WO2023066018A1 - 一种米勒循环柴油机低温环境起动控制方法 - Google Patents

一种米勒循环柴油机低温环境起动控制方法 Download PDF

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WO2023066018A1
WO2023066018A1 PCT/CN2022/123324 CN2022123324W WO2023066018A1 WO 2023066018 A1 WO2023066018 A1 WO 2023066018A1 CN 2022123324 W CN2022123324 W CN 2022123324W WO 2023066018 A1 WO2023066018 A1 WO 2023066018A1
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diesel engine
temperature
low
miller cycle
speed
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PCT/CN2022/123324
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English (en)
French (fr)
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张健
管明华
姚琦
谭博文
姜昭禹
王孝峰
李刚
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中车大连机车车辆有限公司
大连中车柴油机有限公司
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Publication of WO2023066018A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023066018A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
    • F02D41/06—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up
    • F02D41/062—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up for starting
    • F02D41/064—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up for starting at cold start
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
    • F02D41/08—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for idling
    • F02D41/086—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for idling taking into account the temperature of the engine
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • the invention relates to the field of diesel engines, in particular to a start-up control method for a Miller cycle diesel engine in a low-temperature environment.
  • the Miller cycle controls the engine load by changing the closing angle of the intake valve, which has the advantages of reducing the combustion temperature in the cylinder, reducing the heat load, and reducing NOx emissions. Therefore, the Miller cycle has become an essential design for modern diesel engines. However, the Miller cycle also has corresponding disadvantages, especially the difficulty in starting the diesel engine in a low temperature environment, which is an important problem that the diesel engine must face.
  • the intake air volume of the diesel engine is low, the pressure and temperature at the end of compression are low, and the fuel injected into the combustion chamber is not easy to burn and ignite, which makes it difficult to start the diesel engine.
  • the cylinders of the multi-cylinder diesel engine work poorly, and some cylinders cannot ignite. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the amount of fuel injection and increase the number of cylinders that can ignite. Load, increased fuel consumption, and caused white smoke and other phenomena.
  • the use of the intake air heating device can effectively increase the actual intake air temperature, so that the compression end temperature and pressure in the combustion chamber can be effectively improved, thereby improving the combustion conditions and alleviating the difficulty of cold start in low temperature environments.
  • a heating device needs to be added, and the electric heating method is usually more flexible.
  • the heating and power supply before the diesel engine starts needs to be provided by the battery, which increases the load on the battery and may shorten the life of the battery; in addition, it also needs to be equipped with a corresponding control system and electrical system. Increase the cost and maintenance cost of the whole machine.
  • Document CN 103397968 A discloses a low-temperature starting method and device for a diesel engine.
  • the diesel engine is driven to run by the diesel engine starting device to warm up the engine.
  • fuel injection is started to realize the normal operation of the diesel engine.
  • the driving device may be required to provide driving capability for a long time, and there are relatively strict requirements for compressed air or starting batteries.
  • the subsidiary system is more complicated and huge. Simultaneously, the long-term operation of the starting device is also unfavorable for the service life of the auxiliary system.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a Miller cycle diesel engine startup control method in low temperature environment, using the existing diesel engine control system, fuel system, electrical system, by adjusting the startup control process, to solve the problem of Miller cycle diesel engine Difficulty starting low temperature cycle engines.
  • a Miller cycle diesel engine startup control method in low temperature environment After the diesel engine is started, the running speed of the diesel engine is maintained at the set idle speed for a predetermined time or after the temperature of the coolant of the diesel engine reaches a predetermined state, and the diesel engine is controlled by an electronic injection controller. Normal idle state.
  • the set idle speed is determined according to the curve between the idle speed of the diesel engine and the temperature of the coolant.
  • step a in the case of different coolant temperatures, record the curves of the intake pressure and the number of firing cylinders that vary with the speed of the diesel engine during the process from starting the diesel engine to the normal idling state of the diesel engine;
  • Step b is to determine the curve of the set idle speed and coolant temperature of the diesel engine according to the curve of the number of firing cylinders.
  • the Miller cycle diesel engine low temperature environment start control method of the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • Step 1 collect the current coolant temperature, and determine the set idle speed based on the current coolant temperature
  • Step 2 maintaining the running speed of the diesel engine at the set idle speed
  • Step 3 record the running time of the diesel engine, and/or, detect the current coolant temperature
  • Step 4 when the running time of the diesel engine is greater than a predetermined value, and/or when the current coolant temperature is greater than a predetermined temperature, the idling speed of the diesel engine is set to a normal idling speed.
  • the predetermined temperature is the lowest coolant temperature that satisfies ignition of all cylinders.
  • the predetermined value is the time required for the temperature of the coolant of the diesel engine to reach a state where the normal idling speed can be maintained.
  • the set idle speed is lower than the normal idle speed.
  • the electronic fuel injection controller is used to control the diesel engine speed to the set idle speed.
  • a Miller cycle diesel engine start control system in low temperature environment which is controlled by the above-mentioned Miller cycle diesel engine start control method in low temperature environment.
  • a diesel engine includes the above-mentioned Miller cycle diesel engine low-temperature environment start control system.
  • the Miller cycle diesel engine starting control method in low temperature environment provided by the present invention, after the starting command is issued, the diesel engine starts the process normally in real time, and immediately performs fuel injection, compares the temperature of the coolant and the running time, controls the actual idle speed, and realizes it through the low idle speed
  • the diesel engine ignites and runs stably. It can alleviate the problem of difficult cold start of Miller cycle diesel engine in low temperature environment, improve the stability of Miller cycle diesel engine idling operation in low temperature environment, alleviate the problem of white smoke and combustion instability of Miller cycle diesel engine in low temperature environment, and improve the The Le cycle diesel engine starts the warm-up process in a low temperature environment.
  • Fig. 1 shows the schematic flow chart of Miller cycle diesel engine low temperature environment starting control method of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 shows the inlet pressure, the number of firing cylinders curves that vary with the diesel engine speed of the Miller cycle diesel engine low temperature environment start control method of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 shows the curve of the idle speed and coolant temperature of the diesel engine of Miller cycle diesel engine low-temperature environment starting control method of the present invention
  • Fig. 4 shows the curve of the idling speed and running time of the diesel engine of Miller cycle diesel engine low temperature environment starting control method of the present invention
  • Fig. 5 shows the control logic diagram of Miller cycle diesel engine low-temperature environment starting control method of the present invention
  • Fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of the control flow of the Miller cycle diesel engine startup control method in low temperature environment of the present invention.
  • the Miller cycle diesel engine startup control method in the low temperature environment provided by the present invention includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 collect the current coolant temperature TC, and determine the set idle speed based on the current coolant temperature TC;
  • Step 2 maintaining the running speed of the diesel engine at the set idle speed
  • Step 3 recording the running time Trun of the diesel engine, and/or detecting the current coolant temperature TC;
  • Step 4 when the running time Trun of the diesel engine is greater than a predetermined value, and/or when the current coolant temperature TC is greater than a predetermined temperature, the idling speed of the diesel engine is set to a normal idling speed.
  • the preset value in step 4 is the time required for the coolant temperature of the diesel engine to reach a state capable of maintaining a normal idling speed, and the preset temperature is the minimum coolant temperature TC1 that satisfies ignition of all cylinders.
  • the set idle speed is lower than the normal idle speed, and is the highest speed that can satisfy the ignition of all cylinders.
  • the set idle speed is determined according to the idle speed and coolant temperature curve of the diesel engine, and the idle speed and coolant temperature curve of the diesel engine are obtained through the following steps:
  • step a in the case of different coolant temperatures, record the intake pressure P and the number of firing cylinders N curves that vary with the diesel engine speed during the diesel engine startup to the normal idling state of the diesel engine;
  • Step b is to determine the curve of the set idle speed of the diesel engine and the temperature of the coolant TC according to the curve of the number of firing cylinders N.
  • the Miller cycle diesel engine start-up control method in low-temperature environment of the present invention under the condition of making full use of the existing control system, fuel system, and electrical system of the diesel engine, only upgrades the control algorithm and process, which can alleviate the difficulty of cold start in low-temperature environment The problem.
  • the low-temperature environment start control method of the Miller cycle diesel engine of the present invention can further improve the cold start performance of the diesel engine adopting a common rail fuel system if multiple injections are used.
  • the Miller cycle diesel engine start control system in low temperature environment can be controlled by the Miller cycle diesel engine start control method in low temperature environment of the present invention.
  • the control system is usually used to control the diesel engine speed to directly rise to the first idle speed Nidle0 to complete the start-up process.
  • the intake pressure P will decrease gradually and in stages with the increase of the diesel engine speed.
  • N0 the total number of working cylinders
  • N1 is the minimum number of firing cylinders that can maintain the running performance of the diesel engine.
  • the starting control system of the miller cycle diesel engine in the low temperature environment of the present invention can be an electronic injection controller.
  • the idling speed of the diesel engine is directly controlled to the second idling speed Nidle1 through the control system, and the operation is maintained. At this time, the operation of the diesel engine and stable combustion in the cylinder can be maintained, thereby realizing gradual warm-up.
  • the implementation process of the Miller cycle diesel engine low temperature environment start control method of the present invention on the D180-16 type diesel engine is as follows: after the diesel engine is started, the operating speed of the diesel engine is maintained at the set idle speed for a predetermined time or the diesel engine is cooled. After the liquid temperature TC reaches the predetermined state, the diesel engine is controlled to run at normal idle speed through the EFI controller.
  • the control flow of the EFI controller is as follows:
  • Process 1.1 after working on the EFI controller, enter the speed setting program regularly, and enter process 1.2;
  • Process 1.2 collect the current coolant temperature TC, and then enter process 1.3 or enter process 1.5;
  • Process 1.3 according to the current coolant temperature TC data, the software looks up the table, calculates the current set idle speed, and enters process 1.4;
  • Process 1.4 record the running time Trun of the diesel engine, enter process 1.6;
  • Process 1.5 judge whether the current coolant temperature TC is greater than or equal to the minimum coolant temperature TC1, if yes, the result is 1; if not, the result is 0, enter process 1.7;
  • Process 1.6 judge whether the running time Trun of the diesel engine is greater than or equal to the maximum allowable low idle running time Tmax, if yes, the result is 1; if not, the result is 0, enter process 1.7;
  • process 1.7 perform an OR operation on the judgment results of process 1.5 and process 1.6, and enter process 1.8;
  • Process 1.8 judge whether the result of process 1.7 is 1, if yes, enter process 1.9, if not, enter process 1.10;
  • Process 1.9 use the first idle speed Nidle0 as the set idle speed, enter process 1.11;
  • Process 1.10 use the second idle speed Nidle1 as the set idle speed, enter process 1.11;
  • Miller cycle diesel engine start control method in low temperature environment of the present invention utilize existing diesel engine control system, by measuring coolant temperature TC under low temperature environment, the idle speed of diesel engine, firing cylinder number N relation, by changing the idle speed by the first idle speed
  • the speed Nidle0 normal idle speed
  • Nidle1 set idle speed
  • the diesel engine provided by the invention includes a Miller cycle diesel engine low temperature environment start control system which can be controlled by a Miller cycle diesel engine low temperature environment start control method. After the starting command is issued, the diesel engine starts normally in real time, and immediately injects fuel, compares the coolant temperature TC and the running time Trun, controls the actual idle speed, and realizes stable ignition and operation of the diesel engine through a low idle speed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

一种米勒循环柴油机低温环境起动控制方法，柴油机启动后，将柴油机运行转速在设定怠速转速下维持，维持预定时间或者柴油机冷却液温度达到预定状态后，通过电喷控制器控制柴油机运行于正常怠速状态。本发明的米勒循环柴油机低温环境起动控制方法利用现有的柴油机控制***、燃油***、电气***，通过调整启动控制流程，解决米勒循环发动机的低温启动困难问题。

Description

一种米勒循环柴油机低温环境起动控制方法 技术领域
本发明涉及柴油机领域，特别是涉及一种米勒循环柴油机低温环境起动控制方法。
背景技术
随着世界范围内环保意识的增强，对于柴油机排放要求日益严格，而NOx排放物是柴油机排放物的重要组成部分。米勒循环通过改变进气门关闭角度控制发动机负荷，具有降低缸内燃烧温度，减小热负荷，降低NOx排放等优势。因此米勒循环已经成为现代柴油机必备设计。但是米勒循环同样存在相应的劣势，尤其是在低温环境下的柴油机启动困难，是柴油机必须面对的重要问题。在低温环境下，由于米勒效应的影响，柴油机进气量低，压缩终点的压力、温度低，喷射进入燃烧室的燃油不易燃烧、发火，从而造成柴油机启动困难。另外，在柴油机低转速、低负荷工作时，同样由于压缩终点的压力、温度低，造成多缸柴油机各气缸工作一致性差，部分气缸不能发火，进而需要提高燃油喷射量，增加了能够发火气缸的负荷，增加了燃油消耗，并造成冒白烟等现象。
针对米勒循环在低温环境下启动、燃烧困难的问题，出现了在燃料中添加助燃剂的方案。一般添加醚类或其他几种含氧燃料。***、丁醚、二甲氧甲烷、乙二醇二甲基醚、二乙二醇二甲基醚、三丙二醇二甲基醚等常温下为液态，能与现用常规柴油机燃料***构造相匹配，这些液态醚类物质与柴油相近的燃料性质和优越的排放性能，用作柴油机燃料具有很高的发火性能，是一类较理想的柴油机含氧燃料。国内外对于在柴油燃料中添加此类助燃剂，也已经进行过相关的研究。然而，采用助燃剂方法需要采用混合燃料，对于燃料供应需要进行全面的评估和配套设施的更新，另外 助燃剂的成本也是需要评估的重要因素。
采用进气加热装置可以有效提升实际进气温度，使得燃烧室内压缩终点温度、压力得到有效改善，从而改善燃烧条件，缓解低温环境下的冷启动困难问题。但需要增加一套加热装置，通常电加热方式较为灵活。但是需要考虑到柴油机启动前的加热供电需要蓄电池提供，提升了蓄电池的负荷，有可能缩短蓄电池寿命；另外，还需要配套相应的控制***和电气***。增加整机的成本和维护成本。
文件CN 103397968 A公开的一种柴油机低温起动方法及装置，通过柴油机启动装置拖动柴油机运转，进行暖机，当柴油机温度、实际转速满足设定的启动条件后，开始喷油，实现柴油机正常运转。但需要外部启动装置配合，并且有可能需要驱动装置长时间提供驱动能力，对于压缩空气或启动蓄电池均有较为苛刻的要求。导致附属***较为复杂、庞大。同时启动装置的长时间运行，也不利于附属***的使用寿命。
为了应对米勒循环发动机的低温启动困难问题，已经出现了一些解决措施，例如添加助燃剂、增加进气加热装置、采用多次喷射技术等。但都存在成本、可靠性、可用性等方面的问题。因此，开发一种能够平衡综合成本、性能的简化方案，已经成为提升米勒循环柴油机综合性能的当务之急。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种米勒循环柴油机低温环境起动控制方法，利用现有的柴油机控制***、燃油***、电气***，通过调整启动控制流程，解决米勒循环发动机的低温启动困难问题。
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供的技术方案是：
一种米勒循环柴油机低温环境起动控制方法，柴油机启动后，将柴油机运行转速在设定怠速转速下维持，维持预定时间或者柴油机冷却液温度达到预定状态后，通过电喷控制器控制柴油机运行于正常怠速状态。
进一步地，设定怠速转速根据柴油机的怠速转速与冷却液温度曲线确定。
进一步地，柴油机的怠速转速与冷却液温度曲线通过以下步骤获得：
步骤a在不同冷却液温度情况下，记录柴油机启动至柴油机的正常怠速状态过程中随柴油机转速变化的进气压力、发火缸数曲线；
步骤b根据发火缸数曲线，确定柴油机的设定怠速转速与冷却液温度的曲线。
进一步地，本发明的米勒循环柴油机低温环境起动控制方法包括以下步骤：
步骤1，采集当前冷却液温度，并基于当前冷却液温度，确定设定怠速转速；
步骤2，将柴油机的运行转速维持在设定怠速转速；
步骤3，记录柴油机运行时间，和/或，检测当前冷却液温度；
步骤4，当柴油机运行时间大于预定值，和/或，当前冷却液温度大于预定温度时，将柴油机的怠速转速设置为正常怠速转速。
进一步地，预定温度为满足所有气缸发火的最低冷却液温度。
进一步地，预定值为柴油机冷却液温度达到能够维持正常怠速转速的状态所需要的时间。
进一步地，设定怠速转速小于正常怠速转速。
进一步地，柴油机启动时，采用电喷控制器控制柴油机转速至设定怠速转速。
一种米勒循环柴油机低温环境起动控制***，采用上述米勒循环柴油机低温环境起动控制方法进行控制。
一种柴油机，包括上述米勒循环柴油机低温环境起动控制***。
本发明的有益效果为：
本发明提供的米勒循环柴油机低温环境起动控制方法，在启动指令下达后，柴油机实时正常启动流程，及立即进行喷油，对比冷却液温度、运行时间，控制实际怠速转速，通过低怠速转速实现柴油机稳定发火、运转。可以缓解米勒循环柴油机在低温环境下冷启动困难的问题，提升米勒循环柴油机在低温环境下怠速运转稳定性，缓解米勒循环柴油机在低温环境下冒白烟、燃烧不稳定问题，提升米勒循环柴油机在低温环境下启动暖机进程。
附图说明
图1显示本发明的米勒循环柴油机低温环境起动控制方法的流程简图；
图2显示本发明的米勒循环柴油机低温环境起动控制方法的随柴油机转速变化的进气压力、发火缸数曲线；
图3显示本发明的米勒循环柴油机低温环境起动控制方法的柴油机的怠速转速与冷却液温度的曲线；
图4显示本发明的米勒循环柴油机低温环境起动控制方法的柴油机的怠速转速与运行时间的曲线；
图5显示本发明的米勒循环柴油机低温环境起动控制方法的控制逻辑示意图；
图6显示本发明的米勒循环柴油机低温环境起动控制方法的控制流程的示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，下面结合实施例及附图，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
本发明提供的米勒循环柴油机低温环境起动控制方法，如图1所示，柴油机启动后，将柴油机运行转速在设定怠速转速下维持，维持预定时间 或者柴油机冷却液温度TC达到预定状态后，通过电喷控制器控制柴油机运行于正常怠速状态，包括以下步骤：
步骤1，采集当前冷却液温度TC，并基于当前冷却液温度TC，确定设定怠速转速；
步骤2，将柴油机的运行转速维持在设定怠速转速；
步骤3，记录柴油机运行时间Trun，和/或，检测当前冷却液温度TC；
步骤4，当柴油机运行时间Trun大于预定值，和/或，当前冷却液温度TC大于预定温度时，将柴油机的怠速转速设置为正常怠速转速。
在一实施例中，步骤4中的预定值为柴油机冷却液温度达到能够维持正常怠速转速的状态所需要的时间，预定温度为满足所有气缸发火的最低冷却液温度TC1。在又一实施例中，设定怠速转速小于正常怠速转速，且是能够满足所有气缸发火的最高转速。柴油机启动时，采用电喷控制器控制柴油机转速至设定怠速转速。
根据一实施例，设定怠速转速根据柴油机的怠速转速与冷却液温度曲线确定，柴油机的怠速转速与冷却液温度曲线通过以下步骤获得：
步骤a在不同冷却液温度情况下，记录柴油机启动至柴油机的正常怠速状态过程中随柴油机转速变化的进气压力P、发火缸数N曲线；
步骤b根据发火缸数N曲线，确定柴油机的设定怠速转速与冷却液温度TC的曲线。
本发明的米勒循环柴油机低温环境起动控制方法，在充分利用柴油机现有的控制***、燃油***、电气***的情况下，只进行控制算法、流程的升级，可以实现缓解低温环境下冷启动困难的问题。
本发明的米勒循环柴油机低温环境起动控制方法对于采用了共轨燃油***的柴油机，如果配合多次喷射则可以进一步提升冷启动性能。
本发明提供的米勒循环柴油机低温环境起动控制***，可以采用本发明的米勒循环柴油机低温环境起动控制方法进行控制。如图2所示，在柴 油机启动过程中，通常采用控制***控制柴油机转速直接升至第一怠速转速Nidle0，完成启动过程。在低温环境下，进气压力P会随着柴油机转速的提高，逐步、分阶段下降，在达到一定柴油机转速后加速下降，并在达到第一怠速转速Nidle0后趋于稳定；在柴油机启动过程中的启动瞬间，所有气缸均可实现发火，共工作缸数为N0，随着柴油机转速提高、进气压力下降，工作缸数减小至N2。其中N1为可以维持柴油机运行性能的最低发火缸数。在发火缸数N减少到最低发火缸数N1时，在实测数据图谱中可以匹配出与最低发火缸数N1对应的进气压力P1和运行第二怠速转速Nidle1。本发明的米勒循环柴油机低温环境起动控制***可以为电喷控制器。
如图5所示，在低温环境下，通过控制***直接将柴油机的怠速转速控制在第二怠速转速Nidle1，并维持运行，此时可以维持柴油机运行、气缸内稳定燃烧，从而实现逐步暖机。监控柴油机冷却液温度TC和运行时间Trun，如图3和图4所示，当冷却液温度TC达到预定温度即最低冷却液温度TC1时，通过控制***将柴油机的运行转速控制在第一怠速转速Nidle0，完成低温冷起动控制流程(注：TCmax是冷却液允许的最高温度)；或当运行时间Trun达到最大允许的低怠速运行时间Tmax时，通过控制***将柴油机的运行转速控制在第一怠速转速Nidle0，完成低温冷启动控制流程。因此通过本发明的米勒循环柴油机低温环境起动控制***根据环境温度、柴油机冷却液温度等控制柴油机的启动流程。
参照图1，本发明的米勒循环柴油机低温环境起动控制方法在D180-16型柴油机上的实施过程为，柴油机启动后，将柴油机运行转速在设定怠速转速下维持，维持预定时间或者柴油机冷却液温度TC达到预定状态后，通过电喷控制器控制柴油机运行于正常怠速状态。参照图6，电喷控制器的控制流程如下：
流程1.1，电喷控制器上工作后，定时进入转速设定程序，进入流程1.2；
流程1.2，采集当前冷却液温度TC，然后进入流程1.3或进入流程1.5；
流程1.3，根据当前冷却液温度TC数据，软件查表，计算当前的设定怠速转速，进入流程1.4；
流程1.4，记录柴油机的运行时间Trun，进入流程1.6；
流程1.5，判断当前冷却液温度TC是否大于等于最低冷却液温度TC1，如果是，则结果是1；如果否，则结果为0，进入流程1.7；
流程1.6，判断柴油机的运行时间Trun是否大于等于最大允许的低怠速运行时间Tmax，如果是，则结果为1；如果否，则结果为0，进入流程1.7；
流程1.7，对流程1.5、流程1.6的判断结果进行或运算，进入流程1.8；
流程1.8，判断流程1.7的结果是否为1，如果是，则进入流程1.9，如果否，则进入流程1.10；
流程1.9，使用第一怠速转速Nidle0为设定怠速转速，进入流程1.11；
流程1.10，使用第二怠速转速Nidle1为设定怠速转速，进入流程1.11；
流程1.11，完成本次转速设定程序。
本发明的米勒循环柴油机低温环境起动控制方法，利用现有的柴油机控制***，通过测定低温环境下冷却液温度TC、柴油机的怠速转速、发火缸数N关系，通过将怠速转速由第一怠速转速Nidle0(正常怠速转速)更改为优化的低的第二怠速转速Nidle1(设定怠速转速)，实现柴油机各气缸稳定发火，实现柴油机稳定工作，防止冒白烟。
本发明提供的柴油机，包括可以采用米勒循环柴油机低温环境起动控制方法进行控制的米勒循环柴油机低温环境起动控制***。在起动指令下达后，柴油机实时正常起动流程，及立即进行喷油，对比冷却液温度TC、运行时间Trun，控制实际怠速转速，通过低的怠速转速实现柴油机稳定发火、运转。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种米勒循环柴油机低温环境起动控制方法，其特征在于，
    柴油机启动后，将柴油机运行转速在设定怠速转速下维持，维持预定时间或者柴油机冷却液温度达到预定状态后，通过电喷控制器控制所述柴油机运行于正常怠速状态。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的米勒循环柴油机低温环境起动控制方法，其特征在于，所述设定怠速转速根据柴油机的怠速转速与冷却液温度曲线确定。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的米勒循环柴油机低温环境起动控制方法，其特征在于，所述柴油机的怠速转速与冷却液温度曲线通过以下步骤获得：
    步骤a在不同冷却液温度情况下，记录所述柴油机启动至所述柴油机的正常怠速状态过程中随所述柴油机转速变化的进气压力、发火缸数曲线；
    步骤b根据所述发火缸数曲线，确定所述柴油机的设定怠速转速与所述冷却液温度的曲线。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的米勒循环柴油机低温环境起动控制方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    步骤1，采集当前冷却液温度，并基于所述当前冷却液温度，确定设定怠速转速；
    步骤2，将所述柴油机的运行转速维持在所述设定怠速转速；
    步骤3，记录柴油机运行时间，和/或，检测当前冷却液温度；
    步骤4，当所述柴油机运行时间大于预定值，和/或，所述当前冷却液温度大于预定温度时，将所述柴油机的怠速转速设置为正常怠速转速。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的米勒循环柴油机低温环境起动控制方法，其特征在于，所述预定温度为满足所有气缸发火的最低冷却液温度。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的米勒循环柴油机低温环境起动控制方法，其特征在于，所述预定值为柴油机冷却液温度达到能够维持正常怠速转速的状态所需要的时间。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的米勒循环柴油机低温环境起动控制方法，其特征在于，所述设定怠速转速小于所述正常怠速转速。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的米勒循环柴油机低温环境起动控制方法，其特征在于，所述柴油机启动时，采用电喷控制器控制柴油机转速至设定怠速转速。
  9. 一种米勒循环柴油机低温环境起动控制***，其特征在于，采用权利要求1-8任意一项所述的方法进行控制。
  10. 一种柴油机，其特征在于，包括权利要求9所述的米勒循环柴油机低温环境起动控制***。
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