WO2023051752A1 - 基于固设式换电设备的换电站 - Google Patents

基于固设式换电设备的换电站 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023051752A1
WO2023051752A1 PCT/CN2022/123064 CN2022123064W WO2023051752A1 WO 2023051752 A1 WO2023051752 A1 WO 2023051752A1 CN 2022123064 W CN2022123064 W CN 2022123064W WO 2023051752 A1 WO2023051752 A1 WO 2023051752A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
power exchange
exchange equipment
vehicle
station based
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PCT/CN2022/123064
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
***
林彦之
曹曼
Original Assignee
奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司
上海电巴新能源科技有限公司
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Application filed by 奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司, 上海电巴新能源科技有限公司 filed Critical 奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司
Publication of WO2023051752A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023051752A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S5/00—Servicing, maintaining, repairing, or refitting of vehicles
    • B60S5/06—Supplying batteries to, or removing batteries from, vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery exchange for electric vehicles, in particular to a battery exchange station based on fixed battery exchange equipment.
  • the battery swapping station is used to replace the battery of the electric vehicle. After the electric vehicle enters the battery swapping station and is positioned reliably, the electric vehicle is replaced by the battery swapping equipment. Specifically, the battery replacement equipment (such as a battery replacement trolley) removes the battery to be replaced from the electric vehicle and places it on the battery transfer device (such as a palletizer), and then the battery transfer device transports the battery to be replaced to the charging rack; Afterwards, the battery transfer equipment takes the charged new battery from the charging rack and places it on the battery replacement equipment, and the battery replacement equipment transports the new battery to a predetermined location and installs it on the electric vehicle.
  • the battery replacement equipment such as a battery replacement trolley
  • the battery transfer device such as a palletizer
  • a battery swap station is usually equipped with only one battery swap device and a row of charging racks, resulting in insufficient battery capacity of the swap station to meet the daily demand for battery swaps, resulting in low battery swap efficiency.
  • the replacement station occupies a very large area, resulting in high construction costs.
  • the technical problem to be solved in this application is to provide a battery swapping station in order to overcome the defects in the prior art that the battery swapping station occupies a large area, the construction cost is high, and the power swapping efficiency is low.
  • a power exchange station based on fixed power exchange equipment the exchange station includes a box body, and the box body is sequentially provided with a first charging rack, power exchange equipment and a second charging rack along the length direction of the box body ;
  • the battery replacement equipment is used to remove the battery from the vehicle or install the battery on the vehicle;
  • the first charging stand and the second charging stand are located at two ends of the box.
  • the battery replacement device after the battery replacement device removes the battery to be replaced from the vehicle, and the battery to be replaced is transferred to one of the first charging rack and the second charging rack, the battery replacement device can receive charging data from the first charging rack.
  • the other one of the charging rack and the second charging rack saves the waiting time, therefore, the battery swapping station can improve the power swapping efficiency on the basis of occupying less space.
  • the single box setting reduces the floor area and the cost of building the station.
  • the double-stand configuration makes the battery capacity in the station large, which can fully meet the needs of battery replacement, and the transfer process of battery replacement equipment can be controlled flexibly.
  • the box is also provided with a driving passage for vehicles to pass through, and the driving passage extends along the width direction of the box body, and the area corresponding to the driving passage forms a parking area for the battery replacement vehicle. Replace electrician.
  • the vehicle enters or leaves the battery replacement area through the driving passage, and the battery replacement station is preset on the driving passage.
  • the battery needs to be replaced, the vehicle needs to be parked and positioned at the battery replacement station.
  • the battery can only be replaced after the vehicle reaches the preset battery replacement station through a fixed driving channel, which is conducive to orderly and reliable battery replacement.
  • Setting up a dedicated driving channel for vehicles to drive and perform battery swap operations can be constrained according to the established battery swap path to ensure that the battery swap vehicles in the swap station perform battery swaps in an orderly and controllable manner, improving the efficiency of battery swaps.
  • two driving passages for vehicles to pass through are also provided in the box body, the driving passages both extend along the width direction of the box body, and at least one of the two driving passages is located in the The outside of the first charging stand or the second charging stand.
  • the power exchange station has the ability to simultaneously exchange power for two vehicles, improving the overall power exchange efficiency of the power exchange station.
  • the driveway is located in the middle of the box along the length direction.
  • the driving channel is set in the middle of the box, so that enough space for battery transfer can be reserved on both sides, so that the batteries of the first charging rack and the second charging rack on both sides can be transferred to the battery replacement equipment , It is also convenient for the battery on the battery exchange equipment to be transferred to the first charging rack and the second charging rack on both sides, and the battery transfer path does not interfere with each other, which is conducive to further improving the battery exchange efficiency.
  • the power exchange equipment is set to be fixed at a corresponding position in the power exchange station, and the box is also equipped with a charging rack for connecting the first charging rack or the second charging rack with the A battery delivery device for battery delivery between battery swapping equipment.
  • the battery to be replaced is transported to the first charging rack or the second charging rack through the battery delivery device. shelf.
  • the battery delivery device takes out the new battery from the first charging stand or the second charging stand and transfers it to the battery replacement equipment, and the battery replacement equipment installs the battery after receiving the new battery onto the vehicle.
  • the transfer of the battery between the battery exchange equipment and the charging rack is realized through the battery delivery device, without the need to control the movement of the battery exchange equipment, the structure is simple, the control is convenient, and two batteries can be transferred at the same time, improving the efficiency of battery transfer and battery exchange.
  • the battery conveying device includes rollers, conveyor belts or double-speed chains.
  • the above-mentioned structural arrangement can realize the continuous transmission of the battery, which is beneficial to further improve the efficiency of battery replacement.
  • the two sides of the driving passage along the driving direction have partitions, and the bottom of the partitions has a through hole through which the battery conveying device is provided.
  • the partition can limit the driving range of the vehicle and prevent the equipment from being damaged in the power exchange station due to misoperation of the vehicle. That is to say, the partition can restrict the driving space and protect the equipment in the station.
  • the power exchange equipment includes a bearing portion for carrying batteries
  • the battery conveying device includes a second battery extending from both sides of the power exchange equipment toward the first charging rack and the second charging rack, respectively.
  • a conveying unit and a second conveying unit, the bearing part is kept aligned when the battery is picked up from the first conveying unit or the second conveying unit.
  • the carrying part is kept aligned when the battery is obtained from the first conveying unit or the second conveying unit, which is conducive to the reliable and relatively labor-saving transfer of the battery from the battery conveying device to the power exchange equipment, and therefore, is also conducive to Further improve the power exchange efficiency.
  • the battery interaction between the battery exchange equipment and the first delivery unit or the second delivery unit is realized through the bearing part, which facilitates battery transfer and improves transfer efficiency.
  • the power exchange device has a conveying mechanism for conveying batteries between the first conveying unit or the second conveying unit.
  • the battery conveying device is a conveying structure extending from the first charging rack to the second charging rack, and passes above the battery replacement equipment, and the bearing part has A recess for receiving the battery delivery device.
  • the battery conveying device extends from the first charging stand to the second charging stand, that is to say, the first charging stand and the second charging stand share an integral battery conveying device, and the groove and the battery conveying device Cooperating, the transfer of the battery between the battery conveying device and the carrying part can be realized.
  • the battery swapping equipment is configured to be able to walk, and it goes back and forth between the first charging rack or the second charging rack and the battery swapping station to replace the battery of the battery swapping vehicle.
  • the battery replacement equipment replaces the battery of the battery replacement vehicle by walking back and forth between the first charging rack or the second charging rack and the battery replacement station, which is beneficial to simplify the structure of the battery replacement station.
  • the power swapping device includes a bearing part and a lifting mechanism, the bearing part is used to carry the battery, and the lifting mechanism is arranged below the bearing part to drive the bearing part up and down.
  • the lifting mechanism is used to realize the bearing part approaching or moving away from the vehicle, thereby realizing the installation and removal of the battery and the battery transfer between the battery delivery device.
  • a monitoring room is further provided in the box, and the monitoring room is located at a position corresponding to the main driving side of the vehicle.
  • partitions on both sides of the driving passage along the driving direction, and an electrical cabinet is also provided in the box, and the electrical cabinet is located between the partition and the first charging rack or the second charging rack. between.
  • the battery changing device is used to remove the battery from the bottom of the vehicle or install the battery to the bottom of the vehicle.
  • the battery swapping station based on fixed-mounted battery swapping equipment, after the battery swapping equipment removes the battery to be replaced from the vehicle, and the battery to be replaced is transferred to one of the first charging rack and the second charging rack,
  • the power exchange equipment can receive from the other one of the first charging rack and the second charging rack, which saves the waiting time. Therefore, the power exchange station can improve the power exchange efficiency on the basis of occupying less space.
  • the single box setting reduces the floor area and the cost of building the station.
  • the double-stand configuration makes the battery capacity in the station large, which can fully meet the needs of battery replacement, and the transfer process of battery replacement equipment can be controlled flexibly.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a power exchange station based on fixed power exchange equipment according to a preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a power exchange station based on fixed power exchange equipment according to a preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of another part of a power exchange station based on a fixed power exchange equipment according to a preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of another part of a power exchange station based on a fixed power exchange equipment according to a preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • the first charging stand 20 The first charging stand 20
  • the exchange station includes a box body 10 in which first The charging stand 20 , the power exchange device 30 and the second charging stand 40 .
  • the battery swapping device 30 is used for removing the battery from the vehicle or installing the battery on the vehicle.
  • the first charging stand 20 and the second charging stand 40 are located at two ends of the box body 10 .
  • the single box setting reduces the floor area and the cost of building a station.
  • the double racks (the first charging rack 20 and the second charging rack 40) are set up, so that the battery capacity in the station is large, which can fully meet the needs of battery swapping, and the transfer process of the battery swapping equipment can be controlled flexibly.
  • the battery replacement device 30 after the battery replacement device 30 removes the battery to be replaced from the vehicle, and the battery to be replaced is transferred to one of the first charging rack 20 and the second charging rack 40, the battery replacement device 30 can Receiving from the other one of the first charging stand 20 and the second charging stand 40 saves the waiting time, therefore, the power exchange station can improve the power exchange efficiency on the basis of occupying less space.
  • a driveway 50 for vehicles to pass is also provided in the box body 10, and the driveway 50 extends along the width direction of the box body 10, and the corresponding area of the driveway 50
  • a battery exchange station is formed inside for battery exchange vehicles to be parked for battery replacement.
  • the vehicle enters or leaves the battery replacement area through the driving passage 50, and a battery replacement station is preset on the driving passage 50.
  • a battery replacement station is preset on the driving passage 50.
  • the vehicle needs to be parked and positioned at the battery replacement station.
  • the vehicle can only exchange electricity after arriving at the preset electric exchange station through the fixed driving passage 50, which is conducive to orderly and reliable electric exchange.
  • Setting up a dedicated driving channel 50 for the vehicles to drive and perform battery swapping operations can be constrained according to the established battery swapping path, ensuring orderly and controllable battery swapping by the swapping vehicles in the swapping station, and improving the efficiency of battery swapping.
  • the box body 10 is also provided with two driving passages 50 for vehicles to pass through.
  • the driving passages 50 extend along the width direction of the box body 10, and at least one of the two driving passages 50 is located at The outside of the first charging stand 20 or the second charging stand 40 .
  • the driving channel 50 is located outside the first charging rack 20 or the second charging rack 40, so that the driving of the vehicle and the transfer of the battery in the charging rack will not interact with each other, which is conducive to further improving the reliability and safety of battery replacement. .
  • the power exchange station has the ability to simultaneously exchange power for two vehicles, thereby improving the overall power exchange efficiency of the power exchange station.
  • the driveway 50 is located in the middle of the box body 10 along the length direction.
  • the driving channel 50 is set in the middle of the box body 10, so that both sides can reserve enough space for battery transfer, so that the batteries of the first charging rack 20 and the second charging rack 40 on both sides can be transferred to the power exchange station.
  • the device 30 also facilitates the transfer of the batteries on the battery replacement device 30 to the first charging rack 20 and the second charging rack 40 on both sides.
  • the battery transfer paths do not interfere with each other, which is conducive to further improving the power exchange efficiency.
  • the battery swapping device 30 can be set at the battery swapping station, and the battery transfer device 70 can realize the transfer of the battery between the battery swapping device 30 and the first charging stand 20 or the second charging stand 40 .
  • the battery swapping device 30 can also be configured as a walkable structure. It will be explained in detail below.
  • the power exchange equipment 30 is set to be fixed at a corresponding position in the power exchange station, and the box body 10 is also equipped with a charging rack 20 or a second charging rack 40 for connecting with the battery exchange station.
  • the battery exchange equipment 30 is set on the battery exchange station, and the battery transfer between the first charging stand 20 or the second charging stand 40 and the battery exchange equipment 30 is realized by the movement of the battery delivery device 70 .
  • the battery replacement device 30 removes the battery to be replaced from the vehicle, and the battery to be replaced is transported to the first charging stand 20 or the second charging rack 20 through the battery delivery device 70 .
  • the battery delivery device 70 takes out the new battery from the first charging rack 20 or the second charging rack 40 and transfers it to the power changing equipment 30, and the power changing equipment 30 is to receive the new battery. Install the battery to the vehicle after installing the battery.
  • the transfer of the battery between the battery exchange equipment and the charging rack is realized through the battery delivery device, without the need to control the movement of the battery exchange equipment, the structure is simple, the control is convenient, and two batteries can be transferred at the same time, improving the efficiency of battery transfer and battery exchange.
  • the battery conveying device 70 may be configured as a structure including rollers, conveyor belts or double-speed chains.
  • the battery conveying device 70 includes a double-speed chain battery transmission line
  • the double-speed chain can refer to a material conveying machine that uses a chain as a traction and a carrier, and belongs to a kind of conveyor. Conveying bulky items.
  • the battery to be replaced or a new battery can be directly transported between the charging stand and the battery replacement device 30 on the double-speed chain battery transmission line.
  • This solution does not need to set up battery-swapping trolleys and tracks, reduces electronic control components, greatly reduces costs, and simplifies the control process at the same time.
  • the double-speed chain battery transmission line has a simple structure, takes up little space, and is set off the ground, which greatly avoids interference with other equipment.
  • the battery delivery device 70 can also include a stop mechanism, which is arranged on the route of the double-speed chain battery conveying line to transport the battery, and the stop mechanism is used to limit the movement of the battery (battery refers to any battery to be replaced or a new battery).
  • the gear stop mechanism is arranged on the traveling route of the double-speed chain battery conveying line to transport the battery, and can limit the movement of the battery along the conveying direction of the double-speed chain battery conveying line.
  • a stop mechanism is provided on the side of the battery changing station away from the charging stand.
  • the gear stop mechanism is arranged on the side of the battery exchange station away from the charging rack, which can make the battery dock on the battery exchange station, thereby facilitating subsequent installation of the battery on the battery exchange station to the battery exchange vehicle through the battery exchange equipment 30 .
  • the driving passage 50 has partitions 60 on both sides along the driving direction, and the bottom of the partitions 60 has a through hole through which the battery conveying device 70 is provided.
  • the partition plate 60 can limit the driving range of the vehicle, and prevent the equipment from being damaged in the swap station caused by the vehicle due to misoperation or the like. That is to say, the partition 60 can restrict the driving space and protect the equipment in the station.
  • the distance between the partition plate 60 and the driveway 50 is not specifically limited, but in order to reduce the overall space of the power station and improve space utilization, the preferred arrangement is that the partition plate 60 is adjacent to both side edges of the driveway 50 .
  • the material of the partition 60 is not specifically limited, but it must have a certain impact resistance, and factors such as cost also need to be considered. Preferably, it can be set as the material used to prepare the container, such as aluminum alloy or steel.
  • the power exchange equipment 30 includes a bearing portion for carrying the battery
  • the battery conveying device 70 includes a battery that extends from both sides of the power exchange equipment 30 toward the first charging rack 20 and the second charging rack 40 respectively.
  • the first conveying unit and the second conveying unit, the bearing part is kept aligned when the battery is picked up from the first conveying unit or the second conveying unit.
  • the carrying part is kept aligned when the battery is obtained from the first conveying unit or the second conveying unit, which is conducive to reliable and relatively labor-saving transfer of the battery from the battery conveying device 70 to the battery exchange equipment 30, and therefore, is also conducive to further Improve power exchange efficiency.
  • the battery interaction between the battery swapping device and the first delivery unit or the second delivery unit is realized through the bearing part, which facilitates battery transfer and improves transfer efficiency.
  • the power exchange device 30 has a conveying mechanism for conveying batteries between the first conveying unit or the second conveying unit. Accurate battery interaction is achieved through the operation of the conveying mechanism, reducing friction and avoiding damage to the battery.
  • the first charging stand 20 and the second charging stand 40 are respectively provided with a battery delivery device 70 .
  • the battery conveying device 70 can be schematically configured as a palletizer.
  • the battery conveying device 70 is a conveying structure extending from the first charging stand 20 to the second charging stand 40, and passes over the power exchange equipment 30, and the bearing part has The groove in which the battery delivery device 70 can be accommodated.
  • the battery delivery device 70 extends from the first charging stand 20 to the second charging stand 40, that is to say, the first charging stand 20 and the second charging stand 40 share an integral battery delivery device 70, and the battery is connected to the battery through the groove.
  • the cooperation of the conveying device 70 can realize the transfer of the battery between the battery conveying device 70 and the carrying part.
  • the battery swapping device 30 is configured to be able to walk, and it goes back and forth between the first charging rack 20 or the second charging rack 40 and the battery swapping station to replace the battery of the battery swapping vehicle.
  • the battery replacement equipment 30 performs battery replacement for the battery replacement vehicle by walking back and forth between the first charging rack 20 or the second charging rack 40 and the battery replacement station, which is beneficial to simplify the structure of the battery replacement station.
  • the battery swapping device 30 includes a bearing part and a lifting mechanism, the bearing part is used to carry the battery, and the lifting mechanism is arranged below the bearing part to drive the bearing part up and down. Among them, through the lifting mechanism, the bearing part is realized to be close to or away from the vehicle, thereby realizing the installation and removal of the battery and the battery transfer between the battery delivery device.
  • a monitoring room is also provided in the box body 10, and the position of the monitoring room is located at a position corresponding to the main driving side of the vehicle. In the process of driving in or leaving the vehicle, it is convenient to instruct the driver to operate in time, which is conducive to improving the efficiency and reliability of battery swapping.
  • An electrical cabinet is also provided in the box body 10, and the electrical cabinet is located between the partition 60 and the first charging stand or the second charging stand.
  • Such arrangement rationally utilizes the space between the partition plate 60 and the corresponding first charging rack 20 and the second charging rack 40 , which is beneficial to further improving the space utilization rate in the battery swapping station.
  • the electrical cabinet is the core for reliable power exchange, and the electrical cabinet provides electrical connection signals and communication connection signals for each power exchange equipment 30, battery transfer equipment and corresponding control systems.
  • the battery swapping device 30 is used to remove the battery from or install the battery to the bottom of the vehicle.
  • a canopy 80 is also provided at the position corresponding to the entrance and exit of the driving channel 50 on the top of the power exchange station. Wet by the rain when driving out of the power station.
  • the battery-swapping vehicle waiting for battery-swapping drives into the driving passage 50, stops at the battery-swapping station and locates it here;
  • the battery replacement device 30 removes the battery to be replaced from the vehicle
  • the battery to be replaced on the battery replacement device 30 is transferred to the first charging rack 20 or the second charging rack 40 .
  • the battery replacement device 30 removes the battery to be replaced from the vehicle
  • the battery delivery device 70 takes out new batteries from the first charging stand 20 or the second charging stand 40;
  • the new battery is transferred to the power exchange device 30;
  • the battery swapping device 30 installs a new battery on the battery swapping vehicle.
  • the new battery is transferred to the battery exchange equipment 30 can have the following two methods: (1) the battery exchange equipment 30 can walk, and the battery exchange equipment 30 can take the new battery away by walking to the battery delivery device 70, and transferred to the battery exchange station; (2) the battery exchange equipment 30 is set at the battery exchange station, and the battery delivery device 70 moves to transfer the new battery from the charging rack to the battery exchange equipment 30 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

一种基于固设式换电设备的换电站。该换电站包括一个箱体（10），箱体内沿箱体的长度方向依次设有第一充电架（20）、换电设备（30）和第二充电架（40）。其中，换电设备（30）用于从车辆上取下电池或将电池安装到车辆上。第一充电架（20）和第二充电架（40）位于箱体（10）内的两端。当换电设备（30）从车辆上取下待更换电池后，待待更换电池被转运至第一充电架（20）和第二充电架（40）中的其中一个时，换电设备（30）可接收来自第一充电架（20）和第二充电架（40）中的另外一个，省去了等待的时间，因此，该换电站能够在占用的空间较小的基础上提高换电效率。单箱设置减少了占地面积、建站成本。而双架设置，使得站内电池容量大，能够充分满足换电需求，且换电设备转运过程控制灵活。

Description

基于固设式换电设备的换电站
本申请要求申请日为2021/9/30的中国专利申请2021224114828的优先权。本申请引用上述中国专利申请的全文。
技术领域
本申请涉及电动汽车的换电领域，特别涉及一种基于固设式换电设备的换电站。
背景技术
换电站用于对电动汽车进行更换电池，电动汽车驶入换电站并可靠定位后，由换电设备对电动汽车进行更换。具体地，换电设备(如换电小车)将电动汽车上的待更换电池取下并放置到电池转运设备(如码垛机)上，再由电池转运设备将待更换电池运送至充电架；之后，电池转运设备从充电架上将充好电的新电池取走，并放置到换电设备上，由换换电设备将新电池运送至预定位置并装到电动汽车上。
其中，现有技术中通常是一个换电站仅配备一个换电设备和一列充电架，导致换电站的电池容量不够，无法满足日常换电数量需求，导致换电效率较低。另外，通常换电站的占地面积非常庞大，导致建站成本很高。
发明内容
本申请要解决的技术问题是为了克服现有技术中换电站占地面积大、建站成本高以及换电效率较低的缺陷，提供一种换电站。
本申请是通过下述技术方案来解决上述技术问题：
一种基于固设式换电设备的换电站，所述换电站包括一个箱体，所述箱体内沿所述箱体的长度方向依次设有第一充电架、换电设备和第二充电架；
其中，所述换电设备用于从车辆上取下电池或将电池安装到车辆上；
所述第一充电架和所述第二充电架位于所述箱体内的两端。
在本方案中，当换电设备从车辆上取下待更换电池后，待待更换电池被转运至第一充电架和第二充电架中的其中一个时，换电设备可接收来自第一充电架和第二充电架中的另外一个，省去了等待的时间，因此，该换电站能够在占用的空间较小的基础上提高换电效率。单箱设置减少了占地面积、建站成本。而双架设置，使得站内电池容量大，能够充分满足换电需求，且换电设备转运过程控制灵活。
优选地，所述箱体内还设有供车辆通过的行车通道，所述行车通道沿所述箱体的宽度方向延伸，所述行车通道对应的区域内形成供换电车辆停放以进行电池更换的换电工位。
在本方案中，车辆通过行车通道驶入或驶离换电区域，行车通道上预设有换电工位，当需要换电时，车辆需停靠并定位在换电工位。车辆通过固定的行车通道到达预设的换电工位后方能进行换电，有利于换电有序且可靠地进行。设置专用的供换电车辆行驶并执行换电操作的行车通道，能够按照既定的换电路径进行约束，保证换电站内换电车辆有序且可控地执行换电，提高换电效率。
优选地，所述箱体内还设有供车辆通过的两个所述行车通道，所述行车通道均沿所述箱体的宽度方向延伸，且两个所述行车通道中的至少一个位于所述第一充电架或所述第二充电架的外侧。
在本方案中，通过设置两个行车通道使换电站具备同时对两辆车辆进行换电的能力，提高换电站整体换电效率。
优选地，所述行车通道位于所述箱体沿长度方向的中部位置上。
在本方案中，将行车通道设于箱体的中部，使两侧都能够预留足够的电池转运所需空间，方便两侧第一充电架和第二充电架的电池被转运至换电设备，也方便换电设备上的电池被转运至两侧的第一充电架和第二充电架，电 池转运路径互不干涉，有利于进一步提高换电效率。
优选地，所述换电设备被设置为固设于所述换电工位内的对应位置上，所述箱体内还设有用于在所述第一充电架或所述第二充电架与所述换电设备之间进行电池输送的电池输送装置。
在本方案中，当需要换电设备从车辆上取下电池时，换电设备从车辆上将待更换电池取下后，待更换电池通过电池输送装置被输送至第一充电架或第二充电架。当需要将新的电池安装至车辆上时，电池输送装置从第一充电架或第二充电架将新的电池取出并转运至换电设备，换电设备待接收到新的电池后将电池安装至车辆上。通过电池输送装置实现电池在换电设备与充电架之间的转运，无需控制换电设备行走，结构简单，控制方便，而且能够实现两个电池同时进行转运，提高电池转运效率和换电效率。
优选地，所述电池输送装置包括滚筒、传送带或倍速链。
在本方案中，采用上述结构设置，能够实现电池的连续传送，有利于进一步提高换电效率。
优选地，所述行车通道沿行车方向的两侧具有隔板，所述隔板的下方具有被所述电池输送装置贯穿设置的通孔。
在本方案中，隔板能够限定车辆的行驶范围，防止车辆由于操作失误等原因造成换电站内设备损坏等。也就是说，隔板能够约束行车空间，保护站内设备。
优选地，所述换电设备包括用于承载电池的承载部，所述电池输送装置包括从所述换电设备的两侧分别朝向所述第一充电架和所述第二充电架延伸的第一输送单元和第二输送单元，所述承载部在从所述第一输送单元上或所述第二输送单元上获取电池时保持对齐。
在本方案中，承载部在从第一输送单元上或第二输送单元上获取电池时保持对齐，有利于可靠且较为省力地将电池由电池输送装置转运至换电设备，因此，也有利于进一步提高换电效率。通过承载部实现换电设备与第一输送 单元或第二输送单元之间进行电池交互，便于进行电池转运，提高转运效率。
优选地，所述换电设备上具有输送机构，用于与所述第一输送单元或所述第二输送单元之间输送电池。
通过输送机构的运行实现电池的准确交互，减小摩擦，避免对电池造成损伤。
优选地，所述电池输送装置为从所述第一充电架内延伸至所述第二充电架内的输送结构，并且由所述换电设备上方穿过，所述承载部具有在升降过程中可容纳所述电池输送装置的凹槽。
在本方案中，电池输送装置自第一充电架内延伸至第二充电架，也就是说，第一充电架和第二充电架共用一个整体的电池输送装置，通过凹槽与电池输送装置的配合，能够实现电池在电池输送装置和承载部之间的转运。
优选地，所述换电设备被设置为可行走设置，且其往返于所述第一充电架或所述第二充电架与所述换电工位之间以对换电车辆进行电池更换。
在本方案中，换电设备通过行走在第一充电架或第二充电架与换电工位之间往返对换电车辆进行电池更换，有利于简化换电站的结构。
优选地，所述换电设备包括承载部和升降机构，所述承载部用于承载电池，所述升降机构设于所述承载部的下方，以实现驱动所述承载部升降。
在本方案中，通过升降机构，实现承载部靠近或远离车辆，进而实现电池的安装与拆卸以及与电池输送装置之间的电池转运。
优选地，所述箱体内还设有监控室，所述监控室的位置位于与车辆的主驾驶侧对应的位置。
在本方案中，在车辆驶入或驶离的过程中，便于及时指示驾驶员操作，有利于提高换电效率和换电可靠性。
优选地，所述行车通道沿行车方向的两侧具有隔板，所述箱体内还设有电气柜，所述电气柜位于所述隔板与所述第一充电架或所述第二充电架之间。
在本方案中，合理地利用了隔板与对应的第一充电架和第二充电架之间 的空间，有利于进一步提高换电站内的空间利用率。
所述换电设备用于从所述车辆的底部取下电池或将电池安装到所述车辆的底部。
在符合本领域常识的基础上，上述各优选条件，可任意组合，即得本申请各较佳实例。
本申请的积极进步效果在于：
在该基于固设式换电设备的换电站中，当换电设备从车辆上取下待更换电池后，待待更换电池被转运至第一充电架和第二充电架中的其中一个时，换电设备可接收来自第一充电架和第二充电架中的另外一个，省去了等待的时间，因此，该换电站能够在占用的空间较小的基础上提高换电效率。另外，另外，单箱设置减少了占地面积、建站成本。而双架设置，使得站内电池容量大，能够充分满足换电需求，且换电设备转运过程控制灵活。
附图说明
图1为本申请一优选实施例的基于固设式换电设备的换电站的整体结构示意图。
图2为本申请一优选实施例的基于固设式换电设备的换电站的部分结构示意图。
图3为本申请一优选实施例的基于固设式换电设备的换电站的另一部分结构示意图。
图4为本申请一优选实施例的基于固设式换电设备的换电站的又一部分结构示意图。
附图标记说明：
箱体10
第一充电架20
换电设备30
第二充电架40
行车通道50
隔板60
电池输送装置70
雨棚80
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例的方式进一步说明本申请，但并不因此将本申请限制在的实施例范围之中。
本实施例揭示一种基于固设式换电设备的换电站，如图1-4所示，该换电站包括一个箱体10，箱体10内沿箱体10的长度方向依次设有第一充电架20、换电设备30和第二充电架40。其中，换电设备30用于从车辆上取下电池或将电池安装到车辆上。第一充电架20和第二充电架40位于箱体10内的两端。另外，单箱设置减少了占地面积、建站成本。而双架(第一充电架20和第二充电架40)设置，使得站内电池容量大，能够充分满足换电需求，且换电设备转运过程控制灵活。
在本实施方式中，当换电设备30从车辆上取下待更换电池后，待待更换电池被转运至第一充电架20和第二充电架40中的其中一个时，换电设备30可接收来自第一充电架20和第二充电架40中的另外一个，省去了等待的时间，因此，该换电站能够在占用的空间较小的基础上提高换电效率。
在另一优选的实施例中，如图1-3所示，箱体10内还设有供车辆通过的行车通道50，行车通道50沿箱体10的宽度方向延伸，行车通道50对应的区域内形成供换电车辆停放以进行电池更换的换电工位。
其中，车辆通过行车通道50驶入或驶离换电区域，行车通道50上预设有换电工位，当需要换电时，车辆需停靠并定位在换电工位。车辆通过固定的行车通道50到达预设的换电工位后方能进行换电，有利于换电有序且可 靠地进行。设置专用的供换电车辆行驶并执行换电操作的行车通道50，能够按照既定的换电路径进行约束，保证换电站内换电车辆有序且可控地执行换电，提高换电效率。
在另一优选的实施例中，箱体10内还设有供车辆通过的两个行车通道50，行车通道50均沿箱体10的宽度方向延伸，且两个行车通道50中的至少一个位于第一充电架20或第二充电架40的外侧。
其中，行车通道50位于第一充电架20或第二充电架40的外侧，使得车辆的行驶与充电架内的电池的转运不会发生相互影响，有利于进一步提高换电的可靠性和安全性。通过设置两个行车通道50，使换电站具备同时对两辆车辆进行换电的能力，提高换电站整体换电效率。
在另一优选的实施例中，行车通道50位于箱体10沿长度方向的中部位置上。
其中，将行车通道50设于箱体10的中部，使两侧都能够预留足够的电池转运所需空间，方便两侧第一充电架20和第二充电架40的电池被转运至换电设备30，也方便换电设备30上的电池被转运至两侧的第一充电架20和第二充电架40，电池转运路径互不干涉，有利于进一步提高换电效率。
关于换电设备30的运动状态，在不同的实施例中，可以有不同的实现方式。即换电设备30可设置在换电工位，由电池输送装置70实现电池在换电设备30与第一充电架20或第二充电架40之间的转运。当然，换电设备30也可以设置为可行走的结构。下面将具体阐述。
在其中一优选的实施例中，换电设备30被设置为固设于换电工位内的对应位置上，箱体10内还设有用于在第一充电架20或第二充电架40与换电设备30之间进行电池输送的电池输送装置70。在该实施例中，换电设备30设置在换电工位上，而是由电池输送装置70的运动来实现第一充电架20或第二充电架40与换电设备30之间电池的转运。具体地，当需要换电设备30从车辆上取下电池时，换电设备30从车辆上将待更换电池取下后，待更 换电池通过电池输送装置70被输送至第一充电架20或第二充电架40。当需要将新的电池安装至车辆上时，电池输送装置70从第一充电架20或第二充电架40将新的电池取出并转运至换电设备30，换电设备30待接收到新的电池后将电池安装至车辆上。通过电池输送装置实现电池在换电设备与充电架之间的转运，无需控制换电设备行走，结构简单，控制方便，而且能够实现两个电池同时进行转运，提高电池转运效率和换电效率。
在优选的实施例中，电池输送装置70可设置为包括滚筒、传送带或倍速链的结构。采用上述结构设置，能够实现电池的连续传送，有利于进一步提高换电效率。
其中，当采用倍速链结构时，相当于电池输送装置70包括倍速链电池输送线，倍速链可以指以链条作为牵引和承载体的一种物料输送机械，属于输送机的一种，可一次性输送体积庞大的物品。在本实施方式中，通过设置倍速链电池输送线，待更换电池或新的电池可直接在倍速链电池输送线上实现在充电架和换电设备30之间的输送。本方案无需设置换电小车和轨道，减少了电控部件，大大降低了成本，同时也精简了控制过程。同时，也无需在充电架至换电设备30之间的路线进行经常性的维护，从而降低了换电站的维护成本。另外，倍速链电池输送线结构简单，占用空间小，且离地设置，大大避免了与其他设备的干涉。
电池输送装置70还可包括挡停机构，挡停机构设置于倍速链电池输送线运送电池的行进路线上，挡停机构用于限制电池(电池是指任意待更换电池或新的电池)移动。挡停机构设置在倍速链电池输送线运送电池的行进路线上，能够在沿倍速链电池输送线的输送方向上限制电池的移动。
在一个实施方式中，换电工位远离充电架的一侧设置有挡停机构。挡停机构设置在换电工位远离充电架的一侧，能够使电池停靠于换电工位上，从而便于后续在换电工位上的电池通过换电设备30安装至换电车辆上。
在另一优选的实施例中，行车通道50沿行车方向的两侧具有隔板60， 隔板60的下方具有被电池输送装置70贯穿设置的通孔。
其中，隔板60能够限定车辆的行驶范围，防止车辆由于操作失误等原因而造成换电站内设备损坏等。也就是说，隔板60能够约束行车空间，保护站内设备。
关于隔板60与行车通道50之间的距离不作具体限定，但是为了减少换电站的整体空间以及为了提高空间利用率，优选的设置方式是隔板60邻接于行车通道50的两侧边缘。
关于隔板60的材质也不作具体限定，但要具备一定的抗冲击性，也需要考虑到成本等因素，优选的可以设置为制备集装箱的材质，如铝合金或钢。
在另一优选的实施例中，换电设备30包括用于承载电池的承载部，电池输送装置70包括从换电设备30的两侧分别朝向第一充电架20和第二充电架40延伸的第一输送单元和第二输送单元，承载部在从第一输送单元上或第二输送单元上获取电池时保持对齐。
其中，承载部在从第一输送单元上或第二输送单元上获取电池时保持对齐，有利于可靠且较为省力地将电池由电池输送装置70转运至换电设备30，因此，也有利于进一步提高换电效率。通过承载部实现换电设备与第一输送单元或第二输送单元之间进行电池交互，便于进行电池转运，提高转运效率。
在一优选的实施例中，换电设备30上具有输送机构，用于与第一输送单元或第二输送单元之间输送电池。通过输送机构的运行实现电池的准确交互，减小摩擦，避免对电池造成损伤。
如图1-2所示，第一充电架20和第二充电架40内各设有一电池输送装置70。该电池输送装置70可示意性地设置为码垛机。
在另一可替代的实施例中，电池输送装置70为从第一充电架20内延伸至第二充电架40内的输送结构，并且由换电设备30上方穿过，承载部具有在升降过程中可容纳电池输送装置70的凹槽。其中，电池输送装置70自第一充电架20内延伸至第二充电架40，也就是说，第一充电架20和第二充电 架40共用一个整体的电池输送装置70，通过凹槽与电池输送装置70的配合，能够实现电池在电池输送装置70和承载部之间的转运。
在另一优选的实施例中，换电设备30被设置为可行走设置，且其往返于第一充电架20或第二充电架40与换电工位之间以对换电车辆进行电池更换。其中，换电设备30通过行走在第一充电架20或第二充电架40与换电工位之间往返对换电车辆进行电池更换，有利于简化换电站的结构。
作为示意性实施例，换电设备30包括承载部和升降机构，承载部用于承载电池，升降机构设于承载部的下方，以实现驱动承载部升降。其中，通过升降机构，实现承载部靠近或远离车辆，进而实现电池的安装与拆卸以及与电池输送装置之间的电池转运。
箱体10内还设有监控室，监控室的位置位于与车辆的主驾驶侧对应的位置。在车辆驶入或驶离的过程中，便于及时指示驾驶员操作，有利于提高换电效率和换电可靠性。
箱体10内还设有电气柜，电气柜位于隔板60与第一充电架或第二充电架之间。如此设置，合理地利用了隔板60与对应的第一充电架20和第二充电架40之间的空间，有利于进一步提高换电站内的空间利用率。
需要说明的是，监控室的设置主要是为了实时观察换电的情况，以及时作出判断，便于及时且准确地发布指令，尤其是当换电的过程中有突发情况发生时。电气柜是换电能够可靠进行的核心，电气柜为各换电设备30、电池转运设备以及相应的控制***提供电连接信号和通信连接信号。
在优选的实施例中，换电设备30用于从车辆的底部取下电池或将电池安装到车辆的底部。
在另一优选的实施例中，如图4所示，该换电站的顶部与行车通道50的入口和出口相对应的位置处还设有雨棚80，如此设置，能够防止车辆在驶入和驶出换电站时被雨水淋湿。
下面简述下对车辆进行换电的换电过程。
(一)从换电车辆上取下电池的过程
待换电的换电车辆驶入行车通道50，停靠在换电工位并在此定位；
换电设备30将车辆上的待更换电池取下；
将换电设备30上的待更换电池转运至第一充电架20或第二充电架40中。
其中，“换电设备30将车辆上的待更换电池取下”可以有以下两种方式：(1)换电设备30可行走，换电设备30通过行走将待更换电池转运至电池输送装置70，再由电池输送装置70将待更换电池放入充电架中；(2)换电设备30设置在换电工位，电池输送装置70运动而接近换电设备30，然后将换电设备30上的待更换电池取走并转运至充电架。
(二)将新的电池装到换电车辆上
电池输送装置70从第一充电架20或第二充电架40上将新的电池取出；
新的电池被转运至换电设备30；
换电设备30将新的电池安装至换电车辆上。
其中，“新的电池被转运至换电设备30”可以有以下两种方式：(1)换电设备30可行走，换电设备30通过行走至至电池输送装置70将新的电池取走，并转运至换电工位；(2)换电设备30设置在换电工位，电池输送装置70运动而将新的电池自充电架转运至换电设备30上。
虽然以上描述了本申请的具体实施方式，但是本领域的技术人员应当理解，这仅是举例说明，本申请的保护范围是由所附权利要求书限定的。本领域的技术人员在不背离本申请的原理和实质的前提下，可以对这些实施方式做出多种变更或修改，但这些变更和修改均落入本申请的保护范围。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种基于固设式换电设备的换电站，其特征在于，所述换电站包括一个箱体，所述箱体内沿所述箱体的长度方向依次设有第一充电架、换电设备和第二充电架；
    其中，所述换电设备用于从车辆上取下电池或将电池安装到车辆上；
    所述第一充电架和所述第二充电架位于所述箱体内的两端。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的基于固设式换电设备的换电站，其特征在于，所述箱体内还设有供车辆通过的行车通道，所述行车通道沿所述箱体的宽度方向延伸，所述行车通道对应的区域内形成供换电车辆停放以进行电池更换的换电工位。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的基于固设式换电设备的换电站，其特征在于，所述箱体内还设有供车辆通过的两个所述行车通道，所述行车通道均沿所述箱体的宽度方向延伸，且两个所述行车通道中的至少一个位于所述第一充电架或所述第二充电架的外侧。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的基于固设式换电设备的换电站，其特征在于，所述行车通道位于所述箱体沿长度方向的中部位置上。
  5. 如权利要求2-4中至少一项所述的基于固设式换电设备的换电站，其特征在于，所述换电设备被设置为固设于所述换电工位内的对应位置上，所述箱体内还设有用于在所述第一充电架或所述第二充电架与所述换电设备之间进行电池输送的电池输送装置。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的基于固设式换电设备的换电站，其特征在于，所述电池输送装置包括滚筒、传送带或倍速链。
  7. 如权利要求5或6所述的基于固设式换电设备的换电站，其特征在于，所述行车通道沿行车方向的两侧具有隔板，所述隔板的下方具有被所述电池输送装置贯穿设置的通孔。
  8. 如权利要求5-7中至少一项所述的基于固设式换电设备的换电站，其特征在于，所述换电设备包括用于承载电池的承载部，所述电池输送装置包括从所述换电设备的两侧分别朝向所述第一充电架和所述第二充电架延伸的第一输送单元和第二输送单元，所述承载部在从所述第一输送单元上或所述第二输送单元上获取电池时保持对齐。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的基于固设式换电设备的换电站，其特征在于，所述换电设备上具有输送机构，用于与所述第一输送单元或所述第二输送单元之间输送电池。
  10. 如权利要求8所述的基于固设式换电设备的换电站，其特征在于，所述电池输送装置为从所述第一充电架内延伸至所述第二充电架内的输送结构，并且由所述换电设备上方穿过，所述承载部具有在升降过程中可容纳所述电池输送装置的凹槽。
  11. 如权利要求2-10中至少一项所述的基于固设式换电设备的换电站，其特征在于，所述换电设备被设置为可行走设置，且其往返于所述第一充电架或所述第二充电架与所述换电工位之间以对换电车辆进行电池更换。
  12. 如权利要求1-11中至少一项所述的基于固设式换电设备的换电站，其特征在于，所述换电设备包括承载部和升降机构，所述承载部用于承载电池，所述升降机构设于所述承载部的下方，以实现驱动所述承载部升降。
  13. 如权利要求1-12中至少一项所述的基于固设式换电设备的换电站，其特征在于，所述箱体内还设有监控室，所述监控室的位置位于与车辆的主驾驶侧对应的位置。
  14. 如权利要求2-11中至少一项所述的基于固设式换电设备的换电站，其特征在于，所述行车通道沿行车方向的两侧具有隔板，所述箱体内还设有电气柜，所述电气柜位于所述隔板与所述第一充电架或所述第二充电架之间。
  15. 如权利要求1-14中至少一项所述的基于固设式换电设备的换电站，其特征在于，所述换电设备用于从所述车辆的底部取下电池或将电池安装到 所述车辆的底部。
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