与乡村建设防灾减灾深度融合，降低防灾减灾成本。S103, based on the pre-programmed safety threshold, monitor and warn on-site landslide disasters, provide local disaster prevention and reduction services, deeply integrate traffic disaster prevention and disaster prevention and rural construction disaster prevention and reduction, and reduce disaster prevention and reduction costs.
在步骤S102中，机器学习中，通过设置坡度、坡向及海拔高度及降雨量等关键指标的变化的数据集，对机器进行反复训练，基于神经网络法 对滑坡灾害的发生进行预测分析，据此进行野外崩滑灾害的识别。学习模型为：M＝F(x1,x2,x3….)，x1、x2、x3分别为坡度、坡向、降雨量等关键指标。In step S102, during machine learning, the machine is repeatedly trained by setting a data set of changes in key indicators such as slope, aspect, altitude, and rainfall. Based on the neural network method Predict and analyze the occurrence of landslide disasters, and identify landslide disasters in the wild based on this. The learning model is: M=F(x1,x2,x3….), where x1, x2, and x3 are key indicators such as slope, aspect, and rainfall respectively.
所述基于神经网络法对滑坡灾害的发生进行预测分析，据此进行野外崩滑灾害的识别包括：The prediction and analysis of the occurrence of landslide disasters based on the neural network method, and the identification of wild landslide disasters based on this include:
根据现场监测获取的坡度、坡向以及降雨量等指标的具体变化情况，结合遥感卫片中的位移情况判断边坡的变形状态，根据变形状态和变形率分析滑坡的具体稳定情况，据此进行准确识别潜在失稳边坡。Based on the specific changes in indicators such as slope, slope aspect, and rainfall obtained through on-site monitoring, combined with the displacement in remote sensing satellite films, the deformation state of the slope is judged, and the specific stability of the landslide is analyzed based on the deformation state and deformation rate, and based on this Accurately identify potentially unstable slopes.
预测过程：前期大量识别的基础上，不断训练，基于数据集进行反复训练，并经过典型区识别结合人工判别提高识别的精度，后期利用成熟的方法进行潜在地灾识别。Prediction process: Based on a large number of identifications in the early stage, continuous training, repeated training based on data sets, and typical area identification combined with manual judgment to improve the accuracy of identification, and mature methods are used in the later stage to identify potential earthquake disasters.
在步骤S103中，安全阈值的设定结合崩滑灾害的安全系数确定，安全系数为抗滑力或力矩与下滑力或力矩的比值，安全阈值即为安全系数的函数，根据安全系数的变化确定安全阈值的变化规律。In step S103, the safety threshold is set in combination with the safety factor of the landslide disaster. The safety factor is the ratio of the anti-sliding force or moment to the sliding force or moment. The safety threshold is a function of the safety factor and is determined according to the change of the safety factor. The changing pattern of safety thresholds.
F＝N/T(F一般为安全系数，N为抗滑力或者抗滑力矩，KN；T为下滑力或力矩，KN。F=N/T (F is generally the safety factor, N is the anti-skid force or anti-skid moment, KN; T is the sliding force or moment, KN.
在本发明实施例中，利用对潜在失稳崩滑灾害的监测数据进行卫片解译学***，突破了现有技术仅对已有灾害进行识别的技术瓶颈。In the embodiment of the present invention, the satellite image interpretation learning model is trained using monitoring data of potential instability and landslide disasters, which is completely different from the training basis of the traditional learning model. The learning model can be used to analyze potential instability slopes in the later stage. Carry out accurate identification and improve the level of disaster prevention and reduction, breaking through the technical bottleneck of existing technology that only identifies existing disasters.
在本发明实施例中，提出的基于卫片反馈的崩滑监测装置在传统监测方法的基础上进行了改进，除位移、应力、孔压监测等传感器布设外，增设了水文、水化学、矿物成分变化等方面的监测***，从物质成分变化及地下水渗流场变化角度揭示崩滑灾害形成的内在机制，精确度和可靠性明显优于现有的滑坡监测技术方法。该监测装置及方法的最终目的可实现潜在灾害的监测预警，可真正地为当地的防灾减灾工作服务。In the embodiment of the present invention, the proposed avalanche monitoring device based on satellite image feedback is improved on the basis of the traditional monitoring method. In addition to the sensor layout such as displacement, stress, and pore pressure monitoring, hydrology, water chemistry, mineralogy, etc. are added. The monitoring system for composition changes and other aspects can reveal the internal mechanism of landslide disaster formation from the perspective of material composition changes and groundwater seepage field changes. Its accuracy and reliability are significantly better than existing landslide monitoring technology methods. The ultimate purpose of the monitoring device and method can be to realize monitoring and early warning of potential disasters, and can truly serve local disaster prevention and reduction work.
在本发明实施例中，物质成分变化方面，主要关注地质体内部黏土矿物的含量，黏土矿物的增加对地质体的稳定性极其不利，在地下水或者地震等诱发因素作用下极易形成崩滑灾害，产生致灾效应。黏土矿物的形成与地下水中某些阴阳离子及矿物成分的变化密切联系，所以从物质成分及 地下水变化角度可揭示地质灾害形成的内在机制。In the embodiment of the present invention, in terms of changes in material composition, the main focus is on the content of clay minerals inside the geological body. The increase of clay minerals is extremely detrimental to the stability of the geological body, and it is easy to cause landslide disasters under the action of induced factors such as groundwater or earthquakes. , producing disastrous effects. The formation of clay minerals is closely related to changes in certain anions and cations and mineral components in groundwater, so from the material composition and The angle of groundwater change can reveal the intrinsic mechanism of geological disaster formation.
实施例2Example 2
如图2所示，本发明实施例提供的潜在失稳崩滑灾害的监测方法包括：As shown in Figure 2, the monitoring method for potential instability and landslide disasters provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes:
(1)卫片选择研究区，利用卫片选择拟开展地质灾害调查的研究区。(1) Select the research area using satellite images. Use satellite images to select the research area where geological disaster investigation is to be carried out.
(2)现场监测，在研究区选择几处典型的灾害点进行监测装置布设。(2) On-site monitoring: select several typical disaster points in the study area to deploy monitoring devices.
(3)数据采集，现场监测获取各类数据，将数据传输至室内卫片解译终端。(3) Data collection, on-site monitoring to obtain various data, and transmit the data to the indoor satellite interpretation terminal.
(4)卫片识别，基于监测数据进行机器学习，利用学习后的模型利用人工智能开展研究区崩滑灾害的精确识别和批量识别，为防灾减灾服务。(4) Satellite image recognition, machine learning is performed based on monitoring data, and the learned model is used to use artificial intelligence to carry out accurate identification and batch identification of landslide disasters in the study area to serve disaster prevention and reduction.
图2中以潜在失稳地质体为研究对象，只有地质体失稳后才能形成滑坡或者崩塌灾害，对潜在失稳地质体进行反复监测，处理用本发明中研发的现场监测设施外，传统监测数据，例如位移、应力、气象资料等也是后期机器学习的关键内容。此外，本发明提出得装置对地表水产生的流量及对地质体表面的冲刷情况等现象也进行精准监测。In Figure 2, the potentially unstable geological body is taken as the research object. Only when the geological body becomes unstable can landslides or collapse disasters occur. The potentially unstable geological body is repeatedly monitored, and the on-site monitoring facilities developed in the present invention are used for processing. In addition to traditional monitoring Data, such as displacement, stress, meteorological data, etc., are also key components of later machine learning. In addition, the device proposed by the present invention also accurately monitors phenomena such as the flow of surface water and the erosion of the surface of geological bodies.
实施例3Example 3
如图3所示，本发明实施例提供的基于卫片反馈的崩滑监测装置包括：As shown in Figure 3, the collapse monitoring device based on satellite film feedback provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes:
复合监测箱1，该装置中包含了众多监测***，将地下水化学成分、孔隙水压力、水平向位移、水平向应力和垂向应力、监测壁矿物成分变化等指标均可进行监测，将众多传感器集成布设，减少了现场监测中需要开挖孔洞数量，高度集成后可以大大提高安装效率，同时监测箱在布设中采用竖向形式进行布设，可以获得不同深度位置的相关数据，当相邻层位参数变化较大时，结合其他数据进行综合判断该地质体是否会发生失稳破坏。Composite monitoring box 1, this device contains many monitoring systems, which can monitor the chemical composition of groundwater, pore water pressure, horizontal displacement, horizontal stress and vertical stress, changes in mineral composition of the monitoring wall, etc., and integrates many sensors Integrated layout reduces the number of holes that need to be excavated during on-site monitoring. High integration can greatly improve installation efficiency. At the same time, the monitoring boxes are arranged vertically during the layout, so that relevant data at different depths can be obtained. When adjacent layers When the parameters change significantly, other data can be combined to comprehensively determine whether the geological body will undergo instability failure.
数据采集控制***2，主要用于现场数据的采集和汇总，并兼具数据初步存储功能，可将现场采集的数据缓存后利用无线传输装置进行传输，将数据汇总后传输至室内卫片解译终端，室内卫片解译终端根据收集的数据进行反复学习，实现基于人工智能的崩滑灾害识别，提高灾害识别精确 度，此外，该***具体数据融合与处理的功能，能够将地下传感器采集的数据与气象站采集的数据进行比对分析，通过内置的算法建立联系，供监测人员分析使用。Data acquisition control system 2 is mainly used for the collection and summary of on-site data, and also has the function of preliminary data storage. It can cache the data collected on site and then transmit it using wireless transmission devices, and then summarize the data and transmit it to indoor satellite interpretation. Terminal and indoor satellite interpretation terminal perform repeated learning based on the collected data to realize landslide disaster identification based on artificial intelligence and improve the accuracy of disaster identification. In addition, the system's specific data fusion and processing functions can compare and analyze the data collected by underground sensors and the data collected by weather stations, and establish connections through built-in algorithms for analysis and use by monitoring personnel.
供电***3，该***主要有太阳能供电和风能供电两个模块组成，利用太阳能和风能进行电量补充，兼具电量储存功能，向整个监测***进行供电，供电***3采用变频自动控制，当同一传感器连续一周变化参数小于0.1％时，则供电***3会自动切断通类传感器三分之一的电源，让其保持待测状态，一旦有波动电流反馈至供电***3后，则供电***3立即开始重新供电，传感器完全恢复正常，该过程可以在监测中减少电量损耗，通类数据重复采集对于后期分析意义有限，同时减少了存储器的负荷，这也是本发明中设置的，具有显著创新性，不同于现有技术同时打开所有传感器进行监测。Power supply system 3. This system mainly consists of two modules: solar power supply and wind energy power supply. It uses solar energy and wind energy to supplement power and has a power storage function to provide power to the entire monitoring system. Power supply system 3 adopts frequency conversion automatic control. When the same sensor When the parameter change is less than 0.1% for one consecutive week, the power supply system 3 will automatically cut off one-third of the power supply of the general sensor and keep it in the state of being tested. Once there is a fluctuating current fed back to the power supply system 3, the power supply system 3 will start immediately. The sensor is completely restored to normal after the power is supplied again. This process can reduce power consumption during monitoring. Repeated collection of general data has limited significance for later analysis. At the same time, it reduces the load of the memory. This is also set in the present invention and is significantly innovative and different. Turn on all sensors for monitoring at the same time compared to existing technology.
坡顶4，坡顶4在监测中需要简单平整处理。Slope top 4 needs to be simply flattened during monitoring.
沟底5，阴坡和阳坡交汇位置。Bottom 5 of the ditch, where the shady slope and the sunny slope meet.
流量监测***6，主要对坡面不同位置的地表水流量进行监测，同时该监测***内部布设了储水桶，配合相关传感器对地表水的化学成分和pH等数据进行测试分析，将流量数据采集后与气象资料进行整合，分析不同位置的流量与降雨量等指标的联系。Flow monitoring system 6 mainly monitors surface water flow at different locations on the slope. At the same time, the monitoring system is equipped with water storage barrels, and cooperates with relevant sensors to test and analyze the chemical composition and pH data of surface water. After collecting the flow data Integrate with meteorological data to analyze the relationship between flow and rainfall and other indicators at different locations.
激光扫描监测***7，该***的主要功能是对坡面的冲刷形态进行实时监测分析，能够获取坡面不同位置处的冲刷形态等数据，通过与原始坡面形态比对后计算冲刷情况，同时能够对沟底5的水流和水位等进行简单监测，该***中还布设了预警***，主要对出现的险情进行预警，设置了报警放大器进行报警，指令由数据采集控制***2发出。Laser scanning monitoring system 7. The main function of this system is to conduct real-time monitoring and analysis of the erosion pattern of the slope surface. It can obtain data such as the erosion pattern at different positions on the slope surface, and calculate the erosion situation by comparing it with the original slope surface form. At the same time It can simply monitor the water flow and water level at the bottom of the ditch 5. The system is also equipped with an early warning system, which mainly provides early warning of dangers. An alarm amplifier is set up to alarm, and the instructions are issued by the data acquisition control system 2.
无线传输天线8，主要在数据传输和指令接收的过程中使用。The wireless transmission antenna 8 is mainly used in the process of data transmission and instruction reception.
水位监测***9，主要对沟底5的水位和流量进行实时监测，该数据传输至数据采集控制***2后会与降雨量等数据比对，同时与坡体内部的水分传感器1-8及孔压传感器数值进行比对分析，据此可建立降雨量-流量-孔隙水压力的联系，为潜在失稳地质体的失稳判定奠定基础。The water level monitoring system 9 mainly monitors the water level and flow rate at the bottom of the ditch 5 in real time. After the data is transmitted to the data acquisition control system 2, it will be compared with rainfall and other data, and at the same time, it will be compared with the moisture sensors 1-8 and holes inside the slope. Through comparative analysis of pressure sensor values, the relationship between rainfall, flow rate and pore water pressure can be established, which lays the foundation for the instability determination of potentially unstable geological bodies.
气象监测站10，主要对当地的降雨量、温度、湿度、风向、风速、气压等气象指标进行实时监测，并对数据进行存储和传输，最终传输至数 据采集控制***2。The weather monitoring station 10 mainly conducts real-time monitoring of local meteorological indicators such as rainfall, temperature, humidity, wind direction, wind speed, air pressure, etc., stores and transmits the data, and finally transmits it to the data Data collection control system 2.
实施例4Example 4
基于本发明实施例3提供的基于卫片反馈的崩滑监测装置，如图4所示，复合监测箱1包括：Based on the collapse monitoring device based on satellite film feedback provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention, as shown in Figure 4, the composite monitoring box 1 includes:
自动剪切***1-1，该***的主要功能是对地下某一层位的岩土体的力学参数进行测定，主要基于十字板剪切仪原理进行，将初始和变化过程中的抗剪强度参数实时进行监测分析，并传送至数据采集器1-3。Automatic shearing system 1-1. The main function of this system is to measure the mechanical parameters of rock and soil at a certain underground level. It is mainly based on the principle of the cross-plate shear meter. The initial and changing shear strength The parameters are monitored and analyzed in real time and sent to the data collector 1-3.
加载装置1-2，该装置的主要功能是在剪切试验中提供加载功能，同时能够控制剪切板的入土深度，由于每次剪切都会形成新的剪切带，后期剪切中需要将剪切板通过加载深入未剪切的土体中进行二次剪切或多次剪切，确保提供准确的测试结果。Loading device 1-2, the main function of this device is to provide loading function in shear test, and at the same time it can control the penetration depth of shear plate. Since each shear will form a new shear zone, it needs to be added in later shearing. The shear plate performs secondary shear or multiple shears by loading deep into the unsheared soil, ensuring accurate test results.
数据采集器1-3，主要功能是对整个监测箱中的数据进行汇总和存储，并将数据传输至数据采集控制***2。The main function of the data collector 1-3 is to summarize and store the data in the entire monitoring box and transmit the data to the data acquisition control system 2.
综合监测器1-4，箱壁材料有一定的刚度，其能够防水，通过定制加工获得。Integrated monitors 1-4, the box wall material has a certain stiffness and is waterproof, which is obtained through customized processing.
水化学监测传感器1-5，主要对该层的水化学特性进行监测，如果岩层位于地下水位以下时，该传感器可以直接进行测试，若传感器所在岩层位于地下水位以上时，则传感器监测水分迁移过程中的水化学成分，包括阴阳离子和pH值等参数。Water chemistry monitoring sensors 1-5 mainly monitor the water chemistry properties of the layer. If the rock layer is below the groundwater level, the sensor can be tested directly. If the rock layer where the sensor is located is above the groundwater level, the sensor monitors the water migration process. The chemical composition of water in water, including parameters such as anions and cations and pH value.
孔隙水压力传感器1-6，主要对该层的岩土体中的孔隙水压力进行监测，为整个岩土体有效应力计算提供核心参数。Pore water pressure sensors 1-6 mainly monitor the pore water pressure in the rock and soil mass of this layer, and provide core parameters for the effective stress calculation of the entire rock and soil mass.
矿物成分监测传感器1-7，对该层位的矿物成分进行监测分析，例如粘土矿物、石英、长石等。Mineral composition monitoring sensors 1-7 monitor and analyze the mineral composition of this layer, such as clay minerals, quartz, feldspar, etc.
水分传感器1-8，主要对该层的水分含量进行监测，能够反映岩土体内部的水分迁移等状况。Moisture sensors 1-8 mainly monitor the moisture content of this layer and can reflect moisture migration and other conditions within the rock and soil mass.
水平位移监测传感器1-9，岩土体产生水平位移时，则监测箱整体会受到挤压作用，据此进行水平方向位移监测，获得水平位移变形指标。Horizontal displacement monitoring sensors 1-9. When the rock and soil mass undergoes horizontal displacement, the entire monitoring box will be squeezed. Based on this, horizontal displacement monitoring is performed to obtain horizontal displacement and deformation indicators.
竖向位移监测***1-10，岩土体产生竖向沉降时，该传感器可以对竖向位移进行实时采集。Vertical displacement monitoring system 1-10, when the rock and soil mass experiences vertical settlement, this sensor can collect vertical displacement in real time.
实施例5 Example 5
基于本发明实施例3提供的基于卫片反馈的崩滑监测装置，如图5所示，流量监测***6包括：Based on the collapse monitoring device based on satellite film feedback provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention, as shown in Figure 5, the flow monitoring system 6 includes:
渗流溶质测试传感器6-1，主要对地表水中的化学成分进行监测，包括地表水中的阴阳离子种类、含量等。Seepage solute test sensor 6-1 mainly monitors the chemical components of surface water, including the types and contents of anions and cations in surface water.
水温度监测传感器6-2，主要对地表水的温度进行实时监测。The water temperature monitoring sensor 6-2 mainly monitors the temperature of surface water in real time.
pH监测传感器6-3，主要对地表水的pH进行监测，可以获取地表水化学环境变化方面的数据。The pH monitoring sensor 6-3 mainly monitors the pH of surface water and can obtain data on changes in the chemical environment of surface water.
防淤冲刷***6-4，该***的主要功能是对监测水箱6-9进行定期冲刷，利用冲刷力将底部残留的固相物质冲刷出去，确保水箱正常使用。Anti-siltation and flushing system 6-4, the main function of this system is to flush the monitoring water tank 6-9 regularly, and use the flushing force to flush out the remaining solid matter at the bottom to ensure the normal use of the water tank.
储水箱入水口6-5，主要功能是让水进入储水箱中，内置电磁阀门，可以根据需要自动关闭或打开阀门。The water inlet of the water storage tank is 6-5. Its main function is to let water enter the water storage tank. It has a built-in electromagnetic valve that can automatically close or open the valve as needed.
进水口6-6，流量监测***6的进水，让地下水进入***的通道。Water inlet 6-6, the water inlet of flow monitoring system 6, allows groundwater to enter the channel of the system.
出水口6-7，流量监测***6中的出水。Water outlet 6-7, water outlet in flow monitoring system 6.
数据存储器6-8，主要对流量监测***6中的传感器采集的数据进行收集和存储，并将数据最终传输至图3中数据采集控制***2。The data memory 6-8 mainly collects and stores the data collected by the sensors in the flow monitoring system 6, and finally transmits the data to the data acquisition control system 2 in Figure 3.
监测水箱6-9，主要为地表水各类监测传感器服务，固定安装传感器，同时将水存储后用于测试，确保测试结果具有较好的稳定性。Monitoring water tanks 6-9 mainly serve various surface water monitoring sensors. They install sensors fixedly and store water for testing to ensure good stability of test results.
水箱溢水通道6-10，监测水箱6-9水过多后可通过该通道排出。The water tank overflow channel 6-10 monitors the water tank 6-9 and can be discharged through this channel if there is too much water.
流量监测传感器6-11，主要对监测位置的地表水流量进行监测，为后面的坡面冲刷分析提供基础数据。Flow monitoring sensors 6-11 mainly monitor the surface water flow at the monitoring location and provide basic data for subsequent slope erosion analysis.
颗粒成分监测***6-12，该***的主要功能是对监测位置的地表水中携带的土颗粒进行测试，得到水中携带的物质成分的粒度，该***具有自动冲刷功能，每次测试完后，***自动对底部残留的颗粒进行冲刷，确保流量通道的整洁性。Particle composition monitoring system 6-12. The main function of this system is to test the soil particles carried in the surface water at the monitoring location to obtain the particle size of the material components carried in the water. The system has an automatic flushing function. After each test, the system Automatically flush the remaining particles at the bottom to ensure the cleanliness of the flow channel.
在上述实施例中，对各个实施例的描述都各有侧重，某个实施例中没有详述或记载的部分，可以参见其它实施例的相关描述。In the above embodiments, each embodiment is described with its own emphasis. For parts that are not detailed or documented in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.
上述装置/单元之间的信息交互、执行过程等内容，由于与本发明方法实施例基于同一构思，其具体功能及带来的技术效果，具体可参见方法实施例部分，此处不再赘述。Since the information interaction, execution process, etc. between the above devices/units are based on the same concept as the method embodiments of the present invention, its specific functions and technical effects can be found in the method embodiments section, and will not be described again here.
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为了描述的方便和简洁，仅 以上述各功能单元、模块的划分进行举例说明，实际应用中，可以根据需要将上述功能分配由不同的功能单元、模块完成，即将所述装置的内部结构划分成不同的功能单元或模块，以完成以上描述的全部或者部分功能。实施例中的各功能单元、模块可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中，上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。另外，各功能单元、模块的具体名称也只是为了便于相互区分，并不用于限制本发明的保护范围。上述***中单元、模块的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for convenience and simplicity of description, only Taking the above-mentioned division of each functional unit and module as an example, in practical applications, the above-mentioned function allocation can be completed by different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional units or modules, so as to Complete all or part of the functions described above. Each functional unit and module in the embodiment can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit can be hardware-based. It can also be implemented in the form of software functional units. In addition, the specific names of each functional unit and module are only for the convenience of distinguishing each other and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. For the specific working processes of the units and modules in the above system, please refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be described again here.
二、应用实施例：2. Application examples:
应用例1Application example 1
利用本发明实施例提供的监测装置对白龙江流域的地质灾害进行调查，首先利用卫片选定白龙江流域，在此流域内选择几处较为典型的灾害点，进行现场监测装置的布设，将现场监测数据进行收集整理，并汇入室内终端，根据现场采集的边坡应力、位移等数据的变化找出坡度、降雨等关键指标的临界值，将此数据输入***中，对学习模型进行反复训练，即可将此处的崩滑灾害作为典型灾害点，模型训练中从卫片内提取了关键像素点，将该像素点与现场监测的位移、应力等指标的变化建立联系，后利用训练后的模型对整个流域内其他类似的灾害点进行识别，可以大大节约人力物力。The monitoring device provided by the embodiment of the present invention is used to investigate the geological disasters in the Bailongjiang River Basin. First, the Bailongjiang River Basin is selected using satellite images. Several typical disaster points are selected in this basin to deploy on-site monitoring devices and place the on-site The monitoring data is collected, sorted and imported into the indoor terminal. Based on the changes in slope stress, displacement and other data collected on site, the critical values of key indicators such as slope and rainfall are found. This data is input into the system and the learning model is repeatedly trained. , the landslide disaster here can be regarded as a typical disaster point. During model training, key pixels are extracted from the satellite images, and the pixels are connected with the changes in displacement, stress and other indicators monitored on site, and then the training is used The model can identify other similar disaster points in the entire basin, which can greatly save manpower and material resources.
应用例2Application example 2
本发明实施例提供的监测方法运行于计算机设备，该计算机设备包括：至少一个处理器、存储器以及存储在所述存储器中并可在所述至少一个处理器上运行的计算机程序，所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时实现上述任意各个方法实施例中的步骤。The monitoring method provided by the embodiment of the present invention runs on a computer device. The computer device includes: at least one processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the at least one processor. The processor The steps in any of the above method embodiments are implemented when the computer program is executed.
应用例3Application example 3
本发明实施例提供的监测方法运行于计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时可实现上述各个方法实施例中的步骤。The monitoring method provided by the embodiment of the present invention runs on a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in each of the above method embodiments can be implemented.
应用例4 Application example 4
本发明实施例提供的监测方法运行于信息数据处理终端，所述信息数据处理终端用于实现于电子装置上执行时，提供用户输入接口以实施如上述各方法实施例中的步骤，所述信息数据处理终端不限于手机、电脑、交换机。The monitoring method provided by the embodiment of the present invention runs on an information data processing terminal. The information data processing terminal is used to provide a user input interface to implement the steps in the above method embodiments when executed on an electronic device. Data processing terminals are not limited to mobile phones, computers, and switches.
应用例5Application example 5
本发明实施例提供的监测方法运行于服务器，所述服务器用于实现于电子装置上执行时，提供用户输入接口以实施如上述各方法实施例中的步骤。The monitoring method provided by the embodiment of the present invention runs on a server, and the server is used to provide a user input interface to implement the steps in the above method embodiments when executed on an electronic device.
应用例6Application example 6
本发明实施例提供的监测方法运行于计算机程序产品，当计算机程序产品在电子设备上运行时，使得电子设备执行时可实现上述各个方法实施例中的步骤。The monitoring method provided by the embodiment of the present invention runs on a computer program product. When the computer program product is run on an electronic device, the steps in each of the above method embodiments can be implemented when the electronic device is executed.
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本发明实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分流程，可以通过计算机程序来指令相关的硬件来完成，所述的计算机程序可存储于一计算机可读存储介质中，该计算机程序在被处理器执行时，可实现上述各个方法实施例的步骤。其中，所述计算机程序包括计算机程序代码，所述计算机程序代码可以为源代码形式、对象代码形式、可执行文件或某些中间形式等。所述计算机可读介质至少可以包括：能够将计算机程序代码携带到拍照装置/终端设备的任何实体或装置、记录介质、计算机存储器、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)、电载波信号、电信信号以及软件分发介质。例如U盘、移动硬盘、磁碟或者光盘等。If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the present invention can implement all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments by instructing relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The computer program When executed by a processor, the steps of each of the above method embodiments may be implemented. Wherein, the computer program includes computer program code, which may be in the form of source code, object code, executable file or some intermediate form. The computer-readable medium may at least include: any entity or device capable of carrying computer program code to the camera device/terminal device, recording media, computer memory, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), electrical carrier signals, telecommunications signals, and software distribution media. For example, U disk, mobile hard disk, magnetic disk or CD, etc.
三、实施例相关效果的证据：3. Evidence of relevant effects of the embodiment:
本发明实施例提供的监测装置及方法在使用过程中综合应用空天地一体化技术进行崩滑灾害的监测和识别，崩滑灾害的监测中利用卫星精准定位，结合地面实时监测进行判别，室内终端采集汇总数据后进行学习并发出识别指令，提高整个识别技术的准确性。该过程中将遥感地质学、灾害地质学、传感技术等内容进行有效融合，多学科交叉，相互验证，促使 整个监测***的功能大幅提升，效率大大提高。The monitoring device and method provided by the embodiments of the present invention comprehensively apply air-space-ground integration technology to monitor and identify avalanche disasters during use. In monitoring avalanche disasters, satellites are used for precise positioning and combined with ground real-time monitoring for identification. Indoor terminals After collecting and summarizing data, it learns and issues recognition instructions to improve the accuracy of the entire recognition technology. In this process, remote sensing geology, disaster geology, sensing technology and other contents are effectively integrated, multi-disciplinary cross-fertilization and mutual verification are carried out to promote The functions of the entire monitoring system have been greatly improved, and the efficiency has been greatly improved.
利用卫星影像现场识别一处滑坡，初步确定滑坡的范围，现场进行监测，重点分析地下水和物质成分方面的变化，滑坡的发生是滑带形成后的结果，滑带的形成是滑坡体内一定深度岩土体力学指标(黏聚力和摩擦力)降低后的宏观表现。Use satellite images to identify a landslide on site, initially determine the scope of the landslide, conduct on-site monitoring, and focus on analyzing changes in groundwater and material composition. The occurrence of landslides is the result of the formation of a landslide zone, which is formed by rock formations at a certain depth within the landslide body. Macroscopic performance after soil mechanical indicators (cohesion and friction) are reduced.
以上所述，仅为本发明较优的具体的实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。 The above are only preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person familiar with the technical field shall, within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种基于卫片反馈的崩滑监测装置，其特征在于，所述基于卫片反馈的崩滑监测装置包括：A landslide monitoring device based on satellite film feedback, characterized in that the landslide monitoring device based on satellite film feedback includes:
    复合监测箱(1)，用于对地下水化学成分、孔隙水压力、水平向位移、水平向应力和垂向应力、监测壁矿物成分变化指标进行监测，获得地质体不同深度位置的相关数据；The composite monitoring box (1) is used to monitor the chemical composition of groundwater, pore water pressure, horizontal displacement, horizontal stress and vertical stress, and monitoring wall mineral composition change indicators, and obtain relevant data at different depths of the geological body;
    数据采集控制***(2)，用于现场数据的采集、汇总、存储，将现场采集的数据缓存后利用无线传输装置进行传输，将数据汇总后传输至室内卫片解译终端；The data acquisition control system (2) is used for the collection, summary, and storage of on-site data. It caches the data collected on site and transmits it using wireless transmission devices, and then summarizes the data and transmits it to the indoor satellite interpretation terminal;
    流量监测***(6)，用于对坡面不同位置的地表水流量进行监测，以及对地表水的化学成分和pH数据进行测试分析，将流量数据采集后与气象资料进行整合，分析不同位置的流量与降雨量指标；The flow monitoring system (6) is used to monitor the surface water flow at different locations on the slope, and to test and analyze the chemical composition and pH data of the surface water. After collecting the flow data, it is integrated with the meteorological data to analyze the flow at different locations. Flow and rainfall indicators;
    激光扫描监测***(7)，用于对坡面的冲刷形态进行实时监测分析，获取坡面不同位置处的冲刷形态数据，通过与原始坡面形态比对后计算冲刷情况，对沟底(5)的水流和水位进行监测，对出现的险情进行预警；The laser scanning monitoring system (7) is used to conduct real-time monitoring and analysis of the erosion pattern of the slope surface, obtain the erosion pattern data at different positions on the slope surface, calculate the erosion situation by comparing it with the original slope surface form, and analyze the ditch bottom (5 ) to monitor the water flow and water level and provide early warning of dangerous situations;
    水位监测***(9)，用于对沟底(5)的水位和流量进行实时监测，传输至数据采集控制***(2)后与降雨量数据比对，同时与坡体内部的水分传感器(1-8)及孔压传感器数值进行比对分析，获取降雨量-流量-孔隙水压力的关系。The water level monitoring system (9) is used to monitor the water level and flow rate at the bottom of the ditch (5) in real time. After transmitting it to the data acquisition control system (2), it is compared with the rainfall data, and at the same time, it is compared with the moisture sensor (1) inside the slope. -8) and pore pressure sensor values are compared and analyzed to obtain the relationship between rainfall-flow-pore water pressure.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的基于卫片反馈的崩滑监测装置，其特征在于，所述基于卫片反馈的崩滑监测装置还包括：供电***(3)，由太阳能供电和风能供电两个模块组成，利用太阳能和风能进行电量补充，向整个监测***进行供电；The avalanche monitoring device based on satellite image feedback according to claim 1, characterized in that the avalanche monitoring device based on satellite image feedback further includes: a power supply system (3), which is powered by two modules: solar power and wind energy. It uses solar and wind energy to supplement power and provide power to the entire monitoring system;
    所述供电***(3)采用变频自动控制，当同一传感器连续一周变化参数≤0.1％时，自动切断通类传感器三分之一的电源，保持待测状态，有波动电流反馈至供电***(3)后，则供电***(3)开始重新供电，传感器恢复正常。The power supply system (3) adopts frequency conversion automatic control. When the parameters of the same sensor change ≤0.1% for one consecutive week, one-third of the power supply of the common sensor is automatically cut off and remains in the state to be measured. Fluctuating current is fed back to the power supply system (3). ), the power supply system (3) starts to supply power again, and the sensor returns to normal.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的基于卫片反馈的崩滑监测装置，其特征在于，所述基于卫片反馈的崩滑监测装置还包括：The avalanche monitoring device based on satellite image feedback according to claim 1, characterized in that the avalanche monitoring device based on satellite image feedback further includes:
    无线传输天线(8)，用于数据传输和指令接收；Wireless transmission antenna (8), used for data transmission and instruction reception;
    气象监测站(10)，用于对当地的降雨量、温度、湿度、风向、风速、 气压气象指标进行实时监测，并对数据进行存储和传输，最终传输至数据采集控制***(2)。Meteorological monitoring station (10), used to monitor local rainfall, temperature, humidity, wind direction, wind speed, The air pressure and meteorological indicators are monitored in real time, and the data is stored and transmitted, and finally transmitted to the data acquisition and control system (2).
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的基于卫片反馈的崩滑监测装置，其特征在于，所述复合监测箱(1)包括：The landslide monitoring device based on satellite feedback according to claim 1, characterized in that the composite monitoring box (1) includes:
    自动剪切***(1-1)，用于对地下某一层位的岩土体的力学参数进行测定，将初始和变化过程中的抗剪强度参数实时进行监测分析，并传送至数据采集器(1-3)；The automatic shearing system (1-1) is used to measure the mechanical parameters of rock and soil at a certain level underground, monitor and analyze the initial and changing shear strength parameters in real time, and transmit them to the data collector. (1-3);
    加载装置(1-2)，用于在剪切试验中提供加载，还用于控制剪切板的入土深度；Loading device (1-2), used to provide loading during shear tests and also used to control the penetration depth of the shear plate;
    数据采集器(1-3)，用于对整个监测箱中的数据进行汇总和存储，并将数据传输至数据采集控制***(2)；Data collector (1-3), used to summarize and store the data in the entire monitoring box, and transmit the data to the data acquisition control system (2);
    综合监测器(1-4)，用于防水；Integrated monitors (1-4) for waterproofing;
    水化学监测传感器(1-5)，用于对地质层的水化学特性进行监测，如果岩层位于地下水位以下时，直接进行测试，若传感器所在岩层位于地下水位以上时，则监测水分迁移过程中的水化学成分；Water chemistry monitoring sensors (1-5) are used to monitor the water chemistry characteristics of geological layers. If the rock layer is located below the groundwater level, the test will be performed directly. If the rock layer where the sensor is located is above the groundwater level, the water migration process will be monitored. chemical composition of water;
    孔隙水压力传感器(1-6)，用于对地质层的岩土体中的孔隙水压力进行监测，为整个岩土体有效应力计算提供核心参数；Pore water pressure sensors (1-6) are used to monitor the pore water pressure in the rock and soil mass of the geological layer, and provide core parameters for the calculation of the effective stress of the entire rock and soil mass;
    矿物成分监测传感器(1-7)，对地质层的矿物成分进行监测分析；Mineral composition monitoring sensors (1-7) monitor and analyze the mineral composition of geological layers;
    分传感器(1-8)，用于对地质层水分含量进行监测，反映岩土体内部的水分迁移状况；Sub-sensors (1-8) are used to monitor the moisture content of the geological layer and reflect the moisture migration status inside the rock and soil mass;
    水平位移监测传感器(1-9)，用于岩土体产生水平位移时，进行水平方向位移监测，获得水平位移变形指标；Horizontal displacement monitoring sensors (1-9) are used to monitor horizontal displacement when the rock and soil mass undergoes horizontal displacement, and obtain horizontal displacement and deformation indicators;
    竖向位移监测***(1-10)，用于岩土体产生竖向沉降时，对竖向位移进行实时采集。The vertical displacement monitoring system (1-10) is used to collect vertical displacement in real time when the rock and soil mass undergoes vertical settlement.
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的基于卫片反馈的崩滑监测装置，其特征在于，所述流量监测***(6)包括：The avalanche monitoring device based on satellite film feedback according to claim 1, characterized in that the flow monitoring system (6) includes:
    渗流溶质测试传感器(6-1)，用于对地表水中的化学成分进行监测，包括地表水中的阴阳离子种类、含量；Seepage solute testing sensor (6-1) is used to monitor chemical components in surface water, including the types and contents of anions and cations in surface water;
    水温度监测传感器(6-2)，用于对地表水的温度进行实时监测；Water temperature monitoring sensor (6-2), used for real-time monitoring of surface water temperature;
    pH监测传感器(6-3)，用于对地表水的pH进行监测，以获取地表 水化学环境变化方面的数据；pH monitoring sensor (6-3) is used to monitor the pH of surface water to obtain surface Data on environmental changes in water chemistry;
    防淤冲刷***(6-4)，用于对监测水箱(6-9)进行定期冲刷；Anti-siltation and flushing system (6-4), used for regular flushing of the monitoring water tank (6-9);
    储水箱入水口(6-5)，用于让水进入储水箱中，内置电磁阀门，根据需要自动关闭或打开阀门；The water inlet (6-5) of the water storage tank is used to allow water to enter the water storage tank. It has a built-in electromagnetic valve that automatically closes or opens the valve as needed;
    进水口(6-6)，用于流量监测***(6)的进水，让地下水进入***的通道；The water inlet (6-6) is used for water inlet of the flow monitoring system (6) and allows groundwater to enter the system;
    出水口(6-7)，用于流量监测***(6)中的出水；Water outlet (6-7), used for water outlet in the flow monitoring system (6);
    数据存储器(6-8)，用于对流量监测***(6)中的传感器采集的数据进行收集和存储，并将数据最终传输至数据采集控制***(2)；Data memory (6-8), used to collect and store data collected by sensors in the flow monitoring system (6), and finally transmit the data to the data acquisition control system (2);
    监测水箱(6-9)，用于为地表水各类监测传感器服务，固定安装传感器，同时将水存储后用于测试；Monitoring water tanks (6-9) are used to serve various surface water monitoring sensors, fixedly install sensors, and store water for testing;
    水箱溢水通道(6-10)，用于监测水箱(6-9)水过多后通排出；The water tank overflow channel (6-10) is used to monitor and discharge excess water in the water tank (6-9);
    流量监测传感器(6-11)，用于对监测位置的地表水流量进行监测；Flow monitoring sensor (6-11), used to monitor surface water flow at the monitoring location;
    颗粒成分监测***(6-12)，用于对监测位置的地表水中携带的土颗粒进行测试，得到水中携带的物质成分的粒度。The particle composition monitoring system (6-12) is used to test the soil particles carried in the surface water at the monitoring location to obtain the particle size of the material components carried in the water.
  6. 一种利用权利要求1～5任意一项所述基于卫片反馈的崩滑监测装置的潜在失稳崩滑灾害的监测方法，其特征在于，所述潜在失稳崩滑灾害的监测方法包括以下步骤：A method for monitoring potential instability and landslide disasters using the landslide monitoring device based on satellite image feedback according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the method for monitoring potential instability and landslide disasters includes the following step:
    步骤一，在卫片中选定的地质灾害调查范围进行圈定，在此基础上现场布设基于卫片反馈的崩滑监测装置；Step 1: Delineate the geological disaster survey scope selected in the satellite images, and then deploy on-site avalanche monitoring devices based on satellite image feedback;
    步骤二，对边坡演化中的变形和应力进行监测，将实时数据反馈至室内卫片解译终端，对建立的学习模型进行反复训练，将现场边坡的运移要素与卫片中的像素变化建立联系；Step 2: Monitor the deformation and stress in the evolution of the slope, feed back the real-time data to the indoor satellite image interpretation terminal, repeatedly train the established learning model, and combine the migration elements of the on-site slope with the pixels in the satellite image. Change creates connections;
    步骤三，基于预先编程设定的安全阈值，对现场崩滑灾害进行监测预警。Step 3: Based on the pre-programmed safety threshold, monitor and warn on-site landslide disasters.
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的潜在失稳崩滑灾害的监测方法，其特征在于：The method for monitoring potential instability and landslide disasters according to claim 6, characterized by:
    在步骤一中，利用对潜在失稳崩滑灾害的监测数据进行卫片解译学习模型进行训练学习，利用学习模型对潜在失稳边坡进行识别；In step one, the satellite image interpretation learning model is trained using monitoring data of potential instability and landslide disasters, and the learning model is used to identify potential instability slopes;
    在步骤二中，机器学习中，通过设置坡度、坡向及海拔高度及降雨量等关键指标的变化的数据集，对机器进行反复训练，基于神经网络法对滑 坡灾害的发生进行预测分析，据此进行野外崩滑灾害的识别；学习模型为：M＝F(x1,x2,x3….)，x1、x2、x3分别为坡度、坡向、降雨量关键指标；In the second step, in machine learning, the machine is repeatedly trained by setting a data set of changes in key indicators such as slope, aspect, altitude, and rainfall, and the sliding model is calculated based on the neural network method. Predict and analyze the occurrence of slope disasters, and identify wild landslide disasters based on this; the learning model is: M=F(x1,x2,x3….), x1, x2, and x3 are the keys to slope, slope direction, and rainfall respectively. index;
    所述基于神经网络法对滑坡灾害的发生进行预测分析，据此进行野外崩滑灾害的识别包括：The prediction and analysis of the occurrence of landslide disasters based on the neural network method, and the identification of wild landslide disasters based on this include:
    根据现场监测获取的坡度、坡向以及降雨量指标的变化情况，结合遥感卫片中的位移情况判断边坡的变形状态，根据变形状态和变形率分析滑坡的稳定情况，进行识别潜在失稳边坡；Based on the changes in slope, aspect and rainfall indicators obtained through on-site monitoring, combined with the displacement in remote sensing satellite images, the deformation state of the slope is judged, and the stability of the landslide is analyzed based on the deformation state and deformation rate to identify potential unstable edges. slope;
    在步骤三中，安全阈值的设定结合崩滑灾害的安全系数确定，安全系数为抗滑力或力矩与下滑力或力矩的比值，安全阈值即为安全系数的函数，根据安全系数的变化确定安全阈值的变化规律；In step three, the safety threshold is set in combination with the safety factor of the landslide disaster. The safety factor is the ratio of the anti-sliding force or moment to the sliding force or moment. The safety threshold is a function of the safety factor and is determined according to the change of the safety factor. The changing pattern of safety thresholds;
    其中，F＝N/T，F为安全系数，N为抗滑力或者抗滑力矩，KN；T为下滑力或力矩，KN。Among them, F=N/T, F is the safety factor, N is the anti-skid force or anti-skid moment, KN; T is the sliding force or moment, KN.
  8. 一种室内卫片解译终端，用于实施权利要求6所述的潜在失稳崩滑灾害的监测方法。An indoor satellite video interpretation terminal, used to implement the monitoring method of potential instability and landslide disasters described in claim 6.
  9. 一种接收用户输入程序存储介质，所存储的计算机程序使电子设备执行权利要求6所述的潜在失稳崩滑灾害的监测方法。A program storage medium that receives user input, and the stored computer program causes an electronic device to execute the monitoring method for potential instability and landslide disasters described in claim 6.
  10. 一种计算机设备，其特征在于，所述计算机设备包括存储器和处理器，所述存储器存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被所述处理器执行时，使得所述处理器执行权利要求6所述的潜在失稳崩滑灾害的监测方法。 A computer device, characterized in that the computer device includes a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor causes the processor to execute claim 6 Monitoring methods for potential instability and landslide disasters.
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