WO2023071094A1 - 一种棉被及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种棉被及其制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023071094A1
WO2023071094A1 PCT/CN2022/088916 CN2022088916W WO2023071094A1 WO 2023071094 A1 WO2023071094 A1 WO 2023071094A1 CN 2022088916 W CN2022088916 W CN 2022088916W WO 2023071094 A1 WO2023071094 A1 WO 2023071094A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
quilt
air
layer
polypropylene
melt
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/088916
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨自然
疏根胜
丁实现
张峰
杨雪雅
李晓玲
Original Assignee
国桥实业(深圳)有限公司
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Publication of WO2023071094A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023071094A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47G—HOUSEHOLD OR TABLE EQUIPMENT
    • A47G9/00—Bed-covers; Counterpanes; Travelling rugs; Sleeping rugs; Sleeping bags; Pillows
    • A47G9/02—Bed linen; Blankets; Counterpanes
    • A47G9/0207—Blankets; Duvets
    • A47G9/0223—Blankets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/0012—Mechanical treatment, e.g. roughening, deforming, stretching
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/0036—Heat treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/04—Punching, slitting or perforating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/06—Embossing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/06—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by a fibrous or filamentary layer mechanically connected, e.g. by needling to another layer, e.g. of fibres, of paper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4282—Addition polymers
    • D04H1/4291—Olefin series
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/56—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving in association with fibre formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion of staple fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/007—Addition polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B2038/0052—Other operations not otherwise provided for
    • B32B2038/008—Sewing, stitching
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/20—All layers being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0253—Polyolefin fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/20—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
    • B32B2307/21—Anti-static
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/51—Elastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/558—Impact strength, toughness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/718—Weight, e.g. weight per square meter
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor

Definitions

  • the application belongs to the technical field of bedding, and in particular relates to a cotton quilt and a preparation method thereof.
  • cotton quilts are used as coverings during sleeping and have a certain effect of keeping warm.
  • quilts on the market, most of which are cotton quilt cores.
  • the core quilt mainly has the following disadvantages.
  • the quilt made of pure cotton has poor antibacterial properties and poor air permeability; and after a long period of use, the cotton quilt core will move inside, resulting in thinner cotton in some places and thinner cotton in some places. Thick, poor uniformity, and easy to breed some germs. If it is a sick patient, the cotton wick quilt is easy to breed bacteria and germs, which is not conducive to the recovery of the patient.
  • a set of quilts are used repeatedly by many people, which is easy to cause cross infection. Furthermore, the existing quilt production process is cumbersome, a large amount of carbon dioxide is generated during the preparation process, and the production cost is high. If a set of quilts is only used once, it is too wasteful and not environmentally friendly; And the softness is not enough, the volume is large after folding, it is not easy to carry, it is not suitable for business trips or family outings.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide a cotton quilt and its preparation method, aiming to solve the problems of the existing cotton quilts which are not easy to carry, easy to cause cross-infection, uneconomical and environmentally friendly to a certain extent.
  • the present application provides a cotton quilt, which includes two layers of anti-slip layers and a heat-preserving and breathable layer disposed between the two layers of anti-slip layers, wherein the heat-preserving and breathable layer adopts SMS non-woven fabric and/or melt-blown fabric.
  • the anti-skid layer is SMS non-woven fabric.
  • a surface of the anti-slip layer is provided with several first protrusions, and the first protrusions are arranged opposite to the thermal insulation and air-permeable layer; and/or
  • a surface of the thermal insulation and air-permeable layer is provided with a plurality of second protrusions, and a plurality of through holes are distributed around the second protrusions.
  • the diameter of the through hole is 0.7-1.3mm, and/or
  • a second aspect of the present application provides a method for preparing a quilt, comprising the following steps:
  • SMS non-woven fabric emboss and perforate the SMS non-woven fabric to obtain an insulating and breathable layer
  • a heat-preserving and air-permeable layer is stacked between two anti-slip layers to form a sandwich structure, and the quilt is obtained by sewing.
  • the temperature of the two embossing rollers of the punching and embossing equipment is 120-160°C, and the embossing speed is 40-100m/min; and/or
  • the suture treatment is ultrasonic suture treatment.
  • preparation of SMS nonwoven fabric comprises the following steps:
  • the polypropylene raw material and the auxiliary functional masterbatch are mixed and heated to form the first molten polypropylene, and the first molten polypropylene is spun and then subjected to quenching air drafting treatment to obtain polypropylene filaments, polypropylene long
  • the silk is laid into a web to obtain a spunbond layer;
  • the air temperature of the quenching wind drawing treatment is 10-22°C
  • the fan speed is 500-800rpm
  • the air temperature of the hot air drawing treatment is 260-285°C, and the fan speed is 550-800rpm.
  • raw material composition of SMS nonwoven fabric is as follows by weight:
  • Antistatic agent 0.5-1.5 parts
  • auxiliary functional masterbatch includes elastic material and soft masterbatch, and/or
  • the flexible masterbatch includes one or more of polypropylene homopolymerization and copolymerization mixtures, fatty acid amino derivatives, polyolefin derivatives, plastic dispersants, and/or
  • Antistatic agents include alkoxylated fatty acids and/or organomodified polydimethylsiloxanes.
  • the quilt provided in the first aspect of the application uses SMS non-woven fabric and/or melt-blown fabric as the quilt raw material, which has fluffy, soft and skin-friendly effects, high heat preservation value, good antistatic properties and elastic toughness, Compared with the traditional cotton quilt, it is lint-free and lint-free, and the quilt is light and thin, and at the same time has a good thermal insulation effect. At the same time, this quilt is small in size after being folded, and it is easy to carry, especially suitable for business trips, family trips or hospital patients once It can also be used as an airplane blanket, which is clean and hygienic to avoid cross-infection. In addition, this quilt can be washed and reused many times, which is economical and environmentally friendly.
  • the preparation method of the quilt provided by the second aspect of the application compared with the production process of the traditional cotton quilt, the carbon dioxide emission of the production process of the quilt is greatly reduced, it is practical, economical and more environmentally friendly, and the production cost is low.
  • the cloth is more uniform than traditional cotton quilts, has better elasticity and toughness, does not lint and dandruff, and is light in weight and thin in quilts. At the same time, it has good thermal insulation effect and is clean and hygienic to use.
  • Fig. 1 is the interlayer structure schematic diagram of the quilt provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the interlayer structure of the SMS non-woven fabric provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the perforated embossing of the SMS non-woven fabric provided in the embodiment of the present application, wherein, Figure 3(a) is a schematic diagram of the embossing of the anti-skid layer, and Figure 3(b) is a schematic diagram of the perforated embossing of the thermal insulation and air-permeable layer .
  • the term "and/or” describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships, for example, A and/or B may mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone Condition. Among them, A and B can be singular or plural.
  • the character "/" generally indicates that the contextual objects are an "or" relationship.
  • At least one means one or more, and “multiple” means two or more.
  • At least one of the following” or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items.
  • “at least one (one) of a, b, or c”, or “at least one (one) of a, b, and c” can mean: a, b, c, a-b (that is, a and b), a-c, b-c, or a-b-c, where a, b, c can be single or multiple.
  • sequence numbers of the above-mentioned processes do not mean the order of execution, and some or all steps may be executed in parallel or sequentially, and the execution order of each process shall be based on its functions and The internal logic is determined and should not constitute any limitation to the implementation process of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the weight of the relevant components mentioned in the description of the embodiments of the present application can not only refer to the specific content of each component, but also represent the proportional relationship between the weights of the various components.
  • the scaling up or down of the content of the fraction is within the scope disclosed in the description of the embodiments of the present application.
  • the mass in the description of the embodiments of the present application may be ⁇ g, mg, g, kg and other well-known mass units in the chemical industry.
  • first and second are only used for descriptive purposes to distinguish objects such as substances from each other, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features.
  • first XX can also be called the second XX
  • second XX can also be called the first XX.
  • a feature defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features.
  • S layer refers to the spunbond layer in the nonwoven fabric
  • M layer refers to the meltblown layer in the nonwoven fabric
  • the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a cotton quilt.
  • the cotton quilt includes two layers of anti-slip layers and an insulating and breathable layer arranged between the two layers of anti-slip layers, wherein the insulating and breathable layer adopts SMS non-woven fabric and/or melt-blown fabric .
  • the non-slip layer is SMS non-woven fabric
  • SMS non-woven fabric is a kind of composite non-woven fabric, including two layers of spunbond layers stacked in sequence and a melt blown layer between the two layers of spunbond layers.
  • the number of layers of the M layer between the two S layers includes but is not limited to one layer, and can also be two layers, three layers Layers or more layers can be adjusted according to production needs.
  • the quilt provided in this example is made of SMS non-woven fabric and/or melt-blown fabric, which has fluffy, soft and skin-friendly effects, high heat preservation value, good antistatic property, no static electricity generation, and good Excellent elasticity and toughness, no lint and chipping, light weight and thin quilt, at the same time, it has good heat preservation effect, clean and hygienic to use, especially suitable for one-time use by hospital patients, to avoid cross infection caused by different patients using the same quilt, and at the same time
  • This quilt is very small when folded (A4 paper size 5CM thick) and is easy to carry. It is especially suitable for business trips or family trips. It can be used as a disposable quilt and can also be used as an airplane blanket.
  • this quilt can also be washed (ordinary quilts can only wash the quilt cover, but this quilt can be washed completely), hand washing and machine washing can also be used repeatedly, which is economical and environmentally friendly.
  • first protrusions are provided on one surface of the anti-slip layer, and the first protrusions are layered with thermal insulation and ventilation.
  • the shapes of the first protrusions include but are not limited to round, square, rhombus, hexagonal
  • the shape of the first protrusion is preferably circular, and the setting of the first protrusion can increase the friction between the anti-skid layer and the thermal insulation and air-permeable layer, further improving the anti-skid layer and
  • the degree of bonding between the heat-preserving and air-permeable layers makes the overall quilt more uniform, and further, several through holes can be arranged around the first protrusion, which helps to increase the air permeability of the anti-slip layer;
  • a number of second protrusions are provided on one surface of the thermal insulation and air-permeable layer, and a number of through holes are distributed around the second protrusions.
  • the shapes of the second protrusions include but are not limited to circular, square, rhombus , hexagon and other polygons, the setting of the second protrusion can increase the friction force between the thermal insulation and ventilation layer and the thermal insulation and ventilation layer or the anti-skid layer, and further improve the combination degree between the thermal insulation and ventilation layer and the anti-skid layer, so that the quilt as a whole It is more uniform; the shape of the through hole includes but is not limited to polygons such as circle, square, rhombus, hexagon, etc.
  • the setting of the through hole can further increase the air permeability of the thermal insulation and air-permeable layer.
  • the aperture of the through hole is 0.7-1.3mm, and there are 4-8 through holes evenly distributed around each second protrusion on the surface of the heat-preserving air-permeable layer.
  • the embossing of such protrusions and through holes Shooting effectively increases the softness, fluffiness and air permeability of the quilt.
  • the size of the hole is appropriate, which ensures the strength of the quilt while ensuring the air permeability. If the through hole is too large, the strength of the quilt will decrease, and it will be pulled during use. easily damaged.
  • the heat-insulating and air-permeable layer can be at least one layer, such as 1-4 layers.
  • each layer of the heat-insulating and air-permeable layer is provided with a second protrusion and a through hole. Every two layers of heat-preservation and air-permeable layers have a raised side which can be opposite or away from each other.
  • the thickness of each layer of anti-slip layer is 0.45-0.65mm, and the thickness of each layer of heat-insulation and air-permeable layer is 0.55-2.36mm.
  • the quilt will not be too heavy as a whole, and the quilt is small in volume and weight after folding, which is convenient to carry.
  • a second aspect of the present application provides a method for preparing a quilt, comprising the following steps:
  • SMS non-woven fabric Prepare SMS non-woven fabric, carry out embossing and perforation process to SMS non-woven fabric, obtain heat-insulating breathable layer, and/or
  • a heat-preserving and air-permeable layer is stacked between two anti-slip layers to form a sandwich structure, and the quilt is obtained by sewing.
  • the anti-skid layer is SMS non-woven fabric after embossing, and the surface of the anti-skid layer facing the heat-insulating and air-permeable layer has some first protrusions, which increases the frictional force between the heat-insulating and air-permeable layer. Make the quilt more uniform overall.
  • the preparation method of the quilt provided by the application compared with the production process of the traditional cotton quilt, the carbon dioxide emission of the production process of the quilt is greatly reduced, practical, economical and more environmentally friendly, and the production cost is low.
  • Traditional cotton quilts have higher uniformity, better elasticity and toughness, no lint and dandruff, and are light in weight and thin. SMS is embossed and punched, so that the quilt has good heat preservation effect and at the same time, It is more fluffy and breathable, and it is clean and hygienic to use.
  • the temperature of the two embossing rollers of the punching and embossing equipment is 120-160°C, and the embossing speed is 40-100m/min.
  • Embossing treatment in a specific embodiment of the application, the first protrusion is pressed out on the surface of the SMS non-woven fabric to form a non-slip layer, and the second protrusion and through holes are pressed out on the surface of the SMS non-woven fabric to form an insulating and breathable layer , the temperature is too low, the embossing is not clear.
  • the suture treatment is one or more of ultrasonic suture treatment, car suture treatment or silk suture treatment.
  • it is preferably ultrasonic suture treatment.
  • the frequency oscillation transmits the sound wave to the welding surface of the workpiece by the welding head, which instantly causes friction between the molecules of the workpiece and reaches the melting point, so that the material is quickly softened and thermally bonded, thereby completing the welding and seaming of the material, without the need for additional stitching with silk thread, and stitching with silk thread
  • the quality of the ultrasonic wireless suture treatment is lighter; in addition, without affecting the suture strength of the quilt, the ultrasonic wireless suture has better stretch recovery and softness; moreover, due to the ultrasonic suture
  • the layers of the treated quilt are bonded without pinholes, so the quilt sewn by ultrasonic sewing technology has better wind resistance and warmth retention; in addition, the ultrasonic sewing technology does not require needles, threads, solvents, adhesive
  • non-woven fabric is SMS non-woven fabric
  • preparation of SMS non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
  • the polypropylene raw material and the auxiliary functional masterbatch are mixed and heated to form the first molten polypropylene, and the first molten polypropylene is spun and then subjected to quenching air drafting treatment to obtain polypropylene filaments, polypropylene long
  • the silk is laid into a net to obtain a spunbond layer, that is, the S layer;
  • the preparation steps of the melt-blown cloth include: mixing the polypropylene raw material and the auxiliary functional masterbatch and heating to form the first molten polypropylene, and performing high-pressure hot air drawing treatment on the first molten polypropylene , to obtain the melt-blown tow, and lay the melt-blown tow into a net to obtain the melt-blown cloth.
  • the heating temperature is 180-240°C. If the temperature is too high, the polypropylene will be carbonized, and if the temperature is too low, the melting of polypropylene will not be sufficient; the melt index of molten polypropylene is 1500 ⁇ 100g/ 10min, with extremely high fluidity, easy to pull into silk.
  • the air temperature of the quenching wind drawing treatment is 10-22°C
  • the fan speed used in the quenching wind drawing treatment is 500-800rpm, so that the molten polypropylene is uniformly and rapidly cooled to form polypropylene filaments , so that the elastic small molecules on the outer surface of the polypropylene filament and the thin layer of compliant masterbatch molecules are better preserved, so that the polypropylene filament has better elasticity and softness.
  • the air temperature of the hot air drafting treatment is 260-285°C
  • the fan speed is 550-800rpm
  • the melted polypropylene is drawn to form a melt-blown filament bundle, and the melt-blown filament bundle is arranged during web laying It is more uniform, and the fibers of the melt-blown tow are finer, the breaking strength and softness of the non-woven fabric are improved, and the mechanical strength of the non-woven fabric is improved.
  • the raw material composition of SMS nonwoven fabric is as follows by weight:
  • Antistatic agent 0.5-1.5 parts
  • auxiliary functional masterbatch added if the amount of auxiliary functional masterbatch added is too high, the surface of SMS non-woven fabric will be too soft and slippery, and if the amount added is too low, the cloth surface will be too hard and feel rough.
  • the auxiliary functional masterbatch includes elastic material and compliant masterbatch, and the ratio of elastic material and compliant masterbatch is 25:6 by weight; wherein the compliant masterbatch includes polypropylene homopolymerization and copolymerization mixture, fatty acid One or more of amino derivatives, polyolefin derivatives, and plastic dispersants.
  • the composition ratio of the flexible masterbatch is as follows by weight: polypropylene homopolymerization and copolymerization mixture 60.5%, fatty acid 22.5% of amino derivatives, 15% of polyolefin derivatives, and 2% of plastic dispersants. With this ratio, the SMS non-woven fabric has excellent elasticity and softness.
  • the antistatic agent includes alkoxy fatty acid and/or organically modified polydimethylsiloxane, and in the specific embodiments of the application, the composition ratio of the antistatic agent is as follows by weight: alkane Oxyfatty acid > 50%, organically modified polydimethylsiloxane 10-25%, additive 1-5%, water 1-5%, the antistatic agent with this formula has good antistatic properties and will not have Electrostatic generation, good elasticity and toughness, no lint and chipping.
  • SMS non-woven fabric The process of preparing SMS non-woven fabric is as follows: polypropylene raw material + auxiliary functional masterbatch ⁇ melting ⁇ filtering ⁇ metering pump ⁇ spinning ⁇ cooling ⁇ air drafting ⁇ web laying ⁇ hot rolling ⁇ adding antistatic agent and drying ⁇ collecting Rolling and slitting ⁇ packing.
  • the S layer (spunbonded layer) is made through steps: add 10-20% of auxiliary functional masterbatches to polypropylene PP and mix them.
  • the auxiliary functional masterbatches include elastic material and soft masterbatch, elastic material and soft
  • the ratio of masterbatch is 25:6, and the components of flexible masterbatch are composed of the following: 60.5% of polypropylene homopolymerization and copolymerization mixture, 22.5% of fatty acid amino derivatives, 15% of polyolefin derivatives, 2% of plastic dispersants, after extrusion
  • the machine is heated and heated to 180-240°C to melt into flowing molten polypropylene, filtered through a filter, and then spun through a metering pump and spinning assembly and cooled by quenching air.
  • the pump speed of the metering pump is 5.3-15rpm, and the temperature 235-272°C, the temperature of the cold air is controlled between 10-22°C, and then through the air flow of 500-800rpm, the filaments are drawn into polypropylene filaments with a thickness of 15-30um, and laid into a net on the mesh curtain;
  • the M layer (meltblown layer) is prepared by the following steps: select molten polypropylene with high melt fluidity (melt index is 1500 ⁇ 100g/10min), and draw it through the extruder and die under high temperature and high pressure. Under the gas condition of air temperature 260-285°C and hot air drafting fan speed of 550-800rpm, the melt-blown filaments are blown out, and then laid into a net to cover the S-layer spunbonded non-woven fabric previously laid;
  • SMS spunbonded antistatic non-woven fabric generated above to punch and emboss the cloth surface on the punching and embossing production equipment, and make two kinds of textured products: one is with protrusions and no through holes, and the other is with For protrusions and through holes, six through holes are evenly distributed around each protrusion, with a diameter of 0.7-1.3mm. 100m/min.
  • the above-mentioned antistatic perforated embossed SMS non-woven fabric for ultrasonic sewing processing, select two layers of SMS non-woven fabric with protrusions and no through holes as the anti-slip layer, and 1-4 layers of SMS with protrusions and through holes
  • the non-woven fabric is used as the heat-insulating and breathable layer, and its embossed raised surface (also known as the front side), the heat-insulating and breathable layer is laminated between the two anti-skid layers, and the two layers of SMS non-woven fabric with protrusions and no through holes are placed on the multi-layer
  • the total thickness of the prepared quilt is 1.76mm, the air permeability is 377.42mm/s, the thermal insulation performance is 0.0517m2.k/w, the softness is 15.12mg/cm, and the elasticity is 80%.
  • the total thickness of the prepared quilt is 1.71mm
  • the air permeability is 349.98mm/s
  • the thermal insulation performance is 0.0824m2.k/w
  • the softness is 15.42mg/cm
  • the total thickness of the prepared quilt is 2.51mm
  • the air permeability is 344.52mm/s
  • the thermal insulation performance is 0.131m2.k/w
  • the softness is 21.56mg/cm
  • the total thickness of the prepared quilt is 2.30mm
  • the air permeability is 327.29mm/s
  • the thermal insulation performance is 0.150m2.k/w
  • the softness is 20.25mg/cm
  • the process of preparing the SMS non-woven fabric is the same as that in Example 1.
  • Both the anti-slip layer and the heat-preservation and air-permeable layer are selected from the SMS non-woven fabric with protrusions and through holes, and the heat-preservation and air-permeable layer is laminated between the two anti-skid layers, that is, four layers have protrusions. It is laminated with the through-hole SMS non-woven fabric, and the two outer SMS non-woven fabrics face inward to form a sandwich structure, which is stitched to obtain a quilt.
  • the total thickness of the prepared quilt is 2.05mm, the air permeability is 282.35mm/s, the thermal insulation performance is 0.135m2.k/w, the softness is 21.22mg/cm, and the elasticity is 90%.
  • Embodiment 6 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 6
  • melt-blown cloth mixing polypropylene raw materials and auxiliary functional masterbatches and heating to form molten polypropylene;
  • the molten polypropylene with high melt fluidity is selected, and the molten polypropylene is subjected to high-pressure hot air drawing treatment in the extruder unit and the die head under high temperature and high pressure gas conditions to obtain melt-blown filaments, and the melt-blown filaments are laid into
  • the melt-blown cloth is obtained after the screen, the air speed of the hot-air drafting treatment is 450-800rpm, and the drafting air temperature is 260°C-285°C.
  • the anti-skid layer is made of SMS non-woven fabric with protrusions and through holes, and the thermal insulation and breathable layer is made of melt-blown cloth;
  • the thermal insulation and air-permeable layer is laminated between the two anti-slip layers, that is, two layers of SMS non-woven fabrics with protrusions and through holes are placed on the two outer sides of the melt-blown fabric, and the front faces inward to form a sandwich structure, which is stitched to obtain a quilt.
  • the total thickness of the prepared quilt is 2.45mm, the air permeability is 200.66mm/s, the thermal insulation performance is 0.180m2.k/w, the softness is 19.23mg/cm, and the elasticity is 90%.

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Abstract

本申请属于床上用品技术领域，尤其涉及一种棉被及其制备方法，所述棉被包括两层防滑层和设于两层所述防滑层之间的一层或多层保温透气层，所述防滑层和所述保温透气层采用无纺布，所述保温透气层为SMS无纺布和/或熔喷布，具有蓬松、柔软、亲肤的效果，保温值高，具有良好的抗静电性和弹性韧性，重量轻且折叠后体积小，易于携带，适合出差、家庭旅行或医院病人一次性使用，也可用作飞机毯，干净卫生，避免交叉感染，还可以清洗多次循环使用，经济环保。

Description

一种棉被及其制备方法
本申请要求于2021年10月28日在中国专利局提交的、申请号为202111264760.X的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请属于床上用品技术领域，尤其涉及一种棉被及其制备方法。
 背景技术
众所周知，棉被用作睡觉过程中的覆盖物，具有一定保暖作用，目前市面上的棉被多种多样，大多棉花被芯的为主，当然，也有蚕丝被等等，针对保暖性好的棉花芯被褥，主要存在以下缺点，纯棉花做的被褥抗菌性差，透气性差；再就是经过长时间使用，棉花被芯在内部会产生窜动，造成有的地方棉花较薄，有的地方棉花较厚，均匀性差，还容易滋生一些病菌，如果是遇到生病的患者，棉花芯棉被容易滋生细菌和病菌，不利于病人康复，同时，一套棉被多人反复使用，容易造成交叉感染，再者，现有的棉被制作工艺繁琐，制备过程中产生大量二氧化碳，制备成本高，若一套棉被只使用一次，太过浪费且不环保；此外，棉花芯棉被较为厚重，蓬松度和柔软度不足，折叠后体积大，不易携带，不适用于出差或家庭出游。
 技术问题
本申请的目的在于提供一种棉被及其制备方法，旨在一定程度上解决现有棉被不易携带、容易造成交叉感染、不经济环保的问题。
 技术解决方案
为实现上述申请目的，本申请采用的技术方案如下：
第一方面，本申请提供一种棉被，棉被包括两层防滑层和设于两层防滑层之间的保温透气层，其中，保温透气层采用SMS无纺布和/或熔喷布。
进一步地，防滑层为SMS无纺布。
进一步地，防滑层一表面设有若干第一凸起，且第一凸起与保温透气层相对设置；和/或
保温透气层一表面设有若干第二凸起，且第二凸起四周分布有若干通孔。
进一步地，通孔的孔径为0.7-1.3mm，和/或
保温透气层表面的每个第二凸起四周均匀分布有4-8个通孔。
本申请第二方面提供一种棉被的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
制备SMS无纺布，对SMS无纺布进行压纹和打孔处理，得到保温透气层，
和/或，制备熔喷布，得到保温透气层；
将保温透气层层叠于两防滑层之间，形成夹层结构，缝合处理得到棉被。
进一步地，压纹和打孔处理时，打孔压纹设备的两压纹辊的温度为120-160℃，压纹车速为40-100m/min；和/或
缝合处理为超声波缝合处理。
进一步地，SMS无纺布的制备包括以下步骤：
将聚丙烯原料和辅助性功能母粒混合后加热形成第一熔融态聚丙烯，将第一熔融态聚丙烯经过纺丝处理后再进行骤冷风牵伸处理，得到聚丙烯长丝，聚丙烯长丝铺成网得到纺粘层；
将聚丙烯原料加热形成第二熔融态聚丙烯，将第二熔融态聚丙烯进行热风牵伸处理，得到熔喷丝束，熔喷丝束铺成网得到熔喷层；
将熔喷层铺于两层纺粘层之间，热轧处理后，采用抗静电剂进行抗静电处理，烘干后得到SMS无纺布。
进一步地，骤冷风牵伸处理的风温为10-22℃，风机转速为500-800rpm；和/或
热风牵伸处理的风温为260-285℃，风机转速为550-800rpm。
进一步地，SMS无纺布的原料成分按重量计如下：
聚丙烯原料           78.5-89.5份
辅助性功能母粒       10-20份
抗静电剂             0.5-1.5份
进一步地，辅助性功能母粒包括弹性料和柔顺母粒，和/或
柔顺母粒包括聚丙烯均聚与共聚混合物、脂肪酸氨基衍生物、聚烯烃衍生物、塑料分散剂中的一种或多种，和/或
抗静电剂包括烷氧基脂肪酸和/或有机改良聚二甲硅氧烷。
本申请第一方面提供的棉被，采用SMS无纺布和/或熔喷布作为棉被原材料，具有蓬松、柔软、亲肤的效果，保温值高，具有良好的抗静电性和弹性韧性，与传统的棉花被褥相比，不起毛掉屑，而且重量轻并且被子薄，同时又具有良好的保温效果，同时此棉被折叠后体积小，携带方便，特别适合出差、家庭旅行或医院病人一次性使用，也可用作飞机毯，干净卫生避免交叉感染，此外，此棉被还可以清洗多次循环使用，经济环保。
本申请第二方面提供的棉被的制备方法，与传统的棉花被褥的生产工艺相比，此棉被的生产工艺二氧化碳排放量大大减少，实用经济且更环保，生产成本低，采用SMS无纺布，比传统的棉花被褥均匀性更高，具有更好的弹性和韧性，不起毛掉屑，而且重量轻并且被子薄，同时又具有良好的保温效果，使用起来干净卫生。
 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本申请实施例提供的棉被的层间结构示意图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的SMS无纺布的层间结构示意图；
图3是本申请实施例提供的SMS无纺布的打孔压纹示意图，其中，图3（a）是防滑层的压纹示意图，图3（b）是保温透气层的打孔压纹示意图。
 本发明的实施方式
为了使本申请要解决的技术问题、技术方案及有益效果更加清楚明白，以下结合实施例，对本申请进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本申请，并不用于限定本申请。
本申请中，术语“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B的情况。其中A，B可以是单数或者复数。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
本申请中，“至少一个”是指一个或者多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“以下至少一项(个)”或其类似表达，是指的这些项中的任意组合，包括单项（个）或复数项（个）的任意组合。例如，“a，b或c中的至少一项（个）”，或，“a，b和c中的至少一项（个）”，均可以表示：a，b，c，a-b（即a和b），a-c，b-c，或a-b-c，其中a，b，c分别可以是单个，也可以是多个。
应理解，在本申请的各种实施例中，上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，部分或全部步骤可以并行执行或先后执行，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本申请实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。
在本申请实施例中使用的术语是仅仅出于描述特定实施例的目的，而非旨在限制本申请。在本申请实施例和所附权利要求书中所使用的单数形式的“一种”和“该”也旨在包括多数形式，除非上下文清楚地表示其他含义。
本申请实施例说明书中所提到的相关成分的重量不仅仅可以指代各组分的具体含量，也可以表示各组分间重量的比例关系，因此，只要是按照本申请实施例说明书相关组分的含量按比例放大或缩小均在本申请实施例说明书公开的范围之内。具体地，本申请实施例说明书中的质量可以是µg、mg、g、kg等化工领域公知的质量单位。
术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，用来将目的如物质彼此区分开，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。例如，在不脱离本申请实施例范围的情况下，第一XX也可以被称为第二XX，类似地，第二XX也可以被称为第一XX。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。
术语“S层”表示无纺布中的纺粘层；术语“M层”表示无纺布中的熔喷层。
本申请实施例第一方面提供一种棉被，棉被包括两层防滑层和设于两层防滑层之间的保温透气层，其中，保温透气层采用SMS无纺布和/或熔喷布。
在本申请的实施例中，防滑层为SMS无纺布，SMS无纺布是一种复合无纺布，包括依次层叠的两层纺粘层和设于两层纺粘层之间的熔喷层，其中，纺粘层即为S层，熔喷层即为M层，需要说明的是，两S层之间的M层的层数包括但不限于一层，还可以是两层、三层或者更多层，可根据生产需要进行调整。
本实施例提供的棉被采用SMS无纺布和/或熔喷布制成，具有蓬松、柔软、亲肤的效果，保温值高，具有良好的抗静电性，不会有静电产生，具有良好的弹性韧性，不起毛掉屑，而且重量轻并且被子薄，同时又具有良好的保温效果，使用起来干净卫生，特别适合医院病人一次性使用，避免不同病人使用同一棉被造成的交叉感染，同时此棉被折叠起来体积很小（A4纸大小5CM厚）携带方便，特别适合出差或者是家庭旅行，作为一次性棉被，也可用作飞机毯，干净卫生，可避免普通棉被反复使用造成的细菌感染，此外，此棉被还可以清洗（普通的棉被只能清洗被套，此棉被是全部可以清洗的），手洗机洗都可以，也可多次循环使用，经济环保。
在本申请的实施例中，防滑层一表面设有若干第一凸起，且第一凸起与保温透气层置，第一凸起的形状包括但不限于圆形、方形、菱形、六边形等多边形，在本申请的具体实施例中，第一凸起的形状优选为圆形，第一凸起的设置可以增大防滑层和保温透气层之间的摩擦力，进一步提高防滑层和保温透气层之间的结合度，使得棉被整体更具有均匀性，进一步地，第一凸起四周还可设置若干通孔，有助于增加防滑层的透气性；
在本申请的实施例中，保温透气层的一表面设有若干第二凸起，且第二凸起四周分布有若干通孔，第二凸起的形状包括但不限于圆形、方形、菱形、六边形等多边形，第二凸起的设置可以增大保温透气层与保温透气层或防滑层之间的摩擦力，进一步提高保温透气层防滑层和之间的结合度，使得棉被整体更具有均匀性；通孔的形状包括但不限于圆形、方形、菱形、六边形等多边形，通孔的设置可以进一步增加保温透气层的透气性。
在本申请的实施例中，通孔的孔径为0.7-1.3mm，保温透气层表面的每个第二凸起四周均匀分布有4-8个通孔，此种凸起和通孔的压纹射击，有效增大了棉被的柔软度、蓬松感和透气性，孔径大小适，在保证透气性的同时保证了棉被的强度，通孔过大过多棉被强度下降，使用过程中拉扯时容易损坏。
在本申请的实施例中，保温透气层可以是至少一层，如可以为1-4层，保温透气层为多层时，每层保温透气层上均设有第二凸起和通孔，每两层保温透气层具有凸起的一面可以是相对也可以是相背离，每层防滑层厚度为0.45-0.65mm，每层保温透气层厚度0.55-2.36mm，在充分保证棉被的保温性能的同时，使得棉被整体不会过于厚重，折叠后棉被体积重量小，方便携带。
本申请第二方面提供一种棉被的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
制备SMS无纺布，对SMS无纺布进行压纹和打孔处理，得到保温透气层，和/或
制备熔喷布，得到保温透气层；
将保温透气层层叠于两防滑层之间，形成夹层结构，缝合处理得到棉被。
在本申请的实施例中，防滑层为进行压纹处理后的SMS无纺布，防滑层朝向保温透气层的一表面有若干第一凸起，增大与保温透气层之间的摩擦力，使得棉被整体更加均匀。
本申请提供的棉被的制备方法，与传统的棉花被褥的生产工艺相比，此棉被的生产工艺二氧化碳排放量大大减少，实用经济且更环保，生产成本低，采用SMS无纺布，比传统的棉花被褥均匀性更高，具有更好的弹性和韧性，不起毛掉屑，而且重量轻并且被子薄，对SMS进行压纹和打孔处理，使得棉被在具有良好的保温效果同时，更具蓬松感和透气性，使用起来干净卫生。
在本申请的实施例中，压纹和打孔处理时，打孔压纹设备的两压纹辊的温度为120-160℃，压纹车速为40-100m/min，对SMS无纺布进行压纹处理，在本申请的具体实施例中，在SMS无纺布一表面压出第一凸起形成防滑层，在SMS无纺布一表面压出第二凸起和通孔形成保温透气层，温度过低，压纹不清晰。
在本申请的实施例中，缝合处理为超声波缝合处理、车缝合处理或丝线缝合处理中的一种或多种，在本申请的具体实施例中，优选为超声波缝合处理，利用超声波产生的高频率振荡由焊接头将声波传送至工作物熔接面，瞬间使工作物分子产生摩擦，达到熔点，使材料迅速软化热粘合，从而完成材料的焊接缝合，无需额外的用丝线缝合，与丝线缝合处理相比，超声波无线缝合处理的质量更轻；此外，在不影响棉被的缝合强度的情况下，采用超声波无线缝合，具有更出色的拉伸恢复性和柔软度；再者，由于超声波缝合处理后的棉被各层之间是粘合的，没有针孔，所以采用超声波缝合技术缝合的棉被具有更好的防风性和保暖性；此外超声波缝合技术不需要针、线、溶剂、粘合剂或机械紧固件，缝合速度没有限制，也不必担心需要重新穿梭梭芯或更换线轴，大大节约了缝合成本和生产效率。
在本申请的实施例中，无纺布为SMS无纺布，SMS无纺布的制备包括以下步骤：
将聚丙烯原料和辅助性功能母粒混合后加热形成第一熔融态聚丙烯，将第一熔融态聚丙烯经过纺丝处理后再进行骤冷风牵伸处理，得到聚丙烯长丝，聚丙烯长丝铺成网得到纺粘层，即S层；
将聚丙烯原料加热形成第二熔融态聚丙烯，将第二熔融态聚丙烯进行热风牵伸处理，得到熔喷丝束，熔喷丝束铺成网得到熔喷层，即熔喷层；
将熔喷层铺于两层纺粘层之间，热轧处理后，采用抗静电剂进行抗静电处理，烘干后得到SMS无纺布。
在本申请的实施例中，熔喷布的制备步骤包括：将聚丙烯原料和辅助性功能母粒混合后加热形成第一熔融态聚丙烯，将第一熔融态聚丙烯进行高压热风牵伸处理，得到熔喷丝束，将熔喷丝束铺成网后得到熔喷布。
需要说明的是，加热形成熔融态聚丙烯时的加热温度为180-240℃，温度过高聚丙烯会碳化，温度过低聚丙烯熔融不充分；熔融态聚丙烯的熔融指数为1500±100g/10min，具有极高的流动性，易于牵拉成丝。
在本申请的实施例中，骤冷风牵伸处理的风温为10-22℃，骤冷风牵伸处理使用的风机转速为500-800rpm，使得熔融态聚丙烯得到均匀快速冷却形成聚丙烯长丝，从而使得聚丙烯长丝外表面的弹性小分子和柔顺母粒分子薄层较好的保存下来，使得聚丙烯长丝具有更好的弹性和柔软度。
在本申请的实施例中，热风牵伸处理的风温为260-285℃，风机转速为550-800rpm，将熔融态聚丙烯牵伸形成熔喷丝束，熔喷丝束在铺网时排列得更加均匀，还使得熔喷丝束的纤维更细，提高无纺布的断裂强度以及柔软性，无纺布的力学强度得到提高。
在本申请的实施例中，SMS无纺布的原料成分按重量计如下：
聚丙烯原料           78.5-89.5份
辅助性功能母粒       10-20份
抗静电剂             0.5-1.5份
需要说明的是，辅助性功能母粒加入量过高SMS无纺布的布面会太软太滑，加入量过低布面太硬手感粗糙。
在本申请的实施例中，辅助性功能母粒包括弹性料和柔顺母粒，弹性料和柔顺母粒按照重量计比例为25:6；其中柔顺母粒包括聚丙烯均聚与共聚混合物、脂肪酸氨基衍生物、聚烯烃衍生物、塑料分散剂中的一种或多种在本申请的具体实施例中，柔顺母粒成分配比按重量计如下：聚丙烯均聚与共聚混合物60.5%，脂肪酸氨基衍生物22.5%，聚烯烃衍生物15%，塑料分散剂2%，采用此种配比，使得SMS无纺布具有优良的弹性和柔软度。
在本申请的实施例中，抗静电剂包括烷氧基脂肪酸和/或有机改良聚二甲硅氧烷，在本申请的具体实施例中，抗静电剂的成分配比按重量计如下：烷氧基脂肪酸＞50%，有机改良聚二甲硅氧烷10-25%，添加剂1-5%，水1-5%，采用此配方的抗静电剂，具有良好的抗静电性，不会有静电产生，具有良好的弹性韧性，不起毛掉屑。
为使本申请上述实施细节和操作能清楚地被本领域技术人员理解，以及本申请实施例棉被及其制备方法的进步性能显著的体现，以下通过实施例来举例说明上述技术方案。
实施例1：
制备SMS无纺布的工艺如下：聚丙烯原料+辅助性功能母粒→熔融→过滤→计量泵→纺丝→冷却→气流牵伸→铺网→热轧→加抗静电剂及烘干→收卷和分切→包装。
具体地，S层（纺粘层）通过步骤制得：在聚丙烯PP中加入10-20%的辅助性功能母粒混合，辅助性功能母粒包括弹性料和柔顺母粒，弹性料和柔顺母粒比例为25:6，柔顺母粒成份由以下几种组成：聚丙烯均聚与共聚混合物60.5%，脂肪酸氨基衍生物22.5%，聚烯烃衍生物15%，塑料分散剂2%，经过挤出机加热升温180-240℃熔融成流动的熔融态聚丙烯，通过过滤器过滤，之后通过计量泵和纺丝组件纺丝并经过骤冷风冷却，其中，计量泵泵速为5.3-15rpm,温度235-272℃，冷风温度控制在10-22℃之间，再经过气流大小500-800rpm的气流牵伸成丝粗细大小为15-30um聚丙烯长丝，铺成网在网帘上；
M层（熔喷层）通过以下步骤制得：选取熔体流动性高（熔融指数为1500±100g/10min）的熔融态聚丙烯，通过挤出机、模头在高温高压下，牵伸风风温260-285℃，热风牵伸风机转速为550-800rpm的气体条件下吹出熔喷丝束，再铺成网覆盖在前面铺好的S层纺粘无纺布上面；
在M层（熔喷层）上再铺一层S层（纺粘层），经过热轧机轧辊热轧，轧辊温度：上辊130℃，下辊128℃，再通过上液辊对布面进行抗静电处理，加入0.5-1.5%的抗静电剂，烘干后收卷分卷再包装，就制成了SMS无纺布。
利用上述生成的SMS纺粘抗静电无纺布在打孔压纹生产设备上对布面进行打孔压纹，打两种纹路的产品：一种是有凸起无通孔，一种是有凸起和通孔，每个凸起四周均匀分布六个通孔，孔径为0.7～1.3mm，打孔压纹其两压纹辊的温度为120-160℃之间，压纹车速为40-100m/min。
利用上述生成的抗静电打孔压纹的SMS无纺布进行超声波缝合加工，选用两层有凸起无通孔的SMS无纺布作为防滑层，1-4层有凸起和通孔的SMS无纺布作为保温透气层，其压纹点凸起面（也称正面），将保温透气层层叠于两防滑层之间，两层有凸起无通孔的SMS无纺布放在多层有凸起和通孔的SMS无纺布的两外侧，且正面朝里，形成夹层结构，缝合处理得到棉被。
制备的棉被总厚度1.76mm，透气度377.42mm/s，保温性能0.0517㎡.k/w，柔软度15.12mg/cm，弹性80%。
实施例2：
改变制备的SMS无纺布的厚度，其余步骤同实施例1，制备的棉被总厚度1.71mm，透气度349.98mm/s，保温性能0.0824㎡.k/w，柔软度15.42mg/cm，弹性80%。
实施例3：
改变制备的SMS无纺布的厚度，其余步骤同实施例1，制备的棉被总厚度2.51mm，透气度344.52mm/s，保温性能0.131㎡.k/w，柔软度21.56mg/cm，弹性90%。
实施例4：
改变制备的SMS无纺布的厚度，其余步骤同实施例1，制备的棉被总厚度2.30mm，透气度327.29mm/s，保温性能0.150㎡.k/w，柔软度20.25mg/cm，弹性90%。
实施例5：
制备SMS无纺布的工艺同实施例1，防滑层和保温透气层均选用有凸起和通孔的SMS无纺布，将保温透气层层叠于两防滑层之间，即4层有凸起和通孔的SMS无纺布层叠，且两外侧的SMS无纺布正面朝里，形成夹层结构，缝合处理得到棉被。
制备的棉被总厚度2.05mm，透气度282.35mm/s，保温性能0.135㎡.k/w，柔软度21.22mg/cm，弹性90%。
实施例6：
制备SMS无纺布的工艺同实施例1；
制备熔喷布：将聚丙烯原料和辅助性功能母粒混合后加热形成熔融态聚丙烯；
选取熔体流动性高的熔融态聚丙烯，在挤出机组、模头在高温高压的气体条件下对熔融态聚丙烯进行高压热风牵伸处理，得到熔喷丝束，熔喷丝束铺成网后得到熔喷布，热风牵伸处理的空气速度为450-800rpm，其牵伸风风温260℃-285℃。
防滑层选用有凸起和通孔的SMS无纺布，保温透气层选用熔喷布；
将保温透气层层叠于两防滑层之间，即两层有凸起和通孔的SMS无纺布放在熔喷布的两外侧，且正面朝里，形成夹层结构，缝合处理得到棉被。
制备的棉被总厚度2.45mm，透气度200.66mm/s，保温性能0.180㎡.k/w，柔软度19.23mg/cm，弹性90%。
表1.不同厚度棉被的各项性能参数
实施例 厚度 （mm） 保温透气层层数 透气度(mm/s) 保温性能(㎡.k/w) 柔软度（mg/cm） 弹性（%）
1 1.76 1 377.42 0.0517 15.12 80
2 1.71 1 349.98 0.0824 15.42 80
3 2.51 2 344.52 0.131 21.56 90
4 2.30 2 327.29 0.150 20.25 90
5 2.05 2 282.35 0.135 21.22 90
6 2.45 2 200.66 0.180 19.23 90
以上所述仅为本申请的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本申请，凡在本申请的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种棉被，其特征在于，所述棉被包括两层防滑层和设于两层所述防滑层之间保温透气层，其中，所述保温透气层采用SMS无纺布和/或熔喷布。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的棉被，其特征在于，所述防滑层为SMS无纺布。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的棉被，其特征在于，所述防滑层一表面设有若干第一凸起，且所述第一凸起与所述保温透气层相对设置；和/或
    所述保温透气层一表面设有若干第二凸起，且所述第二凸起四周分布有若干通孔。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的棉被，其特征在于，所述通孔的孔径为0.7-1.3mm，和/或
    所述保温透气层表面的每个所述第二凸起四周均匀分布有4-8个通孔。
  5. 一种棉被的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    制备SMS无纺布，对所述SMS无纺布进行压纹和打孔处理，得到保温透气层，
    和/或，制备熔喷布，得到保温透气层；
    将所述保温透气层层叠于两防滑层之间，形成夹层结构，缝合处理得到棉被。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的棉被的制备方法，其特征在于，所述压纹和打孔处理时，打孔压纹设备的两压纹辊的温度为120-160℃，压纹车速为40-100m/min；和/或
    所述缝合处理为超声波缝合处理。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的棉被的制备方法，其特征在于，所述SMS无纺布的制备包括以下步骤：
    将聚丙烯原料和辅助性功能母粒混合后加热形成第一熔融态聚丙烯，将所述第一熔融态聚丙烯经过纺丝处理后再进行骤冷风牵伸处理，得到聚丙烯长丝，所述聚丙烯长丝铺成网得到纺粘层；
    将聚丙烯原料加热形成第二熔融态聚丙烯，将所述第二熔融态聚丙烯进行热风牵伸处理，得到熔喷丝束，所述熔喷丝束铺成网得到熔喷层；
    将所述熔喷层铺于两层所述纺粘层之间，热轧处理后，采用抗静电剂进行抗静电处理，烘干后得到所述SMS无纺布。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的棉被的制备方法，其特征在于，所述骤冷风牵伸处理的风温为10-22℃，风机转速为500-800rpm；和/或
    所述热风牵伸处理的风温为260-285℃，风机转速为550-800rpm。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的棉被的制备方法，其特征在于，所述SMS无纺布的原料成分按重量计如下：
    聚丙烯原料           78.5-89.5份；
    辅助性功能母粒       10-20份；
    抗静电剂             0.5-1.5份。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的棉被的制备方法，其特征在于，所述辅助性功能母粒包括弹性料和柔顺母粒，和/或
    所述柔顺母粒包括聚丙烯均聚与共聚混合物、脂肪酸氨基衍生物、聚烯烃衍生物、塑料分散剂中的一种或多种，和/或
    所述抗静电剂包括烷氧基脂肪酸和/或有机改良聚二甲硅氧烷。
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CN113997667B (zh) * 2021-10-28 2023-05-23 国桥实业(深圳)有限公司 一种棉被及其制备方法
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