WO2022253208A1

WO2022253208A1 - High curvature branch well position control apparatus

Info

Publication number: WO2022253208A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/096137
Authority: WO
Inventors: 徐梓辰
Original assignee: 徐梓辰
Priority date: 2021-06-02
Filing date: 2022-05-31
Publication date: 2022-12-08

Abstract

A high curvature branch well position control apparatus, comprising: two strings of downhole operating tools arranged in two wells to be connected or kept at a distance from each other, respectively, at least one string of downhole operating tools comprising a directional drilling sub string (Y) being disposed in a high curvature branch well, and used for well connecting operations through a high curvature well section having a radius of curvature within a predetermined range; the two strings of downhole operating tools having a first signal transceiver unit (4) and a second signal transceiver unit (12), respectively, the second signal transceiver unit (12) being capable of calculating a relative positional relationship between the first signal transceiver unit (4) and the second signal transceiver unit (12) by means of receiving a signal transmitted by the first signal transceiver unit (4), or the first signal transceiver unit (4) being capable of calculating the relative positional relationship between the first signal transceiver unit (4) and the second signal transceiver unit (12) by means of receiving a signal transmitted by the second signal transceiver unit (12).

Description

一种高曲率分支井位置控制装置A high-curvature branch well position control device

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及油气勘探技术领域，具体是一种高曲率分支井位置控制装置。The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas exploration, in particular to a position control device for high-curvature branch wells.

背景技术Background technique

地下资源的探测需要大量采用连通井仪器。现有技术可以针对垂直井、斜井、分支井进行连通井或者平行钻井以及完成双水平井钻探。然而现有的技术无法通过曲率半径小于30米的高曲率井段或分支井段进行联通井或者双平行井钻探，尤其是无法通过曲率半径小于10米的极短半径井段或极短半径分支井段。这限制了高曲率井眼的双平行井或随钻连通井作业，增加了作业难度，阻碍了薄层资源或井旁资源的评价。The detection of subsurface resources requires extensive use of connected well instruments. Existing technology can perform interconnected or parallel drilling for vertical wells, deviated wells, and lateral wells, as well as complete dual-horizontal well drilling. However, the existing technology cannot drill connected wells or dual parallel wells through high-curvature well sections or branch well sections with a curvature radius of less than 30 meters, especially through extremely short-radius well sections or extremely short-radius branches with a curvature radius of less than 10 meters Well section. This limits the operation of dual parallel wells or connected wells while drilling in high-curvature boreholes, increases the difficulty of operations, and hinders the evaluation of thin-layer resources or side-hole resources.

因此，有必要提供一种高曲率分支井位置控制装置，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。Therefore, it is necessary to provide a high-curvature lateral well position control device to solve the problems raised in the background art above.

此外，地下资源的开发需要大量采用井下仪器实现一口井与另外一口井的连通井，或，采用一口井平行于另外一口井钻探。现有技术可以针对垂直井、斜井、分支井进行连通井或者双平行井钻探。然而现有的连通井仪器或双平行井仪器无法通过曲率半径小于30米的高曲率井段或分支井段，尤其是无法通过曲率半径小于10米的极短半径井段或极短半径分支井段，这限制了高曲率井眼的连通井或双平行井的作业，增加了迆，阻碍了井旁资源的开发和评价。In addition, the development of underground resources requires extensive use of downhole tools to connect one well to another well, or to use one well to drill parallel to another well. Existing technology can drill connected wells or double parallel wells for vertical wells, deviated wells, and lateral wells. However, existing connected well tools or dual parallel well tools cannot pass through high-curvature well sections or branch well sections with a curvature radius of less than 30 meters, especially extremely short-radius well sections or extremely short-radius branch well sections with a curvature radius of less than 10 meters. This limits the operation of connected wells or double parallel wells with high curvature boreholes, increases the deviation, and hinders the development and evaluation of resources next to wells.

发明内容Contents of the invention

为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种高曲率分支井位置控制装置，包括：能够穿过曲率半径在预设范围内的分支井眼的定向钻井短节串列、位于另外一口目标井眼中的第二信号收发单元、解算模块以及控制器；In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a high-curvature branch well position control device, including: a series of directional drilling sub-joints that can pass through the branch wellbore whose curvature radius is within a preset range, located at another target The second signal transceiving unit, solving module and controller in the borehole;

所述定向钻井短节串列包括以铰接的方式相连接的多个承载短节，且位于下部的承载短节还与导向短节相连；The series of directional drilling subs includes a plurality of bearing subs connected in an articulated manner, and the lower bearing subs are also connected with the steering subs;

所述第二信号收发单元能够向所述定向钻井短节串列及其所在地层发射信号，或者，接收所述定向钻井短节串列反馈或发射的信号；The second signal transceiving unit can transmit signals to the directional drilling sub string and the formation where it is located, or receive the signal fed back or transmitted by the directional drilling sub string;

所述解算模块用于解算定向钻井短节串列与目标井眼的相对位置关系并通过控制器控制所述定向钻井短节串列调整或保持与目标井眼的预设相对位置关系。需要说明的是，本发明中，所述目标井眼B可以是直井、斜井或水平井。The calculation module is used to calculate the relative positional relationship between the directional drilling sub series and the target wellbore, and control the directional drilling sub series to adjust or maintain the preset relative positional relationship with the target wellbore through the controller. It should be noted that, in the present invention, the target wellbore B may be a vertical well, a deviated well or a horizontal well.

进一步，作为优选，还包括：第一钻柱，设置于所述定向钻井短节串列的上方，用于传送所述定向钻井短节串列进入所述分支井眼；Further, preferably, it also includes: a first drill string, arranged above the series of directional drilling subs, for transmitting the series of directional drilling subs into the branch wellbore;

所述定向钻井短节串列的长度大于所述分支井眼的分支井段的长度；所述承载短节以铰接的方式串接于所述定向钻井短节串列中，所述承载短节的轴线长度均小于或等于所述导向短节外直径的5倍；The length of the series of directional drilling subs is greater than the length of the branch section of the branch wellbore; the bearing subs are connected in series in the series of directional drilling subs in a hinged manner, and The axial lengths of each are less than or equal to 5 times the outer diameter of the guide nipple;

还包括第二井下工具串，所述第二信号收发单元设置于所述第二井下工具串中；It also includes a second downhole tool string, and the second signal transceiving unit is arranged in the second downhole tool string;

所述解算模块为第二位置解算模块，所述解算模块与所述第二信号收发单元通讯连接，用于采用第二信号收发单元测量的数据解算所述定向钻井短节串列与所述第二井下工具串之间的位置关系，所述第二位置解算模块可以设置于第二井下工具串中，也可以设置于井口端；The calculation module is a second position calculation module, and the calculation module is connected to the second signal transceiver unit in communication, and is used to calculate the directional drilling sub series by using the data measured by the second signal transceiver unit For the positional relationship with the second downhole tool string, the second position calculation module can be set in the second downhole tool string, or can be set at the wellhead end;

所述控制器为井口控制端，所述井口控制端分别与所述定向钻井短节串列和所述第二位置解算模块通讯连接，用于采用解算模块解算得到的所述定向钻井短节串列与所述第二井下工具串之间的位置关系控制所述定向钻井短节串列调整或保持与目标井眼的预设相对位置关系，所述井口控制端可以是能执行控制和通讯功能的FPGA和/或数字芯片和/或工程师。The controller is a wellhead control terminal, and the wellhead control terminal is respectively connected to the directional drilling sub series and the second position calculation module for communicating with the directional drilling module. The positional relationship between the spool string and the second downhole tool string controls the adjustment or maintenance of the preset relative positional relationship between the directional drilling spool string and the target wellbore, and the wellhead control terminal may be able to perform control FPGAs and/or digital chips and/or engineers for communication functions.

进一步，作为优选，所述第二井下工具串至少包括两个第二信号收发单元，所述第二信号收发单元为电磁探测探头，用于向地层发射和/或接收电磁波信号；其中，至少一个第二信号收发单元具有信号发射模块，用于向电磁探测探头施加瞬变电磁激励信号；至少一个第二信号收发单元包括信号拾取模块，用于拾取电磁探测探头中感应的来自于所述定向钻井短节串列的二次涡流场信号。Further, preferably, the second downhole tool string includes at least two second signal transceiving units, and the second signal transceiving unit is an electromagnetic detection probe for transmitting and/or receiving electromagnetic wave signals to the formation; wherein at least one The second signal transceiving unit has a signal transmitting module, which is used to apply a transient electromagnetic excitation signal to the electromagnetic detection probe; at least one second signal transceiving unit includes a signal pickup module, which is used to pick up the electromagnetic signal induced in the electromagnetic detection probe from the directional drilling Secondary eddy current field signal of sub-section series.

进一步，作为优选，所述第二井下工具串至少包括一组相控阵声信号收发单元，所述声信号收发单元包括换能器，用于可控方向的发射和/或接收声信号；还包括声学信号发射模块，用于驱动换能器发射声信号；还包括声学信号拾取模块，用于拾取换能器接收的来自于所述定向钻井短节串列的反射信号。Further, preferably, the second downhole tool string includes at least one set of phased array acoustic signal transceiving units, and the acoustic signal transceiving units include transducers for transmitting and/or receiving acoustic signals in controllable directions; It includes an acoustic signal transmitting module, which is used to drive the transducer to emit acoustic signals; it also includes an acoustic signal pickup module, which is used to pick up the reflected signal received by the transducer from the directional drilling short joint series.

进一步，作为优选，所述定向钻井短节串列还包括第一信号收发单元，所述第一信号收发单元设置于任意承载短节中；Further, preferably, the series of directional drilling subs further includes a first signal transceiving unit, and the first signal transceiving unit is arranged in any bearing sub;

所述第二信号收发单元能够通过接收所述第一信号收发单元发射的信号计算出所述第一信号收发单元与第二信号收发单元之间的相对位置关系，或，所述第一信号收发单元能够通过接收所述第二信号收发单元发射的信号计算出所述第一信号收发单元与第二信号收发单元之间的相对位置关系。The second signal transceiving unit can calculate the relative positional relationship between the first signal transceiving unit and the second signal transceiving unit by receiving the signal transmitted by the first signal transceiving unit, or, the first signal transceiving unit The unit can calculate the relative positional relationship between the first signal transceiving unit and the second signal transceiving unit by receiving the signal transmitted by the second signal transceiving unit.

进一步，作为优选，所述第一信号收发单元包括磁传感器和第一位置解算单元，所述磁传感器与所述第一位置解算单元电连接；所述第二信号收发单元包括磁场发射装置。所述解算模块而第一位置解算单元，所述第一位置解算单元与所述第第一号收发单元通讯连接，用于采用第一信号收发单元测量的数据解算所述定向钻井短节串列与所述第二井下工具串之间的位置关系；Further, preferably, the first signal transceiving unit includes a magnetic sensor and a first position calculating unit, the magnetic sensor is electrically connected to the first position calculating unit; the second signal transceiving unit includes a magnetic field emitting device . The calculation module is a first position calculation unit, and the first position calculation unit is connected to the first transceiver unit in communication, and is used to solve the directional drilling by using the data measured by the first signal transceiver unit. a positional relationship between the sub string and the second downhole tool string;

所述控制器为闭环控制模块，所述闭环控制模块设置于所述定向钻井短节串列中的任意承载短节中，所述闭环控制模块分别与所述导向短节和第一位置解算单元通讯连接，用于采用第一位置解算单元解算得到的所述定向钻井短节串列与目标井之间的位置关系控制所述定向钻井短节串列调整或保持与目标井眼的预设相对位置关系。The controller is a closed-loop control module, and the closed-loop control module is set in any bearing sub in the series of directional drilling subs, and the closed-loop control module is respectively connected with the steering sub and the first position calculation The unit communication connection is used to control the adjustment or maintenance of the directional drilling sub series with the target wellbore by using the positional relationship between the directional drilling sub series and the target well calculated by the first position solving unit Preset relative positional relationship.

进一步，作为优选，所述磁场发射装置为磁体；Further, preferably, the magnetic field emitting device is a magnet;

还包括第二钻柱，所述第二钻柱能够驱动所述磁体旋转，从而产生交变的待测磁场；或，所述第二钻柱和所述磁体之间连接有马达，所述马达能够驱动所述磁体旋转，从而于产生交变的待测磁场；或，所述第二钻柱通过第二短节串列驱动所述磁场发射装置旋转，从而于产生交变的待测磁场。It also includes a second drill string, the second drill string can drive the magnet to rotate, thereby generating an alternating magnetic field to be measured; or, a motor is connected between the second drill string and the magnet, and the motor The magnet can be driven to rotate so as to generate an alternating magnetic field to be tested; or, the second drill string drives the magnetic field transmitting device to rotate in series through the second short section so as to generate an alternating magnetic field to be tested.

进一步，作为优选，所述第一信号收发单元包括磁场发射装置；所述第二信号收发单元包括磁传感器，还包括第二位置解算模块，所述第二信号收发单元与所述第二位置解算模块电连接。Further, preferably, the first signal transceiving unit includes a magnetic field emitting device; the second signal transceiving unit includes a magnetic sensor, and also includes a second position calculation module, and the second signal transceiving unit is connected to the second position The solver module is electrically connected.

所述控制器为井口控制端，所述井口控制端分别与所述定向钻井短节串列和第二位置解算模块通讯连接，用于采用第二位置解算模块解算得到的所述定向钻井短节串列与所述第二井下工具串之间的位置关系控制所述定向钻井短节串列调整或保持与目标井眼的预设相对位置关系。The controller is a wellhead control terminal, and the wellhead control terminal is respectively connected to the directional drilling sub series and the second position calculation module for communicating with the second position calculation module. The positional relationship between the tandem of drilling subs and the second downhole tool string controls the tandem of directional drilling subs to adjust or maintain a preset relative positional relationship with the target wellbore.

进一步，作为优选，所述第一信号收发单元包括接收换能器和第一位置解算单元，所述接收换能器与所述位置解算单元电连接；所述第二信号收发单元包括发射换能器；Further, preferably, the first signal transceiving unit includes a receiving transducer and a first position calculation unit, and the receiving transducer is electrically connected to the position calculating unit; the second signal transceiving unit includes a transmitting transducer;

或，所述第二信号收发单元包括接收换能器和第二位置解算模块，所述接收换能器与所述第二位置解算模块电连接；所述第一信号收发单元包括发射换能器。Or, the second signal transceiving unit includes a receiving transducer and a second position calculating module, the receiving transducer is electrically connected to the second position calculating module; the first signal transceiving unit includes a transmitting transducer energy device.

进一步，作为优选，所述第一信号收发单元和第二信号收发单元均包括换能器，从而采用声波的形式向地层发射和/或接收信号；Further, preferably, both the first signal transceiving unit and the second signal transceiving unit include transducers, so as to transmit and/or receive signals to the formation in the form of sound waves;

且至少一个承载短节用于容置控制单元、第一位置解算单元，该承载短节以铰接的方式串接于所述定向钻井短节串列中任意位置，或，设置于所述定向钻井短节串列的上方，或，设置于所述定向钻井短节串列的下方；And at least one load-bearing sub is used to accommodate the control unit and the first position calculation unit, and the load-bearing sub is connected in series in any position in the series of directional drilling subs in an articulated manner, or is arranged on the directional drilling sub-column. above the series of drilling subs, or arranged below the series of directional drilling subs;

所述控制单元、第一位置解算单元通过跨接测量线路与所述第一信号收发单元电连接，当所述控制单元、第一位置解算单元为控制器时则用于控制所述第一信号收发单元向地层发射信号，当所述控制单元、第一位置解算单元为解算模块时则用于采集所述第一信号收发单元接收到的地层信号。进一步，作为优选，所述第一信号收发单元和第二信号收发单元均包括线圈，和/或，所述第一信号收发单元和第二信号收发单元均包括换能器；The control unit and the first position calculation unit are electrically connected to the first signal transceiving unit by bridging the measurement line, and when the control unit and the first position calculation unit are controllers, they are used to control the second A signal transceiving unit transmits signals to the formation, and when the control unit and the first position calculation unit are calculation modules, they are used to collect formation signals received by the first signal transceiving unit. Further, preferably, both the first signal transceiving unit and the second signal transceiving unit include coils, and/or, the first signal transceiving unit and the second signal transceiving unit both include transducers;

所述定向钻井短节串列至少包括两个所述第一信号收发单元，以便采用电磁波或声波的形式向地层发射和/或接收信号；The directional drilling sub series includes at least two first signal transceiving units, so as to transmit and/or receive signals to the formation in the form of electromagnetic waves or sound waves;

且每个所述第一信号收发单元分别设置在不同的承载短节上。And each of the first signal transceiving units is respectively arranged on different bearer sub-sections.

进一步，作为优选，所述第一信号收发单元和第二信号收发单元均包括线圈，和/或，所述第一信号收发单元和第二信号收发单元均换能器；Further, preferably, both the first signal transceiving unit and the second signal transceiving unit include coils, and/or, both the first signal transceiving unit and the second signal transceiving unit are transducers;

还包括第二钻柱；所述第二钻柱至少包括两个所述第二信号收发单元，以便采用电磁波和/或声波的形式向地层发射和/或接收信号；It also includes a second drill string; the second drill string includes at least two second signal transceiving units, so as to transmit and/or receive signals to the formation in the form of electromagnetic waves and/or sound waves;

每个所述第二信号收发单元分别设置在第二钻柱的不同承载短节上。Each of the second signal transceiving units is respectively arranged on a different bearing sub of the second drill string.

进一步，作为优选，还包括：弹性件，贯穿于所述定向钻井短节串列中，用于使多个承载有第一信号收发单元的承载短节与邻近的承载短节处于同轴状态。Further, preferably, it also includes: an elastic member, which runs through the series of directional drilling subs, and is used to make a plurality of bearing subs carrying the first signal transceiving unit coaxial with adjacent bearing subs.

进一步，作为优选，还包括：姿态测量单元，所述姿态测量单元与所述第一信号收发单元设置在同一个承载短节上。Further, preferably, it also includes: an attitude measurement unit, the attitude measurement unit and the first signal transceiving unit are arranged on the same load-bearing sub-joint.

进一步，作为优选，所述姿态测量单元包括：至少一个加速度计和一个磁力计，所述加速度计和所述磁力计设置在载有第一信号收发单元的承载短节的轴线上，用于测量载有第一信号收发单元的承载短节的倾斜角和方位角。Further, preferably, the attitude measurement unit includes: at least one accelerometer and one magnetometer, the accelerometer and the magnetometer are arranged on the axis of the load-bearing sub-joint carrying the first signal transceiving unit for measuring The inclination angle and the azimuth angle of the bearing sub-section carrying the first signal transceiving unit.

进一步，作为优选，还包括：自下而上顺次电连接的下通讯电路、跨接线路、上通讯电路和信息遥传装置。Further, preferably, it also includes: a lower communication circuit, a jumper circuit, an upper communication circuit and an information remote transmission device that are electrically connected sequentially from bottom to top.

所述信息遥传装置用于将探测信号经钻柱(X)发送至井口处的接收端。所述信息遥传装置优选为泥浆脉冲器。The information remote transmission device is used to send the detection signal to the receiving end at the wellhead through the drill string (X). The information remote transmission device is preferably a mud pulser.

所述下通讯电路与所述第一位置解算单元和/或导向短节通讯连接；The lower communication circuit is in communication connection with the first position solving unit and/or the guiding nipple;

所述下通讯电路将来自所述第一位置解算单元的信号通过所述跨接线路传递给所述上通讯电路，或者，所述上通讯电路将来信号通过所述跨接线路传递给所述下通讯电路并通过所述下通讯电路传递至导向短节。The lower communication circuit transmits the signal from the first position solving unit to the upper communication circuit through the jumper line, or, the upper communication circuit transmits the signal to the upper communication circuit through the jumper line The lower communication circuit and transmits to the pilot sub through the lower communication circuit.

进一步，作为优选，在所述定向钻井短节串列中，相邻两个所述承载短节通过铰接结构的结构死点控制相邻两个短节的轴线之间的最大可偏转角度，当相邻两个短节间达到结构死点位置时，所述最大可偏转角度为2°-10°。Further, as a preference, in the series of directional drilling subs, two adjacent bearing subs control the maximum deflectable angle between the axes of two adjacent subs through the structural dead point of the hinge structure, when When the structural dead point is reached between two adjacent short joints, the maximum deflectable angle is 2°-10°.

进一步，作为优选，所述换能器的工作范围在20-200k赫兹，或者由两个或多个换能器实现在多个频段内工作，其中，低频段内工作的换能器用于实现远距离条件下的定位，高频率换能器用于实现近距离条件下的定位。Further, preferably, the working range of the transducer is 20-200k Hz, or two or more transducers are used to work in multiple frequency bands, wherein the transducer working in the low frequency band is used to realize the far Positioning under distance conditions, high-frequency transducers are used to achieve positioning under short-range conditions.

进一步，作为优选，第二信号收发单元为电极，能向地层释放电流，所述电极通过电缆与地面电源相连；所述第一信号收发单元为电流计或磁力计，用于测量所述电极发射的电流或由所述电流产生的磁场并进一步的用于判断所述第一信号收发单元与第二信号收发单元之间的位置关系。Further, preferably, the second signal transceiving unit is an electrode, which can release current to the formation, and the electrode is connected to the ground power supply through a cable; the first signal transceiving unit is an ammeter or a magnetometer, which is used to measure the emission of the electrode. The current or the magnetic field generated by the current is further used to judge the positional relationship between the first signal transceiving unit and the second signal transceiving unit.

与现有技术相比，本发明提供了一种高曲率分支井位置控制装置，具有以下有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a high-curvature lateral well position control device, which has the following beneficial effects:

本发明中，包括两串钻具组合，分别设置于待连通或相互保持距离的两口井中，其中至少一套包括定向钻井短节串列，定向钻井短节串列设置于高曲率分支井中，用于穿过曲率半径在预设范围内的高曲率井段进行连通井作业，且两串钻具分别具有第一信号收发单元和第二信号收发单元，其中，第二信号收发单元能够通过接收所述第一信号收发单元发射的信号计算出所述第一信号收发单元与第二信号收发单元之间的相对位置关系，或，所述第一信号收发单元能够通过接收所述第二信号收发单元发射的信号计算出所述第一信号收发单元与第二信号收发单元之间的相对位置关系，本发明可以实现对高曲率分支井与其他井的定位，另外，定向钻井短节串列由多个承载短节以铰接的方式相互连接，其柔性高，可穿过曲率半径在预设范围内的高曲率井段进行信号的发射或探测。In the present invention, two strings of drilling tool assemblies are included, which are respectively arranged in two wells to be connected or kept at a distance from each other, at least one of which includes a series of directional drilling sub-joints, which are arranged in series in high-curvature branch wells. The connected well operation is carried out through the high-curvature well section whose curvature radius is within the preset range, and the two strings of drilling tools respectively have a first signal transceiving unit and a second signal transceiving unit, wherein the second signal transceiving unit can receive the The signal transmitted by the first signal transceiving unit calculates the relative positional relationship between the first signal transceiving unit and the second signal transceiving unit, or, the first signal transceiving unit can receive the second signal transceiving unit The transmitted signal calculates the relative positional relationship between the first signal transceiving unit and the second signal transceiving unit, and the present invention can realize the positioning of high-curvature branch wells and other wells. The two load-bearing sub-sections are connected to each other in a hinged manner, with high flexibility, and can transmit or detect signals through a high-curvature well section with a radius of curvature within a preset range.

附图说明Description of drawings

为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

在附图中：In the attached picture:

图1为本发明实施例中第一种高曲率分支井位置控制装置的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the first high-curvature lateral well position control device in an embodiment of the present invention;

图2为本发明实施例中第二种高曲率分支井位置控制装置的结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the second high-curvature branch well position control device in the embodiment of the present invention;

图3为本发明实施例中第三种高曲率分支井位置控制装置的结构示意图；Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a third high-curvature lateral well position control device in an embodiment of the present invention;

图4为本发明实施例中第二种高曲率分支井位置控制装置的局部示意图；Fig. 4 is a partial schematic diagram of the second high-curvature branch well position control device in the embodiment of the present invention;

图5为本发明实施例中第四种高曲率分支井位置控制装置的结构示意图；Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth high-curvature lateral well position control device in an embodiment of the present invention;

图6为本发明实施例中第五种高曲率分支井位置控制装置的结构示意图；Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth high-curvature lateral well position control device in an embodiment of the present invention;

图7为本发明实施例中第六种高曲率分支井位置控制装置的结构示意图；；Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the sixth high-curvature branch well position control device in the embodiment of the present invention;

图8为本发明实施例中高曲率分支井位置控制装置的第一局部示意图；Fig. 8 is the first partial schematic diagram of the high-curvature lateral well position control device in the embodiment of the present invention;

图9为本发明实施例中高曲率分支井位置控制装置的第二局部示意图；Fig. 9 is a second partial schematic diagram of the high-curvature branch well position control device in the embodiment of the present invention;

图10为本发明实施例中高曲率分支井位置控制装置的第三局部示意图。Fig. 10 is a third partial schematic diagram of a position control device for a high-curvature lateral well in an embodiment of the present invention.

图中：In the picture:

1-导向短节，2-承载短节，3-钻头，4-第一信号收发单元，5-第一位置解算单元，6-下通讯电路，7-跨接线路，8-上通讯电路，9-信息遥传装置，10-跨接测量线路，101-调谐电路，11-闭环控制模块，12-第二信号收发单元，14-磁场发射装置，15-扭矩传递销，16-扭矩传递槽，17-弹性件，18-球头，181-球窝，19-第二位置解算单元，20-信标，51-控制单元和/或信号采集单元，121-信号发射模块，122-信号拾取模块，X-第一钻柱，Y-定向钻井短节串列，Z-第二钻柱，A-分支井眼，B-目标井眼。1-guiding sub, 2-carrying sub, 3-drill, 4-first signal transceiver unit, 5-first position calculation unit, 6-lower communication circuit, 7-jumper line, 8-upper communication circuit , 9-Information remote transmission device, 10-Joint measurement line, 101-Tuning circuit, 11-Closed-loop control module, 12-Second signal transceiver unit, 14-Magnetic field transmitter, 15-Torque transmission pin, 16-Torque transmission Slot, 17-Elastic part, 18-Ball head, 181-Ball socket, 19-Second position solving unit, 20-Beacon, 51-Control unit and/or signal acquisition unit, 121-Signal transmitting module, 122- Signal pickup module, X-first drill string, Y-directional drilling sub string, Z-second drill string, A-branch wellbore, B-target wellbore.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白，下面结合附图对本发明实施例做进一步详细说明。在此，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，但并不作为对本发明的限定In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Here, the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention

请参阅图1～2，本发明实施例中，一种高曲率分支井位置控制装置，包括：能够穿过曲率半径在预设范围内的分支井眼A的定向钻井短节串列Y、位于另外一口目标井眼B中的第二信号收发单元、解算模块以及控制器；Please refer to Figures 1-2. In an embodiment of the present invention, a position control device for a high-curvature branch well includes: a directional drilling nipple series Y capable of passing through a branch hole A whose curvature radius is within a preset range, and located at The second signal transceiving unit, solving module and controller in another target wellbore B;

所述定向钻井短节串列包括以铰接的方式相连接的多个承载短节，且位于下部的承载短节还与导向短节相连；The series of directional drilling subs includes a plurality of load-bearing subs connected in an articulated manner, and the lower load-bearing subs are also connected to the steering subs;

所述第二信号收发单元12能够向所述定向钻井短节串列Y及其所在地层发射信号，或者，接收所述定向钻井短节串列Y反馈或发射的信号；The second signal transceiving unit 12 can transmit signals to the directional drilling sub series Y and the formation where it is located, or receive signals fed back or transmitted by the directional drilling sub series Y;

所述解算模块用于解算定向钻井短节串列Y与目标井眼B的相对位置关系并通过控制器控制所述定向钻井短节串列调整或保持与目标井眼B的预设相对位置关系。The calculation module is used to calculate the relative positional relationship between the directional drilling sub series Y and the target wellbore B, and control the directional drilling sub series to adjust or maintain the preset relative position to the target wellbore B through the controller. Positional relationship.

如图1所示，本实施例中，还包括：As shown in Figure 1, in this embodiment, also includes:

第一钻柱X，设置于所述定向钻井短节串列Y的上方，用于传送所述定向钻井短节串列Y进入所述分支井眼A；The first drill string X is arranged above the directional drilling sub string Y, and is used to transmit the directional drilling sub string Y into the lateral wellbore A;

所述定向钻井短节串列的长度大于所述分支井眼的分支井段的长度；The length of the directional drilling sub string is greater than the length of the branch well section of the branch wellbore;

所述承载短节2以铰接的方式串接于所述定向钻井短节串列Y中，所述承载短节2的轴线长度均小于或等于所述导向短节1外直径的5倍；The bearing sub-joint 2 is connected in series in the series Y of the directional drilling sub-joint in a hinged manner, and the axial length of the bearing sub-joint 2 is less than or equal to 5 times of the outer diameter of the steering sub-joint 1;

还包括第二井下工具串，所述第二信号收发单元设置于所述第二井下工具串中。所述解算模块为第二位置解算模块，所述解算模块与所述第二信号收发单元通讯连接，用于采用第二信号收发单元测量的数据解算所述定向钻井短节串列与所述第二井下工具串之间的位置关系，所述第二位置解算模块可以设置于第二井下工具串中，也可以设置于井口端；It also includes a second downhole tool string, and the second signal transceiving unit is arranged in the second downhole tool string. The calculation module is a second position calculation module, and the calculation module is connected to the second signal transceiver unit in communication, and is used to calculate the directional drilling sub series by using the data measured by the second signal transceiver unit For the positional relationship with the second downhole tool string, the second position calculation module can be set in the second downhole tool string, or can be set at the wellhead end;

所述控制器为井口控制端，所述井口控制端分别与所述定向钻井短节串列和所述第二位置解算模块通讯连接，用于采用解算模块解算得到的所述定向钻井短节串列与所述第二井下工具串之间的位置关系控制所述定向钻井短节串列调整或保持与目标井眼的预设相对位置关系，所述井口控制端可以是能执行控制和通讯功能的FPGA和/或数字芯片和/或工程师；The controller is a wellhead control terminal, and the wellhead control terminal is respectively connected to the directional drilling sub series and the second position calculation module for communicating with the directional drilling module. The positional relationship between the spool string and the second downhole tool string controls the adjustment or maintenance of the preset relative positional relationship between the directional drilling spool string and the target wellbore, and the wellhead control terminal may be able to perform control FPGA and/or digital chips and/or engineers for communication functions;

所述第二位置解算模块与所述第二信号收发单元采用电缆通讯连接，所述第二位置解算模块与所述井口控制端采用有线或无线通讯连接，所述井口控制端采用指令下传装置调节供应给所述定向钻井短节串列的钻井液的压力或排量实现控制指令的下传，以实现控制所述定向钻井短节串列调整或保持与目标井眼的预设相对位置关系。The second position calculation module is connected to the second signal transceiver unit by cable communication, the second position calculation module is connected to the wellhead control terminal by wired or wireless communication, and the wellhead control terminal is connected by command The transmission device adjusts the pressure or displacement of the drilling fluid supplied to the directional drilling sub series to realize the down transmission of control commands, so as to control the adjustment of the directional drilling sub series or keep it relative to the preset position of the target wellbore Positional relationship.

本实施例中，所述第二井下工具串至少包括两个第二信号收发单元，所述第二信号收发单元为电磁探测探头，用于向地层发射和/或接收电磁波信号；其中，至少一个第二信号收发单元具有信号发射模块，用于向电磁探测探头施加瞬变电磁激励信号；至少一个第二信号收发单元包括信号拾取模块，用于拾取电磁探测探头中感应的来自于所述定向钻井短节串列Y的二次涡流场信号，需要解释的是，信号拾取模块可将所述二次涡流场信号经过电缆发送至解算模块，所述解算模块用于分析所述第二井下工具串与所述定向钻井短节串列Y之间的相对位置关系。In this embodiment, the second downhole tool string includes at least two second signal transceiving units, and the second signal transceiving unit is an electromagnetic detection probe for transmitting and/or receiving electromagnetic wave signals to the formation; wherein at least one The second signal transceiving unit has a signal transmitting module, which is used to apply a transient electromagnetic excitation signal to the electromagnetic detection probe; at least one second signal transceiving unit includes a signal pickup module, which is used to pick up the electromagnetic signal induced in the electromagnetic detection probe from the directional drilling The secondary eddy current field signal of the sub-section series Y, it should be explained that the signal pickup module can send the secondary eddy current field signal to the solving module through the cable, and the solving module is used to analyze the second downhole The relative positional relationship between the tool string and the directional drilling sub series Y.

本实施例中，所述第二井下工具串至少包括一组相控阵声信号收发单元，所述声信号收发单元包括换能器，用于可控方向的发射和/或接收声信号；还包括激励电路，用于驱动换能器发射声信号；还包括信号拾取电路，用于拾取换能器接收的来自于所述定向钻井短节串列Y的反射信号，需要解释的是，信号拾取模块可将从所述相控阵声信号收发单元接收到的信号经过电缆发送至解算模块，所述解算模块用于分析所述第二井下工具串与所述定向钻井短节串列Y之间的相对位置关系。In this embodiment, the second downhole tool string includes at least one group of phased array acoustic signal transceiving units, and the acoustic signal transceiving unit includes a transducer for transmitting and/or receiving acoustic signals in a controllable direction; It includes an excitation circuit for driving the transducer to emit an acoustic signal; it also includes a signal pickup circuit for picking up the reflected signal received by the transducer from the directional drilling pup series Y. It should be explained that the signal pickup The module can send the signal received from the phased array acoustic signal transceiver unit to the calculation module through the cable, and the calculation module is used to analyze the second downhole tool string and the directional drilling sub string Y relative positional relationship between them.

如图2所示，本实施例中，所述定向钻井短节串列Y还包括第一信号收发单元4，所述第一信号收发单元4设置于任意承载短节2中；As shown in Fig. 2, in this embodiment, the directional drilling sub series Y also includes a first signal transceiving unit 4, and the first signal transceiving unit 4 is arranged in any bearing sub joint 2;

需要说明的是，所述定向钻井短节串列由多个承载短节以铰接的方式相互连接，其柔性高，可穿过曲率半径在预设范围内的高曲率井段进行信号的发射或探测；还包括收发单元、控制单元、位置解算单元、定向工具、钻头。所述收发单元能发射和/或探测磁场、电场、电磁波、声波，位置解算单元用于利用收发单元探测到的信号解算两口待定位井之间的空间位置关系。本发明可以实现对高曲率分支井与其他井的进行定位。此外，所述第二信号发射单元可以由电缆下入目标井眼B中或者由钻柱送入目标井眼B中。It should be noted that the series of directional drilling subs is connected to each other in an articulated manner by a plurality of bearing subs, which have high flexibility and can transmit signals or transmit signals through high-curvature well sections with a curvature radius within a preset range. Detection; also includes transceiver unit, control unit, position calculation unit, orientation tool, drill bit. The transceiver unit can emit and/or detect magnetic fields, electric fields, electromagnetic waves, and sound waves, and the position calculation unit is used to calculate the spatial position relationship between two wells to be positioned using the signals detected by the transceiver unit. The invention can realize the positioning of high-curvature branch wells and other wells. In addition, the second signal transmitting unit may be run into the target wellbore B by a wireline or sent into the target wellbore B by a drill string.

所述解算模块包括第一位置解算单元5，所述第一位置解算单元5与所述第一信号收发单元通讯连接，用于采用第一信号收发单元测量的数据解算所述定向钻井短节串列与所述第二井下工具串之间的位置关系；The calculation module includes a first position calculation unit 5, and the first position calculation unit 5 is connected to the first signal transceiver unit in communication, and is used to calculate the orientation using the data measured by the first signal transceiver unit. a positional relationship between the drilling sub string and the second downhole tool string;

本实施例中，所述第一信号收发单元4包括磁传感器和第一位置解算单元5，所述磁传感器与所述第一位置解算单元5电连接；所述第二信号收发单元12包括磁场发射装置14；In this embodiment, the first signal transceiving unit 4 includes a magnetic sensor and a first position calculating unit 5, the magnetic sensor is electrically connected to the first position calculating unit 5; the second signal transceiving unit 12 Including a magnetic field emitting device 14;

所述控制器为闭环控制模块11，所述闭环控制模块设置于所述定向钻井短节串列中的任意承载短节中，所述闭环控制模块11分别与所述导向短节1和第一位置解算单元5通讯连接，用于采用第一位置解算单元5解算得到的所述定向钻井短节串列与目标井之间的位置关系控制所述定向钻井短节串列调整或保持与目标井眼B的预设相对位置关系；The controller is a closed-loop control module 11, and the closed-loop control module is set in any bearing sub in the series of directional drilling subs. The closed-loop control module 11 is connected with the steering sub 1 and the first The position calculation unit 5 is connected in communication, and is used to control the adjustment or maintenance of the directional drilling sub series by using the positional relationship between the directional drilling sub series and the target well calculated by the first position calculation unit 5 The preset relative position relationship with the target wellbore B;

所述磁场发射装置14为磁体；所述第二井下工具串包括第二钻柱Z，所述第二钻柱能够驱动所述磁体旋转，从而产生交变的待测磁场。The magnetic field emitting device 14 is a magnet; the second downhole tool string includes a second drill string Z, and the second drill string can drive the magnet to rotate, thereby generating an alternating magnetic field to be measured.

本实施例中：该连通井装置包括：至少一套定向钻井短节串列、位置解算单元、定向钻井钻具，所述定向钻井短节串列用于穿过预先钻探完成的曲率半径在预设范围内的高曲率井段进行连通井的测量作业，所述定向钻井钻具用于钻探另外一口井实现与预先钻探完成的曲率半径在预设范围内的高曲率井段连通；定向钻井短节串列包括多个承载短节、若干个第一信号收发短节，所述第一信号收发短节上设置有第一信号接收和/或信号发射单元；所述承载短节之间采用关节结构连接和/或采用扭矩传递结构连接，所述承载短节与所述信号收发短节之间采用关节结构和/或采用扭矩传递结构连接；位置解算单元用于采集所述信号收发单元接收到信号，用于获得定向钻井钻具与所述信号收发短节之间的距离和/或相对位置关系。所述定向钻井短节串列Y设置于分支井眼A中，所述定向钻井钻具设置于其他井眼中。此外，所述定向钻井短节串列用于进入所述高曲率分支井眼，所述定向钻井短节串列由钻柱驱动，所述钻柱在主井眼中，通过所述定向钻井短节串列进入分支井眼进行连通井的测量定位工作。与此同时，所述定向钻井钻具由另外一条钻柱实现送钻，进行连通井的钻探。第一信号收发短节不代表只有一个信号收发短节，而代表设置于定向钻井短节串列上的信号收发短节。In this embodiment: the connecting well device includes: at least one set of directional drilling sub series, a position calculation unit, and a directional drilling tool, and the directional drilling sub series is used to pass through the pre-drilled radius of curvature in the The high-curvature well section within the preset range is used to measure the connected well, and the directional drilling tool is used to drill another well to realize communication with the high-curvature well section whose curvature radius is within the preset range; directional drilling The short section series includes a plurality of carrying short sections and several first signal transmitting and receiving short sections, and the first signal receiving and/or signal transmitting unit is arranged on the first signal transmitting and receiving short sections; one of the carrying short sections The joint structure connection and/or the torque transmission structure connection are adopted between the bearing sub-joints and the signal transmitting and receiving sub-joints are adopted a joint structure connection and/or a torque transmission structure connection; the position calculation unit is used to collect the The signal transceiving unit receives the signal and is used to obtain the distance and/or relative positional relationship between the directional drilling tool and the signal transceiving sub. The directional drilling sub string Y is set in the branch borehole A, and the directional drilling tool is set in other boreholes. In addition, the string of directional drilling subs is used to enter the high-curvature lateral wellbore, the string of directional drilling subs is driven by a drill string in the main borehole through the directional drilling sub Enter the branch wellbore in series to carry out the measurement and positioning work of the connected well. At the same time, the directional drilling tool is sent to drill by another drill string to drill connected wells. The first signal transmitting and receiving sub does not mean that there is only one signal transmitting and receiving sub, but represents the signal transmitting and receiving subs arranged on the directional drilling sub series.

本实施例中，所述第一信号收发单元和第二信号收发单元均包括换能器，从而采用声波的形式向地层发射和/或接收信号；需要说明的是：所述换能器能够实现接收、发射两种功能；In this embodiment, both the first signal transceiving unit and the second signal transceiving unit include transducers, so as to transmit and/or receive signals to the formation in the form of sound waves; it should be noted that: the transducers can realize Receive and transmit two functions;

且至少一个承载短节2用于容置控制单元、第一位置解算单元5，该承载短节2以铰接的方式串接于所述定向钻井短节串列Y中任意位置，或，设置于所述定向钻井短节串列Y的上方，或，设置于所述定向钻井短节串列Y的下方；And at least one load-bearing sub-section 2 is used to accommodate the control unit and the first position calculation unit 5, and the load-bearing sub-section 2 is connected in series in any position in the series Y of directional drilling sub-sections in an articulated manner, or set Above the directional drilling sub series Y, or arranged below the directional drilling sub series Y;

所述控制单元、第一位置解算单元5通过跨接测量线路10与所述第一信号收发单元4电连接，当所述控制单元、第一位置解算单元5为控制单元时则用于控制所述第一信号收发单元4向地层发射信号，当所述控制单元、第一位置解算单元5为位置解算单元时则用于采集所述第一信号收发单元4接收到的地层信号。The control unit and the first position calculation unit 5 are electrically connected to the first signal transceiving unit 4 by bridging the measurement line 10. When the control unit and the first position calculation unit 5 are control units, they are used for Control the first signal transceiving unit 4 to transmit signals to the formation, and when the control unit and the first position calculation unit 5 are position calculation units, they are used to collect the formation signals received by the first signal transceiving unit 4 .

本实施例中，所述第一信号收发单元和第二信号收发单元均包括线圈，和/或，所述第一信号收发单元和第二信号收发单元均包括换能器；In this embodiment, both the first signal transceiving unit and the second signal transceiving unit include coils, and/or, the first signal transceiving unit and the second signal transceiving unit both include transducers;

所述定向钻井短节串列Y至少包括两个所述第一信号收发单元，以便采用电磁波或声波的形式向地层发射和/或接收信号；The directional drilling sub series Y includes at least two first signal transceiving units, so as to transmit and/or receive signals to the formation in the form of electromagnetic waves or sound waves;

本实施例中，所述第一信号收发单元和第二信号收发单元均包括线圈，和/或，所述第一信号收发单元和第二信号收发单元均换能器；In this embodiment, both the first signal transceiving unit and the second signal transceiving unit include coils, and/or, both the first signal transceiving unit and the second signal transceiving unit are transducers;

作为较佳的实施例，还包括：弹性件，所述弹性件为弹簧版、弹性杆或弹性管贯穿于所述定向钻井短节串列Y中，用于使多个承载有第一信号收发单元4的承载短节与邻近的承载短节处于同轴状态。As a preferred embodiment, it also includes: an elastic member, the elastic member is a spring plate, an elastic rod or an elastic tube that runs through the series Y of directional drilling subs, and is used to transmit and receive multiple signals carrying the first signal The bearing sub-joint of unit 4 is coaxial with the adjacent bearing sub-joint.

作为较佳的实施例，还包括：姿态测量单元，所述姿态测量单元与所述第一信号收发单元4设置在同一个承载短节2上。As a preferred embodiment, it also includes: an attitude measurement unit, the attitude measurement unit and the first signal transceiving unit 4 are arranged on the same bearing sub-joint 2 .

作为较佳的实施例，所述姿态测量单元包括：至少一个加速度计和一个磁力计，所述加速度计和所述磁力计设置在载有第一信号收发单元的承载短节的轴线上，用于测量载有第一信号收发单元的承载短节的倾斜角和方位角。具体实施时，该姿态测量单元能在井下测量高柔性探测仪器的井斜角和/或重力工具面角和/或磁工具面角，能为所述位置测量装置提供重力工具面角和/或磁工具面角信息，该姿态测量单元包括至少一只磁力计，并采用无磁材质制成其附近的容置短节。其可以获得各个收发单元的姿态，例如或者线圈或天线的方位，获得换能器的方位信息，解决短节阵列屈曲导致的线圈或换能器朝向的不确定性带来的测量误差。As a preferred embodiment, the attitude measurement unit includes: at least one accelerometer and one magnetometer, the accelerometer and the magnetometer are arranged on the axis of the load-bearing sub-joint carrying the first signal transceiving unit, for It is used to measure the inclination angle and the azimuth angle of the bearing pup joint carrying the first signal transceiving unit. During specific implementation, the attitude measurement unit can measure the inclination angle and/or the gravity tool face angle and/or the magnetic tool face angle of the highly flexible detection instrument downhole, and can provide the gravity tool face angle and/or magnetic tool face angle for the position measuring device. For magnetic tool face angle information, the attitude measurement unit includes at least one magnetometer, and uses non-magnetic material to make the accommodation short joint near it. It can obtain the attitude of each transceiver unit, such as the orientation of the coil or antenna, and the orientation information of the transducer, and solve the measurement error caused by the uncertainty of the orientation of the coil or transducer caused by the buckling of the short-section array.

作为较佳的实施例，还包括：自下而上顺次电连接的下通讯电路6、跨接线路7、上通讯电路8和信息遥传装置9；As a preferred embodiment, it also includes: a lower communication circuit 6, a jumper circuit 7, an upper communication circuit 8 and an information remote transmission device 9 electrically connected in sequence from bottom to top;

所述下通讯电路6与所述第一位置解算单元5和/或导向短节1通讯连接；The lower communication circuit 6 is communicatively connected with the first position solving unit 5 and/or the guiding nipple 1;

所述下通讯电路6将来自所述第一位置解算单元5的信号通过所述跨接线路7传递给所述上通讯电路8，或者，所述上通讯电路8将来信号通过所述跨接线路7传递给所述下通讯电路6并通过所述下通讯电路6传递至导向短节1。The lower communication circuit 6 transmits the signal from the first position solving unit 5 to the upper communication circuit 8 through the jumper line 7, or, the upper communication circuit 8 passes the signal through the jumper The line 7 is passed to the lower communication circuit 6 and through the lower communication circuit 6 to the pilot nipple 1 .

所述信息遥传装置9用于将连通井信号经第一钻柱X发送至井口处的接收端，或者，接收井口控制端经第一钻柱X下传给导向短节1的控制指令The information remote transmission device 9 is used to send the communication well signal to the receiving end at the wellhead through the first drill string X, or to receive the control command transmitted from the wellhead control end to the steering nipple 1 through the first drill string X

作为较佳的实施例，在所述定向钻井短节串列Y中，相邻两个所述承载短节通过铰接结构的结构死点控制相邻两个短节的轴线之间的最大可偏转角度，当相邻两个短节间达到结构死点位置时，所述最大可偏转角度为2°-10°。As a preferred embodiment, in the series Y of directional drilling subs, the maximum deflection between the axes of two adjacent subs is controlled by the structural dead point of the hinge structure of the two adjacent bearing subs. Angle, when two adjacent short segments reach the structural dead point position, the maximum deflectable angle is 2°-10°.

如图3所示，作为较佳的实施例，所述第二信号收发单元12为换能器，所述换能器的工作范围在20-200k赫兹，或者由两个或多个换能器实现在多个频段内工作，其中，低频段内工作的换能器用于实现远距离条件下的定位，高频率换能器用于实现近距离条件下的定位。As shown in Fig. 3, as a preferred embodiment, the second signal transceiving unit 12 is a transducer, and the operating range of the transducer is 20-200k Hz, or two or more transducers It realizes working in multiple frequency bands, among which, the transducer working in the low frequency band is used to realize positioning under long-distance conditions, and the high-frequency transducer is used to realize positioning under short-distance conditions.

实施例1：如图2所示，所述第一信号收发单元4包括磁传感器和第一位置解算单元5，所述磁传感器与所述第一位置解算单元5电连接；所述第二信号收发单元12包括磁场发射装置14。Embodiment 1: As shown in FIG. 2 , the first signal transceiving unit 4 includes a magnetic sensor and a first position calculation unit 5, and the magnetic sensor is electrically connected to the first position calculation unit 5; The second signal transceiving unit 12 includes a magnetic field emitting device 14 .

进一步的，所述磁场发射装置14为磁体；Further, the magnetic field emitting device 14 is a magnet;

还包括第二钻柱Z，所述第二钻柱能够驱动所述磁体旋转，从而产生交变的待测磁场；或，所述第二钻柱和所述磁体之间连接有马达，所述马达能够驱动所述磁体旋转，从而于产生交变的待测磁场；It also includes a second drill string Z, which can drive the magnet to rotate, thereby generating an alternating magnetic field to be measured; or, a motor is connected between the second drill string and the magnet, and the The motor can drive the magnet to rotate, thereby generating an alternating magnetic field to be measured;

或，所述第二钻柱通过第二短节串列K驱动所述磁场发射装置14旋转，从而于产生交变的待测磁场。Or, the second drill string drives the magnetic field emitting device 14 to rotate through the second short joint series K, so as to generate an alternating magnetic field to be measured.

实施例2：所述第一信号收发单元4包括磁场发射装置14；所述第二信号收发单元包括磁传感器和第二位置解算模块19，所述磁传感器与所述第二位置解算模块19电连接。Embodiment 2: the first signal transceiving unit 4 includes a magnetic field transmitter 14; the second signal transceiving unit includes a magnetic sensor and a second position calculation module 19, and the magnetic sensor and the second position calculation module 19 electrical connections.

实施例3：如图3所示，所述第一信号收发单元4包括接收换能器和第一位置解算单元5，所述接收换能器与所述位置解算单元电连接；所述第二信号收发单元12包括发射换能器；Embodiment 3: As shown in FIG. 3, the first signal transceiving unit 4 includes a receiving transducer and a first position calculating unit 5, and the receiving transducer is electrically connected to the position calculating unit; The second signal transceiving unit 12 includes a transmitting transducer;

实施例4：所述第二信号收发单元12包括接收换能器和第二位置解算模块19，所述接收换能器与所述第二位置解算模块19电连接；所述第一信号收发单元包括发射换能器。Embodiment 4: The second signal transceiving unit 12 includes a receiving transducer and a second position calculation module 19, the receiving transducer is electrically connected to the second position calculation module 19; the first signal The transceiver unit includes a transmitting transducer.

实施例5：如图5所示，设于所述目标井眼中的换能器、电机、磁体、线圈或天线等装置统称为信标(20)，所述信标能发送声信号、电场、磁场或电磁波，以便于辅助位置测量装置探测目标井眼信息。本实施例中，载有第一信号收发单元4的承载短节串列能通过探测目标井眼(B)中的信标20产生的信号判断分支井眼A与目标井眼(B)之间的空间位置关系，当信标20中设置有换能器时，所述信标20可以发射声信号，对应的第一信号收发单元4为相控阵声信号收发单元，所述相控阵声信号收发单元通过捕捉信标20发出的声信号即可计算出所述分支井眼A与目标井眼(B)之间的空间位置关系。本实施例中，所述分支井眼(A)为仪器容置井。Embodiment 5: As shown in Figure 5, devices such as transducers, motors, magnets, coils or antennas arranged in the target wellbore are collectively referred to as beacons (20), and the beacons can send acoustic signals, electric fields, Magnetic field or electromagnetic wave, in order to assist the position measuring device to detect the target borehole information. In this embodiment, the bearing nipple series carrying the first signal transceiving unit 4 can judge the distance between the branch wellbore A and the target wellbore (B) by detecting the signal generated by the beacon 20 in the target wellbore (B). The spatial position relationship of the beacon 20, when the transducer is arranged in the beacon 20, the beacon 20 can emit an acoustic signal, and the corresponding first signal transceiving unit 4 is a phased array acoustic signal transceiving unit, and the phased array acoustic signal The signal transceiving unit can calculate the spatial position relationship between the branch borehole A and the target borehole (B) by capturing the acoustic signal sent by the beacon 20 . In this embodiment, the branch borehole (A) is an instrument accommodation well.

实施例6：如图6所示，需要说明的是，井眼包括主井眼和分支井段，所述定向钻井短节串列Y、第一信号收发单元4、以及控制单元用于穿过曲率半径在预设范围内的井眼，即用于顺次穿过曲率半径在预设范围内的主井眼和分支井段(主要是利用铰接结构的灵活性穿过主井眼和分支井段的交接处，该交接处具体如图6中主井眼和分支井段之间的分隔曲线处)。当承载短节2以铰接的方式串接于定向钻井短节串列Y中时，多个承载短节2的长度大体一致。当承载短节2设置定向钻井于短节串列Y上方时，则对承载短节2的长度无限制性要求。Embodiment 6: As shown in Figure 6, it should be noted that the wellbore includes a main wellbore and a branch well section, and the directional drilling sub series Y, the first signal transceiving unit 4, and the control unit are used to pass through The wellbore whose curvature radius is within the preset range is used to pass through the main wellbore and branch well sections in sequence (mainly through the main wellbore and branch wells by using the flexibility of the hinged structure) section, the junction is specifically shown as the separation curve between the main wellbore and the branch well section in Figure 6). When the bearing subs 2 are connected in series in the directional drilling sub series Y in a hinged manner, the lengths of the multiple bearing subs 2 are roughly the same. When the load-bearing sub-joint 2 is set for directional drilling above the sub-section series Y, there is no restriction on the length of the load-bearing sub-joint 2 .

本发明还能解决的技术问题是实现某条高曲率分支井与另外一口目标井的平行钻井，该技术可实现多条相互平行的高曲率分支井，在地热开采以及其他地下资源开发中最大限度的与储层接触。此外，该技术还可以实现某条高曲率分支井与其他井眼的连通。具体作业时，如图6所示，已完钻的井眼为分支井眼A，正在钻探的井眼为目标井眼B，可以将所述信标(20)或位置测量装置设置于已经完钻的井眼A，通过所述位置测量装置探测正在钻探的目标井眼B的形态或者金属钻具，进一步的获知目标井眼B和分支井眼A之间的相对位置关系(此时，目标井眼B和分支井眼A均为曲率较大的水平分支井)。The technical problem that the present invention can also solve is to realize the parallel drilling of a certain high-curvature branch well and another target well. contact with the reservoir. In addition, this technology can also realize the communication of a high-curvature lateral well with other wellbores. During the specific operation, as shown in Figure 6, the wellbore that has been drilled is the branch wellbore A, and the wellbore being drilled is the target wellbore B, and the beacon (20) or position measuring device can be arranged on the completed wellbore. Drilled wellbore A, through the position measuring device to detect the shape of the target wellbore B being drilled or the metal drilling tool, and further obtain the relative positional relationship between the target wellbore B and the branch wellbore A (at this time, the target Wellbore B and lateral wellbore A are horizontal lateral wells with large curvature).

如图7所示，已完钻的井眼为目标井眼B，正在钻探的井眼为分支井眼A，可以将所述信标(20)或位置测量装置连接于导向短节1后方，直接在该分支井钻探过程中探测目标井眼B。将以铰接的方式相连接的多个承载短节2穿过曲率半径在预设范围内的井眼。利用承载短节2上的第一信号收发单元4收发探测信号。利用承载短节2上的控制单元控制第一信号收发单元4发射探测信号，并利用信号采集单元51通过跨接测量电路10采集所述第一信号收发单元4接收到的探测信号，具体地，当控制单元和/或信号采集单元51为控制单元时，控制第一信号收发单元4发射信号，当控制单元和/或信号采集单元51为信号采集单元51时，采集第一信号收发单元4接收到的探测信号。需要说明的是，该定向钻井短节串列Y的末端可以连接钻井设备，首端可以连接井口处的泥浆脉冲器9。为了保障探测效果，可以将设有第一信号收发装置4的承载短节2设置在分支井段靠近井底处。As shown in Figure 7, the completed wellbore is the target wellbore B, and the wellbore being drilled is the branch wellbore A, and the beacon (20) or position measuring device can be connected to the rear of the steering sub-section 1, The target wellbore B is detected directly during the drilling of the lateral well. A plurality of bearing sub-joints 2 connected in an articulated manner pass through a wellbore whose curvature radius is within a preset range. The detection signal is sent and received by the first signal transceiving unit 4 on the bearer sub-section 2 . Use the control unit on the load-carrying nipple 2 to control the first signal transceiving unit 4 to transmit detection signals, and use the signal acquisition unit 51 to collect the detection signals received by the first signal transceiving unit 4 through the bridge measurement circuit 10, specifically, When the control unit and/or signal acquisition unit 51 is a control unit, control the first signal transceiving unit 4 to transmit a signal, and when the control unit and/or signal acquisition unit 51 is a signal acquisition unit 51, collect the first signal transceiving unit 4 to receive detected signal. It should be noted that the end of the directional drilling sub series Y can be connected to drilling equipment, and the head end can be connected to the mud pulser 9 at the wellhead. In order to ensure the detection effect, the bearing nipple 2 provided with the first signal transceiving device 4 can be arranged near the bottom of the branch well section.

本发明实施例提供的包含位置测量装置的高曲率分支井位置控制装置，通过设置以铰接的方式相连接的多个承载传送短节2，保证了定向钻井短节串列Y可以顺利穿过曲率半径在预设范围内的井眼，保障了后续位置测量作业的顺利进行，提高了经济效益，降低了施工井段的作业难度。通过在承载短节2上设置第一信号收发单元4，可以实现对探测信号的收发。通过设置控制单元和/或信号采集单元51，可以控制第一信号收发单元4发射信号，以及第一采集信号收发单元4接收到的探测信号，保障位置测量作业的顺利进行。The high-curvature lateral well position control device including the position measuring device provided by the embodiment of the present invention ensures that the series of directional drilling sub-joints Y can pass through the curvature smoothly by setting a plurality of load-carrying transmission sub-joints 2 connected in an articulated manner. The wellbore with a radius within the preset range ensures the smooth progress of subsequent position measurement operations, improves economic benefits, and reduces the difficulty of operation in the construction well section. By arranging the first signal transceiving unit 4 on the bearer nipple 2, the detection signal can be transmitted and received. By setting the control unit and/or the signal acquisition unit 51, the first signal transceiving unit 4 can be controlled to transmit signals and the detection signals received by the first acquisition signal transceiving unit 4 to ensure the smooth progress of the position measurement operation.

其中，设置有第一信号收发单元4的承载短节2的数量至少为两个，以构成阵列探测***，可大幅度提高位置测量作业精度。Among them, the number of bearing nipples 2 provided with the first signal transceiving unit 4 is at least two to form an array detection system, which can greatly improve the accuracy of the position measurement operation.

此外，位置测量装置包括至少两个所述控制单元和/或信号采集单元51协同控制两个或多个信号收发单元，至少两个所述控制单元和/或信号采集单元51实现电连接。需要说明的是，为了保证探测信号免受振动烦扰，跨接测量线路10通过固定件固定在定向钻井短节串列Y上。In addition, the position measuring device includes at least two control units and/or signal acquisition units 51 to cooperatively control two or more signal transceiving units, and at least two control units and/or signal acquisition units 51 are electrically connected. It should be noted that, in order to ensure that the detection signal is free from vibration disturbance, the jumper measurement line 10 is fixed on the directional drilling sub-joint string Y through a fixing piece.

此外，将设置有第一信号收发单元4的承载短节2与控制单元和/或信号采集单元51隔离设置于相互铰接的不同短节，通过跨接测量线路10实现控制单元和/或信号采集单元51和信号收发单元之间的电连接，大幅度的提高了位置测量装置的通过性，同时保证了技术的可行性。通过铰接的方式隔离了弯矩，使承载短节2上的传感器不易被损坏。In addition, the load-carrying sub-section 2 provided with the first signal transceiving unit 4 is isolated from the control unit and/or signal acquisition unit 51 and arranged in different sub-joints hinged to each other, and the control unit and/or signal acquisition is realized by bridging the measurement line 10 The electrical connection between the unit 51 and the signal transceiving unit greatly improves the passability of the position measuring device and at the same time ensures the technical feasibility. The bending moment is isolated by the way of hinge, so that the sensor on the load sub-joint 2 is not easy to be damaged.

在本发明实施例中，还包括：第一钻柱X，设置于定向钻井短节串列Y的上方，用于传送定向钻井短节串列Y进入所述井眼。In the embodiment of the present invention, it also includes: a first drill string X, arranged above the directional drilling sub string Y, for transmitting the directional drilling sub string Y into the wellbore.

其中，所述第一钻柱设置于主井眼中，用于传送其下端设置的短节串列进入分支井，所述定向钻井短节串列Y的长度大于分支井段中待测区段的轴线长度，所述分支井段包括高曲率造斜井段及其延伸井段。该分支井段包括高曲率造斜井段及其延伸井段，该高曲率造斜井段的曲率半径范围为0-60m。例如，其可以为曲率半径为10m-60m的短半径井，也可以为曲率半径为0-10m的极短半径井。该钻柱X可以为高刚性钻柱，其可以由两段设有螺纹的连续钢管制成的钻杆串接而成。需要说明的是，高曲率造斜井段的目的在于，以尽可能少的进尺使分支井眼的延伸方向偏离主井眼，以达到预设延伸方向。所以在短-极短半径分支井施工过程中，其高曲率造斜井段的曲率半径在0-60米之间，但其延伸井段往往是稳斜井段。本发明意在解决短-极短半径分支井内无法实现对目标井的相对位置测量的问题，因此必须使所述位置测量装置能够通过高曲率造斜井段。Wherein, the first drill string is arranged in the main borehole, and is used to transmit the sub-joint series arranged at the lower end thereof into the branch well, and the length of the directional drilling sub-joint series Y is greater than that of the section to be measured in the branch well section. Axial length, the branch well section includes the high curvature deflection well section and its extended well section. The branch well section includes a high-curvature deflection well section and its extended well section, and the curvature radius of the high-curvature deflection well section is 0-60m. For example, it may be a short-radius well with a curvature radius of 10m-60m, or an extremely short-radius well with a curvature radius of 0-10m. The drill string X may be a high-rigidity drill string, which may be formed by connecting two sections of drill rods made of continuous steel pipes provided with threads in series. It should be noted that the purpose of the high-curvature deflected well section is to make the extension direction of the branch wellbore deviate from the main wellbore with as little footage as possible, so as to achieve the preset extension direction. Therefore, during the construction of short-very short-radius branch wells, the curvature radius of the high-curvature deflection well section is between 0 and 60 meters, but its extended well section is often a stabilizing well section. The present invention aims to solve the problem that the relative position measurement of the target well cannot be realized in the short-extremely short radius branch well, so the position measurement device must be able to pass through the high curvature deflection well section.

在分支井的应用中，在主井眼内采用钻柱传送位置测量装置可以大幅度减小定向钻井短节串列Y的长度，降低事故风险。In the application of branch wells, the use of the drill string transmission position measurement device in the main wellbore can greatly reduce the length of the directional drilling sub series Y and reduce the risk of accidents.

所述第一信号收发单元4包括：至少两个收发线圈，采用电磁波的形式发射和/或接收信号位置测量装置，每个收发线圈设置在一个对应的承载短节2上。作为更优的配置，承载短节2上还设置有调谐电路101，所述调谐电路101用于驱动收发线圈发射或接收电磁波。该调谐电路可以为调谐电路板，其至少包括电容，能与发射或接收线圈构成振荡电路，能激励电磁波。需要说明的是，由于每个收发线圈均设置在一个对应的承载短接2上，且每两个相邻的承载短节2之间均具有预设间距，通过如此设置，可以保证位置测量的效果，进而穿过高曲率井眼实现阵列电磁波感应探测或阵列感应探测。具体的，包括至少一个电磁波发射单元和至少两个电磁波接收单元；所述电磁波发射单元和电磁波接收单元分别设置于不同的承载短节2中，所述电磁波发射单元用于产生电磁场，在目标井中的金属套管或金属钻具上产生感应信号，所述电磁波接收单元用于接收来自目标井中的金属套管或金属钻具反馈的信号；The first signal transceiving unit 4 includes: at least two transceiving coils, which transmit and/or receive signal position measuring devices in the form of electromagnetic waves, and each transceiving coil is arranged on a corresponding load-bearing sub-joint 2 . As a more optimal configuration, a tuning circuit 101 is also provided on the loading nipple 2, and the tuning circuit 101 is used to drive the transceiver coil to transmit or receive electromagnetic waves. The tuning circuit can be a tuning circuit board, which at least includes a capacitor, can form an oscillation circuit with a transmitting or receiving coil, and can excite electromagnetic waves. It should be noted that since each transmitting and receiving coil is set on a corresponding load-bearing short 2, and there is a preset distance between every two adjacent load-bearing shorts 2, by setting in this way, the accuracy of position measurement can be ensured. Effect, and then through the high-curvature borehole to achieve array electromagnetic wave induction detection or array induction detection. Specifically, it includes at least one electromagnetic wave transmitting unit and at least two electromagnetic wave receiving units; the electromagnetic wave transmitting unit and the electromagnetic wave receiving unit are respectively arranged in different load-bearing sub-joints 2, and the electromagnetic wave transmitting unit is used to generate an electromagnetic field, and in the target well The induction signal is generated on the metal casing or the metal drilling tool, and the electromagnetic wave receiving unit is used to receive the signal fed back from the metal casing or the metal drilling tool in the target well;

所述电磁波发射单元包括发射线圈，所述电磁波接收单元包括电磁波接收线圈。所述电磁波发射和/或接收线圈及作为顺便电磁阵列探头对目标井中的金属套管或金属钻具进行探测，其空间位置关系解算原理为现有技术，本发明中不再赘述。The electromagnetic wave transmitting unit includes a transmitting coil, and the electromagnetic wave receiving unit includes an electromagnetic wave receiving coil. The electromagnetic wave transmitting and/or receiving coils and the electromagnetic array probe as a way to detect the metal casing or metal drilling tool in the target well, the principle of calculating the spatial position relationship is the prior art, and will not be repeated in the present invention.

第一信号收发单元4包括：至少两个换能器，采用声波的形式发射和/或接收信号，每个换能器设置在一个对应的承载短节2上。换能器最佳选择为压电陶瓷或磁致伸缩换能器位置测量装置。当信号收发单元4用于声学探测时，信号收发单元4为换能器，并用于发射或接收声信号，需要先将所述铰接短节送入分支井段，反向拉出过程中实现声学探测，此时的位置测量装置局部示意图可参见图10，此时图10中的信号收发单元4即为换能器。需要说明的是，由于每个换能器均设置在一个对应的承载短节2上，且每两个相邻的承载短节2之间均具有预设间距，通过如此设置，可以保证阵列探测的效果，进而穿过高曲率井眼实现阵列声波探测，尤其是通过多个设置有换能器的承载短节2实现反射声波探测。及通过目标井B的反射信号判断仪器容置井A与目标井B的相对位置关系。The first signal transceiving unit 4 includes: at least two transducers, which transmit and/or receive signals in the form of sound waves, and each transducer is arranged on a corresponding bearing sub-joint 2 . The best choice for the transducer is a piezoceramic or magnetostrictive transducer position measuring device. When the signal transceiver unit 4 is used for acoustic detection, the signal transceiver unit 4 is a transducer and is used to transmit or receive acoustic signals. For detection, a partial schematic diagram of the position measuring device at this time can be seen in FIG. 10 , and the signal transceiving unit 4 in FIG. 10 is the transducer at this time. It should be noted that, since each transducer is set on a corresponding load-bearing sub-joint 2, and there is a preset distance between every two adjacent load-bearing sub-joints 2, by setting in this way, the array detection can be ensured. effect, and then through the high-curvature borehole to achieve array acoustic detection, especially through a plurality of bearing sub-joints 2 provided with transducers to achieve reflected acoustic detection. And judging the relative positional relationship between the instrument accommodating well A and the target well B through the reflected signal of the target well B.

信号收发单元4可以包括电极，采用发射和接收电流的形式发射和/或接收信号，该位置测量装置包含至少两个载有电极的信号收发单元4。The signal transceiving unit 4 may include electrodes, and transmits and/or receives signals in the form of transmitting and receiving currents, and the position measuring device includes at least two signal transceiving units 4 carrying electrodes.

控制单元和/或信号采集单元51可以为控制电路板和/或信号采集电路板。基于厚膜电路具有噪声低，稳定性高等特点，该控制单元和/或信号采集单元51可以采用厚膜电路工艺制备而成。The control unit and/or the signal acquisition unit 51 may be a control circuit board and/or a signal acquisition circuit board. Based on the characteristics of low noise and high stability of the thick film circuit, the control unit and/or the signal acquisition unit 51 can be manufactured by thick film circuit technology.

在所述定向钻井短节串列Y中，相邻两个短节通过铰接结构的结构死点控制相邻两个短节的轴线之间的最大可偏转角度，当相邻两个短节间达到结构死点位置时，所述最大可偏转角度为2°-10°。需要说明的是，所述结构死点位置即为铰接结构的输入端和输出端的活动空间用尽的角度位置。最大可偏转角度预设值越大，所述短节串列Y的通过性越好，但越容易发生屈曲，因此该最大可偏转角度预设值能满足仪器可能通过的井段的曲率即可。In the directional drilling sub-section series Y, two adjacent sub-sections control the maximum deflectable angle between the axes of two adjacent sub-sections through the structural dead point of the hinge structure. When the structural dead point is reached, the maximum deflectable angle is 2°-10°. It should be noted that the dead center position of the structure is the angular position where the movable space of the input end and the output end of the hinged structure is exhausted. The larger the preset value of the maximum deflectable angle, the better the passability of the sub-joint series Y, but the easier it is to buckle. Therefore, the preset value of the maximum deflectable angle can satisfy the curvature of the well section that the tool may pass through. .

在本发明实施例中，任意两个短节之间采用的铰接结构可以为能传递轴向力的万向节和关节结构，例如，能传递轴向力的万向节，或者任意万向节与球铰的组合。既能传递轴向力又能实现万向传动的十字轴万向节能起到等同于铰接的作用。In the embodiment of the present invention, the hinge structure adopted between any two short joints can be a universal joint and a joint structure capable of transmitting axial force, for example, a universal joint capable of transmitting axial force, or any universal joint Combination with spherical hinge. The universal energy-saving cross shaft that can not only transmit axial force but also realize universal transmission plays a role equivalent to a hinge.

其中，如图9所示，该关节结构包括：球头18和球窝181。该球头18和球窝181之间还设置有扭矩传递结构，球头18和球窝181中偏转。需要说明的是，扭矩传递结构包括扭矩传递销15和扭矩传递槽16，所述扭矩传递销15设置于球头18的外侧，扭矩传递槽16设置于球窝181的内侧，或，扭矩传递销15设置于球窝181的内侧，扭矩传递槽16设置于球头13的外侧；扭矩传递销15可以是球状、柱状；另外，扭矩传递结构不限于扭矩传递销15和扭矩传递槽16 这一种形式，不排除采用齿、槽等方式传递扭矩的情形。Wherein, as shown in FIG. 9 , the joint structure includes: a ball head 18 and a ball socket 181 . A torque transmission structure is also provided between the ball head 18 and the ball socket 181 , and the ball head 18 and the ball socket 181 are deflected. It should be noted that the torque transmission structure includes a torque transmission pin 15 and a torque transmission groove 16, the torque transmission pin 15 is arranged on the outside of the ball head 18, and the torque transmission groove 16 is arranged on the inside of the ball socket 181, or, the torque transmission pin 15 is arranged on the inner side of the ball socket 181, and the torque transmission groove 16 is arranged on the outside of the ball head 13; the torque transmission pin 15 can be spherical or cylindrical; in addition, the torque transmission structure is not limited to the torque transmission pin 15 and the torque transmission groove 16. The form does not exclude the use of teeth, grooves, etc. to transmit torque.

为了避免与短节串列首端连接的设备在下放时进入分支井段，从而发送卡顿，影响正常探测作业，可以将定向钻井短节串列的长度设置为大于分支井段的长度。In order to avoid that the equipment connected to the head end of the spool string enters the branch well section when it is lowered, causing transmission jams and affecting normal detection operations, the length of the directional drilling spool string can be set to be greater than the length of the branch well section.

在本发明实施例中，为了保证探测数据顺利传递至井上，如图9所示，该装置还包括：自下而上顺次电连接的下通讯电路6、跨接线路7、上通讯电路8和泥浆脉冲器9。其中，下通讯电路6与控制单元和/或信号采集单元51电连接。下通讯电路6用于将来自控制单元和/或信号采集单元51的探测信号通过跨接线路7传递给上通讯电路8，并通过上通讯电路8传递至设置于短节串列Y上方的泥浆脉冲器9。泥浆脉冲器9用于将探测信号经钻柱X发送至井口处的接收端。需要说明的是，本申请中的“上”指的是井口方向，“下”指的是井底方向。In the embodiment of the present invention, in order to ensure the smooth transmission of detection data to the well, as shown in Figure 9, the device also includes: a lower communication circuit 6, a jumper circuit 7, and an upper communication circuit 8 electrically connected in sequence from bottom to top and Mud Pulser9. Wherein, the lower communication circuit 6 is electrically connected with the control unit and/or the signal acquisition unit 51 . The lower communication circuit 6 is used to transmit the detection signal from the control unit and/or the signal acquisition unit 51 to the upper communication circuit 8 through the jumper line 7, and through the upper communication circuit 8 to the mud arranged above the short joint series Y Pulser9. The mud pulser 9 is used to send the detection signal to the receiving end at the wellhead through the drill string X. It should be noted that "up" in this application refers to the direction of the wellhead, and "down" refers to the direction of the bottom of the well.

具体实施时，可以通过跨接线路7和上通讯电路8将下通讯电路6采集的探测信号传向主井眼内的泥浆脉冲器9，泥浆脉冲器9再将该信号传递至井口信号接收端。During specific implementation, the detection signal collected by the lower communication circuit 6 can be transmitted to the mud pulser 9 in the main wellbore through the jumper line 7 and the upper communication circuit 8, and the mud pulser 9 then transmits the signal to the wellhead signal receiving end .

为了完成对井下设备的供电及控制，该装置还包括：供电单元，设置在主井眼内，与上通讯电路8电连接。In order to complete the power supply and control of the downhole equipment, the device also includes: a power supply unit arranged in the main wellbore and electrically connected to the upper communication circuit 8 .

其中，供电单元可以串接于所述驱动钻柱中任意位置，或者连接于驱动钻柱的上端，其可以是内部设置有井下电池的电池筒短节，也可以是井下涡轮发电机。Wherein, the power supply unit can be connected in series at any position in the driving drill string, or connected to the upper end of the driving drill string, which can be a battery cartridge pup joint with a downhole battery inside, or a downhole turbine generator.

进一步地，该下通讯电路6包括信号调制电路。其中，上通讯电路8包括信号解调电路。跨接线路7用于传递电能和信号。Further, the lower communication circuit 6 includes a signal modulation circuit. Wherein, the upper communication circuit 8 includes a signal demodulation circuit. The jumper lines 7 are used to transfer power and signals.

具体实施时，信号调制电路能将探测数据通过交流分量载入跨接线路7；信号解调电路能将信号从跨接线路7上分离出来，信号调制电路将所发信息调制成容易叠加至供电信号的形式，该电路调制方式包括且不限于调频、调幅、调相和脉冲调制，并将调制后的信号叠加至跨接电线中的供电信号；信号解调电路设置于短节串列的上方或上部，解调电路能拾取跨接线路7上的载有信息的调制分量，并将所拾取的调制分量依据调制方式进行解调，形成泥浆脉冲器可处理的数字信号。泥浆脉冲器9进一步将所述数字信号以泥浆脉冲波的方式传递至井口的信号接收端。During specific implementation, the signal modulation circuit can load the detection data into the jumper line 7 through the AC component; the signal demodulation circuit can separate the signal from the jumper line 7, and the signal modulation circuit modulates the sent information to be easily superimposed on the power supply The form of the signal, the circuit modulation method includes but not limited to frequency modulation, amplitude modulation, phase modulation and pulse modulation, and the modulated signal is superimposed on the power supply signal in the jumper wire; the signal demodulation circuit is set above the short string Or the upper part, the demodulation circuit can pick up the modulation component carrying information on the jumper line 7, and demodulate the picked up modulation component according to the modulation mode to form a digital signal that can be processed by the mud pulser. The mud pulser 9 further transmits the digital signal to the signal receiving end at the wellhead in the form of mud pulse waves.

在本发明实施例中，当需要将短节串列提至井上，进而获取探测数据时，该装置还包括：数据存储单元。该数据存储单元与信号采集单元51电连接，用于存储信号采集单元51采集到的探测信号。In the embodiment of the present invention, when it is necessary to lift the short joint string uphole to obtain detection data, the device further includes: a data storage unit. The data storage unit is electrically connected to the signal acquisition unit 51 and used for storing the detection signals collected by the signal acquisition unit 51 .

其中，数据存储器至少包括存储芯片。Wherein, the data memory includes at least a memory chip.

为了避免振动对测量的干扰以及增加跨接测量线路10的寿命，可以将该控制单元和/或信号采集单元51通过跨接测量线路10与调谐电路101连接，该跨接测量线路10通过固定件固定在短节串列上，所述调谐电路可以产生预设频率和强度的电信号，并通过发射线圈以电磁波的形式发射。参见图8。In order to avoid the interference of vibration on the measurement and to increase the life span of the jumper measurement line 10, the control unit and/or the signal acquisition unit 51 can be connected to the tuning circuit 101 through the jumper measurement line 10, and the jumper measurement line 10 is passed through the fixture Fixed on the short joint series, the tuned circuit can generate electrical signals with preset frequency and intensity, and emit them in the form of electromagnetic waves through the transmitting coil. See Figure 8.

举例来说，为了便于安装和拆卸，该跨接测量线路10可以通过螺栓组件固定在短节串列上。For example, in order to facilitate installation and disassembly, the jumper measurement line 10 can be fixed on the short joint series through a bolt assembly.

进一步地，为了提高短节串列在分支井段内的稳定性，如图9所示，该装置还包括：弹性件17。该弹性件17贯穿于短节串列Y中，用于使多个承载短节2处于同轴状态。其中，该弹性件17可以为弹性杆或弹性管等。Further, in order to improve the stability of the sub-joint series in the lateral well section, as shown in FIG. 9 , the device further includes: an elastic member 17 . The elastic member 17 runs through the sub-joint series Y, and is used to keep a plurality of load-bearing sub-joints 2 in a coaxial state. Wherein, the elastic member 17 may be an elastic rod or an elastic tube or the like.

为了避免两个相邻的短节都为长度较长的短节，在穿越主井眼和分支井段时较困难，在短节串列中，可以使相邻两个短节之间的距离具有预设差值。In order to avoid that two adjacent sub-joints are long-length sub-joints, which makes it difficult to traverse the main wellbore and branch well sections, in the sub-joint series, the distance between two adjacent sub-joints can be made With preset delta.

此外，本发明实施例提供了利用上述高曲率分支井位置控制装置进行井眼相对位置测量的方法，如图1-10所示，所述方法包括：In addition, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for measuring the relative position of the wellbore using the above-mentioned high-curvature branch well position control device, as shown in Figure 1-10, the method includes:

步骤101、将具有探测功能的定向钻井短节串列Y穿过曲率半径在预设范围内的井眼，所述定向钻井短节串列包括：以铰接的方式相连接的多个承载短节2；多个承载短节2内分别设有第一信号收发单元4、控制单元和/或信号采集单元51、第一位置解算单元5； Step 101. Pass the directional drilling sub series Y with detection function through the wellbore whose curvature radius is within the preset range. The directional drilling sub series includes: multiple load-bearing subs connected in an articulated manner 2. A first signal transceiving unit 4, a control unit and/or a signal acquisition unit 51, and a first position calculation unit 5 are respectively installed in a plurality of load-carrying short joints 2;

步骤102、利用承载短节2上的控制单元和/或信号采集单元51控制第一信号收发单元4发射信号；Step 102, using the control unit and/or the signal acquisition unit 51 on the bearer nipple 2 to control the first signal transceiving unit 4 to transmit signals;

步骤103、利用所述控制单元和/或信号采集单元51采集所述第一信号收发单元4接收到的探测信号；Step 103, utilizing the control unit and/or the signal acquisition unit 51 to collect the detection signal received by the first signal transceiving unit 4;

步骤104、所述第一位置解算单元5根据所述控制单元和/或信号采集单元51采集到的信号判断分支井眼(A)与所述目标井眼(B)的相对位置关系。Step 104 , the first position calculation unit 5 judges the relative positional relationship between the branch wellbore (A) and the target wellbore (B) according to the signals collected by the control unit and/or the signal collection unit 51 .

利用上述方法，保证定向钻井短节串列Y可以顺利穿过曲率半径在预设范围内的主井眼和分支井段，保证后续位置测量作业的顺利进行，提高了经济效益，降低了施工井段的作业难度。Using the above method, it is ensured that the directional drilling sub series Y can pass through the main wellbore and the branch well section with the radius of curvature within the preset range, which ensures the smooth progress of subsequent position measurement operations, improves economic benefits, and reduces the cost of construction wells. The difficulty of the assignment.

进一步的，第二信号收发单元为电极，能向地层释放电流，所述电极通过电缆与地面电源相连；所述第一信号收发单元为电流计或磁力计，用于测量所述电极发射的电流或由所述电流产生的磁场并进一步的用于判断所述第一信号收发单元与第二信号收发单元之间的位置关系。Further, the second signal transceiving unit is an electrode, which can release current to the formation, and the electrode is connected to the ground power supply through a cable; the first signal transceiving unit is an ammeter or a magnetometer, which is used to measure the current emitted by the electrode Or the magnetic field generated by the current is further used to judge the positional relationship between the first signal transceiving unit and the second signal transceiving unit.

为增加测量精度，所述第一信号收发单元包括两组磁力计，分别设置于两任意承载短节的内部，且所述两组磁力计以所述承载短节的轴线为中心对称布置。In order to increase measurement accuracy, the first signal transceiving unit includes two sets of magnetometers, which are respectively arranged inside two arbitrary load-bearing sub-joints, and the two sets of magnetometers are symmetrically arranged around the axis of the load-bearing sub-joints.

以上所述的，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any person familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, according to the technology of the present invention Any equivalent replacement or change of the scheme and its inventive concepts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

一种高曲率分支井位置控制装置，其特征在于，包括：能够穿过曲率半径在预设范围内的分支井眼(A)的定向钻井短节串列(Y)、位于另外一口目标井眼(B)中的第二信号收发单元(12)、解算模块以及控制器；A position control device for high-curvature branch wells, characterized in that it includes: a directional drilling nipple series (Y) capable of passing through a branch wellbore (A) with a radius of curvature within a preset range, and another target wellbore (B) the second signal transceiving unit (12), solving module and controller;

所述定向钻井短节串列(Y)包括以铰接的方式相连接的多个承载短节(2)，且位于下部的承载短节(2)还与导向短节(1)相连；The series of directional drilling subs (Y) includes a plurality of bearing subs (2) connected in a hinged manner, and the lower bearing subs (2) are also connected to the guiding subs (1);

所述第二信号收发单元(12)能够向所述定向钻井短节串列(Y)及其所在地层发射信号，和/或，所述第二信号收发单元(12)能够接收所述定向钻井短节串列(Y)反馈或发射的信号；The second signal transceiving unit (12) can transmit signals to the directional drilling sub string (Y) and its formation, and/or, the second signal transceiving unit (12) can receive the directional drilling Feedback or emission signal of short series (Y);

所述解算模块用于解算定向钻井短节串列(Y)与目标井眼(B)的相对位置关系并通过控制器控制所述定向钻井短节串列(Y)调整或保持与目标井眼(B)的预设相对位置关系。The calculation module is used to calculate the relative positional relationship between the directional drilling sub series (Y) and the target borehole (B), and control the directional drilling sub series (Y) to adjust or maintain the target borehole (B) through the controller. Preset relative positional relationship of borehole (B).
如权利要求1所述的高曲率分支井位置控制装置，其特征在于，还包括：The position control device for high-curvature lateral wells according to claim 1, further comprising:

第一钻柱(X)，设置于所述定向钻井短节串列(Y)的上方，用于传送所述定向钻井短节串列(Y)进入所述分支井眼(A)；A first drill string (X), arranged above the directional drilling sub string (Y), is used to transmit the directional drilling sub string (Y) into the lateral wellbore (A);

所述定向钻井短节串列(Y)的长度大于所述分支井眼(A)的分支井段的长度；The length of the directional drilling sub series (Y) is greater than the length of the branch well section of the branch wellbore (A);

所述承载短节(2)以铰接的方式串接于所述定向钻井短节串列(Y)中，所述承载短节(2)的轴线长度均小于或等于所述导向短节(1)外直径的5倍；The bearing subs (2) are connected in series in the series of directional drilling subs (Y) in a hinged manner, and the axial lengths of the bearing subs (2) are all less than or equal to the guide subs (1 ) 5 times the outer diameter;

还包括第二井下工具串，所述第二信号收发单元设置于所述第二井下工具串中；It also includes a second downhole tool string, and the second signal transceiving unit is arranged in the second downhole tool string;

所述解算模块为第二位置解算模块(19)，所述第二位置解算模块(19)与所述第二信号收发单元(12)通讯连接，用于采用第二信号收发单元(12)测量的数据解算所述定向钻井短节串列(Y)与所述第二井下工具串之间的位置关系；The calculation module is a second position calculation module (19), and the second position calculation module (19) is communicatively connected with the second signal transceiver unit (12), for adopting the second signal transceiver unit ( 12) calculating the positional relationship between the directional drilling sub string (Y) and the second downhole tool string based on the measured data;

所述控制器为井口控制端，所述井口控制端分别与所述定向钻井短节串列(Y)和第二位置解算模块(19)通讯连接，用于采用第二位置解算模块(19)解算得到的所述定向钻井短节串列(Y)与所述第二井下工具串之间的位置关系控制所述定向钻井短节串列(Y)调整或保持与目标井眼(B)的预设相对位置关系。The controller is a wellhead control terminal, and the wellhead control terminal is respectively connected to the directional drilling sub series (Y) and the second position calculation module (19) in communication, and is used to adopt the second position calculation module ( 19) The calculated positional relationship between the directional drilling sub string (Y) and the second downhole tool string controls the directional drilling sub string (Y) to adjust or keep in line with the target borehole ( B) The preset relative positional relationship.
如权利要求2所述的高曲率分支井位置控制装置，其特征在于，所述第二井下工具串至少包括两个第二信号收发单元(12)，所述第二信号收发单元(12)包括电磁探测探头，用于发射和/或接收电磁波信号；其中，至少一个第二信号收发单元(12)具有信号发射模块(121)，用于向电磁探测探头施加瞬变电磁激励信号；至少一个第二信号收发单元包括信号拾取模块(122)，用于拾取电磁探测探头中感应的来自于所述定向钻井短节串列(Y)的二次涡流场信号。The position control device for high-curvature lateral wells according to claim 2, wherein the second downhole tool string includes at least two second signal transceiving units (12), and the second signal transceiving unit (12) includes The electromagnetic detection probe is used to transmit and/or receive electromagnetic wave signals; wherein, at least one second signal transceiving unit (12) has a signal transmitting module (121), which is used to apply a transient electromagnetic excitation signal to the electromagnetic detection probe; at least one first The second signal transceiving unit includes a signal pickup module (122), which is used to pick up the secondary eddy current field signal induced in the electromagnetic detection probe from the directional drilling short joint series (Y).
如权利要求2所述的高曲率分支井位置控制装置，其特征在于，所述第二井下工具串至少包括一组相控阵声信号收发单元，所述声信号收发单元包括换能器，用于可控方向的发射和/或接收声信号；还包括声学信号发射模块，用于驱动换能器发射声信号；还包括声学信号拾取模块，用于拾取换能器接收的来自于所述定向钻井短节串列(Y)的反射信号。The position control device for high-curvature lateral wells according to claim 2, wherein the second downhole tool string includes at least one set of phased array acoustic signal transceiver units, and the acoustic signal transceiver units include transducers for Transmitting and/or receiving acoustic signals in a controllable direction; also includes an acoustic signal transmitting module, used to drive the transducer to emit acoustic signals; also includes an acoustic signal pickup module, used to pick up the transducer received from the directional The reflected signal of the drilling sub string (Y).
如权利要求1所述的高曲率分支井位置控制装置，其特征在于，所述定向钻井短节串列(Y)还包括第一信号收发单元(4)，所述第一信号收发单元(4)设置于任意承载短节(2)中；The high-curvature lateral well position control device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the directional drilling sub series (Y) further includes a first signal transceiving unit (4), and the first signal transceiving unit (4 ) is set in any bearing sub-section (2);

所述第二信号收发单元(12)能够通过接收所述第一信号收发单元(4)发射的信号计算出所述第一信号收发单元(4)与第二信号收发单元(12)之间的相对位置关系，或，所述第一信号收发单元(4)能够通过接收所述第二信号收发单元(12)发射的信号计算出所述第一信号收发单元(4)与第二信号收发单元(12)之间的相对位置关系。The second signal transceiving unit (12) can calculate the distance between the first signal transceiving unit (4) and the second signal transceiving unit (12) by receiving the signal transmitted by the first signal transceiving unit (4). The relative positional relationship, or, the first signal transceiving unit (4) can calculate the relationship between the first signal transceiving unit (4) and the second signal transceiving unit (4) by receiving the signal transmitted by the second signal transceiving unit (12). (12) The relative positional relationship between them.
如权利要求5所述的高曲率分支井位置控制装置，其特征在于，所述第一信号收发单元(4)包括磁传感器和第一位置解算单元(5)，所述磁传感器与所述第一位置解算单元(5)电连接；所述第二信号收发单元(12)包括磁场发射装置(14)；The position control device for high-curvature lateral wells according to claim 5, wherein the first signal transceiving unit (4) includes a magnetic sensor and a first position solving unit (5), and the magnetic sensor and the The first position solving unit (5) is electrically connected; the second signal transceiving unit (12) includes a magnetic field emitting device (14);

所述解算模块为第一位置解算单元(5)，所述第一位置解算单元(5)与所述第一信号收发单元通讯连接，用于采用第一信号收发单元测量的数据解算所述定向钻井短节串列与第二信号收发单元(12)之间的位置关系；The calculation module is a first position calculation unit (5), and the first position calculation unit (5) is communicatively connected with the first signal transceiver unit, and is used to solve the data measured by the first signal transceiver unit. Calculate the positional relationship between the directional drilling sub series and the second signal transceiver unit (12);

所述控制器为闭环控制模块(11)，所述闭环控制模块设置于所述定向钻井短节串列中的任意承载短节中，所述闭环控制模块(11)分别与所述导向短节(1)和第一位置解算单元(5)通讯连接，用于采用第一位置解算单元(5)解算得到的所述定向钻井短节串列(Y)与目标井眼(B)之间的位置关系控制所述定向钻井短节串列调整或保持与目标井眼(B)的预设相对位置关系。The controller is a closed-loop control module (11), and the closed-loop control module is arranged in any bearing sub in the series of directional drilling sub-joints, and the closed-loop control module (11) is connected with the steering sub-joint respectively (1) Communicatively connected with the first position calculating unit (5), used for the directional drilling sub series (Y) and the target wellbore (B) calculated by the first position calculating unit (5) The positional relationship among them controls the tandem adjustment of the directional drilling subs or maintains the preset relative positional relationship with the target wellbore (B).
如权利要求6所述的高曲率分支井位置控制装置，其特征在于，所述磁场发射装置(14)为磁体；The position control device for high-curvature lateral wells according to claim 6, wherein the magnetic field emission device (14) is a magnet;

还包括第二井下工具串，所述第二信号收发单元设置于所述第二井下工具串中；所述第二井下工具串包括第二钻柱(Z)，所述第二钻柱能够驱动所述磁体旋转，从而产生交变的待测磁场；或，所述第二钻柱和所述磁体之间连接有马达，所述马达能够驱动所述磁体旋转，从而于产生交变的待测磁场；It also includes a second downhole tool string, the second signal transceiving unit is arranged in the second downhole tool string; the second downhole tool string includes a second drill string (Z), and the second drill string can drive The magnet rotates to generate an alternating magnetic field to be tested; or, a motor is connected between the second drill string and the magnet, and the motor can drive the magnet to rotate to generate an alternating magnetic field to be tested. magnetic field;

或，所述第二钻柱通过第二井下工具串驱动所述磁场发射装置(14)旋转，从而于产生交变的待测磁场。Or, the second drill string drives the magnetic field emission device (14) to rotate through the second downhole tool string, so as to generate an alternating magnetic field to be measured.
如权利要求5所述的高曲率分支井位置控制装置，其特征在于，所述第一信号收发单元(4)包括磁场发射装置(14)；所述第二信号收发单元包括磁传感器和第二位置解算模块(19)，所述磁传感器与所述第二位置解算模块(19)电连接。The position control device for high-curvature lateral wells according to claim 5, wherein the first signal transceiving unit (4) includes a magnetic field transmitter (14); the second signal transceiving unit includes a magnetic sensor and a second A position calculation module (19), the magnetic sensor is electrically connected to the second position calculation module (19).
如权利要求5所述的高曲率分支井位置控制装置，其特征在于，所述第一信号收发单元(4)包括接收换能器和第一位置解算单元(5)，所述接收换能器与所述解算模块电连接；所述第二信号收发单元(12)包括发射换能器；或，所述第二信号收发单元(12)包括接收换能器和第二位置解算模块(19)，所述接收换能器与所述第二位置解算模块(19)电连接；所述第一信号收发单元包括发射换能器。The position control device for high-curvature lateral wells according to claim 5, wherein the first signal transceiving unit (4) includes a receiving transducer and a first position solving unit (5), and the receiving transducer The device is electrically connected to the calculation module; the second signal transceiving unit (12) includes a transmitting transducer; or, the second signal transceiving unit (12) includes a receiving transducer and a second position calculation module (19), the receiving transducer is electrically connected to the second position calculation module (19); the first signal transceiving unit includes a transmitting transducer.
如权利要求5所述的高曲率分支井位置控制装置，其特征在于，所述第一信号收发单元和第二信号收发单元均包括换能器，从而采用声波的形式向地层发射和/或接收信号；The position control device for high-curvature lateral wells according to claim 5, wherein the first signal transceiving unit and the second signal transceiving unit both include transducers, so as to transmit and/or receive to the formation in the form of sound waves Signal;

且至少一个承载短节(2)用于容置控制单元、第一位置解算单元(5)，该承载短节(2)以铰接的方式串接于所述定向钻井短节串列(Y)中任意位置，或，设置于所述定向钻井短节串列(Y)的上方，或，设置于所述定向钻井短节串列(Y)的下方；And at least one load-bearing sub (2) is used to accommodate the control unit and the first position calculation unit (5), and the load-bearing sub (2) is connected in series with the directional drilling sub-column (Y ), or, set above the directional drilling sub string (Y), or, set below the directional drilling sub string (Y);

所述控制单元、第一位置解算单元(5)通过跨接测量线路(10)与所述第一信号收发单元(4)电连接，当所述控制单元、第一位置解算单元(5)为控制器时则用于控制所述第一信号收发单元(4)向地层发射信号，当所述控制单元、第一位置解算单元(5)为解算模块时则用于采集所述第一信号收发单元(4)接收到的地层信号。The control unit and the first position calculation unit (5) are electrically connected to the first signal transceiving unit (4) by bridging the measurement line (10), when the control unit and the first position calculation unit (5 ) is a controller when it is used to control the first signal transceiving unit (4) to transmit a signal to the formation, and when the control unit and the first position calculation unit (5) are a calculation module, it is used to collect the The formation signal received by the first signal transceiving unit (4).
如权利要求5所述的高曲率分支井位置控制装置，其特征在于，所述第一信号收发单元和第二信号收发单元均包括线圈，和/或，所述第一信号收发单元和第二信号收发单元均包括换能器；The position control device for high-curvature lateral wells according to claim 5, wherein the first signal transceiving unit and the second signal transceiving unit both include coils, and/or, the first signal transceiving unit and the second signal transceiving unit The signal transceiving units all include transducers;

所述定向钻井短节串列(Y)至少包括两个所述第一信号收发单元，以便采用电磁波或声波的形式向地层发射和/或接收信号；The directional drilling sub string (Y) includes at least two first signal transceiving units, so as to transmit and/or receive signals to the formation in the form of electromagnetic waves or sound waves;

且每个所述第一信号收发单元分别设置在不同的承载短节上。And each of the first signal transceiving units is respectively arranged on different bearer sub-sections.
如权利要求5所述的高曲率分支井位置控制装置，其特征在于，所述第一信号收发单元和第二信号收发单元均包括线圈，和/或，所述第一信号收发单元和第二信号收发单元均换能器；The position control device for high-curvature lateral wells according to claim 5, wherein the first signal transceiving unit and the second signal transceiving unit both include coils, and/or, the first signal transceiving unit and the second signal transceiving unit The signal transceiver unit is a transducer;

还包括第二钻柱；所述第二钻柱至少包括两个所述第二信号收发单元，以便采用电磁波和/或声波的形式向地层发射和/或接收信号；It also includes a second drill string; the second drill string includes at least two second signal transceiving units, so as to transmit and/or receive signals to the formation in the form of electromagnetic waves and/or sound waves;

每个所述第二信号收发单元分别设置在第二钻柱的不同承载短节上。Each of the second signal transceiving units is respectively arranged on a different bearing sub of the second drill string.
如权利要求5所述的高曲率分支井位置控制装置，其特征在于，还包括：弹性件，贯穿于所述定向钻井短节串列(Y)中，用于使多个承载有第一信号收发单元(4)的承载短节与邻近的承载短节处于同轴状态。The position control device for high-curvature lateral wells according to claim 5, further comprising: an elastic member, which runs through the series of directional drilling nipples (Y), and is used to make a plurality of bearings carrying the first signal The bearing sub-joint of the transceiver unit (4) is coaxial with the adjacent bearing sub-joint.
如权利要求5所述的高曲率分支井位置控制装置，其特征在于，还包括：姿态测量单元，所述姿态测量单元与所述第一信号收发单元(4)设置在同一个承载短节(2)上。The position control device for high-curvature lateral wells according to claim 5, further comprising: an attitude measurement unit, the attitude measurement unit and the first signal transceiving unit (4) are arranged in the same bearing sub-section ( 2) on.
如权利要求14所述的高曲率分支井位置控制装置，其特征在于，所述姿态测量单元包括：至少一个加速度计和一个磁力计，所述加速度计和所述磁力计设置在载有第一信号收发单元的承载短节的轴线上，用于测量载有第一信号收发单元的承载短节的倾斜角和方位角。The position control device for high-curvature lateral wells according to claim 14, wherein the attitude measurement unit comprises: at least one accelerometer and a magnetometer, and the accelerometer and the magnetometer are arranged on a first On the axis of the bearing sub-joint of the signal transceiving unit, it is used to measure the inclination angle and azimuth angle of the bearing sub-joint carrying the first signal transceiving unit.
如权利要求2、5、8、9、14、15中任意一项所述的高曲率分支井位置控制装置，其特征在于，还包括：自下而上顺次电连接的下通讯电路(6)、跨接线路(7)、上通讯电路(8)和信息遥传装置(9)；The position control device for high-curvature branch wells according to any one of claims 2, 5, 8, 9, 14, 15, further comprising: a lower communication circuit (6) electrically connected sequentially from bottom to top ), jumper circuit (7), upper communication circuit (8) and information remote transmission device (9);

所述下通讯电路(6)与所述第一位置解算单元(5)和/或导向短节(1)通讯连接；The lower communication circuit (6) is communicatively connected with the first position solving unit (5) and/or the guiding nipple (1);

所述下通讯电路(6)将来自所述第一位置解算单元(5)的信号通过所述跨接线路(7)传递给所述上通讯电路(8)，或者，所述上通讯电路(8)将来自于信息遥传装置的信号通过所述跨接线路(7)传递给所述下通讯电路(6)并通过所述下通讯电路(6)传递至导向短节(1)。The lower communication circuit (6) transmits the signal from the first position solving unit (5) to the upper communication circuit (8) through the jumper line (7), or, the upper communication circuit (8) Transmit the signal from the information remote transmission device to the lower communication circuit (6) through the jumper line (7) and transmit it to the guide nipple (1) through the lower communication circuit (6).
如权利要求1所述的高曲率分支井位置控制装置，其特征在于，在所述定向钻井短节串列(Y)中，相邻两个所述承载短节通过铰接结构的结构死点控制相邻两个承载短节的轴线之间的最大可偏转角度，当相邻两个承载短节间达到结构死点位置时，所述最大可偏转角度为2°-10°。The position control device for high-curvature lateral wells according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the directional drilling sub-section series (Y), two adjacent bearing sub-sections are controlled by the structural dead point of the articulated structure The maximum deflectable angle between the axes of two adjacent load-bearing sub-sections, when the structural dead point is reached between two adjacent load-bearing sub-sections, the maximum deflectable angle is 2°-10°.
如权利要求4、10-12任意一项所述的高曲率分支井位置控制装置，其特征在于，所述换能器的工作范围在20-200k赫兹；或者由两个或多个换能器实现在多个频段内工作，其中，低频段内工作的换能器用于实现远距离条件下的定位，高频率换能器用于实现近距离条件下的定位。The high-curvature branch well position control device according to any one of claims 4, 10-12, wherein the working range of the transducer is 20-200k Hz; or two or more transducers It realizes working in multiple frequency bands, among which, the transducer working in the low frequency band is used to realize positioning under long-distance conditions, and the high-frequency transducer is used to realize positioning under short-distance conditions.
如权利要求5所述的高曲率分支井位置控制装置，其特征在于，第二信号收发单元(12)为电极，能向地层释放电流，所述电极通过电缆与地面电源相连；所述第一信号收发单元(4)为电流计或磁力计，用于测量所述电极发射的电流或由所述电流产生的磁场并进一步的用于判断所述第一信号收发单元(4)与第二信号收发单元(12)之间的位置关系。The position control device for high-curvature branch wells according to claim 5, wherein the second signal transceiving unit (12) is an electrode that can release current to the formation, and the electrode is connected to the ground power supply through a cable; the first The signal transceiving unit (4) is an ammeter or a magnetometer, which is used to measure the current emitted by the electrodes or the magnetic field generated by the current and further used to judge the relationship between the first signal transceiving unit (4) and the second signal The positional relationship between the transceiver units (12).