WO2022256857A1 - Brennkraftsystem mit einem verbrennungsmotor - Google Patents
Brennkraftsystem mit einem verbrennungsmotor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022256857A1 WO2022256857A1 PCT/AT2022/060194 AT2022060194W WO2022256857A1 WO 2022256857 A1 WO2022256857 A1 WO 2022256857A1 AT 2022060194 W AT2022060194 W AT 2022060194W WO 2022256857 A1 WO2022256857 A1 WO 2022256857A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- reformer
- internal combustion
- fuel
- combustion system
- exhaust gas
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 56
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001833 catalytic reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;hydrate Chemical compound O.CCO IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
- F02M26/35—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with means for cleaning or treating the recirculated gases, e.g. catalysts, condensate traps, particle filters or heaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G5/00—Profiting from waste heat of combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02G5/02—Profiting from waste heat of exhaust gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
- F02M25/022—Adding fuel and water emulsion, water or steam
- F02M25/025—Adding water
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/11—Manufacture or assembly of EGR systems; Materials or coatings specially adapted for EGR systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
- F02M26/22—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
- F02M26/22—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
- F02M26/23—Layout, e.g. schematics
- F02M26/24—Layout, e.g. schematics with two or more coolers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
- F02M26/36—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with means for adding fluids other than exhaust gas to the recirculation passage; with reformers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M31/00—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
- F02M31/02—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating
- F02M31/16—Other apparatus for heating fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/02—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a heat exchanger
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/16—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an electric heater, i.e. a resistance heater
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/20—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a flow director or deflector
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/30—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a fuel reformer
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2510/00—Surface coverings
- F01N2510/06—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction
- F01N2510/068—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction characterised by the distribution of the catalytic coatings
- F01N2510/0682—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction characterised by the distribution of the catalytic coatings having a discontinuous, uneven or partially overlapping coating of catalytic material, e.g. higher amount of material upstream than downstream or vice versa
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2510/00—Surface coverings
- F01N2510/06—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction
- F01N2510/068—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction characterised by the distribution of the catalytic coatings
- F01N2510/0684—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction characterised by the distribution of the catalytic coatings having more than one coating layer, e.g. multi-layered coatings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/0205—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust using heat exchangers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/101—Three-way catalysts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
- F02M25/022—Adding fuel and water emulsion, water or steam
- F02M25/0228—Adding fuel and water emulsion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the invention relates to an internal combustion system with an internal combustion engine, an exhaust pipe and an EGR arrangement, the EGR arrangement having a recirculation section for recirculating exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe, in particular into a fuel inlet of the internal combustion engine, with a first reformer for reforming fuel in reformate in the recirculation section and an evaporator for evaporating fuel is arranged.
- the invention further relates to the use of such an internal combustion system.
- a reformer is usually used to convert the fuel in order to improve its calorific properties and thus increase the efficiency of an internal combustion engine by recovering heat from exhaust gas.
- the object of the invention is to improve the efficiency of an internal combustion system with a reformer.
- the EGR arrangement allows the thermal energy of the exhaust gas to be used effectively for the reforming process.
- the reforming process can be carried out in a correspondingly energy-saving manner.
- the overall efficiency of the internal combustion system equipped with the EGR arrangement can thus be increased and corresponding fuel savings can be achieved.
- the internal combustion system is designed in particular as an Otto engine arrangement, which can be operated, for example, with gasoline as the fuel.
- the reformer u. a. hydrogen and methane can be obtained. That is, the reformate comprises a mixture containing hydrogen and methane. Hydrogen and methane can preferably be fed to the internal combustion engine via the recirculation section and burned there directly.
- the fuel or fuel is in particular liquid. The terms fuel and fuel are used interchangeably herein.
- An EGR arrangement is to be understood as meaning an exhaust gas recirculation arrangement for recirculating exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine back into the internal combustion engine.
- the EGR arrangement can include all functional components that are required for a generic exhaust gas recirculation.
- Under the internal combustion system is in particular a mobile internal combustion system for a motor vehicle, in particular 3 AVL List GmbH a road vehicle.
- the EGR arrangement can also be used in a stationary manner, for example in a power plant with a suitable internal combustion system.
- the EGR assembly or recirculation section can be recirculated at two different locations before or at the fuel inlet: either upstream or downstream of a turbine, depending on whether the recycle gas is already at high or low pressure.
- a control device is preferably arranged in the EGR arrangement, via which one of the two paths can be controlled.
- the first reformer is preferably catalytically coated for the reforming of an exhaust gas/fuel mixture, in particular designed as a catalytic reformer.
- the first reformer can have a plate heat exchanger or be designed as a reformer plate heat exchanger.
- the reformer can thus be used in a space-saving manner and at the same time over a large area for reforming the exhaust gas/fuel mixture.
- the plates of the reformer plate heat exchanger are catalytically coated.
- first and the second reformer can also be designed as two parts of a common reformer.
- the evaporator is designed in particular as an evaporator heat exchanger and for evaporating liquid fuel.
- the second reformer is designed as a reformer heat exchanger, with a first side of the second reformer being connected to the exhaust gas line and a second side of the reformer being connected to the recirculation section. That is, the hot exhaust gas heats up the reformer heat exchanger, so the recycled exhaust gas can be reformed by this heat energy. It has proven particularly advantageous if the second reformer has a plate heat exchanger or is designed as a reformer plate heat exchanger. The reformer can thus be used in a space-saving manner and at the same time over a large area for reforming the exhaust gas/fuel mixture.
- the plates of the reformer plate heat exchanger are catalytically coated on a second side in order to reform the recycled exhaust gas.
- the second side is advantageously arranged in the EGR arrangement or at least connected to it. 4 AVL List GmbH
- the second reformer is arranged in the exhaust gas line and the recirculation section of the EGR arrangement leads through the second side of the second reformer. Upstream of the second reformer, the recirculation section leads in particular to the evaporator.
- a first side of the second reformer is arranged in the exhaust gas line, with a second side of the second reformer being connected to the recirculation section.
- the second reformer designed as a reformer heat exchanger is therefore arranged in the internal combustion system in such a way that heat can be exchanged between the EGR arrangement and the exhaust gas line.
- the exhaust gas in the exhaust line is discharged to the outside after the reformer heat exchanger or flows through one or more other exhaust gas aftertreatment components.
- a catalytic converter for example, is arranged upstream of the reformer heat exchanger (second reformer) in the exhaust pipe.
- Further exhaust gas aftertreatment elements can advantageously be arranged in the exhaust gas line downstream of the second reformer before the gas is discharged to the outside into the environment.
- the second reformer is arranged in the recirculation section downstream of the first reformer, with the second reformer being connected to the exhaust gas line. That is, the second side of the reformer heat exchanger is located in the EGR assembly.
- the recirculated exhaust gas in the recirculation section consequently flows first through the first and then through the second reformer and is gradually completely reformed by the two reformers.
- both reformers are catalytically coated on the EGR side.
- a fuel line is advantageously provided for supplying fuel to the internal combustion engine and to the evaporator.
- Fuel can be supplied to the internal combustion engine through the fuel line.
- a branch from the fuel line can be provided upstream of the internal combustion engine, via which branch liquid fuel can be fed to the evaporator in order to vaporize it in the evaporator.
- the evaporator is designed as an evaporator heat exchanger. The energy required for evaporation is supplied via the reformed exhaust gas, which is fed via a warm side of the evaporator 5 AVL List GmbH
- Heat exchanger is performed.
- the fuel is consequently fed to the cold side of the reformer.
- a mixer is arranged upstream of the first reformer, with a steam line for supplying evaporated fuel to the mixer being provided between the evaporator and the mixer.
- the evaporator is arranged in the recirculation section downstream of the second reformer to supply the reformed exhaust gas to the evaporator.
- the fuel supplied to the evaporator is then vaporized by the reformed exhaust gas.
- the then gaseous fuel is fed to the mixer, which is arranged upstream of the first reformer in the recirculation section.
- the gaseous fuel is mixed with the exhaust gas which is taken from the exhaust pipe and fed to the first reformer in order to carry out steam reforming.
- the amount of reformed fuel can be increased via the reformer by supplying energy.
- the proportion of hydrogen can be further increased and the efficiency of the entire engine arrangement is increased.
- processes in a reformer can be directly influenced by the design and arrangement of a catalyst.
- a particular effect here is that the tolerance for EGR in the engine arrangement can be increased by reforming the fuel. This makes it possible to increase the EGR rate from around the current limit of 30% to up to 45%. In a particularly favorable method, therefore, the EGR rate is more than 30% and up to 45% and preferably between 40% and 45%. This increase in EGR rate is directly related to an amount of hydrogen produced by reforming.
- the arrangement according to the invention allows sufficient fuel to be generated for the production of hydrogen.
- the fuel which is supplied to the catalytic converter is in the form of gaseous fuel or vaporous fuel, for example in the form of gaseous gasoline or ethanol.
- the fuel which is supplied to the reformer is upgraded by increasing the calorific value and on the other hand the concentration of hydrogen is improved. 6 AVL List GmbH
- a heating device for heating the fuel.
- the heating device is arranged in the fuel line, whereby it is preferably only arranged in that part of the fuel line which supplies fuel to the evaporator.
- the fuel already has a defined temperature when it enters the evaporator, so that evaporation can be carried out more efficiently. It is favorable here that the necessary heating energy for the heating device is taken from the internal combustion engine.
- a water line for supplying water to the internal combustion engine and optionally to the evaporator can advantageously be provided.
- an injector is provided for supplying water to the internal combustion engine.
- Combustion, especially of ethanol, can be improved and stabilized by the water. If sooting in the evaporator is to be prevented or at least reduced, it is advantageous if water is also fed to the evaporator in addition to fuel. In principle, it can also be advantageous if the internal combustion system is operated with an ethanol/water mixture. A separate water pipe is then no longer necessary.
- an EGR cooler is arranged downstream of the evaporator. Downstream of the EGR cooler, the recirculation section is fed back to the combustion engine.
- the exhaust pipe comprises at least one catalytic converter designed in particular as a three-way catalytic converter.
- the catalyst is arranged in particular upstream of the second reformer.
- Two three-way catalytic converters are particularly preferably provided, which preferably directly adjoin one another in the direction of flow in the exhaust pipe.
- the exhaust gas downstream of the catalysts still has enough heat to activate the catalyst material in the second reformer, i. H. bring to operating temperature.
- the second reformer is coated on both sides, the coatings being different, with the first side being designed in particular as a three-way catalytic converter.
- the second reformer is advantageously designed as a plate reformer heat exchanger. At least one separate three-way catalytic converter can therefore be dispensed with.
- the first side is covered with a typical coating for a 3-way catalytic converter like 7 AVL List GmbH coated with precious metals, for example, with an aluminum oxide.
- the first side of the second reformer thus forms the warm side of the reformer heat exchanger formed as a result.
- the second side which forms the cold side, is coated with a catalyst material for performing a reforming process.
- the reformer is preferably designed as a plate heat exchanger with a coating on both sides.
- the advantage here is that the reaction on the first side is exothermic and the reaction on the second side is endothermic, so that the energy in the exhaust gas can be used directly for reforming.
- the first reformer is coated on both sides, with the coatings being different, with a first side being arranged in the exhaust gas line and being designed in particular as a three-way catalytic converter.
- the first reformer is also designed as a reformer heat exchanger.
- the first reformer now corresponds to the second reformer described above in all of its parts and functions.
- the first side of the first reformer is preferably located upstream of the first side of the second reformer in the exhaust line and the second side of the first reformer is located downstream of the second side of the second reformer in the EGR assembly. Both regular three-way catalytic converters can therefore be dispensed with.
- the internal combustion system according to the invention is advantageously used in a motor vehicle.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of an internal combustion system according to the invention
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a further braking power system according to the invention
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a further braking power system according to the invention
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic representation of a further braking power system according to the invention
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic representation of a further combustion power system according to the invention.
- the EGR arrangement 4 comprises a recirculation section 5, in which a first reformer 7 and an evaporator 8 are arranged.
- the evaporator 8 and the first reformer 7 are connected to one another indirectly via a steam line 12 so that gaseous fuel can be conducted in the direction of the first reformer 7 .
- the steam line does not lead directly into the first reformer 7, but into a mixer 11.
- the gaseous fuel is mixed with recycled exhaust gas.
- the recycled exhaust gas is removed from the exhaust gas line 3 downstream of the internal combustion engine 2 and conducted to the mixer 11 in a first part of the recirculation section 5 . Downstream of the mixer 11, the mixture of recycled exhaust gas and gaseous fuel is at least partially reformed in the first reformer 7, for which the first reformer 7 has a catalytic coating.
- a fuel line 10 is also provided, which carries fuel from a fuel tank K to the internal combustion engine 2 and also to the evaporator 8 .
- the fuel is vaporized and further processed in the evaporator 8 as described above.
- a heating device 13 is arranged in the fuel line 10 and can be used to preheat the fuel for the evaporator 8 .
- the heating device 13 can be in heat-transferring contact with the internal combustion engine 2, as indicated by the double arrow.
- the EGR arrangement 4 further includes an EGR cooler 15 , with the recirculation section 5 being led back to a fuel inlet 6 downstream of the EGR cooler 15 .
- the recycled exhaust gas can be returned to the fuel inlet 6 via two different lines 23 , 24 , for which purpose a control device (not shown) is provided in particular downstream of the EGR cooler 15 .
- the first line 23 is a low-pressure line and conveys the recycled exhaust gas upstream of a turbine 19 indirectly to the fuel inlet again in the direction of the internal combustion engine 2.
- the second line 9 AVL List GmbH
- a further turbine 19 is arranged downstream of the internal combustion engine 2, with the two turbines 19 being mechanically connected to one another in particular.
- a control device 20 for an air flow is provided upstream of the first turbine 19, via which a fuel/air ratio can be set and controlled.
- the internal combustion system 1 also has a second reformer 9, which is designed as a reformer heat exchanger, in particular as a plate reformer heat exchanger. Consequently, the second reformer 9 has a first, warm side, which is arranged in the exhaust gas line 3 or through which exhaust gas flows, and a second, cold side, which is located in the recirculation section 4 .
- the recycled exhaust gas flows from the first reformer 7 into the cold side of the second reformer 9, which is catalytically coated. This coating is activated by the heat of the exhaust gas flowing over the first side of the second reformer 9, so that the recycled exhaust gas can be reformed in particular completely.
- the reformed recycled exhaust gas is sent downstream of the second reformer 9 to the vaporizer 8 where it vaporizes fuel as described above. Finally, the recycled exhaust gas is fed back to the internal combustion engine 6 via the EGR cooler 15 .
- a three-way catalytic converter 16 and other elements 18 for exhaust gas aftertreatment are also arranged in the internal combustion system 1.
- Air is supplied from an air tank L to the internal combustion engine 2 via the first turbine 19 . Downstream of the further elements 18, the exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe 3 is discharged to the outside A to the environment.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of another internal combustion system 1 according to the invention, this corresponding in most parts to that in FIG. 1, which is why these explanations of elements with the same reference numbers are largely dispensed with.
- a water pipe 14 is provided, via which water is fed from a water tank W to the internal combustion engine in order to stabilize the combustion.
- the water line 14 can also be used for water 10 AVL List GmbH
- FIG. 3 shows a further exemplary embodiment of an internal combustion system 1 according to the invention. Those elements which have already been described in connection with FIG. 1 are not described further here.
- the second reformer 9 is arranged in the EGR arrangement 4 . Part of the exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe 3 is routed in the direction of the second reformer 9 and used there for heat transfer and then fed back into the exhaust pipe 3 (see arrows in FIG. 3).
- This internal combustion system 1 further comprises two three-way catalytic converters 16, 17, the exhaust gas being fed to the second reformer 9 downstream of both three-way catalytic converters 16, 17.
- a passive or active flow divider 21 is provided in order to direct part of the exhaust gas in the direction of the second reformer 8 .
- a second active or passive flow divider 22 is provided downstream of the second reformer 9 in order to recombine the parts of the exhaust gas.
- the internal combustion system 1 according to FIG. 4 shows a variant according to FIG. 3, in which part of the exhaust gas is routed to the reformer upstream of a second three-way catalytic converter 17 and returned to the exhaust pipe 3 downstream of the second three-way catalytic converter 17 . It is favorable here if the second reformer 9 is also coated on the first side, this being a second three-way catalytic converter coating, so that the second three-way catalytic converter 17 can be made correspondingly small.
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic illustration of a further internal combustion system 1 according to the invention, elements with the same reference numbers as in the previous figures again not being described.
- the entire exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe 3 flows through the second reformer 9, this first side of the reformer heat exchanger being coated in such a way that it is itself designed as a three-way catalytic converter. Consequently, the second three-way catalytic converter 17 can be dispensed with.
- the second side of the reformer heat exchanger is again designed as a catalytic reformer.
- the reaction in the first side of the reformer heat exchanger is exothermic and provides heat for the endothermic reaction in the second side of the reformer heat exchanger.
- the second reformer 9 is consequently coated on both sides 11 AVL List GmbH
- FIG. 6 shows a further development of the internal combustion system 1 according to FIG. 5.
- the first reformer 7 is also designed as a reformer heat exchanger and is coated on both sides.
- the exhaust gas flows through the first side of the first reformer 7 and functions as a three-way catalytic converter, for which purpose it is coated accordingly.
- the second side of the first reformer 7 is flowed through by the recycled exhaust gas and gaseous fuel, which are reformed there, for which purpose this side has a catalytic coating.
- the reaction in the first side of the first reformer heat exchanger is again exothermic and provides heat for the endothermic reaction in the second side of the first reformer heat exchanger.
- the second three-way catalytic converter 16 can be omitted.
- the first reformer 7 is arranged upstream of the second reformer 9 .
- FIGS. 5 and 6 have proven to be advantageous because on the one hand a number of elements in the internal combustion system 1 is reduced and on the other hand heat from the internal combustion system 1 can be used optimally without different pressure requirements causing difficulties.
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Abstract
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CN202280010382.9A CN116724167A (zh) | 2021-06-11 | 2022-06-10 | 具有内燃发动机的内燃动力*** |
DE112022003032.1T DE112022003032A5 (de) | 2021-06-11 | 2022-06-10 | Brennkraftsystem mit einem Verbrennungsmotor |
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ATA50472/2021 | 2021-06-11 | ||
ATA50472/2021A AT524859B1 (de) | 2021-06-11 | 2021-06-11 | Brennkraftsystem mit einem Verbrennungsmotor |
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WO2022256857A1 true WO2022256857A1 (de) | 2022-12-15 |
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PCT/AT2022/060194 WO2022256857A1 (de) | 2021-06-11 | 2022-06-10 | Brennkraftsystem mit einem verbrennungsmotor |
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CN (1) | CN116724167A (de) |
AT (1) | AT524859B1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE112022003032A5 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2022256857A1 (de) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1688608A1 (de) * | 2005-01-11 | 2006-08-09 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA | Abgasrückführungsvorrichtung |
FR2928700A1 (fr) * | 2008-03-12 | 2009-09-18 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Circuit de recirculation des gaz d'echappement pour moteur a combustion interne et moteur a combustion interne comprenant un tel circuit |
DE112011101274T5 (de) | 2010-04-08 | 2013-03-14 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Motors mit einem Kraftstoffreformer |
WO2019157549A1 (de) * | 2018-02-16 | 2019-08-22 | Avl List Gmbh | Wärmetauscher für ein brennstoffzellensystem und verfahren zum betreiben eines brennstoffzellensystems |
AT522812A1 (de) * | 2019-08-02 | 2021-02-15 | Avl List Gmbh | AGR-Anordnung, Brennkraftsystem und Kraftfahrzeug |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT521165B1 (de) * | 2018-02-15 | 2019-11-15 | Avl List Gmbh | Motoranordnung und verfahren zum betreiben |
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2021
- 2021-06-11 AT ATA50472/2021A patent/AT524859B1/de active
-
2022
- 2022-06-10 DE DE112022003032.1T patent/DE112022003032A5/de active Pending
- 2022-06-10 WO PCT/AT2022/060194 patent/WO2022256857A1/de active Application Filing
- 2022-06-10 CN CN202280010382.9A patent/CN116724167A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1688608A1 (de) * | 2005-01-11 | 2006-08-09 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA | Abgasrückführungsvorrichtung |
FR2928700A1 (fr) * | 2008-03-12 | 2009-09-18 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Circuit de recirculation des gaz d'echappement pour moteur a combustion interne et moteur a combustion interne comprenant un tel circuit |
DE112011101274T5 (de) | 2010-04-08 | 2013-03-14 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Motors mit einem Kraftstoffreformer |
WO2019157549A1 (de) * | 2018-02-16 | 2019-08-22 | Avl List Gmbh | Wärmetauscher für ein brennstoffzellensystem und verfahren zum betreiben eines brennstoffzellensystems |
AT522812A1 (de) * | 2019-08-02 | 2021-02-15 | Avl List Gmbh | AGR-Anordnung, Brennkraftsystem und Kraftfahrzeug |
Also Published As
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DE112022003032A5 (de) | 2024-04-04 |
AT524859A4 (de) | 2022-10-15 |
AT524859B1 (de) | 2022-10-15 |
CN116724167A (zh) | 2023-09-08 |
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