WO2023007332A1 - Procédé d'équilibrage hydraulique de système de chauffage d'espace - Google Patents

Procédé d'équilibrage hydraulique de système de chauffage d'espace Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023007332A1
WO2023007332A1 PCT/IB2022/056790 IB2022056790W WO2023007332A1 WO 2023007332 A1 WO2023007332 A1 WO 2023007332A1 IB 2022056790 W IB2022056790 W IB 2022056790W WO 2023007332 A1 WO2023007332 A1 WO 2023007332A1
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Prior art keywords
balancing
hydraulic
flow rate
flow
heating system
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PCT/IB2022/056790
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English (en)
Inventor
Lorenzo CENTURELLI
Flavio Chiavetti
Giuseppe MIRRA
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Ariston S.P.A.
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Publication date
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Publication of WO2023007332A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023007332A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2220/00—Components of central heating installations excluding heat sources
    • F24D2220/02—Fluid distribution means
    • F24D2220/0264—Hydraulic balancing valves

Definitions

  • the object of the present invention is a method for the hydraulic balancing of a domestic, district, central heating system or the like.
  • a further object of the present invention is a system adapted to implement said method for the hydraulic balancing of a heating system and to support and/or lead an installer or technical assistance or maintenance operator (hereinafter, these operators shall be commonly referred to as “installer”) in the execution of the various steps and operations provided by the same method.
  • the invention is therefore part of the sector of systems and devices for the production of hot water for space heating, more precisely in the field of balancing and equilibration operations of a heating system generally performed by an installer before the actual commissioning thereof and/or after any subsequent plant changes.
  • a heating system substantially comprises a heat generator, generally a boiler or a heat pump, and a plurality of heating terminals installed in the various rooms to be heated.
  • Said terminals for example radiators that may be installed on the wall and/or radiant floor panels, are connected to each other through a system of hydraulic pipes crossed by a heat-transfer fluid, generally water, heated by the heat generator and circulated by a suitable circulation pump.
  • a heat-transfer fluid generally water
  • said heating terminals will be referred to as "radiators", regardless of their installation type and method.
  • a balancing valve enables setting the desired flow rate of the heat transfer fluid through the radiator whereto it is associated while a possible adjustment valve, e.g. a thermostatic valve, ensures a subsequent modulation of the flow rate according to the temperature of the space to be heated.
  • a possible adjustment valve e.g. a thermostatic valve
  • the first step is to predict and determine the heating requirement of the various rooms served by the radiators.
  • This may, for example, force the installer to use pipes with diameters and lengths different from those planned and/or elbows, curves or similar elements to join different sections and parts of the system.
  • any welding seams, cutting chips, which may accumulate inside the pipes or similar residues resulting from the laying of the system and from the relative processing performed by an installer may introduce unwanted load losses and significant deviations from the design system parameters.
  • radiators in the heating system could therefore receive a heat flow not compliant to that of the project and/or not sufficient to meet the heating requirement of the installation room, which therefore risks remaining too cold or little comfortable.
  • the various radiators of the heating system are hydraulically controlled and calibrated such that each of them is supplied with the suitable heat transfer fluid volumetric flow rate suitable for providing the heat required by a room, making it as comfortable as possible for a user.
  • An unsatisfactory hydraulic balancing could, for example, mean excessively high delivery temperatures to the radiator with the opposite risk of providing the ambient with an exuberant amount of heat compared to that of the project one causing further discomforts and inconveniences to the user and a waste of energy.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to obviate such kind of drawbacks by providing an innovative method for the balancing of a heating system able to guarantee each radiator a flow rate of a heat-transfer fluid suitable for satisfying the heating requirements of an ambient and for ensuring an optimal level of comfort.
  • the object of the present invention is that of providing a method for the hydraulic balancing of a simple and rapid heating system with which the volumetric flow rates of a heat-transfer fluid through each radiator of the system may be checked and possibly changed and/or corrected without the use of complex measuring devices.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic balancing method adapted to ensure the maximum energy efficiency of a heating system and to reduce the energy consumption of the electrical components thereof, in particular of its circulation pump.
  • a further purpose of the present invention is to provide a suitable system adapted to implement said method for the hydraulic balancing of a heating system and to support and/or lead an installer in the execution of one or more steps and operations provided for by the same method.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a generic heating system
  • FIG. 6 shows in more detail a terminal (in such case, a radiator) of the heating system of figure 1;
  • FIG. 7 shows, in general, the main steps of the method for the hydraulic balancing of a heating system according to the invention
  • figure 8 shows a more detailed flow diagram of the steps of the method of figure 7 for the hydraulic balancing of a heating system
  • figure 9 shows a flow chart which details a step of the method of figure 7 and/or 8 for the hydraulic balancing of a heating system
  • figure 10 shows a flow chart that details a further step of the method of figure 7 and/or 8 for the hydraulic balancing of a heating system
  • figure 11 shows a flow chart which represents in detail all the steps and operations of the method of figure 7 and/or 8 for the hydraulic balancing of a heating system
  • FIG. 12 shows a flow chart with the various steps for identifying at least one terminal to be balanced and the balancing procedure.
  • figure 1 shows a typical space heating system 1 on which the hydraulic balancing method of the invention is applied, for example after the installation and before the commissioning thereof and/or whenever it is subject to modifications or maintenance (or, more generally, when the need thereof is felt).
  • a heat generator 2 for example in the form of a boiler or heat pump, is connected via a hydraulic circuit 4 to a plurality of heating terminals 3.i (more simply referred to "terminals 3.i") coupled in parallel between a supply or delivery line 40 and a return line 41 of said circuit 4, through dedicated hydraulic branches 5.i.
  • said hydraulic branches 5.i may comprise an inlet pipe 50. i which connects the terminal 3.i to the supply line 40 of the hydraulic circuit 4 and an outlet pipe 51.i which connects the same terminal 3.i to the system return line 41.
  • the terminals 3.i which yield heat to the various rooms in which they are positioned, may equally consist of: radiators fixable to the wall, pipes or radiant panels on the floor or any other type of device capable of ensuring an adequate heat exchange with the room to be heated.
  • radiators Although the hydraulic balancing method of the invention applicable to them may be advantageously extended, with minimal adaptations to the reach of a person skilled in the art, even to other types of terminals mentioned above.
  • said radiators 3.i may be of the type comprising a plurality of heating elements 30. i placed side by side and be equipped with at least one balancing valve 31.i adapted to exclude the radiator 3.i from the hydraulic circuit 4 and/or to set the heat transfer fluid flow rate that crosses it.
  • said balancing valves 31.i allow balancing the overall flow rates through every radiator 3.i of the heating system 1 in order to optimise the energy consumption thereof and/or provide uniform heating among the various rooms served by said radiators 3.i.
  • Said balancing valves 31.i have the purpose of setting for each of the radiators 3.i of a heating system 1 a heat transfer fluid flow rate substantially similar to or close to the flow rate (generally a project or target flow rate) suitable for meeting the heat requirements of a room.
  • a heat transfer fluid flow rate substantially similar to or close to the flow rate (generally a project or target flow rate) suitable for meeting the heat requirements of a room.
  • Such aspect shall be referred to extensively hereafter during the description of the invention.
  • said balancing valves 31.i may include simple valves that may be "manually” operated and adjusted, although nothing prevents the possibility of providing for the use of more sophisticated valves, for example electronic and motorised.
  • each radiator 3.i may also cooperate with a second adjustment valve 32. i, for example thermostatic (not explicitly shown in Figure 6), in order to regulate, upon reaching the balance, the flow rate of the heat-transfer fluid that must actually circulate therein according to the room temperatures.
  • a second adjustment valve 32 for example thermostatic (not explicitly shown in Figure 6), in order to regulate, upon reaching the balance, the flow rate of the heat-transfer fluid that must actually circulate therein according to the room temperatures.
  • said balancing valve 31.i is provided at the outlet of the radiator 3.i while the thermostatic one 32. i at its inlet.
  • each radiator 3.i is schematically shown as a single emitting terminal, it is however necessary to specify how configurations in which said radiator 3.i comprises two or more emitters connected in series to each other are possible.
  • a circulation pump 6 (simply called “circulator 6") allows the flow of the heat transfer fluid, generally water, through a heat exchanger 20 of the heat generator 2, where it heats up, and then along the hydraulic circuit 4 and the radiators 3.i of the heating system 1.
  • said circulator 6 may be internal and/or integrated with the heat generator 2 or, alternatively, of the type installable along the same hydraulic circuit 4.
  • system capable of implementing the balancing method of the invention preferably comprises at least:
  • said input data comprising at least the flow rates of the heat transfer fluid circulating in the heating system 1, e.g. at least in its radiators 3.i, and the relative hydraulic and dimensional features
  • At least the aforementioned acquisition, memory, processing and transmission means may be placed anywhere in the heating system 1, in the relative heat generator 2 and/or on specific equipment supplied to the installer, as long as it is ensured that data and signals relating to at least the flow rates through each radiator 3i derive from devices in contact or cooperating with the heat transfer fluid of the heating system 1 to be balanced.
  • nothing prevents all or part of the system necessary for the balancing method of the invention may consist in a "calibration kit" supplied to the installer to be inserted, in the event of an intervention, in one or more suitable sections or zones of the heating system 1 or heat generator 2, this enabling a balancing according to the method of the invention even on old and obsolete systems and/or comprising heat generators not designed for this type of intervention and without an increase in costs.
  • such calibration kit could comprise a circulator with adjustable flow rate if that of the heat generator 2, already installed and operational, does not provide for such capacity.
  • the balancing method of the invention may be applied in any system with a calibration kit that may be mounted for the occasion.
  • the heating system 1 there is therefore at least one device capable of transmitting a signal representative of the flow rates circulating therein or in a part thereof, for example in each of its radiators 3.i.
  • Such flow rates may be directly measured with known means, such as a flow meter or other type of flow rate sensor, present along the hydraulic circuit 4; alternatively, or in addition, the value of the flow rates may be ascertained indirectly by sensor means which detect and report a group of one or more physical quantities (as it will be seen) from which it is possible to derive said flow rates.
  • the value of the flow rate through the heating system 1 is provided by signals output by the same circulator 6 which is therefore of the "smart” type (hereinafter referred to as “smart circulator 6").
  • the smart circulator 6 has sensor and/or processing means necessary to directly detect and/or detract said flow rates.
  • the smart circulator 6 may be of a type able to exchange, preferably bi-directionally, and transmitting in real time to said control unit of the heat generator 2, advantageously to the electronic board thereof, one or more specific information and data on its status and operativity, such as, for example:
  • the communication between the smart circulator 6 and the electronic board of the heat generator 2 may take place via a communication bus, generally a cable that permanently connects the two apparatuses, although nothing prevents the possibility of providing known wireless connections types.
  • said electronic board may be arranged to act as a transmitter, advantageously wireless (i.e. via WiFi ⁇ , GPRS, 3G/4G/5G, Bluetooth ⁇ , protocols, etc.), of the signals and data received by the circulator 6 towards an interface capable of viewing and/or managing them for the implementation and execution of one or more steps of the balancing method.
  • said interface may for example consist in:
  • an external communication unit (not shown) which may comprise:
  • a mobile communication device supplied to the installer, equipped with specific applications for the display and/or management of said signals, data and information, said mobile device being able to consist in, without any limitative intent, a smartphone or tablet, a PDA, a notebook or similar equipment, and/or - a server or PC, also equipped with specific (and similar) applications and/or software for the processing of the same signals, data and information and accessible remotely, for example, via a mobile device,
  • an HMI user interface integrated with the same heat generator 2 and/or with the circulator 6 (especially if of the smart type).
  • the electronic board of the heat generator 2 also acts as a "receiver", i.e. that is able to receive information and/or instructions for carrying out one or more steps of the balancing method of the invention, once “loaded”, set and transmitted by the installer through, for example, the external communication unit.
  • said transmission/reception function to/from said external communication unit may be ensured by "removable" wireless transmitter/receiver devices that the installer may connect directly to the electronic board, for example via cable, during checking and balancing of a heating system 1 and remove at the end of the intervention.
  • the aforementioned calculation and processing means of data and information necessary and required by one or more steps of the hydraulic balancing method of the invention may therefore reside in the control unit or electronic board of the heat generator 2 of the heating system 1, or be arranged in technically equivalent alternative locations and wholly falling within the same inventive concept.
  • calculation and processing means may be integrated:
  • the method in question aims to provide an installer with useful information to allow an optimal balancing of a heating system 1 and to ensure that each radiator 3.i may transfer to the room in which it is installed the amount of heat necessary to meet the heat requirements thereof and ensure the right comfort for the user.
  • the hydraulic balancing method provides for setting the balancing valves 31.i of each radiator 3.i of the system 1 to a predetermined "setting” and measuring, preferably through a smart circulator 6 (or, alternatively, dedicated sensors) the flow rates circulating therein.
  • said “target” represents the “objective” flow rate for the balancing of a radiator 3.i, i.e. the flow rate to be set on said specific radiator 3.i so that it may be considered as balanced.
  • the balancing method of the invention may provide, in succession, at least the following steps (see at least figures 7 and/or 8): step FI) acquire characteristics and data (hereinafter referred to as "input data” or simply “input”) identifying the heating system 1 to be balanced, in particular of the radiators 3.i thereof, and adapted to define the flow rate fraction or percentage target%.i, with respect to the total available one for the system, intended to each single radiator 3.i to meet the thermal needs required by the room they serve.
  • step FI acquire characteristics and data (hereinafter referred to as "input data" or simply “input”) identifying the heating system 1 to be balanced, in particular of the radiators 3.i thereof, and adapted to define the flow rate fraction or percentage target%.i, with respect to the total available one for the system, intended to each single radiator 3.i to meet the thermal needs required by the room they serve.
  • step F2 measure a flow rate circulating in each radiator 3.i of the heating system 1 corresponding to the maximum flow rate that may be circulated through each radiator 3.i (hereinafter referred to as “maximum flow rate Q.max.i ”); step F3) prepare and carry out a suitable calculation model, hereinafter also referred to as hydraulic algorithm (whereto we will return in detail), capable of defining and calculating for each of said radiators 3.i the desired and necessary objective or "target" flow rate Q.target.i to meet the heat requirement of the room in which said radiators 3.i are located (hereinafter also referred to as “balancing flow rate Q.target.i ”), said algorithm:
  • step F4 identify the radiators 3.i that need balancing to meet the heat requirements of the relative installation room as a function of said maximum flow rate Q.max.i and balancing flow rate Q.target.i , for example by comparing said maximum flow rate Q.max.i and balancing flow rate Q.target.i (see also fig. 12, to which we will return extensively); step F5) balance the various radiators 3.i of the heating system 1 which require such intervention, by acting on one of their valves 31.i, 32.
  • each of said radiators 3.i is affected and crossed by an actual (or "operational") flow rate Q.i substantially equal to or close to the previously calculated and identified balancing flow rate Q.target.i.
  • said balancing method may provide a further step F0 for verifying the presence of one or more possible bypasses in the heating system 1 which could influence and/or alter the aforementioned flow rate measurements through the various radiators 3.i, said bypasses being able to be arranged along the hydraulic circuit 4 (generally, to exclude some sections or radiators) and/or integrated with the heat generator 2 (both externally and internally to it, as in the case of the bypass 22 of the generator 2 shown by way of example in Figure 1 and arranged to preserve the functionality of the relative primary exchanger in certain and known operating conditions).
  • said step involves measuring and acquiring a calibration flow rate Q.zero which is representative of a flow circulating exclusively through said possible bypasses.
  • Said calibration flow rate Q.zero is preferably measured before the activation and execution of the hydraulic algorithm (step F3).
  • said calibration flow rate Q.zero may be advantageously measured before or just after determining the aforementioned maximum flow rates Q.max.i of the radiators 3.i (step F2) and, as will be seen, it may constitute additional input data (input) for the hydraulic algorithm of the balancing method of the invention.
  • said calibration flow rate Q.zero is: - subtracted from the maximum flow rates Q.max.i measured for each radiator 3.i so as to precisely define the maximum value of flow rate actually circulating therein,
  • the balancing method of the invention is carried out by setting the diverter valve 21 (for example 3-way) of the heat generator 2 in CH ("Central Heating") operating mode and by driving the circulator 6 preferably at a speed adapted to prevent, at least during the measurements of the flow rates through the radiators 3.i (for example, of the aforementioned Q.max.i and/or Q.i), flows in the bypass 22 of the heat generator 2, if present, and consequently avoid the related known effects that may afflict and distort the same measurements.
  • CH Central Heating
  • Said circulator 6 may be advantageously driven at reduced speed, for example between 40% and 60% of its maximum speed, preferably at 50%, in case of mechanical bypass 22 "not manually or electronically excludable”, as in the case of "proportional” type bypasses (i.e., of the type illustrated by way of an example and without any limiting intent in figure 1), while it may operate at its maximum speed in presence of bypass of the "excludable " type heat generator 2 Alternatively, nothing prevents the possibility of driving the circulator 6 at such a speed as to cause the activation and opening of the bypass of the heat generator 2, for example at its maximum speed; in such a case, the aforesaid measurements of the flow rates Q.max.i, Q.i through the radiators 3.i of the heating system 1 may be less precise but still reliable and functional for the purposes of the invention, the preventive measurement of the calibration flow rate Q.zero being known.
  • Step FI) Definition of the relative flow rate tareet%.i
  • the geometric and construction parameters of said rooms e.g. their plan and height dimensions, the type of insulation adopted, number and type of windows, doors, etc., and/or
  • the related climatic information such as, for example, the geographical area which the building belongs to, the exposure and orientation thereof, etc.
  • Pi% the share of power PUPtot that is correspondingly desired to be delivered by each radiator 3.i to meet the heating requirements of the room in which it is installed, the latter ( Pi% ) is obtained if a relative flow rate target%.i equal to Pi% circulates in each radiator 3.i, at the same inlet temperature.
  • radiators 3.i arranged in parallel along the heating system 1 and adapted to heat the room wherein they are installed, and/or
  • each radiator 3.i and/or their surface or volumetric dimensions, definable by knowing (e.g., by direct measurement or “by catalog") the width W.i, height H.i, depth D.i of the radiator 3.i.
  • radiator 3.i is, in reality, divided into several terminals connected in series to each other, said size is to be understood as the sum of the sizes of said individual terminals.
  • the calculation of the ratio target%.i of each radiator 3.i is preferably obtained on the basis of their nominal heat power associated with a determined flow rate and, with the same inlet temperature; for example, as a function of: - the number of heating elements 30.
  • i of each radiator 3.i if said radiators of the heating system 1 are "homogeneous" between them, i.e. they all belong to the same type and model and comprising heating elements 30. i of the same dimension and/or hydraulic and radiant properties, or, alternatively
  • radiators 3.i the geometric dimensions of said radiators 3.i, defined by their radiating surface or volume, when "heterogeneous” that is, belonging to different product classes.
  • the relative flow rate target%.i for each i-th radiator 3.i of the heating system 1 is therefore preferably defined by the ratio: ( ormu a 1) where:
  • said relative flow rate target%.i may be calculated based on the following formulas:
  • radiator overall dimensions / corresponds to the radiant volume (W.i * H.i * D.i) of the i-th radiator 3.i of the heating system 1 (figure 6), • radiator overall dimensions i "is the overall radiant volume of all the N radiators 3.i of the heating system 1 to be balanced calculated and acquired, for example, by the installer; or: (formula 1. ter) where:
  • radiator area G represents the radiating surface (W.i * H.i) of the i-th radiator 3.i of the heating system 1,
  • radiator area i is the total radiating surface of all the N radiators 3. i of the heating system 1 to be balanced, calculated and acquired, for example, by the installer.
  • Step F2 Measurement of the maximum flow rate O. max.i of the radiators
  • said maximum flow rate Q.max.i is the only flow rate directly and actually measured for each radiator 3.i in anticipation of the subsequent step F3 of preparation and implementation of a balancing hydraulic algorithm, this simplifying and speeding up the execution of the entire balancing procedure of the heating system.
  • Step F3 Preparation of the balancing hydraulic algorithm
  • the balancing hydraulic algorithm implemented and carried out by means, for example, of the aforementioned calculation and processing means, comprises a plurality of steps "j", and related operations and mathematical processings (detailed below), which are carried out iteratively at least until the determination, for each radiator 3.i of the heating system 1 (S52), of a balancing flow rate Q.target.i considered acceptable and sufficient to satisfy the heating requirements and the heat demand of the room wherein the radiator 3. i is installed.
  • the hydraulic algorithm of the invention provides repeating a plurality of calculations and approximations, hereinafter also referred to as "calculation iterations" in order to define and calculate the aforementioned balancing flow rate Q.target.i for each radiator 3.i which represents the reference flow rate for the subsequent and final balancing step F5 of the heating system.
  • Said step F3 is i.e.:
  • step F5 a "preparatory” step to the actual balancing (step F5) of one or more radiators 3.i of the heating system
  • step F3 direct measurements of the flow rates actually and really circulating in each radiator 3.i are therefore not necessary, i.e. no specific interventions are required, for example by an installer and/or electronically, on the opening degree of the balancing 31.i and/or adjustment 32. i valves associated with each radiator 3.i.
  • said step F3 is a step during which, having known some system features of the heating system to be balanced (step FI) and measured the maximum flow rate Q.max.i for each radiator 3.i (step F2), hereinafter collectively referred to as "input data" or “input” for the hydraulic algorithm of step F3, an objective balancing flow rate Q.target.i is determined exclusively through calculations, formulas and mathematical approximations for each radiator 3.i, that represents the output of said algorithm and the flow rate to be reached and set for one or more of said radiators 3.i during the subsequent and final step F5 of the balancing method of the invention.
  • step FI the relative flow rate target%.i calculated for each radiator 3.i of the heating system 1 (as by step FI), which represents, by its definition, an invariant value during the various steps j, and
  • said "reference" flow rate Q. flow. r ate. i + 1 may be a value from time to time and progressively updated starting from said maximum flow rate Q.max.i based on specific calculations and evaluations, which shall be referred to just below. More in detail, as shown in figure 11, during any step j, j+1, ... M of said hydraulic algorithm, known for each of the N radiators 3.i:
  • Aij current%ij - target%.i, (formula 4) the result of said difference Aij (S50) determining whether the "reference" flow rate Q.flow.rate.i, j defined for the i-th radiator 3.i may be maintained as such also for the next step j+1... M of the hydraulic algorithm or if, on the contrary, it must be suitably updated (S51).
  • said iteration of the hydraulic algorithm is protracted until, with reference to all the i-th radiator 3.i (S52), a convergence among the values of the "reference" flow rates Q. flow. r ate. ij and 0. flow. rale ij I calculated in two subsequent and consecutive steps j and j+1 is reached.
  • convergence it is to be intended that the difference between said two “reference” flow rates Qflow.rate.ij, 0. flow. rale ij I is, in absolute terms, lower than a previously defined threshold value Q.conv (S6; figure 11).
  • said convergence value Q.conv may be predefined as a function of the sensibility of the measuring means and detection of the circulating flow rates in the heating system 1, e.g. of the flow meters or similar sensors or of the same smart circulator 6, as defined above.
  • the convergence value Q.conv may be equal to 101/h.
  • Astepy Q.flow. rate.i, j - Q.flow. rate.i, j+1 is ⁇ Q.conv (formula 6) the "reference" flow rates Q.flow.rate.i,j+l of said radiators 3.i are assumed and acquired as balancing flow rates Q.target.i considered acceptable and sufficient to meet the heating requirements of the ambient (S7) and the hydraulic algorithm of the invention stops (S70), otherwise, if said difference, even for only one of the radiators 3.i, is:
  • the hydraulic algorithm of the invention may provide a further step (S62 in figure 11) during which the following activates:
  • the radiators 3.i that require hydraulic balancing are identified by comparing, for each of them, the balancing flow rates Q.target.i , processed through the aforementioned hydraulic algorithm, with the respective maximum flow rates Q.max.i , measured according to the methods described above (step F2). More precisely, with reference to the steps S indicated in figure 12, for each i-th radiator 3.i there is identified the difference:
  • Ad j,i Q.max.i - Q.target.i; (S8) (formula 7) and,
  • the heating system 1 shall be considered sufficiently balanced and the thermostatic valves 32. i (if present) of one or more of the radiators 3.i of the heating system 1 may be "set" according to the temperatures of the ambient to be heated and/or the habits and comfort desired by a user.
  • Said balancing may be carried out manually by an installer although nothing prevents automatic systems coordinated and managed, for example, by the heat generator 2 control unit to act on said valves 31.i, 32. i of the radiators 3.i.
  • the method of the invention may provide for the issuance of a final report to keep track of all the operations carried out and to store useful information for any subsequent adjustments (e.g. information on the plant features, on the installer who performed the balancing operations, the various flow rates measured and/or calculated for each radiator, the date of the last balancing, etc.).
  • Such operating mode may preferably provide for the support of the mobile communication device (a smartphone, tablet, or similar equipment), as previously described, through which, as will be seen, the installer may perform and/or control one or more steps of the balancing method of the invention and/or simply being guided in the execution thereof.
  • the installer should also install his calibration kit equipped with at least the memory processing, measurement, water circulation means, etc., as described above.
  • the installer may, in sequence: a) activate the heat generator 2 of the heating system 1 to be controlled in "balancing mode", said activation being possible to be carried out via the HMI user interface of the heat generator 2 or remotely, for example by means of a signal sent by said mobile communication device thereof.
  • the diverter valve 21 of the heat generator 2 is positioned in CH (Central Heating) mode while the circulator 6 of the heating system 1 is activated, depending on the case, at its maximum speed or at a reduced speed (e.g., at 50% of its maximum speed); b) acquire and insert on a specific application of the mobile communication device (or remote server) the characteristics and dimensional data (number of elements 30.
  • CH Central Heating
  • the values of said maximum flow rates Q.max.i may be transmitted in the ways seen above (wireless or via cable), to the heat generator 2 control unit and/or in any case displayed and collected in the installer's mobile device (or on the relative remote server) for carrying out one or more steps of the balancing method of the invention; d) start the hydraulic algorithm for the calculation and determination of the balancing flow rates Q.target.i for each radiator 3.i and the consequent identification and selection of those that require a balancing intervention.
  • such information may also be viewed and/or managed on the mobile communication device thereof or collected and made accessible to the installer on a remote server or PC (or cloud); e) proceed with the adjustment, one by one, of the radiators 3.i to be balanced, by progressively adjusting, as seen, their balancing valves 31.i and at the same time keeping all the other remaining radiators 3.i of the heating system closed and insulated 1.
  • the installer may check in real time his mobile communication device (or by accessing a remote server) the flow rates Q.i of each i-th radiator 3.i in the calibration step so as to stop the regulation as soon as they approximate or reach the corresponding value of the balancing flow rate Q.target.i calculated and defined by the algorithm of the invention.
  • the achievement of a balancing flow rate for the radiator 3.i may possibly also be signalled by sound, visual or similar effects (alarms, particular display lightings, vibrations of the mobile device and/or written or vocal messages).
  • the hydraulic algorithm of the invention may be advantageously applied, with similar results in terms of efficiency, not only in combination with variable speed circulators but even with circulators at constant speed or hydraulic head, effectively expanding the application possibilities.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'objet de la présente invention concerne un procédé d'équilibrage hydraulique d'un système de chauffage (1) comprenant au moins : un circuit hydraulique (4) ; un ou plusieurs terminaux de chauffage (3.i), doté chacun d'au moins une soupape d'équilibrage (31.i) ; un générateur de chaleur (2) destiné au chauffage d'un fluide de transfert de chaleur ; un circulateur (6) permettant un écoulement dudit fluide de transfert de chaleur à travers ledit système de chauffage (1) ; des moyens d'acquisition, de calcul et de traitement de données destinés à une ou plusieurs étapes dudit procédé. Le procédé comprend au moins les étapes consistant : à acquérir des caractéristiques d'identification desdits terminaux (3.i), conçues pour définir un débit relatif (cible%.i) proportionnel aux caractéristiques de construction et/ou de dimension desdits terminaux (3.i) et représentatif de leur sortie de chaleur potentielle ou nominale ; à mesurer un débit maximal (Q.max.i) circulant dans chaque terminal (3.i) du système de chauffage (1) ; à préparer un algorithme hydraulique comprenant une série d'étapes (j) et de calculs itératifs et pouvant définir pour chaque terminal (3.i) un débit « cible » d'équilibrage (Q.cible.i) nécessaire pour satisfaire aux exigences de chauffage de l'espace desservi ; à identifier les terminaux de chauffage (3.i) requérant un équilibrage en fonction dudit débit maximal (Q.max.i) et dudit débit d'équilibrage (Q.cible.i) et à effectuer leur équilibrage.
PCT/IB2022/056790 2021-07-29 2022-07-22 Procédé d'équilibrage hydraulique de système de chauffage d'espace WO2023007332A1 (fr)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012101268A1 (de) * 2011-03-04 2012-09-06 Viessmann Werke Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Heizungsanlage
WO2016087057A1 (fr) * 2014-12-03 2016-06-09 Grundfos Holding A/S Procédé et système pour l'équilibrage d'un système de chauffage
EP3203155A1 (fr) * 2016-01-20 2017-08-09 Erwin Hallabrin Dispositif et procédé d'équilibrage hydraulique
WO2021013406A1 (fr) * 2019-07-22 2021-01-28 Belimo Holding Ag Procédé et système d'équilibrage d'un réseau hydronique

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012101268A1 (de) * 2011-03-04 2012-09-06 Viessmann Werke Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Heizungsanlage
WO2016087057A1 (fr) * 2014-12-03 2016-06-09 Grundfos Holding A/S Procédé et système pour l'équilibrage d'un système de chauffage
EP3203155A1 (fr) * 2016-01-20 2017-08-09 Erwin Hallabrin Dispositif et procédé d'équilibrage hydraulique
WO2021013406A1 (fr) * 2019-07-22 2021-01-28 Belimo Holding Ag Procédé et système d'équilibrage d'un réseau hydronique

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