WO2023143040A1 - 用于电池包的防护板、电池包以及车辆 - Google Patents

用于电池包的防护板、电池包以及车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023143040A1
WO2023143040A1 PCT/CN2023/071513 CN2023071513W WO2023143040A1 WO 2023143040 A1 WO2023143040 A1 WO 2023143040A1 CN 2023071513 W CN2023071513 W CN 2023071513W WO 2023143040 A1 WO2023143040 A1 WO 2023143040A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
protective plate
resin composite
size
metal layer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/071513
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
万龙
鲁志佩
彭青波
谭志佳
孙泽楠
Original Assignee
比亚迪股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2023143040A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023143040A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
    • H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
    • H01M50/222—Inorganic material
    • H01M50/224—Metals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
    • H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
    • H01M50/229—Composite material consisting of a mixture of organic and inorganic materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
    • H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
    • H01M50/231—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks having a layered structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/242—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of new energy technologies, and more specifically, the present application relates to a protective plate for a battery pack, a battery pack and a vehicle.
  • metal materials such as steel and aluminum are usually used to make protective plates, but the anti-corrosion process of the protective plates made of metal materials is difficult, and the surface is easily corroded, which is difficult to meet the current use requirements.
  • An object of the present application is to provide a protective plate for a battery pack, a battery pack and a vehicle.
  • a protective plate for a battery pack includes a first fiber resin composite layer, a metal layer and a buffer layer which are stacked in sequence.
  • the protective plate further includes a second fiber resin composite layer, and the second fiber resin composite layer is disposed on a side of the buffer layer facing away from the metal layer.
  • the thickness of the first fiber resin composite layer is 0.3mm-1.0mm
  • the thickness of the metal layer is 0.6mm-1.2mm
  • the thickness of the buffer layer is 6mm-12mm
  • the first The thickness of the two fiber resin composite layer is 0.5mm-1.0mm.
  • the thickness of the protective plate is 7-15mm.
  • a first adhesive layer is provided between the first fiber resin composite layer and the metal layer, and the thickness of the first adhesive layer is 0.1mm-0.3mm;
  • a second adhesive layer is provided between the metal layer and the buffer layer, and the thickness of the second adhesive layer is 0.1 mm-0.3 mm.
  • a third adhesive layer is disposed between the buffer layer and the second fiber resin composite layer, and the thickness of the third adhesive layer is 0.1 mm-0.3 mm.
  • the buffer layer is connected to the metal layer through a melting portion, and a connecting hole is opened on the metal layer, and one end of the melting portion is located in the connecting hole and connected to the inner wall of the connecting hole. , the other end of the melting portion is connected to the buffer layer;
  • a recessed groove is provided on a side of the buffer layer facing the metal layer, and the metal layer is located in the recessed groove.
  • the metal layer has a first dimension in the length direction of the fender
  • the first fiber resin composite layer has a second dimension in the length direction of the fender
  • the buffer layer has a third dimension in the length direction of the fender, the first dimension is smaller than the second dimension, the first dimension is smaller than the third dimension;
  • the metal layer has a fourth dimension in the width direction of the fender
  • the first fiber resin composite layer has a fifth dimension in the width direction of the fender
  • the cushioning layer has a fifth dimension in the width direction of the fender.
  • the width direction has a sixth dimension
  • the fourth dimension is smaller than the fifth dimension
  • the fourth dimension is smaller than the sixth dimension.
  • the protective plate further includes a second fiber resin composite layer, the second fiber resin composite layer is arranged on the side of the buffer layer away from the metal layer, the second fiber resin composite layer It has a seventh dimension in the length direction of the fender, and the seventh dimension is equal to the second dimension; and/or the second fiber resin composite layer has an eighth dimension in the width direction of the fender. size, said fifth size being equal to said eighth size.
  • the second size is greater than or equal to the third size; and/or the fifth size is greater than or equal to the sixth size.
  • the length dimension of the protective plate is Lmm, and there is a first distance between the edge of the metal layer and the edge of the first fiber resin composite layer in the length direction of the protective plate 1 , the size of the first distance is L*(3%-8%)mm;
  • the width dimension of the protective plate is Wmm, and in the width direction of the protective plate, there is a third distance between the edge of the metal layer and the edge of the first fiber resin composite layer, The size of the third distance is W*(2%-12%)mm;
  • the first fiber-resin composite layer includes fiber and resin, the fiber is at least one of carbon fiber, glass fiber, and aramid fiber, and the resin is epoxy resin, phenolic resin, polypropylene At least one of resin and nylon resin.
  • the buffer layer has a honeycomb structure
  • the honeycomb structure has a pore size of 6mm-10mm
  • the cell wall size of the honeycomb structure is 0.3mm-0.8mm
  • the buffer layer has a foam structure.
  • a battery pack is provided.
  • the battery pack includes a tray and the protective plate according to the first aspect, and the protective plate is installed on the tray.
  • a vehicle is provided.
  • the vehicle includes the battery pack as described in the second aspect.
  • the protective plate of the present application includes a first fiber resin composite layer, a metal layer and a buffer layer stacked in sequence, and the metal layer is located between the first fiber resin composite layer and the buffer layer, thereby avoiding the damage of the protective plate.
  • the metal layer is corroded.
  • the first fiber resin composite layer and the metal layer of the protection board of this application are laminated together.
  • the plastic deformation capacity of the metal layer can effectively compensate for the brittle fracture of the first fiber resin composite layer itself, which greatly enhances the protection board's ability to resist external impact.
  • the buffer layer With a good buffering and energy absorption function, the protective plate of the present application has impact resistance and structural rigidity at the same time, which prolongs the service life of the protective plate.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural view of the battery tray and protective plate of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the protective plate of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 shows the second structural diagram of the protective plate of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the third structure of the protective plate of the present application.
  • the present application provides a protective plate 1 for a battery pack.
  • the protective plate 1 includes a first fiber resin composite layer 11 , a metal layer 12 and a buffer layer 13 which are sequentially stacked.
  • the fender 1 includes a first fiber resin composite layer 11 , a metal layer 12 and a buffer layer 13 , and the metal layer 12 is located between the first fiber resin composite layer 11 and the buffer layer 13 .
  • the first fiber resin composite layer 11 is a composite sheet structure of fiber material and resin material
  • the first fiber resin composite layer 11 is used as the surface material of the protective plate 1, that is, the first fiber resin composite layer 11 is the outermost layer of the protective plate 1 outer layer.
  • the first fiber resin composite layer 11 of the present application has good corrosion resistance, and can increase the scratch and impact resistance of the surface of the metal layer 12 .
  • the first fiber-resin composite layer 11 of the present application is composed of fiber material and resin composite material, which ensures the strength and rigidity of the protective plate 1 .
  • the first fiber resin composite layer 11 and the metal layer 12 are laminated together.
  • the first fiber resin composite layer 11 and the metal layer 12 can be laminated together directly, or the first fiber resin composite layer 11 and the metal layer 12 can be laminated together with a dielectric material.
  • the first fiber resin composite layer 11 and the metal layer 12 are laminated together through the first adhesive layer 15 .
  • the first adhesive layer 15 serves as a dielectric material.
  • the plastic deformation ability of the metal layer 12 can effectively compensate for the brittle fracture of the first fiber resin composite layer 11 itself, and greatly enhance the ability of the protective plate 1 to resist external impact; in addition, the first fiber resin composite layer 11 is arranged on On one surface of the metal layer 12, the phenomenon that the metal layer 12 is easily corroded is avoided.
  • the material of the metal layer 12 can be steel, aluminum, titanium alloy and the like. In some embodiments, metal layer 12 is steel plate.
  • the buffer layer 13 and the metal layer 12 are stacked together, for example, the buffer layer 13 and the metal layer 12 can be stacked together directly, or the buffer layer 13 and the metal layer 12 can be stacked together with a dielectric material.
  • the buffer layer 13 and the metal layer 12 are laminated together through the second adhesive layer 16 .
  • the second adhesive layer 16 serves as a dielectric material.
  • the stiffness of the buffer layer 13 is smaller than that of the metal layer 12, that is, when the metal layer 12 and the buffer layer 13 are hit by the same force, the deformation of the metal layer 12 is smaller, thus, the metal layer 12 has a larger structure.
  • the strength can prevent the overall deformation caused by excessive deformation at the bottom of the protective plate 1, and improve the structural stability of the protective plate 1.
  • the buffer layer 13 has a relatively small rigidity, and can further absorb the impact energy transmitted by the metal layer 12 through its own deformation, suppress the transmission speed of the impact energy, and reduce the impact on the protective plate 1 .
  • the protective plate 1 After the protective plate 1 is impacted, it can not only ensure the stability of the overall structure, but also effectively absorb the impact energy, improve the structural stability of the protective plate 1 and prolong the service life of the protective plate 1 .
  • the buffer layer 13 is disposed on the other surface of the metal layer 12 to prevent the surface of the metal layer 12 from being easily corroded.
  • the protective plate 1 further includes a second fiber resin composite layer 14, and the second fiber resin composite layer 14 is arranged on the buffer layer 13 away from the metal Layer 12 side.
  • the second fiber resin composite layer 14 is disposed on the buffer layer 13 and opposite to the metal layer 12 .
  • the fender 1 includes a first fiber resin composite layer 11 , a metal layer 12 , a buffer layer 13 and a second fiber resin composite layer 14 which are stacked in sequence.
  • the second fiber resin composite layer 14 is additionally provided to further enhance the structural rigidity of the fender 1 .
  • both the first fiber-resin composite layer 11 and the second fiber-resin composite layer 14 include fiber material and resin material, wherein the weight percentage range of the fiber material is 50%-60% of the fiber-resin composite layer, and the resin material The weight percentage is 35%-50% of the fiber resin composite layer.
  • the fiber materials and resin materials in the first fiber resin composite layer 11 and the second fiber resin composite layer 14 are limited, so that the first fiber resin composite layer 11 and the second fiber resin composite layer 14 have light weight, Integrated features such as anti-collision and impact resistance.
  • the thickness of the first fiber resin composite layer 11 is 0.3mm-1.0mm
  • the thickness of the metal layer 12 is 0.6mm-1.2mm
  • the buffer The thickness of the layer 13 is 6mm-12mm
  • the thickness of the second fiber resin composite layer 14 is 0.5mm-1.0mm.
  • the thicknesses of the first fiber resin composite layer 11, the metal layer 12, the buffer layer 13 and the second fiber resin composite layer 14 are limited to meet the requirements of the structural strength, stiffness and impact resistance of the protective plate 1 Under the premise of reducing the thickness of the protective plate 1 as much as possible, the lightweight effect is improved.
  • the protective plate 1 is applied in the battery pack 2 to reduce the overall height space of the battery pack 2 .
  • the protective plate is a metal protective plate.
  • a coating is provided on the surface of the metal protective plate.
  • the thickness of the coating formed on the metal surface is generally 1.5-3.0mm.
  • the first fiber resin composite layer 11 is arranged on one surface of the metal layer 12.
  • the thickness of the first fiber resin composite layer 11 is 0.3mm-1.0mm, which can realize a lighter design and reduce the weight of the protective plate 1. overall thickness.
  • the thickness of the first fiber resin composite layer 11 is 0.3mm, 0.5mm, 0.8mm, 1.0mm.
  • the thickness of the metal layer 12 is limited, and the thickness of the metal layer 12 should be reduced as much as possible on the premise of satisfying the structural strength and rigidity of the protective plate 1 .
  • the thickness of the metal layer 12 is 0.6mm, 0.8mm, 1mm, 1.2mm.
  • the thickness of the buffer layer 13 is limited, and the thickness of the buffer layer 13 should be reduced as much as possible on the premise of satisfying the buffer performance of the protective plate 1 .
  • the buffer layer 13 has a thickness of 6 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm, and 12 mm.
  • the thickness of the protective plate 1 is 7-15mm.
  • the overall thickness of the fender 1 is limited.
  • the rigidity and strength of the fender 1 are ensured to prevent the fender 1 from easily collapsing when it is bumped or hit. bending phenomenon.
  • a first adhesive layer 15 is provided between the first fiber resin composite layer 11 and the metal layer 12, and the first adhesive layer 15 has a thickness of 0.1mm-0.3mm.
  • a second adhesive layer 16 is disposed between the metal layer 12 and the buffer layer 13, and the thickness of the second adhesive layer 16 is 0.1 mm-0.3 mm.
  • first adhesive layer 15 is disposed between the first fiber resin composite layer 11 and the metal layer 12 , and the first fiber resin composite layer 11 and the metal layer 12 are bonded together through the first adhesive layer 15 .
  • a second adhesive layer 16 is disposed between the metal layer 12 and the buffer layer 13 , and the metal layer 12 and the buffer layer 13 are bonded together through the second adhesive layer 16 .
  • the first adhesive layer 15 and the second adhesive layer 16 can be the same type of adhesive layer, or the first adhesive layer 15 and the second adhesive layer 16 are different types of adhesive layer.
  • the first adhesive layer 15 is a hot-melt adhesive film, and the hot-melt adhesive film is melted by heating and pressing equipment, so that the first fiber resin composite layer 11 and the metal layer 12 are bonded together; or the first adhesive The layer 15 is a glue spray layer, and the first fiber resin composite layer 11 and the metal layer 12 are directly bonded through the glue spray layer.
  • the second adhesive layer 16 is a hot-melt adhesive film, which is set by heating and pressing to melt the hot-melt adhesive film, thereby bonding the buffer layer 13 and the metal layer 12 together; or the second adhesive layer 16 is a spray glue layer, the buffer layer 13 and the metal layer 12 are directly bonded by spraying glue.
  • the thickness of the first adhesive layer 15 and the second adhesive layer 16 is limited, and the thickness of the first adhesive layer 15 and the second adhesive layer 16 can be same or different.
  • the thickness of the first adhesive layer 15 is 0.1mm-0.3mm.
  • the thickness of the first adhesive layer 15 is 0.15mm-0.2mm.
  • the thickness of the second adhesive layer 16 is 0.1mm-0.3mm.
  • the thickness of the second adhesive layer 16 is 0.15mm-0.2mm.
  • connection method of the first fiber resin composite layer 11, the metal layer 12 and the buffer layer 13 is limited, which improves the reliability of the connection between adjacent layers and prevents the protective plate 1 from being damaged during use. Cracking occurs.
  • a third adhesive layer is disposed between the buffer layer 13 and the second fiber resin composite layer 14, and the thickness of the third adhesive layer is 0.1 mm-0.3 mm.
  • the buffer layer 13 and the second fiber resin composite layer 14 are bonded together through a third adhesive layer (not shown in the figure).
  • the third adhesive layer is a hot-melt adhesive film, and the hot-melt adhesive film is melted by heating and pressing equipment, so that the second fiber resin composite layer 14 and the buffer layer are bonded together; or the third adhesive layer is The glue spray layer, the second fiber resin composite layer 14 and the buffer layer 13 are directly bonded through the glue spray layer.
  • the thickness of the third adhesive layer is 0.1mm-0.3mm, optionally, the thickness of the third adhesive layer is 0.15mm-0.2mm.
  • the buffer layer 13 is connected to the metal layer 12 through a melting portion, and a connecting hole 20 is opened on the metal layer 12, and one end of the melting portion is located at the connecting hole 20 and connected to the inner wall of the connecting hole 20, and the other end of the melting portion is connected to the buffer layer 13; or
  • the side of the buffer layer 13 facing the metal layer 12 is provided with a recessed groove 17 , and the metal layer 12 is located in the recessed groove 17 .
  • the first fiber resin composite layer 11 and the metal layer 12 are connected through a first adhesive layer 15 .
  • the first adhesive layer 15 is a hot-melt adhesive film, and the hot-melt adhesive film is melted by heating and pressing equipment, thereby bonding the first fiber resin composite layer 11 and the metal layer 12 together.
  • the first fiber resin composite layer 11 and the metal layer 12 are bonded together by a glue spray layer.
  • the metal layer 12 and the buffer layer 13 are not connected by an adhesive layer, but one or more melting portions are arranged between the metal layer 12 and the buffer layer 13, and the metal layer 12 and the buffer layer Layers 13 are connected by fusions.
  • the melting parts can be distributed along the circumference of the metal layer 12 and the buffer layer 13 , or the melting parts can be distributed diagonally between the metal layer 12 and the buffer layer 13 , or the melting parts can be distributed in an array between the metal layer 12 and the buffer layer 13 .
  • the limiting post 18 disposed on the metal layer 12 and the buffer layer 13 is melted by hot pressing to form a melting portion.
  • a limit post 18 is provided on the buffer layer 13, and a connection hole 20 matching the limit post 18 is provided on the metal layer 12, and the limit post 18 cooperates with the connection hole 20, that is, the limit post 18 One end is fixed on the buffer layer 13 , and the other end of the limiting post 18 is fixed on the metal layer 12 through the connection hole 20 , and the limiting post 18 is melted to form a melting portion through a hot pressing process.
  • the metal layer 12 and the buffer layer 13 are connected together through the melting portion (i.e.
  • the limiting column 18 in the molten state), and one end of the melting portion is connected to the connecting hole 20, so that one end of the melting portion is fixed on the metal layer 12, and the other end of the melting portion One end is fixed on the buffer layer 13 to improve the connection strength between the metal layer 12 and the buffer layer 13 .
  • the limit column 18 is a plastic column.
  • the buffer layer 13 has a honeycomb structure. Referring to FIG. 4 , one end of the limiting post 18 is fixed in the hole of the honeycomb structure.
  • a first adhesive layer 15 is provided between the first fiber resin composite layer 11 and the metal layer 12, and the first fiber resin composite layer 11 and the metal layer 12 pass through The first adhesive layer 15 is bonded together.
  • a second adhesive layer 16 is disposed between the metal layer 12 and the buffer layer 13 , and the metal layer 12 and the buffer layer 13 are bonded together through the second adhesive layer 16 .
  • the buffer layer 13 is provided with a recessed groove 17 , and the metal layer 12 is located in the recessed groove 17 .
  • the metal layer 12 has a first dimension in the length direction of the protective plate 1, and the first fiber resin composite layer 11 is on the protective plate 1.
  • the buffer layer 13 has a third size in the length direction of the protective plate 1, the first size is smaller than the second size, and the first size is smaller than the first size three dimensions;
  • the metal layer 12 has a fourth dimension in the width direction of the fender 1
  • the first fiber resin composite layer 11 has a fifth dimension in the width direction of the fender 1
  • the buffer layer 13 is The protective plate 1 has a sixth dimension in the width direction, the fourth dimension is smaller than the fifth dimension, and the fourth dimension is smaller than the sixth dimension.
  • the metal layer 12 is located between the first fiber resin composite layer 11 and the buffer layer 13, and the length and width of the metal layer 12 are limited to prevent the metal layer 12 from being corroded.
  • the length dimension of the metal layer 12 is smaller than the length dimension of the first fiber resin composite layer 11, and the length dimension of the metal layer 12 is smaller than The length dimension of buffer layer 13.
  • the width dimension of metal layer 12 is less than the width dimension of first fiber resin composite layer 11, and the width dimension of metal layer 12 is less than buffer layer 13
  • the width dimension of the metal layer 12 is smaller than the surface area of the first fiber resin composite layer 11, and the area of the metal layer 12 is smaller than the surface area of the buffer layer 13.
  • the surface area size of the metal layer 12 is smaller than the surface area of the first fiber resin composite layer 11 and the area of the metal layer 12 is smaller than the surface area of the buffer layer 13, during the molding process of the protective plate 1, the part of the first fiber resin composite layer 11 will be Laminated with the metal layer 12, the other part of the first fiber resin composite layer 11 will be laminated with the buffer layer 13, so that the metal layer 12 is located between the first fiber resin composite layer 11 and the buffer layer 13, preventing the surface of the metal layer 12 from being damaged. corrosion.
  • the second fiber resin composite layer 14 has a seventh dimension in the length direction of the fender 1, and the seventh dimension is equal to the second dimension; and/or the second The fiber resin composite layer 14 has an eighth dimension in the width direction of the fender 1 , and the fifth dimension is equal to the eighth dimension.
  • the width dimension of the buffer layer 13 is smaller than the width dimension of the first fiber resin composite layer 11, while the second fiber resin composite layer
  • the length dimension of layer 14 is equal to the length dimension of the first fiber resin composite layer 11, and the width dimension of the second fiber resin composite layer 14 is equal to the width dimension of the first fiber resin composite layer 11, at this moment the part of the first fiber resin composite layer 11 It will be laminated with the metal layer 12, and the other part of the first fiber resin composite layer 11 will be laminated with the second fiber resin composite layer 14, so that the metal layer 12 is wrapped and the metal layer 12 is prevented from being corroded.
  • the second size is larger than or equal to the third size; and/or the fifth size is larger than or equal to the sixth size.
  • the relationship between the length dimension of the first fiber resin composite layer 11 and the length dimension of the buffer layer 13 is limited, and the relationship between the width dimension of the first fiber resin composite layer 11 and the width dimension of the buffer layer 13 is limited,
  • the length dimension of the first fiber resin composite layer 11 is equal to the length dimension of the buffer layer 13, and the width dimension of the first fiber resin composite layer 11 is equal to that of the buffer layer 13.
  • part of the first fiber resin composite layer 11 will be laminated with the metal layer 12
  • another part of the first fiber resin composite layer 11 will be laminated with the buffer layer 13 .
  • the length dimension of the first fiber resin composite layer 11 is greater than the length dimension of the buffer layer 13, and the width dimension of the first fiber resin composite layer 11 is greater than the width dimension of the buffer layer 13, while the first The length dimension of the fiber resin composite layer 11 is equal to the length dimension of the second fiber resin composite layer 14, and the width dimension of the first fiber resin composite layer 11 is equal to the width dimension of the second fiber resin composite layer 14.
  • the first fiber resin composite layer Part of the composite layer 11 will be laminated with the metal layer 12
  • another part of the first fiber resin composite layer 11 will be laminated with the second fiber resin composite layer 14 .
  • the length dimension of the protective plate 1 is Lmm, and in the length direction of the protective plate 1, there is a gap between the edge of the metal layer 12 and the edge of the first fiber resin composite layer 11
  • the first distance, the size of the first distance is L*(3%-8%) mm; there is a second distance between the edge of the metal layer 12 and the edge of the buffer layer 13, the second distance
  • the size is L*(3%-8%)mm.
  • the width dimension of the protective plate 1 is Wmm, in the width direction of the protective plate 1, there is a third distance between the edge of the metal layer 12 and the edge of the first fiber resin composite layer 11, the The size of the third distance is W*(2%-12%) mm; there is a fourth distance between the edge of the metal layer 12 and the edge of the buffer layer 13, and the size of the fourth distance is W*( 2%-12%) mm.
  • the metal layer 12 has a first edge and a second edge
  • the first fiber resin composite layer 11 has a third edge and a fourth edge, wherein the first edge and the third edge
  • the edges are located on the same side
  • the second edge and the fourth edge are located on the same side, wherein there is a first distance between the first edge of the metal layer 12 and the third edge of the first fiber resin composite layer 11, and the size of the first distance is L *(3%-8%)mm.
  • the buffer layer 13 has a fifth edge and a sixth edge, the first edge and the fifth edge are located on the same side, and the second edge and the sixth edge On the same side, there is a second distance between the first edge and the fifth edge, and there is a second distance between the second edge and the sixth edge.
  • the length dimension of the metal layer 12 is smaller than the length dimension of the first fiber resin composite layer 11 , and the length dimension of the metal layer 12 is smaller than that of the buffer layer 13 .
  • the first distance and the second distance are limited within this range, which enhances the safety of the edge area of the protective plate 1. Structural strength.
  • the metal layer 12 has a seventh edge and an eighth edge
  • the first fiber resin composite layer 11 has a ninth edge and a tenth edge
  • the seventh edge and the The ninth edge is located on the same side
  • the eighth edge and the tenth edge are located on the same side
  • the eighth edge and the first edge There is a third distance between the ten edges.
  • the buffer layer 13 has an eleventh edge and a twelfth edge, the seventh edge and the eleventh edge are on the same side, the eighth edge and the The twelfth edge is located on the same side, there is a fourth distance between the seventh edge and the eleventh edge, and there is a fourth distance between the eighth edge and the twelfth edge.
  • the width dimension of the metal layer 12 is smaller than that of the first fiber resin composite layer 11
  • the width dimension of the metal layer 12 is smaller than that of the buffer layer 13 .
  • This embodiment defines that there is a third distance between the edge of the metal layer 12 and the edge of the first fiber resin composite layer 11, the size of the third distance is W*(2%-12%)mm, and the metal layer 12 There is a fourth distance between the edge of the buffer layer 13 and the edge of the buffer layer 13, the size of the fourth distance is W*(2%-12%)mm, on the one hand, the metal layer 12 is located between the first fiber resin composite layer 11 and the buffer layer Between layers 13, avoid the surface that is arranged along the width direction of protective plate 1 in the metal layer 12 from being corroded; The fourth distance is limited within this range, which increases the structural strength of the edge region of the fender 1 .
  • the size of the first distance can be L*(3%-5%)mm, L*(5%-8%)mm, and the size of the second distance can be L*(3%-5%)mm, L* (5%-8%)mm;
  • the size of the third distance can be W*(2%-10%)mm, W*(3%-12%)mm, and the size of the fourth distance can be W*(2% -10%)mm, W*(3%-12%)mm.
  • the first fiber-resin composite layer 11 includes fibers and resins, the fibers are at least one of carbon fibers, glass fibers, and aramid fibers, and the resins are epoxy resins, phenolic resins, polyester At least one of acrylic resin and nylon resin.
  • the type of fibers and the type of resin of the first fiber-resin composite layer 11 are limited so as to improve the structural strength of the fender 1 .
  • the first fiber resin composite layer 11 can be made of glass fiber and epoxy resin.
  • the buffer layer 13 has a honeycomb structure 19, the aperture size of the honeycomb structure 19 is 6mm-10mm, and the cell wall size of the honeycomb structure 19 is 0.3mm-0.8mm, or the buffer layer 13 has a foam structure.
  • the honeycomb structure 19 in the buffer layer is limited, specifically, the space size and the cell wall size of the honeycomb structure are limited, so that the buffer layer 13 can have a better buffering and energy-absorbing effect.
  • the material of the buffer layer 13 can be aluminum, forming a honeycomb structure on the aluminum plate; or the material of the buffer layer 13 can be polypropylene, forming a honeycomb structure on the polypropylene plate (PP plate), which improves the impact resistance of the protective plate 1, At the same time, the overall rigidity of the protective plate 1 is increased.
  • the buffer layer 13 may have a foam structure, so that the buffer layer 13 has a function of buffering and absorbing energy.
  • a battery pack 2 is provided.
  • the battery pack 2 includes a tray 21 and the protective plate as described in the first aspect, and the protective plate 1 is installed on the tray 21 .
  • a battery pack 2 is provided.
  • the battery pack 2 includes the protective plate 1 of the present application.
  • the protective plate 1 is installed on the tray 21 of the battery pack 2 .
  • the protective plate 1 protects the battery pack 2 and improves the safety of the battery pack 2 .
  • the battery pack 2 is composed of a sealing cover 23, an electric cell 22, a tray 21 and a protective plate 1, the sealing cover 23 and the tray 21 enclose and form a storage space for the electric cell 22, and the protective plate 1 is arranged on the The outside of the tray 21, and the protective plate 1 is connected to the bottom of the tray 21.
  • a vehicle is provided.
  • the vehicle includes the battery pack 2 as described in the second aspect.
  • a vehicle in this embodiment, includes the above-mentioned battery pack 2 and a load connected to the battery pack.
  • Loads include but are not limited to inverters, air conditioner compressors, etc.
  • the battery pack 2 is applied in the vehicle, and the safety of the battery pack 2 is guaranteed, thereby improving the safety during the running of the vehicle.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种用于电池包的防护板、电池包以及车辆。所述防护板包括依次层叠设置的第一纤维树脂复合层、金属层以及缓冲层。

Description

用于电池包的防护板、电池包以及车辆
本申请要求于2022年01月28日提交中国专利局的申请号为202220240991.0、申请名称为“一种用于电池包的防护板、电池包以及车辆”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及新能源技术领域，更具体地，本申请涉及一种用于电池包的防护板、电池包以及车辆。
背景技术
随着节能环保的要求越来越高，近年来我国电动汽车取得了较快的发展。有别于传统燃油汽车，动力电池是电动汽车的重要组成部分。动力电池箱体作为动力电池的载体，对动力电池箱体的安全性能、力学性能以及轻量化也提出了越来越高的要求。
现有大部分电池箱体由金属材料制成。为了降低车身重量，一般选用铝材料制成电池箱体。但铝的硬度较低，当新能源车辆行驶带起的石子或其他突出物撞击到电池包底部时，电池箱体容易出现损坏的风险，无法对电池包起到很好的保护，从而导致电池包的功能失效，甚至出现起火***等危险。因此，一般在电池包底部设置防护板以提高电池包的安全性能。
现有技术通常采用钢、铝等金属材料制成防护板，但金属材料的防护板的防腐工艺难度大，表面容易被腐蚀，难以满足目前的使用需求。
发明内容
本申请的一个目的是提供一种用于电池包的防护板、电池包以及车辆。
根据本申请实施例的第一方面，提供了一种用于电池包的防护板。所述防护板包括依次层叠设置的第一纤维树脂复合层、金属层以及缓冲层。
在一些实施例中，所述防护板还包括第二纤维树脂复合层，所述第二纤维树脂复合层设置在所述缓冲层背离所述金属层的一侧。
在一些实施例中，所述第一纤维树脂复合层的厚度为0.3mm-1.0mm，所述金属层的厚度为0.6mm-1.2mm，所述缓冲层的厚度为6mm-12mm，所述第二纤维树脂复合层的厚度为0.5mm-1.0mm。
在一些实施例中，所述防护板的厚度为：7-15mm。
在一些实施例中，所述第一纤维树脂复合层与所述金属层之间设有第一粘接剂层，所述第一粘接剂层的厚度为0.1mm-0.3mm；
在一些实施例中，所述金属层与所述缓冲层之间设有第二粘接剂层，所述第二粘接剂层的厚度为0.1mm-0.3mm。
在一些实施例中，所述缓冲层与所述第二纤维树脂复合层之间设置有第三粘接剂层，所述第三粘接剂层的厚度为0.1mm-0.3mm。
在一些实施例中，所述缓冲层与所述金属层通过熔融部连接，所述金属层上开设 有连接孔，所述熔融部的一端位于连接孔内，并与所述连接孔的内壁连接，所述熔融部的另一端与所述缓冲层连接；
在一些实施例中，所述缓冲层朝向所述金属层的一侧设置有凹陷槽，所述金属层位于所述凹陷槽内。
在一些实施例中，所述金属层在所述防护板的长度方向上具有第一尺寸，所述第一纤维树脂复合层在所述防护板的长度方向上具有第二尺寸，所述缓冲层在所述防护板的长度方向上具有第三尺寸，所述第一尺寸小于所述第二尺寸，所述第一尺寸小于所述第三尺寸；和/或
所述金属层在所述防护板的宽度方向上具有第四尺寸，所述第一纤维树脂复合层在所述防护板的宽度方向上具有第五尺寸，所述缓冲层在所述防护板的宽度方向上具有第六尺寸，所述第四尺寸小于所述第五尺寸，所述第四尺寸小于所述第六尺寸。
在一些实施例中，所述防护板还包括第二纤维树脂复合层，所述第二纤维树脂复合层设置在所述缓冲层背离所述金属层的一侧，所述第二纤维树脂复合层在所述防护板的长度方向上具有第七尺寸，所述第七尺寸与所述第二尺寸相等；和/或所述第二纤维树脂复合层在所述防护板的宽度方向上具有第八尺寸，所述第五尺寸等于所述第八尺寸。
在一些实施例中，所述第二尺寸大于或者等于第三尺寸；和/或所述第五尺寸大于或者等于所述第六尺寸。
在一些实施例中，所述防护板的长度尺寸为Lmm，在所述防护板1的长度方向上，所述金属层的边缘与所述第一纤维树脂复合层的边缘之间存在第一距离，所述第一距离的尺寸为L*(3％-8％)mm；
所述金属层的边缘与所述缓冲层的边缘之间存在第二距离，所述第二距离的尺寸为L*(3％-8％)mm。
在一些实施例中，所述防护板的宽度尺寸为Wmm，在所述防护板的宽度方向上，所述金属层的边缘与所述第一纤维树脂复合层的边缘之间存在第三距离，所述第三距离的尺寸为W*(2％-12％)mm；
所述金属层的边缘与所述缓冲层的边缘之间存在第四距离，所述第四距离的尺寸为W*(2％-12％)mm。
在一些实施例中，所述第一纤维树脂复合层包括纤维和树脂，所述纤维为碳纤维、玻璃纤维、芳纶纤维中的至少一种，所述树脂为环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、聚丙烯树脂、尼龙树脂中的至少一种。
在一些实施例中，所述缓冲层具有蜂窝结构，所述蜂窝结构的孔径尺寸为6mm-10mm，所述蜂窝结构的孔壁尺寸为0.3mm-0.8mm，或者所述缓冲层具有泡沫结构。
根据本申请实施例第二方面，提供了一种电池包。所述电池包包括托盘和如第一方面所述的防护板，所述防护板安装在所述托盘上。
根据本申请实施例第三方面，提供了一种车辆。所述车辆包括如第二方面所述的电池包。
本申请的一个技术效果在于，本申请防护板包括依次层叠设置的第一纤维树脂复合层、金属层以及缓冲层，金属层位于第一纤维树脂复合层和缓冲层之间，避免了防护板的金属层被腐蚀现象。
本申请防护板的第一纤维树脂复合层与金属层层叠在一起，金属层的塑性形变能力能有效弥补第一纤维树脂复合层本身的脆性断裂，极大增强防护板抵抗外部冲击能力， 缓冲层具备良好的缓冲吸收能量作用，本申请防护板具有抗冲击能力以及同时具备结构刚性，延长了防护板的使用寿命。
通过以下参照附图对本申请的示例性实施例的详细描述，本申请的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
附图说明
构成说明书的一部分的附图描述了本申请的实施例，并且连同说明书一起用于解释本申请的原理。
图1所示为本申请电池包的结构示意图。
图2所示本申请电池托盘和防护板的结构示意图。
图3所示为本申请防护板的结构示意图一。
图4所示为本申请防护板的结构示意图二。
图5所示为本申请防护板的结构示意图三。
附图标记说明：
1、防护板；11、第一纤维树脂复合层；12、金属层；13、缓冲层；14、第二纤维树脂复合层；15、第一粘接剂层；16、第二粘接剂层；17、凹陷槽；18、限位柱；19、蜂窝结构；20、连接孔；
2、电池包；21、托盘；22、电芯；23、密封盖。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图来详细描述本申请的各种示例性实施例。应注意到：除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本申请的范围。
以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本申请及其应用或使用的任何限制。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。
在这里示出和讨论的所有例子中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它例子可以具有不同的值。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
本申请提供了一种用于电池包的防护板1。参照图1-图5所示，防护板1包括依次层叠设置的第一纤维树脂复合层11、金属层12以及缓冲层13。
在本公开实施例中，防护板1包括第一纤维树脂复合层11、金属层12和缓冲层13，金属层12位于第一纤维树脂复合层11和缓冲层13之间。其中第一纤维树脂复合层11为纤维材料和树脂材料复合的片材结构，第一纤维树脂复合层11作为了防护板1的表面材料，即第一纤维树脂复合层11为防护板1的最外层。本申请第一纤维树脂复合层11具有良好的抗腐蚀性能，又能增加金属层12表面的抗划伤和冲击的强度。本申请第一纤维树脂复合层11由纤维材料和树脂复合材料复合而成，确保了防护板1的强度和刚度。
在本公开实施例中，第一纤维树脂复合层11与金属层12层叠在一起。例如第一纤维树脂复合层11和金属层12可以直接层叠在一起，或者第一纤维树脂复合层11和金属层12可以借助介质材料层叠在一起。例如在下文中介绍了第一纤维树脂复合层11和金属层12通过第一粘接剂层15层叠在一起。第一粘接剂层15作为了介质材料。本申请实施例中，金属层12的塑性形变能力能有效弥补第一纤维树脂复合层11本身的脆性断裂，极大增强防护板1抵抗外部冲击的能力；另外第一纤维树脂复合层11设置在金属层12的一表面上，避免了金属层12容易被腐蚀现象。例如金属层12的材料可以是钢、铝、钛合金等。在一些实施例中，金属层12为钢板。
在本公开实施例中，缓冲层13与金属层12层叠在一起，例如缓冲层13和金属层12可以直接层叠在一起，或者缓冲层13和金属层12可以借助介质材料层叠在一起。例如在下文中介绍了缓冲层13和金属层12通过第二粘接剂层16层叠在一起。第二粘接剂层16作为了介质材料。在使用中，防护板1受到碰撞时，缓冲层13由于具备良好的缓冲能力，缓冲层13能够吸收防护板受到碰撞时的作用力，使得防护板1具备良好的缓冲吸收能量作用。具体地，缓冲层13的刚度小于金属层12的刚度，即金属层12和缓冲层13在受到同等力量撞击时，金属层12的形变量更小，由此，金属层12具有较大的结构强度，可防止防护板1底部变形量过大导致整体变形，提高防护板1结构的稳定性。缓冲层13的刚度较小，可通过自身的变形将金属层12传递的撞击能量进一步地吸收，抑制撞击能量的传递速度，减少防护板1受到的冲击量。在防护板1受到撞击后，既可保证整体结构稳定，又可使得撞击能量被有效地吸收，提高防护板1结构稳定性，延长了防护板1的使用寿命。另外缓冲层13设置在金属层12的另一表面上，避免了金属层12的表面容易被腐蚀现象。
在一个实施例中，参照图1-图5所示，所述防护板1还包括第二纤维树脂复合层14，所述第二纤维树脂复合层14设置在所述缓冲层13背离所述金属层12的一侧。
在本公开实施例中，第二纤维树脂复合层14设置在缓冲层13上，并与金属层12相背设置。例如防护板1包括依次层叠设置的第一纤维树脂复合层11、金属层12、缓冲层13以及第二纤维树脂复合层14。本申请额外设置第二纤维树脂复合层14，进一步增强了防护板1的结构刚度。
在一个实施例中，第一纤维树脂复合层11和第二纤维树脂复合层14均包括纤维材料和树脂材料，其中纤维材料的重量百分比范围为纤维树脂复合层的50％-60％，树脂材料的重量百分比为纤维树脂复合层的35％-50％。本实施例对第一纤维树脂复合层11和第二纤维树脂复合层14中的纤维材料和树脂材料进行限定，使第一纤维树脂复合层11和第二纤维树脂复合层14均具有轻质、抗碰撞、抗冲击等一体化特点。
在一个实施例中，参照图1-图5所示，所述第一纤维树脂复合层11的厚度为0.3mm-1.0mm，所述金属层12的厚度为0.6mm-1.2mm，所述缓冲层13的厚度为6mm-12mm，所述第二纤维树脂复合层14的厚度为0.5mm-1.0mm。
在该实施例中，对第一纤维树脂复合层11、金属层12、缓冲层13以及第二纤维树脂复合层14的厚度进行了限定，在满足防护板1结构强度、刚度和抗冲击性能要求的前提下尽可能降低防护板1厚度，提升轻量化效果。防护板1应用于电池包2中，降低了电池包2的整体高度空间。
在现有技术中，防护板为金属防护板，为了防止金属防护板被腐蚀，在金属防护板的表面设置涂层，在金属表面形成的涂层厚度一般在1.5-3.0mm。本实施例中将第一纤 维树脂复合层11设置在金属层12的一表面上，第一纤维树脂复合层11的厚度在0.3mm-1.0mm，可以实现更轻量化设计，降低防护板1的整体厚度。例如第一纤维树脂复合层11的厚度为0.3mm、0.5mm、0.8mm、1.0mm。
本实施例对金属层12的厚度进行了限定，在满足防护板1结构强度、刚度的前提上，尽可能降低金属层12的厚度。例如金属层12的厚度为0.6mm、0.8mm、1mm、1.2mm。
本实施例对缓冲层13的厚度进行了限定，在满足防护板1缓冲性能的前提上，尽可能降低缓冲层13的厚度。例如缓冲层13的厚度为6mm、8mm、10mm、12mm。
在一个实施例中，所述防护板1的厚度为：7-15mm。
在该实施例中，对防护板1的整体厚度进行了限定，在满足防护板轻量化设置的前提上，确保了防护板1的刚度和强度，避免防护板1在受到碰撞或撞击时容易发生弯曲的现象。
在一个实施例中，参照图3-图5所示，所述第一纤维树脂复合层11与所述金属层12之间设有第一粘接剂层15，所述第一粘接剂层15的厚度为0.1mm-0.3mm。
在一个实施例中，所述金属层12与所述缓冲层13之间设有第二粘接剂层16，所述第二粘接剂层16的厚度为0.1mm-0.3mm。
在一个具体的实施例中，参照图3所示，在第一纤维树脂复合层11、金属层12和缓冲层13中，相邻层之间通过粘接剂层粘接形成防护板1。例如第一纤维树脂复合层11和金属层12之间设置有第一粘接剂层15，第一纤维树脂复合层11与金属层12通过第一粘接剂层15粘接在一起。金属层12与缓冲层13之间设置有第二粘接剂层16，金属层12与缓冲层13通过第二粘接剂层16粘接在一起。其中第一粘接剂层15和第二粘接剂层16可以为同种类型的粘接剂层，或者第一粘接剂层15和第二粘接剂层16为不同类型的粘接剂层。例如第一粘接剂层15为热熔胶膜，通过加热加压设备使得热熔胶膜熔化，从而将第一纤维树脂复合层11与金属层12粘合在一起；或者第一粘接剂层15为喷胶层，第一纤维树脂复合层11和金属层12直接通过喷胶层粘接。第二粘接剂层16为热熔胶膜，通过加热加压设置使得热熔胶膜熔化，从而将缓冲层13与金属层12粘合在一起；或者第二粘接剂层16为喷胶层，缓冲层13和金属层12直接通过喷胶层粘接。
为了避免防护板1的厚度过厚，对第一粘接剂层15和第二粘接剂层16的厚度进行了限定，第一粘接剂层15和第二粘接剂层16的厚度可以相同或者不相同。第一粘接剂层15的厚度为0.1mm-0.3mm，可选的，第一粘接剂层15的厚度为0.15mm-0.2mm。第二粘接剂层16的厚度为0.1mm-0.3mm，可选的，第二粘接剂层16的厚度为0.15mm-0.2mm。
在本公开实施例中，对第一纤维树脂复合层11、金属层12和缓冲层13的连接方式进行了限定，提升了相邻层之间的连接可靠性，避免防护板1在使用过程中出现裂开现象。
在一个实施例中，所述缓冲层13与所述第二纤维树脂复合层14之间设置有第三粘接剂层，所述第三粘接剂层的厚度为0.1mm-0.3mm。
在本公开实施例中，缓冲层13和第二纤维树脂复合层14之间通过第三粘接剂层(图中未示出)粘合在一起。例如第三粘接剂层为热熔胶膜，通过加热加压设备使得热熔胶膜熔化，从而将第二纤维树脂复合层14与缓冲层粘合在一起；或者第三粘接剂层为喷胶层，第二纤维树脂复合层14和缓冲层13直接通过喷胶层粘接。其中第三粘接剂层的厚度为0.1mm-0.3mm，可选的，第三粘接剂层的厚度为0.15mm-0.2mm。
在一个实施例中，参照图4所示，所述缓冲层13与所述金属层12通过熔融部连接，所述金属层12上开设有连接孔20，所述熔融部的一端位于连接孔20内，并与所述连接孔20的内壁连接，所述熔融部的另一端与所述缓冲层13连接；或者
所述缓冲层13朝向所述金属层12的一侧设置有凹陷槽17，所述金属层12位于所述凹陷槽17内。
在一个具体的实施例中，参照图3所示，第一纤维树脂复合层11与金属层12通过第一粘接剂层15连接。例如第一粘接剂层15为热熔胶膜，通过加热加压设备使得热熔胶膜熔化，从而将第一纤维树脂复合层11与金属层12粘合在一起。或者通过喷胶层将第一纤维树脂复合层11和金属层12粘合在一起。
参照图4所示，金属层12与缓冲层13之间没有通过粘接剂层进行连接，而是在金属层12与缓冲层13之间设置有一个或者多个熔融部，金属层12和缓冲层13通过熔融部连接。例如熔融部可以沿金属层12和缓冲层13的周向分布，或者熔融部在金属层12和缓冲层13对角分布，或者熔融部呈阵列方式分布在金属层12和缓冲层13之间。在该实施例中，通过热压方式将设置在金属层12和缓冲层13上的限位柱18处于熔融态形成了熔融部。
具体地，在缓冲层13上设置限位柱18，金属层12上设置有与所述限位柱18相匹配的连接孔20，限位柱18与连接孔20配合，即限位柱18的一端固定在缓冲层13上，限位柱18的另一端通过连接孔20固定在金属层12上，通过热压工艺，以使限位柱18被熔化形成了熔融部。金属层12和缓冲层13通过熔融部(即熔融态的限位柱18)连接在一起，同时熔融部的一端与连接孔20连接，使得熔融部的一端固定在金属层12，熔融部的另一端固定在缓冲层13上，提升了金属层12与缓冲层13之间的连接强度。例如限位柱18为塑胶柱。例如缓冲层13具有蜂窝结构，参照图4所示，限位柱18的一端固定在蜂窝结构的孔内。
在另一个具体的实施例中，参照图5所示，第一纤维树脂复合层11和金属层12之间设置有第一粘接剂层15，第一纤维树脂复合层11与金属层12通过第一粘接剂层15粘接在一起。金属层12与缓冲层13之间设置有第二粘接剂层16，金属层12与缓冲层13通过第二粘接剂层16粘接在一起。在该实施例中，为了进一步提升金属层12与缓冲层13之间的连接强度，缓冲层13上设置凹陷槽17，金属层12位于凹陷槽17内。当金属层12嵌设在凹陷槽17内，金属层12与缓冲层13先通过凹陷槽17进行初步固定，初步固定之后，通过加热加压设备使得设置在金属层12与缓冲层13之间的第二粘接剂层16熔化，从而将金属层12与缓冲层13粘合在一起，进一步提升了金属层12与缓冲层13之间的连接强度。
在一个实施例中，参照图3-图5所示，所述金属层12在所述防护板1的长度方向上具有第一尺寸，所述第一纤维树脂复合层11在所述防护板1的长度方向上具有第二尺寸，所述缓冲层13在所述防护板1的长度方向上具有第三尺寸，所述第一尺寸小于所述第二尺寸，所述第一尺寸小于所述第三尺寸；和/或
所述金属层12在所述防护板1的宽度方向上具有第四尺寸，所述第一纤维树脂复合层11在所述防护板1的宽度方向上具有第五尺寸，所述缓冲层13在所述防护板1的宽度方向上具有第六尺寸，所述第四尺寸小于所述第五尺寸，所述第四尺寸小于所述第六尺寸。
在该实施例中，金属层12位于第一纤维树脂复合层11与缓冲层13之间，并对金 属层12的长度尺寸和宽度尺寸进行了限定，避免了金属层12被腐蚀。
具体地，在防护板1的长度方向上(参照图3所示，箭头a所示方向)，金属层12的长度尺寸小于第一纤维树脂复合层11的长度尺寸，金属层12的长度尺寸小于缓冲层13的长度尺寸。
在防护板1的宽度方向上(参照图3所示，箭头b所示方向)，金属层12的宽度尺寸小于第一纤维树脂复合层11的宽度尺寸，金属层12的宽度尺寸小于缓冲层13的宽度尺寸，即金属层12的表面积尺寸小于第一纤维树脂复合层11的表面积，以及金属层12的面积小于缓冲层13的表面积。
由于金属层12的表面积尺寸小于第一纤维树脂复合层11的表面积、以及金属层12的面积小于缓冲层13的表面积，在防护板1的成型过程中，第一纤维树脂复合层11的部分会与金属层12层叠，第一纤维树脂复合层11的另外部分会与缓冲层13层叠，使得金属层12位于第一纤维树脂复合层11和缓冲层13之间，避免了金属层12的表面被腐蚀。
在一个实施例中，所述第二纤维树脂复合层14在所述防护板1的长度方向上具有第七尺寸，所述第七尺寸与所述第二尺寸相等；和/或所述第二纤维树脂复合层14在所述防护板1的宽度方向上具有第八尺寸，所述第五尺寸等于所述第八尺寸。
在本公开实施例中，若缓冲层13的长度尺寸小于第一纤维树脂复合层11的长度尺寸，缓冲层13的宽度尺寸小于第一纤维树脂复合层11的宽度尺寸，同时第二纤维树脂复合层14的长度尺寸等于第一纤维树脂复合层11的长度尺寸，第二纤维树脂复合层14的宽度尺寸等于第一纤维树脂复合层11的宽度尺寸，此时第一纤维树脂复合层11的部分会与金属层12层叠，第一纤维树脂复合层11的另外部分会与第二纤维树脂复合层14层叠在一起，使得金属层12被包裹，避免了金属层12被腐蚀现象。
进一步地，第二尺寸大于或者等于第三尺寸；和/或所述第五尺寸大于或者等于所述第六尺寸。
本实施例对第一纤维树脂复合层11的长度尺寸和缓冲层13的长度尺寸关系进行了限定，以及对第一纤维树脂复合层11的宽度尺寸和缓冲层13的宽度尺寸关系进行了限定，通过对两者的长度尺寸和宽度尺寸进行限定，使得金属层12的每一表面均不能暴露在外面，金属层12的每一表面均不会被腐蚀。
当不包含第二纤维树脂复合层14时，可选的，第一纤维树脂复合层11的长度尺寸等于缓冲层13的长度尺寸，同时第一纤维树脂复合层11的宽度尺寸等于缓冲层13的宽度尺寸，此时第一纤维树脂复合层11的部分会与金属层12层叠，第一纤维树脂复合层11的另外部分会与缓冲层13层叠。
当包含第二纤维树脂复合层14时，第一纤维树脂复合层11的长度尺寸大于缓冲层13的长度尺寸，第一纤维树脂复合层11的宽度尺寸大于缓冲层13的宽度尺寸，同时第一纤维树脂复合层11的长度尺寸和第二纤维树脂复合层14的长度尺寸相等，第一纤维树脂复合层11的宽度尺寸和第二纤维树脂复合层14的宽度尺寸相等，此时第一纤维树脂复合层11的部分会与金属层12层叠，第一纤维树脂复合层11的另外部分会与第二纤维树脂复合层14层叠在一起。
在一个实施例中，所述防护板1的长度尺寸为Lmm，在所述防护板1的长度方向上，所述金属层12的边缘与所述第一纤维树脂复合层11的边缘之间存在第一距离，所述第一距离的尺寸为L*(3％-8％)mm；所述金属层12的边缘与所述缓冲层13的边缘之间 存在第二距离，所述第二距离的尺寸为L*(3％-8％)mm。
所述防护板1的宽度尺寸为Wmm，在所述防护板1的宽度方向上，所述金属层12的边缘与所述第一纤维树脂复合层11的边缘之间存在第三距离，所述第三距离的尺寸为W*(2％-12％)mm；所述金属层12的边缘与所述缓冲层13的边缘之间存在第四距离，所述第四距离的尺寸为W*(2％-12％)mm。
在该实施例中，在防护板1的长度方向上，金属层12具有第一边缘和第二边缘，第一纤维树脂复合层11具有第三边缘和第四边缘，其中第一边缘和第三边缘位于同侧，第二边缘和第四边缘位于同侧，其中金属层12的第一边缘与第一纤维树脂复合层11的第三边缘之间存在第一距离，第一距离的尺寸为L*(3％-8％)mm。或者金属层12的第二边缘与第一纤维树脂复合层11的第四边缘之间也存在第一距离，所述第一距离的尺寸为L*(3％-8％)mm。
类似地，在防护板1的长度方向上，缓冲层13具有第五边缘和第六边缘，所述第一边缘和所述第五边缘位于同侧，所述第二边缘和所述第六边缘位于同侧，所述第一边缘和所述第五边缘之间存在第二距离，所述第二边缘和所述第六边缘之间存在第二距离。
在该实施例中，金属层12的长度尺寸小于第一纤维树脂复合层11的长度尺寸，以及金属层12的长度尺寸小于缓冲层13的长度尺寸。本实施例限定金属层12的边缘与所述第一纤维树脂复合层11的边缘存在第一距离，第一距离的尺寸为L*(3％-8％)mm；以及限定金属层12的边缘与缓冲层13的边缘之间存在第二距离，所述第二距离的尺寸为L*(3％-8％)mm，一方面使得金属层12位于第一纤维树脂复合层11与缓冲层13之间，避免了金属层12沿防护板1长度方向设置的表面被腐蚀；另一方面由于金属层12的长度尺寸小于第一纤维树脂复合层11的长度尺寸，以及金属层12的长度尺寸小于缓冲层13的长度尺寸，因此在防护板1的长度边缘区域是没有设置金属层12的，本实施例将第一距离和第二距离限定在此范围内，增强了防护板1的边缘区域的结构强度。
在该实施例中，在防护板1的宽度方向上，金属层12具有第七边缘和第八边缘，第一纤维树脂复合层11具有第九边缘和第十边缘，所述第七边缘和所述第九边缘位于同侧，所述第八边缘和所述第十边缘位于同侧，所述第七边缘和所述第九边缘之间存在第三距离，所述第八边缘和所述第十边缘之间存在第三距离。
类似地，在防护板1的宽度方向上，缓冲层13具有第十一边缘和第十二边缘，所述第七边缘和所述第十一边缘位于同侧，所述第八边缘和所述第十二边缘位于同侧，所述第七边缘和所述第十一边缘之间存在第四距离，所述第八边缘和所述第十二边缘之间存在第四距离。
在该实施例中，金属层12的宽度尺寸小于第一纤维树脂复合层11的宽度尺寸，以及金属层12的宽度尺寸小于缓冲层13的宽度尺寸。本实施例限定金属层12的边缘与所述第一纤维树脂复合层11的边缘之间存在第三距离，第三距离的尺寸为W*(2％-12％)mm，以及限定金属层12的边缘与缓冲层13的边缘之间存在第四距离，所述第四距离的尺寸为W*(2％-12％)mm，一方面使得金属层12位于第一纤维树脂复合层11与缓冲层13之间，避免金属层12中沿防护板1的宽度方向设置的表面被腐蚀；另一方面在防护板1的宽度边缘区域是没有设置金属层12的，本实施例将第三距离和第四距离限定在此范围内，增加了防护板1的边缘区域的结构强度。
例如第一距离的尺寸可以为L*(3％-5％)mm、L*(5％-8％)mm，第二距离的尺寸可以为L*(3％-5％)mm、L*(5％-8％)mm；第三距离的尺寸可以为W*(2％-10％)mm、 W*(3％-12％)mm，第四距离的尺寸可以为W*(2％-10％)mm、W*(3％-12％)mm。
在一个实施例中，所述第一纤维树脂复合层11包括纤维和树脂，所述纤维为碳纤维、玻璃纤维、芳纶纤维中的至少一种，所述树脂为环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、聚丙烯树脂、尼龙树脂中的至少一种。
在该实施例中，对第一纤维树脂复合层11的纤维的类型以及树脂的类型进行了限定，以提升防护板1的结构强度。例如第一纤维树脂复合层11可以采用玻璃纤维和环氧树脂制成。
在一个实施例中，所述缓冲层13具有蜂窝结构19，所述蜂窝结构19的孔径尺寸为6mm-10mm，所述蜂窝结构19的孔壁尺寸为0.3mm-0.8mm，或者所述缓冲层13具有泡沫结构。
本实施例对缓冲层中蜂窝结构19进行了限定，具体地，对蜂窝结构的空间尺寸和孔壁尺寸进行了限定，使得缓冲层13能够具有更好的缓冲吸能作用。
另外缓冲层13的材质可以是铝，在铝板上形成蜂窝结构；或者缓冲层13的材质可以聚丙烯，在聚丙烯板(PP板)上形成蜂窝结构，提升了防护板1的抗冲击力，同时增加了防护板1整体刚度。
在一个可选的实施例中，缓冲层13可以具有泡沫结构，使得缓冲层13具有缓冲吸能作用。
根据本申请实施例第二方面，提供了一种电池包2。所述电池包2包括托盘21和如第一方面所述的防护板，所述防护板1安装在所述托盘21上。
在该实施例中，提供了一种电池包2。电池包2包括本申请的防护板1，防护板1安装在电池包2的托盘21上，防护板1对电池包2起到防护作用，提升了电池包2的安全性。参照图1所示，电池包2由密封盖23、电芯22、托盘21和防护板1构成，密封盖23和托盘21围合形成了容纳电芯22的容纳空间，防护板1与设置在托盘21的外部，并且防护板1与托盘21的底部连接。
根据本申请实施例第三方面，提供了一种车辆。所述车辆包括如第二方面所述的电池包2。
在该实施例中，提供了一种车辆，车辆包括上述所述的电池包2以及与电池包连接的负载。负载包括但不限于逆变器、空调压缩机等。电池包2应用在车辆中，电池包2的安全性得到了保证，进而提升了车辆运行过程中的安全性。
上文实施例中重点描述的是各个实施例之间的不同，各个实施例之间不同的优化特征只要不矛盾，均可以组合形成更优的实施例，考虑到行文简洁，在此则不再赘述。
虽然已经通过示例对本申请的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解，以上示例仅是为了进行说明，而不是为了限制本申请的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解，可在不脱离本申请的范围和精神的情况下，对以上实施例进行修改。本申请的范围由所附权利要求来限定。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种用于电池包(2)的防护板(1)，其特征在于，所述防护板(1)包括依次层叠设置的第一纤维树脂复合层(11)、金属层(12)以及缓冲层(13)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的防护板(1)，其特征在于，所述防护板(1)还包括第二纤维树脂复合层(14)，所述第二纤维树脂复合层(14)设置在所述缓冲层(13)背离所述金属层(12)的一侧。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的防护板(1)，其特征在于，所述第一纤维树脂复合层(11)的厚度为0.3mm-1.0mm，所述金属层(12)的厚度为0.6mm-1.2mm，所述缓冲层(13)的厚度为6mm-12mm，所述第二纤维树脂复合层(14)的厚度为0.5mm-1.0mm。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的防护板(1)，其特征在于，所述防护板(1)的厚度为7-15mm。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的防护板(1)，其特征在于，所述第一纤维树脂复合层(11)与所述金属层(12)之间设有第一粘接剂层(15)，所述第一粘接剂层(15)的厚度为0.1mm-0.3mm；和/或
    所述金属层(12)与所述缓冲层(13)之间设有第二粘接剂层(16)，所述第二粘接剂层(16)的厚度为0.1mm-0.3mm。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的防护板(1)，其特征在于，所述缓冲层(13)与所述第二纤维树脂复合层(14)之间设置有第三粘接剂层，所述第三粘接剂层的厚度为0.1mm-0.3mm。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的防护板(1)，其特征在于，所述缓冲层(13)与所述金属层(12)通过熔融部连接，所述金属层(12)上开设有连接孔(20)，所述熔融部的一端位于连接孔(20)内，并与所述连接孔(20)的内壁连接，所述熔融部的另一端与所述缓冲层(13)连接；或者
    所述缓冲层(13)朝向所述金属层(12)的一侧设置有凹陷槽(17)，所述金属层(12)位于所述凹陷槽(17)内。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的防护板(1)，其特征在于，所述金属层(12)在所述防护板(1)的长度方向上具有第一尺寸，所述第一纤维树脂复合层(11)在所述防护板(1)的长度方向上具有第二尺寸，所述缓冲层(13)在所述防护板(1)的长度方向上具有第三尺寸，所述第一尺寸小于所述第二尺寸，所述第一尺寸小于所述第三尺寸；和/或
    所述金属层(12)在所述防护板(1)的宽度方向上具有第四尺寸，所述第一纤维树脂复合层(11)在所述防护板(1)的宽度方向上具有第五尺寸，所述缓冲层(13)在所述防护板(1)的宽度方向上具有第六尺寸，所述第四尺寸小于所述第五尺寸，所述第四尺寸小于所述第六尺寸。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的防护板(1)，其特征在于，所述第二尺寸大于或者等于第三尺寸；和/或所述第五尺寸大于或者等于所述第六尺寸。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的防护板(1)，其特征在于，所述防护板(1)还包括第二纤维树脂复合层(14)，所述第二纤维树脂复合层(14)设置在所述缓冲层(13)背离所述金属层(12)的一侧，所述第二纤维树脂复合层(14)在所述防护板(1)的长度方向上具有第七尺寸，所述第七尺寸与所述第二尺寸相等；和/或所述第二纤维树脂复合层(14)在所述防护板(1)的宽度方向上具有第八尺寸，所述第五尺寸等于所述第八尺寸。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的防护板(1)，其特征在于，所述防护板(1)的长度尺寸为Lmm，在所述防护板(1)的长度方向上，所述金属层(12)的边缘与所述第一纤维树脂复合层(11)的边缘之间存在第一距离，所述第一距离的尺寸为L*(3％-8％)mm；所述金属层(12)的边缘与所述缓冲层(13)的边缘之间存在第二距离，所述第二距离的尺寸为L*(3％-8％)mm；和/或
    所述防护板(1)的宽度尺寸为Wmm，在所述防护板(1)的宽度方向上，所述金属层(12)的边缘与所述第一纤维树脂复合层(11)的边缘之间存在第三距离，所述第三距离的尺寸为W*(2％-12％)mm；所述金属层(12)的边缘与所述缓冲层(13)的边缘之间存在第四距离，所述第四距离的尺寸为W*(2％-12％)mm。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的防护板(1)，其特征在于，所述第一纤维树脂复合层(11)包括纤维和树脂，所述纤维为碳纤维、玻璃纤维、芳纶纤维中的至少一种，所述树脂为环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、聚丙烯树脂、尼龙树脂中的至少一种。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的防护板(1)，其特征在于，所述缓冲层(13)具有蜂窝结构(19)，所述蜂窝结构(19)的孔径尺寸为6mm-10mm，所述蜂窝结构(19)的孔壁尺寸为0.3mm-0.8mm，或者所述缓冲层(13)具有泡沫结构。
  14. 一种电池包(2)，其特征在于，所述电池包(2)包括托盘(21)和如权利要求1-13任一项所述的防护板(1)，所述防护板(1)安装在所述托盘(21)上。
  15. 一种车辆，其特征在于，所述车辆包括如权利要求14所述的电池包(2)以及与所述电池包(2)连接的负载。
PCT/CN2023/071513 2022-01-28 2023-01-10 用于电池包的防护板、电池包以及车辆 WO2023143040A1 (zh)

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