WO2023103406A1 - Construction process of plastering mortar - Google Patents

Construction process of plastering mortar Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023103406A1
WO2023103406A1 PCT/CN2022/108395 CN2022108395W WO2023103406A1 WO 2023103406 A1 WO2023103406 A1 WO 2023103406A1 CN 2022108395 W CN2022108395 W CN 2022108395W WO 2023103406 A1 WO2023103406 A1 WO 2023103406A1
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Prior art keywords
mortar
plastering
wall
layer
ash
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PCT/CN2022/108395
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
吴涛涛
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上海隆振建筑工程股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2023103406A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023103406A1/en

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/02—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings of plastic materials hardening after applying, e.g. plaster

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of plastering mortar construction, in particular to a construction process of plastering mortar.
  • plastering mortar any mortar that is applied on the surface of buildings and components and the surface of the base material, and has the functions of protecting the base layer and meeting the requirements of use, can be collectively referred to as plastering mortar (also called plastering mortar).
  • Plastering mortar is mainly used for anti-crack protection layer outside the insulation layer in benzene thin plastering insulation system, also known as polymer plastering anti-cracking mortar.
  • plastering mortar when applying plastering mortar, it is mainly to apply the plastering mortar directly on the wall at one time after cleaning the wall. Controlled, it is easy to cause the final adhesion of the plastering mortar to be poor, and it is easy to fall off. At the same time, it is easy to cause hollowing and other connection of the plastering mortar during the drying process due to too thick one-time application, which greatly reduces the plastering quality of the plastering mortar. On the other hand During the plastering process, due to the inability to effectively level and seal the wall, the quality of the final surface mortar after construction is poor and prone to cracking.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a construction technique for plastering mortar in order to solve the above problems.
  • a construction technique for plastering mortar which comprises the following steps:
  • Step 1 Base treatment: Remove dust, dirt, alkali film, mortar and other attachments on the wall, and sprinkle water to moisten it.
  • the prepared cement mortar can be evenly sprayed on the surface by chiseling and blowing.
  • On the wall use a grinding board to dry the rough surface.
  • a steel trowel to cross and draw oblique lines at certain distances on the surface. After the cement mortar is hardened, apply the bottom ash;
  • Step 2 Squaring and hanging straight: Before plastering the bottom layer, you must first perform operations such as square corners, leveling horizontal lines, hanging vertical lines, and popping up reference lines. For intermediate plastering, you can first check the wall with a mop board Flatness and verticality, and in the case of controlling the squareness of the sun angle and the crossing curve, roughly determine the thickness of the plaster and then hang the line. For advanced plastering, the room is firstly squared, and the cross line is popped up on the ground as a benchmark. Combined with the flatness and verticality of the wall surface, the position of the hanging line is roughly determined. After the wall is plastered, the supporting line is pier.
  • a standard pier When pierning, a standard pier should be made on each of the left and right corners, and then the vertical line of the hammer should be used to make the lower corner of the wall. Two standards, and then pass the line between the two standards on the left and right corners of the wall, and make several mortar piers at the upper and lower corners of the doors and windows at intervals of about 1.-1.3 meters;
  • Step 3 Wall punching reinforcement: After the mortar pier is hardened, apply the same mortar as the plastering layer, and make a 35-50mm wide mortar belt between the upper and lower mortar pier, and use the upper and lower mortar pier as a reference, and push it flat with pressing teeth After punching the rib tile city, the blocking and plastering operations can only be carried out after it is slightly dry;
  • Step 4 Make corner protection: According to the gap between the mortar pier and the edge of the door frame and the wall, after using a square ruler to measure, hang it straight at the outside corner twice, fix the ruler board, wipe the place with cement mortar, and use the outside corner Push out the small rounded corner with the trowel, and finally use the ruler to cut off the excess mortar at a position 50mm away from the male corner twice at an oblique angle of 45 degrees;
  • Step 5 Wipe the bottom layer and middle layer of dust: When the wall is wet, wipe the bottom layer of dust. For the surface of the concrete wall, brush one side of the cement slurry first, and then wipe the bottom layer of dust with the brush. After the bottom layer is slightly dry, use the same method If the middle layer of ash is too thick, apply it layer by layer, and test its verticality, flatness, and positive angle after application;
  • Step 6 Plastering the overlay: When the middle layer of ash reaches 7 dry, you can apply the overlay of paper-reinforced ash.
  • the thickness of the overlay of paper-reinforced ash shall not exceed 2.5mm.
  • it should be compacted in time, and depending on the degree of dryness and wetness of the mortar, use an ash spoon to dip the water and press it to make the surface layer more delicate and smooth.
  • the sub-tweets are smooth and smooth, and the gray overlay of the paper bars should be bonded firmly without spoon marks, air bubbles, paper particles and uneven joints, and the internal corners intersecting with the walls or beams should be in a straight line;
  • Step 7 Apply cement mortar surface layer: The next day after the middle layer mortar is applied, use 1:2.5 cement mortar to plaster the surface layer with a thickness of 5-8mm. When operating, first wet the wall surface, and then scrape it thinly with mortar. Make it stick to the middle layer of ash, and then apply the second layer to reach the required thickness. Use a pressure gauge to level it out and straighten it. After it is closed, use a gray spoon to compact and calender;
  • Step 8 Plastering maintenance: After plastering, water the plastered wall in time for maintenance to ensure the final plastering quality of the mortar and avoid cracking.
  • the cement mortar in the step 1 has a material-to-water ratio of 1:2.5, and the cement mortar needs to be mixed with an adhesive before use.
  • the material-to-water ratio of the base cement mortar, and adding the adhesive effectively improving the adhesion of the base mortar after plastering.
  • the material water of the cement-mixed mortar used when plastering the bottom ash in the step 5 is 1:1.6, and the plastering thickness is 4-6mm.
  • the plastering thickness is 4-6mm.
  • the mortar used for the middle layer ash in the step 5 is the same as the mortar used for the bottom layer ash, and the plastering thickness is 5-7mm.
  • the invention strictly controls the material-water ratio and plastering thickness of the plastering mortar before and after plastering, effectively ensuring the compactness and adhesion of the mortar after plastering, so that the mortar is not easy to fall off after plastering, and no hollowing phenomenon occurs.
  • the plastering quality of the mortar is greatly improved.
  • by effectively sealing and leveling the plastering wall before the plastering process problems such as cracking after the plastering are effectively avoided, ensuring the final construction quality and facilitating large-scale promotion application.
  • a construction technique for plastering mortar which comprises the following steps:
  • Step 1 Base treatment: Remove dust, dirt, alkali film, mortar and other attachments on the wall, and sprinkle water to moisten it.
  • the prepared cement mortar can be evenly sprayed on the surface by chiseling and blowing.
  • On the wall use a grinding board to dry the rough surface.
  • a steel trowel to cross and draw oblique lines at certain distances on the surface. After the cement mortar is hardened, apply the bottom ash;
  • Step 2 Squaring and hanging straight: Before plastering the bottom layer, you must first perform operations such as square corners, leveling horizontal lines, hanging vertical lines, and popping up reference lines. For intermediate plastering, you can first check the wall with a mop board Flatness and verticality, and in the case of controlling the squareness of the sun angle and the crossing curve, roughly determine the thickness of the plaster and then hang the line. For advanced plastering, the room is firstly squared, and the cross line is popped up on the ground as a benchmark. Combined with the flatness and verticality of the wall surface, the position of the hanging line is roughly determined. After the wall is plastered, the supporting line is pier.
  • a standard pier When pierning, a standard pier should be made on each of the left and right corners, and then the vertical line of the hammer should be used to make the lower corner of the wall. Two standards, and then pass the line between the two standards on the left and right corners of the wall, and make several mortar piers at the upper and lower corners of the doors and windows at intervals of about 1.-1.3 meters;
  • Step 3 Wall punching reinforcement: After the mortar pier is hardened, apply the same mortar as the plastering layer, and make a 35-50mm wide mortar belt between the upper and lower mortar pier, and use the upper and lower mortar pier as a reference, and push it flat with pressing teeth After punching the rib tile city, the blocking and plastering operations can only be carried out after it is slightly dry;
  • Step 4 Make corner protection: According to the gap between the mortar pier and the edge of the door frame and the wall, after using a square ruler to measure, hang it straight at the outside corner twice, fix the ruler board, wipe the place with cement mortar, and use the outside corner Push out the small rounded corner with the trowel, and finally use the ruler to cut off the excess mortar at a position 50mm away from the male corner twice at an oblique angle of 45 degrees;
  • Step 5 Wipe the bottom layer and middle layer of dust: When the wall is wet, wipe the bottom layer of dust. For the surface of the concrete wall, brush one side of the cement slurry first, and then wipe the bottom layer of dust with the brush. After the bottom layer is slightly dry, use the same method If the middle layer of ash is too thick, apply it layer by layer, and test its verticality, flatness, and positive angle after application;
  • Step 6 Plastering the overlay: When the middle layer of ash reaches 7 dry, you can apply the overlay of paper-reinforced ash.
  • the thickness of the overlay of paper-reinforced ash shall not exceed 2.5mm.
  • it should be compacted in time, and depending on the degree of dryness and wetness of the mortar, use an ash spoon to dip the water and press it to make the surface layer more delicate and smooth.
  • the sub-tweets are smooth and smooth, and the gray overlay of the paper bars should be bonded firmly without spoon marks, air bubbles, paper particles and uneven joints, and the internal corners intersecting with the walls or beams should be in a straight line;
  • Step 7 Apply cement mortar surface layer: The next day after the middle layer mortar is applied, use 1:2.5 cement mortar to plaster the surface layer with a thickness of 5-8mm. When operating, first wet the wall surface, and then scrape it thinly with mortar. Make it stick to the middle layer of ash, and then apply the second layer to reach the required thickness. Use a pressure gauge to level it out and straighten it. After it is closed, use a gray spoon to compact and calender;
  • Step 8 Plastering maintenance: After plastering, water the plastered wall in time for maintenance to ensure the final plastering quality of the mortar and avoid cracking.
  • the cement mortar in step 1 has a material-to-water ratio of 1:2.5, and the cement mortar needs to be doped with an adhesive before use.
  • the material-to-water ratio of the base cement mortar By strictly controlling the material-to-water ratio of the base cement mortar and increasing the Adhesive, which effectively improves the adhesion of the base mortar after plastering.
  • the material water of the cement mixed mortar used in step 5 when plastering the bottom ash is 1:1.6, and the thickness of the plastering is 4-6mm.
  • the mortar used for the middle layer ash in the step 5 is the same as the mortar used for the bottom layer ash, and the thickness of the plastering is 5-7mm.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention is a construction process of plastering mortar, comprising the following steps: step 1, substrate treatment: removing adhesions such as dust, dirt, alkali films and mortar on the wall surface, and sprinkling water for wetting. The beneficial effects are that: by strictly controlling the material-water ratio and the plastering thickness of plastering mortar before and after plastering, the present invention effectively ensures the compactness and adhesion of the mortar after plastering, so that the mortar is not prone to fall off after being plastered, and a hollowing phenomenon would not occur, thereby greatly improving the quality of mortar plastering; in addition, by performing treatment, such as effective sealing and leveling, on a wall to be plastered before a plastering process, the problem of cracking after mortar plastering is effectively avoided, thereby ensuring the final construction quality and facilitating large-scale popularization and application.

Description

一种抹面砂浆的施工工艺A construction technique of plastering mortar
本申请要求申请日为2021年12月9日的中国专利申请2021114973196的优先权。本申请引用上述中国专利申请的全文。This application claims the priority of Chinese patent application 2021114973196 with a filing date of December 9, 2021. This application cites the full text of the above-mentioned Chinese patent application.
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及到抹面砂浆施工技术领域，尤其涉及一种抹面砂浆的施工工艺。The invention relates to the technical field of plastering mortar construction, in particular to a construction process of plastering mortar.
背景技术Background technique
凡涂抹在建筑物和构件表面以及基底材料的表面，兼有保护基层和满足使用要求作用的砂浆，可统称为抹面砂浆(也称抹灰砂浆)。抹面砂浆主要用于苯薄抹灰保温***中保温层外的抗裂保护层，亦被称为聚合物抹面抗裂砂浆。Any mortar that is applied on the surface of buildings and components and the surface of the base material, and has the functions of protecting the base layer and meeting the requirements of use, can be collectively referred to as plastering mortar (also called plastering mortar). Plastering mortar is mainly used for anti-crack protection layer outside the insulation layer in benzene thin plastering insulation system, also known as polymer plastering anti-cracking mortar.
目前在对抹面砂浆进行涂抹时，主要是在对墙体进行清理后，直接将抹面砂浆一次性涂抹在墙体上，一方面抹面砂浆在配置过程中的料水比以及涂膜厚度得不到把控，容易导致抹面砂浆最终的附着力较差，容易脱落，同时容易因一次性涂抹过厚导致面砂浆在干燥过程中出现空鼓等相连，大大降低了抹面砂浆的抹面质量，另一方面在抹面过程中由于无法对墙体进行有效的平整、密封等处理，导致最终施工后的面砂浆质量较差，容易出现开裂现象。At present, when applying plastering mortar, it is mainly to apply the plastering mortar directly on the wall at one time after cleaning the wall. Controlled, it is easy to cause the final adhesion of the plastering mortar to be poor, and it is easy to fall off. At the same time, it is easy to cause hollowing and other connection of the plastering mortar during the drying process due to too thick one-time application, which greatly reduces the plastering quality of the plastering mortar. On the other hand During the plastering process, due to the inability to effectively level and seal the wall, the quality of the final surface mortar after construction is poor and prone to cracking.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的就在于为了解决上述问题而提供一种抹面砂浆的施工工艺。The object of the present invention is to provide a construction technique for plastering mortar in order to solve the above problems.
本发明通过以下技术方案来实现上述目的：The present invention achieves the above object through the following technical solutions:
一种抹面砂浆的施工工艺，它包括以下步骤：A construction technique for plastering mortar, which comprises the following steps:
步骤1：基层处理：清除墙面的灰尘、污垢、碱膜、砂浆等附着物，并洒水湿润，对于较为光滑的墙面可通过凿毛以及喷吹的方法将配好的水泥砂 浆均匀喷射在墙面上，并用磨板搓干带毛面，在砂浆凝固之前，表面用钢抹子每隔一定距离交叉画出斜线，待铺设的水泥砂浆硬结后再进行底灰涂抹作业；Step 1: Base treatment: Remove dust, dirt, alkali film, mortar and other attachments on the wall, and sprinkle water to moisten it. For smoother walls, the prepared cement mortar can be evenly sprayed on the surface by chiseling and blowing. On the wall, use a grinding board to dry the rough surface. Before the mortar solidifies, use a steel trowel to cross and draw oblique lines at certain distances on the surface. After the cement mortar is hardened, apply the bottom ash;
步骤2：套方、吊直：抹底层灰前，必须先进行四角规方、横线找平、立线吊直、弹出基准线等操作，对于中级抹灰，可先用拖线板检查墙面平整以及垂直度，并在控制阳角方正以及过曲线的情况下，大致确定抹灰厚度后进行挂线，对于高级抹灰，因先将房间规方，先在地面上弹出十字线作为基准，并结合墙面平整度以及垂直度大致确定挂线位置，墙面抹灰后进行撑线打墩，打墩时应先在左右墙角上各做一个标准墩，然后用线锤垂直线做墙下角两个标准，再往墙角左右两个标准之间通线，每隔1.-1.3米左右机在门窗上阳角等处各补做若干个砂浆墩；Step 2: Squaring and hanging straight: Before plastering the bottom layer, you must first perform operations such as square corners, leveling horizontal lines, hanging vertical lines, and popping up reference lines. For intermediate plastering, you can first check the wall with a mop board Flatness and verticality, and in the case of controlling the squareness of the sun angle and the crossing curve, roughly determine the thickness of the plaster and then hang the line. For advanced plastering, the room is firstly squared, and the cross line is popped up on the ground as a benchmark. Combined with the flatness and verticality of the wall surface, the position of the hanging line is roughly determined. After the wall is plastered, the supporting line is pier. When pierning, a standard pier should be made on each of the left and right corners, and then the vertical line of the hammer should be used to make the lower corner of the wall. Two standards, and then pass the line between the two standards on the left and right corners of the wall, and make several mortar piers at the upper and lower corners of the doors and windows at intervals of about 1.-1.3 meters;
步骤3：墙面冲筋：待砂浆墩硬结后，适用于抹灰层相同砂浆，在上下砂浆墩之间做宽35-50mm的灰浆带，并一上下砂浆墩为基准，用压齿推平，冲筋瓦城后因等其稍干后才能进行堵面、抹灰作业；Step 3: Wall punching reinforcement: After the mortar pier is hardened, apply the same mortar as the plastering layer, and make a 35-50mm wide mortar belt between the upper and lower mortar pier, and use the upper and lower mortar pier as a reference, and push it flat with pressing teeth After punching the rib tile city, the blocking and plastering operations can only be carried out after it is slightly dry;
步骤4：做护角：根据砂浆墩和门框边离墙面的空隙，用方尺规方后，分别在阳角两遍吊直，并固定好靠尺板，抹处水泥砂浆呼叫，并用阳角抹子推出小圆角，最后利用靠尺板在阳角两遍50mm以外位置，以45度斜角将多余砂浆切除；Step 4: Make corner protection: According to the gap between the mortar pier and the edge of the door frame and the wall, after using a square ruler to measure, hang it straight at the outside corner twice, fix the ruler board, wipe the place with cement mortar, and use the outside corner Push out the small rounded corner with the trowel, and finally use the ruler to cut off the excess mortar at a position 50mm away from the male corner twice at an oblique angle of 45 degrees;
步骤5：抹底层和中层灰：在墙体湿润的情况下抹底层灰，对混凝土墙体表面，因先刷一边水泥浆，并随刷随抹底层灰，待底层会稍干，以同样的方式涂抹中层灰若中层灰过厚，因进行分层涂抹，并在涂抹后对其垂直度、平整度、阳角等进行检测；Step 5: Wipe the bottom layer and middle layer of dust: When the wall is wet, wipe the bottom layer of dust. For the surface of the concrete wall, brush one side of the cement slurry first, and then wipe the bottom layer of dust with the brush. After the bottom layer is slightly dry, use the same method If the middle layer of ash is too thick, apply it layer by layer, and test its verticality, flatness, and positive angle after application;
步骤6：抹罩面层：待中层灰达到7干时，即可涂抹纸筋灰罩面层，纸筋灰罩面层厚度不得大于2.5mm，抹灰时要压实抹平，待灰浆稍干时，要及时压实,并可视灰浆干湿程度用灰匙醮水末压、溜光，使面层更为细腻光滑，窗洞口阳角墙面及阴角等部位要分别用阴阳角抹子推顺溜光，抹纸筋灰罩面层要粘结牢固，不得有匙痕、气泡、纸粒和接缝不平等现象，与墙边或梁边 相交的阴角应成一条直线；Step 6: Plastering the overlay: When the middle layer of ash reaches 7 dry, you can apply the overlay of paper-reinforced ash. The thickness of the overlay of paper-reinforced ash shall not exceed 2.5mm. When it is dry, it should be compacted in time, and depending on the degree of dryness and wetness of the mortar, use an ash spoon to dip the water and press it to make the surface layer more delicate and smooth. The sub-tweets are smooth and smooth, and the gray overlay of the paper bars should be bonded firmly without spoon marks, air bubbles, paper particles and uneven joints, and the internal corners intersecting with the walls or beams should be in a straight line;
步骤7：抹水泥砂浆面层：中层砂浆抹好后第二天，用1：2.5的水泥砂浆抹面层，厚度为5-8mm，操作时先将墙面湿润，然后用砂浆薄刮，到使其与中层灰粘牢,紧跟着抹第二道、达到要求的厚度用压尺刮平找直待其收身后，用灰匙压实压光；Step 7: Apply cement mortar surface layer: The next day after the middle layer mortar is applied, use 1:2.5 cement mortar to plaster the surface layer with a thickness of 5-8mm. When operating, first wet the wall surface, and then scrape it thinly with mortar. Make it stick to the middle layer of ash, and then apply the second layer to reach the required thickness. Use a pressure gauge to level it out and straighten it. After it is closed, use a gray spoon to compact and calender;
步骤8：抹灰养护：待抹灰后，及时对抹灰后的墙面进行洒水养护，以确保砂浆最终的抹灰质量，避免开裂。Step 8: Plastering maintenance: After plastering, water the plastered wall in time for maintenance to ensure the final plastering quality of the mortar and avoid cracking.
进一步的，所述步骤1中的水泥砂浆的料水比为1：2.5，且水泥砂浆在使用前需要掺杂粘接剂，通过严格把控基层水泥砂浆的料水比，并增加粘接剂，有效提高了基层砂浆在抹灰后的附着力。Further, the cement mortar in the step 1 has a material-to-water ratio of 1:2.5, and the cement mortar needs to be mixed with an adhesive before use. By strictly controlling the material-to-water ratio of the base cement mortar, and adding the adhesive , effectively improving the adhesion of the base mortar after plastering.
进一步的，所述步骤5中在抹底灰时所用的的水泥混合砂浆的料水为1:1.6，抹灰厚度为4-6mm，通过严格把控底层灰的厚度，能够确保底层在抹灰后的密实度，避免出现空鼓汽包等现象。Further, the material water of the cement-mixed mortar used when plastering the bottom ash in the step 5 is 1:1.6, and the plastering thickness is 4-6mm. By strictly controlling the thickness of the bottom ash, it can ensure that the bottom is plastered The final compactness can avoid phenomena such as empty drums.
进一步的，所述步骤5中中层灰所用砂浆与底层灰所用砂浆相同，抹灰厚度为5-7mm，通过严格把控中层灰的厚度，能够确保底层在抹灰后的密实度，提高最终砂浆面的抹灰质量。Further, the mortar used for the middle layer ash in the step 5 is the same as the mortar used for the bottom layer ash, and the plastering thickness is 5-7mm. By strictly controlling the thickness of the middle layer ash, the compactness of the bottom layer after plastering can be ensured, and the final mortar can be improved. Surface plaster quality.
本发明的有益效果在于：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
本发明通过在抹灰前后严格把控抹面砂浆的料水比以及抹灰厚度，有效确保了砂浆在抹面后的密实度以及附着力，使得砂浆在抹面后不易脱落，不会出现空鼓现象，大大提高了砂浆的抹面质量，同时通过在抹面过程前，对抹面墙体进行有效密封、平整等处理，有效避免了砂浆涂抹后出现的开裂等问题，确保了最终的施工质量，便于大规模推广应用。The invention strictly controls the material-water ratio and plastering thickness of the plastering mortar before and after plastering, effectively ensuring the compactness and adhesion of the mortar after plastering, so that the mortar is not easy to fall off after plastering, and no hollowing phenomenon occurs. The plastering quality of the mortar is greatly improved. At the same time, by effectively sealing and leveling the plastering wall before the plastering process, problems such as cracking after the plastering are effectively avoided, ensuring the final construction quality and facilitating large-scale promotion application.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
一种抹面砂浆的施工工艺，它包括以下步骤：A construction technique for plastering mortar, which comprises the following steps:
步骤1：基层处理：清除墙面的灰尘、污垢、碱膜、砂浆等附着物，并洒水湿润，对于较为光滑的墙面可通过凿毛以及喷吹的方法将配好的水泥砂 浆均匀喷射在墙面上，并用磨板搓干带毛面，在砂浆凝固之前，表面用钢抹子每隔一定距离交叉画出斜线，待铺设的水泥砂浆硬结后再进行底灰涂抹作业；Step 1: Base treatment: Remove dust, dirt, alkali film, mortar and other attachments on the wall, and sprinkle water to moisten it. For smoother walls, the prepared cement mortar can be evenly sprayed on the surface by chiseling and blowing. On the wall, use a grinding board to dry the rough surface. Before the mortar solidifies, use a steel trowel to cross and draw oblique lines at certain distances on the surface. After the cement mortar is hardened, apply the bottom ash;
步骤2：套方、吊直：抹底层灰前，必须先进行四角规方、横线找平、立线吊直、弹出基准线等操作，对于中级抹灰，可先用拖线板检查墙面平整以及垂直度，并在控制阳角方正以及过曲线的情况下，大致确定抹灰厚度后进行挂线，对于高级抹灰，因先将房间规方，先在地面上弹出十字线作为基准，并结合墙面平整度以及垂直度大致确定挂线位置，墙面抹灰后进行撑线打墩，打墩时应先在左右墙角上各做一个标准墩，然后用线锤垂直线做墙下角两个标准，再往墙角左右两个标准之间通线，每隔1.-1.3米左右机在门窗上阳角等处各补做若干个砂浆墩；Step 2: Squaring and hanging straight: Before plastering the bottom layer, you must first perform operations such as square corners, leveling horizontal lines, hanging vertical lines, and popping up reference lines. For intermediate plastering, you can first check the wall with a mop board Flatness and verticality, and in the case of controlling the squareness of the sun angle and the crossing curve, roughly determine the thickness of the plaster and then hang the line. For advanced plastering, the room is firstly squared, and the cross line is popped up on the ground as a benchmark. Combined with the flatness and verticality of the wall surface, the position of the hanging line is roughly determined. After the wall is plastered, the supporting line is pier. When pierning, a standard pier should be made on each of the left and right corners, and then the vertical line of the hammer should be used to make the lower corner of the wall. Two standards, and then pass the line between the two standards on the left and right corners of the wall, and make several mortar piers at the upper and lower corners of the doors and windows at intervals of about 1.-1.3 meters;
步骤3：墙面冲筋：待砂浆墩硬结后，适用于抹灰层相同砂浆，在上下砂浆墩之间做宽35-50mm的灰浆带，并一上下砂浆墩为基准，用压齿推平，冲筋瓦城后因等其稍干后才能进行堵面、抹灰作业；Step 3: Wall punching reinforcement: After the mortar pier is hardened, apply the same mortar as the plastering layer, and make a 35-50mm wide mortar belt between the upper and lower mortar pier, and use the upper and lower mortar pier as a reference, and push it flat with pressing teeth After punching the rib tile city, the blocking and plastering operations can only be carried out after it is slightly dry;
步骤4：做护角：根据砂浆墩和门框边离墙面的空隙，用方尺规方后，分别在阳角两遍吊直，并固定好靠尺板，抹处水泥砂浆呼叫，并用阳角抹子推出小圆角，最后利用靠尺板在阳角两遍50mm以外位置，以45度斜角将多余砂浆切除；Step 4: Make corner protection: According to the gap between the mortar pier and the edge of the door frame and the wall, after using a square ruler to measure, hang it straight at the outside corner twice, fix the ruler board, wipe the place with cement mortar, and use the outside corner Push out the small rounded corner with the trowel, and finally use the ruler to cut off the excess mortar at a position 50mm away from the male corner twice at an oblique angle of 45 degrees;
步骤5：抹底层和中层灰：在墙体湿润的情况下抹底层灰，对混凝土墙体表面，因先刷一边水泥浆，并随刷随抹底层灰，待底层会稍干，以同样的方式涂抹中层灰若中层灰过厚，因进行分层涂抹，并在涂抹后对其垂直度、平整度、阳角等进行检测；Step 5: Wipe the bottom layer and middle layer of dust: When the wall is wet, wipe the bottom layer of dust. For the surface of the concrete wall, brush one side of the cement slurry first, and then wipe the bottom layer of dust with the brush. After the bottom layer is slightly dry, use the same method If the middle layer of ash is too thick, apply it layer by layer, and test its verticality, flatness, and positive angle after application;
步骤6：抹罩面层：待中层灰达到7干时，即可涂抹纸筋灰罩面层，纸筋灰罩面层厚度不得大于2.5mm，抹灰时要压实抹平，待灰浆稍干时，要及时压实,并可视灰浆干湿程度用灰匙醮水末压、溜光，使面层更为细腻光滑，窗洞口阳角墙面及阴角等部位要分别用阴阳角抹子推顺溜光，抹纸筋灰罩面层要粘结牢固，不得有匙痕、气泡、纸粒和接缝不平等现象，与墙边或梁边 相交的阴角应成一条直线；Step 6: Plastering the overlay: When the middle layer of ash reaches 7 dry, you can apply the overlay of paper-reinforced ash. The thickness of the overlay of paper-reinforced ash shall not exceed 2.5mm. When it is dry, it should be compacted in time, and depending on the degree of dryness and wetness of the mortar, use an ash spoon to dip the water and press it to make the surface layer more delicate and smooth. The sub-tweets are smooth and smooth, and the gray overlay of the paper bars should be bonded firmly without spoon marks, air bubbles, paper particles and uneven joints, and the internal corners intersecting with the walls or beams should be in a straight line;
步骤7：抹水泥砂浆面层：中层砂浆抹好后第二天，用1：2.5的水泥砂浆抹面层，厚度为5-8mm，操作时先将墙面湿润，然后用砂浆薄刮，到使其与中层灰粘牢,紧跟着抹第二道、达到要求的厚度用压尺刮平找直待其收身后，用灰匙压实压光；Step 7: Apply cement mortar surface layer: The next day after the middle layer mortar is applied, use 1:2.5 cement mortar to plaster the surface layer with a thickness of 5-8mm. When operating, first wet the wall surface, and then scrape it thinly with mortar. Make it stick to the middle layer of ash, and then apply the second layer to reach the required thickness. Use a pressure gauge to level it out and straighten it. After it is closed, use a gray spoon to compact and calender;
步骤8：抹灰养护：待抹灰后，及时对抹灰后的墙面进行洒水养护，以确保砂浆最终的抹灰质量，避免开裂。Step 8: Plastering maintenance: After plastering, water the plastered wall in time for maintenance to ensure the final plastering quality of the mortar and avoid cracking.
本实施例中，所述步骤1中的水泥砂浆的料水比为1：2.5，且水泥砂浆在使用前需要掺杂粘接剂，通过严格把控基层水泥砂浆的料水比，并增加粘接剂，有效提高了基层砂浆在抹灰后的附着力。In this embodiment, the cement mortar in step 1 has a material-to-water ratio of 1:2.5, and the cement mortar needs to be doped with an adhesive before use. By strictly controlling the material-to-water ratio of the base cement mortar and increasing the Adhesive, which effectively improves the adhesion of the base mortar after plastering.
本实施例中，所述步骤5中在抹底灰时所用的的水泥混合砂浆的料水为1:1.6，抹灰厚度为4-6mm，通过严格把控底层灰的厚度，能够确保底层在抹灰后的密实度，避免出现空鼓汽包等现象。In this embodiment, the material water of the cement mixed mortar used in step 5 when plastering the bottom ash is 1:1.6, and the thickness of the plastering is 4-6mm. By strictly controlling the thickness of the bottom ash, it is possible to ensure that the bottom The compactness after plastering can avoid phenomena such as empty drums.
本实施例中，所述步骤5中中层灰所用砂浆与底层灰所用砂浆相同，抹灰厚度为5-7mm，通过严格把控中层灰的厚度，能够确保底层在抹灰后的密实度，提高最终砂浆面的抹灰质量。In this embodiment, the mortar used for the middle layer ash in the step 5 is the same as the mortar used for the bottom layer ash, and the thickness of the plastering is 5-7mm. By strictly controlling the thickness of the middle layer ash, the compactness of the bottom layer after plastering can be ensured, improving The plaster quality of the final mortar surface.
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of the present invention. within the scope of protection.

Claims (4)

  1. 一种抹面砂浆的施工工艺，其特征在于：它包括以下步骤：A construction technique for plastering mortar, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
    步骤1：基层处理：清除墙面的灰尘、污垢、碱膜、砂浆等附着物，并洒水湿润，对于较为光滑的墙面可通过凿毛以及喷吹的方法将配好的水泥砂浆均匀喷射在墙面上，并用磨板搓干带毛面，在砂浆凝固之前，表面用钢抹子每隔一定距离交叉画出斜线，待铺设的水泥砂浆硬结后再进行底灰涂抹作业；Step 1: Base treatment: Remove dust, dirt, alkali film, mortar and other attachments on the wall, and sprinkle water to moisten it. For smoother walls, the prepared cement mortar can be evenly sprayed on the surface by chiseling and blowing. On the wall, use a grinding board to dry the rough surface. Before the mortar solidifies, use a steel trowel to cross and draw oblique lines at certain distances on the surface. After the cement mortar is hardened, apply the bottom ash;
    步骤2：套方、吊直：抹底层灰前，必须先进行四角规方、横线找平、立线吊直、弹出基准线等操作，对于中级抹灰，可先用拖线板检查墙面平整以及垂直度，并在控制阳角方正以及过曲线的情况下，大致确定抹灰厚度后进行挂线，对于高级抹灰，因先将房间规方，先在地面上弹出十字线作为基准，并结合墙面平整度以及垂直度大致确定挂线位置，墙面抹灰后进行撑线打墩，打墩时应先在左右墙角上各做一个标准墩，然后用线锤垂直线做墙下角两个标准，再往墙角左右两个标准之间通线，每隔1.-1.3米左右机在门窗上阳角等处各补做若干个砂浆墩；Step 2: Squaring and hanging straight: Before plastering the bottom layer, you must first perform operations such as square corners, leveling horizontal lines, hanging vertical lines, and popping up reference lines. For intermediate plastering, you can first check the wall with a mop board Flatness and verticality, and in the case of controlling the squareness of the sun angle and the crossing curve, roughly determine the thickness of the plaster and then hang the line. For advanced plastering, the room is firstly squared, and the cross line is popped up on the ground as a benchmark. Combined with the flatness and verticality of the wall surface, the position of the hanging line is roughly determined. After the wall is plastered, the supporting line is pier. When pierning, a standard pier should be made on each of the left and right corners, and then the vertical line of the hammer should be used to make the lower corner of the wall. Two standards, and then pass the line between the two standards on the left and right corners of the wall, and make several mortar piers at the upper and lower corners of the doors and windows at intervals of about 1.-1.3 meters;
    步骤3：墙面冲筋：待砂浆墩硬结后，适用于抹灰层相同砂浆，在上下砂浆墩之间做宽35-50mm的灰浆带，并一上下砂浆墩为基准，用压齿推平，冲筋瓦城后因等其稍干后才能进行堵面、抹灰作业；Step 3: Wall punching reinforcement: After the mortar pier is hardened, apply the same mortar as the plastering layer, and make a 35-50mm wide mortar belt between the upper and lower mortar pier, and use the upper and lower mortar pier as a reference, and push it flat with pressing teeth After punching the rib tile city, the blocking and plastering operations can only be carried out after it is slightly dry;
    步骤4：做护角：根据砂浆墩和门框边离墙面的空隙，用方尺规方后，分别在阳角两遍吊直，并固定好靠尺板，抹处水泥砂浆呼叫，并用阳角抹子推出小圆角，最后利用靠尺板在阳角两遍50mm以外位置，以45度斜角将多余砂浆切除；Step 4: Make corner protection: According to the gap between the mortar pier and the edge of the door frame and the wall, after using a square ruler to measure, hang it straight at the outside corner twice, fix the ruler board, wipe the place with cement mortar, and use the outside corner Push out the small rounded corner with the trowel, and finally use the ruler to cut off the excess mortar at a position 50mm away from the male corner twice at an oblique angle of 45 degrees;
    步骤5：抹底层和中层灰：在墙体湿润的情况下抹底层灰，对混凝土墙体表面，因先刷一边水泥浆，并随刷随抹底层灰，待底层会稍干，以同样的方式涂抹中层灰若中层灰过厚，因进行分层涂抹，并在涂抹后对其垂直度、平整度、阳角等进行检测；Step 5: Wipe the bottom layer and middle layer of dust: When the wall is wet, wipe the bottom layer of dust. For the surface of the concrete wall, brush one side of the cement slurry first, and then wipe the bottom layer of dust with the brush. After the bottom layer is slightly dry, use the same method If the middle layer of ash is too thick, apply it layer by layer, and test its verticality, flatness, and positive angle after application;
    步骤6：抹罩面层：待中层灰达到7干时，即可涂抹纸筋灰罩面层，纸筋灰罩面层厚度不得大于2.5mm，抹灰时要压实抹平，待灰浆稍干时，要及时压实,并可视灰浆干湿程度用灰匙醮水末压、溜光，使面层更为细腻光滑，窗洞口阳角墙面及阴角等部位要分别用阴阳角抹子推顺溜光，抹纸筋灰罩面层要粘结牢固，不得有匙痕、气泡、纸粒和接缝不平等现象，与墙边或梁边相交的阴角应成一条直线；Step 6: Plastering the overlay: When the middle layer of ash reaches 7 dry, you can apply the overlay of paper-reinforced ash. The thickness of the overlay of paper-reinforced ash shall not exceed 2.5mm. When it is dry, it should be compacted in time, and depending on the degree of dryness and wetness of the mortar, use an ash spoon to dip the water and press it to make the surface layer more delicate and smooth. The sub-tweets are smooth and smooth, and the gray overlay of the paper bars should be bonded firmly without spoon marks, air bubbles, paper particles and uneven joints, and the internal corners intersecting with the walls or beams should be in a straight line;
    步骤7：抹水泥砂浆面层：中层砂浆抹好后第二天，用1：2.5的水泥砂浆抹面层，厚度为5-8mm，操作时先将墙面湿润，然后用砂浆薄刮，到使其与中层灰粘牢,紧跟着抹第二道、达到要求的厚度用压尺刮平找直待其收身后，用灰匙压实压光；Step 7: Apply cement mortar surface layer: The next day after the middle layer mortar is applied, use 1:2.5 cement mortar to plaster the surface layer with a thickness of 5-8mm. When operating, first wet the wall surface, and then scrape it thinly with mortar. Make it stick to the middle layer of ash, and then apply the second layer to reach the required thickness. Use a pressure gauge to level it out and straighten it. After it is closed, use a gray spoon to compact and calender;
    步骤8：抹灰养护：待抹灰后，及时对抹灰后的墙面进行洒水养护，以确保砂浆最终的抹灰质量，避免开裂。Step 8: Plastering maintenance: After plastering, water the plastered wall in time for maintenance to ensure the final plastering quality of the mortar and avoid cracking.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种抹面砂浆的施工工艺，其特征在于：所述步骤1中的水泥砂浆的料水比为1：2.5，且水泥砂浆在使用前需要掺杂粘接剂。The construction process of plastering mortar according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cement mortar in the step 1 has a material-to-water ratio of 1:2.5, and the cement mortar needs to be mixed with an adhesive before use.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种抹面砂浆的施工工艺，其特征在于：所述步骤5中在抹底灰时所用的的水泥混合砂浆的料水为1:1.6，抹灰厚度为4-6mm。The construction process of a plastering mortar according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 5, the cement-mixed mortar used when plastering the bottom ash is 1:1.6, and the plastering thickness is 4-6mm .
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种抹面砂浆的施工工艺，其特征在于：所述步骤5中中层灰所用砂浆与底层灰所用砂浆相同，抹灰厚度为5-7mm。The construction process of plastering mortar according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 5, the mortar used for the middle layer ash is the same as the mortar used for the bottom layer ash, and the plastering thickness is 5-7mm.
PCT/CN2022/108395 2021-12-09 2022-07-27 Construction process of plastering mortar WO2023103406A1 (en)

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