WO2023048441A1 - Hydrogen charging system using liquefied hydrogen - Google Patents

Hydrogen charging system using liquefied hydrogen Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023048441A1
WO2023048441A1 PCT/KR2022/013942 KR2022013942W WO2023048441A1 WO 2023048441 A1 WO2023048441 A1 WO 2023048441A1 KR 2022013942 W KR2022013942 W KR 2022013942W WO 2023048441 A1 WO2023048441 A1 WO 2023048441A1
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Prior art keywords
hydrogen
vaporizer
liquefied
liquefied hydrogen
mixer
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PCT/KR2022/013942
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French (fr)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
양영명
김창수
구병수
손성재
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주식회사 동화엔텍
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Publication of WO2023048441A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023048441A1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
    • F17C5/06—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with compressed gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hydrogen charging system using liquefied hydrogen for supplying liquefied hydrogen stored in a liquefied hydrogen tank to a place of use.
  • Hydrogen as is known, is a resource that can be obtained simply by electrolyzing water. It is very eco-friendly because it does not emit pollutants, and has many advantages, such as the highest energy efficiency per unit weight compared to competing energy resources. Thanks to recent technological advances, its use is gradually expanding.
  • Such hydrogen is transported in a gaseous or liquid state in order to be made from production raw materials at production sites and used in places of use such as charging stations, buildings, power plants, or vehicles.
  • High-pressure gaseous hydrogen stores hydrogen at a high pressure of over 200 bar, while liquefied hydrogen cools gaseous hydrogen to an extremely low temperature of minus 253 degrees Celsius. Unlike high-pressure gaseous hydrogen, it can be stored at atmospheric pressure, and its volume It is known that the economic feasibility of the liquefied hydrogen method is superior, such as being able to store large quantities because it is reduced to 1/800 level.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, so that gaseous hydrogen can be directly supplied from liquefied hydrogen through a vaporizer to the place of use, or furthermore, liquefied hydrogen is temporarily stored as gaseous hydrogen through a vaporizer, and then necessary Its purpose is to provide a hydrogen charging system using liquefied hydrogen that can be properly mixed with liquefied hydrogen and supplied to the place of use.
  • the heat source supplied to the vaporizer and the heat exchanger is supplied through a heat medium cycle to prevent icing while storing gaseous hydrogen in a storage container to enable rapid charging. Its purpose is to provide a hydrogen charging system using liquefied hydrogen. there is.
  • the supply amount of liquefied hydrogen and gaseous hydrogen can be rapidly increased and decreased as needed through temperature and pressure sensors and control valves interlocked with them to meet the required temperature and pressure of the user.
  • the hydrogen charging system using liquefied hydrogen vaporizes hydrogen in a liquefied state stored in a liquefied hydrogen tank at a constant temperature through a vaporizer and charges hydrogen using liquefied hydrogen supplied to the user in a gaseous state.
  • a mixer provided on a gaseous hydrogen line between the vaporizer and the place of use, a liquefied hydrogen branch line branched from the front end of the vaporizer and connected to the mixer, and connected so that liquefied hydrogen is sprayed from the top of the mixer, It is branched from the rear end of the vaporizer and connected to the mixer, and includes a gaseous hydrogen branch line in which a heat exchanger and a storage container are sequentially installed, and a heat medium cycle for supplying heat sources to the vaporizer and the heat exchanger.
  • a heat medium storage tank, a pump, and a heater are sequentially installed, a heat medium is supplied from the heater to the vaporizer, and then a first connection is connected to the heat medium storage tank. It is characterized in that it includes a heat medium supply line and a second heat medium supply line branched between the heater and the vaporizer to supply the heat medium to the heat exchanger and then connected to the heat medium storage tank.
  • temperature and pressure sensors are provided between the mixer and the place of use, respectively, and a first control valve and a second control valve are provided between the liquefied hydrogen tank and the mixer and between the storage container and the mixer, respectively, so that the temperature sensor And it is characterized in that the first control valve and the second control valve are respectively controlled by a signal from a pressure sensor.
  • a third control valve is further provided between the vaporizer and the mixer.
  • the heat medium is characterized in that any one of propane (C3H8) and propylene (C3H6).
  • the present invention it is possible to supply 100% of liquefied hydrogen to the place of use as gaseous hydrogen, or further temporarily store liquefied hydrogen as gaseous hydrogen through a vaporizer, and then, if necessary, mix it with liquefied hydrogen appropriately to use it. supply is possible.
  • liquefied hydrogen is vaporized without going through a storage container and supplied to the place of use so that it can be immediately charged, or gaseous hydrogen is temporarily stored in a storage container, and liquefied hydrogen and gaseous hydrogen are stored through a temperature and pressure sensor and a control valve interlocking with it. It is possible to quickly increase or decrease the supply amount as needed, so that it can be supplied according to the temperature and pressure required by the place of use, so there is an advantage that quick charging is possible when necessary.
  • a compact configuration is possible by forming the vaporizer in a printed board type, and the supplied heat source is supplied through a separate heat medium cycle to prevent icing.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a hydrogen charging system using liquefied hydrogen of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a first preferred embodiment in the hydrogen charging system using liquefied hydrogen of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a second preferred embodiment in the hydrogen charging system using liquefied hydrogen of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a hydrogen charging system using liquefied hydrogen of the present invention.
  • the present invention is largely composed of a liquefied hydrogen tank 10, a vaporizer 20 and a place of use 90, here a mixer 30, a liquefied hydrogen branch line 200, a gaseous hydrogen branch line 300 and It is configured to include a heat medium cycle (400).
  • the liquefied hydrogen tank 10 stores liquefied hydrogen at about -253 ° C and 0.6 Mpa, and the liquefied hydrogen is vaporized by the vaporizer 20 and supplied to the dispenser 90, which is usually used. At (90), the required conditions for use are about -40°C and about 70Mpa.
  • the vaporizer 20 be formed as a printed board type heat exchanger (PCHE) to have a more compact configuration.
  • PCHE printed board type heat exchanger
  • the mixer 30 is provided on the gaseous hydrogen line 100 between the vaporizer 20 and the point of use 90, where gaseous hydrogen and liquid hydrogen are properly mixed.
  • the liquefied hydrogen branch line 200 is branched from a liquefied hydrogen line connecting the liquefied hydrogen tank 10 to the vaporizer 20, more specifically, branched from the front end of the vaporizer 20 to be connected to the mixer 30, It is connected so that liquid hydrogen is sprayed from the top of the mixer 30.
  • gaseous hydrogen branch line 300 is branched from the rear end of the vaporizer 20 and connected to the mixer 30, where the heat exchanger 40 and the storage container 50 are sequentially installed.
  • the storage container 50 is a space for temporarily storing gaseous hydrogen that has passed through the heat exchanger 40, and according to the present invention, the storage container 50 may be a cascade storage container. .
  • the cascade storage container is provided with a plurality of individual storage containers, and has the advantage of being free to design the storage capacity according to the place of use (90). That is, if the amount of gaseous hydrogen required for the place of use 90 is only one individual storage container, the system is operated to suit this, and if more is needed, the cost of operating the system can be reduced by gradually increasing it. there will be
  • the present invention is configured to further include a heat medium cycle 400 for supplying a heat source of the vaporizer 20 and the heat exchanger 40.
  • the heat medium storage tank 60, the pump 70, and the heater 80 are sequentially installed, the heat medium is supplied from the heater 80 to the vaporizer 20, and then the The first heat medium supply line 420 connected to the heat medium storage tank 60, branched between the heater 80 and the vaporizer 20 to supply the heat medium to the heat exchanger 40, and then the heat medium storage tank ( 60) and a second heat medium supply line 440 connected to the second heat medium supply line.
  • the heat medium may be any one as long as it is for supplying a heat source to the vaporizer 20 and the heat exchanger 40, but in the present invention, the freezing point is very low, so the freezing problem that is likely to occur due to heat exchange with cryogenic liquefied hydrogen is fundamentally Any one of propane (C3H8) and propylene (C3H6) that can be avoided is preferable.
  • the heat medium stored in the heat medium storage tank 60 is pressurized through the pump 70 and then heated to about 40° C. by the heater 80, and some of the heated heat medium is removed. It is supplied to the vaporizer 20 through one heat medium supply line 420, and some of the remaining heat medium is supplied to the heat exchanger 40 through the second heat medium supply line 440.
  • a temperature sensor 12 and a pressure sensor 14 are provided between the mixer 30 and the place of use 90, respectively, and also between the liquefied hydrogen tank 10 and the mixer 30 and the storage
  • a first control valve 22 and a second control valve 24 are provided between the container 50 and the mixer 30, respectively.
  • the first control valve 22 and the second control valve 24 are respectively controlled by signals from the temperature sensor 12 and the pressure sensor 14 .
  • the amount of liquefied hydrogen passing through the first control valve 22 on the liquefied hydrogen branch line 200 is appropriately adjusted By doing so, it is adjusted to the required temperature required by the place of use (90).
  • the amount of gaseous hydrogen passing through the second control valve 24 on the gaseous hydrogen branch line 300 is appropriately adjusted to It is adjusted to the required pressure required by the place of use (90).
  • the amount of liquefied hydrogen and gaseous hydrogen flowing into the mixer 30 can be properly controlled by the temperature sensor 12 and the pressure sensor 14 provided on the gaseous hydrogen line 100 passing through the mixer 30 It becomes possible.
  • a third control valve 34 is further provided between the vaporizer 20 and the mixer 30, and a temperature sensor 16 is provided between the heat exchanger 40 and the storage container 50 is further provided.
  • a fourth control valve 26 is further provided on the second heating medium supply line 440 between the heater 80 and the heat exchanger 40, and the fourth control by a signal from the temperature sensor 16 Valve 26 will be controlled.
  • the amount of heat medium flowing into the heat exchanger 40 is adjusted by receiving the temperature value from the temperature sensor 16 and controlling the fourth control valve 26 on the second heat medium supply line 440 .
  • Figure 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a first preferred embodiment in the hydrogen charging system using liquefied hydrogen of the present invention.
  • 100% of gaseous hydrogen is directly supplied from the liquefied hydrogen tank 10 through the vaporizer 20 to the place of use 90.
  • the first control valve 22 on the liquefied hydrogen branch line 200 ) and the second control valve 24 on the gaseous hydrogen branch line 300 are closed, respectively, and the third control valve 34 on the gaseous hydrogen line 100 is open.
  • the liquefied hydrogen from the liquefied hydrogen tank 10 is directly supplied to the place of use 90 along the gaseous hydrogen line 100 via the vaporizer 20, and the place of use 90 is, for example, a vehicle. Hydrogen will be charged into the vehicle.
  • the liquefied hydrogen tank 10 stores liquefied hydrogen at -253 ° C and 0.6 Mpa, and the liquefied hydrogen is pressurized with liquefied hydrogen at about 220 ° C and 100 Mpa through the pump 15. Then, it is supplied to the vaporizer 20 receiving the heat source from the heat medium cycle.
  • the pump 15 may be a reciprocating or plunger type.
  • the liquefied hydrogen supplied to the vaporizer 20 has a temperature of about -55 ° C while passing through the vaporizer 20, and the third control valve 34 between the vaporizer 20 and the mixer 30 As the pressure is reduced to about 70Mpa, the temperature rises to about -40°C.
  • gaseous hydrogen at about -40 ° C and about 70Mpa is directly supplied to the place of use 90.
  • the gaseous hydrogen may be directly supplied to the place of use 90 or supplied through the mixer 30. Of course there is.
  • the vaporizer 20 is composed of a printed circuit board type heat exchanger (PCHE), which is very advantageous for heat exchange of low-temperature and high-pressure fluid, but icing as liquefied hydrogen of about -220 ° C and 100 Mpa is continuously supplied ( icing) can become a major problem.
  • PCHE printed circuit board type heat exchanger
  • the heat source is supplied to the vaporizer 20 through a separate heat medium cycle 400 using a heat medium of either propane (C3H8) or propylene (C3H6), thereby solving the icing problem there is.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a second preferred embodiment in the hydrogen charging system using liquefied hydrogen of the present invention.
  • gaseous hydrogen is temporarily stored in a storage container 50 through a vaporizer 20 and a heat exchanger 40 in a liquefied hydrogen tank 10, and then mixed with liquefied hydrogen in a mixer to use it 90 ),
  • the first control valve 22 on the liquefied hydrogen branch line 200 and the second control valve 24 on the gaseous hydrogen branch line 300 are in an open state, respectively, and the gaseous hydrogen line 100
  • the third control valve 34 on is in a closed state.
  • the liquefied hydrogen from the liquefied hydrogen tank 10 is temporarily stored as gaseous hydrogen in the storage container 50, and then mixed with liquefied hydrogen as needed to be supplied to the place of use 90.
  • the liquefied hydrogen tank 10 stores liquefied hydrogen at -253 ° C and 0.6 Mpa, and the liquefied hydrogen is pressurized with liquefied hydrogen at about 220 ° C and 100 Mpa through the pump 15. After that, some is supplied to the mixer 30 through the liquefied hydrogen branch line 200 branched from the front end of the vaporizer 20.
  • the remaining part is supplied to the vaporizer 20 receiving the heat source from the heat medium cycle, and the liquefied hydrogen supplied to the vaporizer 20 passes through the vaporizer 20 at a temperature of about -55 ° C. ) is supplied to the gaseous hydrogen branch line 300 branched at the rear end.
  • the gaseous hydrogen branch line 300 is sequentially installed with a heat exchanger 40 supplied with a heat source from a heat medium cycle and a storage container 50, and is connected to the final mixer 30.
  • gaseous hydrogen While passing through the heat exchanger 40 installed on the gaseous hydrogen branch line 300, gaseous hydrogen becomes about 0° C. and is temporarily stored in the storage container 50 and then supplied to the mixer 30. At this time, gaseous hydrogen The temperature of is about 20 ° C, which is much higher than -40 ° C, which is the requirement of the place of use.
  • the end of the liquefied hydrogen branch line 200 connected to the mixer 30 has a nozzle shape.
  • a temperature sensor 12 and a pressure sensor 14 are provided on the gaseous hydrogen line 100 between the mixer 30 and the place of use 90, respectively, and from the temperature sensor 12 and the pressure sensor 14
  • the first control valve 22 and the second control valve 24 are respectively controlled by the signal.
  • the amount of liquefied hydrogen passing through the first control valve 22 on the liquefied hydrogen branch line 200 is appropriately adjusted so that the user 90
  • the amount of gaseous hydrogen passing through the second control valve 24 on the gaseous hydrogen branch line 300 by comparing the pressure value measured from the pressure sensor 14 with the set pressure. It is adjusted to the required pressure required by the place of use 90 by appropriately adjusting.
  • the temperature of gaseous hydrogen supplied to the place of use 90 is the amount of liquefied hydrogen supplied to the mixer 30, and the pressure of the gaseous hydrogen supplied to the place of use 90 is the amount of gaseous hydrogen supplied to the mixer 30 It is possible to quickly increase or decrease the supply amount as needed to meet the required temperature and pressure of the place of use (90).
  • gaseous hydrogen is temporarily stored in the storage container 50 through the vaporizer 20 and the heat exchanger 40 in the liquefied hydrogen tank 10, and then, if necessary, It should be understood that it is immediately supplied to the place of use.
  • the storage container 50 is preferably a cascade storage container, which is provided with a plurality of individual storage containers, and has the advantage of freely adjusting the storage capacity design according to the place of use, as mentioned above. same.
  • the present invention made as described above, as a basic technical idea, is a hydrogen charging system using liquefied hydrogen that can be supplied directly from liquefied hydrogen to gaseous hydrogen, or temporarily stored in a storage container, and then used when necessary. And, of course, many other modifications are possible to those skilled in the art within the scope of the basic technical idea of the present invention.

Abstract

The present invention relates to a hydrogen charging system using liquefied hydrogen, wherein liquefied hydrogen stored in a liquefied hydrogen tank is supplied to a place of use. To this end, the present invention provides a hydrogen charging system using liquefied hydrogen, wherein liquefied hydrogen stored in a liquefied hydrogen tank is vaporized at a predetermined temperature through a vaporizer and supplied in a gaseous state to a place of use, the hydrogen charging system comprising: a mixer provided on a gaseous hydrogen line between the vaporizer and the place of use; a liquefied hydrogen branch line branched from the front end of the vaporizer to be connected to the mixer such that liquefied hydrogen is sprayed from the upper part of the mixer; a gaseous hydrogen branch line branched from the rear end of the vaporizer to be connected to the mixer, and including a heat exchanger and a storage container sequentially installed therein; and a heat medium cycle for supplying a heat source of the vaporizer and the heat exchanger.

Description

액화수소를 이용한 수소 충전시스템Hydrogen charging system using liquefied hydrogen
본 발명은, 액화수소 탱크에 저장된 액화상태의 수소를 사용처에 공급하는 액화수소를 이용한 수소 충전시스템에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a hydrogen charging system using liquefied hydrogen for supplying liquefied hydrogen stored in a liquefied hydrogen tank to a place of use.
수소는, 알려진 바와 같이 물을 전기분해 하기만 하더라도 얻을 수 있는 자원으로 공해물질을 배출하지 않아 매우 친환경적이며, 또한, 경쟁 에너지 자원과 비교하여 보더라도 단위 무게당 에너지 효율이 가장 높게 나타나는 등 많은 이점과 함께 최근 기술 발달에 힘입어 그 사용이 점차 확대되고 있다.Hydrogen, as is known, is a resource that can be obtained simply by electrolyzing water. It is very eco-friendly because it does not emit pollutants, and has many advantages, such as the highest energy efficiency per unit weight compared to competing energy resources. Thanks to recent technological advances, its use is gradually expanding.
이러한 수소는 생산처에서 생산 원료로부터 만들어져 충전소, 건물, 발전소나 차량 등 사용처에 사용되도록 하기 위하여 기체 또는 액체 상태로 수송되고 있다.Such hydrogen is transported in a gaseous or liquid state in order to be made from production raw materials at production sites and used in places of use such as charging stations, buildings, power plants, or vehicles.
이와 같은 관점에서, 수소경제 활성화를 위해 수소 저장 및 운송 기술 확보가 화두로 등장한 가운데, 현재 상용급으로 활용 가능한 수소 저장·운송방식은 '고압 기체수소'와 '액화수소'뿐이다. From this point of view, while securing hydrogen storage and transportation technology has emerged as a hot topic to revitalize the hydrogen economy, the only commercially available hydrogen storage and transportation methods are 'high-pressure gaseous hydrogen' and 'liquefied hydrogen'.
고압 기체수소는 200바(bar) 이상 고압으로 수소를 저장하는 반면에 액화수소는 기체상태 수소를 영하 253도 극저온 상태로 냉각하는 방식으로, 고압 기체수소와 달리 대기압에서 저장이 가능하고, 부피도 800분의 1 수준으로 축소되기 때문에 대용량 저장이 가능하게 되는 등 액화수소 방식의 경제성이 월등한 것으로 알려져 있다.High-pressure gaseous hydrogen stores hydrogen at a high pressure of over 200 bar, while liquefied hydrogen cools gaseous hydrogen to an extremely low temperature of minus 253 degrees Celsius. Unlike high-pressure gaseous hydrogen, it can be stored at atmospheric pressure, and its volume It is known that the economic feasibility of the liquefied hydrogen method is superior, such as being able to store large quantities because it is reduced to 1/800 level.
즉, 최근 한 연구보고서에 따르면, 액화수소는 기존 고압기체 튜브트레일러 운송과 비교할 때 70% 이상 운송비 절감이 가능한 것으로 나타났으며, 25톤급 액화수소 탱크로리를 이용하면 고압가스 튜브트레일러보다 한 번에 운송할 수 있는 양이 약 10배 증가할 것으로 보고된 바 있다.In other words, according to a recent research report, it was found that liquefied hydrogen can reduce transportation costs by more than 70% compared to the transportation of existing high-pressure gas tube trailers. It has been reported that the amount that can be done will increase about 10 times.
이와 같은 관점에서 최근, 국내 대기업과 기관들은 액화수소 플랜트를 구축하기 위해 속도를 내고 있으며, 수소경제를 조기에 구축하기 위해 액화수소 확산을 통한 경제성 확보가 시급한 것으로 판단된다.From this point of view, recently, domestic large corporations and institutions are speeding up to build liquefied hydrogen plants, and it is judged that it is urgent to secure economic feasibility through the spread of liquefied hydrogen in order to establish a hydrogen economy at an early stage.
그러나, 액화수소 이용관점에서 액화수소 확산이 매우 중요하나, 아직 액화수소 탱크로부터 바로 사용처로 기체수소를 공급하거나, 기체수소를 일시적으로 저장한 다음 필요시 이를 사용처로 공급하도록 하는 충전시스템의 개발이 미비하며, 이와 같은 관점에서 볼 때 수소연료의 공급과 관련된 제반 기술의 개발이 매우 절실하다 하겠다.However, although the diffusion of liquefied hydrogen is very important from the point of view of liquefied hydrogen use, development of a charging system that supplies gaseous hydrogen directly from a liquefied hydrogen tank to a place of use or temporarily stores gaseous hydrogen and then supplies it to a place of use when necessary is still under development. From this point of view, it is very urgent to develop various technologies related to the supply of hydrogen fuel.
본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 안출된 것으로, 액화수소로부터 기화기를 거쳐 기체수소를 사용처에 바로 공급이 가능하도록 하거나, 나아가 액화수소를 기화기를 거쳐 기체수소로 일시적으로 저장한 다음, 필요에 따라 액화수소와 적절하게 혼합하여 사용처에 공급이 가능하도록 하는 액화수소를 이용한 수소 충전시스템을 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다.The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, so that gaseous hydrogen can be directly supplied from liquefied hydrogen through a vaporizer to the place of use, or furthermore, liquefied hydrogen is temporarily stored as gaseous hydrogen through a vaporizer, and then necessary Its purpose is to provide a hydrogen charging system using liquefied hydrogen that can be properly mixed with liquefied hydrogen and supplied to the place of use.
이와 함께, 기화기 및 열교환기에 공급되는 열원은 열매체 사이클을 통하여 공급되도록 하여 아이싱을 방지가능하면서 저장용기에 기체수소를 보관하여 빠른 충전이 가능하도록 하는 액화수소를 이용한 수소 충전시스템을 제공하는데도 그 목적이 있다.In addition, the heat source supplied to the vaporizer and the heat exchanger is supplied through a heat medium cycle to prevent icing while storing gaseous hydrogen in a storage container to enable rapid charging. Its purpose is to provide a hydrogen charging system using liquefied hydrogen. there is.
나아가, 온도 및 압력센서 및 이와 연동하는 제어밸브를 통하여 액화수소 및 기체수소를 필요에 따라 공급량을 신속하게 증감가능하도록 하여 사용처의 요구 온도 및 압력을 맞추도록 하는 액화수소를 이용한 수소 충전시스템을 제공하는데도 그 목적이 있다.Furthermore, the supply amount of liquefied hydrogen and gaseous hydrogen can be rapidly increased and decreased as needed through temperature and pressure sensors and control valves interlocked with them to meet the required temperature and pressure of the user. Provide a hydrogen charging system using liquefied hydrogen It has a purpose though.
이와 함께 본 발명의 기타 목적 및 장점들은 하기에 설명될 것이며, 이는 본 발명의 청구범위에 기재된 사항 및 그 실시예의 개시 내용뿐만 아니라, 이들로부터 용이하게 추고할 수 있는 범위 내의 수단 및 조합에 의해 더욱 넓은 범위로 포섭될 것임을 첨언한다.Along with this, other objects and advantages of the present invention will be described below, which will be further explained by means and combinations within the scope easily deduced from them, as well as the details described in the claims of the present invention and the disclosure of the embodiments thereof. It is added that it will be embraced in a wide range.
상기 목적을 달성하기 위해 본 발명에 따른 액화수소를 이용한 수소 충전시스템은, 액화수소 탱크에 저장된 액화상태의 수소를 기화기를 통하여 일정 온도로 기화시켜 기체상태로 사용처에 공급하는 액화수소를 이용한 수소 충전시스템에 있어서, 상기 기화기와 사용처 사이 기체수소 라인상에 구비되는 혼합기와, 상기 기화기 전단에서 분기되어 상기 혼합기와 연결되는 것으로, 상기 혼합기 상부에서 액화수소가 분사되도록 연결되는 액화수소 분기라인과, 상기 기화기 후단에서 분기되어 상기 혼합기와 연결되는 것으로, 열교환기 및 저장용기가 순차적으로 설치되는 기체수소 분기라인, 및 상기 기화기 및 열교환기의 열원을 공급하기 위한 열매체 사이클을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다.In order to achieve the above object, the hydrogen charging system using liquefied hydrogen according to the present invention vaporizes hydrogen in a liquefied state stored in a liquefied hydrogen tank at a constant temperature through a vaporizer and charges hydrogen using liquefied hydrogen supplied to the user in a gaseous state. In the system, a mixer provided on a gaseous hydrogen line between the vaporizer and the place of use, a liquefied hydrogen branch line branched from the front end of the vaporizer and connected to the mixer, and connected so that liquefied hydrogen is sprayed from the top of the mixer, It is branched from the rear end of the vaporizer and connected to the mixer, and includes a gaseous hydrogen branch line in which a heat exchanger and a storage container are sequentially installed, and a heat medium cycle for supplying heat sources to the vaporizer and the heat exchanger.
그리고, 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예에 따르면, 상기 열매체 사이클은, 열매체 저장탱크, 펌프 및 히터가 순차적으로 설치되고, 상기 히터로부터 상기 기화기로 열매체를 공급한 다음, 상기 열매체 저장탱크로 연결되는 제1 열매체 공급라인과, 상기 히터와 기화기 사이에서 분기되어 상기 열교환기로 열매체를 공급한 다음, 상기 열매체 저장탱크로 연결되는 제2 열매체 공급라인을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다.And, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the heat medium cycle, a heat medium storage tank, a pump, and a heater are sequentially installed, a heat medium is supplied from the heater to the vaporizer, and then a first connection is connected to the heat medium storage tank. It is characterized in that it includes a heat medium supply line and a second heat medium supply line branched between the heater and the vaporizer to supply the heat medium to the heat exchanger and then connected to the heat medium storage tank.
이를 위하여, 상기 혼합기 및 사용처 사이에는 온도 및 압력센서가 각각 구비되고, 상기 액화수소 탱크와 혼합기 사이 및 상기 저장용기와 혼합기 사이에는 제1 제어밸브 및 제2 제어밸브가 각각 구비되어, 상기 온도센서 및 압력센서로부터 신호에 의해 상기 제1 제어밸브 및 제2 제어밸브가 각각 제어되는 것을 특징으로 한다.To this end, temperature and pressure sensors are provided between the mixer and the place of use, respectively, and a first control valve and a second control valve are provided between the liquefied hydrogen tank and the mixer and between the storage container and the mixer, respectively, so that the temperature sensor And it is characterized in that the first control valve and the second control valve are respectively controlled by a signal from a pressure sensor.
그리고, 상기 기화기와 혼합기 사이에는 제3 제어밸브가 더 구비되는 것을 특징으로 한다.And, it is characterized in that a third control valve is further provided between the vaporizer and the mixer.
나아가, 상기 열매체는, 프로판(C3H8), 프로필렌(C3H6) 중 어느 하나 인 것을 특징으로 한다.Furthermore, the heat medium is characterized in that any one of propane (C3H8) and propylene (C3H6).
상술된 바와 같이 본 발명에 따르면 다음과 같은 효과를 기대할 수 있을 것이다.As described above, according to the present invention, the following effects can be expected.
본 발명에 의하면, 액화수소를 기체수소로 사용처에 100% 공급이 가능하도록 하거나, 나아가 액화수소를 기화기를 거쳐 기체수소로 일시적으로 저장한 다음, 필요에 따라 액화수소와 적절하게 혼합하도록 하여 사용처에 공급이 가능하게 된다.According to the present invention, it is possible to supply 100% of liquefied hydrogen to the place of use as gaseous hydrogen, or further temporarily store liquefied hydrogen as gaseous hydrogen through a vaporizer, and then, if necessary, mix it with liquefied hydrogen appropriately to use it. supply is possible.
즉, 액화수소를 저장용기를 거치지 않고 기화시켜 바로 충전이 가능하도록 사용처로 공급되거나, 저장용기에 기체수소를 일시적으로 보관하고, 온도 및 압력센서 및 이와 연동하는 제어밸브를 통하여 액화수소 및 기체수소를 필요에 따라 공급량을 신속하게 증감가능하도록 하여 사용처의 요구 온도 및 압력을 맞추어 공급할 수가 있어 필요시 빠른 충전이 가능한 이점이 있게 된다.That is, liquefied hydrogen is vaporized without going through a storage container and supplied to the place of use so that it can be immediately charged, or gaseous hydrogen is temporarily stored in a storage container, and liquefied hydrogen and gaseous hydrogen are stored through a temperature and pressure sensor and a control valve interlocking with it. It is possible to quickly increase or decrease the supply amount as needed, so that it can be supplied according to the temperature and pressure required by the place of use, so there is an advantage that quick charging is possible when necessary.
또한, 기화기를 인쇄기판형 타입으로 형성하도록 하여 컴팩트한 구성이 가능하며, 아울러 공급되는 열원은 별도 열매체 사이클을 통하여 공급되도록 하여 아이싱 방지가 가능한 효과가 있다.In addition, a compact configuration is possible by forming the vaporizer in a printed board type, and the supplied heat source is supplied through a separate heat medium cycle to prevent icing.
무엇보다도, 필요시 사용처로 바로 기체수소를 공급하여 충전되도록 하거나, 액화수소를 공급받아 기체수소로 소량으로 저장하였다가 사용처로 제공하는 것도 가능하게 되는 등 공급측면에서 매우 큰 효과가 기대된다.Above all, a very large effect is expected in terms of supply, such as supplying gaseous hydrogen directly to the place of use when necessary so that it can be charged, or receiving liquefied hydrogen and storing it in small amounts as gaseous hydrogen before providing it to the place of use.
이와 함께 본 발명의 다른 효과는 이상에서 설명한 실시예 및 본 발명의 청구범위에 기재된 사항뿐만 아니라, 이들로부터 용이하게 추고할 수 있는 범위 내에서 발생할 수 있는 효과 및 산업 발전에 기여하는 잠정적 장점의 가능성들에 의해 보다 넓은 범위로 포섭될 것임을 첨언한다.Along with this, other effects of the present invention are not only the matters described in the above-described embodiments and the claims of the present invention, but also the possibility of potential advantages contributing to the effects and industrial development that can occur within the range that can be easily deduced from them. It is added that it will be embraced in a wider range by
도 1은 본 발명의 액화수소를 이용한 수소 충전시스템의 개략적인 구성도이다.1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a hydrogen charging system using liquefied hydrogen of the present invention.
도 2는 본 발명의 액화수소를 이용한 수소 충전시스템에서 바람직한 제1 실시예를 나타낸 개략적인 구성도이다.Figure 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a first preferred embodiment in the hydrogen charging system using liquefied hydrogen of the present invention.
도 3은 본 발명의 액화수소를 이용한 수소 충전시스템에서 바람직한 제2 실시예를 나타낸 개략적인 구성도이다.Figure 3 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a second preferred embodiment in the hydrogen charging system using liquefied hydrogen of the present invention.
이하에서는 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 상세히 설명하고자 한다. 설명에 앞서 본 발명의 이점 및 특징 및 그것들을 달성하는 방법은 첨부되는 도면과 함께 상세하게 후술되어 있는 실시예들을 참조하면 명확해질 것이다. Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Prior to the description, the advantages and features of the present invention and how to achieve them will become clear with reference to the embodiments described below in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
도 1은 본 발명의 액화수소를 이용한 수소 충전시스템의 개략적인 구성도이다.1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a hydrogen charging system using liquefied hydrogen of the present invention.
먼저, 본원 발명은 크게, 액화수소 탱크(10), 기화기(20) 및 사용처(90)로 구성되고, 여기에 혼합기(30), 액화수소 분기라인(200), 기체수소 분기라인(300) 및 열매체 사이클(400)을 포함하여 구성된다.First, the present invention is largely composed of a liquefied hydrogen tank 10, a vaporizer 20 and a place of use 90, here a mixer 30, a liquefied hydrogen branch line 200, a gaseous hydrogen branch line 300 and It is configured to include a heat medium cycle (400).
상기 액화수소 탱크(10)에는 약 -253℃, 0.6Mpa의 액화수소가 저장되어 있으며, 상기 기화기(vaporizer, 20)에 의해 액화수소가 기화되어 사용처(dispenser, 90)로 공급되게 되는데, 통상 사용처(90)에서 사용요구 조건은 약 -40℃, 약 70Mpa 정도이다.The liquefied hydrogen tank 10 stores liquefied hydrogen at about -253 ° C and 0.6 Mpa, and the liquefied hydrogen is vaporized by the vaporizer 20 and supplied to the dispenser 90, which is usually used. At (90), the required conditions for use are about -40℃ and about 70Mpa.
여기서, 본원 발명에 따르면, 상기 기화기(20)는 인쇄기판형 열교환기(PCHE)로 형성하도록 하여 보다 컴팩트한 구성이 되도록 하는 것이 바람직하다.Here, according to the present invention, it is preferable that the vaporizer 20 be formed as a printed board type heat exchanger (PCHE) to have a more compact configuration.
상기 혼합기(mixer, 30)는 기화기(20)와 사용처(90) 사이 기체수소 라인(100) 상에 구비되며, 여기서 기체수소와 액체수소가 적정하게 혼합된다.The mixer 30 is provided on the gaseous hydrogen line 100 between the vaporizer 20 and the point of use 90, where gaseous hydrogen and liquid hydrogen are properly mixed.
상기 액화수소 분기라인(200)은 액화수소 탱크(10)에서 기화기(20)를 연결하는 액화수소 라인에서 분기, 보다 구체적으로 상기 기화기(20) 전단에서 분기되어 혼합기(30)와 연결되는 것으로, 상기 혼합기(30) 상부에서 액화수소가 분사되도록 연결된다.The liquefied hydrogen branch line 200 is branched from a liquefied hydrogen line connecting the liquefied hydrogen tank 10 to the vaporizer 20, more specifically, branched from the front end of the vaporizer 20 to be connected to the mixer 30, It is connected so that liquid hydrogen is sprayed from the top of the mixer 30.
다음으로, 상기 기체수소 분기라인(300)은 상기 기화기(20) 후단에서 분기되어 혼합기(30)와 연결되는 것으로, 여기에는 열교환기(40) 및 저장용기(50)가 순차적으로 설치된다.Next, the gaseous hydrogen branch line 300 is branched from the rear end of the vaporizer 20 and connected to the mixer 30, where the heat exchanger 40 and the storage container 50 are sequentially installed.
여기서, 상기 저장용기(50)는 열교환기(40)를 통과한 기체수소를 일시적으로 저장하기 위한 공간으로, 본원 발명에 따르면, 상기 저장용기(50)는 캐스케이드 저장용기(cascade storage)일 수 있다.Here, the storage container 50 is a space for temporarily storing gaseous hydrogen that has passed through the heat exchanger 40, and according to the present invention, the storage container 50 may be a cascade storage container. .
*보다 구체적으로, 상기 캐스케이드 저장용기는 개별 저장용기가 복수 개 구비된 것으로, 저장용량 설계를 사용처(90)에 맞추어 자유롭게 할 수 있는 이점이 있다. 즉, 사용처(90)에 필요한 기체수소의 량이 개별 저장용기 하나만 필요한 경우라면 여기에 맞게끔 시스템을 작동되도록 하고, 이 보다 많이 필요한 경우에 점차 늘이는 방식으로 하여 시스템 작동에 따른 비용이 절감되도록 할 수가 있게 된다.* More specifically, the cascade storage container is provided with a plurality of individual storage containers, and has the advantage of being free to design the storage capacity according to the place of use (90). That is, if the amount of gaseous hydrogen required for the place of use 90 is only one individual storage container, the system is operated to suit this, and if more is needed, the cost of operating the system can be reduced by gradually increasing it. there will be
본원 발명에는 상기 기화기(20) 및 열교환기(40)의 열원을 공급하기 위한 열매체 사이클(400)을 더 포함하여 구성된다.The present invention is configured to further include a heat medium cycle 400 for supplying a heat source of the vaporizer 20 and the heat exchanger 40.
여기서, 상기 열매체 사이클(400)은, 열매체 저장탱크(60), 펌프(70) 및 히터(80)가 순차적으로 설치되고, 상기 히터(80)로부터 기화기(20)로 열매체를 공급한 다음, 상기 열매체 저장탱크(60)로 연결되는 제1 열매체 공급라인(420)과, 상기 히터(80)와 기화기(20) 사이에서 분기되어 열교환기(40)로 열매체를 공급한 다음, 상기 열매체 저장탱크(60)로 연결되는 제2 열매체 공급라인(440)을 포함한다.Here, in the heat medium cycle 400, the heat medium storage tank 60, the pump 70, and the heater 80 are sequentially installed, the heat medium is supplied from the heater 80 to the vaporizer 20, and then the The first heat medium supply line 420 connected to the heat medium storage tank 60, branched between the heater 80 and the vaporizer 20 to supply the heat medium to the heat exchanger 40, and then the heat medium storage tank ( 60) and a second heat medium supply line 440 connected to the second heat medium supply line.
상기 열매체는, 기화기(20) 및 열교환기(40)로 열원을 공급하기 위한 것이라면 어떠한 것이라도 무방하나, 본원 발명에서는 빙점이 매우 낮아 극저온 액화수소와의 열교환으로 인하여 발생되기 쉬운 동결문제를 근본적으로 회피할 수 있는 프로판(C3H8), 프로필렌(C3H6) 중 어느 하나이면 바람직하다.The heat medium may be any one as long as it is for supplying a heat source to the vaporizer 20 and the heat exchanger 40, but in the present invention, the freezing point is very low, so the freezing problem that is likely to occur due to heat exchange with cryogenic liquefied hydrogen is fundamentally Any one of propane (C3H8) and propylene (C3H6) that can be avoided is preferable.
이와 같은 열매체 사이클(400)에 의하여, 상기 열매체 저장탱크(60)에 저장된 열매체를 펌프(70)를 통하여 가압한 다음, 히터(80)에 의해 약 40℃로 가열시키고, 가열된 일부 열매체는 제1 열매체 공급라인(420)을 통하여 기화기(20)로 공급되며, 나머지 일부 열매체는 제2 열매체 공급라인(440)을 거쳐 열교환기(40)로 공급된다.By such a heat medium cycle 400, the heat medium stored in the heat medium storage tank 60 is pressurized through the pump 70 and then heated to about 40° C. by the heater 80, and some of the heated heat medium is removed. It is supplied to the vaporizer 20 through one heat medium supply line 420, and some of the remaining heat medium is supplied to the heat exchanger 40 through the second heat medium supply line 440.
한편, 본원 발명은 상기 혼합기(30) 및 사용처(90) 사이에는 온도센서(12) 및 압력센서(14)가 각각 구비되고, 또한 상기 액화수소 탱크(10)와 혼합기(30) 사이 및 상기 저장용기(50)와 혼합기(30) 사이에는 제1 제어밸브(22) 및 제2 제어밸브(24)가 각각 구비된다.Meanwhile, in the present invention, a temperature sensor 12 and a pressure sensor 14 are provided between the mixer 30 and the place of use 90, respectively, and also between the liquefied hydrogen tank 10 and the mixer 30 and the storage A first control valve 22 and a second control valve 24 are provided between the container 50 and the mixer 30, respectively.
그 결과, 상기 온도센서(12) 및 압력센서(14)로부터 신호에 의해 상기 제1 제어밸브(22) 및 제2 제어밸브(24)가 각각 제어되게 된다. As a result, the first control valve 22 and the second control valve 24 are respectively controlled by signals from the temperature sensor 12 and the pressure sensor 14 .
즉, 온도센서(12)로부터 측정된 온도 값이 설정 온도값과 비교하여 높거나 낮을 경우, 상기 액화수소 분기라인(200) 상의 제1 제어밸브(22)를 통과하는 액화수소 량을 적절히 조절하도록 하여 사용처(90)에서 필요로 하는 요구 온도로 맞추게 된다.That is, when the temperature value measured from the temperature sensor 12 is higher or lower than the set temperature value, the amount of liquefied hydrogen passing through the first control valve 22 on the liquefied hydrogen branch line 200 is appropriately adjusted By doing so, it is adjusted to the required temperature required by the place of use (90).
또한, 압력센서(14)로부터 측정된 압력 값이 설정 압력과 비교하여 높거나 낮을 경우, 상기 기체수소 분기라인(300) 상의 제2 제어밸브(24)를 통과하는 기체수소 량을 적절히 조절하도록 하여 사용처(90)에서 필요로 하는 요구 압력으로 맞추게 된다.In addition, when the pressure value measured from the pressure sensor 14 is higher or lower than the set pressure, the amount of gaseous hydrogen passing through the second control valve 24 on the gaseous hydrogen branch line 300 is appropriately adjusted to It is adjusted to the required pressure required by the place of use (90).
따라서, 혼합기(30)를 통과하는 기체수소 라인(100) 상에 구비된 온도센서(12) 및 압력센서(14)에 의해 혼합기(30)로 유입되는 액화수소 및 기체수소 량을 적절하게 제어가 가능하게 된다.Therefore, the amount of liquefied hydrogen and gaseous hydrogen flowing into the mixer 30 can be properly controlled by the temperature sensor 12 and the pressure sensor 14 provided on the gaseous hydrogen line 100 passing through the mixer 30 It becomes possible.
한편, 본 발명에 따르면, 상기 기화기(20)와 혼합기(30) 사이에는 제3 제어밸브(34)가 더 구비되고, 상기 열교환기(40)와 저장용기(50) 사이에는 온도센서(16)가 더 구비된다.Meanwhile, according to the present invention, a third control valve 34 is further provided between the vaporizer 20 and the mixer 30, and a temperature sensor 16 is provided between the heat exchanger 40 and the storage container 50 is further provided.
그리고, 상기 히터(80)와 열교환기(40) 사이 제2 열매체 공급라인(440) 상에 제4 제어밸브(26)와 더 구비되고, 상기 온도센서(16)로부터 신호에 의해 상기 제4 제어밸브(26)가 제어되게 된다. And, a fourth control valve 26 is further provided on the second heating medium supply line 440 between the heater 80 and the heat exchanger 40, and the fourth control by a signal from the temperature sensor 16 Valve 26 will be controlled.
즉, 상기 온도센서(16)로부터 온도값을 입력받아 상기 제2 열매체 공급라인(440) 상의 제4 제어밸브(26)를 제어하여 열교환기(40)로 유입되는 열매체 량을 조절하게 된다.That is, the amount of heat medium flowing into the heat exchanger 40 is adjusted by receiving the temperature value from the temperature sensor 16 and controlling the fourth control valve 26 on the second heat medium supply line 440 .
이상과 같이 구성된 본원 발명을 구체적인 실시예에 대해서 보다 자세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.The present invention configured as described above will be described in more detail with respect to specific embodiments.
(제1 실시예)( First Embodiment )
도 2는 본 발명의 액화수소를 이용한 수소 충전시스템에서 바람직한 제1 실시예를 나타낸 개략적인 구성도이다.Figure 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a first preferred embodiment in the hydrogen charging system using liquefied hydrogen of the present invention.
상기 제1 실시예는 액화수소 탱크(10)에서 기화기(20)를 거쳐 기체 수소를 사용처(90)로 100% 직접 공급되는 것으로, 이때, 액화수소 분기라인(200) 상의 제1 제어밸브(22) 및 기체수소 분기라인(300) 상의 제2 제어밸브(24)는 각각 닫힌 상태로, 그리고 기체수소 라인(100) 상의 제3 제어밸브(34)은 열린 상태이다.In the first embodiment, 100% of gaseous hydrogen is directly supplied from the liquefied hydrogen tank 10 through the vaporizer 20 to the place of use 90. At this time, the first control valve 22 on the liquefied hydrogen branch line 200 ) and the second control valve 24 on the gaseous hydrogen branch line 300 are closed, respectively, and the third control valve 34 on the gaseous hydrogen line 100 is open.
그 결과, 액화수소 탱크(10)로부터 액화수소는 기화기(20)를 거쳐 기체수소 라인(100)을 따라 바로 사용처(90)로 공급되게 되며, 사용처(90)가 예를 들어 차량인 경우에 기체수소가 차량에 충전되게 된다.As a result, the liquefied hydrogen from the liquefied hydrogen tank 10 is directly supplied to the place of use 90 along the gaseous hydrogen line 100 via the vaporizer 20, and the place of use 90 is, for example, a vehicle. Hydrogen will be charged into the vehicle.
보다 자세히 설명하면, 상기 액화수소 탱크(10)에는 -253℃, 0.6Mpa의 액화수소가 저장되어 있으며, 상기 액화수소는 펌프(15)를 거치면서 약 -220℃, 100Mpa의 액화수소로 가압된 후, 열매체 사이클로부터 열원을 공급받은 기화기(20)로 공급되게 된다. 여기서, 상기 펌프(15)는 왕복동 또는 플런저(plunger) 방식일 수 있다.More specifically, the liquefied hydrogen tank 10 stores liquefied hydrogen at -253 ° C and 0.6 Mpa, and the liquefied hydrogen is pressurized with liquefied hydrogen at about 220 ° C and 100 Mpa through the pump 15. Then, it is supplied to the vaporizer 20 receiving the heat source from the heat medium cycle. Here, the pump 15 may be a reciprocating or plunger type.
상기 기화기(20)로 공급된 액화수소는, 상기 기화기(20)를 거치면서 약 -55℃ 정도의 온도를 가지게 되고, 기화기(20)와 혼합기(30) 사이 제3 제어밸브(34)에 의해 약 70Mpa 정도로 감압이 되면서 온도가 약 -40℃로 상승하게 된다.The liquefied hydrogen supplied to the vaporizer 20 has a temperature of about -55 ° C while passing through the vaporizer 20, and the third control valve 34 between the vaporizer 20 and the mixer 30 As the pressure is reduced to about 70Mpa, the temperature rises to about -40℃.
그 결과, 약 -40℃, 약 70Mpa 정도의 기체수소로 사용처(90)에 바로 공급되게 되며, 이때 상기 기체수소는 사용처(90)에 바로 공급되거나, 또는 혼합기(30)를 통과하여 공급될 수도 있음은 물론이다.As a result, gaseous hydrogen at about -40 ° C and about 70Mpa is directly supplied to the place of use 90. At this time, the gaseous hydrogen may be directly supplied to the place of use 90 or supplied through the mixer 30. Of course there is.
한편, 본원 발명에 따르면, 상기 기화기(20)는 인쇄기판형 열교환기(PCHE)로 구성되어 저온고압 유체의 열교환에 매우 유리하나, 약 -220℃, 100Mpa의 액화수소가 지속적으로 공급됨에 따른 아이싱(icing) 현상이 큰 문제로 대두될 수 있다.On the other hand, according to the present invention, the vaporizer 20 is composed of a printed circuit board type heat exchanger (PCHE), which is very advantageous for heat exchange of low-temperature and high-pressure fluid, but icing as liquefied hydrogen of about -220 ° C and 100 Mpa is continuously supplied ( icing) can become a major problem.
이를 위하여 본원 발명의 경우, 프로판(C3H8), 프로필렌(C3H6) 중 어느 하나인 열매체를 사용한 별도 열매체 사이클(400)을 통하여 상기 기화기(20)로 열원을 공급하도록 함으로써 이와 같은 아이싱 문제를 해결하도록 하고 있다.To this end, in the case of the present invention, the heat source is supplied to the vaporizer 20 through a separate heat medium cycle 400 using a heat medium of either propane (C3H8) or propylene (C3H6), thereby solving the icing problem there is.
이상과 같은 본원 발명의 상기 제1 실시예는, 액화수소 탱크(10)에서 기화기(20)를 거쳐 기체수소를 사용처(90)로 100% 직접 공급되는 것으로 이해되어야 한다.In the first embodiment of the present invention as described above, it should be understood that 100% of gaseous hydrogen is directly supplied from the liquefied hydrogen tank 10 to the place of use 90 through the vaporizer 20.
(제2 실시예)( Second Embodiment )
도 3은 본 발명의 액화수소를 이용한 수소 충전시스템에서 바람직한 제2 실시예를 나타낸 개략적인 구성도이다.Figure 3 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a second preferred embodiment in the hydrogen charging system using liquefied hydrogen of the present invention.
상기 제2 실시예는 액화수소 탱크(10)에서 기화기(20) 및 열교환기(40)를 거쳐 기체수소를 저장용기(50)에다 일시적으로 저장시킨 다음, 혼합기에서 액화수소와 혼합하여 사용처(90)로 공급되는 것으로, 이때 액화수소 분기라인(200) 상의 제1 제어밸브(22) 및 기체수소 분기라인(300) 상의 제2 제어밸브(24)는 각각 열린 상태로, 그리고 기체수소 라인(100) 상의 제3 제어밸브(34)은 닫힌 상태이다.In the second embodiment, gaseous hydrogen is temporarily stored in a storage container 50 through a vaporizer 20 and a heat exchanger 40 in a liquefied hydrogen tank 10, and then mixed with liquefied hydrogen in a mixer to use it 90 ), At this time, the first control valve 22 on the liquefied hydrogen branch line 200 and the second control valve 24 on the gaseous hydrogen branch line 300 are in an open state, respectively, and the gaseous hydrogen line 100 The third control valve 34 on ) is in a closed state.
그 결과, 액화수소 탱크(10)로부터 액화수소는 저장용기(50)에 기체수소로 일시적으로 저장된 다음, 필요에 따라 액화수소와 혼합되여 사용처(90)로 공급되게 된다.As a result, the liquefied hydrogen from the liquefied hydrogen tank 10 is temporarily stored as gaseous hydrogen in the storage container 50, and then mixed with liquefied hydrogen as needed to be supplied to the place of use 90.
보다 자세히 설명하면, 상기 액화수소 탱크(10)에는 -253℃, 0.6Mpa의 액화수소가 저장되어 있으며, 상기 액화수소는 펌프(15)를 거치면서 약 -220℃, 100Mpa의 액화수소로 가압된 후, 일부는 기화기(20) 전단에서 분기되는 액화수소 분기라인(200)을 통하여 혼합기(30)로 공급된다.More specifically, the liquefied hydrogen tank 10 stores liquefied hydrogen at -253 ° C and 0.6 Mpa, and the liquefied hydrogen is pressurized with liquefied hydrogen at about 220 ° C and 100 Mpa through the pump 15. After that, some is supplied to the mixer 30 through the liquefied hydrogen branch line 200 branched from the front end of the vaporizer 20.
나머지 일부는 열매체 사이클로부터 열원을 공급받은 기화기(20)로 공급되고, 상기 기화기(20)로 공급된 액화수소는, 상기 기화기(20)를 거치면서 약 -55℃ 정도의 온도로 상기 기화기(20) 후단에서 분기되는 기체수소 분기라인(300)으로 공급되게 된다.The remaining part is supplied to the vaporizer 20 receiving the heat source from the heat medium cycle, and the liquefied hydrogen supplied to the vaporizer 20 passes through the vaporizer 20 at a temperature of about -55 ° C. ) is supplied to the gaseous hydrogen branch line 300 branched at the rear end.
상기 기체수소 분기라인(300)은 열매체 사이클로부터 열원을 공급받은 열교환기(40) 및 저장용기(50)가 순차적으로 설치되어 있고, 최종 혼합기(30)와 연결된다.The gaseous hydrogen branch line 300 is sequentially installed with a heat exchanger 40 supplied with a heat source from a heat medium cycle and a storage container 50, and is connected to the final mixer 30.
상기 기체수소 분기라인(300) 상에 설치된 열교환기(40)를 통과하면서 기체수소는 약 0℃로 되어 상기 저장용기(50)에 일시적으로 저장되었다가 혼합기(30)로 공급되는데, 이때 기체수소의 온도는 대략 20℃ 정도로 사용처의 요구 조건인 -40℃ 보다 월등히 높은 온도이다.While passing through the heat exchanger 40 installed on the gaseous hydrogen branch line 300, gaseous hydrogen becomes about 0° C. and is temporarily stored in the storage container 50 and then supplied to the mixer 30. At this time, gaseous hydrogen The temperature of is about 20 ° C, which is much higher than -40 ° C, which is the requirement of the place of use.
따라서, 기체수소의 온도를 낮추기 위하여 앞서 언급한 바와 같이 상기 액화수소 분기라인(200)을 통하여 약 -220℃, 100Mpa의 액화수소의 일부가 공급되어 상기 혼합기(30) 상부에서 하부로 분사되며, 그 결과 기체수소의 온도가 즉시 낮아지게 된다.Therefore, as mentioned above, in order to lower the temperature of gaseous hydrogen, a portion of liquefied hydrogen at about -220 ° C. and 100 Mpa is supplied through the liquefied hydrogen branch line 200 and injected from the top to the bottom of the mixer 30, As a result, the temperature of the gaseous hydrogen is immediately lowered.
이를 위하여 상기 혼합기(30)와 연결되는 상기 액화수소 분기라인(200)의 단부는 노즐 형태를 구비하는 것이 바람직하다.For this purpose, it is preferable that the end of the liquefied hydrogen branch line 200 connected to the mixer 30 has a nozzle shape.
한편, 상기 혼합기(30)와 사용처(90) 사이 기체수소 라인(100) 상에는 온도센서(12) 및 압력센서(14)가 각각 구비되어 있고, 상기 온도센서(12) 및 압력센서(14)로부터 신호에 의해 상기 제1 제어밸브(22) 및 제2 제어밸브(24)가 각각 제어되게 된다.On the other hand, a temperature sensor 12 and a pressure sensor 14 are provided on the gaseous hydrogen line 100 between the mixer 30 and the place of use 90, respectively, and from the temperature sensor 12 and the pressure sensor 14 The first control valve 22 and the second control valve 24 are respectively controlled by the signal.
즉, 상기 온도센서(12)로부터 측정된 온도 값을 설정 온도값과 비교하여 액화수소 분기라인(200) 상의 제1 제어밸브(22)를 통과하는 액화수소 량을 적절히 조절하도록 하여 사용처(90)에서 필요로 하는 요구 온도로 맞추게 되고, 또한, 상기 압력센서(14)로부터 측정된 압력 값이 설정 압력과 비교하여 기체수소 분기라인(300) 상의 제2 제어밸브(24)를 통과하는 기체수소 량을 적절히 조절하도록 하여 사용처(90)에서 필요로 하는 요구 압력으로 맞추게 된다.That is, by comparing the temperature value measured by the temperature sensor 12 with the set temperature value, the amount of liquefied hydrogen passing through the first control valve 22 on the liquefied hydrogen branch line 200 is appropriately adjusted so that the user 90 The amount of gaseous hydrogen passing through the second control valve 24 on the gaseous hydrogen branch line 300 by comparing the pressure value measured from the pressure sensor 14 with the set pressure. It is adjusted to the required pressure required by the place of use 90 by appropriately adjusting.
따라서, 사용처(90)로 공급되는 기체수소의 온도는 혼합기(30)로 공급되는 액화수소 량으로, 그리고 사용처(90)로 공급되는 기체수소의 압력은 혼합기(30)로 공급되는 기체수소 량으로 필요에 따라 공급량을 신속하게 증감가능하도록 하여 사용처(90)의 요구 온도 및 압력을 맞출 수가 있게 된다.Therefore, the temperature of gaseous hydrogen supplied to the place of use 90 is the amount of liquefied hydrogen supplied to the mixer 30, and the pressure of the gaseous hydrogen supplied to the place of use 90 is the amount of gaseous hydrogen supplied to the mixer 30 It is possible to quickly increase or decrease the supply amount as needed to meet the required temperature and pressure of the place of use (90).
이상과 같은 본원 발명의 상기 제2 실시예는, 액화수소 탱크(10)에서 기화기(20) 및 열교환기(40)를 거쳐 기체수소를 저장용기(50)에다 일시적으로 저장하도록 한 다음, 필요시 즉시 사용처로 공급되는 것으로 이해되어야 한다.In the second embodiment of the present invention as described above, gaseous hydrogen is temporarily stored in the storage container 50 through the vaporizer 20 and the heat exchanger 40 in the liquefied hydrogen tank 10, and then, if necessary, It should be understood that it is immediately supplied to the place of use.
아울러, 본원 발명에서 상기 저장용기(50)는 바람직하게는, 캐스케이드 저장용기로써, 이는 개별 저장용기가 복수 개 구비된 것으로 저장용량 설계를 사용처에 맞추어 자유롭게 할 수 있는 이점이 있음은 앞서 언급한 바와 같다. In addition, in the present invention, the storage container 50 is preferably a cascade storage container, which is provided with a plurality of individual storage containers, and has the advantage of freely adjusting the storage capacity design according to the place of use, as mentioned above. same.
이상과 같이 이루어진 본원 발명은, 액화수소로부터 기체수소로 사용처로 바로 공급되도록 하거나, 저장용기에다 일시적으로 저장하도록 한 다음, 필요시 사용가능하도록 하는 액화수소를 이용한 수소 충전시스템을 기본적인 기술적 사상으로 하고 있으며, 본원 발명의 기본적인 기술적인 사상의 범주 내에서, 당업계의 통상의 지식을 가진 자에게 있어서는 다른 많은 변형이 가능함은 물론이다.The present invention made as described above, as a basic technical idea, is a hydrogen charging system using liquefied hydrogen that can be supplied directly from liquefied hydrogen to gaseous hydrogen, or temporarily stored in a storage container, and then used when necessary. And, of course, many other modifications are possible to those skilled in the art within the scope of the basic technical idea of the present invention.

Claims (5)

  1. 액화수소 탱크에 저장된 액화상태의 수소를 기화기를 통하여 일정 온도로 기화시켜 기체상태로 사용처에 공급하는 액화수소를 이용한 수소 충전시스템에 있어서, In the hydrogen charging system using liquefied hydrogen, which vaporizes liquefied hydrogen stored in a liquefied hydrogen tank at a certain temperature through a vaporizer and supplies it to a user in a gaseous state,
    상기 기화기와 사용처 사이 기체수소 라인상에 구비되는 혼합기와,A mixer provided on the gaseous hydrogen line between the vaporizer and the place of use;
    상기 기화기 전단에서 분기되어 상기 혼합기와 연결되는 것으로, 상기 혼합기 상부에서 액화수소가 분사되도록 연결되는 액화수소 분기라인과,A liquefied hydrogen branch line branched from the front end of the vaporizer and connected to the mixer, and connected to spray liquefied hydrogen from the top of the mixer;
    상기 기화기 후단에서 분기되어 상기 혼합기와 연결되는 것으로, 열교환기 및 저장용기가 순차적으로 설치되는 기체수소 분기라인, 및A gaseous hydrogen branch line branched from the rear end of the vaporizer and connected to the mixer, in which a heat exchanger and a storage container are sequentially installed, and
    상기 기화기 및 열교환기의 열원을 공급하기 위한 열매체 사이클을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 액화수소를 이용한 수소 충전시스템.A hydrogen charging system using liquefied hydrogen, characterized in that it comprises a heat medium cycle for supplying heat sources of the vaporizer and the heat exchanger.
  2. 제1항에 있어서, According to claim 1,
    상기 열매체 사이클은,The heat medium cycle,
    열매체 저장탱크, 펌프 및 히터가 순차적으로 설치되고, 상기 히터로부터 상기 기화기로 열매체를 공급한 다음, 상기 열매체 저장탱크로 연결되는 제1 열매체 공급라인과,A first heat medium supply line in which a heat medium storage tank, a pump, and a heater are sequentially installed, supplying heat medium from the heater to the vaporizer, and then connected to the heat medium storage tank;
    상기 히터와 기화기 사이에서 분기되어 상기 열교환기로 열매체를 공급한 다음, 상기 열매체 저장탱크로 연결되는 제2 열매체 공급라인을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 액화수소를 이용한 수소 충전시스템.A hydrogen charging system using liquefied hydrogen, characterized in that it comprises a second heat medium supply line branched between the heater and the vaporizer to supply a heat medium to the heat exchanger and then connected to the heat medium storage tank.
  3. 제1항에 있어서,According to claim 1,
    상기 혼합기 및 사용처 사이에는 온도 및 압력센서가 각각 구비되고, Temperature and pressure sensors are provided between the mixer and the place of use, respectively,
    상기 액화수소 탱크와 혼합기 사이 및 상기 저장용기와 혼합기 사이에는 제1 제어밸브 및 제2 제어밸브가 각각 구비되어, A first control valve and a second control valve are provided between the liquefied hydrogen tank and the mixer and between the storage container and the mixer, respectively,
    상기 온도센서 및 압력센서로부터 신호에 의해 상기 제1 제어밸브 및 제2 제어밸브가 각각 제어되는 것을 특징으로 하는 액화수소를 이용한 수소 충전시스템.The hydrogen charging system using liquefied hydrogen, characterized in that the first control valve and the second control valve are respectively controlled by signals from the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor.
  4. 제3항에 있어서,According to claim 3,
    상기 기화기와 혼합기 사이에는 제3 제어밸브가 더 구비되는 것을 특징으로 하는 액화수소를 이용한 수소 충전시스템.A hydrogen charging system using liquefied hydrogen, characterized in that a third control valve is further provided between the vaporizer and the mixer.
  5. 제1항 내지 제4항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,According to any one of claims 1 to 4,
    상기 열매체는, 프로판(C3H8), 프로필렌(C3H6) 중 어느 하나 인 것을 특징으로 액화수소를 이용한 수소 충전시스템.The heat medium is a hydrogen charging system using liquefied hydrogen, characterized in that any one of propane (C3H8) and propylene (C3H6).
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