WO2023153268A1 - Dispositif de détection d'anomalie - Google Patents

Dispositif de détection d'anomalie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023153268A1
WO2023153268A1 PCT/JP2023/002993 JP2023002993W WO2023153268A1 WO 2023153268 A1 WO2023153268 A1 WO 2023153268A1 JP 2023002993 W JP2023002993 W JP 2023002993W WO 2023153268 A1 WO2023153268 A1 WO 2023153268A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
temperature
machine tool
spindle
abnormality
detected
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2023/002993
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
静雄 西川
章太 田中
雅宣 中崎
和哉 大越
Original Assignee
Dmg森精機株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dmg森精機株式会社 filed Critical Dmg森精機株式会社
Publication of WO2023153268A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023153268A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
    • B23Q11/12—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
    • B23Q11/14—Methods or arrangements for maintaining a constant temperature in parts of machine tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an abnormality detection device for machine tools.
  • an abnormality detection device that detects an abnormality in a machine tool based on the temperature detected by a temperature sensor provided on the machine tool.
  • this abnormality detection device has a spindle temperature sensor and a clock section for measuring the coasting time when the rotation of the spindle is stopped. Based on the relationship between the coasting time and the spindle temperature detected by the spindle temperature sensor, it is determined whether or not there is an abnormality in the spindle.
  • Abnormalities of the spindle that can be detected by this abnormality detection device include, for example, roughness of the bearing raceway surface of the spindle, occurrence of rust on the raceway surface, and generation of foreign matter inside the bearing.
  • the abnormality detection device of Patent Document 1 detects an abnormality such as roughness of the raceway surface of the spindle or the occurrence of rust. It is conceivable to detect an abnormal temperature rise in the machine tool caused by heat generated by the motor or the addition of an external heat source. However, in the abnormality detection device of Patent Document 1, the abnormality detection process is executed only during the machining operation of the machine tool. Even so, there is a problem that a thermal abnormality cannot be detected when the machining operation of the machine tool is stopped.
  • the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is an abnormality detection device for a machine tool, comprising: a temperature detection unit for detecting a temperature in a machining area of the machine tool or a temperature related to the temperature in the machining area; In a non-machining state in which the machining operation of the machine tool is stopped, if the detected temperature detected by the temperature detection unit is equal to or higher than a preset threshold temperature, a predetermined thermal abnormality has occurred in the machine tool. and a thermal abnormality determination unit that determines that the predetermined thermal abnormality does not occur when the detected temperature is lower than the threshold temperature.
  • this abnormality detection device when the machine tool is in a non-machining state in which the machining operation is stopped, the temperature of the machining area or its related temperature exceeds the threshold temperature due to, for example, the heat generated by the spindle motor or the addition of an external heat source.
  • the thermal abnormality determination section determines that a predetermined thermal abnormality has occurred in the machine tool. Therefore, it is possible to reliably detect a thermal abnormality that occurs when the machining operation of the machine tool is stopped.
  • the thermal abnormality determination unit determines that a thermal abnormality has occurred, for example, an alarm device or a thermal abnormality avoidance device for avoiding the thermal abnormality is activated to improve safety. be able to.
  • the related temperature is not a temperature that directly indicates the temperature within the processing area, but is a temperature that is correlated with the temperature within the processing area. Examples include the temperature, the temperature of a part whose temperature in the machining area can be estimated, the temperature of a part that affects the temperature in the machining area, or the temperature of a part that is affected by the temperature in the machining area.
  • the temperature detection unit may be provided in a spindle housing that rotatably holds the spindle, and may be composed of a temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the spindle housing. ) is detected as a related temperature related to the temperature in the machining area.
  • the machine tool may include a thermal displacement correction unit that corrects a feed movement amount of a feed mechanism provided in the machine tool based on the temperature of the spindle housing detected by the spindle temperature sensor. can.
  • the temperature sensor for detecting the related temperature related to the temperature in the machining area and the temperature sensor for correcting the thermal displacement of the machine tool are used together, parts can be shared. As a result, the device cost can be reduced.
  • the temperature detection unit can be composed of a temperature sensor provided on a cover member that covers the periphery of a spindle housing that rotatably holds the spindle. It is possible to employ a mode in which the temperature is detected as the temperature within the processing area.
  • the temperature in the machining area can be directly detected by the temperature sensor attached to the cover member that covers the periphery of the spindle housing.
  • the thermal abnormality determination unit determines that a predetermined thermal abnormality has occurred, an alarm is issued by the alarm device. As a result, it is possible to further improve the safety when a thermal abnormality occurs in the machine tool.
  • the machine tool includes a spindle, a spindle housing that rotatably holds the spindle, a cooling liquid supply device that supplies cooling liquid to the spindle housing, and a device that detects whether the cooling liquid supply device is operating normally.
  • the thermal abnormality determination unit determines whether the cooling liquid supply device is operating normally by the cooling determination unit in the non-machining state. When the detected temperature detected by the temperature detection unit is equal to or higher than the threshold temperature, it is determined that the predetermined thermal abnormality has occurred in the machine tool. can be adopted.
  • the thermal abnormality determination unit determines that the machine tool has a thermal abnormality. Therefore, a serious thermal abnormality that cannot be avoided even if the coolant supply device is operating normally can be reliably detected by the abnormality detection device.
  • a temperature detection unit that detects the temperature in a machining area of a machine tool or a related temperature related to the temperature in the machining area
  • a thermal abnormality determination unit that determines that a predetermined thermal abnormality has occurred in the machine tool when the detected temperature detected by the temperature detection unit is equal to or higher than a preset threshold temperature in the state.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing a machine tool provided with an abnormality detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the arrangement position of a spindle temperature sensor and the outline of the cooling structure of the spindle
  • 3 is a control block diagram showing part of the control system of the machine tool
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing the contents of normal processing control executed by a control device
  • 4 is a flowchart showing an example of thermal abnormality detection processing executed by the control device
  • FIG. 2 is a view equivalent to FIG. 2 showing an example of another embodiment
  • FIG. 1 is a right side view showing a machine tool 1 having an abnormality detection device 50 according to the embodiment.
  • This machine tool 1 is a horizontal machining center and includes a bed 2, a column 3, a spindle head 5, a spindle 6, a table 7 and the like.
  • the machine tool 1 is entirely covered with a cover body 12 . Note that FIG. 1 showing the entire machine tool 1 shows only the essential parts, which are the main constituent elements of the machine tool 1 .
  • the bed 2 is generally formed in a T-shape in a plan view, and the table 7 is arranged on the bed 2 and guided by a guide rail (not shown) in the longitudinal direction of the bed 2, that is, horizontally. It is provided so as to move in the direction of the arrow Z-axis.
  • a work W to be processed is set on the table 7 through a pallet P. As shown in FIG.
  • the column 3 is arranged on the bed 2 and guided by a guide rail 4 so as to move in the X-axis direction (perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 1) perpendicular to the Z-axis.
  • a spindle head 5 is supported on the column 3 .
  • the spindle head 5 has a spindle housing 5a (see FIG. 2) that rotatably holds the spindle 6 by means of bearings (not shown), and rotates along the vertical arrow Y-axis perpendicular to the X-axis and Z-axis. is held on the column 3 so as to be movable in the direction of Thus, the spindle head 5 moves within the X-Y plane.
  • the column 3 is driven to feed in the X-axis direction by an X-axis feed mechanism (not shown), the spindle head 5 is driven to feed in the Y-axis direction by a Y-axis feed mechanism (not shown), and the table 7 is driven to feed in the Z-axis direction. It is driven to feed in the Z-axis direction by a feed mechanism (not shown).
  • X-axis feed mechanism, Y-axis feed mechanism, and Z-axis feed mechanism are configured by, for example, a combination of a ball screw and a motor.
  • Each feed mechanism, the main shaft 6 and a main shaft motor (not shown) for driving the main shaft 6 function as a machining mechanism section 10 .
  • a protective cover 9 is provided on the front side of the column 3 .
  • the protective cover 9 is constructed by connecting a plurality of divided cover bodies by a pantograph mechanism (not shown) provided on the rear side thereof.
  • the protective cover 9 is arranged so as to separate the space above the bed 2 into a machining area A1 where the table 7 is arranged and a non-machining area A2 where the column 3 is arranged.
  • the machining mechanism 10 changes the relative positions of the tool K mounted on the spindle 6 and the workpiece W set on the table 7 under the control of a control device 30 (see FIG. 3), which will be described later. Process W into a desired shape.
  • the machine tool 1 includes a cutting fluid supply device 13 (see FIG. 3) that supplies cutting fluid to the machining area A1 for the purpose of cooling and lubricating the machined portion and discharging chips, and a spindle housing 5a that holds the spindle 6. and a cooling liquid supply device 14 for supplying cooling liquid to the .
  • the cutting fluid supply device 13 sucks the cutting fluid stored in the storage tank by means of a supply pump (none of which is shown) and supplies the sucked cutting fluid to the part of the workpiece W to be machined. After being supplied, the cutting fluid is collected in the storage tank through a return pipe connected to the bottom of the bed 2 .
  • the coolant supply device 14 is connected to a supply pipe 17 connected to the base end of the spindle housing 5a and a return pipe 18 connected to the tip of the spindle housing 5a.
  • a cooling passage (not shown) is formed through which the cooling liquid supplied from the supply pipe 17 is helically circulated around the axis of the spindle 6 and then discharged to the return pipe 18.
  • the cooling liquid supply device 14 supplies the cooling liquid to the cooling passage through the supply pipe 17 and recovers the cooling liquid through the return pipe 18 .
  • the coolant supply device 14 compares the temperature of the collected coolant with the target temperature, controls the coolant to the target temperature based on the comparison, and supplies the coolant to the supply pipe 17 .
  • the cooling liquid circulates between the cooling passage and the cooling liquid supply device 14, thereby cooling the main shaft 6 and the main shaft housing 5a.
  • the machine tool 1 has a control device 30.
  • the control device 30 is composed of a computer including a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, etc., and controls the machining mechanism section 10, the cutting fluid supply device 13, the cooling fluid supply device 14, the operation panel 15, the alarm device 16, and the spindle. It is connected to the internal temperature sensor 25 and the like so that signals can be sent and received.
  • the control device 30, the coolant supply device 14, and the spindle temperature sensor 25 constitute an abnormality detection device 50. As shown in FIG.
  • the operation panel 15 has an operation unit for performing various settings and operation commands for the machine tool 1 and a display unit for displaying the operating status of the machine tool 1 (both not shown).
  • the operation unit includes a power button of the machine tool 1, a cycle execution button for causing the machine tool 1 to execute machining operations based on the NC program, and the like.
  • the alarm device 16 is a device that gives an alarm when a predetermined thermal abnormality occurs in the machine tool 1, and is composed of, for example, an alarm speaker and an alarm lamp.
  • the thermal abnormality of the machine tool 1 means that the machine tool 1 has a predetermined abnormal temperature rise due to heat generation of components of the machine tool 1 (spindle motor, etc.) or heat generated from an external heat source other than the components. means a state that arises.
  • the spindle temperature sensor 25 is arranged so that its tip detection part is located at the tip of the spindle housing 5a (see FIG. 2).
  • the spindle temperature sensor 25 detects the temperature of the spindle housing 5 a and transmits the detected temperature information to the control device 30 .
  • the spindle temperature sensor 25 functions as a temperature detection unit, and the temperature of the spindle housing 5a detected by the spindle temperature sensor 25 is used as the temperature related to the machining area A1 in the thermal abnormality detection process described later. be done.
  • the control device 30 estimates the amount of thermal displacement at the tip of the spindle 6 based on the temperature Ta detected by the spindle temperature sensor 25 when causing the machining mechanism section 10 to perform the machining operation of the workpiece W, and calculates the estimated amount of thermal displacement. is controlled (corrected) for the feed movement amount of each of the feed mechanisms. As will be described later, the control device 30 determines whether or not the thermal abnormality has occurred based on the temperature Ta detected by the spindle temperature sensor 25 as the relevant temperature related to the machining area A1. Thus, the control device 30 functions as a thermal displacement correction section and a thermal abnormality determination section.
  • step S1 it is determined whether or not the power button is turned on based on the operation signal from the operation panel 15. If the determination is NO, the process returns, and if the determination is YES, the process proceeds to step S2. .
  • step S2 the coolant supply device 14 is operated to circulate the coolant between the coolant supply device 14 and the cooling passage in the spindle housing 5a.
  • step S3 the cutting fluid supply device 13 is operated to supply the cutting fluid into the machining area.
  • step S4 based on the operation signal from the operation panel 15, it is determined whether or not the cycle execution button has been turned on. proceed to
  • step S5 by executing the NC program stored in the program storage unit (not shown), the processing mechanism unit 10 is caused to execute the machining operation based on the NC program. During this machining operation, as described above, the thermal displacement correction control based on the detected temperature Ta of the spindle temperature sensor 25 is executed in parallel.
  • step S6 it is determined whether or not the machining operation based on the NC program has ended. return.
  • step S10 it is determined whether or not the machine tool 1 is in the non-machining state. If the determination is NO, the process proceeds to step S15, and if the determination is YES, the process proceeds to step S11.
  • the determination in step S10 is made based on the execution status of the NC program in the control device 30, for example. That is, when the NC program is not being executed, it is determined that the machine tool 1 is in the non-machining state, and when the NC program is being executed, it is determined that the machine tool 1 is in the processing state. do.
  • the machining state is a state in which the machining mechanism unit 10 is operating based on the NC program
  • the non-machining state is a state in which the operation of the machining mechanism unit 10 is stopped (the NC program itself is not being executed, or the NC program is interrupted during execution), and whether or not the workpiece W is actually being machined is irrelevant for the determination. Therefore, for example, a state in which the machining mechanism unit 10 is being trial-run based on the NC program without setting the workpiece W on the table 7 corresponds to a machining in progress state.
  • step S11 it is determined whether or not the detected temperature Ta detected by the spindle temperature sensor 25 is equal to or higher than a preset first threshold temperature T1 as the related temperature within the machining area A1. If so, return, and if YES, go to step S12.
  • step S12 it is determined whether or not the coolant supply device 14 is operating normally. This determination is based on, for example, the number of revolutions of a circulation pump that constitutes the cooling liquid supply device 14, the temperature difference between the cooling liquid flowing through the supply pipe 17 and the return pipe 18 (that is, the amount of cooling by the cooling liquid supply device 14), and the like. is performed on The control device 30 also functions as a cooling determination unit by executing this step S12.
  • step S13 it is determined that the machine tool 1 has a thermal abnormality, and the alarm device 16 is activated. This makes it possible for the operator of the machine tool 1 and workers in the vicinity to recognize the occurrence of the thermal abnormality. After executing the process of step S13, the process returns.
  • step S15 which is followed when the determination in step S10 is NO, it is determined whether or not the temperature Ta detected by the spindle temperature sensor 25 is equal to or higher than a preset second threshold temperature T2. On the other hand, if the answer is YES, the process proceeds to step S16.
  • the second threshold temperature T2 is a threshold temperature for detecting whether or not the thermal abnormality occurs when the machine tool 1 is in the machining state, and is higher than the first threshold temperature T1. set high.
  • step S16 the machining operation of the machining mechanism section 10 is stopped by interrupting or canceling the execution of the NC program, and then the process proceeds to step S12.
  • the processing after step S12 is as described above.
  • the controller 30 determines that the detected temperature Ta detected by the spindle temperature sensor 25 is equal to or higher than the preset first threshold temperature T1 in the non-machining state of the machine tool 1, is configured to determine that the machine tool 1 has a thermal abnormality.
  • control device 30 determines that the detection temperature Ta detected by the spindle temperature sensor 25 is equal to or higher than the preset first threshold temperature T1 even though the coolant supply device 14 is operating normally. It is configured to determine that a thermal abnormality has occurred in the machine tool 1 when it is determined that it is.
  • control device 30 can reliably detect a serious thermal abnormality that cannot be avoided even if the coolant supply device 14 is operating normally.
  • the control device 30 is configured to activate the alarm device 16 when the thermal abnormality is detected. As a result, not only the operator of the machine tool 1 but also the surrounding workers can recognize the occurrence of the thermal abnormality, thereby improving the safety.
  • the control device 30 is configured to perform thermal displacement correction during workpiece machining based on the temperature Ta detected by the spindle temperature sensor 25. Also used as a sensor.
  • the spindle temperature sensor 25 has been described as an example of a temperature sensor that detects the temperature related to the temperature in the machining area A1.
  • the temperature of the bed 2 and the temperature of the column 3 may be detected by similar temperature sensors as related temperatures related to the internal temperature. That is, the related temperature related to the temperature in the processing area A1 may be the temperature of any part as long as it changes with the temperature in the processing area A1.
  • the temperature of the processing area A1 may be directly detected by the temperature sensor 26.
  • the temperature sensor (area temperature sensor) 26 is attached to the surface of the sheet-metal spindle cover 20 (an example of the cover member) surrounding the spindle housing 5a, but the present invention is limited to this. Instead, for example, it may be attached to the inner surface of the cover body 12 surrounding the processing area A1.
  • the temperature of the processing area A1 detected by the area temperature sensor 26 is set as the detected temperature Ta, and the process shown in FIG. 5 is executed.
  • a thermocouple or a camera (thermography) that detects infrared rays may be employed.
  • the control device 30 is configured to activate the alarm device 16 when a thermal abnormality of the machine tool 1 is detected.
  • a thermal abnormality avoidance device for example, a device that injects cooling liquid or gas into the processing area A1 can be employed.
  • the thermal abnormality avoidance device may be activated when the temperature exceeds a third threshold temperature T3 that is higher than T3. According to this, since the thermal abnormality avoidance device needs to be activated only when the degree of thermal abnormality (abnormality level) is high, unnecessary operation of the thermal abnormality avoidance device can be prevented.
  • the controller 30 controls the temperature Ta detected by the spindle temperature sensor 25 to exceed the first threshold temperature T1 even though the coolant supply device 14 is operating normally (steps S11 and (If both are YES in S12), it is determined that the machine tool 1 has a thermal abnormality, but the present invention is not limited to this. That is, when step S12 is eliminated and the temperature Ta detected by the temperature sensors 25 and 26 exceeds the first threshold temperature T1, the machine tool 1 It may be determined that a thermal anomaly has occurred.
  • A1 processing area T1 first threshold temperature (threshold temperature) Ta Detected temperature 1 Machine tool 5 Spindle head 5a Spindle housing 6 Spindle 16 Alarm device 20 Spindle cover (cover member) 25 Main shaft temperature sensor (temperature detection unit) 26 area temperature sensor (temperature detector) 30 control device (thermal abnormality determination unit, cooling determination unit) 50 Abnormality detection device

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Machine Tool Sensing Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Numerical Control (AREA)

Abstract

Dispositif de détection d'anomalie (50) comprenant : une unité de détection de température (25) qui détecte la température dans une zone de traitement d'une machine-outil, ou une température associée qui est liée à la température dans la zone de traitement ; et une unité de détermination d'anomalie thermique (30) qui, pendant un état de non traitement dans lequel une opération de traitement de la machine-outil est arrêtée, détermine qu'une anomalie thermique prescrite s'est produite dans la machine-outil si la température détectée qui a été détectée par l'unité de détection de température (25) est supérieure ou égale à une température seuil prédéfinie, et détermine que l'anomalie thermique prescrite n'a pas eu lieu si la température détectée est inférieure à la température seuil.
PCT/JP2023/002993 2022-02-09 2023-01-31 Dispositif de détection d'anomalie WO2023153268A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2022-018587 2022-02-09
JP2022018587A JP7208425B1 (ja) 2022-02-09 2022-02-09 異常検出装置

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WO2023153268A1 true WO2023153268A1 (fr) 2023-08-17

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000263377A (ja) * 1999-03-17 2000-09-26 Ntn Corp 金型加工装置
WO2005092769A1 (fr) * 2004-03-26 2005-10-06 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Système de contrôle d’élévateur

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000263377A (ja) * 1999-03-17 2000-09-26 Ntn Corp 金型加工装置
WO2005092769A1 (fr) * 2004-03-26 2005-10-06 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Système de contrôle d’élévateur

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JP7208425B1 (ja) 2023-01-18

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