WO2023193132A1 - 宽窄视角可切换的显示面板及驱动方法、显示装置 - Google Patents

宽窄视角可切换的显示面板及驱动方法、显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023193132A1
WO2023193132A1 PCT/CN2022/085258 CN2022085258W WO2023193132A1 WO 2023193132 A1 WO2023193132 A1 WO 2023193132A1 CN 2022085258 W CN2022085258 W CN 2022085258W WO 2023193132 A1 WO2023193132 A1 WO 2023193132A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
viewing angle
electrode
angle electrode
pattern area
display panel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/085258
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
钟德镇
沈家军
姜丽梅
蒋隽
Original Assignee
昆山龙腾光电股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 昆山龙腾光电股份有限公司 filed Critical 昆山龙腾光电股份有限公司
Priority to CN202280001186.5A priority Critical patent/CN115023644B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2022/085258 priority patent/WO2023193132A1/zh
Publication of WO2023193132A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023193132A1/zh

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/1323—Arrangements for providing a switchable viewing angle
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/13306—Circuit arrangements or driving methods for the control of single liquid crystal cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, a driving method, and a display device.
  • the viewing angle of the display has widened from about 112° to more than 160°. While people enjoy the visual experience brought by the large viewing angle, they also hope to effectively protect business secrets and personal privacy. Avoid business losses or embarrassment caused by leakage of screen information. Therefore, in addition to the requirement for wide viewing angles, in many situations it is also required that the display device has the function of switching between wide and narrow viewing angles.
  • the main method is to attach a louver shielding film to the display screen to achieve switching between wide and narrow viewing angles.
  • the louver shielding film can be used to cover the screen to reduce the viewing angle.
  • this method requires additional preparation of the louver shielding film, which will cause problems for users. This causes great inconvenience to the observer, and a louver blocking film can only achieve one viewing angle.
  • the louver blocking film is attached, the viewing angle is fixed in the narrow viewing angle mode, making it impossible to switch between the wide viewing angle mode and the narrow viewing angle mode. Free switching, and the privacy film will reduce the brightness and affect the display effect.
  • the existing technology also uses a dimming box and a display panel to achieve switching between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle.
  • the display panel is used for normal picture display, and the dimming box is used to control viewing angle switching.
  • the dimming box includes a first substrate, The second substrate, the liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate, and the viewing angle control electrodes on the first substrate and the second substrate apply a vertical electric field to the liquid crystal molecules to deflect the liquid crystal in the vertical direction to achieve a narrow viewing angle mode. By controlling the voltage on the viewing angle control electrode, switching between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle can be achieved.
  • Display panels in the prior art are only used to display images at wide viewing angles or narrow viewing angles. It is impossible to see the display image and highlight the product's LOGO (trademark) pattern at narrow viewing angles.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, a driving method, and a display device, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that the display panel cannot simultaneously view images at a narrow viewing angle. There is a problem with displaying the screen and displaying the LOGO.
  • the present invention provides a display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles.
  • the display panel has a graphical logo pattern area and a non-logo pattern area.
  • the display panel includes a dimming box and a display box that are stacked on each other;
  • the dimming box includes a first substrate, a second substrate opposite to the first substrate, and a first liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate.
  • the first substrate faces A common viewing angle electrode is provided on one side of the first liquid crystal layer, and a first viewing angle electrode and a second viewing angle electrode matching the common viewing angle electrode are provided on the side of the second substrate facing the first liquid crystal layer.
  • the first viewing angle electrode and the second viewing angle electrode are insulated and spaced apart from each other, the first viewing angle electrode corresponds to the logo pattern area, and the second viewing angle electrode corresponds to the non-logo pattern area ;
  • the first viewing angle electrode and the second viewing angle electrode apply electrical signals with the same amplitude, and the light transmittances of the logo pattern area and the non-logo pattern area are the same at the same side viewing angle;
  • the first viewing angle electrode and the second viewing angle electrode apply electrical signals with different amplitudes, and the logo pattern area and the non-logo pattern area have different light transmittances at the same side viewing angle.
  • the logo pattern area is located in the center of the display panel.
  • the second viewing angle electrode is provided in an escape opening corresponding to the first viewing angle electrode, and the planar pattern of the escape opening is the same as the planar pattern of the first viewing angle electrode.
  • the second viewing angle electrode and the first viewing angle electrode are located on the same layer; or the second viewing angle electrode and the first viewing angle electrode are located on different layers.
  • projections of the first viewing angle electrode and the second viewing angle electrode on the second substrate partially overlap.
  • the first viewing angle electrode is a comb-shaped electrode
  • the second viewing angle electrode is a comb-shaped electrode that cooperates with the first viewing angle electrode in a region close to the first viewing angle electrode.
  • both the first viewing angle electrode and the second viewing angle electrode are block electrodes.
  • the center of the first viewing angle electrode is a block electrode
  • the outer edge of the first viewing angle electrode is a comb-shaped electrode
  • the second viewing angle electrode is in contact with the first viewing angle electrode in an area close to the first viewing angle electrode.
  • the first viewing angle electrode is matched with the comb electrode.
  • the dimming box is provided with a first signal line electrically connected to the common viewing angle electrode, a second signal line electrically connected to the first viewing angle electrode, and a second signal line electrically connected to the second viewing angle electrode.
  • the third signal line connected, the first signal line, the second signal line and the third signal line are all drawn around the edge of the dimming box; or, the first signal line and the third signal line
  • the three signal lines are all drawn out around the edge of the dimming box, and the second signal line is directly drawn out from the first viewing angle electrode.
  • the display box includes a color filter substrate, an array substrate disposed opposite to the color filter substrate, and a second liquid crystal layer disposed between the color filter substrate and the array substrate; the dimming box is away from A first polarizer is provided on one side of the display box, a second polarizer is provided between the dimming box and the display box, and a third polarizer is provided on a side of the display box away from the dimming box.
  • Polarizer the light transmission axis of the first polarizer is parallel to the light transmission axis of the second polarizer
  • the light transmission axis of the third polarizer is perpendicular to the light transmission axis of the second polarizer.
  • the present invention also provides a driving method for a display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles.
  • the driving method is used to drive the above-mentioned display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles.
  • the driving method includes:
  • a first electrical signal is applied to a common viewing angle electrode, a second electrical signal is applied to both the first viewing angle electrode and the second viewing angle electrode, and the second electrical signal is the same as the first electrical signal.
  • the pressure difference between them is less than the first preset value or greater than the second preset value, and the light transmittance of the logo pattern area and the non-logo pattern area are the same at the same side viewing angle;
  • a first electrical signal is applied to the common viewing angle electrode, a third electrical signal is applied to the first viewing angle electrode, and a fourth electrical signal is applied to the second viewing angle electrode, and the third electrical signal and the The amplitudes of the fourth electrical signals are different, and the voltage difference between the third electrical signal and the first electrical signal and the voltage difference between the fourth electrical signal and the first electrical signal are both greater than
  • the third preset value is less than the fourth preset value, the light transmittance of the logo pattern area and the non-logo pattern area are different at the same side viewing angle;
  • the second preset value is greater than the first preset value
  • the third preset value is greater than or equal to the first preset value
  • the fourth preset value is less than or equal to the second preset value
  • both the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal are 0V DC voltage.
  • the amplitudes of the third electrical signal and the fourth electrical signal are 1.6V-2.4V.
  • both the third electrical signal and the fourth electrical signal are AC voltages.
  • the amplitude difference between the third electrical signal and the fourth electrical signal is 0.2V-0.5V.
  • the present invention also provides a display device, including the above-mentioned display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles.
  • the first viewing angle electrode has a patterned structure.
  • the first viewing angle electrode and the second viewing angle electrode apply electrical signals with different amplitudes to identify
  • the light transmittance of the pattern area and the non-logo pattern area are different at the same side viewing angle, so that at the same side viewing angle, the brightness of the logo pattern area and the non-logo pattern area are different, and the graphics corresponding to the logo pattern area can be seen from the side viewing angle. , that is, the trademark pattern to enhance the brand effect; and from the front viewing angle, the difference in brightness between the logo pattern area and the non-logo pattern area is not obvious, and a normal display can be seen.
  • Figure 1 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the display panel in the present invention at a wide viewing angle
  • Figure 2 is the second structural schematic diagram of the display panel in the present invention at a wide viewing angle
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the display panel in the present invention at a narrow viewing angle
  • Figure 4 is a schematic plan view of the display panel in the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic plan view of the second substrate in the present invention.
  • Figure 6(a) is a schematic diagram of the signal line structure of the display panel in the present invention.
  • Figure 6(b) is a schematic diagram 2 of the signal line structure of the display panel in the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a signal waveform diagram of the display panel in the present invention at a wide viewing angle
  • Figure 8 is a signal waveform diagram of the display panel in the present invention at a narrow viewing angle
  • Figure 9 is one of the simulation diagrams of the corresponding viewing angles and transmittance of the display panel under different driving voltages in the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is the second simulation diagram of the corresponding viewing angle and light transmittance of the display panel of the present invention under different driving voltages
  • Figure 11 is one of the planar structural schematic diagrams of the first viewing angle electrode and the second viewing angle electrode in the present invention.
  • Figure 12(a) is a simulation diagram of the brightness of the logo pattern area and the non-logo pattern area at the front viewing angle in Figure 11 at a narrow viewing angle;
  • Figure 12(b) is a simulation diagram of the brightness of the logo pattern area and the non-logo pattern area at a 45° side viewing angle at a narrow viewing angle in Figure 11;
  • Figure 13(a) is a simulation diagram of the brightness of the logo pattern area and the non-logo pattern area at the front viewing angle in Figure 11 at a wide viewing angle;
  • Figure 13(b) is a simulation diagram of the brightness of the logo pattern area and the non-logo pattern area at a 45° side viewing angle at a wide viewing angle in Figure 11;
  • Figure 14 is the second schematic plan view of the first viewing angle electrode and the second viewing angle electrode in the present invention.
  • Figure 15(a) is a simulation diagram of the brightness of the logo pattern area and the non-logo pattern area at the front viewing angle in Figure 14 at a narrow viewing angle;
  • Figure 15(b) is a simulation diagram of the brightness of the logo pattern area and the non-logo pattern area at a 45° side viewing angle at a narrow viewing angle in Figure 14;
  • Figure 16(a) is a simulation diagram of the brightness of the logo pattern area and the non-logo pattern area in front view at a wide viewing angle in Figure 14;
  • Figure 16(b) is a simulation diagram of the brightness of the logo pattern area and the non-logo pattern area in Figure 14 at a wide viewing angle at a 45° side viewing angle;
  • Figure 17 is the third schematic plan view of the first viewing angle electrode and the second viewing angle electrode in the present invention.
  • Figure 18(a) is a simulation diagram of the brightness of the logo pattern area and the non-logo pattern area at the front viewing angle in Figure 17 at a narrow viewing angle;
  • Figure 18(b) is a simulation diagram of the brightness of the logo pattern area and the non-logo pattern area at a 45° side viewing angle at a narrow viewing angle in Figure 17;
  • Figure 19(a) is a simulation diagram of the brightness of the logo pattern area and the non-logo pattern area in front view at a wide viewing angle in Figure 17;
  • Figure 19(b) is a simulation diagram of the brightness of the logo pattern area and the non-logo pattern area at a 45° side viewing angle at a wide viewing angle in Figure 17;
  • Figure 20 is the fourth schematic plan view of the first viewing angle electrode and the second viewing angle electrode in the present invention.
  • Figure 21(a) is a simulation diagram of the brightness of the logo pattern area and the non-logo pattern area in front view at a narrow viewing angle in Figure 20;
  • Figure 21(b) is a simulation diagram of the brightness of the logo pattern area and the non-logo pattern area in Figure 20 at a narrow viewing angle at a 45° side viewing angle;
  • Figure 22(a) is a simulation diagram of the brightness of the logo pattern area and the non-logo pattern area in front view at a wide viewing angle in Figure 20;
  • Figure 22(b) is a simulation diagram of the brightness of the logo pattern area and the non-logo pattern area in Figure 20 at a wide viewing angle at a 45° side viewing angle;
  • Figure 23 is the fifth schematic plan view of the first viewing angle electrode and the second viewing angle electrode in the present invention.
  • Figure 24(a) is a simulation diagram of the brightness of the logo pattern area and the non-logo pattern area in front view at a narrow viewing angle in Figure 23;
  • Figure 24(b) is a simulation diagram of the brightness of the logo pattern area and the non-logo pattern area in Figure 23 at a narrow viewing angle at a 45° side viewing angle;
  • Figure 25(a) is a brightness simulation diagram of the logo pattern area and the non-logo pattern area in Figure 23 at a wide viewing angle at a front viewing angle;
  • Figure 25(b) is a simulation diagram of the brightness of the logo pattern area and the non-logo pattern area 45° at a side viewing angle in Figure 23 at a wide viewing angle;
  • Figure 26(a) is a rendering of the first viewing angle electrode and the second viewing angle electrode corresponding to the LOGO display in one shape in the present invention
  • Figure 26(b) is a rendering of the first viewing angle electrode and the second viewing angle electrode corresponding to the LOGO display in another shape according to the present invention.
  • Figure 26(c) is a rendering of the first viewing angle electrode and the second viewing angle electrode corresponding to the LOGO display in another shape according to the present invention.
  • Figure 27 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel at a wide viewing angle in another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 28 is a schematic structural diagram of the display device in the present invention.
  • Figure 29 is one of the planar structural schematic diagrams of the display device in the present invention.
  • FIG. 30 is the second schematic plan view of the display device in the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a display panel in a wide viewing angle according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is the second structural schematic diagram of the display panel in a wide viewing angle according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the display panel in a narrow viewing angle according to the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic plan view of the display panel in the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic plan view of the second substrate in the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles.
  • the display panel has a graphic logo pattern area 110 and a non-logo pattern area 120 ( Figure 4).
  • the graphics of the logo pattern area 110 The setting can be made according to the actual LOGO pattern that needs to be displayed (in this embodiment, the letters “IVO” are used as the LOGO pattern that needs to be displayed in the logo pattern area 110).
  • the display panel includes a dimming box 10 and a display box 20 that are stacked on each other. In this embodiment, the dimming box 10 is located above the display box 20 , that is, the dimming box 10 is located on the light emitting side of the display box 20 .
  • the dimming box 10 It is used to control the viewing angle of the display panel, and the display box 20 is used to control the display panel to display a normal picture.
  • the dimming box 10 can also be disposed below the display box 20 , that is, the dimming box 10 is located on the light incident side of the display box 20 .
  • the dimming box 10 includes a first substrate 11 , a second substrate 12 opposite to the first substrate 11 , and a first liquid crystal layer 13 disposed between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 .
  • a common viewing angle electrode 111 is provided on the side of the first substrate 11 facing the first liquid crystal layer 13
  • a first viewing angle electrode 121 and a third viewing angle electrode 121 matching the common viewing angle electrode 111 are provided on the side of the second substrate 12 facing the first liquid crystal layer 13 .
  • the two viewing angle electrodes 122, the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 are insulated and spaced apart from each other.
  • the pressure difference is used to control the deflection of the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13, thereby controlling switching between wide and narrow viewing angles.
  • the first viewing angle electrode 121 corresponds to the logo pattern area 110
  • the second viewing angle electrode 122 corresponds to the non-logo pattern area 120.
  • the first liquid crystal layer 13 preferably uses positive liquid crystal molecules, that is, liquid crystal molecules with positive dielectric anisotropy.
  • the phase retardation of the first liquid crystal layer 13 is preferably 700nm, and the optional range is 500nm ⁇ phase retardation ⁇ 1000nm.
  • the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are aligned parallel to the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 , and the positive liquid crystal molecules on the side close to the first substrate 11 are aligned with the ones close to the second substrate 12 .
  • the alignment directions of the positive liquid crystal molecules on both sides are parallel or anti-parallel, so that the dimming box 10 presents a wide viewing angle display in the initial state, as shown in FIG. 1 .
  • a viewing angle control voltage is applied to the common viewing angle electrode 111, the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122, so that there is a gap between the common viewing angle electrode 111 and the first viewing angle electrode 121 and between the common viewing angle electrode 111 and the second viewing angle electrode 121.
  • a large voltage difference is formed between the two viewing angle electrodes 122 and a strong electric field is formed to drive the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 to deflect in the vertical direction, so that the dimming box 10 displays a narrow viewing angle display.
  • the display box 20 is preferably a liquid crystal box.
  • the display box 20 can also be a self-luminous display (such as an OLED display, a Micro LED display), but the dimming box 10 needs to be disposed above the display box 20 .
  • the display box 20 includes a color filter substrate 21 , an array substrate 22 disposed opposite to the color filter substrate 21 , and a second liquid crystal layer 23 disposed between the color filter substrate 21 and the array substrate 22 .
  • the second liquid crystal layer 23 preferably uses positive liquid crystal molecules, that is, liquid crystal molecules with positive dielectric anisotropy.
  • the positive liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 23 are aligned parallel to the color filter substrate 21 and the array substrate 22.
  • the positive liquid crystal molecules on the side close to the color filter substrate 21 are aligned with the positive liquid crystal molecules on the side close to the array substrate 22.
  • the alignment direction of liquid crystal molecules is parallel or anti-parallel.
  • the second liquid crystal layer 23 can also use negative liquid crystal molecules.
  • the negative liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 23 can be aligned perpendicular to the color filter substrate 21 and the array substrate 22 , that is, similar to VA How the display mode is oriented.
  • a first polarizer 31 is provided on the side of the dimming box 10 away from the display box 20
  • a second polarizer 32 is provided between the dimming box 10 and the display box 20
  • a side of the display box 20 away from the dimming box 10 is provided.
  • a third polarizer 33 is provided on the side.
  • the transmission axis of the first polarizer 31 is parallel to the transmission axis of the second polarizer 32.
  • the transmission axis of the third polarizer 33 is parallel to the transmission axis of the second polarizer 32. Perpendicular to each other.
  • the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 13 may be perpendicular to the transmission axis of the first polarizer 31 and the second polarizer 32.
  • the transmission axis of the first polarizer 31 and the second polarizer 32 is 0°.
  • the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 13 is 90°.
  • the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 13 can also be parallel to the transmission axis of the first polarizer 31 and the second polarizer 32.
  • the transmission axis of the first polarizer 31 and the second polarizer 32 is 90°. °
  • the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 13 is 90°.
  • the color filter substrate 21 is provided with a color resist layer 212 arranged in an array and a black matrix 211 that separates the color resist layers 212.
  • the color resist layer 212 includes three colors: red (R), green (G), and blue (B). Color resist material, and correspondingly form sub-pixels of three colors: red (R), green (G), and blue (B).
  • the array substrate 22 is formed by a plurality of scanning lines (not shown) and a plurality of data lines (not shown) that are insulated and crossed with each other to form a plurality of pixel units.
  • Each pixel unit is provided with There is a pixel electrode 222 and a thin film transistor (not shown).
  • the pixel electrode 222 is electrically connected to the data line of an adjacent thin film transistor through the thin film transistor.
  • the thin film transistor includes a gate electrode, an active layer, a drain electrode and a source electrode.
  • the gate electrode and the scan line are located on the same layer and are electrically connected.
  • the gate electrode and the active layer are isolated by an insulating layer.
  • the source electrode and the data line are electrically connected.
  • the drain electrode and the pixel electrode 222 are electrically connected through the contact hole.
  • a common electrode 221 is provided on the side of the array substrate 22 facing the second liquid crystal layer 23 .
  • the common electrode 221 and the pixel electrode 222 are located on different layers and are insulated and isolated by an insulating layer.
  • the common electrode 221 may be located above or below the pixel electrode 222 (shown in FIG. 1 is that the common electrode 221 is located below the pixel electrode 222).
  • the common electrode 221 is a planar electrode provided over the entire surface
  • the pixel electrode 222 is a block electrode provided entirely within each pixel unit or a slit electrode with multiple electrode strips to form a fringe field switching mode ( Fringe FieldSwitching, FFS).
  • the pixel electrode 222 and the common electrode 221 may be located on the same layer, but they are insulated and isolated from each other.
  • Each of the pixel electrode 222 and the common electrode 221 may include multiple electrode strips.
  • the electrode strips of the pixel electrode 222 The electrode strips of the common electrode 221 are alternately arranged to form an in-plane switching mode (IPS); or, in other embodiments, the array substrate 22 is provided with pixel electrodes on the side facing the second liquid crystal layer 23 222, the color filter substrate 21 is provided with a common electrode 221 on the side facing the second liquid crystal layer 23 to form a TN mode or a VA mode.
  • IPS in-plane switching mode
  • the first substrate 11, the second substrate 12, the color filter substrate 21 and the array substrate 22 can be made of glass, acrylic, polycarbonate and other materials.
  • the common viewing angle electrode 111, the first viewing angle electrode 121, the second viewing angle electrode 122, the common electrode 221 and the pixel electrode 222 may be made of indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO).
  • the logo pattern area 110 is located in the center of the display panel, and other areas of the display panel except the logo pattern area 110 are non-logo pattern areas 120 .
  • the position of the logo pattern area 110 can also be set according to the position where the LOGO pattern needs to be displayed.
  • the second viewing angle electrode 122 is provided with an escape opening 123 corresponding to the first viewing angle electrode 121.
  • the escape opening 123 has the same planar pattern as the first viewing angle electrode 121, so that the first viewing angle electrode 121 can be connected to the same viewing angle electrode 121 as the first viewing angle electrode 121.
  • the electrode 111 forms a vertical electric field to prevent the second viewing angle electrode 122 from shielding the signal of the first viewing angle electrode 121 .
  • the second viewing angle electrode 122 and the first viewing angle electrode 121 are located on different layers, and the second viewing angle electrode 122 and the first viewing angle electrode 121 are separated by an insulating layer, so that the second viewing angle electrode 122 and the first viewing angle electrode 121 can be avoided. There is a risk of short circuit of the first viewing angle electrode 121. However, since the second viewing angle electrode 122 and the first viewing angle electrode 121 are made on different layers, there may be a difference in reflectivity, which may cause the logo pattern to be slightly visible even at the front viewing angle.
  • FIG. 27 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel at a wide viewing angle in another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the second viewing angle electrode 122 and the first viewing angle electrode 121 may be located on the same layer, and the second viewing angle electrode 122 and the first viewing angle electrode 121 are insulated and spaced apart from each other to separate the second viewing angle electrode 122 from the first viewing angle electrode 121 .
  • the electrode 122 and the first viewing angle electrode 121 are made on the same layer, thereby avoiding the reflectivity difference between the second viewing angle electrode 122 and the first viewing angle electrode 121, and the front viewing effect is better, but there is a short circuit between the second viewing angle electrode 122 and the first viewing angle electrode 121. risks of.
  • FIG. 6(a) is a first schematic diagram of the signal line structure of the display panel in the present invention
  • FIG. 6(b) is a second schematic diagram of the signal line structure of the display panel in the present invention.
  • the dimming box 10 is provided with a first signal line 1 electrically connected to the common viewing angle electrode 111, and a third signal line 1 electrically connected to the first viewing angle electrode 121.
  • the first signal line 1, the second signal line 2 and the third signal line 3 are all drawn out around the edge of the dimming box 10; of course, as shown in Figure 6(b), the The first signal line 1 and the third signal line 3 are both led out around the edge of the dimming box 10, and the second signal line 2 is directly led out from the first viewing angle electrode 121, saving peripheral space.
  • Figure 11 is the first schematic plan view of the first viewing angle electrode and the second viewing angle electrode in the present invention
  • Figure 14 is the second schematic plan view of the first viewing angle electrode and the second viewing angle electrode in the present invention
  • Figure 17 is the second schematic plan view of the first viewing angle electrode and the second viewing angle electrode in the present invention.
  • the third schematic plan view of the first viewing angle electrode and the second viewing angle electrode is the fourth schematic plan view of the first viewing angle electrode and the second viewing angle electrode in the present invention.
  • the first viewing angle electrode 121 is a comb-shaped electrode, that is, the overall pattern of the first viewing angle electrode 121 is the same as the LOGO pattern, but the first viewing angle electrode 121 is a comb-shaped electrode.
  • the electrode 121 is a comb-shaped electrode composed of multiple electrode strips.
  • the second viewing angle electrode 122 is a comb-shaped electrode that cooperates with the first viewing angle electrode 121 in a region close to the first viewing angle electrode 121 .
  • the second viewing angle electrode 122 may be a block electrode in a region far away from the first viewing angle electrode 121.
  • the entire second viewing angle electrode 122 may also be a comb-shaped electrode.
  • the first viewing angle electrode 121 may be a longitudinal comb-shaped electrode or a transverse comb-shaped electrode as shown in FIG. 20 .
  • FIG. 23 is a fifth schematic plan view of the first viewing angle electrode and the second viewing angle electrode in the present invention.
  • the center of the first viewing angle electrode 121 is a block electrode
  • the outer edge of the first viewing angle electrode 121 is a comb-shaped electrode, that is, the overall pattern and LOGO pattern of the first viewing angle electrode 121
  • the first viewing angle electrode 121 is composed of a block electrode and a plurality of electrode strips.
  • the second viewing angle electrode 122 is a comb-shaped electrode that cooperates with the first viewing angle electrode 121 in a region close to the first viewing angle electrode 121 .
  • the second viewing angle electrode 122 may be a block electrode in a region far away from the first viewing angle electrode 121.
  • the entire second viewing angle electrode 122 may also be a comb-shaped electrode.
  • first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 may both be block electrodes, that is, the first viewing angle electrode 121 is a block electrode with the same LOGO pattern.
  • Figure 26(a) is a rendering of the first viewing angle electrode and the second viewing angle electrode corresponding to the LOGO display in one shape according to the present invention
  • Figure 26(b) is a rendering of the first viewing angle electrode and the second viewing angle electrode in the present invention.
  • Figure 26(c) is the rendering of the first viewing angle electrode and the second viewing angle electrode in the present invention corresponding to the LOGO display in another shape.
  • Figure 26(a) is a simulation rendering of the first viewing angle electrode 121 as a block electrode
  • Figure 26(b) is a simulation rendering of the first viewing angle electrode 121.
  • Figure 26(c) is a simulation rendering of the first viewing angle electrode 121 having a block electrode in the center and a comb-shaped electrode on the outer edge. It can be seen from Figures 26(a), 26(b) and 26(c) that the first viewing angle electrode 121 shown in Figure 26(c) adopts a structure that combines comb electrodes and block electrodes to achieve side-view LOGO. The font boundaries are wrapped with different grayscales, which can further enhance the LOGO font effect.
  • the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 may have a gap between them.
  • the width of the viewing angle electrode 121 is smaller than the width of the relief opening 123 .
  • the width of the first viewing angle electrode 121 is 2-6 ⁇ m, and the width of the relief opening 123 is 3-10 ⁇ m.
  • the width of the first viewing angle electrode 121 is 2-6 ⁇ m, and the width of the relief opening 123 is 3-10 ⁇ m.
  • the width of the first viewing angle electrode 121 is 3 ⁇ m
  • the width of the relief opening 123 is 9 ⁇ m
  • the distance between two adjacent relief openings 123 is 5 ⁇ m
  • the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode The gap between the projections of 122 on the second substrate 12 is 3 ⁇ m.
  • the width of the first viewing angle electrode 121 is 5 ⁇ m
  • the width of the escape opening 123 is 9 ⁇ m
  • the distance between two adjacent escape openings 123 is 3 ⁇ m.
  • the gap between the projections of the electrodes 122 on the second substrate 12 is 2 ⁇ m.
  • the width of the comb-shaped electrode at the edge of the first viewing angle electrode 121 is 5 ⁇ m
  • the width of the corresponding part of the relief opening 123 and the comb-shaped electrode is 11 ⁇ m
  • the distance between two adjacent relief openings 123 is 3 ⁇ m.
  • the first The gap between the projection of the viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 on the second substrate 12 is 3 ⁇ m.
  • the projections of the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 on the second substrate 12 partially overlap, that is, the width of the first viewing angle electrode 121 is greater than the width of the escape opening 123 .
  • width Preferably, the width of the first viewing angle electrode 121 is 5-10 ⁇ m, and the width of the relief opening 123 is 3-5 ⁇ m.
  • the width of the first viewing angle electrode 121 is 5-10 ⁇ m, and the width of the relief opening 123 is 3-5 ⁇ m.
  • the width of the first viewing angle electrode 121 is 9 ⁇ m
  • the width of the relief opening 123 is 3 ⁇ m
  • the distance between two adjacent relief openings 123 is 11 ⁇ m
  • the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode The width of the overlap between the projections of 122 on the second substrate 12 is 3 ⁇ m.
  • Figure 12(a) is a simulation diagram of the brightness of the logo pattern area and the non-logo pattern area in Figure 11 at a narrow viewing angle at the front viewing angle
  • Figure 12(b) is a simulation diagram of the brightness of the logo pattern area and non-logo pattern area in Figure 11 at a narrow viewing angle.
  • Figure 13(a) is the brightness simulation diagram of the logo pattern area and the non-logo pattern area in Figure 11 at a wide viewing angle
  • Figure 13(b) is the brightness simulation diagram of Figure 11 at a wide viewing angle.
  • FIG. 15(a) is the brightness simulation diagram of the logo pattern area and the non-logo pattern area at the front viewing angle at the narrow viewing angle in Figure 14 ;
  • Figure 15(b) is a simulation diagram of the brightness of the logo pattern area and non-logo pattern area in Figure 14 at a narrow viewing angle at a 45° side viewing angle;
  • Figure 16(a) is a simulation diagram of the logo pattern area and non-logo pattern area in Figure 14 at a wide viewing angle.
  • Figure 16(b) is the brightness simulation diagram of the logo pattern area and the non-logo pattern area in Figure 14 at a wide viewing angle at a 45° side viewing angle.
  • NVA represents the narrow viewing angle mode
  • WVA represents the wide viewing angle mode
  • ⁇ represents the ratio of the brightness of the logo pattern area 110 to the brightness of the non-logo pattern area 120
  • the front view represents the viewing angle perpendicular to the display panel, that is, 0°.
  • Viewing angle, 45° side view means that the viewing angle direction is 45° to the vertical line of the display panel.
  • the first viewing angle electrode 121 is in a comb-shaped electrode structure, and in the narrow viewing angle mode, the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 When there is a gap between the projections on the second substrate 12, the side view ⁇ value can reach about 600%, but the front view ⁇ value is 90%.
  • the side view LOGO is obvious, but the front view display quality may be poor; and the first viewing angle When there is a partial overlap between the projections of the electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 on the second substrate 12, the LOGO is not obvious when viewed from the side, but the difference is small when viewed from the front.
  • Figure 18(a) is a simulation diagram of the brightness of the logo pattern area and the non-logo pattern area in Figure 17 at a narrow viewing angle at a front viewing angle
  • Figure 18(b) is a simulation diagram of the brightness of the logo pattern area and non-logo pattern area in Figure 17 at a narrow viewing angle.
  • Figure 19(a) is the brightness simulation diagram of the logo pattern area and the non-logo pattern area in Figure 17 at a wide viewing angle
  • Figure 19(b) is the brightness simulation diagram of Figure 17 at a wide viewing angle.
  • FIG. 21(a) is the brightness simulation diagram of the logo pattern area and the non-logo pattern area at the front viewing angle at the narrow viewing angle in Figure 20 ;
  • Figure 21 (b) is a simulation diagram of the brightness of the logo pattern area and non-logo pattern area in Figure 20 at a narrow viewing angle at a 45° side viewing angle;
  • Figure 22 (a) is a simulation diagram of the logo pattern area and non-logo pattern area in Figure 20 at a wide viewing angle.
  • Figure 22(b) is the brightness simulation diagram of the logo pattern area and the non-logo pattern area in Figure 20 at a wide viewing angle at a 45° side viewing angle;
  • Figure 24(a) is a simulation diagram of the brightness of the logo pattern area and the non-logo pattern area in Figure 23 at a narrow viewing angle at a front viewing angle
  • Figure 24(b) is a simulation diagram of the brightness of the logo pattern area and non-logo pattern area in Figure 23 at a narrow viewing angle.
  • Figure 25(a) is the brightness simulation diagram of the logo pattern area and the non-logo pattern area in Figure 23 at a wide viewing angle
  • Figure 25(b) is the brightness simulation diagram of Figure 23 at a wide viewing angle Viewing angle: brightness simulation diagram of logo pattern area and non-logo pattern area under 45° side viewing angle
  • FIG. 7 is a signal waveform diagram of the display panel of the present invention when the viewing angle is wide;
  • FIG. 8 is a signal waveform diagram of the display panel of the present invention when the viewing angle is narrow.
  • the present invention also provides a driving method with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles.
  • the driving method is used to drive the display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles as described above.
  • the driving method includes:
  • a first electrical signal V1 is applied to the common viewing angle electrode 111, where the first electrical signal V1 is a DC common voltage signal, and a second electrical signal V2 is applied to both the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122,
  • the voltage difference between the second electrical signal V2 and the first electrical signal V1 is less than the first preset value (for example, less than 1.4V).
  • a DC voltage of 0V is applied to the common viewing angle electrode 111 , the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 .
  • the dimming box 10 displays a wide viewing angle at this time.
  • the voltage difference between the second electrical signal V2 and the first electrical signal V1 can also be greater than the second preset value (for example, greater than 5.0V), where the second preset value is much greater than the first preset value, sharing the viewing angle.
  • a strong vertical electric field (E2 in Figure 2) will be formed between the electrode 111 and the first viewing angle electrode 121 and between the common viewing angle electrode 111 and the second viewing angle electrode 122, and the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 will generate The deflection is large and perpendicular to the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12. At this time, the dimming box 10 will also display a wide viewing angle.
  • the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 apply the same electrical signal
  • the light transmittance of the logo pattern area 110 and the non-logo pattern area 120 is the same under the front view and the same side view angle, and Both the logo pattern area 110 and the non-logo pattern area 120 present wide viewing angle display.
  • the common viewing angle electrode 111, the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 all apply a DC voltage of 0V, that is, the first electrical signal V1 and the second electrical signal V2. Both are 0V DC voltage.
  • a first electrical signal V1 which is a DC common voltage signal
  • a third electrical signal V3 is applied to the first viewing angle electrode 121
  • a third electrical signal V3 is applied to the second viewing angle electrode 122 .
  • the amplitudes of the four electrical signals V4, the third electrical signal V3 and the fourth electrical signal V4 are different.
  • the voltage difference between the third electrical signal V3 and the first electrical signal V1 is the same as the voltage difference between the fourth electrical signal V4 and the first electrical signal V1.
  • the voltage difference between them is greater than the third preset value (for example, greater than 1.5V) and less than the fourth preset value (for example, less than 4.0V), where the third preset value is greater than or equal to the first preset value, and the fourth preset value The value is less than or equal to the second preset value.
  • a strong vertical electric field will be formed between the common viewing angle electrode 111 and the first viewing angle electrode 121 and between the common viewing angle electrode 111 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 (E3 in Figure 3 and E4), the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are greatly deflected and assume a tilted state, and the brightness becomes darker under a large viewing angle.
  • the dimming box 10 presents a narrow viewing angle display.
  • the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 apply electrical signals with different amplitudes
  • the logo pattern area 110 and the non-logo pattern area 120 correspond to the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 .
  • the degree of darkening of the logo pattern area 110 and the non-logo pattern area 120 at the same side viewing angle is also different, and the light transmittance of the logo pattern area 110 and the non-logo pattern area 120 at the same side viewing angle is different. Therefore, in the narrow viewing angle mode, the LOGO pattern can be highlighted when viewed from a side angle to enhance the brand effect of the product.
  • the amplitudes of the third electrical signal V3 and the fourth electrical signal V4 are 1.6V-2.4V, and the third electrical signal V3 and the fourth electrical signal V4 are both AC voltage, the amplitude difference between the third electrical signal V3 and the fourth electrical signal V4 is 0.2V-0.5V.
  • one of the amplitudes of the third electrical signal V3 and the fourth electrical signal V4 is 2.0V, and the other one is 2.0V. is 1.6V.
  • Liquid crystal molecules are prone to polarization under the action of an electric field in a single direction for a long time.
  • the third electrical signal V3 and the fourth electrical signal V4 both use AC voltage.
  • the direction of the electric field is not a single direction, but constantly changes direction, thus preventing the liquid crystal molecules from being affected by a strong vertical electric field. Polarization occurs.
  • FIG. 9 is the first simulation diagram of the corresponding viewing angle and light transmittance of the display panel under different driving voltages of the present invention
  • FIG. 10 is the second simulation diagram of the corresponding viewing angle and light transmittance of the display panel of the present invention under different driving voltages.
  • Figure 9 is a light transmittance simulation data diagram when the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 13 is perpendicular to the transmission axes of the first polarizer 31 and the second polarizer 32
  • Figure 10 is a light transmittance simulation data diagram when the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 13 is parallel to the transmission axes of the first polarizer 31 and the second polarizer 32 .
  • the driving voltages applied to the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 are 2.4V and 2.2V, the light transmittance at the side viewing angle is larger, which will cause the effect of the narrow viewing angle to change. Therefore, in the narrow viewing angle mode, the driving voltages applied to the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 are preferably 2.0V, 1.8V and 1.6V. For example, one of the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 One is 2.0V and the other one is 1.6V.
  • the first viewing angle electrode 121 is 1.6V; if a darker LOGO pattern needs to be displayed, the first viewing angle electrode 121 is 2.0V.
  • the specific voltage value can also be adjusted according to the actual situation. In the case of a better narrow viewing angle, it is preferable to use the electrical signal that maximizes the brightness difference between the logo pattern area 110 and the non-logo pattern area 120 .
  • Figure 28 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device in the present invention.
  • the present invention also provides a display device, including a display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles as described above, and a backlight module 40.
  • the backlight module 40 is located below the display panel and is used to provide backlight for the display panel. source.
  • the display box 20 adopts a self-luminous display, the display device does not need to provide an additional backlight.
  • the backlight module 40 includes a backlight source 41 and a privacy layer 43 .
  • the privacy layer 43 is used to reduce the range of light emission angles.
  • a brightness enhancement film 42 is also provided between the backlight source 41 and the privacy layer 43 .
  • the brightness enhancement film 42 increases the brightness of the backlight module 40 .
  • the privacy-preventing layer 43 is equivalent to a miniature blind structure, which can block light with a larger incident angle and allow light with a smaller incident angle to pass through, thereby reducing the angle range of the light passing through the privacy-preventing layer 43 .
  • the anti-privacy layer 43 includes a plurality of photoresist walls arranged in parallel and a light-transmitting hole located between two adjacent photoresist walls.
  • the backlight 41 can also be a light-concentrating backlight, so that there is no need to provide the privacy layer 43 , but the light-concentrating backlight is more expensive than a conventional backlight.
  • the backlight module 40 may be an edge-type backlight module or a direct-type backlight module.
  • the backlight module 40 adopts a collimated backlight (CBL) mode, which can collect light to ensure the display effect.
  • CBL collimated backlight
  • FIG. 29 is the first schematic plan view of the display device in the present invention
  • FIG. 30 is the second schematic plan view of the display device in the present invention.
  • the display device is provided with a viewing angle switching button 50 for the user to issue a viewing angle switching request to the display device.
  • the viewing angle switching button 50 can be a physical button (as shown in Figure 29), or can be a software control or application (APP) to implement the switching function (as shown in Figure 30, for example, a slide bar to set a wide or narrow viewing angle).
  • APP software control or application
  • the driver chip 60 controls the switching between the common viewing angle electrode 111 , the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode.
  • the display device can switch between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle.
  • the driving method adopts the driving method corresponding to the wide angle mode.
  • the driving method is used.
  • the driving method adopts a driving method corresponding to the narrow viewing angle mode. Therefore, the display device according to the embodiment of the present invention has strong operational flexibility and convenience, achieving a multi-functional display device integrating entertainment video and privacy.
  • locative terms such as up, down, left, right, front, and back are defined based on the positions of the structures in the drawings and the positions of the structures relative to each other. They are only for the purpose of expressing the technical solution. Clear and convenient. It should be understood that the use of the locative words shall not limit the scope of protection claimed in this application. It should also be understood that the terms “first”, “second”, etc. used herein are only used for distinction in name and are not used to limit the number or order.
  • the first viewing angle electrode has a patterned structure.
  • the first viewing angle electrode and the second viewing angle electrode apply electrical signals with different amplitudes to identify
  • the light transmittance of the pattern area and the non-logo pattern area are different at the same side viewing angle, so that at the same side viewing angle, the brightness of the logo pattern area and the non-logo pattern area are different, and the graphics corresponding to the logo pattern area can be seen from the side viewing angle. , that is, the trademark pattern to enhance the brand effect; and from the front viewing angle, the difference in brightness between the logo pattern area and the non-logo pattern area is not obvious, and a normal display can be seen.

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Abstract

一种宽窄视角可切换的显示面板及驱动方法、显示装置，显示面板具有图形化的标识图案区(110)和非标识图案区(120)，显示面板包括相互层叠设置的调光盒(10)和显示盒(20)；调光盒(10)包括第一基板(11)、第二基板(12)以及第一液晶层(13)，第一基板(11)设有共用视角电极(111)，第二基板(12)设有与共用视角电极(111)相配合的第一视角电极(121)和第二视角电极(122)，第一视角电极(121)与标识图案区(110)相对应，第二视角电极(122)与非标识图案区(120)相对应；在宽视角模式时，第一视角电极(121)和第二视角电极(122)施加幅值相同的电信号，标识图案区(110)和非标识图案区(120)在相同侧视视角的透光率相同；在窄视角模式时，第一视角电极(121)和第二视角电极(122)施加幅值不同的电信号，标识图案区(110)和非标识图案区(120)在相同侧视视角的透光率不同。

Description

宽窄视角可切换的显示面板及驱动方法、显示装置 技术领域
本发明涉及显示器技术领域，特别是涉及一种宽窄视角可切换的显示面板及驱动方法、显示装置。
 背景技术
随着液晶显示技术的不断进步，显示器的可视角度已经由原来的112°左右拓宽到160°以上，人们在享受大视角带来视觉体验的同时，也希望有效保护商业机密和个人隐私，以避免屏幕信息外泄而造成的商业损失或尴尬。因此除了宽视角需求之外，在许多场合还需要显示装置具备宽窄视角相互切换的功能。
目前主要采取在显示屏上贴附百叶遮挡膜来实现宽窄视角切换，当需要防窥时，利用百叶遮挡膜遮住屏幕即可缩小视角，但这种方式需要额外准备百叶遮挡膜，会给使用者造成极大的不便，而且一张百叶遮挡膜只能实现一种视角，一旦贴附上百叶遮挡膜后，视角便固定在窄视角模式，导致无法在宽视角模式和窄视角模式之间进行自由切换，而且防窥片会造成辉度降低影响显示效果。
现有技术也有利用调光盒和显示面板实现在宽视角和窄视角之间进行切换的，显示面板用于正常的画面显示，调光盒用于控制视角切换，调光盒包括第一基板、第二基板以及第一基板和第二基板之间的液晶层，第一基板和第二基板上的视角控制电极给液晶分子施加一个垂直电场，使液晶朝竖直方向偏转，实现窄视角模式。通过控制视角控制电极上的电压，从而可以实现在宽视角和窄视角之间进行切换。
 技术问题
现有技术中的显示面板就只用于在宽视角或窄视角时显示画面，无法做到在窄视角时，既可以看到显示画面，又可以突显产品的LOGO(商标)图案。
 技术解决方案
为了克服现有技术中存在的缺点和不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种宽窄视角可切换的显示面板及驱动方法、显示装置，以解决现有技术中显示面板无法在窄视角时，同时看到显示画面和显示LOGO的问题。
本发明的目的通过下述技术方案实现：
本发明提供一种宽窄视角可切换的显示面板，所述显示面板具有图形化的标识图案区和非标识图案区，所述显示面板包括相互层叠设置的调光盒和显示盒；
所述调光盒包括第一基板、与所述第一基板相对设置的第二基板以及设于所述第一基板与所述第二基板之间的第一液晶层，所述第一基板朝向所述第一液晶层的一侧设有共用视角电极，所述第二基板朝向所述第一液晶层的一侧设有与所述共用视角电极相配合的第一视角电极和第二视角电极，所述第一视角电极和所述第二视角电极相互绝缘且间隔开，所述第一视角电极与所述标识图案区相对应，所述第二视角电极与所述非标识图案区相对应；
在宽视角模式时，所述第一视角电极和所述第二视角电极施加幅值相同的电信号，所述标识图案区和所述非标识图案区在相同侧视视角的透光率相同；在窄视角模式时，所述第一视角电极和所述第二视角电极施加幅值不同的电信号，所述标识图案区和所述非标识图案区在相同侧视视角的透光率不同。
进一步地，所述标识图案区位于所述显示面板的中心。
进一步地，所述第二视角电极设于与所述第一视角电极对应的避让口，所述避让口的平面图形与所述第一视角电极的平面图形相同。
进一步地，所述第二视角电极与所述第一视角电极位于同一层；或所述第二视角电极与所述第一视角电极位于不同层。
进一步地，所述第一视角电极与所述第二视角电极在所述第二基板上的投影之间具有间隙。
进一步地，所述第一视角电极与所述第二视角电极在所述第二基板上的投影之间部分重叠。
进一步地，所述第一视角电极为梳状电极，所述第二视角电极在靠近所述第一视角电极的区域为与所述第一视角电极配合的梳状电极。
进一步地，所述第一视角电极和所述第二视角电极均为块状电极。
进一步地，所述第一视角电极的中心为块状电极，所述第一视角电极的外缘为梳状电极，所述第二视角电极在靠近所述第一视角电极的区域为与所述第一视角电极配合的梳状电极。
进一步地，所述调光盒设有与所述共用视角电极电性连接的第一信号线、与所述第一视角电极电性连接的第二信号线以及与所述第二视角电极电性连接的第三信号线，所述第一信号线、所述第二信号线以及所述第三信号线均围绕所述调光盒的边缘引出；或，所述第一信号线和所述第三信号线均围绕所述调光盒的边缘引出，所述第二信号线直接由所述第一视角电极引出。
进一步地，所述显示盒包括彩膜基板、与所述彩膜基板相对设置的阵列基板以及设于所述彩膜基板和所述阵列基板之间的第二液晶层；所述调光盒远离所述显示盒的一侧设有第一偏光片，所述调光盒与所述显示盒之间设有第二偏光片，所述显示盒远离所述调光盒的一侧设有第三偏光片，所述第一偏光片的透光轴与所述第二偏光片的透光轴相平行，所述第三偏光片的透光轴与所述第二偏光片的透光轴相垂直。
本发明还提供一种宽窄视角可切换的显示面板的驱动方法，所述驱动方法用于驱动上述的宽窄视角可切换的显示面板，所述驱动方法包括：
在宽视角模式时，向共用视角电极施加第一电信号，向所述第一视角电极和所述第二视角电极均施加第二电信号，所述第二电信号与所述第一电信号之间的压差小于第一预设值或大于第二预设值，所述标识图案区和所述非标识图案区在相同侧视视角的透光率相同；
在窄视角模式时，向共用视角电极施加第一电信号，向所述第一视角电极施加第三电信号以及向所述第二视角电极施加第四电信号，所述第三电信号与所述第四电信号的幅值不相同，所述第三电信号与所述第一电信号之间的压差和所述第四电信号与所述第一电信号之间的压差均大于第三预设值以及小于第四预设值，所述标识图案区和所述非标识图案区在相同侧视视角的透光率不同；
其中，第二预设值大于第一预设值，第三预设值大于等于第一预设值，第四预设值小于等于第二预设值。
进一步地，所述第一电信号与所述第二电信号均为0V的直流电压。
进一步地，所述第三电信号与所述第四电信号的幅值为1.6V-2.4V。
进一步地，所述第三电信号与所述第四电信号均为交流电压。
进一步地，所述第三电信号与所述第四电信号的幅值相差0.2V-0.5V。
本发明还提供一种显示装置，包括上述的宽窄视角可切换的显示面板。
 有益效果
通过在调光盒内设置第一视角电极和第二视角电极，第一视角电极为图形化结构，在窄视角模式时，第一视角电极和第二视角电极施加幅值不同的电信号，标识图案区和非标识图案区在相同侧视视角的透光率不同，从而使得在相同侧视视角时，标识图案区和非标识图案区的亮度不同，侧视视角可以看见标识图案区对应的图形，即商标图案，以增强品牌效应；而在正视视角，标识图案区和非标识图案区的亮度的差异不明显，可以看见正常显示的画面。
 附图说明
图1是本发明中显示面板在宽视角时的结构示意图之一；
图2是本发明中显示面板在宽视角时的结构示意图之二；
图3是本发明中显示面板在窄视角时的结构示意图；
图4是本发明中显示面板的平面结构示意图；
图5是本发明中第二基板的平面结构示意图；
图6(a)是本发明中显示面板的信号线结构示意图一；
图6(b)是本发明中显示面板的信号线结构示意图二；
图7是本发明中显示面板在宽视角时的信号波形图；
图8是本发明中显示面板在窄视角时的信号波形图；
图9是本发明中显示面板不同驱动电压下对应视角与透光率的仿真图之一；
图10是本发明中显示面板不同驱动电压下对应视角与透光率的仿真图之二；
图11是本发明中第一视角电极和第二视角电极的平面结构示意图之一；
图12(a)是图11在窄视角时标识图案区和非标识图案区在正视视角下的亮度仿真图；
图12(b)是图11在窄视角时标识图案区和非标识图案区在45°侧视视角下的亮度仿真图；
图13(a)是图11在宽视角时标识图案区和非标识图案区在正视视角下的亮度仿真图；
图13(b)是图11在宽视角时标识图案区和非标识图案区在45°侧视视角下的亮度仿真图；
图14是本发明中第一视角电极和第二视角电极的平面结构示意图之二；
图15(a)是图14在窄视角时标识图案区和非标识图案区在正视视角下的亮度仿真图；
图15(b)是图14在窄视角时标识图案区和非标识图案区在45°侧视视角下的亮度仿真图；
图16(a)是图14在宽视角时标识图案区和非标识图案区在正视视角下的亮度仿真图；
图16(b)是图14在宽视角时标识图案区和非标识图案区在45°侧视视角下的亮度仿真图；
图17是本发明中第一视角电极和第二视角电极的平面结构示意图之三；
图18(a)是图17在窄视角时标识图案区和非标识图案区在正视视角下的亮度仿真图；
图18(b)是图17在窄视角时标识图案区和非标识图案区在45°侧视视角下的亮度仿真图；
图19(a)是图17在宽视角时标识图案区和非标识图案区在正视视角下的亮度仿真图；
图19(b)是图17在宽视角时标识图案区和非标识图案区在45°侧视视角下的亮度仿真图；
图20是本发明中第一视角电极和第二视角电极的平面结构示意图之四；
图21(a)是图20在窄视角时标识图案区和非标识图案区在正视视角下的亮度仿真图；
图21(b)是图20在窄视角时标识图案区和非标识图案区在45°侧视视角下的亮度仿真图；
图22(a)是图20在宽视角时标识图案区和非标识图案区在正视视角下的亮度仿真图；
图22(b)是图20在宽视角时标识图案区和非标识图案区在45°侧视视角下的亮度仿真图；
图23是本发明中第一视角电极和第二视角电极的平面结构示意图之五；
图24(a)是图23在窄视角时标识图案区和非标识图案区在正视视角下的亮度仿真图；
图24(b)是图23在窄视角时标识图案区和非标识图案区在45°侧视视角下的亮度仿真图；
图25(a)是图23在宽视角时标识图案区和非标识图案区在正视视角下的亮度仿真图；
图25(b)是图23在宽视角时标识图案区和非标识图案区45°在侧视视角下的亮度仿真图；
图26(a)是本发明中第一视角电极和第二视角电极在一种形状下对应LOGO显示的效果图；
图26(b)是本发明中第一视角电极和第二视角电极在又一种形状下对应LOGO显示的效果图；
图26(c)是本发明中第一视角电极和第二视角电极在又一种形状下对应LOGO显示的效果图；
图27是本发明另一实施例中显示面板在宽视角时的结构示意图；
图28是本发明中显示装置的结构示意图；
图29是本发明中显示装置的平面结构示意图之一；
图30是本发明中显示装置的平面结构示意图之二。
 本发明的实施方式
为更进一步阐述本发明为达成预定发明目的所采取的技术手段及功效，以下结合附图及较佳实施例，对依据本发明提出的宽窄视角可切换的显示面板及驱动方法、显示装置的具体实施方式、结构、特征及其功效，详细说明如下：
图1是本发明中显示面板在宽视角时的结构示意图之一。图2是本发明中显示面板在宽视角时的结构示意图之二。图3是本发明中显示面板在窄视角时的结构示意图。图4是本发明中显示面板的平面结构示意图。图5是本发明中第二基板的平面结构示意图。
如图1至图5所示，本发明提供的一种宽窄视角可切换的显示面板，显示面板具有图形化的标识图案区110和非标识图案区120(图4)，标识图案区110的图形可以根据实际需显示的LOGO图案来进行设置(本实施例中，以字母“IVO”作为标识图案区110需显示的LOGO图案)。显示面板包括相互层叠设置的调光盒10和显示盒20，本实施例中，调光盒10设于显示盒20的上方，即调光盒10位于显示盒20的出光侧，调光盒10用于控制显示面板的视角，显示盒20用于控制显示面板显示正常的画面。当然，调光盒10也可设于显示盒20的下方，即调光盒10位于显示盒20的入光侧。
其中，调光盒10包括第一基板11、与第一基板11相对设置的第二基板12以及设于第一基板11与第二基板12之间的第一液晶层13。第一基板11朝向第一液晶层13的一侧设有共用视角电极111，第二基板12朝向第一液晶层13的一侧设有与共用视角电极111相配合的第一视角电极121和第二视角电极122，第一视角电极121和第二视角电极122相互绝缘且间隔开，通过控制共用视角电极111与第一视角电极121之间以及共用视角电极111与第二视角电极122之间的压差来控制第一液晶层13中液晶分子的偏转，从而实现控制宽窄视角切换。第一视角电极121与标识图案区110相对应，第二视角电极122与非标识图案区120相对应。
第一液晶层13优选采用正性液晶分子，即介电各向异性为正的液晶分子。第一液晶层13的相位延迟优选为700nm，可选范围500nm<相位延迟<1000nm。在初始状态的时候，第一液晶层13中的正性液晶分子平行于第一基板11与第二基板12进行配向，靠近第一基板11一侧的正性液晶分子与靠近第二基板12一侧的正性液晶分子的配向方向平行或反向平行，从而使得调光盒10在初始状态是呈现宽视角显示，如图1所示。当需要实现窄视角显示时，向共用视角电极111、第一视角电极121以及第二视角电极122施加视角控制电压，使得共用视角电极111与第一视角电极121之间以及共用视角电极111与第二视角电极122之间形成较大的压差并形成较强的电场，以驱动第一液晶层13中的正性液晶分子在竖直方向上发生偏转，从而使得调光盒10呈现窄视角显示，如图3所示。
本实施例中，显示盒20优选为液晶盒。当然，在其他实施例中，显示盒20也可以为自发光显示器(例如OLED显示器、Micro LED显示器)，但调光盒10需设置于显示盒20的上方。
显示盒20包括彩膜基板21、与彩膜基板21相对设置的阵列基板22以及设于彩膜基板21和阵列基板22之间的第二液晶层23。第二液晶层23优选采用正性液晶分子，即介电各向异性为正的液晶分子。初始状态的时候，第二液晶层23中的正性液晶分子平行于彩膜基板21和阵列基板22进行配向，靠近彩膜基板21一侧的正性液晶分子与靠近阵列基板22一侧的正性液晶分子的配向方向平行或反向平行。当然，在其他实施例中，第二液晶层23也可采用负性液晶分子，第二液晶层23中的负性液晶分子可垂直于彩膜基板21和阵列基板22进行配向，即类似于VA显示模式的配向方式。
进一步地，调光盒10远离显示盒20的一侧设有第一偏光片31，调光盒10与显示盒20之间设有第二偏光片32，显示盒20远离调光盒10的一侧设有第三偏光片33，第一偏光片31的透光轴与第二偏光片32的透光轴相平行，第三偏光片33的透光轴与第二偏光片32的透光轴相垂直。
其中，第一液晶层13的配向方向可以与第一偏光片31和第二偏光片32的透光轴相垂直，例如，第一偏光片31和第二偏光片32的透光轴为0°，第一液晶层13的配向方向为90°。当然，第一液晶层13的配向方向也可以与第一偏光片31和第二偏光片32的透光轴相平行，例如，第一偏光片31和第二偏光片32的透光轴为90°，第一液晶层13的配向方向为90°。
彩膜基板21上设有呈阵列排布的色阻层212以及将色阻层212间隔开的黑矩阵211，色阻层212包括红(R)、绿(G)、蓝(B)三色的色阻材料，并对应形成红(R)、绿(G)、蓝(B)三色的子像素。
阵列基板22在朝向第二液晶层23的一侧上由多条扫描线(图未示)和多条数据线(图未示)相互绝缘交叉限定形成多个像素单元，每个像素单元内设有像素电极222和薄膜晶体管(图未示)，像素电极222通过薄膜晶体管与邻近薄膜晶体管的数据线电性连接。其中，薄膜晶体管包括栅极、有源层、漏极以及源极，栅极与扫描线位于同一层并电性连接，栅极与有源层通过绝缘层隔离开，源极与数据线电性连接，漏极与像素电极222通过接触孔电性连接。
如图1所示，本实施例中，阵列基板22朝向第二液晶层23的一侧还设有公共电极221，公共电极221与像素电极222位于不同层并通过绝缘层绝缘隔离。公共电极221可位于像素电极222上方或下方(图1中所示为公共电极221位于像素电极222的下方)。优选地，公共电极221为整面设置的面状电极，像素电极222为在每个像素单元内整块设置的块状电极或者具有多个电极条的狭缝电极，以形成边缘场开关模式(Fringe FieldSwitching，FFS)。当然，在其他实施例中，像素电极222与公共电极221可位于同一层，但是两者相互绝缘隔离开，像素电极222和公共电极221各自均可包括多个电极条，像素电极222的电极条和公共电极221的电极条相互交替排列，以形成面内切换模式(In-PlaneSwitching，IPS)；或者，在其他实施例中，阵列基板22在朝向第二液晶层23的一侧设有像素电极222，彩膜基板21在朝向第二液晶层23的一侧设有公共电极221，以形成TN模式或VA模式。
其中，第一基板11、第二基板12、彩膜基板21以及阵列基板22可以用玻璃、丙烯酸和聚碳酸酯等材料制成。共用视角电极111、第一视角电极121、第二视角电极122、公共电极221以及像素电极222的材料可以为氧化铟锡(ITO)或氧化铟锌(IZO)等。
本实施例中，如图4所示，标识图案区110位于显示面板的中心，显示面板除标识图案区110的其他区域为非标识图案区120。当然，标识图案区110的位置也可根据LOGO图案需要显示的位置进行设置。
进一步地，第二视角电极122设有与第一视角电极121对应的避让口123，避让口123的平面图形与第一视角电极121的平面图形相同，从而使第一视角电极121可以与共用视角电极111形成垂直电场，避免第二视角电极122屏蔽第一视角电极121的信号。
本实施例中，第二视角电极122与第一视角电极121位于不同层，第二视角电极122与第一视角电极121之间通过绝缘层间隔开，从而可以避免第二视角电极122与第一视角电极121短路的风险，但是，第二视角电极122与第一视角电极121做在不同层，可能会存在反射率差异，可能会导致Logo图案在正视视角下也能被看到一点。
图27是本发明另一实施例中显示面板在宽视角时的结构示意图。
在其他实施例中，如图27所示，第二视角电极122与第一视角电极121可以位于同一层，第二视角电极122与第一视角电极121之间相互绝缘间隔开，将第二视角电极122与第一视角电极121做在同一层，从而避免第二视角电极122与第一视角电极121存在反射率差异，正视效果更好，但具有第二视角电极122与第一视角电极121短路的风险。
图6(a)是本发明中显示面板的信号线结构示意图一；图6(b)是本发明中显示面板的信号线结构示意图二。
进一步地，如图6(a)和图6(b)所示，调光盒10设有与共用视角电极111电性连接的第一信号线1、与第一视角电极121电性连接的第二信号线2以及与第二视角电极122电性连接的第三信号线3。其中，如图6(a)所示，第一信号线1、第二信号线2以及第三信号线3均围绕调光盒10的边缘引出；当然，如图6(b)所示，第一信号线1和第三信号线3均围绕调光盒10的边缘引出，第二信号线2直接由第一视角电极121引出，节省***空间。
图11是本发明中第一视角电极和第二视角电极的平面结构示意图之一；图14是本发明中第一视角电极和第二视角电极的平面结构示意图之二；图17是本发明中第一视角电极和第二视角电极的平面结构示意图之三；图20是本发明中第一视角电极和第二视角电极的平面结构示意图之四。
在其中一实施例中，如图11、图14、图17以及图20所示，第一视角电极121为梳状电极，即第一视角电极121的整体图形与LOGO图案相同，但第一视角电极121是由多个电极条组成的梳状电极。第二视角电极122在靠近第一视角电极121的区域为与第一视角电极121配合的梳状电极。其中，第二视角电极122在远离第一视角电极121的区域可以为块状电极，当然，也可以是整个第二视角电极122为梳状电极。其中，如图11、图14以及图17所示，第一视角电极121可以为纵向梳状电极，也可以如图20所示的横向梳状电极。
图23是本发明中第一视角电极和第二视角电极的平面结构示意图之五。
在另一实施例中，如图23所示，第一视角电极121的中心为块状电极，第一视角电极121的外缘为梳状电极，即第一视角电极121的整体图形与LOGO图案相同，但第一视角电极121是由块状电极和多个电极条组成。第二视角电极122在靠近第一视角电极121的区域为与第一视角电极121配合的梳状电极。其中，第二视角电极122在远离第一视角电极121的区域可以为块状电极，当然，也可以是整个第二视角电极122为梳状电极。
在另一实施例中，第一视角电极121和第二视角电极122也可均为块状电极，即第一视角电极121为与LOGO图案相同的块状电极。
图26(a)是本发明中第一视角电极和第二视角电极在一种形状下对应LOGO显示的效果图；图26(b)是本发明中第一视角电极和第二视角电极在又一种形状下对应LOGO显示的效果图；图26(c)是本发明中第一视角电极和第二视角电极在又一种形状下对应LOGO显示的效果图。
如图26(a)、26(b)和26(c)所示，图26(a)是第一视角电极121为块状电极的仿真效果图，图26(b)是第一视角电极121为梳状电极的仿真效果图，图26(c)是第一视角电极121中心为块状电极且外缘为梳状电极的仿真效果图。由图26(a)、26(b)和26(c)可以看出：图26(c)所示的第一视角电极121采用梳状电极与块状电极相结合架构，可实现侧视LOGO字体边界有不同灰阶作包裹，可以进一步增强LOGO字体效果。
在其中一实施例中，如图11、图17、图20以及图23所示，第一视角电极121与第二视角电极122在第二基板12上的投影之间可以具有间隙，即第一视角电极121的宽度小于避让口123的宽度。优选地，第一视角电极121的宽度为2-6μm，避让口123的宽度为3-10μm。例如，如图11所示，第一视角电极121的宽度为3μm，避让口123的宽度为9μm，两个相邻避让口123之间的间距为5μm，第一视角电极121与第二视角电极122在第二基板12上的投影之间的间隙为3μm。如图17和图20所示，第一视角电极121的宽度为5μm，避让口123的宽度为9μm，两个相邻避让口123之间的间距为3μm，第一视角电极121与第二视角电极122在第二基板12上的投影之间的间隙为2μm。如图23所示，第一视角电极121边缘梳状电极的宽度为5μm，避让口123与梳状电极对应部分的宽度为11μm，两个相邻避让口123之间的间距为3μm，第一视角电极121与第二视角电极122在第二基板12上的投影之间的间隙为3μm。
在另一实施例中，如图14所示，第一视角电极121与第二视角电极122在第二基板12上的投影之间部分重叠，即第一视角电极121的宽度大于避让口123的宽度。优选地，第一视角电极121的宽度为5-10μm，避让口123的宽度为3-5μm。例如，如图14所示，第一视角电极121的宽度为9μm，避让口123的宽度为3μm，两个相邻避让口123之间的间距为11μm，第一视角电极121与第二视角电极122在第二基板12上的投影之间重叠部分的宽度为3μm。
图12(a)是图11在窄视角时标识图案区和非标识图案区在正视视角下的亮度仿真图；图12(b)是图11在窄视角时标识图案区和非标识图案区在45°侧视视角下的亮度仿真图；图13(a)是图11在宽视角时标识图案区和非标识图案区在正视视角下的亮度仿真图；图13(b)是图11在宽视角时标识图案区和非标识图案区在45°侧视视角下的亮度仿真图；图15(a)是图14在窄视角时标识图案区和非标识图案区在正视视角下的亮度仿真图；图15(b)是图14在窄视角时标识图案区和非标识图案区在45°侧视视角下的亮度仿真图；图16(a)是图14在宽视角时标识图案区和非标识图案区在正视视角下的亮度仿真图；图16(b)是图14在宽视角时标识图案区和非标识图案区在45°侧视视角下的亮度仿真图。
如图11-图16(b)所示，以及结合下表一：
表一及下表中，NVA表示窄视角模式，WVA表示宽视角模式，μ表示标识图案区110的亮度与非标识图案区120的亮度之比，正视表示垂直于显示面板的视角，即0°视角，45°侧视表示视角方向与显示面板的垂线呈45°。其中，μ越接近1，表示标识图案区110的亮度与非标识图案区120的亮度越接近；μ越偏离1，表示标识图案区110的亮度与非标识图案区120的亮度相差越大。
由如图11-图16(b)所示，以及上表一可以看出：第一视角电极121为梳状电极架构中，且在窄视角模式，第一视角电极121与第二视角电极122在第二基板12上的投影之间有间隙时，侧视μ值可达约600%，但正视μ值为90%，既侧视LOGO明显，但正视显示品质可能不佳；而第一视角电极121与第二视角电极122在第二基板12上的投影之间有部分重叠时，侧视LOGO不明显，但正视差异较小。
图18(a)是图17在窄视角时标识图案区和非标识图案区在正视视角下的亮度仿真图；图18(b)是图17在窄视角时标识图案区和非标识图案区在45°侧视视角下的亮度仿真图；图19(a)是图17在宽视角时标识图案区和非标识图案区在正视视角下的亮度仿真图；图19(b)是图17在宽视角时标识图案区和非标识图案区在45°侧视视角下的亮度仿真图；图21(a)是图20在窄视角时标识图案区和非标识图案区在正视视角下的亮度仿真图；图21(b)是图20在窄视角时标识图案区和非标识图案区在45°侧视视角下的亮度仿真图；图22(a)是图20在宽视角时标识图案区和非标识图案区在正视视角下的亮度仿真图；图22(b)是图20在宽视角时标识图案区和非标识图案区在45°侧视视角下的亮度仿真图；
如图17-图22(b)所示，以及结合下表二：
由如图17-图22(b)所示，以及上表二可以看出：当第一视角电极121为横向排布梳状电极架构(图20)时，窄视角时，正视亮度差异在1%以内，但侧视μ值可接近500%，整体效果较好。
图24(a)是图23在窄视角时标识图案区和非标识图案区在正视视角下的亮度仿真图；图24(b)是图23在窄视角时标识图案区和非标识图案区在45°侧视视角下的亮度仿真图；图25(a)是图23在宽视角时标识图案区和非标识图案区在正视视角下的亮度仿真图；图25(b)是图23在宽视角时下标识图案区和非标识图案区在45°侧视视角下的亮度仿真图；
如图23-图25(b)所示，以及结合下表三：
由如图23-图25(b)所示，以及上表三可以看出：当第一视角电极121的中心为块状电极，且第一视角电极121的外缘为梳状电极的架构(图23)时，窄视角时，侧视μ值大于700%，且正视差异为1%，即正视差异较小，且侧视LOGO显示效果更好。
图7是本发明中显示面板在宽视角时的信号波形图；图8是本发明中显示装面板在窄视角时的信号波形图。
本发明还提供一种宽窄视角可切换的驱动方法，该驱动方法用于驱动如上所述的宽窄视角可切换的显示面板，该驱动方法包括：
在宽视角模式时，向共用视角电极111施加第一电信号V1，其中第一电信号V1为直流公共电压信号，向第一视角电极121和第二视角电极122均施加第二电信号V2，第二电信号V2与第一电信号V1之间的压差小于第一预设值(例如小于1.4V)。优选地，如图7所示，共用视角电极111、第一视角电极121和第二视角电极122均施加0V直流电压。共用视角电极111与第一视角电极121之间以及共用视角电极111与第二视角电极122之间基本不会形成垂直电场，第一液晶层13中的正性液晶分子基本不会发生偏转，并保持初始的平躺状态(图1)，此时调光盒10呈现宽视角显示。当然，第二电信号V2与第一电信号V1之间的压差也可大于第二预设值(例如大于5.0V)，其中第二预设值远远大于第一预设值，共用视角电极111与第一视角电极121之间以及共用视角电极111与第二视角电极122之间会形成较强的垂直电场(图2中的E2)，第一液晶层13中的正性液晶分子发生很大偏转并垂直于第一基板11和第二基板12，此时调光盒10也会呈现宽视角显示。
由于在宽视角模式时，第一视角电极121和第二视角电极122施加相同的电信号，所以标识图案区110和非标识图案区120在正视以及相同侧视视角下的透光率相同，而且标识图案区110和非标识图案区120均呈现宽视角显示。
进一步地，在宽视角模式下，作为一种实施方式，共用视角电极111、第一视角电极121和第二视角电极122均施加0V的直流电压，即第一电信号V1与第二电信号V2均为0V的直流电压。
如图8所示，在窄视角模式时，向共用视角电极111施加第一电信号V1即直流公共电压信号，向第一视角电极121施加第三电信号V3以及向第二视角电极122施加第四电信号V4，第三电信号V3与第四电信号V4的幅值不相同，第三电信号V3与第一电信号V1之间的压差和第四电信号V4与第一电信号V1之间的压差均大于第三预设值(例如大于1.5V)以及小于第四预设值(例如小于4.0V)，其中第三预设值大于等于第一预设值，第四预设值小于等于第二预设值，此时，共用视角电极111与第一视角电极121之间以及共用视角电极111与第二视角电极122之间会形成较强的垂直电场(图3中的E3和E4)，第一液晶层13中的正性液晶分子发生较大偏转，并呈倾斜状态，大视角下亮度变暗，此时调光盒10呈现窄视角显示。
由于在窄视角模式时，第一视角电极121和第二视角电极122施加幅值不同的电信号，所以标识图案区110和非标识图案区120对应第一液晶层13中的正性液晶分子发生偏转的角度不同，标识图案区110和非标识图案区120在相同侧视视角下的变暗程度也不同，标识图案区110和非标识图案区120在相同侧视视角下的透光率不同。因此在窄视角模式下，从侧视角度观看时可以突显出LOGO图案，达到增强产品的品牌效应。
进一步地，在窄视角模式下，作为一种实施方式，第三电信号V3与第四电信号V4的幅值为1.6V-2.4V，且第三电信号V3与第四电信号V4均为交流电压，第三电信号V3与第四电信号V4的幅值相差0.2V-0.5V，例如，第三电信号V3和第四电信号V4的幅值其中之一为2.0V，其中另一为1.6V。
液晶分子在长时间单一方向的电场作用下，容易出现极化现象。在窄视角模式下，第三电信号V3与第四电信号V4均采用交流电压，电场的方向不是单一方向，而是不停地变换方向，因此可以防止液晶分子在较强的垂直电场作用下出现极化现象。
图9是本发明中显示面板不同驱动电压下对应视角与透光率的仿真图之一；图10是本发明中显示面板不同驱动电压下对应视角与透光率的仿真图之二。如图9和图10所示，其中，图9是第一液晶层13的配向方向与第一偏光片31和第二偏光片32的透光轴相垂直时的透光率仿真数据图；图10是第一液晶层13的配向方向与第一偏光片31和第二偏光片32的透光轴相平行时的透光率仿真数据图。由图中可以看出，当第一视角电极121和第二视角电极122上施加的驱动电压为0V、1.2V或5V时，在不同视角(-70°～70°)下的透光率差异较小，此时为宽视角模式；当第一视角电极121和第二视角电极122上施加的驱动电压为1.6V、1.8V、2.0V、2.2V和2.4V时，在不同大视角(-70°～-30°以及30°～70°)下的透光率差异较大，而在正视视角(-30°～30°)下的透光率差异较小，此时为窄视角模式。但是在窄视角模式下，当第一视角电极121和第二视角电极122上施加的驱动电压为2.4V和2.2V时，侧视视角下的透光率较大，会导致窄视角的效果变差，因此在窄视角模式下，第一视角电极121和第二视角电极122上施加的驱动电压优选2.0V、1.8V和1.6V，例如，第一视角电极121和第二视角电极122其中之一为2.0V，其中另一为1.6V。如果需要显示较亮的LOGO图案，则第一视角电极121为1.6V；如果需要显示较暗的LOGO图案，则第一视角电极121为2.0V。当然，具体的电压值也可根据实际情况来进行调整，在具有较好窄视角情况下，优选采用使标识图案区110和非标识图案区120亮度差异最大的电信号。
图28是本发明中显示装置的结构示意图。如图28所示，本发明还提供一种显示装置，包括如上所述的宽窄视角可切换的显示面板以及背光模组40，背光模组40位于显示面板的下方，用于给显示面板提供背光源。当然，如果显示盒20采用自发光显示器，则显示装置无需额外设置背光源。
背光模组40包括背光源41和防窥层43，防窥层43用于缩小光线射出角度的范围。背光源41和防窥层43之间还设有增亮膜42，增亮膜42增加背光模组40的亮度。其中，防窥层43相当一个微型的百叶窗结构，可以阻挡入射角度较大的光线，使入射角度较小的光线穿过，使穿过防窥层43的光线的角度范围变小。防窥层43包括多个平行设置的多个光阻墙和位于相邻两个光阻墙之间的透光孔，光阻墙的两侧设有吸光材料。当然，背光源41也可以是采用集光式背光源，从而无需设置防窥层43，但是集光式背光源较常规的背光源更加昂贵。
背光模组40可以是侧入式背光模组，也可以是直下式背光模组。优选地，背光模组40采用准直背光(CBL，collimated backlight)模式，可对光线起到收光的作用，保证显示效果。
图29是本发明中显示装置的平面结构示意图之一，图30是本发明中显示装置的平面结构示意图之二。请参图29和图30，该显示装置设有视角切换按键50，用于供用户向该显示装置发出视角切换请求。视角切换按键50可以是实体按键(如图29所示)，也可以为软件控制或者应用程序(APP)来实现切换功能(如图30所示，例如通过滑动条来设定宽窄视角)。当用户需要在宽视角与窄视角之间切换时，可以通过操作视角切换按键50向该显示装置发出视角切换请求，最终由驱动芯片60控制在共用视角电极111、第一视角电极121以及第二视角电极122上施加不同的电信号，显示装置即可以实现宽视角与窄视角之间的切换，切换为宽视角时，其驱动方法采用宽角模式对应的驱动方法，切换为窄视角时，其驱动方法采用窄视角模式对应的驱动方法，因此本发明实施例的显示装置具有较强的操作灵活性和方便性，达到集娱乐视频与隐私保密于一体的多功能显示装置。
在本文中，所涉及的上、下、左、右、前、后等方位词是以附图中的结构位于图中的位置以及结构相互之间的位置来定义的，只是为了表达技术方案的清楚及方便。应当理解，所述方位词的使用不应限制本申请请求保护的范围。还应当理解，本文中使用的术语“第一”和“第二”等，仅用于名称上的区分，并不用于限制数量和顺序。
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非对本发明做任何形式上的限定，虽然本发明已以较佳实施例揭露如上，然而并非用以限定本发明，任何熟悉本专业的技术人员，在不脱离本发明技术方案范围内，当可利用上述揭示的技术内容作出些许更动或修饰，为等同变化的等效实施例，但凡是未脱离本发明技术方案内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰，均仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围之内。
 工业实用性
通过在调光盒内设置第一视角电极和第二视角电极，第一视角电极为图形化结构，在窄视角模式时，第一视角电极和第二视角电极施加幅值不同的电信号，标识图案区和非标识图案区在相同侧视视角的透光率不同，从而使得在相同侧视视角时，标识图案区和非标识图案区的亮度不同，侧视视角可以看见标识图案区对应的图形，即商标图案，以增强品牌效应；而在正视视角，标识图案区和非标识图案区的亮度的差异不明显，可以看见正常显示的画面。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种宽窄视角可切换的显示面板，其特征在于，所述显示面板具有图形化的标识图案区(110)和非标识图案区(120)，所述显示面板包括相互层叠设置的调光盒(10)和显示盒(20)；
    所述调光盒(10)包括第一基板(11)、与所述第一基板(11)相对设置的第二基板(12)以及设于所述第一基板(11)与所述第二基板(12)之间的第一液晶层(13)，所述第一基板(11)朝向所述第一液晶层(13)的一侧设有共用视角电极(111)，所述第二基板(12)朝向所述第一液晶层(13)的一侧设有与所述共用视角电极(111)相配合的第一视角电极(121)和第二视角电极(122)，所述第一视角电极(121)和所述第二视角电极(122)相互绝缘且间隔开，所述第一视角电极(121)与所述标识图案区(110)相对应，所述第二视角电极(122)与所述非标识图案区(120)相对应；
    在宽视角模式时，所述第一视角电极(121)和所述第二视角电极(122)施加幅值相同的电信号，所述标识图案区(110)和所述非标识图案区(120)在相同侧视视角的透光率相同；在窄视角模式时，所述第一视角电极(121)和所述第二视角电极(122)施加幅值不同的电信号，所述标识图案区(110)和所述非标识图案区(120)在相同侧视视角的透光率不同。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的宽窄视角可切换的显示面板，其特征在于，所述标识图案区(110)位于所述显示面板的中心。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的宽窄视角可切换的显示面板，其特征在于，所述第二视角电极(122)设于与所述第一视角电极(121)对应的避让口(123)，所述避让口(123)的平面图形与所述第一视角电极(121)的平面图形相同。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的宽窄视角可切换的显示面板，其特征在于，所述第二视角电极(122)与所述第一视角电极(121)位于同一层；或所述第二视角电极(122)与所述第一视角电极(121)位于不同层。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的宽窄视角可切换的显示面板，其特征在于，所述第一视角电极(121)与所述第二视角电极(122)在所述第二基板(12)上的投影之间具有间隙。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的宽窄视角可切换的显示面板，其特征在于，所述第一视角电极(121)与所述第二视角电极(122)在所述第二基板(12)上的投影之间部分重叠。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的宽窄视角可切换的显示面板，其特征在于，所述第一视角电极(121)为梳状电极，所述第二视角电极(122)在靠近所述第一视角电极(121)的区域为与所述第一视角电极(121)配合的梳状电极。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的宽窄视角可切换的显示面板，其特征在于，所述第一视角电极(121)和所述第二视角电极(122)均为块状电极。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的宽窄视角可切换的显示面板，其特征在于，所述第一视角电极(121)的中心为块状电极，所述第一视角电极(121)的外缘为梳状电极，所述第二视角电极(122)在靠近所述第一视角电极(121)的区域为与所述第一视角电极(121)配合的梳状电极。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的宽窄视角可切换的显示面板，其特征在于，所述调光盒(10)设有与所述共用视角电极(111)电性连接的第一信号线(1)、与所述第一视角电极(121)电性连接的第二信号线(2)以及与所述第二视角电极(122)电性连接的第三信号线(3)，所述第一信号线(1)、所述第二信号线(2)以及所述第三信号线(3)均围绕所述调光盒(10)的边缘引出；或，所述第一信号线(1)和所述第三信号线(3)均围绕所述调光盒(10)的边缘引出，所述第二信号线(2)直接由所述第一视角电极(121)引出。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的宽窄视角可切换的显示面板，其特征在于，所述显示盒(20)包括彩膜基板(21)、与所述彩膜基板(21)相对设置的阵列基板(22)以及设于所述彩膜基板(21)和所述阵列基板(22)之间的第二液晶层(23)；所述调光盒(10)远离所述显示盒(20)的一侧设有第一偏光片(31)，所述调光盒(10)与所述显示盒(20)之间设有第二偏光片(32)，所述显示盒(20)远离所述调光盒(10)的一侧设有第三偏光片(33)，所述第一偏光片(31)的透光轴与所述第二偏光片(32)的透光轴相平行，所述第三偏光片(33)的透光轴与所述第二偏光片(32)的透光轴相垂直。
  12. 一种宽窄视角可切换的显示面板的驱动方法，其特征在于，所述驱动方法用于驱动如权利要求1-11任一项所述的宽窄视角可切换的显示面板，所述驱动方法包括：
    在宽视角模式时，向共用视角电极(111)施加第一电信号(V1)，向所述第一视角电极(121)和所述第二视角电极(122)均施加第二电信号(V2)，所述第二电信号(V2)与所述第一电信号(V1)之间的压差小于第一预设值或大于第二预设值，所述标识图案区(110)和所述非标识图案区(120)在相同侧视视角的透光率相同；
    在窄视角模式时，向共用视角电极(111)施加第一电信号(V1)，向所述第一视角电极(121)施加第三电信号(V3)以及向所述第二视角电极(122)施加第四电信号(V4)，所述第三电信号(V3)与所述第四电信号(V4)的幅值不相同，所述第三电信号(V3)与所述第一电信号(V1)之间的压差和所述第四电信号(V4)与所述第一电信号(V1)之间的压差均大于第三预设值以及小于第四预设值，所述标识图案区(110)和所述非标识图案区(120)在相同侧视视角的透光率不同；
    其中，第二预设值大于第一预设值，第三预设值大于等于第一预设值，第四预设值小于等于第二预设值。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的宽窄视角可切换的显示面板的驱动方法，其特征在于，所述第一电信号(V1)与所述第二电信号(V2)均为0V的直流电压。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的宽窄视角可切换的显示面板的驱动方法，其特征在于，所述第三电信号(V3)与所述第四电信号(V4)的幅值为1.6V-2.4V。
  15. 根据权利要求12所述的宽窄视角可切换的显示面板的驱动方法，其特征在于，所述第三电信号(V3)与所述第四电信号(V4)均为交流电压。
  16. 根据权利要求12所述的宽窄视角可切换的显示面板的驱动方法，其特征在于，所述第三电信号(V3)与所述第四电信号(V4)的幅值相差0.2V-0.5V。
  17. 一种显示装置，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-11任一项所述的宽窄视角可切换的显示面板。
PCT/CN2022/085258 2022-04-06 2022-04-06 宽窄视角可切换的显示面板及驱动方法、显示装置 WO2023193132A1 (zh)

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