WO2023161075A1 - Procédé et dispositif de production d'encoches et de roues dentées - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de production d'encoches et de roues dentées Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023161075A1
WO2023161075A1 PCT/EP2023/053582 EP2023053582W WO2023161075A1 WO 2023161075 A1 WO2023161075 A1 WO 2023161075A1 EP 2023053582 W EP2023053582 W EP 2023053582W WO 2023161075 A1 WO2023161075 A1 WO 2023161075A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tool
tooth
skiving
produced
cutting edges
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2023/053582
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Karsten Zimmermann
Original Assignee
Profilator Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Profilator Gmbh & Co. Kg filed Critical Profilator Gmbh & Co. Kg
Publication of WO2023161075A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023161075A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
    • B23F5/00—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made
    • B23F5/12—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made by planing or slotting
    • B23F5/16—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made by planing or slotting the tool having a shape similar to that of a spur wheel or part thereof
    • B23F5/163—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made by planing or slotting the tool having a shape similar to that of a spur wheel or part thereof the tool and workpiece being in crossed axis arrangement, e.g. skiving, i.e. "Waelzschaelen"
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
    • B23F17/00—Special methods or machines for making gear teeth, not covered by the preceding groups
    • B23F17/006—Special methods or machines for making gear teeth, not covered by the preceding groups using different machines or machining operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
    • B23F19/00—Finishing gear teeth by other tools than those used for manufacturing gear teeth
    • B23F19/002—Modifying the theoretical tooth flank form, e.g. crowning

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for manufacturing a gear wheel with a first step in which a toothing having teeth with tooth flanks is produced, for example by means of a hobbing process such as skiving, with a second step in which protuberances are produced in the area between a tooth root of the teeth and a root form circle by a machining process and with a third step in which only in one or more first parts areas of the width of the gear deposits in the tooth flanks are generated.
  • the invention also relates to a device for carrying out the method.
  • DE 102005049528Al describes a device and a method for producing sliding sleeves.
  • internal gearing is produced in a ring-shaped workpiece by skiving.
  • DE 10002188 A1 describes a backing tool that has cutting edges and is driven in rotation about an axis of rotation that runs parallel to the axis of rotation of the workpiece.
  • DE 10 2008 037514 A1 describes the production of gears with a skiving device.
  • the skiving wheel When skiving, the skiving wheel has teeth that form a plurality of cutting teeth, each cutting tooth having two cutting teeth adjacent to an end face.
  • the skiving wheel engages in the toothing of the work wheel to be produced in the manner of a helical gear.
  • the tool axis and the workpiece axis are skewed to each other during skiving. If the skiving wheel has a cylindrical shape, the tool axis must be inclined slightly away from the workpiece axis in order to generate a kinematic clearance angle. This is not necessary when using a frustoconical skiving wheel.
  • the common plummet of the two axes can run through the contact point of the tool on the workpiece.
  • the tool can be advanced in the direction in which the width of the teeth extends. The chip removal essentially takes place in the axial direction of the tool.
  • Sliding sleeves are formed by internally toothed gears in which the tooth flanks have deposits.
  • the deposits are recesses running over a partial area of the width extension of the tooth flanks.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying measures with which, on the one hand, the cutting conditions for working in the deposits are improved and, on the other hand, a weakening of the tooth is largely avoided.
  • the protuberances that reduce the material thickness of the tooth base extend only over a partial area of the width of the tooth flanks, namely only over a width area in which the deposits also extend.
  • the width range of the underlays overlaps the width range of the prominences.
  • a first partial area of a width of the toothing has the deposits.
  • the partial area can be 10%, 20% or 30% of the width of a tooth flank.
  • the protuberance also extends only over a portion of the width of the toothing.
  • This second sub-area can have the same width extension as the first sub-area in which the deposit is located. However, it is sufficient if the two partial areas overlap, so that an overlapping area is formed.
  • the toothing is preferably produced by skiving.
  • the toothing can be produced using the known toothing methods, in particular those that work in a rolling manner. Processes such as slotting, broaching, milling, in particular hobbing, and, particularly preferred for frame gears, skiving come into consideration here.
  • the protuberances can be manufactured using similar methods and in particular the method of skiving, hobbing or gear shaping. However, machining the tooth flank with an end mill is also an option. Methods such as those described in DE 103 29413 A1 or DE 10 2014 108438 A1 can be used for the deposits. In this method, a backing tool can be used that has at least one cutting edge.
  • the protuberances are also produced using the skiving method.
  • the skiving tool then only engages in the second partial area in the tooth flanks that have already been machined in the first process step.
  • the contours of the cutting edges of the cutting teeth of the two skiving tools are different from one another.
  • the cutting edge of the skiving tool which is used to produce the toothing, can have a section that machines the region of the tooth flank adjoining the tip of the tooth of the toothing. This base section of the cutting tooth has a greater thickness than the corresponding section of the cutting tooth of the second skiving tool with which the protuberance is produced.
  • the root section of the cutting tooth of the second skiving tool is therefore slimmer than that of the first skiving tool. It is set back in the area of the involute in such a way that no processing takes place there. When manufacturing the protuberance takes place thus no chip removal in the area of the tooth of the workpiece close to the tooth tip. With regard to the contour of the cutting edges in the area of the section with which the area of the tooth adjoining the tooth root is machined, it is exactly the other way around.
  • the section of the cutting tooth producing the protuberances, ie the head section there, is made thicker than the corresponding section of the first tool with which the toothing is produced.
  • the cutting tooth that produces the protuberance has a greater height than the cutting tooth with which the toothing is produced in the first step.
  • the protuberance can then extend not only over the region of the tooth flank adjacent to the tooth root, but also over the tooth root.
  • the backings are produced essentially according to the method described in DE 100 02 188 A1. While in the first two process steps, which are gear skiving steps, the axes of the rotary-driven workpiece and the rotary-driven tool are skewed to one another, the two axes can run parallel to one another when manufacturing the backings. The feed can take place in the radial direction, based on the workpiece.
  • a rotationally driven cutter head of the backing tool can have several cutting edges, which are arranged one behind the other in the axial direction.
  • the backing tool can be a gear-shaped tool.
  • the backing tool can also have just one or a large number of individual cutting edges.
  • the backing tool can also be designed in such a way that only one cutting edge is provided for each backing.
  • the device according to the invention is essentially a CNC machine with a plurality of axes.
  • the device can have a workpiece axis driven in rotation, a first tool axis driven in rotation, which carries the skiving tool for manufacturing the gearing, a second axis driven in rotation, which carries the skiving tool for manufacturing the protuberances, and a third axis of rotation, which carries the backing tool that can be driven in rotation about an axis of rotation.
  • the three tool axes can be fed to the workpiece or positioned on the workpiece under the control of a control device. They can be rotated with the control device, which is synchronized with the rotation of the workpiece, which is also caused by the control device. In addition, they can also be advanced in relation to the workpiece with the aid of the control device.
  • the control device is programmed in such a way that when the device is in operation, a gear wheel is manufactured according to the method features described above.
  • FIG. 1 shows a gear skiving device according to DE 10 2005 049528 A1, with which the toothing can be introduced in a first method step and protuberances can be introduced into the toothing in a second method step, in a sectional first view,
  • FIG. 2 shows the tool/workpiece arrangement according to FIG. 1 in a view rotated by 90 degrees
  • Fig. 3 shows a device for generating deposits, as described in DE 100 02188 A1, with the third process step deposits are introduced into the toothing at the points where the protuberances were produced in the second process step,
  • FIG. 4 shows a view of the tool/workpiece arrangement shown in FIG. 3 rotated by 90 degrees
  • FIG. 5 shows a partial section through a tooth system, with protuberances that locally reduce the thickness of the tooth being denoted by the reference number 11 in the area of a tooth base 10,
  • FIG. 6 shows a view looking in direction VI in FIG. 5 onto a tooth flank 8 of a tooth 6,
  • FIG. 7 shows a representation according to FIG. 5, but after the production of the protuberances 11 and before the production of the deposits 12,
  • FIG. 8 shows a view looking in direction VIII in FIG. 7,
  • FIG. 9 shows an illustration looking in direction IX in FIG. 7 and FIG. 10 shows the course of a cutting edge 16 of a cutting tooth of a first skiving tool, with which the toothing is produced, and a cutting edge 19 of a cutting tooth of a second skiving tool, with which the protuberance is produced .
  • a first peeling tool 3 is rotationally driven by a first tool axis a toothing 5 is introduced into the workpiece 1 in the skiving process.
  • work wheels that are toothed on the outside can also be provided with a tooth system.
  • the tool axis 4 of the tool 3 is pivoted at an axis crossing angle E relative to the workpiece axis 2 of the workpiece 1.
  • the tool axis 4 can also have an inclination angle - Have kel q to the tool axis 2.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show both the first process step and the second process step.
  • the second process step differs from the first process step on the one hand by the skiving tool used. The main difference, however, is the Abundant engagement of the second skiving tool in the tooth flanks 8 of the toothing 5.
  • a radial infeed initially takes place, during which the cutting edges of the second cutting tool 3' enter the tooth flanks 5 , in order to produce the protuberances 11 by removing material from the tooth flanks 5 in an area which is adjacent to the tooth root 10 .
  • the axis crossing angle can already be large enough to produce the protuberances 11 without further feed.
  • the tool can also be shifted over a short distance in the axial direction, i.e. in the direction of the width of the toothing.
  • the protuberances 11 then only extend over a partial area over the entire width B of the tooth flank 8 and over a height that protrudes from the tooth root 10 to a root form circle 9 .
  • the tooth flank between root form circle 9 and tooth crest 7 is not machined.
  • the protuberances 11 produced in this way thus extend over a partial area of the tooth flank 8 which is spaced apart from the two end faces of the gear wheel 1 .
  • the protuberances 11 can extend to the base of the tooth. However, they can also extend beyond that into the core area of the workpiece 1 .
  • deposits 12 are cut into the tooth flanks 8 with a third tool, which is a deposit tool, as shown in FIGS.
  • the deposits 12 are essentially worked into the tooth flanks 8 where the protuberances 11 have been generated.
  • the length h of the protuberance 11 measured in the width extension of the tooth 6 can deviate from the length h of the backing 12 also measured in the width extension of the tooth 6 .
  • the length h of the protuberance 11 is somewhat less than the length 12 of the backing. In an embodiment not shown, however, the conditions can be the other way around. However, the two lengths h and h can also be the same.
  • the section of the backing 12 that lies between the tooth base 10 and the base form circle 9 lies entirely in the region of a protuberance 11 . It can thus be provided in particular that the entire width extension I2 of the backing 12 is greater than the width extension 11 of the protuberance 11, but the width extension 11 is greater than or at least equal to the width extension I2 of the backing 12 in the area between the root form circle 9 and tooth base 10, the position of the root form circle 9 being able to be defined by the radial distance of an edge of the protuberance 11 from the tooth base 10.
  • the backings 12 can extend over a greater height than the protuberances 11, based on the tooth height h1, 112. In the exemplary embodiment, the backings 12 do not extend into the area of the tooth root 10. However, it can also be provided that the deposits 12 extend into the area of the tooth base 10 or beyond the area of the tooth base 10 into the core area of the workpiece 1.
  • FIG. 10 shows, by way of example, the contours of the cutting edges 16 of a first skiving tool 3 and of the cutting edges 19 of a second skiving tool 3' in a superimposed position.
  • the contour differs in that the section 18 of the first skiving tool 3, which machines the tooth flank 8 adjoining the tooth crest 7, is thicker than the corresponding section 21 of the second skiving tool 3'.
  • the tooth flanks 8 are therefore not machined with the cutting tooth that produces the protuberances 11 .
  • the tooth flanks 8 can extend along an involute.
  • the protuberances 11 can also extend along an involute, which, however, merges into the area of the tooth flank 8 between the tip of the tooth 7 and the root form circle 9 at the root form circle, forming a kink.
  • the protuberances 11 extend only essentially over the partial area of the tooth width into which the backings 12 are also incorporated.
  • a method which is characterized in that the section 18 of the cutting edges 16 of the first tool 3 adjoining the tooth tip 7 and machining the region of the tooth flank 8 is thicker than the corresponding section 21 of the cutting edges 19 of the second tool 3 ' and that the section 20 of the cutting edges 19 of the second tool 3' that machines the protuberances 11 is thicker than the corresponding section 17 of the first tool 3.
  • a device which is characterized in that the control device 22 is set up in such a way that during the operation of the device a gear wheel 1 is manufactured according to the method according to one of claims 1 to 6.
  • a device which is characterized in that the third tool 13 is a cutting edge tool that can be driven in rotation about a workpiece axis 2 parallel to it.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Gear Processing (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif et un procédé de production d'une roue dentée, le procédé comprenant : une première étape, dans laquelle une denture (5), comprenant des dents (6) ayant des flancs de dent (8), est produite par taillage en développante ; une deuxième étape, dans laquelle des protubérances (11) sont produites dans la région entre une racine de dent (10) des dents (6) et un cercle de formation de racine (9) par un processus d'usinage ; et une troisième étape, dans laquelle des encoches (12) sont produites dans les flancs de dent (8) uniquement dans une ou plusieurs premières parties (l1) de la largeur (B) de la denture (5). Afin d'augmenter la stabilité des dents de la denture, selon l'invention, les protubérances (11) s'étendent uniquement au-delà de secondes parties (l2) de la largeur (B) de la denture (5), lesquelles secondes parties ont chacune une région de chevauchement avec la première partie (l1).
PCT/EP2023/053582 2022-02-24 2023-02-14 Procédé et dispositif de production d'encoches et de roues dentées WO2023161075A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102022104454.8A DE102022104454A1 (de) 2022-02-24 2022-02-24 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Hinterlegungen und Zahnrädern
DE102022104454.8 2022-02-24

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WO2023161075A1 true WO2023161075A1 (fr) 2023-08-31

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Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10002188A1 (de) 2000-01-19 2001-07-26 Werner Hermann Wera Werke Vorrichtung nebst Schneidwerkzeug zum Erzeugen von Hinterlegungen an Zahnflanken innen - oder aussenverzahnter Werkräder
DE10329413A1 (de) 2003-07-01 2005-02-24 Wera-Werk Hermann Werner Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zum Hinterlegen der Zähne verzahnter Werkstücke
DE102005049528A1 (de) 2005-10-17 2007-05-10 Profilator Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zum Herstellen von Schiebemuffen
DE102008037514A1 (de) 2008-11-03 2010-05-06 Profilator Gmbh & Co. Kg Wälzschälvorrichtung und -verfahren
WO2012152660A1 (fr) 2011-05-06 2012-11-15 Klingelnberg Ag Procédé de décolletage en développante pour décolleter en développante et dispositif correspondant doté d'un outil de décolletage en développante
EP2537615A1 (fr) 2011-06-21 2012-12-26 Klingelnberg AG Procédé robuste de taillage de cylindres et dispositif correspondant doté d'un outil de taillage de cylindres
DE102014108438A1 (de) 2014-06-16 2015-12-17 Profilator Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zum Einarbeiten von Hinterlegungen in Zahnflanken der Zähne von Zahnrädern
US20160096230A1 (en) * 2013-05-06 2016-04-07 Dmg Mori Seiki Advanced Solutions, Inc. Generative Gear Machining Method and Apparatus
EP3670051A1 (fr) * 2018-12-17 2020-06-24 hGears Holding GmbH Machine-outil pour la fabrication d'engrenages et composants avec un profil interne rainure

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017006651A1 (de) 2017-07-13 2019-01-17 Gleason-Pfauter Maschinenfabrik Gmbh Verfahren zum Erzeugen eines verzahnten Werkstücks

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10002188A1 (de) 2000-01-19 2001-07-26 Werner Hermann Wera Werke Vorrichtung nebst Schneidwerkzeug zum Erzeugen von Hinterlegungen an Zahnflanken innen - oder aussenverzahnter Werkräder
DE10329413A1 (de) 2003-07-01 2005-02-24 Wera-Werk Hermann Werner Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zum Hinterlegen der Zähne verzahnter Werkstücke
DE102005049528A1 (de) 2005-10-17 2007-05-10 Profilator Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zum Herstellen von Schiebemuffen
DE102008037514A1 (de) 2008-11-03 2010-05-06 Profilator Gmbh & Co. Kg Wälzschälvorrichtung und -verfahren
WO2012152660A1 (fr) 2011-05-06 2012-11-15 Klingelnberg Ag Procédé de décolletage en développante pour décolleter en développante et dispositif correspondant doté d'un outil de décolletage en développante
EP2537615A1 (fr) 2011-06-21 2012-12-26 Klingelnberg AG Procédé robuste de taillage de cylindres et dispositif correspondant doté d'un outil de taillage de cylindres
US20160096230A1 (en) * 2013-05-06 2016-04-07 Dmg Mori Seiki Advanced Solutions, Inc. Generative Gear Machining Method and Apparatus
DE102014108438A1 (de) 2014-06-16 2015-12-17 Profilator Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zum Einarbeiten von Hinterlegungen in Zahnflanken der Zähne von Zahnrädern
EP3670051A1 (fr) * 2018-12-17 2020-06-24 hGears Holding GmbH Machine-outil pour la fabrication d'engrenages et composants avec un profil interne rainure

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