WO2023040541A1 - 一种充放电装置及车辆 - Google Patents

一种充放电装置及车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023040541A1
WO2023040541A1 PCT/CN2022/112542 CN2022112542W WO2023040541A1 WO 2023040541 A1 WO2023040541 A1 WO 2023040541A1 CN 2022112542 W CN2022112542 W CN 2022112542W WO 2023040541 A1 WO2023040541 A1 WO 2023040541A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
conversion circuit
direct current
charging
discharging device
voltage
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/112542
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张维
封宁波
崔兆雪
Original Assignee
华为数字能源技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为数字能源技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为数字能源技术有限公司
Priority to EP22868917.0A priority Critical patent/EP4380002A1/en
Publication of WO2023040541A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023040541A1/zh
Priority to US18/605,577 priority patent/US20240246433A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
    • B60L1/02—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to electric heating circuits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B60L53/22—Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/023—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for transmission of signals between vehicle parts or subsystems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
    • B60R16/033—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for characterised by the use of electrical cells or batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with provisions for charging different types of batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H2001/3286—Constructional features
    • B60H2001/3292—Compressor drive is electric only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/30—AC to DC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/40—DC to AC converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of new energy vehicles, in particular to a charging and discharging device and a vehicle.
  • Electric vehicles such as on-board charger (OBC), air-conditioning compressor, positive temperature coefficient (PTC) heater and other electrical equipment on electric vehicles are separate components, and both OBC and electrical equipment are equipped with The respective controllers also need to be configured with separate power distribution cables.
  • OBC on-board charger
  • PTC positive temperature coefficient
  • the OBC, air conditioner compressor, PTC heater, motor control unit (MCU), etc. are connected to the battery after passing through a high-voltage power distribution unit (power distributor unit, PDU).
  • the battery can be a high-voltage power battery or a low-voltage battery.
  • the OBC converts the input AC power into DC power and charges the battery through the PDU; the DC power output from the battery is distributed to different electrical equipment through the PDU, such as air-conditioning compressors, PTC heaters, MCUs, etc.
  • each electrical device is configured with a separate controller, and the OBC is also configured with a controller.
  • both the OBC and the electrical equipment need to be equipped with a controller, and a separate power distribution cable also needs to be configured, resulting in a complex structure and layout of the electric vehicle, low integration, and high cost.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a charging and discharging device and a vehicle, which are used to reduce the complexity of the structural layout of the electric vehicle, improve the integration of the electric vehicle, and reduce the cost of the electric vehicle.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a charging and discharging device.
  • the charging and discharging device includes an AC/DC conversion circuit, a DC/DC conversion circuit, a DC/AC conversion circuit, a controller, and a first electric device; wherein, the AC/DC conversion circuit is used to convert the inputted first An alternating current is converted into a first direct current; the DC/DC conversion circuit is coupled with the AC/DC conversion circuit for rectifying the first direct current, outputting a second direct current and a third direct current, the second direct current is used to charge the power battery, and the second The three direct currents are used to charge the low-voltage battery; the DC/AC conversion circuit is coupled with the power battery, and is used to convert the fourth direct current output by the power battery into a second alternating current, and the second alternating current is used to supply power to the first electric device; the controller Coupling with AC/DC conversion circuit, DC/DC conversion circuit and DC/AC conversion circuit, used to control the output voltage and/or output current of AC
  • the first electric device may be an air conditioner compressor.
  • the AC/DC conversion circuit and the DC/DC conversion circuit are used to realize the function of the OBC, and the DC/AC conversion circuit is used to realize the kinetic energy for powering the first electric device.
  • the charging and discharging device provided in the first aspect only includes one controller for controlling the AC/DC conversion circuit, the DC/DC conversion circuit and the output voltage and/or output current of the DC/AC conversion circuit. That is to say, the functional modules used to charge the vehicle battery (low-voltage battery and power battery) and the functional modules used to supply power to the first electric device are controlled by a controller.
  • the number of controllers and distribution cables can be saved, thereby reducing the complexity of the structural layout of the electric vehicle, improving the integration of the electric vehicle, and reducing the cost of the electric vehicle.
  • the charging and discharging device provided in the first aspect may further include a first high-voltage filter circuit.
  • the first high-voltage filter circuit is coupled with the DC/DC conversion circuit, and is used for performing high-voltage filtering on the second direct current to obtain a fifth direct current, which is used for charging the power battery.
  • the second direct current can be filtered by the first high-voltage filter circuit, so as to charge the power battery.
  • the charging and discharging device provided in the first aspect may further include a low-voltage filter circuit.
  • the low-voltage filtering circuit is coupled with the DC/DC conversion circuit, and is used for performing low-voltage filtering on the third direct current to obtain a sixth direct current, which is used for charging the low-voltage battery.
  • the third direct current can be filtered by the low-voltage filter circuit, so as to charge the low-voltage battery.
  • the controller includes a main control chip.
  • the main control chip is used to control the AC/DC conversion circuit, the DC/DC conversion circuit and the output voltage and/or output current of the DC/AC conversion circuit according to the received reference signal.
  • the reference signal may be at least one of a CAN communication signal of a controller area network, a LIN communication signal of a local internet, a level signal, a pulse width modulation PWM signal, and a temperature sampling signal.
  • each conversion circuit can be controlled by the main control chip in the controller.
  • a signal filter circuit may also be included in the controller.
  • the signal filtering circuit is used to receive the reference signal, and output the reference signal to the main control chip after filtering the reference signal.
  • the reference signal is generated externally and transmitted to the main control chip through the signal filtering circuit.
  • the controller may further include a vehicle controller VCU for generating a reference signal and outputting the reference signal to the main control chip.
  • the reference signal is generated by the VCU inside the controller and transmitted to the main control chip.
  • the VCU is also used to generate control instructions, which are used to control the entire vehicle;
  • the charging and discharging device also includes a signal filter circuit coupled with the VCU, used to filter the control instructions and output them.
  • the VCU is not only used to generate the reference signal, but also used to realize the control of the whole vehicle, and the control command generated by it is transmitted through the signal filter circuit.
  • the controller also includes an auxiliary source circuit.
  • the auxiliary source circuit is coupled with the low-voltage battery, and is used for converting the seventh direct current output by the low-voltage battery into the eighth direct current, and the eighth direct current is used for powering the main control chip.
  • the main control chip can be powered through the auxiliary source circuit.
  • the controller may also include peripheral circuits such as a sampling circuit, a driving circuit, a protection circuit and a communication circuit, and these peripheral circuits may also be powered by an auxiliary source circuit.
  • the auxiliary source circuit may include multiple conversion modules for generating different voltages to supply power to different circuits.
  • the DC/DC conversion circuit can also rectify the first direct current to output a ninth direct current, and the ninth direct current is used to supply power to the second electric device.
  • the second electric device may be a positive temperature coefficient PTC heater.
  • the DC-powered second electrical equipment can be powered through the DC/DC conversion circuit.
  • the charging and discharging device provided in the first aspect may further include a second high voltage filter circuit.
  • the second high-voltage filter circuit is coupled with the DC/DC conversion circuit, and is used for performing high-voltage filtering on the ninth direct current to obtain the tenth direct current, which is used to supply power to the second electrical equipment.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a vehicle, the vehicle includes a power battery, a low-voltage battery, and the charging and discharging device provided in the above-mentioned first aspect and any possible design thereof; wherein, the charging and discharging device is used for power Batteries and low-voltage battery charging.
  • the charging and discharging device includes an air-conditioning compressor, and the air-conditioning compressor is used to cool or heat the vehicle.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging and discharging system provided by the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an OBC provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an air-conditioning compressor provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the first charging and discharging device provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a second charging and discharging device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a third charging and discharging device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the OBC and the electrical equipment are two independent modules, and both the OBC and the electrical equipment are equipped with a controller.
  • FIG. 2 a possible structural diagram of the OBC may be shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the input AC power is filtered by the input filter circuit and then output to the AC (alternating current, AC)/DC (direct current, DC) conversion circuit.
  • the filter circuit and the high-voltage filter circuit charge the low-voltage battery and the high-voltage power battery.
  • the OBC also includes a signal filter circuit and a controller.
  • the signal filter circuit is used to receive low-voltage power supply signals, controller area network (CAN) communication signals, local interconnect network (LIN) communication signals, wake-up signals, light emitting diode (light emitting diode, LED) indicators Reference signals such as drive signal, pulse width modulation (PWM) signal, high and low level control signal, electronic lock drive signal, temperature sampling signal, contactor adhesion detection signal, etc., the controller is used to control AC/DC based on the above reference signal The output voltage/output current of the conversion circuit and the DC/DC conversion circuit are controlled.
  • CAN controller area network
  • LIN local interconnect network
  • PWM pulse width modulation
  • PWM pulse width modulation
  • the controller is used to control AC/DC based on the above reference signal
  • the output voltage/output current of the conversion circuit and the DC/DC conversion circuit are controlled.
  • FIG. 3 a possible structural diagram of an air conditioner compressor may be shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the direct current output by the high-voltage battery is filtered by the high-voltage filter circuit and then output to the DC/AC conversion circuit, and the converted alternating current is used to power the compressor.
  • the air conditioner compressor also includes a signal filter circuit and a controller, the signal filter circuit is used to receive the reference signal, and the controller is used to control the output voltage/output current of the DC/AC conversion circuit according to the reference signal.
  • both the OBC and the electrical equipment need to be equipped with a controller, and a separate power distribution cable also needs to be configured, resulting in a complex structure and layout of the electric vehicle, low integration, and high cost.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a charging and discharging device, which has both the functions of the OBC and the electrical equipment in the charging and discharging system shown in Figure 1, wherein the electrical equipment can be an air conditioner compressor or a PTC heater; OBC and electrical equipment share a controller.
  • the electrical equipment can be an air conditioner compressor or a PTC heater; OBC and electrical equipment share a controller.
  • the charging and discharging device 400 includes an AC/DC converting circuit 401 , a DC/DC converting circuit 402 , a DC/AC converting circuit 403 , a controller 404 and a first electric device 405 .
  • the AC/DC conversion circuit 401 is used to convert the input first alternating current into a first direct current;
  • the DC/DC conversion circuit 402 is coupled with the AC/DC conversion circuit 401, and is used to rectify the first direct current and output the second direct current and the third direct current, the second direct current is used to charge the power battery, and the third direct current is used to charge the low-voltage battery;
  • the DC/AC conversion circuit 403 is coupled with the power battery, and is used to convert the fourth direct current output by the power battery into the second Alternating current, the second alternating current is used to supply power to the first electrical equipment 405;
  • the controller 404 is coupled with the AC/DC conversion circuit 401, the DC/DC conversion circuit 402 and the DC/AC conversion circuit 403, and is used for the AC/DC conversion circuit 401, the output voltage and/or output current of the DC/DC conversion circuit 402 and the DC/AC conversion circuit 403 are controlled.
  • the first alternating current may be single-phase alternating current or three-phase alternating current.
  • the charging and discharging device 400 includes only one controller for controlling the output voltage and/or output current of the AC/DC converting circuit 401 , the DC/DC converting circuit 402 and the DC/AC converting circuit 403 .
  • the functional modules for charging the vehicle battery (low-voltage battery and power battery) and the functional modules for supplying power to the first electric device 405 are controlled by a controller, compared with the solutions in the prior art , can save the number of configurations of the controller and distribution cables, thereby reducing the complexity of the structural layout of the electric vehicle, improving the integration of the electric vehicle, and reducing the cost of the electric vehicle.
  • the charge-discharge device 400 may also include a first high-voltage filter circuit, which is coupled to the DC/DC conversion circuit 402, and is used to perform high-voltage filter on the second direct current to obtain a fifth direct current, which is used for the fifth direct current. For charging the power battery.
  • a first high-voltage filter circuit which is coupled to the DC/DC conversion circuit 402, and is used to perform high-voltage filter on the second direct current to obtain a fifth direct current, which is used for the fifth direct current. For charging the power battery.
  • the charge-discharge device 400 may further include a low-voltage filter circuit, which is coupled with the DC/DC conversion circuit 402, and is used for performing low-voltage filtering on the third direct current to obtain a sixth direct current, which is used for supplying low-voltage Charging batteries.
  • a low-voltage filter circuit which is coupled with the DC/DC conversion circuit 402, and is used for performing low-voltage filtering on the third direct current to obtain a sixth direct current, which is used for supplying low-voltage Charging batteries.
  • the filter circuit is used to filter out ripples and interference signals in the voltage signal
  • the filter circuit may be a filter capacitor, or a filter inductor, or a complex filter circuit including a filter capacitor and a filter inductor.
  • the controller 404 is used to control the output voltage/output current of the three conversion circuits in the charging and discharging device.
  • the controller 404 may include a main control chip, and the main control chip is used to control the output voltages and / or output current control.
  • the reference signal can be a low-voltage power supply signal, CAN communication signal, LIN communication signal, wake-up signal, LED indicator driving signal, PWM signal, level signal, electronic lock driving signal, temperature sampling signal, contactor adhesion detection signal, etc. at least one of the signals.
  • the number of the main control chip in the controller 404 may be one or multiple. If the number of the main control chip is one, the main control chip is used to realize the control of the three conversion circuits; if the number of the main control chip is multiple, then multiple main control chips cooperate to realize the control of the three conversion circuits
  • the cooperation method may be that different main control chips are used to control different conversion circuits, or that multiple main control chips cooperate with each other in the process to jointly realize the control of the three conversion circuits.
  • the controller 404 may further include an auxiliary source circuit coupled to the low-voltage battery for converting the seventh direct current output by the low-voltage battery into an eighth direct current, and the eighth direct current is used for powering the main control chip. That is to say, the auxiliary source circuit is used to provide power for the main control chip.
  • controller 404 may also include some peripheral circuits, such as a sampling circuit, a driving circuit, a protection circuit and a communication circuit, etc., which will not be repeated here.
  • the auxiliary source circuit can also transform the seventh direct current output by the low-voltage battery, so as to supply power to the above-mentioned peripheral circuits such as the sampling circuit, the driving circuit, and the communication circuit. That is to say, the auxiliary source circuit may include multiple modules, and the multiple modules are respectively used to supply power to different circuits/devices.
  • the controller 404 needs to obtain reference signals to complete the control of the AC/DC conversion circuit 401 , the DC/DC conversion circuit 402 and the DC/AC conversion circuit 403 . In practical applications, these reference signals can be generated internally by the controller 404 or obtained externally. The two implementation methods are introduced respectively below.
  • the charging and discharging device 400 may further include a signal filter circuit, the signal filter circuit is used to receive an externally input reference signal, and convert the reference signal to After filtering, it is output to the main control chip.
  • the reference signal can be generated by an external vehicle control unit (VCU); in addition, the reference signal can also be generated by a thermal management system (TMS).
  • VCU vehicle control unit
  • TMS thermal management system
  • the signal filtering circuit is also used to output the reference signal or the control command generated by the controller 404 for use by other external components.
  • the reference signal required by the controller 404 is internally generated by the controller 404 .
  • the controller 404 may further include a VCU, and the VCU is used to generate a reference signal and output the reference signal to the main control chip.
  • the TMS may also be included in the controller 404 . Similar to the first implementation, in practical applications, the VCU may be used to generate part of the reference signal, and the TMS may be used to generate part of the reference signal.
  • the VCU is also used to generate a control instruction according to the acquired state of the vehicle and the driver's operation intention, and the control instruction is used to realize the control of the vehicle.
  • the charging and discharging device 400 may also include a signal filter circuit, the The signal filter circuit is used to filter the control command and output it, and other components can perform corresponding operations according to the control command, thereby realizing the control of the whole vehicle.
  • the process for the VCU to realize the control of the whole vehicle is a prior art, and will not be repeated here.
  • main control chip, VCU, TMS and other modules in the controller 404 may need to obtain some signals or instructions in practical applications, and these signals or instructions can also be input through the signal filter circuit.
  • the DC/DC conversion circuit 402 may also rectify the first direct current to output a ninth direct current, and the ninth direct current is used to supply power to the second electric device.
  • the second electric device may be a PTC heater.
  • the aforementioned first power-consuming device is a device powered by AC
  • the second power-consuming device is a device powered by DC.
  • the functional modules used to charge the battery (power battery and low-voltage battery) and the functional modules used to supply power to the electric device (including the first electric device 405 and the second electric device) are integrated In one module, and share one controller 404 .
  • the charge-discharge device 400 may also include a second high-voltage filter circuit, coupled with the DC/DC conversion circuit 402, for performing high-voltage filtering on the ninth direct current to obtain a tenth direct current, which is used for the second Power supply for electrical equipment.
  • a second high-voltage filter circuit coupled with the DC/DC conversion circuit 402, for performing high-voltage filtering on the ninth direct current to obtain a tenth direct current, which is used for the second Power supply for electrical equipment.
  • the charging and discharging device provided by the embodiment of the present application is used to realize the functional modules for charging the battery (that is, the AC/DC conversion circuit 401 and the DC/DC conversion circuit 402 ) and to implement the first electric device 405
  • the functional modules for power supply are integrated in one module and share one controller, so compared with the solutions in the prior art, the number of configurations of controllers and power distribution cables can be saved, thereby reducing the complexity of the structural layout of electric vehicles Degree, improve the integration of electric vehicles, reduce the cost of electric vehicles.
  • the first electric device 405 may also be regarded as an independent module other than the charging and discharging device 400 . This is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the charging and discharging device provided in the embodiment of the present application will be introduced below through a specific example.
  • the charging and discharging device shown in FIG. 5 can be regarded as a specific example of the charging and discharging device 400 .
  • the charging and discharging device includes an AC input interface, a low-voltage battery interface, a high-voltage battery interface, a signal interface, an input filter circuit, an AC/DC conversion circuit, a DC/DC conversion circuit, a low-voltage filter circuit, a controller, a signal A filter circuit, a DC/AC conversion circuit, a first high-voltage filter circuit and a compressor.
  • the controller includes auxiliary source circuit, main control chip and its peripheral circuits, such as sampling circuit, driving circuit, protection circuit, communication circuit and so on. VCU and TMS can be integrated in the controller.
  • the AC input interface can be connected to a single-phase or three-phase AC input
  • the low-voltage battery interface is connected to a 12V low-voltage battery
  • the high-voltage battery interface is connected to a high-voltage power battery on an electric vehicle
  • the signal interface is an external communication or other signal interface for transmitting the aforementioned reference signal.
  • the module for charging the low-voltage battery and the high-voltage battery and the air-conditioning compressor share a signal interface, a signal filtering circuit, a controller, a first high-voltage filtering circuit, and a high-voltage battery interface. Therefore, the cost of integration is lower.
  • the shells of the OBC and the air conditioner compressor can be integrated together, and both share one shell or be composed of multiple structural parts, which can further reduce the integrated volume.
  • the charging and discharging device shown in FIG. 5 may further include a second high voltage filter circuit, as shown in FIG. 6 .
  • the second high-voltage filter circuit performs high-voltage filter on the direct current output by the DC/DC conversion circuit to supply power for the PTC heater.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a vehicle.
  • the vehicle 700 includes a power battery 701 , a low-voltage battery 702 and the aforementioned charging and discharging device 400 .
  • the charging and discharging device 400 is used for charging the power battery 701 and the low voltage battery 702 .
  • the charging and discharging device 400 may include an air conditioner compressor, and the air conditioner compressor is used to cool or heat the vehicle 700 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本申请实施例公开了一种充放电装置及车辆，用以降低车辆结构布局复杂度，提高车辆的集成度。充放电装置包括：AC/DC变换电路，用于将输入的第一交流电转换为第一直流电；DC/DC变换电路与AC/DC变换电路耦合，用于对第一直流电进行整流，输出第二直流电和第三直流电，分别用于给动力电池以及低压电池充电；DC/AC变换电路与动力电池耦合，用于将动力电池输出的第四直流电转换为第二交流电，第二交流电用于为用电设备供电；控制器与AC/DC变换电路、DC/DC变换电路以及DC/AC变换电路耦合，用于对AC/DC变换电路、DC/DC变换电路以及DC/AC变换电路的输出电压和/或输出电流进行控制。

Description

一种充放电装置及车辆
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2021年09月14日提交中华人民共和国专利局、申请号为202111072647.1、申请名称为“一种充放电装置及车辆”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及新能源汽车领域，尤其涉及一种充放电装置及车辆。
背景技术
当前电动汽车上的车载充电机(on board charger，OBC)和空调压缩机、正温度系数(positive temperature coefficient，PTC)加热器等用电设备是单独的部件，OBC和用电设备中都设置有各自的控制器，同时还需要配置单独的配电线缆。
如图1所示，OBC、空调压缩机、PTC加热器、电机控制器(motor control unit，MCU)等经过高压配电单元(power distributor unit，PDU)后和电池连接。其中，电池可以是高压动力电池，也可以是低压电池。实际应用中，OBC将输入的交流电转换为直流电，并经过PDU为电池充电；电池输出的直流电经过PDU分配给不同的用电设备，如空调压缩机、PTC加热器、MCU等。其中，每个用电设备中都配置有单独的控制器，OBC中也配置有控制器。
采用图1所示的架构，OBC和用电设备中均需配置控制器，同时还需要配置单独的配电线缆，导致电动汽车结构布局复杂，集成度低、成本高。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种充放电装置及车辆，用以降低电动汽车的结构布局的复杂度，提高电动汽车的集成度、降低电动汽车的成本。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供在一种充放电装置。具体地，该充放电装置包括交流AC/直流DC变换电路、DC/DC变换电路、DC/AC变换电路、控制器及第一用电设备；其中，AC/DC变换电路用于将输入的第一交流电转换为第一直流电；DC/DC变换电路与AC/DC变换电路耦合，用于对第一直流电进行整流，输出第二直流电和第三直流电，第二直流电用于给动力电池充电，第三直流电用于给低压电池充电；DC/AC变换电路与动力电池耦合，用于将动力电池输出的第四直流电转换为第二交流电，第二交流电用于为第一用电设备供电；控制器与AC/DC变换电路、DC/DC变换电路以及DC/AC变换电路耦合，用于对AC/DC变换电路、DC/DC变换电路以及DC/AC变换电路的输出电压和/或输出电流进行控制。
其中，该第一用电设备可以为空调压缩机。
在第一方面提供的充放电装置中，AC/DC变换电路和DC/DC变换电路用于实现OBC的功能，DC/AC变换电路用于实现为第一用电设备供电的动能。第一方面提供的充放电装置中仅包括一个控制器，用于控制AC/DC变换电路、DC/DC变换电路以及DC/AC变换电 路的输出电压和/或输出电流。也就是说，用于为车载电池(低压电池和动力电池)充电的功能模块和用于为第一用电设备供电的功能模块通过一个控制器进行控制，与现有技术中的方案相比，可以节省控制器及配电线缆的配置数量，因而可以降低电动汽车的结构布局的复杂度，提高电动汽车的集成度、降低电动汽车的成本。
在一种可能的设计中，第一方面提供的充放电装置中还可以包括第一高压滤波电路。第一高压滤波电路与DC/DC变换电路耦合，用于对第二直流电进行高压滤波，得到第五直流电，第五直流电用于给动力电池充电。
采用上述方案，可以通过第一高压滤波电路对第二直流电进行滤波，从而为动力电池充电。
在一种可能的设计中，第一方面提供的充放电装置中还可以包括低压滤波电路。低压滤波电路与DC/DC变换电路耦合，用于对第三直流电进行低压滤波，得到第六直流电，第六直流电用于给低压电池充电。
采用上述方案，可以通过低压滤波电路对第三直流电进行滤波，从而为低压电池充电。
在一种可能的设计中，控制器中包括主控芯片。主控芯片用于根据接收到的参考信号对AC/DC变换电路、DC/DC变换电路以及DC/AC变换电路的输出电压和/或输出电流进行控制。
其中，参考信号可以为控制器局域网络CAN通信信号、本地互连网LIN通信信号、电平信号、脉冲宽度调制PWM信号、温度采样信号中的至少一种。
采用上述方案，可以通过控制器中的主控芯片对各个变换电路进行控制。
此外，控制器中还可以包括信号滤波电路。信号滤波电路用于接收参考信号，对参考信号进行滤波后输出至主控芯片。
采用上述方案，参考信号由外部产生，并通过信号滤波电路传输给主控芯片。
在另一种可能的设计中，控制器中还可以包括整车控制器VCU，用于产生参考信号，并将参考信号输出至主控芯片。
采用上述方案，参考信号由控制器内部的VCU产生，并传输给主控芯片。
进一步地，VCU还用于产生控制指令，该控制指令用于实现对整车的控制；充放电装置还包括与VCU耦合的信号滤波电路，用于将控制指令进行滤波后输出。
采用上述方案，VCU除了用于产生参考信号以外，还用于实现对整车的控制，其产生的控制指令通过信号滤波电路传输出去。
在一种可能的设计中，控制器中还包括辅源电路。辅源电路与低压电池耦合，用于将低压电池输出的第七直流电转换为第八直流电，第八直流电用于为主控芯片供电。
采用上述方案，可以通过辅源电路为主控芯片供电。
此外，控制器中还可以包括采样电路、驱动电路、保护电路和通信电路等***电路，这些***电路也可以由辅源电路供电。实际应用中，辅源电路中可以包括多个变换模块，用于产生不同的电压，为不同的电路供电。
在一种可能的设计中，DC/DC变换电路还可以对第一直流电进行整流，输出第九直流电，第九直流电用于为第二用电设备供电。
其中，第二用电设备可以为正温度系数PTC加热器。
采用上述方案，可以通过DC/DC变换电路为直流供电的第二用电设备供电。
进一步地，第一方面提供的充放电装置中还可以包括第二高压滤波电路。第二高压滤 波电路与DC/DC变换电路耦合，用于对第九直流电进行高压滤波，得到第十直流电，第十直流电用于为第二用电设备供电。
第二方面，本申请实施例还提供一种车辆，该车辆包括动力电池、低压电池以及上述第一方面及其任一可能的设计中提供的充放电装置；其中，充放电装置用于为动力电池和低压电池充电。
在一种可能的设计中，充放电装置中包括空调压缩机，所述空调压缩机用于给车辆制冷或制热。
另外，应理解，第二方面及其任一种可能设计方式所带来的技术效果可参见第一方面中不同设计方式所带来的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
附图说明
图1为现有技术提供的一种充放电***的结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种OBC的结构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种空调压缩机的结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的第一种充放电装置的结构示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的第二种充放电装置的结构示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的第三种充放电装置的结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种车辆的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
如背景技术中所述，在图1所示的充放电***中，OBC和用电设备是两个独立的模块，OBC和用电设备中均配置有控制器。
示例性地，OBC的一种可能的结构示意图可以如图2所示。在图2中，输入的交流电经过输入滤波电路进行滤波后输出至交流(alternating current，AC)/直流(direct current，DC)变换电路，变换得到的直流电再经过DC/DC变换后，分别经过低压滤波电路和高压滤波电路给低压电池和高压动力电池充电。此外，OBC中还包括信号滤波电路和控制器。信号滤波电路用于接收低压供电信号、控制器局域网络(controller area network，CAN)通信信号、本地互连网(local interconnect network，LIN)通信信号、唤醒信号、发光二极管(light emitting diode，LED)指示灯驱动信号、脉冲宽度调制(pulse width modulation，PWM)信号、高低电平控制信号、电子锁驱动信号、温度采样信号、接触器粘连检测信号等参考信号，控制器用于根据上述参考信号对AC/DC变换电路以及DC/DC变换电路的输出电压/输出电流进行控制。
示例性地，空调压缩机的一种可能的结构示意图可以如图3所示。在图3中，高压电池输出的直流电经过高压滤波电路进行滤波后输出至DC/AC变换电路，转换得到的交流电用于为压缩机供电。同样地，空调压缩机中也包括信号滤波电路和控制器，信号滤波电路用于接收参考信号，控制器用于根据参考信号对DC/AC变换电路的输出电压/输出电流进行控制。
采用图1～图3所示的架构，OBC和用电设备中均需配置控制器，同时还需要配置单独的配电线缆，导致电动汽车结构布局复杂，集成度低、成本高。
下面将结合附图对本申请实施例作进一步地详细描述。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中，多个是指两个或两个以上。另外，在本申请的描述中，“第一”、“第二”等词汇，仅用于区分描述的目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性，也不能理解为指示或暗示顺序。本申请实施例中所提到的“耦合”，是指电学连接，具体可以包括直接连接或者间接连接两种方式。
本申请实施例提供一种充放电装置，该充放电装置兼具图1所示的充放电***中的OBC及用电设备的功能，其中，用电设备可以是空调压缩机或PTC加热器；OBC以及用电设备共用一个控制器。
具体地，如图4所示，充放电装置400中包括AC/DC变换电路401、DC/DC变换电路402、DC/AC变换电路403、控制器404以及第一用电设备405。其中，AC/DC变换电路401用于将输入的第一交流电转换为第一直流电；DC/DC变换电路402与AC/DC变换电路401耦合，用于对第一直流电进行整流，输出第二直流电和第三直流电，第二直流电用于给动力电池充电，第三直流电用于给低压电池充电；DC/AC变换电路403与动力电池耦合，用于将动力电池输出的第四直流电转换为第二交流电，第二交流电用于为第一用电设备405供电；控制器404与AC/DC变换电路401、DC/DC变换电路402以及DC/AC变换电路403耦合，用于对AC/DC变换电路401、DC/DC变换电路402以及DC/AC变换电路403的输出电压和/或输出电流进行控制。
其中，第一交流电可以为单相交流电，也可以为三相交流电。
不难理解，在充放电装置400中，AC/DC变换电路401和DC/DC变换电路402用于实现OBC的功能，DC/AC变换电路403用于实现为第一用电设备405供电的动能。充放电装置400中仅包括一个控制器，用于控制AC/DC变换电路401、DC/DC变换电路402以及DC/AC变换电路403的输出电压和/或输出电流。也就是说，用于为车载电池(低压电池和动力电池)充电的功能模块和用于为第一用电设备405供电的功能模块通过一个控制器进行控制，与现有技术中的方案相比，可以节省控制器及配电线缆的配置数量，因而可以降低电动汽车的结构布局的复杂度，提高电动汽车的集成度、降低电动汽车的成本。
此外，充放电装置400中还可以包括第一高压滤波电路，该第一高压滤波电路与DC/DC变换电路402耦合，用于对第二直流电进行高压滤波，得到第五直流电，第五直流电用于给动力电池充电。
同样地，充放电装置400中还可以包括低压滤波电路，该低压滤波电路与DC/DC变换电路402耦合，用于对第三直流电进行低压滤波，得到第六直流电，第六直流电用于给低压电池充电。
本申请实施例中，滤波电路用于滤去电压信号中的纹波和干扰信号，滤波电路可以为滤波电容，或者为滤波电感，也可以为包括滤波电容和滤波电感的复式滤波电路。本申请实施例中滤波电路的实现方式可以参照现有技术，此处不再赘述。
如前所述，控制器404用于对充放电装置中的三个变换电路的输出电压/输出电流进行控制。实际应用中，控制器404中可以包括主控芯片，主控芯片用于根据接收到的参考信号对AC/DC变换电路401、DC/DC变换电路402以及DC/AC变换电路403的输出电压和/或输出电流进行控制。具体地，参考信号可以为低压供电信号、CAN通信信号、LIN通信信号、唤醒信号、LED指示灯驱动信号、PWM信号、电平信号、电子锁驱动信号、温度采样信号、接触器粘连检测信号等信号中的至少一种。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中，控制器404中主控芯片的数量可以为一个，也可以为多个。若主控芯片的数量为一个，则该主控芯片用于实现对三个变换电路的控制；若主控芯片的数量为多个，则多个主控芯片配合实现对三个变换电路的控制，配合方式可以是不同的主控芯片用于对不同的变换电路进行控制，也可以是多个主控芯片在流程上相互配合，共同实现三个变换电路的控制。
控制器404中还可以包括辅源电路，辅源电路与低压电池耦合，用于将低压电池输出的第七直流电转换为第八直流电，第八直流电用于为主控芯片供电。也就是说，辅源电路用于为主控芯片提供电源。
此外，控制器404中还可以包括一些***电路，比如采样电路、驱动电路、保护电路和通信电路等，此处不再赘述。
同样地，辅源电路还可以通过对低压电池输出的第七直流电进行变换，从而为上述采样电路、驱动电路、通信电路等***电路供电。也就是说，辅源电路中可以包括多个模块，多个模块分别用于为不同的电路/器件供电。
不难看出，对于控制器404来说，控制器404需要获取参考信号才可以完成对AC/DC变换电路401、DC/DC变换电路402以及DC/AC变换电路403的控制。实际应用中，这些参考信号可以由控制器404内部产生，也可以从外部获取。下面对这两种实现方式分别进行介绍。
实现方式一
在实现方式一中，控制器404所需的参考信号从外部获取，那么，充放电装置400中还可以包括信号滤波电路，该信号滤波电路用于接收外部输入的参考信号，并将参考信号进行滤波后输出至主控芯片。
实际应用中，参考信号可以由外部的整车控制器(vehicle control unit，VCU)产生；此外，参考信号也可以由热管理***(thermal management system，TMS)产生。应理解，本申请实施例中，参考信号包括多种类型的信号，VCU可用于产生其中的部分信号，TMS同样可用于产生其中的部分信号。
此外，实际应用中，信号滤波电路还用于将参考信号或者控制器404产生的控制指令输出，供外部其他部件使用。
实现方式二
在实现方式二中，控制器404所需的参考信号由控制器404内部产生。那么，控制器404中还可以包括VCU，VCU用于产生参考信号，并将参考信号输出至主控芯片。
同样地，控制器404中也可以包括TMS。与实现方式一类似，实际应用中，VCU可用于产生参考信号中的部分信号，TMS可用于产生参考信号中的部分信号。
VCU还用于根据获取到的整车的状态以及驾驶员的操作意图来产生控制指令，该控制指令用于实现对整车的控制，那么，充放电装置400中还可以包括信号滤波电路，该信号滤波电路用于将控制指令进行滤波后输出，其他部件可以根据该控制指令执行相应的操作，从而实现对整车的控制。VCU实现整车控制的过程为现有技术，此处不再赘述。
此外，控制器404中的主控芯片以及VCU、TMS等模块在实际应用中可能需要获取一些信号或指令，这些信号或指令也可以通过信号滤波电路输入。
可选地，DC/DC变换电路402还可以对第一直流电进行整流，输出第九直流电，第九直流电用于为第二用电设备供电。
其中，第二用电设备可以为PTC加热器。
不难看出，前述第一用电设备为交流供电的设备，而第二用电设备为直流供电的设备。本申请实施例中，用于实现为电池(动力电池和低压电池)充电的功能模块以及用于实现为用电设备(包括第一用电设备405和第二用电设备)供电的功能模块集成在一个模块中，且共用一个控制器404。
进一步地，充放电装置400中还可以包括第二高压滤波电路，与DC/DC变换电路402耦合，用于对第九直流电进行高压滤波，得到第十直流电，第十直流电用于为第二用电设备供电。
综上，采用本申请实施例提供的充放电装置，用于实现为电池充电的功能模块(即AC/DC变换电路401和DC/DC变换电路402)以及用于实现为第一用电设备405供电的功能模块集成在一个模块中，且共用一个控制器，因而与现有技术中的方案相比，可以节省控制器及配电线缆的配置数量，因而可以降低电动汽车的结构布局的复杂度，提高电动汽车的集成度、降低电动汽车的成本。
此外，需要说明的是，本申请实施例中，第一用电设备405也可以视为充放电装置400之外的独立的模块。本申请实施例中对此不作具体限定。
下面通过一个具体示例对本申请实施例提供的充放电装置进行介绍。
图5所示的充放电装置可以视为充放电装置400的一个具体示例。如图5所示，该充放电装置包括交流输入接口、低压电池接口、高压电池接口、信号接口、输入滤波电路、AC/DC变换电路、DC/DC变换电路、低压滤波电路、控制器、信号滤波电路、DC/AC变换电路、第一高压滤波电路以及压缩机。其中控制器包括辅源电路、主控芯片及其***电路，比如采样电路、驱动电路、保护电路、通信电路等等。控制器中可以集成有VCU和TMS。具体地，交流输入接口可连接单相或者三相交流输入，低压电池接口连接12V低压电池，高压电池接口连接电动汽车上的高压动力电池，信号接口为对外通信或者其他信号接口，用于传输前述参考信号。
在图5所示的充放电装置中，用于为低压电池和高压电池充电的模块以及空调压缩机共用信号接口、信号滤波电路、控制器、第一高压滤波电路和高压电池接口。因此集成后成本更低。
此外，OBC和空调压缩机的壳体可以集成在一起，两者共用一个壳体或者由多个结构部分组成在一起，可以进一步减小集成后的体积。
进一步地，图5所示的充放电装置中还可以包括第二高压滤波电路，如图6所示。第二高压滤波电路将DC/DC变换电路输出的直流电进行高压滤波后，为PTC加热器供电。
基于同一发明构思，本申请实施例还提供一种车辆。如图7所示，该车辆700包括动力电池701、低压电池702以及前述充放电装置400。其中，充放电装置400用于为动力电池701和低压电池702充电。
其中，充放电装置400中可以包括空调压缩机，该空调压缩机用于给车辆700制冷或制热。
需要说明的是，车辆700未详尽描述的实现方式及其技术效果可以参见前述充放电装置400中的相关描述，此处不再赘述。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的范围。这样，倘若本申请的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种充放电装置，其特征在于，包括交流AC/直流DC变换电路、DC/DC变换电路、DC/AC变换电路、控制器及第一用电设备；
    所述AC/DC变换电路，用于将输入的第一交流电转换为第一直流电；
    所述DC/DC变换电路，与所述AC/DC变换电路耦合，用于对所述第一直流电进行整流，输出第二直流电和第三直流电，所述第二直流电用于给动力电池充电，所述第三直流电用于给低压电池充电；
    所述DC/AC变换电路，与所述动力电池耦合，用于将所述动力电池输出的第四直流电转换为第二交流电，所述第二交流电用于为所述第一用电设备供电；
    所述控制器，与所述AC/DC变换电路、所述DC/DC变换电路以及所述DC/AC变换电路耦合，用于对所述AC/DC变换电路、所述DC/DC变换电路以及所述DC/AC变换电路的输出电压和/或输出电流进行控制。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的充放电装置，其特征在于，还包括：
    第一高压滤波电路，与所述DC/DC变换电路耦合，用于对所述第二直流电进行高压滤波，得到第五直流电，所述第五直流电用于给所述动力电池充电。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的充放电装置，其特征在于，还包括：
    低压滤波电路，与所述DC/DC变换电路耦合，用于对所述第三直流电进行低压滤波，得到第六直流电，所述第六直流电用于给所述低压电池充电。
  4. 如权利要求1～3任一项所述的充放电装置，其特征在于，所述控制器包括：
    主控芯片，用于根据接收到的参考信号对所述AC/DC变换电路、所述DC/DC变换电路以及所述DC/AC变换电路的输出电压和/或输出电流进行控制，所述参考信号为控制器局域网络CAN通信信号、本地互连网LIN通信信号、电平信号、脉冲宽度调制PWM信号、温度采样信号中的至少一种。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的充放电装置，其特征在于，还包括：
    信号滤波电路，用于接收所述参考信号，对所述参考信号进行滤波后输出至所述主控芯片。
  6. 如权利要求4所述的充放电装置，其特征在于，所述控制器还包括：
    整车控制器VCU，用于产生所述参考信号，并将所述参考信号输出至所述主控芯片。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的充放电装置，其特征在于，所述VCU还用于：
    产生控制指令，所述控制指令用于实现对整车的控制；
    所述充放电装置还包括：
    信号滤波电路，与所述VCU耦合，用于将所述控制指令进行滤波后输出。
  8. 如权利要求4～7任一项所述的充放电装置，其特征在于，所述控制器还包括：
    辅源电路，与所述低压电池耦合，用于将所述低压电池输出的第七直流电转换为第八直流电，所述第八直流电用于为所述主控芯片供电。
  9. 如权利要求1～8任一项所述的充放电装置，其特征在于，所述第一用电设备为空调压缩机。
  10. 如权利要求1～9任一项所述的充放电装置，其特征在于，所述DC/DC变换电路还用于：
    对所述第一直流电进行整流，输出第九直流电，所述第九直流电用于为第二用电设备供电。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的充放电装置，其特征在于，还包括：
    第二高压滤波电路，与所述DC/DC变换电路耦合，用于对所述第九直流电进行高压滤波，得到第十直流电，所述第十直流电用于为所述第二用电设备供电。
  12. 如权利要求10或11所述的充放电装置，其特征在于，所述第二用电设备为正温度系数PTC加热器。
  13. 一种车辆，其特征在于，包括动力电池、低压电池以及如权利要求1～12任一项所述的充放电装置；其中，所述充放电装置用于为所述动力电池和所述低压电池充电。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的车辆，其特征在于，所述充放电装置中包括空调压缩机，所述空调压缩机用于给车辆制冷或制热。
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