WO2023098014A1 - 吊装式换电车辆的装配式电池包托架 - Google Patents

吊装式换电车辆的装配式电池包托架 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023098014A1
WO2023098014A1 PCT/CN2022/097970 CN2022097970W WO2023098014A1 WO 2023098014 A1 WO2023098014 A1 WO 2023098014A1 CN 2022097970 W CN2022097970 W CN 2022097970W WO 2023098014 A1 WO2023098014 A1 WO 2023098014A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery pack
reinforcing
bolt
connecting piece
pack bracket
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/097970
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
姚帅
刘大为
刘明义
李�昊
马满堂
朱连峻
周科
Original Assignee
中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司
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Publication of WO2023098014A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023098014A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/242—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/262—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks
    • H01M50/264—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks for cells or batteries, e.g. straps, tie rods or peripheral frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of battery pack fixing, and in particular to an assembled battery pack bracket of a hoisting battery exchange vehicle.
  • Lithium-ion batteries and new energy electric vehicles have gradually matured and developed rapidly in the past ten years.
  • Electric energy is the main alternative energy source for vehicles in the future, because electric energy can be converted from various clean and renewable energy sources such as solar energy, water energy, wind energy, and nuclear energy.
  • the use of electric energy can also reduce dependence on non-renewable energy sources such as petroleum .
  • the concept of environmental protection, low-carbon economy, and energy consumption reduction being valued by people, the automobile industry is facing increasingly severe challenges due to a series of negative effects such as exhaust emissions polluting the environment and high energy consumption.
  • new energy vehicles can effectively reduce exhaust gas pollution from vehicles.
  • the energy supply of new energy electric vehicles can be divided into two modes: plug-in charging and battery replacement.
  • plug-in charging mode there are three major problems: high initial cost of purchasing batteries, long charging time, and low charging safety; in addition, in plug-in charging In this mode, the charging load of new energy electric vehicles has significant temporal and spatial randomness, which will have an adverse impact on the operation and planning of the power grid.
  • the power exchange mode combined with large-scale centralized charging has become another competitive business technology model for the current development of electric vehicles.
  • energy supplementation for electric vehicles can effectively reduce the energy supply time of electric vehicles; at the same time, it can be managed centrally Charging safety ensures the safety and reliability of the battery system; finally, the battery leasing method is adopted through a reasonable business operation model, which can not only effectively control business costs, but also centrally and effectively control the traceability of the battery system.
  • side-plug-in battery swap vehicles have a compact structure and low investment in the construction of the power station; hoisting-type battery swap vehicles have the ability to pass through harsh road conditions The investment in the mechanical parts of the power station and replacement station is relatively low.
  • the basic working principle of battery pack replacement for mining trucks and long-distance heavy trucks is that after the vehicle arrives at the designated area, the station control system issues an instruction, the battery pack locking mechanism opens and locks, the hoisting battery swapping mechanism performs battery swapping, and the battery pack is locked after the swapping is complete. The mechanism is closed and locked to complete the battery replacement, but mining trucks and long-distance heavy trucks have the characteristics of continuous working hours, poor working road conditions, and high work intensity.
  • the battery pack bracket is torn and overall deformed at the bracket connection position due to vibration and fatigue deformation. It is the main factor affecting the normal replacement and use of vehicles.
  • the existing battery pack bracket is integrally welded.
  • the battery pack bracket and connectors are welded to form an integrated structure.
  • the battery pack bracket is connected to the vehicle through transverse bolts as a whole.
  • the battery pack bracket caused by vibration during the operation of the vehicle Uneven stress can easily cause the welding interface between the bracket and the connector to tear, resulting in damage to the overall battery pack bracket, and the locking structure cannot be used normally, affecting normal battery replacement and operation.
  • This disclosure aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent, and proposes an assembled battery pack bracket for a hoisting battery exchange vehicle, which overcomes the technical defect that the battery pack bracket is easily deformed in the related art;
  • the battery pack bracket in the embodiments of the present disclosure not only ensures the overall flatness of the battery pack bracket, but also ensures normal operation of the locking structure and normal battery replacement.
  • an assembled battery pack bracket for a hoisting battery exchange vehicle including a first body, a battery pack lock, a first reinforcing member and a connecting member;
  • the battery pack lock is arranged on one side in the thickness direction of the first body; the battery pack lock is used to fix the battery pack; the first reinforcing member is arranged on the other side in the thickness direction of the first body One side: the connecting piece is connected to the first reinforcing piece, and the first reinforcing piece is connected to the large frame of the hoisting battery swapping vehicle through the connecting piece.
  • the battery pack lock includes a plurality of battery pack locks, and the plurality of battery pack locks are evenly arranged on one side of the first body in the thickness direction.
  • the connector includes a first connector and a second connector.
  • the first connecting piece is connected to the first reinforcing piece through vertical bolts.
  • the second connecting piece is arranged vertically to the first connecting piece, and the second connecting piece is connected to the large frame through a transverse bolt.
  • the connecting part includes a first reinforcing rib, and the first reinforcing rib is arranged at a vertical connection between the first connecting part and the second connecting part.
  • the first reinforcing rib is arc-shaped or triangular.
  • the first connector is provided with a screw hole adapted to the vertical bolt
  • the second connector is provided with a screw hole adapted to the horizontal bolt
  • the screw hole is The quantity is determined according to the gravity of the battery pack and the stress of the first connecting member and the second connecting member.
  • the vertical bolt member includes a bolt and a spring pad; the spring pad is sleeved on the bolt and located inside the bolt.
  • the transverse bolt member includes a bolt and a spring washer; the spring washer is sleeved on the bolt and located inside the bolt.
  • the first reinforcement includes a reinforcement frame and a fixing plate; wherein the reinforcement frame is erected on an entire side of the first body in the thickness direction; the fixing plate is arranged on the reinforcement frame ; The fixing plate is connected with the connecting piece.
  • screw holes adapted to the vertical bolts are provided on the fixing plate, and the fixing plate is connected to the connecting piece through the vertical bolts.
  • second reinforcing ribs are provided on the fixing plate.
  • the battery pack bracket includes a second reinforcement; the second reinforcement is disposed on both sides of the first body in the width direction.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure also proposes a hoisting battery exchange vehicle, including: a large frame and the above-mentioned battery pack bracket connected to the large frame.
  • the failure rate of the battery pack bracket is greatly reduced.
  • the assembled battery pack bracket provided in this embodiment can greatly reduce the possibility of transverse bolts being fractured by shear force, avoiding the overall deformation of the bracket when the transverse bolts are loosened and retightened; the battery pack bracket in this embodiment
  • the connecting part in the frame includes a first connecting part and a second connecting part, and the first reinforcing rib is provided at the corner connecting the first connecting part and the second connecting part to increase the strength, which can greatly reduce the occurrence of tearing of the connecting part.
  • the battery pack bracket provided by this embodiment can run safely and stably, can reduce the number of maintenance and shorten the maintenance time, can greatly improve the operating efficiency of the vehicle, improve the effective running time of the vehicle and increase economy; at the same time, in the battery pack bracket provided by this embodiment When the first body or connector is damaged, only the first body or connector needs to be replaced, which avoids the need to replace the entire battery pack bracket, greatly reduces maintenance and replacement costs, reduces vehicle operating costs, and increases the economy of vehicle operation.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack bracket in the related art.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the battery pack bracket provided by the embodiment.
  • Fig. 3 is a top view of the battery pack bracket provided by the embodiment.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the connector and the frame provided by the embodiment.
  • Second reinforcement 50 Second reinforcement 50 .
  • FIG. Frame reinforcement ribs 5 wherein there are multiple battery pack locks 3, and the multiple battery pack locks 3 are respectively arranged on one side in the thickness direction of the first body 1; the connector 4 is arranged on the other side in the thickness direction of the first body 1 On one side, specifically, the connecting piece 4 is integrated with the first body 1 through welding, and the connecting piece 4 is connected to the large frame 2 of the vehicle through a transverse bolt 6 .
  • bracket ribs 5 are provided at both ends of the first body 1 in the length direction to connect the first body 1 and the connector 4.
  • the length direction of the first body 1 is consistent with the left-right direction
  • the width direction is consistent with the front-rear direction
  • the thickness direction is consistent with the up-down direction.
  • the first body 1 has an upper surface and a lower surface oppositely arranged in the up-down direction, wherein there are multiple battery pack locks 3 , and the plurality of battery pack locks 3 are uniformly arranged on the upper surface of the first body 1 . above, used to lock the battery pack.
  • Bracket reinforcement ribs 5 are respectively provided under the left and right ends of the first body 1 , and the bracket reinforcement ribs 5 are welded to the first body 1 and the connector 4 respectively.
  • the first body 1 is deformed due to tension due to the welded connection between the bracket reinforcement rib 5 and the connecting member 4, so that The locking structure on the first body 1 cannot be used normally, which affects normal battery replacement and operation, and the battery pack bracket is removed for repair or replacement as a whole, which takes a long time for disassembly and high replacement cost.
  • the battery pack bracket 100 includes a first body 10, a battery pack lock 20, and a first reinforcement A member 30 and a connecting member 40, wherein the battery pack lock 20 is arranged on one side in the thickness direction of the first body 10 for fixing the battery pack; the first reinforcing member 30 is arranged on the other side in the thickness direction of the first body 10; The connecting piece is connected with the first reinforcing piece 30, and the first reinforcing piece 30 is connected with the large frame 200 of the hoisted battery swapping vehicle through the connecting piece.
  • the length direction of the first body 10 is consistent with the left-right direction
  • the width direction is consistent with the front-rear direction
  • the thickness direction is consistent with the up-down direction.
  • the first body 10 has an upper surface and a lower surface oppositely arranged in the up-down direction, wherein there are multiple battery pack locks 20, and the plurality of battery pack locks 20 are evenly arranged on the first body Above the upper surface of the first body 10 is used to lock the battery pack, and the first reinforcing member 30 is welded below the lower surface of the first body 10 .
  • the two connecting pieces 40 are arranged symmetrically in the middle of the first reinforcing piece 30, as shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the top of the upper end of the connecting member 40 is connected to the first reinforcing member 30
  • the lower end of the connecting member 40 is connected to the large frame 200 of the hoisting battery swapping vehicle.
  • the first body 10 adopts a steel frame structure
  • the first reinforcement 30 is welded under the lower surface of the first body 10, and the first body 10 and the first reinforcement 30 are integrally formed by welding, The two parts together form the overall bracket that supports the battery pack, which increases the support strength and reduces deformation.
  • the first reinforcing member 30 is a rib frame.
  • the first reinforcing member 30 is connected to the top of the upper end of the connecting member 40, and the lower end of the connecting member 40 is connected to the large frame 200 of the hoisting battery exchange vehicle, so that the shear force borne by the traditional battery pack bracket is converted into a pulling force. force to reduce the occurrence of tearing at the connection part of the battery pack bracket 100; at the same time, the connector 40 does not directly contact and connect with the first body 10, and when the connector 40 does not cause tension deformation to the bracket, the overall flatness of the bracket is ensured , while ensuring the normal action of the locking structure and normal battery replacement.
  • the connector 40 includes a first connector 401 and a second connector 402 .
  • the first connecting piece 401 includes a vertical bolt piece 4011, and the first connecting piece 401 is connected to the first reinforcing piece 30 through the vertical bolt piece 4011;
  • the second connecting piece 402 includes a horizontal bolt piece 4022; the second connecting piece 402 and the first
  • the connecting piece 401 is arranged vertically; the second connecting piece 402 is connected with the large frame 200 through a transverse bolt 4022 .
  • the connector 40 includes a first connector 401 and a second connector 402, wherein the first connector 401 and the second connector 402 are vertically arranged, that is, the first connector 401 is along the
  • the second connecting piece 402 extends along the vertical direction, and the upper end of the second connecting piece 402 is connected with the left end or the right end of the first connecting piece 401 .
  • a welding process is used to connect the first connecting part 401 and the second connecting part 402 under the condition of ensuring a high welding level; or a stamping or grinding process is used to make the first connecting part 401 and the second connecting part 402 integral , such as C-type stampings.
  • a stamping or grinding process is used to make the first connecting part 401 and the second connecting part 402 integral , such as C-type stampings.
  • screw holes matching the vertical bolts 4011 are provided on the first connecting piece 401; similarly, screw holes matching the horizontal bolts 4022 are set on the second connecting piece 402, and the number of screw holes can be determined according to the actual situation.
  • the gravity of the battery pack and the stress of the first connecting member 401 and the second connecting member 402 are calculated and determined, and are not limited here.
  • both the vertical bolt member 4011 and the transverse bolt member 4022 include a bolt and a spring pad (not shown); the spring pad is sleeved on the bolt and located inside the bolt.
  • the bolt type can be determined according to the actual load calculation, and high-strength bolts are used when necessary.
  • the setting of the spring pad makes most of the vibration and pulling force generated during the running of the vehicle pass through the vertical bolt 4011, and the shear force transmitted to the horizontal bolt 4022 through the connecting piece 40 will be greatly reduced, thereby ensuring the horizontal The integrity of the bolt during operation. Moreover, when the connector 40 or the first body 10 fails, it can be partially disassembled for repair or replacement of some parts, so the disassembly time is short and the replacement cost is low.
  • the connecting member 40 includes a first reinforcing rib 400 , and the first reinforcing rib 400 is disposed at a vertical connection between the first connecting member 401 and the second connecting member 402 .
  • the first reinforcing rib 400 is arranged at the vertical connection between the first connecting part 401 and the second connecting part 402, and the specific function of the first reinforcing rib 400 is to strengthen the first connecting part 401 and the second connecting part 401.
  • the connection of the connecting piece 402 increases the supporting strength, and the integrity is good so as to reduce the possibility of deformation.
  • the first rib 400 is arc-shaped or triangular.
  • the first reinforcing rib 400 is arc-shaped or triangular, and the strengthening of the connecting corners of the first connecting piece 401 and the second connecting piece 402 can further enhance the integrity of the connecting piece 40, reducing the possibility of deformation.
  • the first reinforcing member 30 includes a reinforcing frame 301 and a fixing plate 302 ; wherein the reinforcing frame 301 is erected on an entire side of the first body 10 in the thickness direction; the fixing plate 302 is connected to the connecting member 40 .
  • the reinforcement frame 301 is disposed below the lower surface of the first body 10 and covers the entire lower surface of the first body 10 , and the number of fixing plates 302 is consistent with the number of connecting pieces 40 .
  • the number of fixing plates 302 is two, and the two fixing plates 302 are arranged symmetrically at the bottom of the reinforcing frame 301 , and specifically the two fixing plates 302 are respectively bolted to the first connecting member 401 through vertical bolts 4011 .
  • the fixing plate 302 can be segmented or integral, and screw holes matching the vertical bolts 4011 are provided on the fixing plate 302.
  • the number of screw holes can be determined after calculation according to the actual stress situation. This is not limited.
  • the first reinforcement 30 includes a reinforcement frame 301 and a fixing plate 302. The first reinforcement 30 is segmented to ensure that when the connector 40 or the first body 10 fails, it can be partially removed for maintenance or replacement of some parts, and the disassembly time Short and low replacement cost.
  • second reinforcing ribs are provided on the fixing plate 302 .
  • the second reinforcing rib is arranged on the fixing plate 302 , and the arrangement of the second reinforcing rib ensures the connection strength between the fixing plate 302 and the first connecting member 401 .
  • the battery pack bracket 100 includes a second reinforcing member 50 ; the second reinforcing member 50 is disposed on both sides of the first body 10 in the width direction.
  • second reinforcing pieces 50 are provided at the front and rear ends of the first body 10 , wherein the second reinforcing pieces 50 are integrally formed with the front and rear sides of the first body 10 by welding.
  • the second reinforcing member 50 is integrally formed with the first body 10 and the front and rear sides of the first reinforcing member 30 by welding.
  • the second reinforcing member 50 is arranged at the front and rear ends of the first body 10 and the first reinforcing member 30, wherein the second reinforcing member 50 can be understood as a reinforcing plate;
  • the bottom edge of the reinforcement member 30 is flush with the top edge of the reinforcement plate and the top edge of the first body 10 .
  • the battery pack bracket 100 proposed in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be assembleable/detachable.
  • the battery pack bracket 100 provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure overcomes the technical defect that the battery pack bracket 100 is easily deformed in the related art, ensures the overall flatness of the battery pack bracket 100, and at the same time ensures the normal operation and normal operation of the locking structure. Replace battery.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features.
  • “plurality” means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.
  • a first feature being “on” or “under” a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are indirect through an intermediary. touch.
  • “above”, “above” and “above” the first feature on the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.
  • “Below”, “beneath” and “beneath” the first feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less horizontally than the second feature.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

一种吊装式换电车辆的装配式电池包托架（100），电池包托架（100）包括第一本体（10）、电池包锁止结构（20）、第一加强件（30）和连接件（40），其中电池包锁止结构（20）设置在第一本体（10）厚度方向上的一侧用于固定电池包；第一加强件（30）设置在第一本体（10）厚度方向上的另一侧；连接件（40）与第一加强件（30）连接，第一加强件（30）通过连接件（40）与吊装式换电车辆的大架（200）连接。

Description

吊装式换电车辆的装配式电池包托架
相关申请的交叉引用
本公开基于申请号为202111441872.8、申请日为2021年11月30日的中国专利申请提出，并要求该中国专利申请的优先权，该中国专利申请的全部内容在此引入本申请作为参考。
技术领域
本公开涉及电池包固定技术领域，特别涉及到一种吊装式换电车辆的装配式电池包托架。
背景技术
锂离子电池和新能源电动车在近十年来逐渐成熟发展迅速。电能是未来汽车类交通工具的主要替代能源，因为电能可以由太阳能、水能、风能以及核能等多种清洁可再生能源转换得到，同时电能的使用也可以减少对石油等不再生能源的依赖性。随着环境保护、低碳经济、降低能耗的理念为人们重视，汽车工业因其尾气排放污染环境、高能耗等一系列负效应，面临日益严峻的挑战。相对传统的燃油汽车，新能源汽车能够有效降低汽车排放废气污染，从环境角度讲，新能源汽车废气排出量比传统汽车可减少92％-98％，从而实现交通能源多元化，保护环境；从能源角度讲，全球石油危机日益严重，汽车工业又是能耗的最大组成部分，新能源汽车的开发和使用有效解决了交通能源重消耗的问题，实现低碳经济可持续发展。
新能源电动汽车能源补充可以分为插充和换电两种模式，其中在插充模式下主要有购买电池初期成本高、充电时间长以及充电安全性低三大类问题；另外，在插充模式下，新能源电动车充电负荷具有显著的时空随机性，对电网的运行和规划会带来不利影响。而换电模式配合大规模集中型充电已经成为当前电动汽车发展的另一个具备竞争力的商业技术模式，其中该模式下对电动汽车能源补充可以有效减少电动汽车的能源补给时间；同时可以集中管理充电安全性，保证电池***的安全可靠性；最后通过合理的商业运作模式采用电池租赁方式，既可以有效控制商务成本，又可以集中有效的管控电池***的溯源性。
根据车辆类型的不同，一般可更换电池包安装的位置有底盘下方(轿车、SUV等乘用车)、车架侧/后方和车架上方(巴士、载重卡车、矿山机械重型车辆等)。不同 的安装方式，换电的方法也不同。例如底盘下方一般采用下方托举式换电，车架侧/后方一般采用侧插式换电，车架上方一般采用吊装式换电。侧插式换电和吊装式换电适用场景不同，也各有优缺点，一般来讲侧插式换电车辆结构紧凑、换电站建筑部分投资较低；吊装式换电车辆恶劣路况的通过能力强、换电站机械部分投资较低。矿区矿卡及长途重卡更换电池包基本工作原理是车辆到达指定区域后，站控***发出指令，电池包锁止机构打开锁止，吊装式换电机构进行换电，换电结束电池包锁止机构闭合锁止完成换电，但是矿区矿卡及长途重卡具有工作时间连续，工作路况差，作业强度高的特点，电池包托架因震动及疲劳变形引起托架连接位置的撕裂及整体变形是影响车辆正常换电及使用的主要因素。
现有电池包托架采用整体焊接式，电池包托架及连接件通过焊接成为一体式结构，电池包托架整体通过横向螺栓与车辆连接，在车辆运行过程中因震动引起的电池包托架受力不均，极易造成托架与连接件部位焊接接口撕裂，导致整体电池包托架损坏，锁止结构无法正常使用，影响正常换电及运行。
发明内容
本公开旨在至少在一定程度上解决相关技术中的技术问题之一，提出了一种吊装式换电车辆的装配式电池包托架克服了相关技术中电池包托架易形变的技术缺陷；本公开实施例中的电池包托架不仅保证了电池包托架的整体平整性，而且保证了锁止结构的正常动作及正常换电。
有鉴于此，本公开提出了一种吊装式换电车辆的装配式电池包托架，包括第一本体，电池包锁止，第一加强件和连接件；
所述电池包锁止设置在所述第一本体厚度方向上的一侧；所述电池包锁止用于固定电池包；所述第一加强件设置在所述第一本体厚度方向上的另一侧；所述连接件与所述第一加强件连接，所述第一加强件通过所述连接件与所述吊装式换电车辆的大架连接。
在一些实施例中，所述电池包锁止包括多个电池包锁止，所述多个电池包锁止均匀设置在所述第一本体厚度方向上的一侧。
在一些实施例中，所述连接件包括第一连接件和第二连接件。所述第一连接件与所述第一加强件通过竖向螺栓件连接。所述第二连接件与所述第一连接件垂直设置，所述第二连接件通过横向螺栓件与所述大架连接。
在一些实施例中，所述连接件包括第一加强筋，所述第一加强筋设置在第一连接件 和所述第二连接件的连接垂直处。
在一些实施例中，所述第一加强筋为弧形或三角形。
在一些实施例中，所述第一连接件上设置与所述竖向螺栓件适配的螺孔，所述第二连接件上设置与所述横向螺栓件适配的螺孔，螺孔的数量根据所述电池包的重力、所述第一连接件和所述第二连接件的受力情况确定。
在一些实施例中，所述竖向螺栓件包括螺栓和弹簧垫；所述弹簧垫套设在所述螺栓上且位于所述螺栓的内侧。
在一些实施例中，所述横向螺栓件包括螺栓和弹簧垫；所述弹簧垫套设在所述螺栓上且位于所述螺栓的内侧。
在一些实施例中，所述第一加强件包括加强架和固定板；其中所述加强架架设在所述第一本体厚度方向上的一整侧面；所述固定板设置在所述加强架上；所述固定板与所述连接件连接。
在一些实施例中，所述固定板上设置与所述竖向螺栓件适配的螺孔，并且所述固定板通过所述竖向螺栓件与所述连接件相连。
在一些实施例中，所述固定板上设置第二加强筋。
在一些实施例中，所述电池包托架包括第二加强件；所述第二加强件设置在所述第一本体宽度方向上的两侧。
在另一方面，本公开实施例还提出了一种吊装式换电车辆，包括：大架和与所述大架连接的如上所述的电池包托架。
本公开实施例提出的电池包托架具有如下技术效果：
(1)电池包托架故障率大幅降低。本实施例提供的拼装式电池包托架可大幅降低横向螺栓件受剪切力断裂的可能，避免了横向螺栓件松动再复紧时造成的托架整体变形；本实施例中的电池包托架中连接件包括第一连接件和第二连接件，并对第一连接件和第二连接件连接转角处设置第一加强筋增加强度，可大大降低了连接部位撕裂情况的发生。
(2)提高经济性，降低成本。本实施例提供的电池包托架可安全稳定运行，可减少维修次数并缩短维修时间可大大提高车辆的运行效率，提高车辆有效运行时间增加经济性；同时本实施例提供的电池包托架中的第一本体或连接件损坏时只需更换第一本体或连接件，避免了更换整体电池包托架大大降低了维修更换成本，减少了车辆运营成本，增加了车辆运营的经济性。
(3)降低风险。因连接件撕裂、变形引起的电池包锁止卡死不能打开时，可通过拆除第一加强件与连接件之间的竖向螺栓件，然后再把电池包锁止与电池包托架分离，待电池包吊下后再进行连接件的维修更换，同时当连接件故障时也无需将整个电池包托架拆下，降低了在维修过程中的安全风险。
附图说明
本公开上述的和/或附加的方面和优点从下面结合附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1为相关技术中电池包托架的结构示意图。
图2为实施例提供的电池包托架的结构示意图。
图3为实施例提供的电池包托架的俯视图。
图4为实施例提供的连接件与大架的组装示意图。
附图标记
第一本体1；大架2；电池包锁止3；连接件4；托架加强筋5；横向螺栓件6；
电池包托架100；大架200；
第一本体10；
电池包锁止20；
第一加强件30；加强架301；固定板302；
连接件40；第一加强筋400；
第一连接件401；竖向螺栓件4011；
第二连接件402；横向螺栓件4022；
第二加强件50。
具体实施方式
本公开是基于发明人对以下事实和问题的发现和认识做出的：
下面参考图1描述相关技术中一体式电池包托架的结构，主要用于电池包后背式换电车辆，电池包托架包括第一本体1、电池包锁止3、连接件4和托架加强筋5；其中电池包锁止3为多个，多个电池包锁止3分别设置在第一本体1厚度方向上的一侧；连接件4设置在第一本体1厚度方向上另的一侧，具体为连接件4通过焊接与第一本体1成为一体式结构，连接件4通过横向螺栓件6与车辆的大架2连接。且在第一本体1在长 度方向上的两端均设置托架加强筋5，连接第一本体1与连接件4。
为使得本领域技术人员容易理解，其中第一本体1长度方向与左右方向保持一致、宽度方向与前后方向保持一致、厚度方向与上下方向保持一致。
相关技术中，第一本体1具有在上下方向上相对设置的上表面和下表面，其中电池包锁止3为多个，多个电池包锁止3均匀设置在第一本体1的上表面的上方，用于锁定电池包。连接件4为两个，其上端顶部焊接在第一本体1的下表面的下方，连接件4的下端通过横向螺栓与车辆的大架2连接，其中横向螺栓沿左右方向延伸。第一本体1左右两端的下方分别设置托架加强筋5，托架加强筋5分别与第一本体1和连接件4焊接连接。
相关技术中，车辆运行过程中因底面高低不平会产生前后左右摇晃，电池包因车辆运行产生的震动及拉扯力全部集中在横向螺栓件6以及连接件4与第一本体1的焊接处，第一本体1受力不均容易造成焊接接口撕裂；而整体电池包的拉扯产生的剪切力使得横向螺栓件6极易发生断裂，从而造成电池包托架的损坏。且即使横向螺栓件6没有发生断裂，随着车辆运行横向螺栓件6发生松动进行紧固螺栓时，由于托架加强筋5与连接件4焊接连接，第一本体1因拉力产生造成变形，使得第一本体1上的锁止结构无法正常使用，影响正常换电及运行，而将电池包托架整体拆下维修或更换，拆解时间长，更换成本高。
因此，如何提供一种适用于大型矿区矿卡及长途重卡的电池包托架，改变电池包托架易形变的技术缺陷，保证电池包托架的整体平整以及锁止结构的正常动作保证正常换电是本领域技术人员亟需解决的技术问题。
为了能够更清楚地理解本公开的上述目的、特征和优点，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本公开进行进一步的详细描述。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本公开的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本公开，但是，本公开还可以采用其他不同于在此描述的其他方式来实施，因此，本公开的保护范围并不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
下面参考附图2至图4,，对本公开的技术方案进行进一步描述。
如图2到图4所示，本实施例提出了一种吊装式换电车辆的装配式电池包托架100，电池包托架100包括第一本体10，电池包锁止20，第一加强件30和连接件40，其中电池包锁止20设置在第一本体10厚度方向上的一侧用于固定电池包；第一加强件30设 置在第一本体10厚度方向上的另一侧；连接件与第一加强件30连接，第一加强件30通过连接件与所吊装式换电车辆的大架200连接。
为使得本领域技术人员容易理解，其中第一本体10长度方向与左右方向保持一致、宽度方向与前后方向保持一致、厚度方向与上下方向保持一致。
具体的如图2所示，即第一本体10具有在上下方向上相对设置的上表面和下表面，其中电池包锁止20为多个，多个电池包锁止20均匀设置在第一本体10的上表面的上方用于锁定电池包，且第一加强件30焊接在第一本体10的下表面的下方。
有利的，连接件40为两个，两个连接件40对称设置在第一加强件30的中部，如图2所示。其中连接件40的上端顶部与第一加强件30连接，连接件40的下端与吊装式换电车辆的大架200连接。
示例性的，本实施例中第一本体10采用钢框架结构，在第一本体10的下表面的下方焊接设置第一加强件30，第一本体10与第一加强件30通过焊接一体成形，两部分共同组成了支撑电池包的整体托架，增加了支撑强度减小了变形的情况。可选的，第一加强件30为加强筋框架。
本实施例中第一加强件30与连接件40的上端顶部连接，连接件40的下端与吊装式换电车辆的大架200连接，将传统电池包托架承受的剪切力转化成拉拔力，减小电池包托架100连接部位撕裂的发生；同时连接件40不与第一本体10直接接触连接，当连接件40不会对托架造成拉力形变，保证了托架的整体平整，同时保证了锁止结构的正常动作及正常换电。
在一些实施例中，连接件40包括第一连接件401和第二连接件402。第一连接件401包括竖向螺栓件4011，第一连接件401与第一加强件30通过竖向螺栓件4011连接；第二连接件402包括横向螺栓件4022；第二连接件402与第一连接件401垂直设置；第二连接件402通过横向螺栓件4022与大架200连接。
具体的如图2和图4所示，连接件40包括第一连接件401和第二连接件402，其中第一连接件401和第二连接件402垂直设置，即第一连接件401沿着左右方向延伸，第二连接件402沿着上下方向延伸，第二连接件402的上端与第一连接件401的左端或右端连接。
可选的，在保证焊接水平较高的情况下采用焊接工艺连接第一连接件401和第二连接件402；或者采用冲压或磨具工艺使得第一连接件401和第二连接件402一体成型，例如C型冲压件。当采用一体成型C型冲压件时消除了第一连接件401和第二连接件 402采用焊接工艺时焊缝在车辆运行过程中因震动造成撕裂的情况，从而保证了托架的连接安全，保证连接件40的整体性，减小形变发生的可能。
可理解的，第一连接件401上设置与竖向螺栓件4011相适配的螺孔；同理第二连接件402上设置与横向螺栓件4022适配的螺孔，螺孔数量可根据实际电池包的重力及第一连接件401和第二连接件402的受力情况计算后确定，在此不做限定。
有利的，竖向螺栓件4011和横向螺栓件4022均包括螺栓和弹簧垫(未示出)；弹簧垫套设在螺栓上且位于螺栓的内侧。其中螺栓可根据实际载荷计算确定螺栓型号，必要时采用高强螺栓。
弹簧垫的设置使得车辆运行过程中产生的震动及拉扯力通过竖向螺栓件4011时抵消掉大部分，通过连接件40传导到横向螺栓件4022的剪切力会大大减小，从而保证了横向螺栓在运行过程中的整体性。且当连接件40或第一本体10发生故障时，可局部拆下维修或更换局部部件，拆解时间短，更换成本低。
在一些实施例中，连接件40包括第一加强筋400，第一加强筋400设置在第一连接件401和第二连接件402的连接垂直处。
具体的如图2和图4，第一加强筋400设置在第一连接件401和第二连接件402的连接垂直处，第一加强筋400的具体作用为加强第一连接件401和第二连接件402的连接增加支撑强度，整体性良好从而减小形变发生的可能。
在一些实施例中，第一加强筋400为弧形或三角形。
具体如图2和图4所示，第一加强筋400为弧形或三角形，对第一连接件401和第二连接件402的连接弯角加强可进一步增强连接件40的整体性，减小形变发生的可能。
在一些实施例中，第一加强件30包括加强架301和固定板302；其中加强架301架设在第一本体10厚度方向上的一整侧面；固定板302与连接件40连接。
具体如图2和图3所示，其中加强架301设置在第一本体10下表面的下方，覆盖第一本体10的整个下表面，固定板302的数量与连接件40的数量保持一致。有利的，固定板302的数量为两个，两个固定板302对称设置在加强架301的底部，具体的两个固定板302分别与第一连接件401通过竖向螺栓件4011栓接。
可选的，固定板302可采用分段式也可采用整板式，固定板302上开设与竖向螺栓件4011适配的螺孔，螺孔数量可根据实际的受力情况计算后确定，在此不做限定。第一加强件30包括加强架301和固定板302，第一加强件30为分段式保证了连接件40或第一本体10发生故障时，可局部拆下维修或更换局部部件，拆解时间短，更换成本低。
在一些实施例中，固定板302上设置第二加强筋(未示出)。
固定板302上设置第二加强筋，第二加强筋的设置保证了固定板302与第一连接件401的连接强度。
在一些实施例中，电池包托架100包括第二加强件50；第二加强件50设置在第一本体10宽度方向上的两侧。
具体如图2和图3所示，在第一本体10的前后两端设置第二加强件50，其中第二加强件50采用焊接形式与第一本体10的前后两侧一体成型。
有利的，第二加强件50采用焊接形式与第一本体10和第一加强件30的前后两侧一体成型。换而言之，第二加强件50设置在第一本体10和第一加强件30的前端和后端，其中第二加强件50可理解为加强板；且而加强板的底部边缘与第一加强件30的底部边缘齐平，加强板的上部边缘与第一本体10的上部边缘齐平。
本公开的实施例中提出的电池包托架100可以为可装配/可拆卸的。
本公开实施例提供的电池包托架100，克服了相关技术中电池包托架100易形变的技术缺陷，保证了电池包托架100的整体平整，同时保证了锁止结构的正常动作及正常换电。
在本公开的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本公开和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本公开的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本公开中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本公开中的具体含义。
在本公开中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是 第一和第二特征直接接触，或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“实施例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本公开的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例进行结合和组合。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本公开的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本公开的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在本公开的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种吊装式换电车辆的装配式电池包托架，包括：
    第一本体；
    电池包锁止，所述电池包锁止设置在所述第一本体厚度方向上的一侧用于固定电池包；
    第一加强件，所述第一加强件设置在所述第一本体厚度方向上的另一侧；和
    连接件，所述连接件与所述第一加强件连接，所述第一加强件通过所述连接件与所述吊装式换电车辆的大架连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池包托架，其中所述电池包锁止包括多个电池包锁止，所述多个电池包锁止均匀设置在所述第一本体厚度方向上的一侧。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电池包托架，其中所述连接件包括：
    第一连接件，所述第一连接件与所述第一加强件通过竖向螺栓件连接；和
    第二连接件，所述第二连接件与所述第一连接件垂直设置，所述第二连接件通过横向螺栓件与所述大架连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电池包托架，其中所述连接件包括第一加强筋，所述第一加强筋设置在第一连接件和所述第二连接件的连接垂直处。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电池包托架，其中所述第一加强筋为弧形或三角形。
  6. 根据权利要求3至5中任一项所述的电池包托架，其中所述第一连接件上设置与所述竖向螺栓件适配的螺孔，所述第二连接件上设置与所述横向螺栓件适配的螺孔，螺孔的数量根据所述电池包的重力、所述第一连接件和所述第二连接件的受力情况确定。
  7. 根据权利要求3至6中任一项所述的电池包托架，其中所述竖向螺栓件包括螺栓和弹簧垫；所述弹簧垫套设在所述螺栓上且位于所述螺栓的内侧。
  8. 根据权利要求3至7中任一项所述的电池包托架，其中所述横向螺栓件包括螺栓和弹簧垫；所述弹簧垫套设在所述螺栓上且位于所述螺栓的内侧。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的电池包托架，其中所述第一加强件包括加强架和固定板，其中所述加强架设置在所述第一本体厚度方向上的一整侧面，所述固定板设置在所述加强架上，和所述固定板与所述连接件连接。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电池包托架，其中所述固定板上设置与所述竖向螺栓件适配的螺孔，并且所述固定板通过所述竖向螺栓件与所述连接件相连。
  11. 根据权利要求9或10所述的电池包托架，其中所述固定板上设置第二加强筋。
  12. 根据权利要求1至11中任一项所述的电池包托架，其中所述电池包托架包括第二加强件，所述第二加强件设置在所述第一本体宽度方向上的两侧。
  13. 一种吊装式换电车辆，包括：
    大架；和
    与所述大架连接的根据权利要求1至12中任一项所述的电池包托架。
PCT/CN2022/097970 2021-11-30 2022-06-09 吊装式换电车辆的装配式电池包托架 WO2023098014A1 (zh)

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