WO2023005883A1 - 一种蓝标型两系法杂交小麦***的选育方法及应用 - Google Patents
一种蓝标型两系法杂交小麦***的选育方法及应用 Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
- A01H1/021—Methods of breeding using interspecific crosses, i.e. interspecies crosses
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H5/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their plant parts; Angiosperms characterised otherwise than by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H5/10—Seeds
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the field of crop genetics and breeding, and relates to a breeding method and application of a blue standard two-line hybrid wheat system.
- Wheat is the most consumed food crop in the world. With the reduction of arable land and the increase of population, it is imperative to increase the yield of wheat per unit area.
- the use of heterosis is an important way to increase the yield of crops. Rice, corn, sorghum and other crops have already been hybridized, and they have been widely used in production one after another, greatly increasing the yield.
- the utilization of heterosis in wheat has always been a difficult problem in the world, and no breakthrough has been made in production until now.
- the main reason is that wheat is polyploid, and it uses a large amount of seeds, and its heterosis is not as strong as that of rice, corn, sorghum and other crops. Therefore, in order to produce high-yield, low-cost hybrid seeds, a feasible hybrid wheat System is the key.
- Driscoll successively established the XYZ system and the improved XYZ system. These two systems are both GMS systems, which utilize the dominant male fertility gene and the dominant marker gene for ear stem villi carried on the 5R chromosome of rye. Sexual markers can only be identified after wheat heading, which obviously lacks practicality for high-density planting wheat, but it has important guiding significance for the creation and application of GMS.
- Huang Shousong et al. (1991) and Zhou Kuanji et al. (1998) successively established a blue standard type hybrid wheat system similar to the XYZ system with blue grains as the marker, which solved the problem of effective marking and distinguished the sterile line and the maintainer line through the color of the seeds.
- the inventor previously established "a method for breeding two-line hybrid wheat with blue grains as a marker trait (ZL200610042629.8)", and has bred a batch of sterile lines and 3 provincial-level approved hybrids. A number of hybrid combinations are participating in the test, and more hybrids will be approved and promoted in succession. Seed sorting and seed production have met the requirements of hybrid wheat seeds, but the stability of the additional translocated chromosomes needs to be improved, and the break frequency of the additional chromosomes from the centromere is high (0.5-10%). The dual-purpose system with low fracture frequency has certain difficulties.
- mutants at the ms1 gene locus including Pugsley's mutant (including allele ms1a), Probus mutant (including allele ms1b), Cornerstone mutant (including allele ms1c), FS2 mutant (including allele gene ms1d), FS3 mutants (including allele ms1e), FS24 mutants (including allele ms1f), LZ mutants (including allele ms1g) and Ningchun 4 series mutants (including allele series ms1h-p) etc.
- Pugsley's mutant including allele ms1a
- Probus mutant including allele ms1b
- Cornerstone mutant including allele ms1c
- FS2 mutant including allele gene ms1d
- FS3 mutants including allele ms1e
- FS24 mutants including allele ms1f
- LZ mutants including allele ms1g
- Ningchun 4 series mutants including allele series m
- Morrison et al. (2004) described the origin and differences of the blue-grain gene (Ba).
- blue-grain gene showing endosperm intuition and dosage effect can be used as a marker to judge whether there is blue-grain gene in wheat grain and how many copies of blue-grain gene are contained (endosperm and aleurone layer are triploid, 1 copy comes from the father, 2 copies from the mother side).
- the color of the seeds formed is light blue, and the seeds contain 1 copy of Ba (seeds obtained by selfing are non-blue, light-blue, medium-blue and dark-blue); when The color of the seeds formed by only the female gametes containing the blue gene is medium blue, and the seeds contain 2 copies of Ba (seeds obtained by selfing are non-blue, light blue, medium blue and dark blue); when both male and female gametes have The color of the seeds formed by the blue-grain gene is dark blue, and the seeds contain 3 copies of Ba (seeds obtained by selfing are all blue-grained).
- the present invention is carried out on the basis of "a two-line hybrid wheat breeding method with blue grains as a marker trait (ZL200610042629.8)" previously established by the inventor.
- ZL200610042629.8 first creates blue grains as a marker trait To separate and maintain the original dual-purpose line of the karyotype sterile hybrid wheat system of the sterile line, and then establish the breeding method of the new dual-purpose line, which specifically includes the following steps:
- the T4BS.4AgL translocation chromosome and the wheat 4B substitution derived from the 4th chromosome of T. thaoudar were identified by chromosome banding method and alcohol dehydrogenase electrophoresis analysis technology Line 4th′′, at the same time, the sterile gene ms1b and dwarf gene Rht3 located on the short arm of wheat 4B chromosome were linked together through genetic recombination; then the sterile gene ms1b and dwarf gene Rht3 were simultaneously recombined into the T4BS.4AgL translocation chromosome above, to obtain blue-grain dwarf sterile plants;
- the blue-grained dwarf sterile strain was crossed with the wheat 4B substitution line 4th′′ of the 4th chromosome to obtain the 4th and T4BS.4AgL chromosome double-somotic plants carrying the ms1b and Rht3 genes, that is, the F 1 generation, and obtained sufficient For the F 2 generation white or red, light blue and dark blue seeds, only the F 2 generation dark blue seeds were sown on demand; all tall-stalk fertile plants in the F 2 population were numbered and used as male parents, respectively
- the sterile plants in the line derived from the sterile gene ms1b of the "Probus" mutant were crossed, and only the hybrid ears with light blue seeds were harvested, and the F1 generation of hybrids with light blue seeds were planted, bagged after heading, and all single plants could be selected.
- the plants grown from the selected white or red seeds are all sterile and similar All the fertile light blue-grained strains of the plants grown from the corresponding light blue-grained seeds are harvested from the light-blue-grained strains, wherein the light-blue-grained strains contain the required T4thS that integrates the exogenous restoration gene and the blue-grained gene .4AgL translocation chromosome;
- T4thS.4AgL translocation chromosomal line Self-cross the above-mentioned T4thS.4AgL translocation chromosomal line or continue to cross with the sterile line without the Rht3 dwarf gene in the sterile ms1b derivative line containing the "Probus" mutant, and then self-cross and select from the offspring population
- the ratio of blue grains to white grains or red grains is 1:2, and dual-purpose lines are initially screened out, and then confirmed by microscopic examination of chromosome pairing in the meiotic metaphase of pollen mother cells, so as to obtain the original dual-purpose lines of the hybrid wheat system.
- Use 21II+I 4thS.4AgL Use 21II+I 4thS.4AgL ;
- Method 1 Prepare a hybrid combination of the original dual-purpose line and an excellent line, select only blue-grained seeds for planting in the F1 generation, select an excellent combination according to the performance of each combination, and sort light blue-grained seeds from the F2 generation seeds of the selected combination Seed planting, select excellent individual plants; plant the white or red and light blue seeds in each line of the F 3 generation respectively, 50 plants each, and 25% or 100% of the white or red populations are selected and harvested
- the light blue-grained line corresponding to the sterile plant and good agronomic properties, the latter will be a dual-purpose line after stabilization; and so on until the strain is stable and all the isolated white or red-grained populations are sterile; Test the yield of dual-purpose lines and conduct quality analysis and disease resistance identification of white or red seeds isolated from them, so as to obtain new dual-purpose lines with high yield, high quality, and multi-resistance;
- Method 2 Select the superior sterile strain isolated from the F2 generation population of the hybridization of the sterile line and the conventional superior strain as the female parent to hybridize with the original dual-purpose strain, the same as the method 1 , select and retain the superior combination and Excellent single plant, F 3 generations or more to select excellent lines, but the difference is that only light blue seeds are planted in the remaining generations until the sterile line is needed; this method does not require emasculation when doing crosses, and is suitable for strong dominant combinations Utilization of superior sterile strains isolated from F2 populations.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a breeding method and application of a blue standard two-line hybrid wheat system.
- the invention provides a kind of breeding method of blue standard two-line method hybrid wheat, comprises the steps:
- the white-grained sterile plant of the 06L6109-3 dual-purpose line was crossed with the wheat with the translocation chromosome T4AgL(Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4BS, and the dwarf and male sterile plants grown from blue-grained seeds were screened, namely It is a plant with translocation chromosome T4AgL(Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4BS(Rht3-ms1b), called T4AgL(Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4BS(Rht3-ms1b) translocation plant;
- T4AgL(Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4BS(Rht3-ms1b) translocation line plants were crossed with wheat 4B substitution line 4th to obtain T4AgL(Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4BS(Rht3-ms1b) with 4th and translocation chromosome dual monomer seeds;
- step (3) sowing and cultivating the double monomer seeds obtained in step (2) into plants, selfing, selecting dark blue seeds for planting and screening out tall and male fertile plants;
- step (3) (4) hybridize the plant screened in step (3) with the white-grained sterile strain of the 14L6386 dual-purpose line, and screen the hybrid combination with blue-grained seeds;
- the white-seed sterile plant of the 14L6386 dual-purpose line is a male sterile plant grown from the white-grained seeds obtained by selfing of the 14L6386 dual-purpose line;
- the blue-grain dual-purpose line; 09L6034 dual-purpose line is a blue-grain dual-purpose line selected after backcrossing T0065-10B-2LB-4 dual-purpose line and the recurrent parent wheat line Zhou 88114 (named Zhoumai 11).
- Use line; T0065-10B-2LB-4 is an addition line wheat containing translocation chromosome T4thS ⁇ 4AgL;
- step (4) the blue grain seeds are sown and cultivated into plants. If the plants obtained from all the seeds are male fertile plants, the plants obtained by the development of the seeds of the corresponding hybrid combination form a potential easy Bit system;
- step (5) The potential translocation line that step (5) obtains is carried out as follows: selfing and harvesting seeds, the seeds are divided into two groups of blue seeds and white seeds; Breeding as plants, if all the individual plants obtained from the blue seeds are male fertile plants and all the individual plants obtained from the white seeds are male sterile plants, then these male fertile individual plants obtained from the blue seeds FISH identification was carried out to screen the individual plants with translocation chromosome T4AgL segment (Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4thS(Rf), and these individuals constituted the T4AgL segment (Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4thS(Rf) translocation population;
- step (6) From the selfing progeny of the translocation line that step (6) obtains, screen white seed: the plant that the quantity of blue seed is 2:1, namely contains translocation chromosome T4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL.
- the karyotype of the dual-purpose line is: 21II(msms)+I T4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4thS(Rf) .
- the invention provides a kind of breeding method of blue standard two-line method hybrid wheat, comprises the steps:
- 15L4167 dual-purpose line is selfed, and then the male sterile plant grown by the blue seed is selected, and the plant is crossed with the fertile plant of the dark blue seed, and then the male fertile plant grown by the dark blue seed is selected and carried out Selfing, and then selecting plants with male sterility from the plants developed from selfing seeds, and further screening by microscopy to obtain additional line plants with translocation end body T4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL; dark blue grains are fertile Plant: It is a male fertile plant grown from dark blue seeds obtained by selfing of the dual-purpose line 15L4167, and all the seeds produced after selfing are blue seeds;
- step (3) the seed obtained in step (3) is used as the male parent and the white seed as the female parent as a hybrid combination, cultivated as a plant and hybridized, and the blue seed is screened from the seeds obtained on the female plant; the white seed is obtained by The 15L4167 dual-purpose strain was obtained by selfing;
- step (4) sow the blue seeds obtained in step (4) and cultivate them into plants, eliminate the male sterile plants, harvest the male fertile plants and test the seeds, and the selected seeds have both blue seeds and white seeds plant;
- step (5) selected plant, sort out white seed and blue seed respectively by single plant;
- the seeds obtained in sowing step (6) are cultivated into plants; if the plants obtained by the blue seeds of a certain individual plant are all male fertile plants, and the plants obtained by the white seeds of this individual plant are all male fertile plants. Breeding plants, microscopically inspecting the light blue seeds of the single plant, and obtaining a translocation line plant with a translocation chromosome T4AgL segment (Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4thS segment (Rf), also known as a dual-purpose line;
- the 15L4167 dual-purpose line is the above-mentioned additional line containing the translocation chromosome T4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4thS(Rf).
- the karyotype of the dual-purpose line is: 21II(msms)+I T4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4thS fragment (Rf) .
- the invention provides a kind of breeding method of blue standard two-line method hybrid wheat, comprises the steps:
- step (1) The male sterile plant screened in step (1) is hybridized with the male fertile plant obtained in step (1), the dark blue seeds are screened and cultivated into a plant, and the male sterile plant is screened out from its selfed offspring;
- step (2) The male sterile plant screened in step (2) is crossed with the male fertile plant screened in step (3), the seeds are harvested and cultivated into plants, then selfed, and dark blue seeds are screened, and the terminal body 4AgL is screened by microscopy Double diplosome seeds of (Ba) and telosome 4thS(Rf);
- step (4) The double doublet seeds obtained in step (4) are subjected to mutagenesis treatment, and then cultivated into plants;
- step (4) The plant grown from the double diploid seeds obtained in step (4) is used as the male parent, hybridized with the white-grained sterile plant as the female parent, harvests the seeds on the female parent plant, and selects the blue-grained seeds to carry out mutagenesis treatment , and then cultivated into plants;
- white-seed sterile plant a male sterile plant grown from white seeds obtained from selfing of the 16L6386 dual-purpose line;
- step (7) The plant obtained in step (5) or step (6) is used as the male parent, hybridized with the white-grained sterile plant as the female parent, harvests the seeds on the female parent plant and screens out the blue-grained seeds therefrom; the white-grained sterile plant Plants: male sterile plants grown from white seeds obtained from selfing of the dual-purpose line 16L6386;
- step (7) sowing the blue seeds obtained in step (7) and cultivating them into plants, eliminating male sterile plants, selfing the selected plants and harvesting seeds, and selecting the seeds that have both blue seeds and white seeds. plant;
- step (8) For the plants screened in step (8), the white seeds and blue seeds obtained by selfing are sorted out by individual plants respectively;
- the white seeds and blue seeds obtained in the sowing step (9) are cultivated into plants; if the plants obtained by the blue seeds of a certain individual plant are all male fertile plants, and all the white seeds of the individual plant It is a male sterile plant, and the blue-grained seeds of the single plant are examined under a microscope to obtain a plant with a translocated terminal body T4AgL fragment (Ba)-4thS fragment (Rf).
- the light/medium blue-grained seeds are dual-purpose lines ;
- 16L6386 dual-purpose line is an addition line of wheat containing translocation chromosome T4thS ⁇ 4AgL.
- the karyotype of the dual-purpose line is: 21II(msms)+I T4AgL fragment (Ba)-4thS fragment (Rf) .
- the invention provides a kind of breeding method of blue standard type two-line method hybrid wheat, comprises the steps:
- step (1) The male sterile plant screened in step (1) is hybridized with the male fertile plant obtained in step (1), the dark blue seeds are screened and cultivated into a plant, and the male sterile plant is screened out from its selfed offspring;
- step (2) The male sterile plant screened in step (2) is crossed with the male fertile plant screened in step (3), the seeds are harvested and cultivated into plants, then selfed, and dark blue seeds are screened, and the terminal body 4AgL is screened by microscopy Double diplosome seeds of (Ba) and telosome 4thS(Rf);
- step (4) The double doublet seeds obtained in step (4) are subjected to mutagenesis treatment, and then cultivated into plants;
- step (4) The plant grown from the double diploid seeds obtained in step (4) is used as the male parent, hybridized with the white-grained sterile plant as the female parent, harvests the seeds on the female parent plant, and selects the blue-grained seeds to carry out mutagenesis treatment , and then cultivated into plants;
- white-seed sterile plant a male sterile plant grown from white seeds obtained from selfing of the 16L6386 dual-purpose line;
- step (7) The plant obtained in step (5) or step (6) is used as the male parent, hybridized with the white-grained sterile plant as the female parent, harvests the seeds on the female parent plant and screens out the blue-grained seeds therefrom; the white-grained sterile plant Plants: male sterile plants grown from white seeds obtained from selfing of the dual-purpose line 16L6386;
- step (7) sowing the blue seeds obtained in step (7) and cultivating them into plants, eliminating male sterile plants, selfing the selected plants and harvesting seeds, and selecting the seeds that have both blue seeds and white seeds. plant;
- step (8) For the plants screened in step (8), the white seeds and blue seeds obtained by selfing are sorted out by individual plants respectively;
- the seeds obtained in the sowing step (9) are cultivated into plants; if the plants obtained by the blue seeds of a certain individual plant are all male fertile plants, and the white seeds of the individual plant are all male sterile plants, Microscopically examine the blue-grained seeds of the single plant to obtain a plant with a translocation endosome T4thS fragment (Rf)-4AgL fragment (Ba), and the light/medium blue-grained seeds are dual-purpose lines;
- 16L6386 dual-purpose line is an addition line of wheat containing translocation chromosome T4thS ⁇ 4AgL.
- the karyotype of the dual-purpose line is: 21II (msms)+I T4thS fragment (Rf)-4AgL fragment (Ba) .
- the invention provides a kind of breeding method of blue standard type two-line method hybrid wheat, comprises the steps:
- step (1) The double-diende seeds obtained in step (1) are subjected to mutagenesis treatment, and then cultivated into plants;
- step (3) The plant grown from the double-diende seeds obtained in step (1) is used as the male parent, hybridized with the white-grained sterile plant as the female parent, harvests the seeds on the female parent plant, and selects the blue-grained seeds to carry out mutagenesis treatment , and then cultivated into plants;
- white-seed sterile plant a male sterile plant grown from white seeds obtained from selfing of the 15L4167 dual-purpose line; An additional line of Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4thS(Rf);
- step (2) or step (3) The plant obtained in step (2) or step (3) is used as the male parent, and is hybridized with the white-grained sterile plant as the female parent, and the seeds on the female parent plant are harvested and the blue-grained seeds are screened out;
- the white-grained sterile plant Plant a male sterile plant grown from white seeds obtained from selfing of the 15L4167 dual-purpose line;
- the 15L4167 dual-purpose line is the above-mentioned one containing the translocation chromosome T4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4thS(Rf) additional department;
- step (4) sowing the blue seeds obtained in step (4) and cultivating them into plants, eliminating male sterile plants, selfing the selected plants and harvesting seeds, and selecting the ones with both blue seeds and white seeds in the selected seeds plant;
- step (5) For the plants screened in step (5), the white seeds and blue seeds obtained by selfing are sorted out by individual plants respectively;
- the seeds obtained in sowing step (6) are cultivated into plants; if the plants obtained by the blue seeds of a certain individual plant are all male fertile plants, and the white seeds of this individual plant are all male sterile plants, The blue-grained seeds in these individual plants were examined under the microscope, and the plants with the translocation terminal body T4thS fragment (Rf)-4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL ⁇ were obtained, and the light/medium blue-grained seeds were dual-purpose lines.
- the karyotype of the dual-purpose line is: 21II(msms)+I T4thS fragment (Rf)-4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL ⁇ .
- Described method specifically comprises the steps:
- the white-grained sterile plant of the 06L6109-3 dual-purpose line was crossed with the wheat with the translocation chromosome T4AgL(Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4BS, and the dwarf and male sterile plants grown from blue-grained seeds were screened, namely It is a plant with translocation chromosome T4AgL(Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4BS(Rht3-ms1b), called T4AgL(Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4BS(Rht3-ms1b) translocation plant;
- translocation chromosome T4AgL(Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4BS is a tall, male-fertile wheat grown from blue-seeded seeds; translocation chromosome T4AgL(Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4BS is recombined 4AgL(Ba) into Obtained on 4B; white-grain sterile plant of 06L6109-3 dual-purpose line: it is a dwarf and male sterile plant grown from white-grained seeds obtained by selfing of 06L6109-3 dual-purpose line; 06L6109-3 dual-purpose line Blue grain with Rht3-ms1b produced by crossing ms1b-Rht3 containing ms1b-Rht3 wheat grown from white seeds with semi-dwarf and male sterility traits and additional line wheat containing translocation chromosome T4thS ⁇ 4AgL Dual-purpose system;
- T4AgL(Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4BS(Rht3-ms1b) translocation line plants were crossed with wheat 4B substitution line 4th to obtain T4AgL(Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4BS(Rht3-ms1b) with 4th and translocation chromosomes - dimonomer seeds for ms1b);
- step (3) sowing and cultivating the double monomer seeds obtained in step (2) into plants, selfing, selecting dark blue seeds for planting and screening out tall and male fertile plants;
- step (3) (4) hybridize the plant screened in step (3) with the white-grained sterile strain of the 14L6386 dual-purpose line, and screen the hybrid combination with blue-grained seeds;
- step (4) sow the blue-grained seeds of the hybrid combination and cultivate them into plants. If the plants obtained from all the seeds are male fertile plants, the plants obtained by the development of the seeds of the corresponding hybrid combination form a potential translocation lines;
- step (5) The potential translocation line that step (5) obtains is carried out as follows: selfing and harvesting seeds, the seeds are divided into two groups of blue seeds and white seeds; Breeding as plants, if all the individual plants obtained from the blue seeds are male fertile plants and all the individual plants obtained from the white seeds are male sterile plants, then these male fertile individual plants obtained from the blue seeds FISH identification was carried out to screen the individual plants with translocation chromosome T4AgL segment (Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4thS(Rf), and these individuals constituted the T4AgL segment (Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4thS(Rf) translocation population;
- step (6) From the selfing progeny of the translocation line that step (6) obtains, screen white seed: the plant that the quantity of blue seed is 2:1, namely contain translocation chromosome T4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL.
- the karyotype of the dual-purpose line is: 21II(msms)+I T4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4thS(Rf) .
- Described method specifically comprises the steps:
- the 15L4167 dual-purpose line is selfed, and then the male sterile plants grown from the blue-grained seeds are screened, that is, the plants with the translocation end body T4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL ⁇ ; (Self-crossing of 15L4167 dual-purpose line, selection of male fertile plants grown from dark blue seeds, all seeds produced after selfing are blue seeds) hybridization, and then screening of plants grown from dark blue seeds.
- the resulting male fertile plants were selfed, and then the plants with male sterility were screened from the plants developed from the selfed seeds, and further screened by microscopy to obtain the translocation end body T4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL. add-on plants;
- step (3) Use the seeds obtained in step (3) as the male parent and the white seed as the female parent (the white seed is obtained by selfing of the 15L4167 dual-purpose line) as a hybrid combination, and select from the seeds obtained on the female plant blue seed;
- step (4) sowing and cultivating the blue-grained seeds obtained in step (4) into plants, eliminating male sterile plants, and harvesting male-fertile plants; testing the harvested male-fertile plants, and selecting the obtained seeds had blue-grained seeds A plant with white seeds in its seeds;
- Step (5) selected individual plant, sort out white seed and blue seed respectively by individual plant;
- the seeds obtained in sowing step (6) are cultivated into plants; if the plants obtained by the blue seeds of a certain individual plant are all male fertile plants, and the plants obtained by the white seeds of this individual plant are all male fertile plants. Breeding plants, microscopically inspecting the light blue seeds of the single plant, and obtaining translocation plants with translocation chromosome T4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4thS fragment (Rf), light/medium blue seeds are dual-purpose lines .
- the karyotype of the dual-purpose line is: 21II(msms)+I T4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4thS fragment (RF) .
- Described method specifically comprises the steps:
- step (1) The male sterile plant screened in step (1) is hybridized with the male fertile plant obtained in step (1), the dark blue seeds are screened and cultivated into a plant, and the male sterile plant is screened out from its selfed offspring;
- step (2) The male sterile plant screened in step (2) is crossed with the male fertile plant screened in step (3), and the harvest seeds (both are blue grains) are cultivated into plants, then selfed, and the dark blue grain seeds are screened, and passed through the mirror Detection and screening of double diplosome seeds with terminal body 4AgL(Ba) and terminal body 4thS(Rf);
- step (4) The double doublet seeds obtained in step (4) are subjected to mutagenesis treatment, and then cultivated into plants;
- step (4) The plant grown from the double diploid seeds obtained in step (4) is used as the male parent, and the male sterile plant (the white seed grown by selfing of the 16L6386 dual-purpose line) as the female parent Sterile plant) hybridization, harvest the seeds on the female plant, select the blue seed to carry out mutagenesis treatment, and then cultivate it into a plant;
- the male sterile plant the white seed grown by selfing of the 16L6386 dual-purpose line
- step (7) The plant obtained in step (5) or step (6) is used as the male parent, and the white-seeded sterile plant (the male sterile plant grown from the white-seeded seed obtained by selfing of the 16L6386 dual-purpose line) as the female parent ) hybridization, harvesting the seeds on the female plant and screening out the blue seeds therefrom;
- step (7) sowing the blue seeds obtained in step (7) and cultivating them into plants, eliminating male sterile plants, selfing the selected plants and harvesting seeds, and selecting the seeds that have both blue seeds and white seeds. plant;
- step (8) For the plants screened in step (8), the white seeds and blue seeds obtained by selfing are sorted out by individual plants respectively;
- the seeds obtained in the sowing step (9) are cultivated into plants; if the plants obtained by the blue seeds of a certain individual plant are all male fertile plants, and the white seeds of the individual plant are all male sterile plants, These individual plants are potential plants with telomeres, and the blue-grained seeds of these individual plants are subjected to microscopic examination, and the plants with translocation telomeres T4AgL fragment (Ba)-4thS fragment (Rf) are selected, that is, they have translocation Translocation line of telosome T4AgL fragment (Ba)-4thS fragment (Rf) ⁇ , light/medium blue seed is dual-purpose line.
- the karyotype of the dual-purpose line is: 21II(msms)+I T4AgL fragment (Ba)-4thS fragment (Rf) .
- Described method specifically comprises the steps:
- step (1) The male sterile plant screened in step (1) is hybridized with the male fertile plant obtained in step (1), the dark blue seeds are screened and cultivated into plants, and the male sterile plants are screened out from the plants developed from the selfed seeds;
- step (2) The male sterile plant screened in step (2) is crossed with the male fertile plant screened in step (3), and the harvest seeds (both are blue grains) are cultivated into plants, then selfed, and the dark blue grain seeds are screened, and passed through the mirror Detection and screening of double diplosome seeds with terminal body 4AgL(Ba) and terminal body 4thS(Rf);
- step (4) The double doublet seeds obtained in step (4) are subjected to mutagenesis treatment, and then cultivated into plants;
- step (4) The plant grown from the double diploid seeds obtained in step (4) is used as the male parent, and the male sterile plant (the white seed grown by selfing of the 16L6386 dual-purpose line) as the female parent Sterile plant) hybridization, harvest the seeds on the female plant, select the blue seed to carry out mutagenesis treatment, and then cultivate it into a plant;
- the male sterile plant the white seed grown by selfing of the 16L6386 dual-purpose line
- step (7) The plant obtained in step (5) or step (6) is used as the male parent, and the white-seeded sterile plant (the male sterile plant grown from the white-seeded seed obtained by selfing of the 16L6386 dual-purpose line) as the female parent ) hybridization, harvesting the seeds on the female plant and screening out the blue seeds therefrom;
- step (7) sowing the blue seeds obtained in step (7) and cultivating them into plants, eliminating male sterile plants, selfing the selected plants and harvesting seeds, and selecting the seeds that have both blue seeds and white seeds. plant;
- step (8) For the plants screened in step (8), the white seeds and blue seeds obtained by selfing are sorted out by individual plants respectively;
- the seeds obtained in the sowing step (9) are cultivated into plants; if the plants obtained by the blue seeds of a certain individual plant are all male fertile plants, and the white seeds of the individual plant are all male sterile plants, These individual plants are potential plants with telomeres, and the blue-grained seeds of these individual plants are examined under a microscope, and the plants with translocation telomer T4thS fragment (Rf)-4AgL fragment (Ba) are selected, that is, they have translocation Translocation line of telosome T4thS fragment (Rf)-4AgL fragment (Ba) ⁇ , light/medium blue seed is a dual-purpose line.
- the karyotype of the dual-purpose line is: 21II (msms)+I T4thS fragment (Rf)-4AgL fragment (Ba) .
- Described method specifically comprises the steps:
- step (2) The double doublet seeds obtained in step (1) are subjected to mutagenesis treatment, and then cultivated into plants.
- step (3) The plant grown from the double-diende seeds obtained in step (1) is used as the male parent, and the male sterile plant grown from the white-seed sterile plant (15L4167 dual-purpose line self-crossed) as the female parent Breeding plant) hybridization, harvest the seeds on the female parent plant, select the blue seed to carry out mutagenesis treatment, and then cultivate it into a plant;
- step (2) or step (3) The plant obtained in step (2) or step (3) is used as the male parent, and the white-seeded sterile plant (the male sterile plant grown from the white seed obtained by selfing of the 15L4167 dual-purpose line) as the female parent hybridization, harvesting the seeds on the female parent plant and selecting blue seeds from them;
- the white-seeded sterile plant the male sterile plant grown from the white seed obtained by selfing of the 15L4167 dual-purpose line
- step (4) sowing the blue seeds obtained in step (4) and cultivating them into plants, eliminating male sterile plants, selfing the selected plants and harvesting seeds, and selecting the ones with both blue seeds and white seeds in the selected seeds plant;
- step (5) For the plants screened in step (5), the white seeds and blue seeds obtained by selfing are sorted out by individual plants respectively;
- the seeds obtained in sowing step (6) are cultivated into plants; if the plants obtained by the blue seeds of a certain individual plant are all male fertile plants, and the white seeds of this individual plant are all male sterile plants, Microscopically check the blue seeds in these individual plants, and select the plants with the translocation end body T4thS fragment (Rf)-4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL ⁇ , that is, the translocation end body T4thS fragment (Rf)-4AgL fragment
- the translocation line of (Ba)-4BL ⁇ , the light/medium blue seed is the dual-purpose line.
- the karyotype of the dual-purpose line is: 21II(msms)+I T4thS fragment (Rf)-4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL ⁇ .
- the additional line wheat containing translocation chromosome T4thS ⁇ 4AgL is any wheat with this chromosome form, specifically, it can be the dual-purpose line wheat obtained by the method described in ZL200610042629.8 (that is, the authorized announcement number is CN 100420368C, page 5 For the dual-purpose system in line 7, both the original dual-purpose system and the new dual-purpose system are acceptable).
- the karyotype of the addition line wheat (dual-purpose line) containing the translocation chromosome T4thS ⁇ 4AgL was 21II(msms)+I T4thS ⁇ 4AgL .
- T4AgL(Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4BS(Rht3-ms1b) translocation plants homozygous: dwarf and male sterile plants grown from blue seeds.
- the karyotype of diasomic seeds with 4th and translocation chromosome T4AgL(Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4BS(Rht3-ms1b) was: 20II+I T4AgL(Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4BS(Rht3-ms1b) +I 4th .
- N4B wheat 4B substitution line 4th
- Phenotype blue-grained (the blue-grained gene it contains does not express endosperm intuition), tall stem and male fertile.
- White-seed sterile plant of 14L6386 dual-purpose line it is a male sterile plant grown from white-grained seeds obtained from selfing of 14L6386 dual-purpose line.
- the 14L6386 dual-purpose line is a blue-grain dual-purpose line obtained by crossing the 09L6034 dual-purpose line (male parent) and the waxy wheat line (female parent) wheat).
- the 09L6034 dual-purpose line is a blue-grain dual-purpose line selected from the wheat line Zhou 88114 (named Zhoumai 11) as the recurrent parent (female parent) and the T0065-10B-2LB-4 dual-purpose line after 3 backcrosses .
- the T0065-10B-2LB-4 dual-purpose system is recorded in ZL200610042629.8 (that is, T0065-10B-2LB-4 in the 14th line on page 9 of the specification whose authorization announcement number is CN100420368C).
- the karyotype of the dual-purpose line T0065-10B-2LB-4 is 21II(msms)+I T4thS ⁇ 4AgL , which is an additional line of wheat containing translocation chromosome T4thS ⁇ 4AgL.
- the 15L4167 dual-purpose line is an addition line containing the translocation chromosome T4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4thS (Rf).
- the karyotype of the 15L4167 dual-purpose line is: 21II(msms)+I T4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4thS(Rf) .
- the karyotype of disomic addition line plants with translocation endosome T4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL ⁇ was: 21II(msms)+II T4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL ⁇ .
- the phenotype of the disomic addition line with the translocation telosome T4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL ⁇ was: the seeds were dark blue grains, and the plants showed male sterility.
- the karyotype of disomic addition line plants with telosome 4thS(Rf) ⁇ is: 21II(msms)+II 4thS(Rf) ⁇ .
- the phenotype of the disomic addition line with the terminal body 4thS(Rf) ⁇ is: the seeds are white, and the plants are male fertile.
- the karyotype of double single-tetrasome seeds with translocated endosome T4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL ⁇ and endosome 4thS(Rf) ⁇ is: 21II(msms)+I T4AgL fragment(Ba)-4BL ⁇ +I 4thS( Rf) ⁇ .
- 16L6386 dual-purpose line is an addition line of wheat containing translocation chromosome T4thS ⁇ 4AgL.
- the 16L6386 dual-purpose line is an additional line of wheat containing the translocation chromosome T4thS ⁇ 4AgL, and is a dual-purpose line selected through generation selection.
- the 16L6386 dual-purpose line is a dual-purpose line cultivated in the invention patent (ZL200610042629.8), and a dual-purpose line obtained through generation selection.
- the dual-purpose line cultivated in the invention patent (ZL200610042629.8) is an additional line of wheat containing the translocation chromosome T4thS ⁇ 4AgL (that is, the T0065-10B-2LB-4 material on the 14th line of page 9 in CN 100420368C with the authorized announcement number transformed wheat).
- the karyotype of the add-on wheat dual-purpose line containing the translocation chromosome T4thS ⁇ 4AgL is: 21II(msms)+I T4thS ⁇ 4AgL .
- the karyotype of double diplosome seeds with terminal body 4AgL(Ba) ⁇ and terminal body 4thS(Rf) ⁇ is: 21II(msms) +II 4AgL ⁇ +II 4thS ⁇ .
- the karyotype of double diplosome seeds with translocated endosome T4AgL fragment(Ba)-4BL ⁇ and endosome 4thS(Rf) ⁇ is: 21II(msms)+II T4AgL fragment(Ba)-4BL ⁇ +II 4thS( Rf) ⁇ .
- mutagenic treatments can specifically be treated with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) chemical mutagen or ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) chemical mutagen or radiation treatment.
- DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
- EMS ethyl methanesulfonate
- Light/medium blue seeds are planted, and the F 2 generation excellent individual plants with blue-white or blue-red seeds are selected.
- 82 seeds were planted separately from blue seeds, white seeds or red seeds, each planted in 2 rows, 2m row length, row spacing 25cm, 5cm artificial on-demand sowing.
- the proportion of white or red seeds in the individual plants or lines selected in each generation must be greater than or equal to 60%, and at the same time select the corresponding blue-grained individual plants or plants with high outcrossing seed setting rate of white/red sterile plants Tie.
- the invention discloses the creation and application of a two-line hybrid wheat system with blue grains as a marker trait (abbreviated as a blue standard two-line hybrid wheat system).
- T4thS Fram containing Rf
- 4AgL Fram containing Ba
- 4BL Frament close to centromere
- the terminal body is used as an additional monomer (dual-purpose line) of the ms1 homozygous wheat line (line), thereby completing the creation of the improved blue standard two-line method hybrid wheat system.
- the different additional exogenous translocation chromosomes or exogenous translocation end bodies are characterized in that they cannot be paired with any chromosome of common wheat, and can completely restore the ms1 sterile gene series (ms1a, ms1b, ms1c, ms1d ,...);
- the different additional exogenous translocation chromosomes or exogenous translocation end bodies are characterized in that the Rf recovery gene is derived from the 4th chromosome of Triticum thaoudar and the Ba blue grain gene is derived from Agropyron elongatum, T4AgL (containing the fragment of Ba)- 4BL (fragment close to the centromere).
- the break frequency of the 4thS translocation chromosome from the centromere is 0.5-5%, and the frequency of fertile plants in the sterile line is about half of that in the dual-purpose line; T4AgL ( Fragment containing Ba)-4BL (fragment close to centromere).
- 4thS (fragment containing Rf) translocation chromosome breakage frequency from centromere is 0-1%, and the frequency of fertile plants in sterile lines is two About half of the sterile plants appear in the dual-purpose line of the use line; T4AgL (the fragment containing Ba)-4thS (the fragment containing Rf). The separation frequency of the two target genes of the terminal body is 0-1 ⁇ , and only the sterile line will appear 0-0.5 ⁇ of fertile plants, blue grain populations will not appear sterile plants; T4thS (fragment containing Rf)-4AgL (fragment containing Ba).
- T4thS fragment containing Rf
- 4AgL fragment containing Ba
- 4BL fragment close to the centromere.
- the separation frequency of the two target genes in the terminal body is 0-1 ⁇ , there will be no fertile plants in the sterile line, and there will be a 0-1 ⁇ infertility in the dual-purpose line. Breeding plants.
- the proportion of seeds of different colors produced by selfing of different dual-purpose lines is different.
- the range of white or red seeds (sterile lines) is 55-85%, and the range of light/medium blue seeds (monosome addition, dual-purpose lines) is 15%.
- dark blue seed (additional double end body) is 2-6%, wherein, sterile line seed is used for producing hybrid, dual-purpose line seed is used for breeding sterile line and dual-purpose line, dark blue grain seed ( Double-end body addition) eliminated or used as a parent or used for purification and rejuvenation of dual-purpose lines.
- This process can take the target sterile line as the recurrent parent and the improved dual-purpose line or dark blue grain homozygous line for more than 6 consecutive backcrosses in 2-3 years under artificial control, and screen the same dual-purpose line as the original one. line, thereby achieving replacement of additional translocated chromosomes or telomeres.
- the above CMS lines have been backcrossed 4 times. In the same way, the exchange of new translocated chromosomes or terminal bodies can be realized.
- the present invention also provides a translocation chromosome (heterotopic chromosome), which sequentially includes the following segments: 4AgL segment (Ba), 4BL, centromere, and 4thS (Rf).
- translocation chromosome heterotopic chromosome
- the present invention also provides a translocation chromosome (heterotopic chromosome), which sequentially includes the following segments: 4AgL segment (Ba), 4BL, centromere, and 4thS segment (Rf).
- translocation chromosome heterotopic chromosome
- the present invention also provides a translocation terminal body (ectopic telomere), which sequentially includes the following segments: 4AgL segment (Ba), 4thS segment (Rf), and centromere.
- the present invention also provides a translocation terminal body (heterotopic telomere), which sequentially includes the following segments: 4thS fragment (Rf), 4AgL fragment (Ba), and centromere.
- the present invention also provides a translocation terminal body (ectopic telomere), which sequentially includes the following segments: 4thS fragment (Rf), 4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL, and centromere.
- ectopic telomere which sequentially includes the following segments: 4thS fragment (Rf), 4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL, and centromere.
- 4AgL represents the long arm of chromosome 4 4Ag derived from Agropyron elongatum and has the Ba gene. 4AgL can also be represented by 4AgL(Ba). The 4AgL fragment retaining the Ba gene is represented by 4AgL fragment (Ba).
- 4th represents the fourth chromosome derived from T. thaoudar.
- 4thS represents the short arm of 4th and contains the gene (Rf gene) that restores male fertility.
- 4thS can also be represented by 4thS(Rf).
- the 4thS fragment retaining the Rf gene is represented by 4thS fragment (Rf).
- 4B represents chromosome 4 of group B from hexaploid common wheat (T. aestivum).
- 4BS represents the short arm of 4B.
- 4BL represents the long arm of 4B.
- 4BS represents 4BS with linkage of Rht3 gene and ms1b gene.
- the Rht3 gene is a dwarf gene (from Nainari Rht3).
- the ms1b gene is a male sterility gene (from the "Probus" mutant).
- ⁇ stands for centromere.
- T stands for translocated chromosomes or translocated telosomes (ie, chromosomes with the centromere at the end).
- II represents a bivalent body. I stands for monovalent.
- N4B stands for 4B chromosome deletion, that is, there is no 4B chromosome.
- the ms1b-Rht3-containing wheat with semi-dwarf and male sterility traits is any wheat with this trait and chromosomal form, for example, the semi-dwarf and male sterility wheat obtained by the method described in ZL200610042629.8 Wheat containing ms1b-Rht3 with fertility traits (that is, ms-Rht3/Ms-rht3 (semi-dwarf) wheat in the 13th line on page 7 of the specification whose authorized announcement number is CN100420368C).
- the present invention is based on the germplasm materials accumulated in the early stage, and makes full use of traditional biological technology, chromosome engineering technology and crop genetic breeding methods to create a more stable gene with exogenous restorer genes and blue grains. Tightly linked exogenous translocation chromosomes or translocation end bodies, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the blue standard type two-line hybrid wheat system.
- the present invention improves the stability of the additional translocation chromosome in the production process of its sterile line, and creates a gene that has full recovery ability to the recessive sterility gene ms1 and contains expression dosage Effect and endosperm texture of the blue-grain gene Ba and the exogenous restorer gene Rf exogenous translocation chromosome [T4AgL (Ba-containing fragment)-4BL (closed to the silk point fragment). 4thS and T4AgL (Ba-containing fragment)- 4BL (fragment close to centromere).
- White/red seed (sterile line) and blue seed mixed seeds are obtained through dual-purpose line selfing, and white/red seed (sterile line) and light/medium blue seed (dual-purpose line) are separated by color sorting machine And dark blue seeds, sterile lines are used for hybrid seed production, light/medium blue seeds (dual-purpose lines) are used for breeding sterile lines and dual-purpose lines, dark blue seeds are eliminated or used as parents to transfer new sterile It can be used as a dual-purpose system for purification and rejuvenation. Different translocation chromosomes or translocation end bodies can be replaced with each other as needed to meet the purity and stability requirements of sterile lines under different genetic backgrounds.
- the invention has the characteristics of fast breeding of sterile lines, low production cost of hybrids, strong advantages, etc., and is better than the previous invention of "a method for breeding hybrid wheat with two-line method using blue grain as a marker trait (ZL200610042629.8 )” is more stable and reliable.
- Figure 1 is the schematic diagram and FISH image of the translocated chromosome T4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4thS (Rf) (left: schematic diagram; right: FISH image).
- Fig. 2 is the karyotype map of the additional line plants: 21II(msms)+I T4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4thS(Rf) .
- Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of translocated chromosome T4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4thS fragment (Rf) (left: schematic diagram; right: chromosome).
- Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the translocation endosome T4AgL fragment (Ba)-4thS fragment (Rf) ⁇ (left: schematic diagram; right: chromosome endosome).
- Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the translocation endosome T4thS fragment (Rf)-4AgL fragment (Ba) ⁇ (left: schematic diagram; right: chromosome endosome).
- Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the translocation endosome T4thS fragment (Rf)-4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL ⁇ (left: schematic diagram; right: chromosome endosome).
- Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the breeding process of dual-purpose lines.
- Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the breeding process of a strong dominant combination (hybrid).
- 4AgL represents the long arm of the fourth chromosome 4Ag derived from Agropyron elongatum, which has the Ba gene, which is a blue-grain gene that exhibits dosage effects and endosperm intuition, and is a dominant gene, endosperm and aleurone layer
- the grains with 3 copies of the Ba gene are dark blue, the grains with 2 copies of the Ba gene in the endosperm and aleurone layer are medium blue, and the grains with 1 copy of the Ba gene in the endosperm and aleurone layer are light blue , the endosperm and aleurone layer do not have the Ba gene kernels are white or red.
- 4AgL can also be represented by 4AgL(Ba).
- the 4AgL fragment retaining the Ba gene is represented by 4AgL fragment (Ba).
- 4th represents the fourth chromosome derived from T. thaoudar.
- 4thS represents the short arm of 4th and contains the gene (Rf gene) that restores male fertility.
- 4thS can also be represented by 4thS(Rf).
- the 4thS fragment retaining the Rf gene is represented by 4thS fragment (Rf).
- 4B represents chromosome 4 of group B from hexaploid common wheat (T. aestivum).
- 4BS represents the short arm of 4B.
- 4BL represents the long arm of 4B.
- 4BS represents 4BS with linkage of Rht3 gene and ms1b gene.
- the Rht3 gene is a dwarf gene (from Nainari Rht3), which is a dominant gene. Plants with 2 copies of the Rht3 gene appear as short stems, and plants with 1 copy of the Rht3 gene appear as semi-dwarf stems without the Rht3 gene The plants appear as tall stems.
- the ms1b gene is a male sterility gene (from the "Probus" mutant) and is a recessive gene.
- ⁇ stands for centromere.
- T stands for translocated chromosomes or translocated telosomes (ie, chromosomes with the centromere at the end).
- II represents a bivalent body. I stands for monovalent.
- N4B stands for 4B chromosome deletion, that is, there is no 4B chromosome.
- non-blue grains including white grains or red grains
- blue grains including light blue grains, medium blue grains or dark blue grains
- short stem, semi-dwarf stem, and tall stem refer to plant height traits.
- fertility and sterility refer to the male fertility traits of plants.
- a plant having the traits of blue-grained, short stem and sterile means that the plant has the traits of dwarf stem and male sterility and the plant is grown from blue-grained seeds.
- the male sterile plant is used as the female parent, and the other parental plant is used as the male parent.
- White-grained sterile plant of 06L6109-3 dual-purpose line it is a dwarf and male sterile plant grown from white-grained seeds obtained from selfing of 06L6109-3 dual-purpose line.
- the 06L6109-3 dual-purpose line is a hybrid of ms1b-Rht3-containing wheat grown from white seeds with semi-dwarf and male sterility traits and the dual-purpose line obtained by the method in ZL200610042629.8. Rht3-ms1b blue-grain dual-purpose line.
- the karyotype of the dual-purpose line obtained by the method in ZL200610042629.8 is: 21II (msms)+I T4thS ⁇ 4AgL ; that is, an additional line of wheat containing the translocation chromosome T4thS ⁇ 4AgL.
- the plants screened in step (2) are the plants with translocation chromosome T4AgL(Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4BS(Rht3-ms1b), called T4AgL(Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4BS(Rht3-ms1b) translocation line plants.
- T4AgL(Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4BS(Rht3-ms1b) translocation plants homozygous: dwarf and male sterile plants grown from blue seeds.
- step (3) The plants screened in step (3) are crossed with wheat (high stem and male fertile wheat grown from blue-grained seeds) with translocation chromosome T4AgL(Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4BS, and the obtained plants can be self-selected. Cross and save the seeds, and the dwarf and male sterile plants similar to those in step (3) can be continuously obtained.
- T4AgL(Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4BS(Rht3-ms1b) translocation line plants (homozygous) were crossed with wheat 4B substitution line 4th, and more than 500 grains with 4th and translocation chromosome T4AgL(Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4BS were obtained (Rht3-ms1b) double monomeric seed.
- the karyotype of dimeric seeds was: 20II+I T4AgL(Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4BS(Rht3-ms1b) +I 4th .
- N4B wheat 4B substitution line 4th
- Phenotype blue-grained (the blue-grained gene it contains does not express endosperm intuition), tall stem and male fertile.
- step 2 Sowing and cultivating the double monomer seeds obtained in step 2 into plants, selfing, selecting dark blue seeds for planting and screening out tall and male fertile plants.
- step 4 Hybridize the plant screened in step 3 with the white-grained sterile strain of the 14L6386 dual-purpose line, and prepare 561 hybrid combinations in total.
- the hybrid combinations are numbered one by one, and the hybrid combinations with blue seeds are screened (the 4th chromosome can be screened out here blue-grain gene on
- White-seed sterile plant of 14L6386 dual-purpose line it is a male sterile plant grown from white-grained seeds obtained from selfing of 14L6386 dual-purpose line.
- the 14L6386 dual-purpose line is a blue-grain dual-purpose line obtained by crossing the 09L6034 dual-purpose line (male parent) and the waxy wheat line (female parent) wheat).
- the 09L6034 dual-purpose line is a blue-grain dual-purpose line selected from Zhou 88114 (named Zhoumai 11) as the recurrent parent (female parent) and the T0065-10B-2LB-4 dual-purpose line after 3 backcrosses.
- T0065-10B-2LB-4 dual-purpose system is recorded in ZL200610042629.8.
- the karyotype of the dual-purpose line T0065-10B-2LB-4 is: 21II(msms)+I T4thS ⁇ 4AgL ; that is, an additional line of wheat containing translocation chromosome T4thS ⁇ 4AgL.
- step 4 sow the blue seeds of different hybrid combinations in order and cultivate them into plants. If the plants obtained from all the seeds are male fertile plants, the corresponding hybrid combination seeds are developed. A potential translocation line. A total of 35 potential translocation lines were obtained, namely 14T1, 14T2, ..., 14T34, and 14T35.
- the 35 potential translocation lines that step 5 obtains carry out the following operations respectively: selfing and harvesting seeds, seeds are divided into two groups of blue seeds and white seeds; blue seeds (100/potential translocation line) and white seeds (100 seeds/potential translocation line) were sown and cultivated into plants, if all the individual plants obtained from the blue seeds were male fertile plants and the individual plants obtained from all the white seeds were Male sterile plants, then these male fertile individual plants cultivated from blue seeds are identified by FISH, and the individual plants with translocation chromosome T4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4thS(Rf) are screened, and these individual plants form T4AgL Fragment (Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4thS(Rf) Translocation Line Population.
- a total of 5 translocation lines meeting the requirements were obtained, namely 14T9, 14T12, 14T21, 14T31 and 14T34. At the same time, a less stable translocation line, namely 14T35, was obtained and used in Example 2.
- step 7 From the selfing progeny of 5 translocation lines obtained in step 6, screen white seeds: plants with a blue seed quantity of about 2:1, which contain the translocation chromosome T4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4thS (Rf) additional system (dual-purpose system).
- the karyotype of the additional line is: 21II(msms)+I T4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4thS(Rf) .
- Figure 1 for the schematic diagram and FISH image of the translocation chromosome T4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4thS(Rf).
- Figure 2 for the karyotype of the additional line plants.
- the obtained additional line plants were planted in expanded populations, and the frequency of male sterile plants in blue-grained populations and male-fertile plants in white-grained populations in different individual plants was investigated.
- the frequency of male sterile plants in the blue-grained population was 0.5-5%, and the frequency of male-fertile plants in the white-grained population was 0.2-3%.
- the test population is more than 1000 plants.
- the 15L4167 dual-purpose line was bred through generation selection (except for the poor stability of the additional chromosome, the rest of the agronomic traits have been stabilized).
- the 15L4167 dual-purpose line is an addition line (dual-purpose line) containing the translocation chromosome T4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4thS(Rf).
- the karyotype of the 15L4167 dual-purpose line is: 21II(msms)+I T4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4thS(Rf) .
- the 15L4167 dual-purpose line was selfed, and then the male sterile plants grown from blue-grained seeds were screened, that is, the plants with the translocated terminal body T4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL ⁇ .
- This plant is crossed with dark blue grain fertile plants (15L4167 dual-purpose line selfing, screening male fertile plants grown from dark blue grain seeds, all the seeds formed after selfing are blue grain seeds), and then screened for dark blue grain seeds
- the grown male fertile plants are selfed, and then the plants with male sterility are screened from the plants developed from the selfed seeds, and further screened by microscopy to obtain the T4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL with the translocation end body. additional line of plants.
- the karyotype of the additional line plants was: 21II(msms)+I T4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL ⁇ .
- the phenotype of the additional line is: the seeds are dark blue grains, and the plants are male sterile.
- the 15L4167 dual-purpose line was selfed, and then the male fertile plants grown from the white seeds were selected, that is, the plants with the terminal body 4thS(Rf) ⁇ were further screened by microscopy to obtain the additional Department of plants.
- the karyotype of the additional line plants was: 21II(msms)+I 4thS(Rf) ⁇ .
- the phenotypes of the additional lines are: the seeds are white, and the plants are male fertile.
- the seed obtained in step 2 is used as the male parent and the white seed as the female parent (the white seed is obtained by selfing of the 15L4167 dual-purpose line) as a hybrid combination, and is planted alternately by 2 rows than 2-4 rows and cultivated as Plants, artificially assisted pollination at flowering, blue-grained seeds selected from seeds obtained from the female parent plant.
- step 4 Sow the blue seeds obtained in step 3 and cultivate them into plants, eliminate male sterile plants, and harvest male fertile plants; the male fertile plants harvested are tested indoors, and the selected seeds have both blue seeds and Plants with white seeds.
- step 5 A total of 1480 individual plants were selected in step 4, and white seeds and blue seeds were sorted out according to individual plants.
- the seed that sowing step 5 obtains (80 white grain seeds and 80 blue grain seeds of each single plant sowing) is cultivated as a plant; if the plants obtained by the blue grain seeds of a certain single plant are all male fertile plants, And the plants obtained from the white seeds of the single plant are all male sterile plants, and the light blue seeds of the single plant are subjected to microscopic examination to obtain the translocation chromosome T4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4thS fragment (Rf). Translocation plants are also known as dual-purpose lines.
- 15yi 3357 had a translocation chromosome T4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4thS fragment (Rf).
- FIG. 3 The schematic diagram of the translocated chromosome T4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4thS fragment (Rf) is shown in Fig. 3 .
- the obtained additional line plants were planted in expanded populations, and the frequency of male sterile plants in blue-grained populations and male-fertile plants in white-grained populations in different individual plants was investigated.
- the break frequency of the translocation chromosome T4AgL segment (Ba)-4BL ⁇ 4thS segment (Rf) from the centromere is less than 2%, and the frequency of fertile plants in the sterile line is about half of that of the sterile plant in the dual-purpose line (less than 1 %).
- the test population is more than 1000 plants.
- the karyotype of the dual-purpose line cultivated in the invention patent is: 21II (msms)+I T4thS ⁇ 4AgL ; that is, the addition line wheat (16L6386 dual-purpose line) containing the translocation chromosome T4thS ⁇ 4AgL.
- the 16L6386 dual-purpose line was selfed, and dark blue seeds were harvested, planted and cultivated into plants, and these plants were male fertile plants.
- step (2) The plants screened in step (2) are crossed with the plants obtained in step (3), the dark blue seeds are screened and cultivated into plants, and male sterile plants are screened from their selfed offspring.
- the above-screened dark blue seeds are self-propagating enough seeds (seeds are all dark blue).
- the 16L6386 dual-purpose line was selfed, the white seeds were harvested, planted and cultivated into plants, the male fertile plants were selected, and the plants with the terminal body 4thS(Rf) ⁇ were screened by microscopy. Self-propagation enough seeds for future use.
- the male sterile plant screened in step (4) is crossed with the male fertile plant screened in step (5), and the harvested seeds (both are blue grains) are cultivated into plants, then selfed, and the dark blue grain seeds are screened through a microscope.
- the double-diende seeds with the terminal body 4AgL(Ba) ⁇ and the terminal body 4thS(Rf) ⁇ were detected and screened, which was the double-diende addition line.
- the karyotype of the double doublet seeds was: 21II(msms)+II 4AgL(Ba) ⁇ +II 4thS(Rf) ⁇ . Seeds (all dark blue seeds) sufficient for self-propagation are used for future use.
- step 2 The double-diende seeds obtained in step 1 are treated with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) chemical mutagen or ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) chemical mutagen or radiation treatment, and then cultivated into plants.
- DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
- EMS ethyl methanesulfonate
- the plant grown from the heavy double-end body seeds obtained in step 1 is used as the male parent, and the white-seeded sterile plant (the male sterile plant grown from the white-seeded seed obtained by selfing of the 16L6386 dual-purpose line) as the female parent ) hybridization, harvest the seeds on the female plant, select the blue seed to treat with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) chemical mutagen or treat with ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) chemical mutagen or radiation treatment, then cultivate for plants.
- DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
- EMS ethyl methanesulfonate
- step 2 or step 3 The plant obtained in step 2 or step 3 is used as the male parent, and is crossed with the white-grained sterile plant (the male sterile plant grown from the white-grained seed obtained by selfing of the 16L6386 dual-purpose line) as the female parent, and the female parent is harvested. Seeds on this plant and select blue seeds from them.
- the white-grained sterile plant the male sterile plant grown from the white-grained seed obtained by selfing of the 16L6386 dual-purpose line
- step 4 Sow the blue seeds obtained in step 4 and cultivate them into plants, eliminate the male sterile plants, and select 26567 individual plants; the selected plants will be selfed and harvested seeds, and the selected seeds have both blue seeds and Plants with white seeds.
- step 5 For the plants screened in step 5, the white seeds and blue seeds obtained by selfing were collected respectively.
- step 6 Sow the seeds obtained in step 6 (sort out 100 white seeds and 100 blue seeds for each individual plant) and cultivate them into plants; if the blue seeds of a certain individual plant obtain plants that are all male fertile Plants, and the white seeds of the individual plants are all male sterile plants, these individual plants are potential plants with telomeres, the blue seeds of these individual plants are subjected to microscopic examination, and the T4AgL fragments with translocation telomeres are selected (Ba)-4thS fragment (Rf) ⁇ or translocation endosome T4thS fragment (Rf)-4AgL fragment (Ba) ⁇ , light/medium blue seeds are dual-purpose lines.
- the male sterile strains are 0 lines, that is, the translocation lines with the translocation end body T4AgL fragment (Ba)-4thS fragment (Rf), which are 20DT1, 20DT3, 20DT7, and 20DT9.
- the male fertile line is 0, that is, the translocation line with the translocation terminal body T4thS fragment (Rf)-4AgL fragment (Ba), which is 20DT2, 20DT4, 20DT5, 20DT6, 20DT8 .
- the schematic diagram of the translocation terminal body T4AgL fragment (Ba)-4thS fragment (Rf) is shown in FIG. 4 .
- the schematic diagram of the translocation terminal body T4thS fragment (Rf)-4AgL fragment (Ba) is shown in FIG. 5 .
- step 2 The double-diende seeds obtained in step 1 are treated with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) chemical mutagen or ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) chemical mutagen or radiation treatment, and then cultivated into plants.
- DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
- EMS ethyl methanesulfonate
- the plant grown from the double-diende seeds obtained in step 1 is used as the male parent, and the male sterile plant grown from the white seed grown by selfing of the 15L4167 dual-purpose line as the female parent Crossbreeding, harvest the seeds on the female plant, select blue grain seeds to process with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) chemical mutagen or process or radiation treatment with ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) chemical mutagen, then cultivate into plants.
- DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
- EMS ethyl methanesulfonate
- step 2 or step 3 The plant obtained in step 2 or step 3 is used as the male parent, and is crossed with the white-grained sterile plant (the male sterile plant grown from the white-grained seeds obtained by selfing of the 15L4167 dual-purpose line) as the female parent, and the female parent is harvested Seeds on the plant and sifting the blue seed from it.
- the white-grained sterile plant the male sterile plant grown from the white-grained seeds obtained by selfing of the 15L4167 dual-purpose line
- step 4 Sowing the blue seeds obtained in step 4 and cultivating them into plants, eliminating the male sterile plants, selfing the selected plants and harvesting seeds, and selecting the plants whose seeds have both blue seeds and white seeds.
- step 5 For the plants screened in step 5, the white seeds and blue seeds obtained by selfing were collected respectively.
- step 6 Sow the seeds obtained in step 6 (sort out 100 white seeds and 100 blue seeds for each individual plant) and cultivate them into plants; if the blue seeds of a certain individual plant obtain plants that are all male fertile Plants, and the white seeds of the individual plants are all male sterile plants, the blue seeds in these individual plants are examined under the microscope, and selected into the T4thS fragment (Rf)-4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL with translocation terminal body.
- the strain that is, the translocation line with the translocation end body T4thS fragment (Rf)-4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL ⁇ .
- One translocation line, namely 21DT1 was obtained.
- the schematic diagram of the translocation terminal body T4thS fragment (Rf)-4AgL fragment (Ba)-4BL ⁇ is shown in FIG. 6 .
- Translocation telosome T4AgL fragment (Ba)-4thS fragment (Rf) The frequency of separation of the two target genes is 0-1 ⁇ , only the sterile line will have 0-0.5 ⁇ fertile plants, and the blue-grain population will not appear sterile plants.
- the separation frequency of the two target genes is 0-1 ⁇ , sterile There will be no fertile plants in the line, and 0-1 ⁇ sterile plants will appear in the dual-purpose line.
- Embodiment 4 the breeding method of new dual-purpose line (sterile line)
- the dual-purpose lines cultivated in Examples 1 to 3 can be used to cultivate new dual-purpose lines.
- the flow chart is shown in FIG. 7 .
- the excellent line and the blue-grain dual-purpose line or dark blue-grain hybrid combination of the new system are selected.
- the blue-grained seeds are selected for planting.
- the blue-white or blue-red seeds are finally selected.
- Light/medium blue seeds are planted, and the F 2 generation excellent individual plants with blue-white or blue-red seeds are selected.
- 82 seeds were planted separately from blue seeds, white seeds or red seeds, each planted in 2 rows, 2m row length, row spacing 25cm, 5cm artificial on-demand sowing.
- the existing wheat color sorter is designed for processing wheat to remove impurities and mildewed grains. After research and experimentation by the machine manufacturer, it was found that the color sorter produced by Zhongrui Microvision is more suitable for sorting dark blue, light/medium blue (dual-purpose), white or red seeds. After 2-3 times of continuous sorting, the sorting accuracy of blue, white or red seeds can reach more than 99.9%.
- the color sorter model 6SXZ-68 produced by Zhongrui Microvision has been purchased and used. Use this color sorter to complete the sorting of white or red seeds, light/medium blue seeds (dual-purpose lines) and dark blue seeds to satisfy the breeding of dual-purpose lines (sterile lines). Light/medium blue seeds are used for propagation to produce CMS and dual-purpose seeds.
- the white-grained sterile lines produced by using multiple dual-purpose lines that have been bred have been respectively compared with varieties (lines) Weilong 121, Weilong 166, 13W8-11, Gaoda 1, and Shannong 22 that are suitable as restorer lines.
- varieties (lines) Weilong 121, Weilong 166, 13W8-11, Gaoda 1, and Shannong 22 that are suitable as restorer lines.
- Chuanmai 93, 14th grade 16, 13th grade 6, Mianmai 827, Mianmai 903, MY6381, Chuanyu 36, Shumai 1671, Chuannong 39, Chuanfumai 14, Mianmai 906 and other excellent strains in different ecological regions Hybrid combinations are being formulated, and strong dominant combination screening and new hybrid wheat varieties are being selected in different ecological zones.
- the invention discloses a breeding method and application of a blue standard two-line hybrid wheat system.
- the blue standard two-line method hybrid wheat system of the present invention obtains white/red grain (sterile line) and blue grain mixed seeds through self-crossing of dual-purpose lines, and white/red grain seeds (sterile line) are separated by a color sorter , Light/Medium Blue Seeds (Dual Purpose) and Dark Blue Seeds, CMS for Hybrid Seed Production, Light/Medium Blue Seeds (Dual Purpose) for Propagation of CMS and Dual Purpose, Dark Blue
- the seeds are eliminated or used as parents to breed new sterile lines or to purify and rejuvenate dual-purpose lines.
- the invention has the characteristics of fast breeding of sterile lines, low production cost of hybrids, strong advantages and the like.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (10)
- 一种蓝标型两系法杂交小麦的选育方法,包括如下步骤:(1)06L6109-3两用系的白粒不育株与具有易位染色体T4AgL(Ba)-4BL·4BS的小麦杂交,筛选由蓝粒种子长成的矮杆且雄性不育的植株,即为具有易位染色体T4AgL(Ba)-4BL·4BS(Rht3-ms1b)的植株,称为T4AgL(Ba)-4BL·4BS(Rht3-ms1b)易位系植株;具有易位染色体T4AgL(Ba)-4BL·4BS的小麦由蓝粒种子长成且具有高杆且雄性可育的性状;06L6109-3两用系的白粒不育株:是06L6109-3两用系自交得到的白粒种子长成的矮杆且雄性不育的植株;06L6109-3两用系为由白粒种子长成的具有半矮秆且雄性不育性状的含ms1b-Rht3的小麦与含有易位染色体T4thS·4AgL的附加系小麦杂交并选育而成的具有Rht3-ms1b的蓝粒两用系;(2)T4AgL(Ba)-4BL·4BS(Rht3-ms1b)易位系植株与小麦4B代换系4th杂交,获得具有4th和易位染色体T4AgL(Ba)-4BL·4BS(Rht3-ms1b)的双单体种子;(3)将步骤(2)获得的双单体种子播种并培育成植株,自交,选深蓝粒种子种植并筛选出高杆且雄性可育的植株;(4)将步骤(3)筛选的植株与14L6386两用系的白粒不育株杂交,筛选结有蓝粒种子的杂交组合;14L6386两用系的白粒不育株:是14L6386两用系自交得到的白粒种子长成的雄性不育的植株;14L6386两用系为09L6034两用系与糯小麦品系杂交并选育而成的蓝粒两用系;09L6034两用系是T0065-10B-2LB-4两用系与作为轮回亲本的小麦回交后选育而成的蓝粒两用系;T0065-10B-2LB-4为含有易位染色体T4thS·4AgL的附加系小麦;(5)根据步骤(4)的筛选结果,将蓝粒种子播种并培育成植株,如果所有种子得到的植株均为雄性可育株,相应的杂交组合的种子发育得到的植株组成一个潜在的易位系;(6)步骤(5)得到的潜在的易位系,进行如下操作:自交并收获种子,将种子分为蓝粒种子和白粒种子两组;分别将蓝粒种子和白粒种子播种并培育为植株,如果所有蓝粒种子得到的单株均为雄性可育株且所有白粒种子得到的单株均为雄性不育株,那么将这些由蓝粒种子培育得到的雄性可育单株进行FISH鉴定,筛选具有易位染色体T4AgL片段(Ba)-4BL·4thS(Rf)的单株,这些单株组成T4AgL片段(Ba)-4BL·4thS(Rf)易位系群体;(7)从步骤(6)得到的易位系的自交后代中,筛选白粒种子:蓝粒种子的数量为2:1的植株,即为含有易位染色体T4AgL片段(Ba)-4BL·4thS(Rf)的附加系,又称为两用系。
- 一种蓝标型两系法杂交小麦的选育方法,包括如下步骤:(1)15L4167两用系自交,然后筛选由蓝粒种子长成的雄性不育植株,将 该植株与深蓝粒可育株杂交,然后筛选由深蓝粒种子长成的雄性可育植株并进行自交,然后从自交种子发育的植株中筛选具有雄性不育性状的植株,进一步通过镜检筛选,获得具有易位端体T4AgL片段(Ba)-4BL·的附加系植株;深蓝粒可育株:是15L4167两用系自交得到的深蓝粒种子长成的雄性可育植株;(2)15L4167两用系自交,然后筛选由白粒种子长成的雄性可育植株,进一步通过镜检筛选,获得具有端体4thS(Rf)·的附加系植株;(3)将具有端体4thS(Rf)·的附加系植株作为父本,具有易位端体T4AgL片段(Ba)-4BL·的附加系植株作为母本,进行杂交,获得具有易位端体T4AgL片段(Ba)-4BL·和端体4thS(Rf)·的双单端体种子;(4)将步骤(3)得到的种子作父本与作为母本的白粒种子作为杂交组合,培育为植株并杂交,从母本植株上获得的种子中筛选蓝粒种子;白粒种子由15L4167两用系自交而得;(5)将步骤(4)得到的蓝粒种子播种并培育为植株,淘汰雄性不育株,收获雄性可育株并进行考种,入选得到的种子既有蓝粒种子又有白粒种子的植株;(6)步骤(5)入选的植株,按单株分别分拣出白粒种子和蓝粒种子;(7)播种步骤(6)得到的种子,培育为植株;如果某个单株的蓝粒种子得到的植株全部为雄性可育植株,且该单株的白粒种子得到的植株全部为雄性不育植株,将该单株的浅蓝粒种子进行镜检,获得具有易位染色体T4AgL片段(Ba)-4BL·4thS片段(Rf)的易位系植株,又称为两用系;所述15L4167两用系即权利要求1得到的含有易位染色体T4AgL片段(Ba)-4BL·4thS(Rf)的附加系。
- 一种蓝标型两系法杂交小麦的选育方法,包括如下步骤:(1)16L6386两用系自交,收取蓝粒种子,种植并培育为植株,选择其中的雄性不育株,通过镜检筛选具有端体4AgL(Ba)·的植株;16L6386两用系自交,收取深蓝粒种子,种植并培育为植株,这些植株为雄性可育株;(2)步骤(1)筛选的雄性不育株与步骤(1)获得的雄性可育株杂交,筛选深蓝粒种子并培育为植株,从其自交后代中筛选出雄性不育株;(3)16L6386两用系自交,收取白粒种子,种植并培育为植株,选择其中的雄性可育株,通过镜检筛选具有端体4thS(Rf)·的植株;(4)步骤(2)筛选的雄性不育株与步骤(3)筛选的雄性可育株杂交,收获种子并培育为植株,然后自交,筛选深蓝粒种子,通过镜检筛选具有端体4AgL(Ba)·和端体4thS(Rf)·的重双端体种子;(5)步骤(4)获得的重双端体种子进行诱变处理,然后培育为植株;(6)步骤(4)获得的重双端体种子长成的植株作为父本,与作为母本的白粒不育植株杂交,收获母本植株上的种子,选取蓝粒种子进行诱变处理,然后培育为植株;白粒不育植株:由16L6386两用系自交而得的白粒种子长成的雄性不育植株;(7)将步骤(5)或步骤(6)得到植株作为父本,与作为母本的白粒不育植株杂交,收获母本植株上的种子并从中筛选出蓝粒种子;白粒不育植株:由16L6386两用系自交而得的白粒种子长成的雄性不育植株;(8)将步骤(7)得到的蓝粒种子播种并培育为植株,淘汰雄性不育株,将入选的植株自交并收获种子,入选所结种子既有蓝粒种子又有白粒种子的植株;(9)步骤(8)筛选的植株,按单株分拣出其自交获得的白粒种子和蓝粒种子;(10)播种步骤(9)得到的白粒种子和蓝粒种子,培育为植株;如果某个单株的蓝粒种子得到的植株全部为雄性可育植株,且该单株的白粒种子全部为雄性不育植株,将该单株的的蓝粒种子进行镜检,获得具有易位端体T4AgL片段(Ba)-4thS片段(Rf)·的植株,浅/中蓝粒种子为两用系;16L6386两用系即含有易位染色体T4thS·4AgL的附加系小麦。
- 一种蓝标型两系法杂交小麦的选育方法,包括如下步骤:(1)16L6386两用系自交,收取蓝粒种子,种植并培育为植株,选择其中的雄性不育株,通过镜检筛选具有端体4AgL(Ba)·的植株;16L6386两用系自交,收取深蓝粒种子,种植并培育为植株,这些植株为雄性可育株;(2)步骤(1)筛选的雄性不育株与步骤(1)筛选的雄性可育株杂交,筛选深蓝粒种子并培育为植株,从其自交后代中筛选出雄性不育株;(3)16L6386两用系自交,收取白粒种子,种植并培育为植株,选择其中的雄性可育株,通过镜检筛选具有端体4thS(Rf)·的植株;(4)步骤(2)筛选的雄性不育株与步骤(3)筛选的雄性可育株杂交,收获种子并培育为植株,然后自交,筛选深蓝粒种子,通过镜检筛选具有端体4AgL(Ba)·和端体4thS(Rf)·的重双端体种子;(5)步骤(4)获得的重双端体种子进行诱变处理,然后培育为植株;(6)步骤(4)获得的重双端体种子长成的植株作为父本,与作为母本的白粒不育植株杂交,收获母本植株上的种子,选取蓝粒种子进行诱变处理,然后培育为植株;白粒不育植株:由16L6386两用系自交而得的白粒种子长成的雄性不育植株;(7)将步骤(5)或步骤(6)得到植株作为父本,与作为母本的白粒不育植株杂交,收获母本植株上的种子并从中筛选出蓝粒种子;白粒不育植株:由16L6386两用系自交而得的白粒种子长成的雄性不育植株;(8)将步骤(7)得到的蓝粒种子播种并培育为植株,淘汰雄性不育株,将入选的植株自交并收获种子,入选所结种子既有蓝粒种子又有白粒种子的植株;(9)步骤(8)筛选的植株,按单株分拣其自交获得的白粒种子和蓝粒种子;(10)播种步骤(9)得到的种子,培育为植株;如果某个单株的蓝粒种子得到的植株全部为雄性可育植株,且该单株的白粒种子全部为雄性不育植株,将该单株的的蓝粒种子进行镜检,获得具有易位端体T4thS片段(Rf)-4AgL片段 (Ba)·的植株,浅/中蓝粒种子为两用系;16L6386两用系即含有易位染色体T4thS·4AgL的附加系小麦。
- 一种蓝标型两系法杂交小麦的选育方法,包括如下步骤:(1)将具有易位端体T4AgL片段(Ba)-4BL·和端体4thS(Rf)·的重双端体种子繁殖;(2)步骤(1)获得的重双端体种子进行诱变处理,然后培育为植株;(3)步骤(1)获得的重双端体种子长成的植株作为父本,与作为母本的白粒不育植株杂交,收获母本植株上的种子,选取蓝粒种子进行诱变处理,然后培育为植株;白粒不育植株:15L4167两用系自交而得的白粒种子长成的雄性不育植株;所述15L4167两用系即权利要求1得到的含有易位染色体T4AgL片段(Ba)-4BL·4thS(Rf)的附加系;(4)将步骤(2)或步骤(3)得到植株作为父本,与作为母本的白粒不育植株杂交,收获母本植株上的种子并从中筛选出蓝粒种子;白粒不育植株:15L4167两用系自交而得的白粒种子长成的雄性不育植株;所述15L4167两用系即权利要求1得到的含有易位染色体T4AgL片段(Ba)-4BL·4thS(Rf)的附加系;(5)将步骤(4)得到的蓝粒种子播种并培育为植株,淘汰雄性不育株,将入选的植株自交并收获种子,入选所结种子既有蓝粒种子又有白粒种子的植株;(6)步骤(5)筛选的植株,按单株分拣出其自交获得的白粒种子和蓝粒种子;(7)播种步骤(6)得到的种子,培育为植株;如果某个单株的蓝粒种子得到的植株全部为雄性可育植株,且该单株的白粒种子全部为雄性不育植株,将这些单株中的蓝粒种子进行镜检,获得具有易位端体T4thS片段(Rf)-4AgL片段(Ba)-4BL·的植株,浅/中蓝粒种子即为两用系;所述双单端体种子为权利要求2的步骤3获得的具有易位端体T4AgL片段(Ba)-4BL·和端体4thS片段(Rf)·的重双单端体种子。
- 一种异位染色体,依次包括如下区段:4AgL片段(Ba)、4BL、着丝粒、4thS(Rf)。
- 一种异位染色体,依次包括如下区段:4AgL片段(Ba)、4BL、着丝粒、4thS片段(Rf)。
- 一种异位端体,依次包括如下区段:4AgL片段(Ba)、4thS片段(Rf)、着丝粒。
- 一种异位端体,依次包括如下区段:4thS片段(Rf)、4AgL片段(Ba)、着丝粒。
- 一种异位端体,依次包括如下区段:4thS片段(Rf)、4AgL片段(Ba)-4BL、着丝粒。
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CN116326480A (zh) * | 2023-03-21 | 2023-06-27 | 黑龙江省农业科学院作物资源研究所 | 一种重离子与组织培养相结合进行小麦育种的方法 |
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