WO2023103110A1 - 一种连续纤维增强复合管一步法成型的加工方法 - Google Patents

一种连续纤维增强复合管一步法成型的加工方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023103110A1
WO2023103110A1 PCT/CN2021/141396 CN2021141396W WO2023103110A1 WO 2023103110 A1 WO2023103110 A1 WO 2023103110A1 CN 2021141396 W CN2021141396 W CN 2021141396W WO 2023103110 A1 WO2023103110 A1 WO 2023103110A1
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Prior art keywords
continuous fiber
layer
mold
fiber reinforced
pipe
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PCT/CN2021/141396
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄剑
汪鹏跃
孙华丽
陈卫
丁杰
钱杨
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公元股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2023103110A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023103110A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D23/00—Producing tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B29C48/0022—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/355—Conveyors for extruded articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B29C70/38—Automated lay-up, e.g. using robots, laying filaments according to predetermined patterns
    • B29C70/382—Automated fiber placement [AFP]
    • B29C70/384—Fiber placement heads, e.g. component parts, details or accessories
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
    • B29C70/52—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
    • B29C70/523—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die and impregnating the reinforcement in the die
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/54—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
    • B29C70/545—Perforating, cutting or machining during or after moulding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L57/00—Protection of pipes or objects of similar shape against external or internal damage or wear
    • F16L57/02—Protection of pipes or objects of similar shape against external or internal damage or wear against cracking or buckling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
    • F16L9/14—Compound tubes, i.e. made of materials not wholly covered by any one of the preceding groups

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of composite pipe processing, and relates to a processing method for one-step forming of a continuous fiber reinforced composite pipe.
  • Existing fiber-reinforced composite pipes are mainly continuous fiber-reinforced composite pipes, and plastic pipes generally include three layers of inner layer, reinforced layer and outer layer from the inside to the outside.
  • the pipe blank is first extruded through the extruder, and then the reinforcing layer (reinforcing fiber) is wound on the surface of the inner tube blank by a winding machine to form a corresponding reinforcing layer, and then the outer layer is compounded with a plastic layer to form a reinforcing fiber.
  • Composite piping Such as the Chinese patent document (publication number: CN109664479A) discloses a plastic pipe forming assembly line. The composite pipe produced by this manufacturing process needs to be wound in multiple layers to ensure that the prepared pipe reaches the required strength.
  • the thickness of the continuous fiber is very large. Small, the bonding layer formed by direct winding on the surface of the inner tube is very small. At the same time, the winding of each layer of fibers in turn often results in limited or no bonding in the contact area between the fibers, resulting in poor bonding between layers. It is strong, and the delamination between the layers is obvious, resulting in insufficient shear strength between the layers, which is easy to cause damage to the pipeline during use.
  • Another example is the continuous fiber-reinforced thermoplastic pipe and its production method disclosed in the Chinese patent document (Notice No.: CN105003753B).
  • the inner layer is formed by wrapping a thermoplastic film or sheet evenly on a metal mandrel in a winding or longitudinal manner.
  • thermoplastic material on the inner layer or longitudinally on the surface of the inner layer, enter the mold cavity under the action of the tractor to heat, reach the predetermined temperature, melt the thermoplastic material, and use it on the side
  • the extruder pressurizes and extrudes the supplementary material to integrate the three-layer structure into one, and forms a thermoplastic protective layer on the surface, and then sizing, cooling and shaping, cutting and other processes to obtain the final pipe, which still requires the inner layer first ,
  • the inner layer and the thermoplastic material in the mold are not formed synchronously, and there will also be problems of weak interlayer bonding and insufficient shear strength between layers.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems in the existing technology, and propose a processing method for one-step forming of continuous fiber-reinforced composite pipes. Interlayer adhesion and shear strength.
  • a processing method for one-step molding of a continuous fiber reinforced composite pipe characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
  • an axial fiber layer is formed by wrapping a number of continuous fibers distributed along the axial direction of the outer tube, and a wound fiber layer wound along the circumferential direction of the outer tube is wound outside the axial fiber layer , the axial fiber layer and the winding fiber layer together form a continuous reinforcing fiber layer;
  • the continuous fiber reinforced layer moves forward along the axial direction of the outer tube, and the continuous reinforced fiber layer enters the molding from the gap between the inner peripheral wall of the outer mold sleeve of the forming mold and the outer peripheral wall of the outer tube The mold and continuously passes through the mold cavity in the forming mold;
  • the molten thermoplastic material melt injected into the mold cavity is compounded with the continuously passing continuous fiber reinforced layer to form a tube blank, and after cooling, the corresponding continuous fiber reinforced composite tube is obtained.
  • the present invention does not need to place the inner tube blank on the outer tube in advance, and directly distributes the continuous fiber on the circumferential surface of the outer tube by braiding, winding, etc. to form a corresponding fiber reinforcement layer.
  • the fiber-reinforced layer can be formed by winding machines and other equipment; after the fiber-reinforced layer is directly formed on the peripheral surface of the outer tube, the fiber-reinforced layer is directly drawn into the mold cavity of the forming mold under the traction force of the tractor.
  • the molten thermoplastic material injected into the mold cavity is combined with the passing fiber reinforced layer to form a pipe at one time, and when the molten thermoplastic molding material melt is injected into the cavity of the forming mold, It will also form a certain pressure, which can be well combined with the permeable reinforcing fiber layer to form a thermoplastic layer, and because it is directly compounded in one step, the thermoplastic molten material is formed simultaneously, and the compatibility between materials is very good.
  • the continuous fiber reinforced layer in step B enters the mold cavity of the forming mold and undergoes pre-wet treatment first. Because the fiber itself has microcracks, by directly pre-wetting in the mold cavity of the forming mold, due to the certain internal pressure in the mold, the molten thermoplastic melt can be better penetrated into the internal microcracks of the fiber , to make the inside of the fiber penetrate evenly, further improve the effect of fiber reinforcement, and due to the penetration and filling of the microcracks of the fiber itself through pre-soaking, it can effectively avoid internal microcracks and voids, and can also better enhance fiber reinforcement.
  • the compatibility between the layer and the thermoplastic material is equivalent to infiltrating the thermoplastic material in the fiber, which improves the bonding force better, and is also conducive to improving the interlayer shear strength performance of the pipeline, making the shear strength performance
  • the pre-wetting is carried out directly in the mold cavity, there is no need to pre-wet the fibers, which greatly facilitates the production operation, simplifies the operation, is more conducive to one-step molding, and is conducive to the continuous production of the production line.
  • the pre-soaking treatment is specifically:
  • the continuous fiber-reinforced layer enters the mold cavity of the forming mold and first passes through the gap between the supporting cylinder in the mold cavity and the inner peripheral wall of the outer mold sleeve of the forming mold, and the supporting cylinder is covered with thermoplastic material melt for melting
  • the flow-through orifice through which the molten thermoplastic material melt flows pre-wets the continuous fiber-reinforced layer.
  • This processing method enables the support cylinder to support the passing continuous fiber reinforced layer on the one hand, so that it can move straight along the outer peripheral wall of the support cylinder and improve the forming quality of the pipeline; more importantly, the support cylinder is spread all over There is a feed hole, which can make the injected partially molten thermoplastic material flow through the feed hole, which can strengthen the fluidity and plasticizing effect of the molten thermoplastic, and can penetrate into the interior of the reinforcing fiber more effectively, and the pre-wetting is more sufficient. , to avoid the influence of the existence of microcracks inside the fiber on the strength and quality of the pipeline, and improve the overall shear strength performance.
  • the compounding in step C is specifically: making the molten thermoplastic material melt form corresponding thermoplastic material on the inner and outer surfaces of the continuous fiber-reinforced layer layer. After the continuous fiber reinforced layer is pre-soaked, it is then molded in the molding cavity, so that the molten thermoplastic material melt can penetrate the continuous fiber reinforced layer, and the inner and outer surfaces of the molten thermoplastic material can be coated. body, so that the formed pipe can be formed at one time, avoiding the existing step-by-step processing, especially the defect of poor interlayer bonding force in the pre-forming of the inner pipe blank, and realizing that the formed pipe has better shear strength performance .
  • the pressure in the cavity of the forming mold ⁇ 2.0 MPa, so that there is a certain internal pressure, which is more conducive to infiltration forming.
  • the pressure in the mold cavity of the forming mold is controlled at 2.0MPa-5.0MPa. The pressure control can better ensure that the molten thermoplastic material in the mold cavity penetrates into the continuous fiber reinforcement layer.
  • thermoplastic material layer of corresponding thickness on both the inner and outer sides of the fiber reinforced layer; at the same time, it can also more effectively ensure the advantages of preventing the overflow of molten material caused by excessive pressure in the mold cavity during processing .
  • step B under the action of traction described in step B, specifically:
  • the axial fiber layer is pulled by the tractor in the traction process to drive the entire continuous fiber reinforced layer to move forward.
  • the composite pipe is formed, it enters the traction process, and then the composite pipe is moved forward by the tractor in the traction process to drive the continuous fiber. Enhancement layers are moved forward.
  • the axial fiber layer Since the axial fiber layer is first pulled to move, it means that the direction of the traction force is consistent with the direction of the axial fiber, that is, both are along the axial direction of the outer tube, which can drive the entire continuous fiber reinforced layer to move forward at the same time , it is more effective to ensure that it will not loosen, and it is more conducive to maintaining its strength performance; and the subsequent direct traction and compounding will drive the continuous fiber reinforced layer to move forward continuously, which is also to better achieve uniform traction and stability. better.
  • the temperature in the forming mold is controlled at 180°C to 200°C. It can better maintain the fluidity of the injected thermoplastic material and make it into a fluid state, which can better improve its penetration ability on the fiber material, and is also more conducive to improving the overall shear strength performance.
  • the thermoplastic material is PVC material, PP material or PE material.
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the injected melt and the fiber-reinforced layer are composited and synchronously formed at one time to obtain the corresponding pipe.
  • the compatibility between them is good and the penetration uniformity is good, which effectively avoids the problem of weak bonding between layers.
  • the formed pipe has high shear strength performance, and there is no need to pre-process the inner pipe blank, which simplifies the operation.
  • the pre-wet process can be more fully penetrated into the interior of the fiber, and the internal micro-cracks can be fully filled. It also ensures the uniformity and compatibility of penetration, improves the overall shear strength performance, and makes the shear strength performance reach more than 10MPa.
  • Fig. 1 is the whole flow structure schematic diagram of the forming equipment of the production line in the method of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the part of the molding equipment before the vacuum setting process in the method of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of the part of the forming equipment before the vacuum setting process in the method of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a partially enlarged structure in FIG. 3 .
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the three-dimensional structure of the support cylinder in the mold cavity of the forming mold.
  • extruder 11, discharge pipe; 2, forming mold; 2a, outer mold sleeve; 2b, mandrel; 2b1, splitter; 2c, mold cavity; 2d, annular cavity; 2e, support barrel; 2e1, feed hole; 3, outer tube; 4, core tube; 41, connecting sleeve; 5, winding machine; 6, vacuum calibrating box;
  • the production line of the continuous fiber reinforced composite pipe one-step forming method may include an extruder 1, a forming die 2, a winding machine 5, a vacuum calibrating box 6, a tractor 7 and a pipe cutting machine 8, etc.
  • the formed continuous processing composite pipe production line More specifically, referring to Fig. 3 and Fig.
  • a mold cavity 2c is formed between the outer mold casing 2a and the core mold 2b of the above-mentioned forming mold 2, and the molding equipment also includes an outer tube 3 and a core tube 4, the outer tube 3 One end of the outer mold casing 2a extends into the outer mold casing 2a from the front port 2a1, and an annular cavity 2d for reinforcing fibers to pass is formed between the outer peripheral wall of the outer tube 3 and the inner peripheral wall of the outer mold casing 2a, and the mold cavity 2c There is a cylindrical support tube 2e set on the outside of the mandrel 2b.
  • the support tube 2e is provided with feeding holes 2e1 all over, and the outer peripheral wall of the support tube 2e and the outer mold casing 2a There is a gap between the inner peripheral walls, and there is a gap between the outer peripheral wall of the mandrel 2b and the inner peripheral wall of the support tube 2e.
  • a splitter 2b1 is connected to the front end of the mandrel 2b, and the support cylinder 2e is fixedly connected to the splitter.
  • the structure of the front splitter 2b1 of the mandrel 2b can be conventional technology, that is, the splitter 2b1 is located on the side close to the core tube 4 .
  • the outer tube 3 is also provided with a feeding channel for injecting molten thermoplastic melt into the mold cavity 2c.
  • the outer tube 3 is pierced with a core tube 4 communicating with the discharge pipe 11 of the extruder 1, the core tube 4 penetrates from the other end of the outer tube (the end away from the molding die 2), and the core tube
  • the inner hole of 4 is the above-mentioned feed channel
  • the outlet of the core pipe 3 is directly opposite to the flow divider 2b1
  • the molten thermoplastic melt extruded by the extruder 1 is transported through the core pipe 4 and enters the mold cavity through the flow divider 2b1 .
  • Such a delivery method will not affect the direct winding of the reinforcing fibers on the outer peripheral wall of the outer tube 3 , and is conducive to realizing the advantage of directly winding the fibers on the surface of the outer tube 3 .
  • the outlet of the core tube 4 is directly opposite to the flow divider 2b1, so that the flow divider can spread the molten thermoplastic melt flowing out of the core tube 4 radially to the surroundings, which is convenient for heating and plasticizing the molten material, and can better ensure the melting Compounding of thermoplastic melts and fibers.
  • a connecting sleeve 41 can also be fixed at the outlet end of the core tube 4, the outer peripheral wall of the connecting sleeve 41 is against the inner peripheral wall of the outer tube 3, the flow divider 2b1 is fixedly connected to the connecting sleeve 41 by a fastener, and the supporting tube 2e can be fixedly connected to the shunt 2b1.
  • the composite pipe manufactured is pulled forward by the traction force of the tractor 7, so that the pipe continuously moves forward from the die of the forming die 2, and the After the mouth die comes out, it plays a sizing effect, and then enters the vacuum calibrating box 6 for cooling.
  • the vacuum calibrating box 6 here is an existing equipment, and the cooling specific treatment in the vacuum calibrating box 6 also adopts the prior art. Further here The cooling treatment is specifically to cool the tube blank through the cooling water in the vacuum calibrating box 6 to achieve the effect of cooling and solidification, and then enter the subsequent cutting process for cutting to realize the continuous production of composite tubes.
  • Equipment such as above-mentioned pulling machine 7, winding machine 5, pipe cutting machine 8 are prior art.
  • the processing method specific to the one-step forming of the continuous fiber reinforced composite pipe of the present invention can be realized by the following methods:
  • the peripheral surface of the outer tube 3 of the molding equipment is wrapped with an axial fiber layer formed by a number of continuous fibers distributed along the axial direction of the outer tube 3.
  • the fibers on the fiber unwinding device can be continuous. Pulling a number of continuous fibers distributed axially along the outer tube 3, so that the formed axial fiber lines are directly wrapped around the outer tube 3 to form an axial fiber layer, and or synchronously wound outside the axial fiber layer along the outer tube for 3 weeks
  • the fiber wires wound in the direction are formed on the outer surface of the axial fiber layer to form a wound fiber layer, and the above-mentioned axial fiber layer and the wound fiber layer together form a continuous fiber reinforcement layer; the above-mentioned wound fiber layer can be processed according to the winding Different winding methods can be used, for example, it can be formed by weaving, or it can be wound continuously in the circumferential direction.
  • the winding machine 5 in the prior art can be used to process the continuous fiber reinforced layer. After the corresponding continuous fiber reinforced layer
  • the above-mentioned continuous fiber-reinforced layer is pulled to move forward along the circumferential surface of the outer tube 3, and the continuous fiber-reinforced layer is drawn from the inner peripheral wall of the outer mold casing 2a of the forming mold 2 and the annular cavity between the outer peripheral wall of the outer tube 3 enters the molding die 2 and passes through the mold cavity 2c in the molding mold 2 continuously; the melted thermoplastic material melt injected into the mold cavity 2c is reinforced with the continuous passing fiber Layers are composited to form a tube blank, and the tube blank coming out of the die of the forming mold 2 moves forward into the vacuum calibrating box 6 for cooling to obtain a corresponding continuous fiber-reinforced composite tube.
  • the amount of fiber winding and the control of the fiber amount of the axial fiber layer can be adjusted according to requirements, such as adjustments can be made according to different requirements for ring stiffness.
  • thermoplastic material can be extruded through the core tube 4 through the existing extruder 1, so that the thermoplastic material enters the heated molten state in the core tube 4 and injects it into the mold cavity 2c of the molding die; the above
  • the continuous fiber reinforced layer enters the mold cavity 2c of the forming mold 2 and undergoes pre-wet treatment first.
  • the pre-soaking treatment here is specifically:
  • the continuous fiber reinforced layer After the continuous fiber reinforced layer enters the mold cavity 2c of the molding die 2, it first passes through the gap between the support cylinder 2e in the mold cavity 2c and the inner peripheral wall of the outer mold sleeve 2a of the molding die 2, and injects molten thermoplastic through the core tube 4.
  • the plastic material melt enters the mold cavity 2c through the flow divider, and a part of the melted thermoplastic material melt can flow through the feed hole 2e1, and the molten thermoplastic material melt flowing through the feed hole 2e1 is opposite to the passing continuous fiber
  • the reinforcing layer is pre-wetted, and after pre-wetting, it enters the rear end of the mold cavity 2c and enters the final molding to obtain the composite tube blank.
  • the tube blank comes out of the die of the forming mold 2, it moves forward and enters the vacuum calibrating box 6 for final molding.
  • the cooling water (cooling liquid) in the vacuum calibrating box 6 is used to cool the tube blank to cool and solidify to achieve a certain shaping effect, and then it is pulled by the tractor 7 to move forward and enter the cutting process through the tube cutting machine. 8. Cut according to the actual length to obtain the finished composite pipe.
  • the above-mentioned production and processing should preferably control the injection pressure above 2.0MPa, which is equivalent to controlling the pressure in the mold cavity 2c of the forming mold 2 to be greater than or equal to 2.0MPa. More preferably, the pressure in the mold cavity 2c of the forming mold 2 is controlled at 2.0MPa ⁇ 5.0MPa, which can be controlled by regulating the pressure of the molten thermoplastic material melt injected from the core tube 4, so that the pressure in the mold cavity 2c With a certain pressure, it is more conducive to penetrate into the interior of the fiber and overcome the effect of internal microcracks, and keeping it under the above pressure can better make the formed pipeline one-step method directly form the corresponding thermoplastic on the inner and outer surfaces of the fiber reinforced layer. material layer.
  • the overall consistency is good, which is more conducive to improving the shear strength performance of the pipeline, and can also well prevent the material in the mold cavity 2c from overflowing.
  • the axial fiber layer is pulled by the tractor 7 in the traction process to drive the entire continuous fiber reinforced layer to move forward.
  • the tractor 7 in the traction process moves forward.
  • the traction composite pipe moves forward to drive the continuous fiber reinforced layer to move forward, which can more effectively maintain the traction force, and at the same time ensure the integrity of the continuous fiber reinforced layer during the early traction, avoid loosening and reduce material waste. That is to say, it is understood that at the beginning of processing and production, the axial fiber layer is pulled by the tractor 7 in the early stage to make the whole move forward, and after the pipe is formed, the composite pipe is pulled forward to move. It is equivalent to moving the traction forward through continuous traction of the composite pipe during the continuous production and processing of the production line.
  • the temperature inside the forming mold 2 is controlled at 180° C. to 200° C. to maintain the fluidity of the material, so that it can be better combined with the continuous fiber reinforced layer, and can better ensure sufficient penetration inside the fiber.
  • thermoplastic material can be PVC material, PP material or PE material, preferably PE material is used for processing.
  • PE material is used for processing.
  • the above-mentioned continuous fibers are preferably made of glass fiber material as the fiber material of the axial fibers and the winding fibers.
  • the shear strength between layers is ⁇ 10MPa. It shows that the obtained composite pipe has good interlayer composite compatibility and good bonding force.
  • the production line mentioned in Embodiment 1 can be used to enter the pipeline production. Under the traction force of the tractor 7, the continuous glass fiber on one of the winding machines 5 is drawn to the outer peripheral surface of the outer pipe 3, and the winding is carried out by pulling A number of continuous fibers distributed along the axial direction of the outer tube 3 on the machine 5, so that the formed axial fiber lines are directly wrapped on the circumferential surface of the outer tube 3 to form an axial fiber layer into a tubular shape, and then pulled by another winding machine 5.
  • the upper fibers are synchronously formed on the outer surface of the axial fiber layer along the fiber lines wound in the circumferential direction of the outer tube 3 outside the axial fiber layer to form a wound fiber layer, which may be a wound fiber layer formed in a 45° cross weaving manner,
  • the above-mentioned axial fiber layer and winding fiber layer together form a continuous fiber reinforced layer, which continuously enters the next process under the action of traction;
  • the above-mentioned continuous fiber reinforced layer is pulled to move forward along the circumferential surface of the outer tube 3, and the continuous fiber reinforced layer is drawn from the mold 2
  • the annular cavity between the inner peripheral wall of the outer mold casing 2a and the outer peripheral wall of the outer tube 3 enters the forming mold 2 and passes continuously through the cavity 2c in the forming mold 2, where the ring-forming cavity allows the continuous fiber reinforced layer to enter
  • it can avoid the melt overflow in the mold cavity; extrude the PE thermoplastic material through the extruder 1 and inject the melted thermoplastic material melt into the mold cavity 2c through the core tube 4 to compound with the continuously passing continuous fiber reinforced layer
  • the above-mentioned continuous fiber reinforced layer enters the mold cavity 2c of the forming mold 2 and undergoes pre-wet treatment first.
  • the pre-soaking treatment is specifically:
  • the continuous fiber reinforced layer After the continuous fiber reinforced layer enters the mold cavity 2c of the molding die 2, it first passes through the gap between the support cylinder 2e in the mold cavity 2c and the inner peripheral wall of the outer mold sleeve 2a of the molding die 2, and injects molten thermoplastic through the core tube 4.
  • the plastic material melt enters the mold cavity 2c through the flow divider, and a part of the molten thermoplastic material melt can flow through the feed hole 2e1 of the support cylinder 2e, and the molten thermoplastic material melt that flows through the feed hole 2e1 passes through
  • the continuous fiber-reinforced layer is pre-soaked, and after pre-wet, it enters the rear end of the cavity 2c for final molding, so that the molten thermoplastic material melt and the continuous fiber-reinforced layer are completely compounded to obtain a composite tube blank. After coming out of the die of the forming mold 2, move forward and enter the vacuum calibrating box 6 for cooling.
  • the composite pipe can be cooled and solidified by the cooling water (cooling liquid) in the vacuum calibrating box 6 to achieve a certain shape.
  • the traction of the tractor 7 in the traction process moves forward and enters the cutting process and cuts according to the actual length by the pipe cutter 8 to obtain a finished composite pipe.
  • the inner and outer surfaces of the composite pipe are compounded with the above-mentioned PE thermoplastic material layer.
  • the pressure in the mold cavity 2c of the forming mold 2 is controlled at 3.5MPa, which is equivalent to controlling the injection pressure at 3.5MPa.
  • 3.5MPa the pressure in the mold cavity 2c of the forming mold 2
  • the pressure in the mold cavity 2c of the forming mold 2 is controlled at 3.5MPa, which is equivalent to controlling the injection pressure at 3.5MPa.
  • the pressure of the molten thermoplastic material melt injected from the core tube 4 Control so that there is a certain pressure in the mold cavity 2c, which is more conducive to penetrating into the interior of the fiber and overcoming the effect of internal microcracks, and keeping the above pressure can better make the formed pipeline one-step method directly in the fiber reinforced layer.
  • Corresponding layers of thermoplastic material are formed on both the inner and outer surfaces. It is more conducive to improving the shear strength performance of the pipeline, and can also well prevent the material in the mold cavity 2c from overflowing. It is also preferable to simultaneously make the continuous fiber reinforced layer move forward at a speed of
  • the obtained pipe was put into a performance test, and the result showed that the interlayer shear strength of the continuous fiber-reinforced composite pipe obtained by the method of the present invention was 15 MPa. It shows that the obtained composite pipe has good interlayer composite compatibility and good bonding force.

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Abstract

一种连续纤维增强复合管一步法成型的加工方法，属于复合管道加工技术领域，该方法解决了现有的管道多层复合层间易脱落的问题。该方法包括在外管（3）周向表面上包裹若干沿外管（3）轴向分布的连续纤维形成的轴向纤维层，以及在轴向纤维层外缠绕有沿外管（3）周向方向缠绕的缠绕纤维层，形成连续增强纤维层；使连续纤维增强层沿着外管（3）的轴向向前移动，从成型模具（2）的外模套（2a）内周壁与外管（3）的外周壁之间的间隙进入且连续的经过模腔（2c）；注入模腔（2c）内的熔融的热塑性塑料材料熔体与连续经过的连续纤维增强层进行复合形成管坯，冷却后，得到相应的复合管。能够实现一步法加工完成，且管道具有抗剪切强度高的优点。

Description

一种连续纤维增强复合管一步法成型的加工方法 技术领域
本发明属于复合管道加工技术领域，涉及一种连续纤维增强复合管一步法成型的加工方法。
背景技术
随着城市的不断扩大建设、以及石油和天然气的不断开采，对运输管道的需求也越来越大。传统的钢制管道耐腐蚀性较差且不易搬运，已无法适应当前的需要。同时，我国主要石油及天然气多分布于沙漠、沼泽或山区，自然环境较为恶劣，铺设钢制管道时受自然环境的影响十分严重，又由于地面沉降、山体滑坡等原因使输送管道极其容易出现损坏现象。纤维增强复合管道由于其密度小，强度高，具有优异的机械性能，如良好的加工性能及其很好的耐化学稳定性能和耐热性能等，在一些复杂的环境中仍然可以长期稳定使用，因此受到广泛的应用。
现有的纤维增强复合管主要是连续纤维增强复合管，且塑料管道由内而外一般依次包括内层、增强层和外层三层结构，而目前连续纤维增强复合管在制造时，常规技术是通过挤出机先挤出管坯，然后,再通过缠绕机将增强层(增强纤维)通过缠绕方式在内层管坯表面缠绕形成相应的增强层，再在外层复合塑料层，形成增强纤维复合管道。如中国专利文献(公开号：CN109664479A)公开的一种塑料管道成型流水线该制造工艺所生产的复合管道要保证制备的管道到达要求的强度，通常需要进行多层缠绕，而由于连续纤维的厚度很小，其直接缠绕在内管表面形成的粘结层很小，同时各层纤维依次缠绕往往也会造成纤维之间接触的区域粘接力有限或者根本没有粘结，导致层间的粘结不结实，各层之间 的分层明显，导致层间的剪切强度不足，易在使用过程中造成管道损坏。又如中国专利文献(公告号：CN105003753B)公开的有关连续纤维增强的热塑性管道及生产方法，通过将热塑造性膜或片材以缠绕或纵向方式均匀包覆在金属芯模上形成内层，再在内层上将预浸有热塑性材料的纤维编织或缠绕或纵向方式在内层表面上，在牵引机的作用下进入模腔内加热，达到预定温度，使热塑性材料融熔，在侧面用挤出机加压挤出补料，使三层结构融为一体，并在表面形成热塑性保护层，再定径、冷却定型等，切割等工序得到最终的管道，其仍然是需要先设内层，内层与模具内的热塑性材料之间并非同步形成，同样会存在层间结合力不牢的问题，层间的剪切强度不足。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有的技术存在上述问题，提出了一种连续纤维增强复合管一步法成型的加工方法，本发明解决的技术问题是：如何实现一次复合成型，提高纤维增强复合管道的层间结合力和抗剪切强度。
本发明的目的可通过下列技术方案来实现：一种连续纤维增强复合管的一步法成型的加工方法，其特征在于，该方法包括以下步骤：
A、在成型设备的外管周向表面上包裹若干沿外管轴向分布的连续纤维形成的轴向纤维层，以及在轴向纤维层外缠绕有沿外管周向方向缠绕的缠绕纤维层，轴向纤维层和缠绕纤维层共同形成连续增强纤维层；
B、在牵引力的作用下，使连续纤维增强层沿着外管的轴向方向向前移动，连续增强纤维层从成型模具的外模套内周壁与外管的外周壁之间的间隙进入成型模具且连续的经过成型模具内的模腔；
C、注入模腔内的熔融的热塑性塑料材料熔体与连续经过的连续纤维增强层进行复合形成管坯，再经过冷却后，得到相应的连续纤维增强复合管。
本发明无需预先将管道的内层管坯放在外管上，直接通过将连续纤维通过编织、缠绕等方式分布在外管的周向表面上形成相应的纤维增强层，对于连续纤维在外管表面直接形成纤维增强层可通过缠绕机等设备进行操作形成即可；通过在外管周向表面直接形成纤维增强层后，再直接在牵引机的牵引力作用下将纤维增强层牵引入成型模具的模腔内，再在成型模具内使注入模腔内的融熔的热塑性塑料材料与经过的纤维增强层进行一次性复合形成管道，且在向成型模具的模腔内注入融熔的热塑性塑造材料熔体时，也会形成一定的压力，能够很好的与渗透增强纤维层而有效的复合形成热塑性塑料层，且由于是一步法直接复合形成，热塑性融熔材料是同步形成，材料之间的相容性很好且渗透的均匀性好，避免出现层间粘结不牢的问题，使形成的管道具有高抗剪切强度的性能效果，且无需预先将内层的管坯包覆在外管表面上，大大的简化了操作，更利于工业化生产，后续采用一般的冷却处理后进行冷却定型得到相应的连续纤维增强复合管，实现连续化生产的优点。
在上述连续纤维增强复合管一步法成型的加工方法中，作为优选，步骤B中所述连续纤维增强层进入成型模具的模腔内先经过预浸润处理。由于纤维本身有微裂纹，通过直接在成型模具的模腔内进行预浸润，由于模具内具有一定的内压力，能够更好的使融熔的热塑性塑料熔体有效的渗透到纤维的内部微裂纹，使纤维的内部均匀的渗透，更进一步的提高纤维增强的效果，且由于通过预浸润对纤维本身的微裂纹的渗透填充，能够有效的避免内部微裂纹空隙，也能够更好的提升纤维增强层与热塑性塑料材料之间的相容性，相当于使纤维中渗透了热塑性塑料材料，更好的 提升结合力，也有利于提高管道的层间抗剪切强度性能，使抗剪切强度性能达到10MPa以上；同时，由于直接在模腔内进行预浸润，无需预先对纤维进行浸润，大大的方便了生产操作，简化操作，更利于一步法成型，利于生产线的连续化生产。作为更进一步的优选，所述预浸润处理具体为：
所述连续纤维增强层进入成型模具的模腔内先经过模腔内的支撑筒与成型模具的外模套内周壁之间的间隙，支撑筒上周向遍布有供熔融的热塑性塑料材料熔体流过的过料孔，从过料孔流过的熔融的热塑性塑料材料熔体对连续纤维增强层进行预浸润。
这样的加工方式使支撑筒一方面对经过的连续纤维增强层形成支撑，使其能沿着支撑筒的外周壁顺直的进行移动，提升管道的成型质量；更重要的是，支撑筒上遍布设有过料孔，能够使注入的部分熔融的热塑性塑性材料流经过料孔，能加强熔融的热塑性塑料的流动性及塑化效果，能够更有效的渗透到增强纤维的内部，预浸润更充分，避免纤维内部微裂纹的存在对管道强度质量的影响，提高整体的抗剪切强度性能。
在上述连续纤维增强复合管一步法成型的加工方法中，作为优选，步骤C中所述复合具体为：使熔融的热塑性塑料材料熔体在连续纤维增强层的内外表面均形成相应的热塑性塑料材料层。在连续纤维增强层经过预浸润后，再在成型模腔内成型，使熔融的热塑性塑料材料熔体能够渗透连续纤维增强层，能够使在其内外表面均包覆了该熔融的热塑性塑料材料熔体，从而使形成的管道能够一次成型，避免现有的分步处理尤其是内管管坯预先成型所存的层间结合力不好的缺陷，实现成型的管道具有较好的抗剪切强度性能。
在上述连续纤维增强复合管一步法成型的加工方法中，最好使成型模具的模腔内的压力≥2.0MPa，使有一定的内压力，更利于渗透成型。作为优选，所述成型模具的模腔内的压力控制在 2.0MPa～5.0MPa。通过压力的控制能够更好的保证模腔内的熔融的热塑性塑料材料熔体渗透连续纤维增强层，一方面能够更有效的实现预浸润时的充分浸润，提高强度的性能；另一方面，也能够使更有效的在纤维增强层的内外两侧均形成相应厚度的热塑性塑料材料层；同时，还能够更有效的保证在加工过程中防止模腔内压力过大而导致熔融的材料外溢的优点。作为更进一步的优选，最好使所述成型模具模腔内的压力控制在2.5MPa～4.0MPa。
在上述连续纤维增强复合管一步法成型的加工方法中，作为优选，步骤B中所述在牵引力的作用下具体是：
先通过牵引工序中的牵引机牵引轴向纤维层带动整个连续纤维增强层向前移动，在复合管成型后进入到牵引工序，再通过牵引工序中的牵引机牵引复合管向前移动带动连续纤维增强层向前移动。由于刚开始牵引轴向纤维层进行移动，相当于牵引力的方向与轴向纤维的方向一致，即均是沿着外管的轴向方向，这样能够在带动整个连续纤维增强层向前移动的同时，更有效的保证其不会出现松散现象，更利于保持其强度的性能；而后续直接通过牵引复合使带动连续纤维增强层连续向前移动，也是为了更好的实现均匀牵引，且稳定性也更好。
在上述连续纤维增强复合管一步法成型的加工方法中，作为优选，所述成型模具内的温度控制在180℃～200℃。能够更好的保持注入的热塑性塑料材料的流动性，使其形成流体状，能够更好的提升其在纤维材料上的渗透能力，也更利于实现提升整体的抗剪切强度性能。
在上述连续纤维增强复合管一步法成型的加工方法中，作为优选，所述热塑性塑料材料为PVC材料、PP材料或PE材料。
本发明与现有技术相比，具有以下优点：
1、通过直接将连续纤维增强层包覆在成型设备的外管表面上，再连续使其经过模腔内，使注入的熔融与纤维增强层一次性 复合同步成型即得到相应的管道，材料之间的相容性好且渗透均匀性好，有效的避免出现层间粘结不牢的问题，形成的管道具有高抗剪切强度的性能，且无需预先加工内管坯料，简化了操作。
2、通过在模腔内进行预浸润处理，且在支撑筒的支撑作用下及过料孔的存在，能够使预浸润过程更充分的渗透到纤维的内部，对内部的微裂纹进行充分填充，也保证了渗透的均匀性和相容性，提高整体的抗剪切强度性能，使抗剪切强度性能达到10MPa以上。
附图说明
图1是本发明方法中的生产线的成型设备的整体流程结构示意图。
图2是本发明的方法中的成型设备在真空定型工序之前部分的立体结构示意图。
图3是本发明的方法中的成型设备在真空定型工序之前部分的剖示结构示意图。
图4是图3中的局部放大结构示意图。
图5是成型模具的模腔内的支撑筒的立体结构示意图。
图中，1、挤出机；11、出料管；2、成型模具；2a、外模套；2b、芯模；2b1、分流器；2c、模腔；2d、环形腔道；2e、支撑筒；2e1、过料孔；3、外管；4、芯管；41、连接套；5、缠绕机；6、真空定型箱；7、牵引机；8、切管机。
具体实施方式
以下是本发明的具体实施例并结合附图，对本发明的技术方案作进一步的描述，但本发明并不限于这一实施例。
实施例一
结合图1-2所示，本连续纤维增强复合管一步法成型方法的生产线可以是包括挤出机1、成型模具2、缠绕机5、真空定型箱 6、牵引机7和切管机8等形成的连续化加工复合管的生产线。进一步具体的讲，结合图3和图4，上述的成型模具2的外模套2a与芯模2b之间形成有模腔2c，本成型设备还包括外管3和芯管4，外管3的一端由外模套2a的前端口2a1伸入外模套2a内，外管3的外周壁与外模套2a的内周壁之间形成供增强纤维穿过的环形腔道2d，模腔2c内设有套设在芯模2b外部的圆筒状的支撑筒2e，结合图3-图5，支撑筒2e上遍布设有过料孔2e1，支撑筒2e的外周壁与外模套2a的内周壁之间具有间隙，芯模2b的外周壁与支撑筒2e的内周壁之间具有间隙，这里最好使支撑筒2e与外模套2a同轴心设置，且支撑筒2e的外周壁与外管3的外周壁齐平。芯模2b的外周壁与支撑筒2e的内周壁之间具有间隙，使得熔融料能顺利流过该间隙，到达支撑筒2e的后端与增强纤维交汇、复合，且部分熔融料能通过支撑筒2e上的过料孔1e1，这一过程最重要的目的是为了能更好的对增强纤维进行预浸润，使熔融的热塑性塑料能更好的渗透到纤维的内部，能够很好的填充其中的微裂纹，提高渗透的充分性，避免纤维内部的微裂纹对管道的强度造成影响。上述的芯模2b的前端连接有分流器2b1，支撑筒2e固连在分流器上。芯模2b的前端分流器2b1的结构采用常规的技术即可，即流流器2b1是位于靠近芯管4的一侧。
结合图3和图4所示，外管3中还设有用于将熔融的热塑性塑料熔体注入模腔2c内的进料通道。具体的讲，外管3内穿设有与挤出机1的出料管11相连通的芯管4，芯管4从外管的另一端(远离成型模具2的一端)穿入，芯管4的内孔为上述的进料通道，芯管3的出口与分流器2b1正对，挤出机1挤出的熔融的热塑性塑料熔体通过芯管4输送并经过分流器2b1进入模腔内。这样的输送方式不会影响在外管3的外周壁上直接进行增强纤维的缠绕，有利于实现直接在外管3表面进行缠绕纤维的优点。芯管4的出口与分流器2b1正对，能够使得分流器能将芯管4流出的 熔融的热塑性塑料熔体沿径向向四周扩散，便于熔融料加热塑化，能够更好的保证熔融的热塑性塑料熔体与纤维的复合。还可以在芯管4的出口端固定套设有连接套41，连接套41的外周壁抵靠在外管3的内周壁上，分流器2b1通过紧固件固连在连接套41上，支撑筒2e固连在分流器2b1上即可。如最好可以在连接套41上沿其周向开设有八个螺栓过孔，分流器上与开设有八个与螺栓过孔一一对应设置的螺栓孔，每个螺栓过孔内均穿设有螺栓，螺栓穿过螺栓过孔与对应的螺栓孔螺纹连接来进行固连。
在进行本复合管生产的过程中，利用牵引机7的牵引力作用向前牵拉制造成型的复合管，以使管道连续不断地从成型模具2的口模出来向前移动，在成型模具2的口模出来后起到定径效果，再进入真空定型箱6中进行冷却，这里的真空定型箱6是现有设备，且真空定型箱6中的冷却具体处理也是采用现有技术，进一步的这里的冷却处理具体是通过使管坯经过真空定型箱6中的冷却水进行冷却，起到冷却固化定型的效果，而后进入后续的切割工序进行切割，实现复合管的连续生产。上述提及到的牵引机7、缠绕机5、切管机8等设备为现有技术。
具体到本发明的连续纤维增强复合管的一步法成型的加工方法可以通过以下方法来实现：
在管道加工的生产线上成型设备的外管3周向表面上包裹若干沿外管3轴向分布的连续纤维形成的轴向纤维层，这里具体可以是通过将纤维放卷装置上的纤维连续的牵拉若干沿外管3轴向分布的连续纤维，使形成的轴向纤维线直接包裹在外管3的周向形成轴向纤维层，以及或同步在轴向纤维层外缠绕沿外管3周向方向缠绕的纤维线形成在轴向纤维层的外表面形成缠绕纤维层，上述的轴向纤维层和缠绕纤维层共同形成连续纤维增强层；上述的缠绕纤维层在加工时，可根据缠绕的方式不同采用不同的缠绕方式，如可通过编织的方式形成，也可通过周向连续缠绕的方式 等均可，采用现有技术中的缠绕机5进行连续纤维增强层的加工即可。直接在外管3外加工好相应的连续纤维增强层后，再连续进入下一道工序；
具体的讲，通过牵引机7的牵引力作用下，牵拉上述的连续纤维增强层沿着外管3的周向表面向前移动，连续纤维增强层从成型模具2的外模套2a的内周壁与外管3的外周壁之间的环形腔道进入成型模具2且连续的经过成型模具2内的模腔2c；注入模腔2c内的熔融的热塑性塑料材料熔体与连续经过的连续纤维增强层进行复合形成管坯，从成型模具2的口模出来后的管坯向前移动进入真空定型箱6进行冷却后，得到相应的连续纤维增强复合管。这里对于纤维的缠绕用量和轴向纤维层的纤维量控制，可根据需求进行调整，如可根据对环刚度的要求不同进行调整。
更进一步的讲，可通过现有的挤出机1将热塑性塑料材料挤出通过芯管4，使热塑性塑料材料在芯管4内进入加热到熔融状态并注入成型模具的模腔2c内；上述连续纤维增强层进入成型模具2的模腔2c内先经过预浸润处理。这里的预浸润处理具体是：
在连续纤维增强层进入成型模具2的模腔2c内后先经过模腔2c内的支撑筒2e与成型模具2的外模套2a的内周壁之间的间隙，通过芯管4注入熔融的热塑性塑料材料熔体经过分流器进入模腔2c，一部分的熔融的热塑性塑料材料熔体能从过料孔2e1流过，从过料孔2e1流过的熔融的热塑性塑料材料熔体对经过的连续纤维增强层进行预浸润，预浸润后，再进入模腔2c的后端进入最终成型得到复合后的管坯，管坯从成型模具2的口模出来后，再向前移动进入真空定型箱6进行冷却等工序后，通过真空定型箱6中的冷却水(冷却液)进行冷却后使管坯冷却固化起到一定的定型效果，再通过牵引机7的牵引向前移动进入切割工序通过切管机8根据实际长度需要进行切割，得到成品的复合管。
更优选的方案，上述生产加工进，最好使注胶压力控制在 2.0MPa以上，即相当于控制成型模具2的模腔2c内的压力≥2.0MPa。更好的是，将成型模具2的模腔2c内的压力控制在2.0MPa～5.0MPa，可通过调控从芯管4注入的熔融的热塑性塑料材料熔体的压力进行控制，使模腔2c内具有一定的压力，更利于渗透到纤维的内部，克服内部微裂纹的效果，且保持在上述压力下能够更好的使形成的管道一步法直接在纤维增强层的内外表面均形成相应的热塑性塑料材料层。整体的一致性好，更利于提高管道的抗剪切强度性能，且也能够很好的避免模腔2c内的材料外溢。作为更好的优选，最好使压力控制在2.5MPa～4.0MPa，更优的是控制在3.5MPa。还可以使连续纤维增强层向前移动的速度为0.25m/min～1.0m/min。或者最好可以使压力数值与速度的数值的比值为5～10。
上述在复合管加工时，在刚开始时先通过牵引工序中的牵引机7牵引轴向纤维层带动整个连续纤维增强层向前移动，在复合管成型后，再在牵引工序中的牵引机7牵引复合管向前移动带动连续纤维增强层向前移动，能够更有效的保持牵引的作用力，同时又能使在前期牵引时保证连续纤维增强层的完整，避免出现散松的现象，减少材料的浪费。即理解为刚开始加工生产时前期通过牵引机7牵引轴向纤维层使整体向前行移动，成型管后，都是牵引复合管向前移动。相当于在生产线连续生产加工过程中，通过连续牵引复合管使牵引向前移动。
将成型模具2内的温度控制在180℃～200℃，保持材料的流动性，使能够更好的与连续纤维增强层进入复合，也能够更好的保证充分的渗透的纤维的内部。这里最好可以使成型模具2的温度分三段进行控制，具有更好的保温能力，更好的使材料在模腔2c内的流动性，提高其对纤维的渗透能力。进一步的还可以在位于外管3内的芯管4外部周向分部有若干段加热区域。有利于保证塑料熔体更好的处理熔融状态。
对于上述的热塑性塑料材料可以是PVC材料、PP材料或PE材料，最好采用PE材料进入加工。上述的连续纤维最好采用玻璃纤维材料作为轴向纤维和缠绕纤维的纤维材料。
以下具体采用PE材料作为热塑性塑料材料进行加工管道，并以玻璃纤维作为纤维材料加工成相应的复合管，将得到的管道进入性能测试，结果表明上述本发明的方法得到的连续纤维增强复合管的层间的抗剪切强度≥10MPa。表明得到的复合管的层间复合相容性好，具有很好的结合力。
实施例二
可以采用实施例一中提及到的生产线进入管道生产，在牵引机7的牵引力牵拉下，将其中一个缠绕机5上的连续玻璃纤维牵拉到外管3的外周表面，通过牵拉缠绕机5上的沿外管3轴向方向分布的若干连续纤维，使形成的轴向纤维线直接包裹在外管3的周向表面形成轴向纤维层，成管状，再通过牵拉另一缠绕机5上纤维同步在轴向纤维层外沿外管3周向方向缠绕的纤维线形成在轴向纤维层的外表面形成缠绕纤维层，这里可以是以45゜交叉编织方式形成的缠绕纤维层，上述的轴向纤维层和缠绕纤维层共同形成连续纤维增强层，在牵引用的作用下连续进入下一道工序；
进入下一道工序后，在上述的牵引工序的牵引机7的牵引力作用下，牵拉上述的连续纤维增强层沿着外管3的周向表面向前移动，连续纤维增强层从成型模具2的外模套2a的内周壁与外管3的外周壁之间的环形腔道进入成型模具2且连续的经过成型模具2内的模腔2c，这里的环形成腔道能够使连续纤维增强层进入，同时又能避免模腔内的熔体外溢；通过挤出机1挤出PE热塑性材料通过芯管4注入模腔2c内的熔融的热塑性塑料材料熔体与连续经过的连续纤维增强层进行复合形成管坯，上述连续纤维增强层进入成型模具2的模腔2c内先经过预浸润处理。这里的预浸润处理具体是：
在连续纤维增强层进入成型模具2的模腔2c内后先经过模腔2c内的支撑筒2e与成型模具2的外模套2a的内周壁之间的间隙，通过芯管4注入熔融的热塑性塑料材料熔体经过分流器进入模腔2c，一部分熔融的热塑性塑料材料熔体能从支撑筒2e的过料孔2e1流过，从过料孔2e1流过的熔融的热塑性塑料材料熔体对经过的连续纤维增强层进行预浸润，预浸润后，再进入模腔2c的后端进入最终成型，使熔融的热塑性塑料材料熔体与连续纤维增强层完整复合，得到复合后的管坯，管坏从成型模具2的口模出来后，向前移动进入真空定型箱6进行冷却，具体可通过真空定型箱6中的冷却水(冷却液)进行冷却后使复合管坏冷却固化起到一定的定型效果，再通过牵引工序的牵引机7的牵引向前移动进入切割工序通过切管机8根据实际长度需要进行切割，得到成品的复合管。复合管的内外表面均复合有上述PE热塑性塑料材料层。
上述连续生产加工过程中，成型模具2的模腔2c内的压力控制在3.5MPa，即相当于注胶压力控制在3.5MPa，通过调控从芯管4注入的熔融的热塑性塑料材料熔体的压力进行控制，使模腔2c内具有一定的压力，更利于渗透到纤维的内部，克服内部微裂纹的效果，且保持在上述压力下能够更好的使形成的管道一步法直接在纤维增强层的内外表面均形成相应的热塑性塑料材料层。更利于提高管道的抗剪切强度性能，且也能够很好的避免模腔2c内的材料外溢。最好还可同步使连续纤维增强层的向前移动的速度为0.5m/min。
将得到的管道进入性能测试，结果表明上述本发明的方法得到的连续纤维增强复合管层间的抗剪切强度15MPa。表明得到的复合管的层间复合相容性好，具有很好的结合力。
本发明中所描述的具体实施例仅是对本发明精神作举例说明。本发明所属技术领域的技术人员可以对所描述的具体实施例 做各种各样的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代，但并不会偏离本发明的精神或者超越所附权利要求书所定义的范围。
尽管本文较多地使用了挤出机1；出料管11；成型模具2；外模套2a；芯模2b；模腔2c；支撑筒2e；过料孔2e1；外管3；芯管4；连接套41；缠绕机5；真空定型箱6；牵引机7；切管机8等术语，但并不排除使用其它术语的可能性。使用这些术语仅仅是为了更方便地描述和解释本发明的本质；把它们解释成任何一种附加的限制都是与本发明精神相违背的。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种连续纤维增强复合管一步法成型的加工方法，其特征在于，该方法包括以下步骤：
    A、在成型设备的外管(3)周向表面上包裹若干沿外管(3)轴向分布的连续纤维形成的轴向纤维层，以及在轴向纤维层外缠绕沿外管(3)周向方向缠绕的缠绕纤维层，轴向纤维层和缠绕纤维层共同形成连续纤维增强层；
    B、在牵引力的作用下，使连续纤维增强层沿着外管(3)的轴向方向向前移动，连续纤维增强层从成型模具(2)的外模套(2a)内周壁与外管(3)的外周壁之间的环形腔道进入成型模具(2)且连续的经过成型模具(2)内的模腔(2c)；
    C、注入模腔(2c)内的熔融的热塑性塑料材料熔体与连续经过的连续纤维增强层进行复合形成管坯，再经过冷却后，得到相应的连续纤维增强复合管。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述连续纤维增强复合管一步法成型的加工方法，其特征在于，步骤B中所述连续纤维增强层进入成型模具(2)的模腔(2c)内先经过预浸润处理。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述连续纤维增强复合管一步法成型的加工方法，其特征在于，所述预浸润处理具体为：
    所述连续纤维增强层进入成型模具(2)的模腔(2c)内先经过模腔(2c)内的支撑筒(2e)与成型模具(2)的外模套(2a)内周壁之间的间隙，支撑筒(2e)上周向遍布有供熔融的热塑性塑料材料熔体流过的过料孔(2e1)，从过料孔(2e1)流过的熔融的热塑性塑料材料熔体对连续纤维增强层进行预浸润。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述连续纤维增强复合管一步法成型的加工方法，其特征在于，步骤C中所述复合具体为：使熔融的热塑性塑料材料熔体在连续纤维增强层的内外表面均形成相应的热塑性塑料材料层。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任意一项所述连续纤维增强复合管一步 法成型的加工方法，其特征在于，所述成型模具(2)的模腔(2c)内的压力控制在2.0MPa～5.0MPa。
  6. 根据权利要求1-4任意一项所述连续纤维增强复合管一步法成型的加工方法，其特征在于，步骤B中所述在牵引力的作用下具体是：先通过牵引工序中的牵引机(7)牵引轴向纤维层带动整个连续纤维增强层向前移动，在复合管成型后进入到牵引工序，再通过牵引工序中的牵引机(7)牵引复合管向前移动带动连续纤维增强层向前移动。
  7. 根据权利要求1-4任意一项所述连续纤维增强复合管一步法成型的加工方法，其特征在于，所述成型模具(2)内的温度控制在180℃～200℃。
  8. 根据权利要求1-4任意一项所述连续纤维增强复合管一步法成型的加工方法，其特征在于，所述热塑性塑料材料为PVC材料、PP材料或PE材料。
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