WO2022237662A1 - 一种大行程座椅扶手机构 - Google Patents

一种大行程座椅扶手机构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022237662A1
WO2022237662A1 PCT/CN2022/091342 CN2022091342W WO2022237662A1 WO 2022237662 A1 WO2022237662 A1 WO 2022237662A1 CN 2022091342 W CN2022091342 W CN 2022091342W WO 2022237662 A1 WO2022237662 A1 WO 2022237662A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
armrest
seat
rotating shaft
pawl
recliner
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Application number
PCT/CN2022/091342
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张力
乔平
乔奇青
丁子寅
Original Assignee
恺博(常熟)座椅机械部件有限公司
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Publication of WO2022237662A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022237662A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/75—Arm-rests
    • B60N2/763—Arm-rests adjustable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/75—Arm-rests
    • B60N2/763—Arm-rests adjustable
    • B60N2/767—Angle adjustment

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a car seat armrest mechanism, more particularly to a large stroke seat armrest mechanism.
  • the main function of the armrest of the car seat is to provide support for the forearm and the front part of the occupant, so as to improve the comfort of driving.
  • Certain armrests can also provide cup holders, table tops, information displays, controls, and other functions.
  • the armrest can be lowered from a folded position on the side of the backrest to its lowest position (for example, the armrest is at 110° to the backrest), this range of motion is called the stroke, which is fixed relative to the backrest.
  • the stroke which is fixed relative to the backrest.
  • the rotation angle is relatively large (for example, it may exceed 70 degrees), and the armrest is limited by the stroke.
  • the present invention provides a seat armrest mechanism with a large stroke.
  • the armrest mechanism of the large-stroke seat of the present invention includes an armrest assembly and an armrest recliner, wherein the armrest assembly is rotatably mounted on the seat frame around a rotating shaft through the armrest recliner, and the armrest recliner includes a rotating shaft Seat, pawl, tooth plate and lock cam, the tooth plate is fixedly connected to the seat frame, the rotating shaft seat is connected with the rotating shaft to rotate synchronously under the drive of the rotating shaft, and the ratchet is rotatably installed between the rotating shaft seat and the tooth plate On the rotating shaft seat and matched with the gear plate, the locking cam can be independently rotatably sleeved on the rotating shaft.
  • the pawl has a locking protrusion and an unlocking protrusion, and the locking protrusion contacts and cooperates with the locking cam to realize the locking of the pawl.
  • the tooth plate has an unlocking part, and the unlocking convex point cooperates with the unlocking part to realize the unlocking of the ratchet.
  • the lock cam and the accessory mechanism together constitute a mechanical or electronically controlled angle sensor for achieving a fixed position trigger lock and a large stroke.
  • the locking protrusion and the unlocking protrusion are located at different heights.
  • the locking portion and the unlocking portion in the prior art are located in the same plane.
  • the locking cam forms a four-bar linkage through steel wires to independently determine the posture of the locking cam.
  • the posture of the locking cam is always maintained within a stable and small range (manual non-continuous recliner, concentric rotation adjustment of the backrest and seat pan, and the four-bar linkage can be arranged strictly in terms of layout. It is a parallelogram in the sense, so as to ensure that the posture of the locking cam is always unchanged; while most electric continuous recliners, the backrest and seat pan rotate non-concentrically, and the length of one rod in the four-bar linkage is due to the eccentric rotation of the backrest recliner And small fluctuations eventually lead to small fluctuations in the attitude of the lock cam).
  • the lock cam independently determines the posture of the lock cam through a cable mechanism.
  • the armrest recliner further includes an M spring, and the two ends of the M spring respectively abut against the rotating shaft seat and the ratchet to cooperate with the ratchet and the tooth plate to provide a one-way ratchet structure.
  • the tooth plate has a groove, and a ring gear is provided on the peripheral wall of the groove.
  • the ratchet is accommodated in the groove and has meshing teeth on its periphery. Plate locking.
  • the tooth plate has a notch communicating with the groove
  • the armrest recliner further includes a folding spring installed in the notch to act on the pawl in the notch.
  • the groove transitions to the notch through the stop point
  • the pawl has a protrusion on its periphery, and the protrusion is accommodated between the stop point and the fold spring after passing over the fold spring.
  • the folding spring is to enable the armrest to relatively easily squeeze into the folded position during the upturning and folding process, and stay in this position, and it is relatively difficult to escape from the folded position (easy to enter and difficult to exit).
  • the folding spring directly acts on the pawl and indirectly acts on the rotating shaft seat. In fact, through structural adjustment, the folding spring can also directly act on the rotating shaft seat to achieve the same function.
  • the armrest assembly has a rotating shaft, which is installed in the armrest recliner in a plug-in manner.
  • the rotating shaft can also be fixed on the armrest recliner, and the armrest assembly is inserted on the rotating shaft and then fixed with fasteners (such as bolts).
  • the armrest recliner further includes a cover fixedly connected to the tooth plate and a circlip bracket fixedly connected to the cover, and the circlip support and the rotating shaft seat are located between the cover and the tooth plate.
  • the rotating shaft has an anti-retraction slot
  • the armrest recliner also includes an anti-retraction retaining spring located between the retaining ring bracket and the rotating shaft seat. Groove fit.
  • the rotating shaft seat has a mounting shaft
  • the pawl has a mounting hole
  • the mounting shaft is inserted into the mounting hole to fit the pawl to be rotatably mounted on the rotating shaft seat.
  • the rotating shaft has a spline
  • the rotating shaft seat has a spline groove
  • the spline cooperates with the spline groove to drive the rotating shaft seat to rotate synchronously through the rotating shaft.
  • the large-stroke seat armrest mechanism of the present invention includes a modular armrest assembly and an armrest recliner. Keep the main structure (basically) unchanged between the various seat styles, easy to install.
  • the armrest recliner's independently rotating locking cams allow for large stroke adjustments of the armrest assembly.
  • the armrest can provide support in the horizontal position. Near the horizontal position, it allows comfort adjustment within a certain range according to personal preference (one-way locking).
  • the armrest mechanism according to the present invention can be turned up at any time, even if the power is cut off, the operation will not be affected, and it is convenient to enter and exit. There is no need to arrange buttons on the armrest, and the overall armrest can be installed by plugging in, without a cover, and the appearance is simple.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of assembly of a large stroke seat armrest mechanism according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the armrest assembly of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the armrest recliner of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the rotating shaft seat in Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 5 shows the mechanism of action of the M spring of Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 6 shows the mechanism of action of the folding spring of Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the pawl of Fig. 3;
  • Figure 8 shows the installation of the lock cam of Figure 3
  • Figure 9 shows the installation of a lock cam according to another embodiment
  • Fig. 10 shows the schematic diagram of the posture of the locking cam of Fig. 3 being associated through a steel wire
  • Fig. 11 shows a schematic diagram of the posture of the locking cam of Fig. 3 being associated through the dragline;
  • Figure 12 shows the pawl in the folded state of the armrest assembly
  • Figure 13 shows the detached pawl during the lowering of the armrest assembly
  • Figure 14 shows the pawl unlocked during lowering of the armrest assembly
  • Figure 15 shows the pawl coming into contact with the latch cam during lowering of the armrest assembly
  • Figure 16 shows the pawl in a critical position in contact with the lock cam during the lowering of the armrest assembly
  • Figure 17 shows the pawls locked during the lowering of the armrest assembly
  • Figure 18 shows the pawl unlocked during the lifting of the armrest assembly
  • Figure 19 shows the pawl that slides in during lifting of the armrest assembly.
  • the armrest mechanism of a seat with a large stroke includes an armrest assembly 1, an armrest recliner 2 and a seat frame 3, wherein the armrest assembly 1 passes through the armrest recliner 2 It is rotatably installed on the seat frame 3.
  • the seat frame 3 is a seat back frame, and the armrest recliner 2 is fixedly connected to the seat frame 3 by screws.
  • the armrest assembly 1 has a rotating shaft 11 which is installed in the armrest recliner 2 (see FIG. 1 ) in a plug-in manner.
  • the rotating shaft 11 has anti-retraction slots and splines respectively matched with the armrest recliner 2 .
  • this plug-in installation form can make the armrest assembly 1 have an excellent appearance.
  • the armrest recliner 2 includes a cover 21, a snap ring bracket 22, a rotating shaft seat 23 and a tooth plate 24, wherein the outer cover 21 and the inner tooth plate 24 are fixedly connected to the seat frame by screws 3 (see FIG. 1 ), the snap ring bracket 22 and the rotating shaft seat 23 are located between the cover 21 and the tooth plate 24.
  • the cover 21 has a receiving groove 211
  • the snap ring bracket 22 has a protrusion 221
  • the protrusion 221 is inserted into the receiving groove 211 to fix the snap ring bracket 22 inside the cover 21 .
  • the circlip bracket 22 can be interference-fitted with the damping ring 222 to eliminate abnormal noises.
  • a rotary damping mechanism is usually arranged inside the backrest frame, which is associated with the rotating shaft.
  • the armrest recliner 2 also includes a back-stop jumper 25, which is fitted in a shape fit on the inner side of the jumper bracket 22 and is connected to the inserted rotating shaft 11 (see FIG. 2 ).
  • the anti-retraction slot cooperates to ensure that the rotating shaft 11 is prevented from coming out during normal use after being installed, that is, it is not easy to come out or difficult to come out. After pulling out the force outward, the armrest assembly 1 can be removed without damage.
  • the center of the rotating shaft base 23 has a spline groove 231 , which cooperates with the spline of the inserted rotating shaft 11 (see FIG. 2 ) to drive the rotating shaft base 23 to rotate through the rotating shaft 11 .
  • the armrest recliner 2 further includes a pawl 26 , which is rotatably mounted on the inner side of the shaft seat 23 and cooperates with the tooth plate 24 to form a one-way locking mechanism.
  • the inner side of the rotating shaft seat 23 has a mounting shaft 232
  • the ratchet 26 has a mounting hole 261
  • the mounting shaft 232 is inserted into the mounting hole 261 to fit the ratchet 26 rotatably On the shaft seat 23.
  • the rotating shaft base 23 also has a limiting groove 233, and the outer side of the ratchet 26 has a limiting protrusion 26', and the limiting protrusion 26' is inserted into the limiting groove 233 to limit the rotation of the ratchet 26 relative to the rotating shaft base 23. angle.
  • the limiting groove 233 and the limiting protrusion 26' can be omitted here, and the rotation angle of the ratchet 26 relative to the shaft seat 23 can be directly limited by the presence of the locking cam 29 which will be discussed in detail later.
  • the armrest recliner 2 further includes an M spring 27 , the two ends of which abut against the rotating shaft seat 23 and the ratchet 26 respectively in the circumferential direction.
  • the inner side of the rotating shaft seat 23 also has a spring fixed point 234, back to Figure 3, the head of the ratchet 26 has a tip 263, and the two ends of the M spring 27 are respectively against the spring fixed point 234 and The tip 263 drives the pawl 26 through the shaft seat 23 .
  • the tooth plate 24 has an axially inwardly recessed groove 241
  • a ring gear 24a is provided on the peripheral wall of the groove 241
  • the ratchet 26 is accommodated in the groove 241 and has engaging teeth 26a on its peripheral edge , the locking of the ratchet 26 relative to the tooth plate 24 can be realized through the engagement of the ring gear 24a and the meshing teeth 26a.
  • the M spring 27 is always in a compressed state compared to the free state of the M spring, and it is this spring force that makes the M spring stay in the installation position, and is in an unstable state when the compression degree of the spring reaches the maximum , the M spring always tends to be locked or unlocked instead of staying in the middle position, and the pawl 26 either tends to engage (lock) with the ring gear 24a under the pushing force of the M spring 27, or tends to maintain and the ring gear 24a disengage (unlock).
  • this is a typical one-way ratchet structure: if the rotating shaft seat 23 has a clockwise (CW) direction of movement, the meshing teeth 26a will bite more tightly; if the rotating shaft seat 23 has a counterclockwise (CCW) According to the trend of movement in the direction, the engaging tooth 26a will disengage along the trend, and will be locked in the next lockable position under the drive of the M spring 27. In the unlocked state, this is a bearing with a certain damping torque.
  • the tooth plate 24 also has an axially recessed notch 242, which communicates with the groove 241 and has a flush bottom wall.
  • the armrest recliner 2 also includes a folding spring (such as a paper clip spring) 28, which folds A spring 28 is mounted in this recess 242 to act on the pawl 26 in the groove 241 .
  • the groove 241 transitions to the notch 242 through the blocking point 24b, and the periphery of the pawl 26 has a protrusion 26b. As shown in FIG. between. It should be understood that the contour of the contact area between the pawl 26 and the folding spring 28 is optimally designed to ensure that the pawl 26 is easy to enter but difficult to exit.
  • the inner side of the ratchet 26 also has an unlocking protrusion 26 ′′.
  • the bump 26" (see Fig. 5) cooperates to unlock (head up unlock).
  • the ratchet 26 also has a locking protrusion 26c, which contacts and cooperates with a locking cam 29 which will be discussed in detail later to lock (lower head locking). Accordingly, the ratchet 26 realizes the function similar to a seesaw, and there are two stable positions (locking with the head down, and unlocking with the head up). From an arrangement point of view, the lock protrusion 26c and the unlock protrusion 26" are located at different heights.
  • the armrest recliner 2 further includes a locking cam 29 , which is sleeved on a specific position of the rotating shaft 11 to trigger the locking of the pawl 26 .
  • the locking cam 29 and the gear plate 24 can rotate relatively, the rotating shaft 11 passes through the locking cam 29 , the rotating shaft 11 and the plastic bushing 12 at the end are closely matched, and the plastic bushing at the end 12 is fixed on the side panel of the backrest, and is used to eliminate the lateral shaking of the armrest recliner 2.
  • FIG. 8 the locking cam 29 and the gear plate 24 can rotate relatively, the rotating shaft 11 passes through the locking cam 29 , the rotating shaft 11 and the plastic bushing 12 at the end are closely matched, and the plastic bushing at the end 12 is fixed on the side panel of the backrest, and is used to eliminate the lateral shaking of the armrest recliner 2.
  • the locking cam 29 ′ is modified so that it has a spline matching the tooth plate 24 , and the locking cam 29 is tightened at the same time.
  • the diameter of the center hole, the plastic bushing at the end is no longer needed, and its function is equivalent to the armrest recliner with a fixed stroke of the lock.
  • the lock cam 29 correlates with the posture (direction) of the seat pan frame and the lock cam 29 through the steel wire 4, wherein the steel wire 4 is used to form a four-bar linkage, It is close to or equal to a parallelogram, so that the posture of the locking cam 29 is independent of the folding of the backrest and for example maintains a horizontal state, that is, the default locking position of the armrest is determined by the angular posture of the locking cam 29 .
  • the present invention separates the default locking position through the locking cam 29, so that when the backrest is in different postures, a similar default locking position can be obtained. stop position.
  • the ratchet has a minimum locking angle (2 degrees per click), and the locking response speed, and may use an eccentric recliner, the default locking position may not be exactly the same.
  • the lock cam 29 associates the posture of the seat pelvis frame and the lock cam 29 through a cable mechanism, wherein a pulley 51 is arranged on the lock cam 29 to adjust the angle of the backrest A pulley 51 is arranged near the device. Two pulleys 51 have equal radius and are wound around the two ends of the cable 5 respectively.
  • the lock cam 29 can not only be fixed with the connecting rod and the cable pulley, but also can be fixed with the gear or the pulley, for example, a pulley is fixed on the lock cam, and a pulley is fixed on the backrest recliner synchronous rod , with an appropriate rotation ratio (reduction ratio of the electric backrest recliner); the rotation of the backrest and the armrest can be combined by the synchronous lever of the electric backrest recliner (the rod-shaped part that drives the backrest recliner to rotate, with splines).
  • the locking cam of the recliner is associated; it can also be driven by an independent small motor through a gear pair or a pulley to rotate the locking cam.
  • the number of rotations of the small motor is related to the number of rotations of the motor that drives the backrest recliner.
  • the attitude of keeping the locking cam 29 can also be realized.
  • the auxiliary mechanisms such as the four-bar linkage mechanism and the cable mechanism mentioned here can be realized by referring to the prior art, such as the connection between the small connecting rod connecting the steel wire 4 and the lock cam 29 and the pulley 51 near the backrest recliner
  • the structure and the like will not be described in detail.
  • the rods of the attachment mechanism in the prior art can only provide sufficient strength under relatively wide conditions, but the present invention provides multi-locking gears to provide comfort adjustment through the arrangement of steel wires and cable mechanisms, etc. At the same time, the space occupation can be greatly reduced.
  • the protrusion 26b of the ratchet 26 is locked by the folding spring 28, as shown in FIG. 12, and it is not easy to come out along the CW direction under the environment of vehicle body vibration and the like.
  • the armrest assembly 1 continues to be lowered, and the rotating shaft seat 23 drives the ratchet 26 to continue to rotate in the CW direction. Under the action of the M spring 27, the ratchet 26 is always in an unlocked state, as shown in FIG. 14 .
  • the unlocking protrusion 26 ′′ of the ratchet 26 disengages from the unlocking portion 243 of the tooth plate 24, and then directly hides the unlocking portion 243 of the tooth plate 24 to make the view clearer. .
  • the armrest assembly continues to be lowered, and the locking protruding point 26c of the ratchet 26 and the locking cam 29 begin to contact, as shown in Figure 15, after crossing the apex as shown in Figure 16, the locking cam 29 forces the locking point of the ratchet 26.
  • the meshing teeth 26a are meshed with the ring gear 24a of the tooth plate 24, as shown in FIG. 17, triggering the lock, which corresponds to the flat position of the armrest assembly 1 at this moment.
  • the angle posture of the locking cam 29 determines the default locking position of the armrest. A similar default locked position is obtained when the backrest is in different positions.
  • the armrests provide support in a horizontal position regardless of whether the backrest is in the upright (forward-most) position or the reclining (rear-most) position.
  • the one-way ratchet structure formed after the lock provides one-way locking.
  • the armrest assembly bears pressure downwards and can be lifted upwards, which correspond to the locked and unlocked states in Figure 5, that is, near the horizontal position, which can be adjusted according to personal preference. , adjust the comfort within a certain range. It should be understood that because the ratchet has a minimum lock angle (2 degrees per click), and lock response speed, and may use an eccentric armrest recliner, the default lock position may not be exactly the same.
  • the span of the ring gear 24a in the circumferential direction of the groove 241 of the tooth plate 24 can be adjusted according to the length of the meshing teeth 26a and the stroke of the armrest assembly 1, thereby allowing the armrest to adjust the locking position in a large range upwards.
  • the armrest assembly 1 can be turned up manually at any position to quickly avoid entering and exiting the space, which has improved convenience.
  • the one-way ratchet structure in the locked state can provide enough abuse torque and provide multiple lockable positions to ensure comfort.
  • the bearing in the unlocked state has damping to avoid shock or injury caused by excessive lowering speed.
  • the armrest assembly 1 continues to be lifted, and the pawl 26 starts to squeeze the folding spring 28.
  • the protrusion 26b finally touches the blocking point 24b and is locked by the folding spring 28, that is, it returns to the position shown in Figure 12.
  • the pawl 26 is locked by the folding spring 28, so that the armrest assembly 1 does not make abnormal noise or fall even when the vehicle body vibrates or travels.

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  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
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  • Chairs For Special Purposes, Such As Reclining Chairs (AREA)

Abstract

一种大行程座椅扶手机构，其包括扶手总成（1）和扶手调角器（2），扶手总成（1）通过扶手调角器（2）围绕转轴（11）可转动地安装在座椅骨架（3）上，扶手调角器（2）包括转轴座（23）、棘爪（26）、齿板（24）和落锁凸轮（29），齿板（24）固定连接在座椅骨架（3）上，转轴座（23）与转轴（11）连接以在转轴（11）的驱动下同步转动，棘爪（26）在转轴座（23）和齿板（24）之间可转动地安装在转轴座（23）上并与齿板（24）配合，落锁凸轮（29）可独立转动地套设在转轴（11）上，棘爪（26）具有落锁凸尖（26c）和解锁凸点（26''），落锁凸尖（26c）与落锁凸轮（29）接触配合以实现棘爪（26）的落锁，齿板（24）具有解锁部（243），解锁凸点（26''）与解锁部（243）配合以实现棘爪（26）的解锁。该大行程座椅扶手机构，包括模块化的扶手总成（1）和扶手调角器（2），主体结构小，安装方便，扶手调角器（2）的独立转动的落锁凸轮（29）可以进行扶手总成（1）的大行程调节。

Description

一种大行程座椅扶手机构 技术领域
本发明涉及汽车座椅扶手机构，更具体地涉及一种大行程座椅扶手机构。
背景技术
汽车座椅的扶手的主要功能为给乘员的小臂及前端部分提供支撑，提高驾乘的舒适度。某些扶手也能提供杯托、桌板、信息显示、控制等其它功能。已知扶手可以从位于靠背侧面的折叠位置下放至最低位置(例如扶手与靠背呈110°)，这个运动范围被称为行程，该行程相对于靠背是固定不变的。当靠背从最前位置(Dump)经过设计位置(Des)调整至最后位置(Rear most，也称为大躺位置)时，转动的角度较大(例如可能超过70度)，扶手受限于行程将无法处于水平位置，即大躺位置扶手无法水平锁止。若扶手允许在Rear most位置水平锁止，随着靠背前倾，扶手可能在靠背处于Des位置附近和坐盆/侧板发生接触，即在扶手向下运动时，扶手调角器处于解锁状态(等同于轴承)，扶手需要运动至行程末端才能触发棘爪锁止(锁止的过程等同于轴承向单向棘轮的转变)，若与坐盆干涉，则无法触发锁止，导致扶手调角器功能失效。总之，当前的扶手调角器无法提供大行程。
发明内容
为了解决上述现有技术中的扶手调角器无法提供大行程的问题，本发明提供一种大行程座椅扶手机构。
根据本发明的大行程座椅扶手机构，其包括扶手总成和扶手调角器，其中，扶手总成通过扶手调角器围绕转轴可转动地安装在座椅骨架上，扶手调角器包括转轴座、棘爪、齿板和落锁凸轮，齿板固定连接在座椅骨架上，转轴座与转轴连接以在转轴的驱动下同步转动，棘爪在转轴座和齿板之间可转动地安装在转轴座上并与齿板配合，落锁凸轮可独立转动地套设在转轴上，棘爪具有落锁凸尖和解锁凸点，落锁凸尖与落锁凸轮接触配合以实现棘爪的落锁，齿板具有解锁部，解锁凸点与解锁部配合以实现棘爪的解锁。应该理 解，该落锁凸轮和附属机构共同构成了一个机械式或电控的角度传感器，用于达成固定位置的触发落锁和大行程。
优选地，落锁凸尖和解锁凸点位于不同的高度上。与之相区别地，现有技术中的落锁部和解锁部位于同一平面内。
优选地，落锁凸轮通过钢丝形成四连杆机构以独立确定落锁凸轮的姿态。应该理解，通过四连杆机构，落锁凸轮的姿态始终保持的一个稳定的较小范围内(手动非连续调角器，靠背和座盆同心旋转调节，从布局上四连杆可以布置为严格意义上的平行四边形，从而保证落锁凸轮姿态始终不变；而多数电动连续调角器，靠背和座盆是非同心旋转的，四连杆中的一根杆子长度因为靠背调角器的偏心旋转而小幅度波动，最终导致落锁凸轮姿态存在小幅度波动)。
优选地，落锁凸轮通过拉索机构来独立确定落锁凸轮的姿态。
优选地，扶手调角器还包括M弹簧，M弹簧的两端分别抵靠转轴座和棘爪以配合棘爪和齿板提供单向棘轮结构。
优选地，齿板具有凹槽，该凹槽的周壁上具有齿圈，棘爪容纳于该凹槽内且其周缘上具有啮合齿，通过齿圈和啮合齿的啮合来实现棘爪相对于齿板的锁定。
优选地，齿板具有与凹槽连通的凹口，扶手调角器还包括折叠弹簧，折叠弹簧安装在该凹口内以作用于凹槽内的棘爪。
优选地，凹槽通过挡点过渡至凹口，棘爪的周缘具有凸起，凸起在越过折叠弹簧之后容纳于挡点和折叠弹簧之间。应该理解，该折叠弹簧存在的目的是使扶手在上翻折叠过程中能够相对轻松地挤入折叠位置，并停留在此位置上，从折叠位置脱出较为困难(易进难出)。特别地，该折叠弹簧在优选的实施例中直接作用于棘爪，间接作用于转轴座，实际上通过结构调整，折叠弹簧也可直接作用于转轴座，实现相同的功能。
优选地，扶手总成具有转轴，其通过插拔的形式安装在扶手调角器中。应该理解，该转轴也可以固定在扶手调角器上，扶手总成插到转轴上后使用紧固件(例如螺栓)固定。
优选地，扶手调角器还包括固定连接于齿板的罩盖和固定连接于罩盖的卡簧支架，卡簧支架和转轴座位于罩盖和齿板之间。
优选地，转轴具有止退卡槽，扶手调角器还包括位于卡簧支架和转轴座之间的止退卡簧，止退卡簧通过形状配合安装保持在卡簧支架上并与止退卡槽配合。
优选地，转轴座具有安装轴，棘爪具有安装孔，安装轴***安装孔中配合以将棘爪可转动地安装在转轴座上。
优选地，转轴具有花键，转轴座具有花键槽，花键与花键槽配合以通过转轴来驱动转轴座的同步转动。
根据本发明的大行程座椅扶手机构，包括模块化的扶手总成和扶手调角器，主体结构小，附属机构灵活多变，容易在座椅骨架和面套的有限空间内进行布置，同时在各个座椅款式之间保持主体结构(基本)不变，安装方便。特别地，扶手调角器的独立转动的落锁凸轮可以进行扶手总成的大行程调节。不管靠背处于最前位置还是最后位置，扶手都能够在水平位置提供支撑，在水平位置附近，允许依据个人喜好，在一定范围内进行舒适性调节(单向锁止)。不同于常见的电动驱动(自锁)机构，根据本发明的扶手机构在任何时候能够上翻，即使断电情况下也不影响操作，进出让位方便。扶手上无需布置按钮，扶手整体可以通过插拔安装，无遮羞盖，外观简洁。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的一个优选实施例的大行程座椅扶手机构的组装示意图；
图2是图1的扶手总成的组装示意图；
图3是图1的扶手调角器的组装示意图；
图4是图3的转轴座的结构示意图；
图5示出了图3的M弹簧的作用机理；
图6示出了图3的折叠弹簧的作用机理；
图7是图3的棘爪的结构示意图；
图8示出了图3的落锁凸轮的安装；
图9示出了根据另一实施例的落锁凸轮的安装；
图10示出了图3的落锁凸轮的姿态通过钢丝关联的示意图；
图11示出了图3的落锁凸轮的姿态通过拉索关联的示意图；
图12示出了在扶手总成的折叠状态下的棘爪；
图13示出了在扶手总成的下放过程中脱出的棘爪；
图14示出了在扶手总成的下放过程中解锁的棘爪；
图15示出了在扶手总成的下放过程中开始接触落锁凸轮的棘爪；
图16示出了在扶手总成的下放过程中处于与落锁凸轮接触的临界位置的棘爪；
图17示出了在扶手总成的下放过程中落锁的棘爪；
图18示出了在扶手总成的上抬过程中解锁的棘爪；
图19示出了在扶手总成的上抬过程中滑入的棘爪。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图，给出本发明的较佳实施例，并予以详细描述。
如图1所示，根据本发明的一个优选实施例的大行程座椅扶手机构包括扶手总成1、扶手调角器2和座椅骨架3，其中，扶手总成1通过扶手调角器2可转动地安装在座椅骨架3上。具体地，座椅骨架3为座椅靠背骨架，扶手调角器2通过螺钉固定连接在座椅骨架3上。
如图2所示，扶手总成1具有转轴11，其通过插拔的形式安装在扶手调角器2(参见图1)中。具体地，转轴11具有分别与扶手调角器2配合的止退卡槽和花键。显然，这种插拔的安装形式可以使得扶手总成1具有出色的外观。
如图3所示，扶手调角器2包括罩盖21、卡簧支架22、转轴座23和齿板24，其中，外侧的罩盖21和内侧的齿板24通过螺钉固定连接在座椅骨架3(参见图1)上，卡簧支架22和转轴座23位于罩盖21和齿板24之间。具体地，罩盖21具有容纳槽211，卡簧支架22具有凸片221，凸片221***容纳槽211内以将卡簧支架22安装固定于罩盖21的内侧。特别地，该卡簧支架22可以过盈配合阻尼环222来消除异响，若需要更大的阻尼，通常在靠背骨架内侧布置旋转阻尼机构，和转轴发生关联。在卡簧支架22和转轴座23之间，扶手调角器2还包括止退卡簧25，其形状配合安装保持在卡簧支架22的内侧上并与***的转轴11(参见图2)的止退卡槽配合以保证转轴11在装入后的正常使用过程中防止脱出，即不易脱出或难以脱出，为了方便维修拆 卸，通常情况下需要允许在特定转轴姿态前提下，施加较大程度的向外拔脱力后，能够无损拆除扶手总成1。转轴座23的中心具有花键槽231，其与***的转轴11(参见图2)的花键配合以通过转轴11来驱动转轴座23的旋转。
在转轴座23和齿板24之间，扶手调角器2还包括棘爪26，其可转动地安装在转轴座23的内侧上并与齿板24配合以形成单向锁止机构。具体地，如图4所示，转轴座23的内侧具有安装轴232，回到图3，棘爪26具有安装孔261，安装轴232***安装孔261中配合以将棘爪26可转动地安装在转轴座23上。另外，转轴座23还具有限位槽233，棘爪26的外侧具有限位凸点26’，限位凸点26’***限位槽233内配合以限定棘爪26相对于转轴座23的转动角度。特别地，这里的限位槽233和限位凸点26’可以省略，通过后面将详细讨论的落锁凸轮29的存在可以直接限定棘爪26相对于转轴座23的转动角度。
在转轴座23和棘爪26之间，扶手调角器2还包括M弹簧27，其两端在周向方向上分别抵靠转轴座23和棘爪26。具体地，如图4所示，转轴座23的内侧还具有弹簧固定点234，回到图3，棘爪26的头部具有尖端263，M弹簧27的两端分别抵靠弹簧固定点234和尖端263以通过转轴座23来驱动棘爪26。如图3所示，齿板24具有轴向向内凹陷的凹槽241，该凹槽241的周壁上具有齿圈24a，棘爪26容纳于该凹槽241内且其周缘上具有啮合齿26a，通过齿圈24a和啮合齿26a的啮合可以实现棘爪26相对于齿板24的锁定。具体地，结合图5，M弹簧27相比M弹簧的自由状态始终处于压缩状态，也正是这种弹簧力使M弹簧停留在安装位置，当弹簧处于的压缩程度达到最大时处于不稳定状态，M弹簧总是趋向于落锁或解锁而不是停留在中间位置，棘爪26在M弹簧27的推力作用下要么趋向于和齿圈24a啮合(锁止)，要么趋向于保持和齿圈24a脱离(解锁)。在锁止状态下，这是一个典型的单向棘轮结构：转轴座23若有顺时针(CW)方向的运动趋势，啮合齿26a会咬合的更紧密；转轴座23若有逆时针(CCW)方向的运动趋势，啮合齿26a会顺势脱开，在M弹簧27的驱使下会在下一个可锁止位置入锁。在解锁状态下，这是一个具备一定阻尼扭矩的轴承。
回到图3，齿板24还具有轴向凹陷的凹口242，该凹口242与凹槽241连通且底壁齐平，扶手调角器2还包括折叠弹簧(例如回形针弹簧)28，折 叠弹簧28被安装在该凹口242内以作用于凹槽241内的棘爪26。具体地，凹槽241通过挡点24b过渡至凹口242，棘爪26的周缘具有凸起26b，如图6所示，凸起26b在越过折叠弹簧28之后容纳于挡点24b和折叠弹簧28之间。应该理解，棘爪26和折叠弹簧28的接触区域的轮廓进行优化设计，保证棘爪26的易进难出。另外，如图7所示，棘爪26的内侧还具有解锁凸点26”，如图3所示，齿板24在凹槽241中还具有凹陷的解锁部243，其与棘爪26的解锁凸点26”(参见图5)配合以解锁(抬头解锁)。进一步地，棘爪26还具有落锁凸尖26c，其与后面将详细讨论的落锁凸轮29接触配合以落锁(低头锁止)。据此，棘爪26实现类似跷跷板的功能，存在两个稳定位置(低头锁止，抬头解锁)。从布置的角度上，落锁凸尖26c和解锁凸点26”位于不同的高度上。
回到图3，扶手调角器2还包括落锁凸轮29，其套设在转轴11的特定位置以触发棘爪26落锁。在本实施例中，如图8所示，落锁凸轮29和齿板24能够相对转动，转轴11穿过落锁凸轮29，转轴11和末端的塑料衬套12紧密配合，末端的塑料衬套12固定在靠背侧板上，用于消除扶手调角器2的侧向晃动。在另一实施例中，如图9所示，在保持齿板24不变的情况下，更改落锁凸轮29’，使其具备与齿板24匹配的花键，同时收紧落锁凸轮29’的中心孔直径，此时不再需要末端的塑料衬套，其功能等同于落锁行程固定的扶手调角器。该种设计提供了完备的平台化解决方案，在接口保持不变的情况下能够提供固定行程和自适应行程。
在本实施例中，如图10所示，该落锁凸轮29通过钢丝4来关联坐盆骨架和落锁凸轮29的姿态(指向)，其中，钢丝4被用来形成一个四连杆机构，接近或等同于平行四边形，从而使得落锁凸轮29的姿态独立于靠背的翻折而例如保持水平状态，即通过落锁凸轮29的角度姿态来决定扶手的默认锁止位置。相对于通常将默认锁止位置集成在固定的罩盖上的现有技术，本发明通过落锁凸轮29将默认锁止位置独立出来，使靠背处于不同的姿态时，都能获得相似的默认锁止位置。另外，由于棘轮存在最小落锁角度(2度一格)，和落锁响应速度，同时可能使用偏心的调角器，因此默认锁止位置并不一定完全一致。
在另一个实施例中，如图11所示，该落锁凸轮29通过拉索机构来关 联坐盆骨架和落锁凸轮29的姿态，其中，落锁凸轮29上布置一个滑轮51，靠背调角器附近布置一个滑轮51，两滑轮51半径相等且分别缠绕拉索5的两端，拉索51配合扭簧52，实现两个滑轮51转动角度直接关联，实现保持落锁凸轮29的姿态。
进一步地，落锁凸轮29不仅可以和连杆、拉索滑轮固定，也可以和齿轮或带轮固定，例如一个带轮固定在落锁凸轮上，一个带轮固定在靠背调角器同步杆上，配合适当的转动比(电动靠背调角器的减速比)；可以通过靠背电动调角器的同步杆(驱动靠背调角器转动的杆状零件，带有花键)将靠背的转动和扶手调角器的落锁凸轮相关联；也可以通过一个独立的小马达通过齿轮副或带轮驱动落锁凸轮的转动，小马达的转动圈数和驱动靠背调角器转动的电机转动圈数关联，同样能够实现保持落锁凸轮29的姿态。应该理解，这里提到的四连杆机构和拉索机构等附属机构借鉴于现有技术能够实现，例如连接钢丝4和落锁凸轮29的小连杆和靠背调角器附近的滑轮51的连接结构等将不再进行详细阐述。特别地，现有技术中的附属机构的杆件在较宽的条件下才能提供足够的强度，而本发明通过钢丝和拉索机构等的设置在提供多锁止档位以提供舒适性调节的同时，还可以极大地减小空间占用。
下面详细说明大行程座椅扶手机构的扶手总成1的下放和抬起过程。
在扶手总成1的折叠状态下，棘爪26的凸起26b借助于折叠弹簧28卡制，如图12所示，不易在车身振动等环境下沿着CW方向脱出。
较大外力沿CW方向转动扶手总成1使其下放，使得转轴座23沿CW方向转动，棘爪26的凸起26b向下压迫折叠弹簧28以越过折叠弹簧28移动，如图13所示。在从图12运动到图13的脱出状态的过程中，棘爪26的内侧的解锁凸点26”(参见图7)受齿板24的解锁部243限制，棘爪26始终保持解锁状态。
扶手总成1继续下放，转轴座23带动棘爪26继续沿CW方向转动，在M弹簧27的作用下，棘爪26始终处于解锁状态，如图14所示。在从图13运动到图14的下放过程中，棘爪26的解锁凸点26”与齿板24的解锁部243脱开，此后直接隐藏该齿板24的解锁部243以使得视图更为清楚。
扶手总成继续下放，棘爪26的落锁凸尖26c和落锁凸轮29开始发生接触，如图15所示，在越过如图16所示的顶点之后，落锁凸轮29迫使棘爪 26的啮合齿26a与齿板24的齿圈24a啮合，如图17所示，触发落锁，此时对应于扶手总成1的放平位置。显然，在扶手总成的下放过程中，落锁凸轮29的角度姿态决定扶手的默认锁止位置。当靠背处于不同的姿态时，都能获得相似的默认锁止位置。也就是说，不管靠背处于竖直(最前)位置还是大躺(最后)位置，扶手都能够在水平位置提供支撑。落锁后形成的单向棘轮结构提供单向锁止，扶手总成向下承压，向上能够抬起，分别对应于图5的锁止和解锁状态，即在水平位置附近，允许依据个人喜好，在一定范围内进行舒适性调节。应该理解，由于棘轮存在最小落锁角度(2度一格)，和落锁响应速度，同时可能使用偏心的扶手调角器，因此默认锁止位置并不一定完全一致。应该理解，齿圈24a在齿板24的凹槽241的周向上的跨度，可以根据啮合齿26a的长度和扶手总成1的行程进行调节，从而允许扶手向上较大范围内调整锁止位置，适应多种体态和姿势，改进舒适性。而且，扶手总成1能够在任意位置通过手动上翻，快速避让进出空间，具有改进的便利性。显然，锁止状态下的单向棘轮结构可以提供足够的滥用扭矩，并且提供多个可锁止的位置保证舒适性，解锁状态下的轴承具有阻尼，避免下放速度过快造成惊吓或伤害。
外力沿CCW方向转动扶手总成1使其抬起，使得转轴座23沿CCW方向转动，棘爪26的解锁凸点26”和齿板24的解锁部243发生接触，使棘爪26翘起，脱离啮合，并在M弹簧27的作用下保持解锁状态，如图18所示。
扶手总成1继续抬起，棘爪26开始挤压折叠弹簧28，如图19所示，等完全越过折叠弹簧28后，凸起26b最终接触挡点24b并通过折叠弹簧28卡制，即回复到图12所示的位置。显然，通过折叠弹簧28卡住棘爪26，使扶手总成1即使在车身振动或行驶过程中不发生异响或掉落。
以上所述的，仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并非用以限定本发明的范围，本发明的上述实施例还可以做出各种变化。即凡是依据本发明申请的权利要求书及说明书内容所作的简单、等效变化与修饰，皆落入本发明专利的权利要求保护范围。本发明未详尽描述的均为常规技术内容。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种大行程座椅扶手机构，其特征在于，该大行程座椅扶手机构包括扶手总成和扶手调角器，其中，扶手总成通过扶手调角器围绕转轴可转动地安装在座椅骨架上，扶手调角器包括转轴座、棘爪、齿板和落锁凸轮，齿板固定连接在座椅骨架上，转轴座与转轴连接以在转轴的驱动下同步转动，棘爪在转轴座和齿板之间可转动地安装在转轴座上并与齿板配合，落锁凸轮相对于齿板可独立转动地套设在转轴上，齿板具有齿圈，棘爪具有落锁凸尖和解锁凸点，落锁凸尖与落锁凸轮接触配合以迫使棘爪的啮合齿与齿圈啮合以实现棘爪的落锁，齿板具有解锁部，解锁凸点与解锁部配合以始终保持棘爪的解锁状态。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的大行程座椅扶手机构，其特征在于，落锁凸尖和解锁凸点位于不同的高度上。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的大行程座椅扶手机构，其特征在于，落锁凸轮通过钢丝形成四连杆机构以独立确定落锁凸轮的姿态。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的大行程座椅扶手机构，其特征在于，落锁凸轮通过拉索机构来独立确定落锁凸轮的姿态。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的大行程座椅扶手机构，其特征在于，扶手调角器还包括M弹簧，M弹簧的两端分别抵靠转轴座和棘爪以配合棘爪和齿板提供单向棘轮结构。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的大行程座椅扶手机构，其特征在于，齿板具有凹槽，该凹槽的周壁上具有齿圈，棘爪容纳于该凹槽内且其周缘上具有啮合齿，通过齿圈和啮合齿的啮合来实现棘爪相对于齿板的锁定。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的大行程座椅扶手机构，其特征在于，齿板具有与凹槽连通的凹口，扶手调角器还包括折叠弹簧，折叠弹簧安装在该凹口内以作用于凹槽内的棘爪。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的大行程座椅扶手机构，其特征在于，凹槽通过挡点过渡至凹口，棘爪的周缘具有凸起，凸起在越过折叠弹簧之后容纳于挡点和折叠弹簧之间。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的大行程座椅扶手机构，其特征在于，扶手总成具有转轴，其通过插拔的形式安装在扶手调角器中。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的大行程座椅扶手机构，其特征在于，扶手调 角器还包括固定连接于齿板的罩盖和固定连接于罩盖的卡簧支架，卡簧支架和转轴座位于罩盖和齿板之间。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的大行程座椅扶手机构，其特征在于，转轴具有止退卡槽，扶手调角器还包括位于卡簧支架和转轴座之间的止退卡簧，止退卡簧通过形状配合安装保持在卡簧支架上并与止退卡槽配合。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的大行程座椅扶手机构，其特征在于，转轴座具有安装轴，棘爪具有安装孔，安装轴***安装孔中配合以将棘爪可转动地安装在转轴座上。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的大行程座椅扶手机构，其特征在于，转轴具有花键，转轴座具有花键槽，花键与花键槽配合以通过转轴来驱动转轴座的同步转动。
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