WO2022227497A1 - Mutual inductance parameter identification method and device for wireless charging system - Google Patents

Mutual inductance parameter identification method and device for wireless charging system Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2022227497A1
WO2022227497A1 PCT/CN2021/130461 CN2021130461W WO2022227497A1 WO 2022227497 A1 WO2022227497 A1 WO 2022227497A1 CN 2021130461 W CN2021130461 W CN 2021130461W WO 2022227497 A1 WO2022227497 A1 WO 2022227497A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mutual inductance
wireless charging
charging system
voltage
identification
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/130461
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王蕾
吴旭升
孙盼
孙军
蔡进
梁彦
谢海浪
Original Assignee
中国人民解放军海军工程大学
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 filed Critical 中国人民解放军海军工程大学
Publication of WO2022227497A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022227497A1/en

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
    • H02J7/06—Regulation of charging current or voltage using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/36—Means for starting or stopping converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/3353—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having at least two simultaneously operating switches on the input side, e.g. "double forward" or "double (switched) flyback" converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
    • H02M7/53871—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
    • H03H11/00—Networks using active elements
    • H03H11/02—Multiple-port networks
    • H03H11/28—Impedance matching networks
    • H03H11/30—Automatic matching of source impedance to load impedance
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of wireless power transmission, and more particularly, relates to a method and device for identifying mutual inductance parameters of a wireless charging system.
  • Wireless charging systems are widely used in various fields, such as the field of electric vehicles.
  • the mutual inductance parameters of the wireless charging system need to be known to facilitate subsequent load parameter identification and system regulation.
  • the advantage of wireless charging compared to traditional plug-in charging piles is that charging does not require physical contact. It only needs to wirelessly transmit energy from the transmitter coil to the receiver coil through magnetic field coupling, eliminating the need for traditional charging methods.
  • the complex operation process of plug-in and plug-in, and the wireless charging has no electrical interconnection, the safety factor is higher in comparison.
  • the system transmission efficiency and transmission power are significantly affected by the magnetic coupling strength and the displacement between coils.
  • the mutual inductance identification methods for wireless power transmission systems mainly include the following methods, but all have certain problems.
  • the first method is the method of mutual inductance identification from the source side.
  • the premise of this method is that the load is known.
  • the load is often unknown and variable.
  • the second method is to establish a differential equation for the SS topology.
  • the identification of mutual inductance and load is obtained by solving the fourth-order differential equation, but the realization process of this method is very complicated, and it is not suitable for the WPT system based on the composite topology compensation network.
  • the rectifier load is assumed to be a pure resistive load, which takes advantage of the particularity of the SS topology and is limited to the use of the SS topology;
  • the fourth method is to use the auxiliary circuit to switch the capacitor to make the system work in two operating modes.
  • the binary equations are established respectively, and the identification values of the load and mutual inductance are obtained by solving the equations.
  • the principle of this method is simple and easy to understand, but the identification must be completed by adding auxiliary circuits, which increases the system complexity and system cost.
  • the particularity of the parallel compensation network he proposed a load and mutual inductance identification method under steady-state conditions, which is only applicable to the WPT system based on the parallel compensation network on the receiving side.
  • the present invention provides a method and device for identifying mutual inductance parameters of a wireless charging system.
  • the method for identifying mutual inductance using the soft start process of the wireless charging system is convenient and simple, and reduces the cost of
  • the detection circuit is difficult to implement, and no auxiliary circuit is required, nor is it necessary to know the load in advance.
  • the wireless charging system includes a power module, an inverter, a transmitting coil, a receiving coil and a compensation network.
  • the method include:
  • circuit parameters and the initial voltage of the battery pack to be charged determine the boundary condition that can realize mutual inductance identification, and the boundary condition makes the DC output voltage of the wireless charging system less than the initial voltage of the battery pack to be charged;
  • the boundary condition of the mutual inductance identification is the amplitude of the fundamental wave component of the output voltage of the inverter.
  • the corresponding mutual inductance identification operating point is the system operating frequency and the phase shift angle of the inverter; if it is determined to use the soft start method of controlling the output DC voltage of the power supply module , then the corresponding mutual inductance identification operating point is the system operating frequency and the output DC voltage of the power module.
  • the system operating frequency of the mutual inductance identification operating point is lower than the resonant frequency of the receiving coil side.
  • the compensation network is an LCC-LCC type compensation network, or an SP type compensation network, or a PP type compensation network, or an LCL-LCL type compensation network.
  • the circuit parameters include the stray resistance of the capacitance of the compensation network, the stray resistance of the inductance of the compensation network, the stray resistance of the transmitting coil and the stray resistance of the receiving coil.
  • the RMS current and the RMS voltage at the preset location are the RMS current flowing through the transmitting coil and the RMS voltage at both ends of the parallel compensation capacitor on the transmitting side.
  • the calculation of the mutual inductance parameter includes the steps of:
  • a mutual inductance parameter identification device for a wireless charging system includes a power module, an inverter, a transmitting coil, a receiving coil and a compensation network, and the device includes a control module and a driver circuit;
  • the control module is used to determine the boundary conditions that can realize mutual inductance identification according to the circuit parameters and the initial voltage of the battery pack to be charged, and is also used to determine the soft start mode of the wireless charging system and the corresponding mutual inductance identification working point, and is also used to adopt the determined mutual inductance identification.
  • the soft start mode controls the drive circuit to generate a drive signal to the wireless charging system to start the wireless charging system and control the wireless charging system to work within the determined boundary conditions and the boundary conditions of the mutual inductance identification operating point, and is also used to receive the transmitter coil side pre-aware. Calculate the mutual inductance parameters of the wireless charging system based on the current RMS and voltage RMS at the location.
  • the corresponding mutual inductance identification operating point is the system operating frequency and the phase-shift angle of the inverter; if the soft-start mode that controls the output DC voltage of the power module is selected , then the corresponding mutual inductance identification operating point is the system operating frequency and the output DC voltage of the power module.
  • the present invention has beneficial effects: the method for mutual inductance identification using the soft start process of the wireless charging system only needs to detect the effective values of the voltage and current signals preset on the transmitting side, and then calculate the The mutual inductance parameter is obtained, the detection method is convenient and simple, the realization difficulty of the detection circuit is reduced, and the auxiliary circuit is not required, and the load is not required to be known in advance.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a wireless charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is the definition of inverter drive signal, output signal and phase shift angle according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a wireless charging system including an LCC-LCC compensation network according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 4 is the variation trend diagram of the equivalent impedance modulus
  • Fig. 6 is the variation trend diagram of U c2_p with mutual inductance parameter M, system operating frequency f and U inv_f_p according to the embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of a mutual inductance identification device and a wireless charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a mutual inductance identification method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a method for identifying mutual inductance parameters of a wireless charging system is applied to a wireless charging system.
  • the wireless charging system includes a power module, an inverter, a transmitting coil, a receiving coil and a compensation network.
  • the mutual inductance parameter identification method includes the following steps:
  • circuit parameters and the initial voltage of the battery pack to be charged determine the boundary condition that can realize mutual inductance identification, and the boundary condition makes the DC output voltage of the wireless charging system less than the initial voltage of the battery pack to be charged;
  • the composition of the wireless charging system for electric vehicles based on the wireless power transfer technology (WPT) according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 1 .
  • WPT wireless power transfer technology
  • the DC power module converts the AC mains with an effective value of 220V into DC through a rectifier bridge, and the DC passes through a DC/DC converter and a rectifier and voltage regulator capacitor C in to provide a stable input DC voltage U dc .
  • the DC power U dc output by the DC power module is converted into a high-frequency square wave and input to the compensation network 1 after being inverted by a high-frequency full-bridge inverter composed of four MOSFETs from T 1 to T 4 .
  • L 1 and L 2 are the self-inductances of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil, respectively, and M is the mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil.
  • M is the mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil.
  • the mutual inductance value The size of M is affected by the lateral dislocation of the two coils and the longitudinal distance; the compensation network and the coil form a resonance network to compensate for the reactive power required by the transmitting coil and the receiving coil to transmit energy, and at the same time play the role of filtering.
  • the compensation network has many different topological structures, including SS type, SP type, PS type, PP type, LCL-LCL type, LCC-LCC type, LCC-S type, etc.
  • the present invention is mainly suitable for A wireless charging system including an LCC-LCC type compensation network, or an SP type compensation network, or a PP type compensation network, or an LCL-LCL type compensation network. What they have in common is that the compensation network on the receiving coil side is a non-series compensation network.
  • the receiving coil side can still form Therefore, the mutual inductance parameter identification method and device of the present invention can be used, and the mutual inductance identification method using the soft start process of the wireless charging system can be used to obtain the mutual inductance parameters by detecting the rms value of the preset voltage and current signals on the transmitting side.
  • the overall idea and process of the identification method and device described later are applicable to these compensation networks.
  • the following specific calculation model and calculation formula are mainly based on the wireless charging system including the LCC-LCC compensation network shown in FIG. 3 , which is used as an example to further illustrate the technical solution of the present invention.
  • any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made by those skilled in the art to establish suitable models and calculation formulas for other types of compensation networks to solve mutual inductance parameters shall be included in the protection of the present invention. within the range.
  • diodes D 1 to D 4 and output filter capacitors C o form a rectifier and filter circuit, and the high-frequency alternating current output from the compensation network 2 is converted into direct current through rectification and filtering to charge the battery pack.
  • U o and I o are the battery charging voltage and charging current, respectively.
  • C in and C o are the system input and output filters, respectively;
  • U dc and I dc are the DC input voltage and DC input current, respectively;
  • u inv and i inv are the inverter output voltage and output current, respectively;
  • u rec and i rec are the input voltage and input current of the front end of the rectifier bridge, respectively.
  • the wireless charging system uses a soft start method to provide power.
  • soft start method There are two ways to achieve soft start: one, by changing the phase shift angle ⁇ of the high-frequency full-bridge inverter to achieve soft start; the other, by changing the output voltage U dc of the DC power module to achieve soft start.
  • the two soft-start modes are described in detail below.
  • the first way is to realize soft start by changing the phase shift angle of the high frequency full-bridge inverter.
  • the definition of the phase shift angle is shown in Figure 2.
  • the effective value of the fundamental wave component of the inverter output voltage U inv_f , the phase shift angle ⁇ and the DC input voltage U dc satisfy the equation (1).
  • the inverter output voltage can be slowly increased, thereby achieve soft start.
  • the second method is to realize soft start by changing the output voltage U dc of the DC power module.
  • the principle is as follows: the equivalent power module in Figure 1 is composed of a rectifier bridge and a DC/DC converter, and the phase shift angle ⁇ of the full-bridge inverter is kept fixed at 180 °, by adjusting the duty ratio of the DC/DC converter to make the output DC voltage U dc rise slowly to achieve soft start.
  • the DC/DC converter adopts a Buck-Boost step-up and step-up converter. At this time, the output voltage U dc of the converter and the duty cycle D satisfy the formula (2).
  • Lithium-ion power batteries are widely used in electric vehicles because of their high operating voltage, large specific energy, long cycle life, low self-discharge rate, and no memory effect.
  • the operating voltage range is one of the most important technical parameters of this type of battery, which is determined by the minimum discharge cut-off voltage U min and the highest charge cut-off voltage U max .
  • the minimum discharge cut-off voltage U min refers to the lowest voltage that can be discharged without damaging the battery;
  • the maximum charge cut-off voltage U max refers to the highest voltage that the battery can reach within a safe range during charging. Overcharging or overdischarging the battery will cause irreversible damage to the battery, such as excessive capacity attenuation, reduced life span, etc., or even burn the battery. Therefore, the electric vehicle power battery pack needs to be equipped with a corresponding charge and discharge protection circuit to achieve the balance of charge and discharge of the lithium battery and to control the overcharge and overdischarge of the power lithium battery.
  • the initial voltage U Bat-initial of the battery pack to be charged is not zero, and is greater than the minimum discharge cut-off voltage U min , that is, U Bat-initial > U min .
  • U inv_f represents the effective value of the fundamental wave component of the inverter output voltage.
  • U inv_f represents the effective value of the fundamental wave component of the inverter output voltage.
  • U inv_f represents the effective value of the fundamental wave component of the inverter output voltage.
  • the initial voltage U Bat-initial of the rechargeable battery pack Therefore, within this voltage range, the rectifier bridge is equivalent to an open circuit, which means that the battery load is not connected to the system. If the system compensation network and coil parameters are known, the mutual inductance M can be identified by using this voltage range.
  • the topology of the LCC-LCC compensation network is shown in Figure 3.
  • the compensation network consists of L 1 , C 1 , and C p on the transmitting side and L s , C s , and C 2 on the receiving side.
  • L p and L s are the transmitting
  • M is the mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil
  • R L1 , R Lp , R Ls , and R L2 are the stray resistances of L 1 , L p , L s and L 2 respectively
  • U Bat_initial It is the initial voltage of the battery pack to be charged.
  • the parameters of the compensation network are designed according to formula (3), where ⁇ op and ⁇ os are the natural resonant angular frequencies of the transmitting side and the receiving side, respectively. Considering that the inverter works under soft switching conditions, and the actual capacitance and inductance are different from the ideal value, and each element has stray resistance, the compensation network cannot fully resonate.
  • the diode rectifier bridge on the receiving side is equivalent to an open circuit.
  • the dotted line in Figure 3 indicates that the diode does not have the conduction condition at this time.
  • ⁇ is the actual working angular frequency of the system
  • R s and X s are the real and imaginary parts of Z s , respectively.
  • Equation (6) the reflection impedance Z sp is expressed as Equation (6)
  • Z p can be represented by formula (7)
  • Equation (8) is established by combining Equation (7),
  • Equation (8) Substitute the measured value into Equation (8), and solve Equation (8) to obtain the mutual inductance identification value M iden .
  • the system parameters in Table 3 are simulated to verify the correctness of the above analysis.
  • the parameters listed in this table are also the parameters of the system used in this experiment, and the parameters in the table are all measured by a hand-held power analyzer. Obtain the resonant frequency of the receiving side according to the system parameters in Table 3
  • the minimum discharge cut-off voltage U Bat_min is taken as the boundary condition of the battery pack voltage that can realize mutual inductance identification by soft start, then at this time , the relationship between the voltage amplitude U rec_p at the front end of the rectifier, the amplitude U c2_p and U Bat_min of the voltage across the compensation capacitor C 2 satisfies the inequality (12),
  • the open-circuit voltage at the front end of the rectifier is equal to the voltage across the compensation capacitor C2 , and its amplitude is less than 4U Bat_min / ⁇ .
  • Z 2 Z Ls -Z m +Z cs +Z c2
  • Z 1 Z cp +Z Lp -Z m +Z 2 //Z m
  • Z L1 R 1 +j ⁇ L 1
  • Z cp 1/j ⁇ C p
  • Z c1 1/j ⁇ C 1
  • Z Lp R Lp +j ⁇ L p
  • Z m j ⁇ M
  • Z Ls R Ls +j ⁇ L s
  • Z cs 1/j ⁇ C s
  • Z c2 1/j ⁇ C 2 .
  • Figure 6(a) is the change trend diagram of U inv_f_p when the frequencies are 86kHz, 85kHz, 84kHz, respectively, when the frequencies are 6V, 7V, 8V, 9V, and 10V
  • Figure 6(b) is when the frequencies are 86kHz, 85kHz, At 84kHz, the corresponding change trend of mutual inductance is 15 ⁇ H, 23 ⁇ H, and 31 ⁇ H.
  • a mutual inductance parameter identification device of a wireless charging system is applied to a wireless charging system, and the device includes a control module and a driving circuit.
  • the control module can use DSP.
  • the control module is used to determine the boundary conditions that can realize mutual inductance identification according to the circuit parameters and the initial voltage of the battery pack to be charged. It is also used to determine the soft start mode of the wireless charging system and the corresponding mutual inductance identification working point. It is also used to use the determined soft start.
  • the method controls the drive circuit to generate a drive signal to the wireless charging system to start the wireless charging system and control the wireless charging system to work within the determined boundary conditions and the boundary conditions of the mutual inductance identification operating point, and is also used to receive the current preset on the transmitter coil side.
  • RMS and voltage RMS calculate the mutual inductance parameters of the wireless charging system.
  • the related parameters of the car battery pack (known U Bat_min ) and circuit parameters are known in the DSP module.
  • a method for identifying mutual inductance parameters of a wireless charging system includes the steps:
  • the first step is to know the circuit parameters and battery pack parameters of the wireless charging system and save them to the DSP;
  • the mutual inductance identification boundary condition U inv_f_p is determined in advance by the aforementioned method, and the corresponding mutual inductance identification operating points (f, ⁇ ) and (f, U dc ) are selected according to different soft-start modes;
  • the third step is to generate a corresponding drive signal according to the result calculated in the second step, to control the high-frequency inverter circuit or the DC/DC converter to generate the inverter output voltage fundamental component amplitude U inv_f_p required for the second step;
  • the current transformer and the voltage transformer measure the steady-state effective values U c1_mea and I p_mea of u c1 and ip respectively , and feed them back to the DSP digital signal processor ; , and then calculate the mutual inductance identification value M iden according to formula (11).
  • the methods are not necessarily executed in sequence, and as long as it cannot be inferred from the execution logic that the methods must be executed in a certain sequence, it means that the methods can be executed in any other possible sequence.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

A mutual inductance parameter identification method and device for a wireless charging system. The method comprises the steps of: obtaining circuit parameters of a wireless charging system and an initial voltage of a battery pack to be charged; determining, according to the circuit parameters and the initial voltage of said battery pack, a boundary condition capable of realizing mutual inductance identification; determining a soft start mode of the wireless charging system and corresponding mutual inductance identification working point boundary conditions; starting the wireless charging system by using the determined soft start mode, and controlling the wireless charging system to work in the determined boundary condition and the mutual inductance identification working point boundary conditions; and measuring the current and voltage flowing through a preset position of a transmitting coil side, and calculating a mutual inductance parameter of the wireless charging system. According to the solution, a soft start process of the wireless charging system is used for mutual inductance identification, the detection method is convenient and simple, the implementation difficulty of the detection circuit is reduced, no auxiliary circuit is needed, and a load does not need to be known in advance.

Description

一种无线充电***的互感参数辨识方法及装置A method and device for identifying mutual inductance parameters of a wireless charging system 【技术领域】【Technical field】
本发明属于无线电能传输技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种无线充电***的互感参数辨识方法及装置。The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless power transmission, and more particularly, relates to a method and device for identifying mutual inductance parameters of a wireless charging system.
【背景技术】【Background technique】
无线充电***广泛应用各个领域，例如电动汽车领域。在一些应用场景中，需要获知无线充电***的互感参数，以便于后续的负载参数辨识及***调控。例如，在电动汽车领域，无线充电相较于传统插拔式充电桩，其优越性在于充电无需物理接触，只需通过磁场耦合将能量由发射线圈无线传输至接收线圈，省去了传统充电方式的插拔式复杂操作过程，且无线充电无电气互连，相较而言安全系数更高。然而，对于无线充电而言，***传输效率及传输功率受磁耦合强度及线圈间位移的显著影响。实际上，对于电动汽车，车主停车时不可避免地会造成接收线圈与发射线圈间的错位而直接影响其耦合系数，进而影响***输出性能，因此有必要通过有效手段获得其线圈间的互感参数，以便于后续的负载参数辨识及***调控。Wireless charging systems are widely used in various fields, such as the field of electric vehicles. In some application scenarios, the mutual inductance parameters of the wireless charging system need to be known to facilitate subsequent load parameter identification and system regulation. For example, in the field of electric vehicles, the advantage of wireless charging compared to traditional plug-in charging piles is that charging does not require physical contact. It only needs to wirelessly transmit energy from the transmitter coil to the receiver coil through magnetic field coupling, eliminating the need for traditional charging methods. The complex operation process of plug-in and plug-in, and the wireless charging has no electrical interconnection, the safety factor is higher in comparison. However, for wireless charging, the system transmission efficiency and transmission power are significantly affected by the magnetic coupling strength and the displacement between coils. In fact, for electric vehicles, when the car owner parks, it will inevitably cause the misalignment between the receiving coil and the transmitting coil, which will directly affect the coupling coefficient, thereby affecting the output performance of the system. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain the mutual inductance parameters between the coils by effective means. In order to facilitate subsequent load parameter identification and system control.
现有技术中针对无线电能传输***互感识别方法主要有以下几种方式，但是都存在一定问题。方式一，从源侧进行互感辨识的方法，该方法实现的前提是负载已知，然而，实际情况中，很多时候负载是未知且可变的；方式二，针对SS拓扑建立微分方程的方法，通过求解四阶微分方程获得互感及负载的辨识，但该方法实现过程非常复杂，且不适用于基于复合型拓扑补偿网络的WPT***；方式三，用于SS拓扑的互感与负载辨识方法，其实现的前提是假定整流器负载为一个纯电阻负载，利用了SS拓扑结构的特殊性，局限于SS拓扑使用；方式四，借助辅助电路切换电容使***工作在两种运行模式下，在两种工作模式下分别建立二元方程，通过解方程获得负载与互感的辨识值，该方法原理简单易懂，但须通过增加辅助电路完成辨识，增加了***复杂性与***成本；方 式五，利用接收侧并联补偿网络的特殊性，他提出了一种稳态条件下的负载和互感辨识方法，仅适用于基于接收侧并联补偿网络的WPT***。In the prior art, the mutual inductance identification methods for wireless power transmission systems mainly include the following methods, but all have certain problems. The first method is the method of mutual inductance identification from the source side. The premise of this method is that the load is known. However, in practice, the load is often unknown and variable. The second method is to establish a differential equation for the SS topology. The identification of mutual inductance and load is obtained by solving the fourth-order differential equation, but the realization process of this method is very complicated, and it is not suitable for the WPT system based on the composite topology compensation network. The premise of realization is that the rectifier load is assumed to be a pure resistive load, which takes advantage of the particularity of the SS topology and is limited to the use of the SS topology; the fourth method is to use the auxiliary circuit to switch the capacitor to make the system work in two operating modes. In the mode, the binary equations are established respectively, and the identification values of the load and mutual inductance are obtained by solving the equations. The principle of this method is simple and easy to understand, but the identification must be completed by adding auxiliary circuits, which increases the system complexity and system cost. The particularity of the parallel compensation network, he proposed a load and mutual inductance identification method under steady-state conditions, which is only applicable to the WPT system based on the parallel compensation network on the receiving side.
【发明内容】[Content of the invention]
针对现有技术的至少一个缺陷或改进需求，本发明提供了一种无线充电***的互感参数辨识方法及装置，利用无线充电***软起动过程进行互感辨识的方法，检测方法方便又简单，降低了检测电路实现难度，且不需要辅助电路，也不需要预先获知负载。Aiming at at least one defect or improvement requirement of the prior art, the present invention provides a method and device for identifying mutual inductance parameters of a wireless charging system. The method for identifying mutual inductance using the soft start process of the wireless charging system is convenient and simple, and reduces the cost of The detection circuit is difficult to implement, and no auxiliary circuit is required, nor is it necessary to know the load in advance.
为实现上述目的，按照本发明的第一方面，提供了一种无线充电***的互感参数辨识方法，所述无线充电***包括电源模块、逆变器、发射线圈、接收线圈和补偿网络，该方法包括：In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a method for identifying mutual inductance parameters of a wireless charging system is provided. The wireless charging system includes a power module, an inverter, a transmitting coil, a receiving coil and a compensation network. The method include:
获取无线充电***的电路参数以及待充电电池组的初始电压；Obtain the circuit parameters of the wireless charging system and the initial voltage of the battery pack to be charged;
根据电路参数以及待充电电池组的初始电压确定可实现互感辨识的边界条件，该边界条件使得无线充电***的直流输出电压小于待充电电池组的初始电压；According to the circuit parameters and the initial voltage of the battery pack to be charged, determine the boundary condition that can realize mutual inductance identification, and the boundary condition makes the DC output voltage of the wireless charging system less than the initial voltage of the battery pack to be charged;
确定无线充电***软启动方式及相应的互感辨识工作点边界条件；Determine the soft start mode of the wireless charging system and the corresponding boundary conditions of the working point of mutual inductance identification;
采用确定的软启动方式启动无线充电***，并控制无线充电***工作在确定的边界条件内和互感辨识工作点边界条件内；Start the wireless charging system in a determined soft-start mode, and control the wireless charging system to work within the determined boundary conditions and the boundary conditions of the mutual inductance identification operating point;
测量流经发射线圈侧预设处的电流有效值和电压有效值，计算无线充电***的互感参数。Measure the current RMS and voltage RMS flowing through the preset on the transmitter coil side, and calculate the mutual inductance parameters of the wireless charging system.
优选的，所述互感辨识的边界条件为逆变器输出电压基波分量幅值。Preferably, the boundary condition of the mutual inductance identification is the amplitude of the fundamental wave component of the output voltage of the inverter.
优选的，若确定采用控制逆变器移相角的软起动方式，则相应的互感辨识工作点为***工作频率及逆变器移相角；若确定采用控制电源模块输出直流电压的软起动方式，则相应的互感辨识工作点为***工作频率及电源模块输出直流电压。Preferably, if it is determined to use the soft start method of controlling the phase shift angle of the inverter, the corresponding mutual inductance identification operating point is the system operating frequency and the phase shift angle of the inverter; if it is determined to use the soft start method of controlling the output DC voltage of the power supply module , then the corresponding mutual inductance identification operating point is the system operating frequency and the output DC voltage of the power module.
优选的，互感辨识工作点的***工作频率小于接收线圈侧的谐振频率。Preferably, the system operating frequency of the mutual inductance identification operating point is lower than the resonant frequency of the receiving coil side.
优选的，所述补偿网络为LCC-LCC型补偿网络、或SP型补偿网络、或PP型补偿网络、或LCL-LCL型补偿网络。Preferably, the compensation network is an LCC-LCC type compensation network, or an SP type compensation network, or a PP type compensation network, or an LCL-LCL type compensation network.
优选的，所述电路参数包括补偿网络的电容的杂散电阻、补偿网络的电感的杂散电阻、发射线圈的杂散电阻和接收线圈的杂散电阻。Preferably, the circuit parameters include the stray resistance of the capacitance of the compensation network, the stray resistance of the inductance of the compensation network, the stray resistance of the transmitting coil and the stray resistance of the receiving coil.
优选的，所述预设处的电流有效值和电压有效值是流经发射线圈的电流有效值以及发射侧并联补偿电容两端的电压有效值。Preferably, the RMS current and the RMS voltage at the preset location are the RMS current flowing through the transmitting coil and the RMS voltage at both ends of the parallel compensation capacitor on the transmitting side.
优选的，所述互感参数的计算包括步骤：Preferably, the calculation of the mutual inductance parameter includes the steps of:
根据发射线圈侧预设处的电流有效值和电压有效值计算等效阻抗模；Calculate the equivalent impedance mode according to the current RMS and voltage RMS preset at the transmitter coil side;
建立等效阻抗模与互感参数的函数，根据函数计算互感参数。The function of equivalent impedance mode and mutual inductance parameters is established, and the mutual inductance parameters are calculated according to the function.
按照本发明的第二方面，提供了一种无线充电***的互感参数辨识装置，所述无线充电***包括电源模块、逆变器、发射线圈、接收线圈以及补偿网络，该装置包括控制模块和驱动电路；According to a second aspect of the present invention, a mutual inductance parameter identification device for a wireless charging system is provided, the wireless charging system includes a power module, an inverter, a transmitting coil, a receiving coil and a compensation network, and the device includes a control module and a driver circuit;
所述控制模块用于根据电路参数以及待充电电池组的初始电压确定可实现互感辨识的边界条件，还用于确定无线充电***软启动方式及相应的互感辨识工作点，还用于采用确定的软启动方式控制所述驱动电路产生驱动信号给无线充电***，以启动无线充电***并控制无线充电***工作在确定的边界条件内和互感辨识工作点边界条件内，还用于接收发射线圈侧预设处的电流有效值和电压有效值，计算无线充电***的互感参数。The control module is used to determine the boundary conditions that can realize mutual inductance identification according to the circuit parameters and the initial voltage of the battery pack to be charged, and is also used to determine the soft start mode of the wireless charging system and the corresponding mutual inductance identification working point, and is also used to adopt the determined mutual inductance identification. The soft start mode controls the drive circuit to generate a drive signal to the wireless charging system to start the wireless charging system and control the wireless charging system to work within the determined boundary conditions and the boundary conditions of the mutual inductance identification operating point, and is also used to receive the transmitter coil side pre-aware. Calculate the mutual inductance parameters of the wireless charging system based on the current RMS and voltage RMS at the location.
优选的，若选择采用控制逆变器移相角的软起动方式，则相应的互感辨识工作点为***工作频率及逆变器移相角；若选择采用控制电源模块输出直流电压的软起动方式，则相应的互感辨识工作点为***工作频率及电源模块输出直流电压。Preferably, if the soft-start mode that controls the phase-shift angle of the inverter is selected, the corresponding mutual inductance identification operating point is the system operating frequency and the phase-shift angle of the inverter; if the soft-start mode that controls the output DC voltage of the power module is selected , then the corresponding mutual inductance identification operating point is the system operating frequency and the output DC voltage of the power module.
总体而言，本发明与现有技术相比，具有有益效果：利用无线充电***软起动过程进行互感辨识的方法，只需通过检测发射侧预设处电压、电流信号有效值，便可通过计算获得互感参数，检测方法方便又简单，降低了检测电路实现难度，且不需要辅助电路，也不需要预先获知负载。In general, compared with the prior art, the present invention has beneficial effects: the method for mutual inductance identification using the soft start process of the wireless charging system only needs to detect the effective values of the voltage and current signals preset on the transmitting side, and then calculate the The mutual inductance parameter is obtained, the detection method is convenient and simple, the realization difficulty of the detection circuit is reduced, and the auxiliary circuit is not required, and the load is not required to be known in advance.
【附图说明】【Description of drawings】
图1是本发明实施例的无线充电***结构图；FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a wireless charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2是本发明实施例的逆变器驱动信号、输出信号及移相角定义；FIG. 2 is the definition of inverter drive signal, output signal and phase shift angle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图3是本发明实施例的包含LCC-LCC补偿网络的无线充电***结构图；3 is a structural diagram of a wireless charging system including an LCC-LCC compensation network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图4是本发明实施例的不同工作频率下等效阻抗模|Zp|随互感参数M的变化趋势图；Fig. 4 is the variation trend diagram of the equivalent impedance modulus |Zp| with the mutual inductance parameter M under different operating frequencies according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图5是本发明实施例的基波近似法时互感辨识时等效电路图；5 is an equivalent circuit diagram during mutual inductance identification in the fundamental wave approximation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图6是本发明实施例的U c2_p随互感参数M、***工作频率f及U inv_f_p的变化趋势图； Fig. 6 is the variation trend diagram of U c2_p with mutual inductance parameter M, system operating frequency f and U inv_f_p according to the embodiment of the present invention;
图7是本发明实施例的互感辨识装置及无线充电***结构图；7 is a structural diagram of a mutual inductance identification device and a wireless charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图8是本发明实施例的互感辨识方法的流程图。FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a mutual inductance identification method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【具体实施方式】【Detailed ways】
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。此外，下面所描述的本发明各个实施方式中所涉及到的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互组合。In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
本发明实施例的一种无线充电***的互感参数辨识方法，应用于无线充电***，无线充电***包括电源模块、逆变器、发射线圈、接收线圈和补偿网络。A method for identifying mutual inductance parameters of a wireless charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied to a wireless charging system. The wireless charging system includes a power module, an inverter, a transmitting coil, a receiving coil and a compensation network.
该互感参数辨识方法包括步骤：The mutual inductance parameter identification method includes the following steps:
获取无线充电***的电路参数以及待充电电池组的初始电压；Obtain the circuit parameters of the wireless charging system and the initial voltage of the battery pack to be charged;
根据电路参数以及待充电电池组的初始电压确定可实现互感辨识的边界条件，该边界条件使得无线充电***的直流输出电压小于待充电电池组的初始电压；According to the circuit parameters and the initial voltage of the battery pack to be charged, determine the boundary condition that can realize mutual inductance identification, and the boundary condition makes the DC output voltage of the wireless charging system less than the initial voltage of the battery pack to be charged;
确定无线充电***软启动方式及相应的互感辨识工作点边界条件；Determine the soft start mode of the wireless charging system and the corresponding boundary conditions of the working point of mutual inductance identification;
采用确定的软启动方式启动无线充电***，并控制无线充电***工作在确定的边界条件内和互感辨识工作点边界条件内；Start the wireless charging system in a determined soft-start mode, and control the wireless charging system to work within the determined boundary conditions and the boundary conditions of the mutual inductance identification operating point;
测量流经发射线圈侧预设处的电流有效值和电压有效值，计算无线充电***的互感参数。Measure the current RMS and voltage RMS flowing through the preset on the transmitter coil side, and calculate the mutual inductance parameters of the wireless charging system.
下面具体说明无线充电***总体框架与工作原理、互感辨识方法原理、仿真验证、辨识装置及方法流程设计。The overall framework and working principle of the wireless charging system, the principle of the mutual inductance identification method, the simulation verification, the identification device and the method process design are specifically described below.
(1)下面具体说明无线充电***总体框架与工作原理。(1) The overall framework and working principle of the wireless charging system are specifically described below.
(a)基于无线电能传输(Wireless Power Transmission，WPT)的无线充电***工作原理。(a) The working principle of the wireless charging system based on Wireless Power Transmission (WPT).
本发明一实施例的基于无线电能传输技术(WPT)的电动汽车无线充电***组成如图1所示。The composition of the wireless charging system for electric vehicles based on the wireless power transfer technology (WPT) according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 1 .
图1中，直流电源模块将有效值为220V的交流市电经整流桥变为直流，该直流经DC/DC变换器及整流稳压电容C in后，以提供稳定的输入直流电压U dc。直流电源模块所输出直流电U dc经由T 1～T 4四个MOSFETs管所组成的高频全桥逆变器逆变后，变为高频方波输入至补偿网络1。 In Figure 1, the DC power module converts the AC mains with an effective value of 220V into DC through a rectifier bridge, and the DC passes through a DC/DC converter and a rectifier and voltage regulator capacitor C in to provide a stable input DC voltage U dc . The DC power U dc output by the DC power module is converted into a high-frequency square wave and input to the compensation network 1 after being inverted by a high-frequency full-bridge inverter composed of four MOSFETs from T 1 to T 4 .
线圈和补偿网络模块中，L 1、L 2分别为发射线圈和接收线圈的自感，M为发射线圈与接收线圈之间的互感，对于已制作好的发射线圈、接收线圈而言，互感值M的大小受两线圈横向错位与纵向距离的影响；补偿网络与线圈构成谐振网络，用以补偿发射线圈与接收线圈传输能量所需要的无功功率，同时起到滤波的作用。 In the coil and compensation network module, L 1 and L 2 are the self-inductances of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil, respectively, and M is the mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil. For the prepared transmitting and receiving coils, the mutual inductance value The size of M is affected by the lateral dislocation of the two coils and the longitudinal distance; the compensation network and the coil form a resonance network to compensate for the reactive power required by the transmitting coil and the receiving coil to transmit energy, and at the same time play the role of filtering.
根据传输特性的不同，补偿网络存在多种不同的拓扑结构，包括SS型、SP型、PS型、PP型、LCL-LCL型、LCC-LCC型、LCC-S型等，本发明主要适用于包含LCC-LCC型补偿网络、或SP型补偿网络、或PP型补偿网络、或LCL-LCL型补偿网络的无线充电***。它们的共同点在于，接收线圈侧的补偿网络均为非串联补偿型网络，利用软起动过程及电池组初始电压使整流器等效负载与***解耦并进行互感辨识时，接收线圈侧仍可构成电流回路，因此都可以采用本发明的互感参数辨识方法及装置，利用无线充电***软起动过程进行互感辨识的方法，通过检测发射侧预设处电压、电流信号有效值，获得互感参数。后文辨识方法及装置的整体思想、流程对于这些补偿网络都是适用的。但是，后文的具体计算模型、计算公式主要是基于图3的包含LCC-LCC型补偿网络的无线充电***，以此作为示例来进一步说明本发明的技术方案。本领域技术人员在本发明的精神和原则之内，针对其他类型的补偿网络建立合适的模型和计算公式来求解互感参数所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含 在本发明的保护范围之内。According to the different transmission characteristics, the compensation network has many different topological structures, including SS type, SP type, PS type, PP type, LCL-LCL type, LCC-LCC type, LCC-S type, etc. The present invention is mainly suitable for A wireless charging system including an LCC-LCC type compensation network, or an SP type compensation network, or a PP type compensation network, or an LCL-LCL type compensation network. What they have in common is that the compensation network on the receiving coil side is a non-series compensation network. When using the soft-start process and the initial voltage of the battery pack to decouple the equivalent load of the rectifier from the system and perform mutual inductance identification, the receiving coil side can still form Therefore, the mutual inductance parameter identification method and device of the present invention can be used, and the mutual inductance identification method using the soft start process of the wireless charging system can be used to obtain the mutual inductance parameters by detecting the rms value of the preset voltage and current signals on the transmitting side. The overall idea and process of the identification method and device described later are applicable to these compensation networks. However, the following specific calculation model and calculation formula are mainly based on the wireless charging system including the LCC-LCC compensation network shown in FIG. 3 , which is used as an example to further illustrate the technical solution of the present invention. Within the spirit and principles of the present invention, any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made by those skilled in the art to establish suitable models and calculation formulas for other types of compensation networks to solve mutual inductance parameters shall be included in the protection of the present invention. within the range.
等效负载模块中，由二极管D 1～D 4及输出滤波电容C o构成整流滤波电路，补偿网络2输出的高频交流电通过整流滤波后变成直流电对电池组进行充电。U o、I o分别为电池充电电压和充电电流。图1中，C in、C o分别为***输入、输出滤波器；U dc、I dc分别为直流输入电压、直流输入电流；u inv、i inv分别为逆变器输出电压和输出电流；u rec、i rec分别为整流桥前端输入电压和输入电流。 In the equivalent load module, diodes D 1 to D 4 and output filter capacitors C o form a rectifier and filter circuit, and the high-frequency alternating current output from the compensation network 2 is converted into direct current through rectification and filtering to charge the battery pack. U o and I o are the battery charging voltage and charging current, respectively. In Figure 1, C in and C o are the system input and output filters, respectively; U dc and I dc are the DC input voltage and DC input current, respectively; u inv and i inv are the inverter output voltage and output current, respectively; u rec and i rec are the input voltage and input current of the front end of the rectifier bridge, respectively.
(b)无线充电***的软起动方式(b) Soft start method of wireless charging system
为防止起动电压、电流过大，无线充电***采用软起动方式提供电源。实现软起动方式有两种：其一，通过改变高频全桥逆变器移相角α实现软起动；其二，通过改变直流电源模块输出电压U dc实现软起动。下面分别对两种软起动方式进行详细说明。 In order to prevent the starting voltage and current from being too large, the wireless charging system uses a soft start method to provide power. There are two ways to achieve soft start: one, by changing the phase shift angle α of the high-frequency full-bridge inverter to achieve soft start; the other, by changing the output voltage U dc of the DC power module to achieve soft start. The two soft-start modes are described in detail below.
方式一，通过改变高频全桥逆变器移相角实现软起动，其原理如是：维持直流电源模块输出直流电压U dc不变，控制全桥逆变器移相角α从0开始缓慢增加，其移相角定义如图2所示。此时，逆变器输出电压基波分量有效值U inv_f、移相角α及直流输入电压U dc之间满足式(1)，通过改变移相角α实现逆变器输出电压缓慢增加，从而实现软起动。 The first way is to realize soft start by changing the phase shift angle of the high frequency full-bridge inverter. The definition of the phase shift angle is shown in Figure 2. At this time, the effective value of the fundamental wave component of the inverter output voltage U inv_f , the phase shift angle α and the DC input voltage U dc satisfy the equation (1). By changing the phase shift angle α, the inverter output voltage can be slowly increased, thereby achieve soft start.
Figure PCTCN2021130461-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2021130461-appb-000001
方式二，通过改变直流电源模块输出电压U dc实现软起动，其原理如是：图1中等效电源模块由整流桥、DC/DC变换器组成，保持全桥逆变器移相角α固定为180°，通过调节DC/DC变换器占空比使其输出直流电压U dc缓慢上升以实现软起动。DC/DC变换器采用Buck-Boost升降压变换器，此时，该变换器输出电压U dc与占空比D之间满足式(2)。 The second method is to realize soft start by changing the output voltage U dc of the DC power module. The principle is as follows: the equivalent power module in Figure 1 is composed of a rectifier bridge and a DC/DC converter, and the phase shift angle α of the full-bridge inverter is kept fixed at 180 °, by adjusting the duty ratio of the DC/DC converter to make the output DC voltage U dc rise slowly to achieve soft start. The DC/DC converter adopts a Buck-Boost step-up and step-up converter. At this time, the output voltage U dc of the converter and the duty cycle D satisfy the formula (2).
Figure PCTCN2021130461-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2021130461-appb-000002
此时，逆变器输出电压基波分量有效值与直流输入电压U dc满足式(3)。 At this time, the effective value of the fundamental wave component of the inverter output voltage and the DC input voltage U dc satisfy the formula (3).
Figure PCTCN2021130461-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2021130461-appb-000003
(c)电动汽车动力电池组(c) Electric vehicle power battery pack
锂离子动力电池因其具有工作电压高、比能量大、循环寿命长、自放电率低、无记忆效应等优点而广泛应用于电动汽车。对于单体电池而言，工作电压范围是该类电池最重要的技术参数之一，该范围由最低放电截止电压U min与最高充电截止电压U max决定。最低放电截止电压U min是指在不损坏电池的基础上，能允许放电的最低电压；最高充电截止电压U max是指充电时在安全范围内电池能达到的最高电压。电池过充或过放都会造成电池不可逆转的损坏，比如容量过度衰减、寿命降低等，甚至会使电池烧毁。因此，电动汽车动力电池组需配置相应的充放电保护电路，以实现锂电池充放电的均衡性及控制动力锂电池的过充与过放。 Lithium-ion power batteries are widely used in electric vehicles because of their high operating voltage, large specific energy, long cycle life, low self-discharge rate, and no memory effect. For a single battery, the operating voltage range is one of the most important technical parameters of this type of battery, which is determined by the minimum discharge cut-off voltage U min and the highest charge cut-off voltage U max . The minimum discharge cut-off voltage U min refers to the lowest voltage that can be discharged without damaging the battery; the maximum charge cut-off voltage U max refers to the highest voltage that the battery can reach within a safe range during charging. Overcharging or overdischarging the battery will cause irreversible damage to the battery, such as excessive capacity attenuation, reduced life span, etc., or even burn the battery. Therefore, the electric vehicle power battery pack needs to be equipped with a corresponding charge and discharge protection circuit to achieve the balance of charge and discharge of the lithium battery and to control the overcharge and overdischarge of the power lithium battery.
由上述可知，待充电电池组初始电压U Bat-initial不为零，且大于最低放电截止电压U min，即U Bat-initial>U min。 It can be seen from the above that the initial voltage U Bat-initial of the battery pack to be charged is not zero, and is greater than the minimum discharge cut-off voltage U min , that is, U Bat-initial > U min .
(2)所提互感辨识方法原理(2) Principle of the proposed mutual inductance identification method
由第(1)节可知，电动汽车动力电池组均存在初始电压U Bat-initial不为零，而软起动过程则是使逆变器输出电压从零缓慢增加至充电电压。这期间，必然存在一段电压范围ΔU inv_f＝0～U inv_f(U inv_f表示逆变器输出电压基波分量有效值)，在该电压范围内，接收侧整流器前端电压幅值低于其后端待充电电池组的初始电压U Bat-initial。因此，在该电压范围内，整流桥相当于开路，即相当于电池负载未接入***。若***补偿网络及线圈参数均已知，则可利用该电压区间进行互感M的辨识。 It can be seen from Section (1) that the electric vehicle power battery pack has an initial voltage U Bat-initial that is not zero, and the soft start process is to slowly increase the inverter output voltage from zero to the charging voltage. During this period, there must be a voltage range ΔU inv_f = 0 ~ U inv_f (U inv_f represents the effective value of the fundamental wave component of the inverter output voltage). The initial voltage U Bat-initial of the rechargeable battery pack. Therefore, within this voltage range, the rectifier bridge is equivalent to an open circuit, which means that the battery load is not connected to the system. If the system compensation network and coil parameters are known, the mutual inductance M can be identified by using this voltage range.
(a)基本原理(a) Fundamentals
LCC-LCC型补偿网络拓扑结构如图3所示，补偿网络由发射侧的L 1、C 1、C p和接收侧的L s、C s、C 2组成，L p、L s分别为发射线圈和接收线圈自感，M为 发射线圈与接收线圈间的互感，R L1、R Lp、R Ls、R L2分别为是L 1、L p、L s及L 2的杂散电阻，U Bat_initial为待充电池组初始电压。补偿网络参数根据式(3)进行设计，其中ω op、ω os分别为发射侧、接收侧固有谐振角频率。考虑到使逆变器工作在软开关条件下，且实际电容电感与理想值存在差异，且各元件存在杂散电阻，补偿网络并不能完全谐振。 The topology of the LCC-LCC compensation network is shown in Figure 3. The compensation network consists of L 1 , C 1 , and C p on the transmitting side and L s , C s , and C 2 on the receiving side. L p and L s are the transmitting The self-inductance of the coil and the receiving coil, M is the mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil, R L1 , R Lp , R Ls , and R L2 are the stray resistances of L 1 , L p , L s and L 2 respectively, U Bat_initial It is the initial voltage of the battery pack to be charged. The parameters of the compensation network are designed according to formula (3), where ω op and ω os are the natural resonant angular frequencies of the transmitting side and the receiving side, respectively. Considering that the inverter works under soft switching conditions, and the actual capacitance and inductance are different from the ideal value, and each element has stray resistance, the compensation network cannot fully resonate.
Figure PCTCN2021130461-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2021130461-appb-000004
根据以上分析，在ΔU inv_f电压范围内，接收侧二极管整流桥相当于开路，如图3虚线表示二极管此时不具备导通条件。则此时，根据电路原理可知： According to the above analysis, within the voltage range of ΔU inv_f , the diode rectifier bridge on the receiving side is equivalent to an open circuit. The dotted line in Figure 3 indicates that the diode does not have the conduction condition at this time. At this time, according to the circuit principle, it can be known that:
Figure PCTCN2021130461-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2021130461-appb-000005
其中，ω为***实际工作角频率，R s、X s分别为Z s的实部和虚部。 Among them, ω is the actual working angular frequency of the system, and R s and X s are the real and imaginary parts of Z s , respectively.
根据式(5)，反射阻抗Z sp表示成式(6)， According to Equation (5), the reflection impedance Z sp is expressed as Equation (6),
Figure PCTCN2021130461-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2021130461-appb-000006
则Z p可由式(7)表示， Then Z p can be represented by formula (7),
Figure PCTCN2021130461-appb-000007
Figure PCTCN2021130461-appb-000007
根据(4)可知C 1、L 1构成谐振滤波器，因此i p及u c1上谐波分量极低，因 此，本发明通过测量u c1的有效值U c1_mea及i p的有效值I p_mea来计算获得等效阻抗Z p模的大小，以减小辨识误差。结合式(7)建立等式(8)， According to (4), it can be seen that C 1 and L 1 constitute a resonant filter, so the harmonic components on ip and u c1 are extremely low. Therefore, the present invention measures the effective value of u c1 U c1_mea and the effective value of ip I p_mea Calculate the size of the equivalent impedance Z p mode to reduce the identification error. Equation (8) is established by combining Equation (7),
Figure PCTCN2021130461-appb-000008
Figure PCTCN2021130461-appb-000008
其中，X Lp＝ωL p-1/(ωC p)。 where X Lp =ωL p -1/(ωC p ).
将测量值代入式(8)，求解等式(8)获得互感辨识值M iden。 Substitute the measured value into Equation (8), and solve Equation (8) to obtain the mutual inductance identification value M iden .
分析式(8)可以看出，|Z p|是一个关于互感M的函数，令|Z p|＝y，则y＝f(M)，将该函数对互感M求导得： It can be seen from the analysis of formula (8) that |Z p | is a function of the mutual inductance M. Let |Z p |=y, then y=f(M), and the function is derived from the mutual inductance M to get:
Figure PCTCN2021130461-appb-000009
Figure PCTCN2021130461-appb-000009
令
Figure PCTCN2021130461-appb-000010
求解y＝f(M)的极值点，得： make
Figure PCTCN2021130461-appb-000010
Solving the extreme point of y=f(M), we get:
M 1＝0或
Figure PCTCN2021130461-appb-000011
M 1 =0 or
Figure PCTCN2021130461-appb-000011
由(10)可知，y＝f(M)存在三个极值点，其中M 1＝0，而M 2,3是否存在实数解取决于X LpX s-R LpR s，下面对X LpX s-R LpR s分情况进行讨论。当工作频率ω＝ω os时，X s＝0，此时X LpX s-R LpR s＜0，说明此时M 2,3无实数解；当工作频率ω＜ω os时，X s＜0，X Lp始终大于零，则此时亦满足X LpX s-R LpR s＜0，说明此时同样M 2,3无实数解；当工作频率ω＞ω os时，X s＞0，X Lp＞0，则此时M 2,3有无实数解取决于X LpX s-R LpR s的大小，若X LpX s-R LpR s＜0，则M 2,3无实数解，若X LpX s-R LpR s＞0，则M 2,3存在 一正实数解，即在该点处y＝f(M)存在极值点，亦即这种情况下y＝f(M)不具有唯一单调性，故该情况时，所测|Z p|与M不是一对一的关系，有可能根据式(7)求解出多个正实数互感值，从而影响辨识结果。工作频率对M 2,3解的情况的影响总结如表1所示，利用表3所设计***参数对此分析结果做仿真验证，其仿真结果如图4所示，从图4可以看出，以上分析结果正确。 It can be seen from (10) that y=f(M) has three extreme points, where M 1 =0, and whether there is a real solution to M 2,3 depends on X Lp X s -R Lp R s , the following is for X Lp X s -R Lp R s are discussed separately. When the working frequency ω=ω os , X s =0, at this time X Lp X s -R Lp R s <0, indicating that M 2,3 has no real number solution at this time; when the working frequency ω < ω os , X s <0, X Lp is always greater than zero, then X Lp X s -R Lp R s <0 is also satisfied at this time, indicating that M 2,3 also has no real number solution at this time; when the operating frequency ω > ω os , X s > 0, X Lp >0, then whether M 2,3 has a real number solution depends on the size of X Lp X s -R Lp R s , if X Lp X s -R Lp R s <0, then M 2,3 There is no real solution, if X Lp X s -R Lp R s > 0, then there is a positive real solution for M 2,3 , that is, there is an extreme point at y=f(M) at this point, that is, in this case y=f(M) does not have unique monotonicity, so in this case, the measured |Z p | and M are not in a one-to-one relationship. Identification result. The influence of the operating frequency on the M 2,3 solution is summarized in Table 1. The analysis results are simulated and verified by using the system parameters designed in Table 3. The simulation results are shown in Figure 4. It can be seen from Figure 4 that, The above analysis results are correct.
因此，为保证在求解互感M的过程中不出现存在多个正实数解M iden满足条件的情况，本文建议，在进行互感辨识时，所采用工作频率应稍小于或等于接收侧谐振频率，即在ω＜ω os的情况下进行互感辨识。 Therefore, in order to ensure that in the process of solving the mutual inductance M, there are no situations where there are multiple positive real solutions M iden satisfying the conditions, this paper suggests that the working frequency used in the mutual inductance identification should be slightly less than or equal to the resonant frequency of the receiving side, that is, Mutual inductance identification is performed in the case of ω< ωos .
表1 ***运行频率对互感辨识值的解的个数情况汇总Table 1 Summary of the number of solutions of system operating frequency to mutual inductance identification value
Figure PCTCN2021130461-appb-000012
Figure PCTCN2021130461-appb-000012
以表3***参数进行仿真来验证以上分析的正确性，该表所列参数也是本文实验所采用***的参数，表内参数均有手持式功率分析仪测得。根据表3***参数求得接收侧谐振频率
Figure PCTCN2021130461-appb-000013
The system parameters in Table 3 are simulated to verify the correctness of the above analysis. The parameters listed in this table are also the parameters of the system used in this experiment, and the parameters in the table are all measured by a hand-held power analyzer. Obtain the resonant frequency of the receiving side according to the system parameters in Table 3
Figure PCTCN2021130461-appb-000013
结合式(8)，当采用f＜f os的频率进行互感辨识时，则所辨识互感值满足式(11)， Combined with equation (8), when the frequency of f < f os is used for mutual inductance identification, the identified mutual inductance value satisfies equation (11),
Figure PCTCN2021130461-appb-000014
Figure PCTCN2021130461-appb-000014
(b)确定互感辨识阶段的输入电压值(b) Determine the input voltage value in the mutual inductance identification stage
由前述可知，电池组待充电时初始电压U Bat_initial＞U Bat_min，为确保互感辨识精度，将最低放电截止电压U Bat_min作为可通过软起动方式实现互感辨识的电池 组电压的边界条件，则此时，整流器前端电压幅值U rec_p、补偿电容C 2两端电压的幅值U c2_p及U Bat_min之间的关系满足不等式(12)， It can be seen from the foregoing that the initial voltage U Bat_initial >U Bat_min of the battery pack to be charged, in order to ensure the accuracy of mutual inductance identification, the minimum discharge cut-off voltage U Bat_min is taken as the boundary condition of the battery pack voltage that can realize mutual inductance identification by soft start, then at this time , the relationship between the voltage amplitude U rec_p at the front end of the rectifier, the amplitude U c2_p and U Bat_min of the voltage across the compensation capacitor C 2 satisfies the inequality (12),
Figure PCTCN2021130461-appb-000015
Figure PCTCN2021130461-appb-000015
即整流器前端开路电压等于补偿电容C 2两端电压，且其幅值小于4U Bat_min/π。 That is, the open-circuit voltage at the front end of the rectifier is equal to the voltage across the compensation capacitor C2 , and its amplitude is less than 4U Bat_min /π.
在满足不等式(11)时，***等效电路如图5所示。图5中各阻抗满足式(13)，When the inequality (11) is satisfied, the system equivalent circuit is shown in Figure 5. Each impedance in Figure 5 satisfies equation (13),
Z 2＝Z Ls-Z m+Z cs+Z c2 Z 2 =Z Ls -Z m +Z cs +Z c2
Z 1＝Z cp+Z Lp-Z m+Z 2//Z m Z 1 =Z cp +Z Lp -Z m +Z 2 //Z m
Z in＝Z L1+Z c1//Z 1      (13) Z in = Z L1 +Z c1 //Z 1 (13)
上式中，Z L1＝R 1+jωL 1，Z cp＝1/jωC p，Z c1＝1/jωC 1，Z Lp＝R Lp+jωL p，Z m＝jωM，Z Ls＝R Ls+jωL s，Z cs＝1/jωC s，Z c2＝1/jωC 2。 In the above formula, Z L1 =R 1 +jωL 1 , Z cp =1/jωC p , Z c1 =1/jωC 1 , Z Lp =R Lp +jωL p , Z m =jωM, Z Ls =R Ls +jωL s , Z cs =1/jωC s , Z c2 =1/jωC 2 .
因此，在满足不等式(12)的情况下，逆变器输出电压基波分量幅值U inv_f_p与电容C 2两端的电压幅值U c2_p之间满足式(14)， Therefore, in the case of satisfying the inequality (12), the relationship between the amplitude U inv_f_p of the fundamental component of the inverter output voltage and the voltage amplitude U c2_p across the capacitor C 2 satisfies the equation (14),
Figure PCTCN2021130461-appb-000016
Figure PCTCN2021130461-appb-000016
其中，|Z eq(M)|为包含互感M的等效阻抗模。 where |Z eq (M)| is the equivalent impedance modulus including the mutual inductance M.
在进行辨识前，根据***参数和设计要求，根据式(14)分析电容C 2两端的电压幅值U c2_p与***互感、***工作频率及U inv_f_p之间的关系。如针对本发明中基于表3所搭建的仿真***，根据式(14)，获得U c2_p与***互感、*** 工作频率及U inv_f_p之间的关系如图6(a)、(b)所示。图6(a)为当频率分别为86kHz、85kHz、84kHz时，U inv_f_p分别为6V、7V、8V、9V、10V时的变化趋势图，图6(b)为当频率分别为86kHz、85kHz、84kHz时，对应互感分别为15μH、23μH、31μH时的变化趋势图。 Before identification, according to the system parameters and design requirements, the relationship between the voltage amplitude U c2_p across the capacitor C 2 and the system mutual inductance, the system operating frequency and U inv_f_p is analyzed according to equation (14). For example, for the simulation system built based on Table 3 in the present invention, according to formula (14), the relationship between U c2_p and system mutual inductance, system operating frequency and U inv_f_p is obtained as shown in Figures 6(a) and (b). Figure 6(a) is the change trend diagram of U inv_f_p when the frequencies are 86kHz, 85kHz, 84kHz, respectively, when the frequencies are 6V, 7V, 8V, 9V, and 10V, and Figure 6(b) is when the frequencies are 86kHz, 85kHz, At 84kHz, the corresponding change trend of mutual inductance is 15μH, 23μH, and 31μH.
由图6(a)分析可知，当f＝86kHz时，U c2_p在互感处于15μH处取得最大值；当f＝85kHz时，U c2_p在互感处于23μH处取得最大值；当f＝84kHz时，U c2_p在互感处于31μH处取得最大值。结合图6(a)(b)分析可知，总结可实现互感辨识的工作区域，并针对相应边界U inv_f_p根据式(1)、(3)分别计算两种软起动方式下移相角α和U dc的边界，总结情况如表2所示。从表2中任意选一组合(f,α)、(f,U dc)便可实现互感M的辨识。 It can be seen from the analysis in Fig. 6(a) that when f=86kHz, U c2_p reaches the maximum value at the mutual inductance of 15μH; when f=85kHz, U c2_p achieves the maximum value at the mutual inductance of 23μH; when f=84kHz, U c2_p c2_p takes a maximum value at the mutual inductance of 31μH. Combined with the analysis of Fig. 6(a)(b), we can see that the working area that can realize mutual inductance identification is summarized, and for the corresponding boundary U inv_f_p according to equations (1) and (3), the downshift phase angles α and U of the two soft-start modes are calculated respectively. The boundary of dc is summarized in Table 2. The identification of the mutual inductance M can be realized by selecting any combination (f, α) and (f, U dc ) from Table 2.
表2 可实现辨识的工作区域汇总Table 2 Summary of work areas that can be identified
Figure PCTCN2021130461-appb-000017
Figure PCTCN2021130461-appb-000017
考虑到需要对开关器件设置死区时间，建议采用软起动方式二进行互感辨识，对应的可实现互感辨识的工作区域条件如表2对应的(f,U dc)。 Considering the need to set dead time for switching devices, it is recommended to use soft start mode 2 for mutual inductance identification. The corresponding working area conditions that can realize mutual inductance identification are shown in Table 2 (f, U dc ).
(3)仿真验证(3) Simulation verification
为验证上述分析的正确性，基于图3搭建仿真***，其***参数如表3所示。根据前述分析，采用软起动方式二时，分别选用(f,U dc)＝(86kHz,6V)、(f,U dc)＝(85kHz,5V)来进行互感辨识仿真，以验证前述分析的正确性与可行性。 In order to verify the correctness of the above analysis, a simulation system is built based on Figure 3, and its system parameters are shown in Table 3. According to the above analysis, when using soft start mode 2, respectively select (f, U dc )=(86kHz, 6V) and (f, U dc )=(85kHz, 5V) for mutual inductance identification simulation to verify the correctness of the above analysis performance and feasibility.
表3 仿真***参数Table 3 Simulation system parameters
Figure PCTCN2021130461-appb-000018
Figure PCTCN2021130461-appb-000018
仿真结果如表4所示，从表4可以看出选用的(f,U dc)＝(86kHz,6V)、(f,U dc)＝(85kHz,5V)来进行互感辨识均能获得很好的辨识精度，相比较而言，采用(f,U dc)＝(85kHz,5V)，其辨识精度更高。 The simulation results are shown in Table 4. It can be seen from Table 4 that the selected (f, U dc )=(86kHz, 6V) and (f, U dc )=(85kHz, 5V) can be used for mutual inductance identification. Compared with the identification accuracy of (f, U dc )=(85kHz, 5V), the identification accuracy is higher.
表4 互感辨识仿真结果Table 4 Mutual inductance identification simulation results
Figure PCTCN2021130461-appb-000019
Figure PCTCN2021130461-appb-000019
(4)互感辨识装置及工作流程(4) Mutual inductance identification device and workflow
如图7所示，本发明实施例的一种无线充电***的互感参数辨识装置，应用于无线充电***，该装置包括控制模块和驱动电路。控制模块可采用DSP。As shown in FIG. 7 , a mutual inductance parameter identification device of a wireless charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied to a wireless charging system, and the device includes a control module and a driving circuit. The control module can use DSP.
控制模块用于根据电路参数以及待充电电池组的初始电压确定可实现互感辨识的边界条件，还用于确定无线充电***软启动方式及相应的互感辨识工作点，还用于采用确定的软启动方式控制驱动电路产生驱动信号给无线充电***，以启动无线充电***并控制无线充电***工作在确定的边界条件内和互感辨识工作点边界条件内，还用于接收发射线圈侧预设处的电流有效值和电压有效值，计算无线充电***的互感参数。The control module is used to determine the boundary conditions that can realize mutual inductance identification according to the circuit parameters and the initial voltage of the battery pack to be charged. It is also used to determine the soft start mode of the wireless charging system and the corresponding mutual inductance identification working point. It is also used to use the determined soft start The method controls the drive circuit to generate a drive signal to the wireless charging system to start the wireless charging system and control the wireless charging system to work within the determined boundary conditions and the boundary conditions of the mutual inductance identification operating point, and is also used to receive the current preset on the transmitter coil side. RMS and voltage RMS, calculate the mutual inductance parameters of the wireless charging system.
具体地，DSP模块内已知汽车电池组相关参数(已知U Bat_min)、及电路参数。根据前述算法计算不同软起动方式下边界条件，再选择相应的(f,α)或(f, U dc)，产生对应的驱动信号，以驱动高频逆变电路或前端DC/DC模块产生满足互感辨识条件的U inv_f_p；再通过测量U c1_mea、I p_mea代入式(11)进行互感辨识值的计算，此过程计算过程均在DSP内完成。 Specifically, the related parameters of the car battery pack (known U Bat_min ) and circuit parameters are known in the DSP module. Calculate the boundary conditions of different soft-start modes according to the aforementioned algorithm, and then select the corresponding (f, α) or (f, U dc ) to generate the corresponding driving signal to drive the high-frequency inverter circuit or the front-end DC/DC module to meet the U inv_f_p of mutual inductance identification conditions; then by measuring U c1_mea , I p_mea and substituting into formula (11) to calculate the mutual inductance identification value, the calculation process of this process is all completed in DSP.
如图8所示，本发明实施例的一种无线充电***的互感参数辨识方法，包括步骤：As shown in FIG. 8 , a method for identifying mutual inductance parameters of a wireless charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the steps:
第一步，已知无线充电***的电路参数、电池组参数，并保存至DSP；The first step is to know the circuit parameters and battery pack parameters of the wireless charging system and save them to the DSP;
第二步，由前述方法提前确定互感辨识边界条件U inv_f_p，根据不同软起动方式选择相应的互感辨识工作点(f,α)、(f,U dc)； In the second step, the mutual inductance identification boundary condition U inv_f_p is determined in advance by the aforementioned method, and the corresponding mutual inductance identification operating points (f, α) and (f, U dc ) are selected according to different soft-start modes;
第三步，根据第二步计算的结果产生相应的驱动信号，以控制高频逆变电路或DC/DC变换器产生第二步所需的逆变器输出电压基波分量幅值U inv_f_p； The third step is to generate a corresponding drive signal according to the result calculated in the second step, to control the high-frequency inverter circuit or the DC/DC converter to generate the inverter output voltage fundamental component amplitude U inv_f_p required for the second step;
第四步，电流互感器、电压互感器分别测量u c1、i p的稳态有效值U c1_mea、I p_mea，并将其反馈到DSP数字信号处理器内；DSP根据所测U c1_mea、I p_mea，再根据式(11)计算获得互感辨识值M iden。 In the fourth step, the current transformer and the voltage transformer measure the steady-state effective values U c1_mea and I p_mea of u c1 and ip respectively , and feed them back to the DSP digital signal processor ; , and then calculate the mutual inductance identification value M iden according to formula (11).
必须说明的是，上述任一实施例中，方法并不必然按照序号顺序依次执行，只要从执行逻辑中不能推定必然按某一顺序执行，则意味着可以以其他任何可能的顺序执行。It must be noted that, in any of the above embodiments, the methods are not necessarily executed in sequence, and as long as it cannot be inferred from the execution logic that the methods must be executed in a certain sequence, it means that the methods can be executed in any other possible sequence.
本领域的技术人员容易理解，以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。Those skilled in the art can easily understand that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention, etc., All should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种无线充电***的互感参数辨识方法，其特征在于，所述无线充电***包括电源模块、逆变器、发射线圈、接收线圈和补偿网络，该方法包括：A method for identifying mutual inductance parameters of a wireless charging system, characterized in that the wireless charging system includes a power module, an inverter, a transmitting coil, a receiving coil and a compensation network, and the method includes:
    获取无线充电***的电路参数以及待充电电池组的初始电压；Obtain the circuit parameters of the wireless charging system and the initial voltage of the battery pack to be charged;
    根据电路参数以及待充电电池组的初始电压确定可实现互感辨识的边界条件，该边界条件使得无线充电***的直流输出电压小于待充电电池组的初始电压；According to the circuit parameters and the initial voltage of the battery pack to be charged, determine the boundary condition that can realize mutual inductance identification, and the boundary condition makes the DC output voltage of the wireless charging system less than the initial voltage of the battery pack to be charged;
    确定无线充电***软启动方式及相应的互感辨识工作点边界条件；Determine the soft start mode of the wireless charging system and the corresponding boundary conditions of the working point of mutual inductance identification;
    采用确定的软启动方式启动无线充电***，并控制无线充电***工作在确定的边界条件内和互感辨识工作点边界条件内；Start the wireless charging system in a determined soft-start mode, and control the wireless charging system to work within the determined boundary conditions and the boundary conditions of the mutual inductance identification operating point;
    测量流经发射线圈侧预设处的电流有效值和电压有效值，计算无线充电***的互感参数。Measure the current RMS and voltage RMS flowing through the preset on the transmitter coil side, and calculate the mutual inductance parameters of the wireless charging system.
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种无线充电***的互感参数辨识方法，其特征在于，所述互感辨识的边界条件为逆变器输出电压基波分量幅值。The method for identifying mutual inductance parameters of a wireless charging system according to claim 1, wherein the boundary condition of the mutual inductance identification is the amplitude of the fundamental wave component of the output voltage of the inverter.
  3. 如权利要求1所述的一种无线充电***的互感参数辨识方法，其特征在于，若确定采用控制逆变器移相角的软起动方式，则相应的互感辨识工作点为***工作频率及逆变器移相角；若确定采用控制电源模块输出直流电压的软起动方式，则相应的互感辨识工作点为***工作频率及电源模块输出直流电压。The method for identifying mutual inductance parameters of a wireless charging system according to claim 1, wherein if it is determined to adopt a soft start method of controlling the phase shift angle of the inverter, the corresponding mutual inductance identification operating point is the system operating frequency and the inverse The inverter phase shift angle; if it is determined to use the soft start mode of controlling the output DC voltage of the power supply module, the corresponding mutual inductance identification operating point is the system operating frequency and the output DC voltage of the power supply module.
  4. 如权利要求2所述的一种无线充电***的互感参数辨识方法，其特征在于，互感辨识工作点的***工作频率小于接收线圈侧的谐振频率。The method for identifying mutual inductance parameters of a wireless charging system according to claim 2, wherein the system operating frequency of the mutual inductance identification operating point is lower than the resonant frequency of the receiving coil side.
  5. 如权利要求1所述的一种无线充电***的互感参数辨识方法，其特征在于，所述补偿网络为LCC-LCC型补偿网络、或SP型补偿网络、或PP型补偿网络、或LCL-LCL型补偿网络。The method for identifying mutual inductance parameters of a wireless charging system according to claim 1, wherein the compensation network is an LCC-LCC compensation network, an SP compensation network, a PP compensation network, or an LCL-LCL compensation network. type compensation network.
  6. 如权利要求1或5所述的一种无线充电***的互感参数辨识方法，其特征在于，所述电路参数包括补偿网络的电容的杂散电阻、补偿网络的电感的杂散电阻、发射线圈的杂散电阻和接收线圈的杂散电阻。The method for identifying mutual inductance parameters of a wireless charging system according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the circuit parameters include the stray resistance of the capacitance of the compensation network, the stray resistance of the inductance of the compensation network, and the stray resistance of the inductance of the compensation network. Stray resistance and stray resistance of the receiving coil.
  7. 如权利要求1所述的一种无线充电***的互感参数辨识方法，其特征在于，所述预设处的电流有效值和电压有效值是流经发射线圈的电流有效值以及发射侧并联补偿电容两端的电压有效值。The method for identifying mutual inductance parameters of a wireless charging system according to claim 1, wherein the RMS current and the RMS voltage at the preset location are the RMS current flowing through the transmitting coil and the parallel compensation capacitor on the transmitting side. RMS voltage across both ends.
  8. 如权利要求1或7所述的一种无线充电***的互感参数辨识方法，其特征在于，所述互感参数的计算包括步骤：The method for identifying mutual inductance parameters of a wireless charging system according to claim 1 or 7, wherein the calculation of the mutual inductance parameters comprises the steps of:
    根据发射线圈侧预设处的电流有效值和电压有效值计算等效阻抗模；Calculate the equivalent impedance mode according to the current RMS and voltage RMS preset at the transmitter coil side;
    建立等效阻抗模与互感参数的函数，根据函数计算互感参数。The function of equivalent impedance mode and mutual inductance parameters is established, and the mutual inductance parameters are calculated according to the function.
  9. 一种无线充电***的互感参数辨识装置，其特征在于，所述无线充电***包括电源模块、逆变器、发射线圈、接收线圈以及补偿网络，该装置包括控制模块和驱动电路；A mutual inductance parameter identification device for a wireless charging system, characterized in that the wireless charging system includes a power supply module, an inverter, a transmitting coil, a receiving coil and a compensation network, and the device includes a control module and a drive circuit;
    所述控制模块用于根据电路参数以及待充电电池组的初始电压确定可实现互感辨识的边界条件，还用于确定无线充电***软启动方式及相应的互感辨识工作点，还用于采用确定的软启动方式控制所述驱动电路产生驱动信号给无线充电***，以启动无线充电***并控制无线充电***工作在确定的边界条件内和互感辨识工作点边界条件内，还用于接收发射线圈侧预设处的电流有效值和电压有效值，计算无线充电***的互感参数。The control module is used to determine the boundary conditions that can realize mutual inductance identification according to the circuit parameters and the initial voltage of the battery pack to be charged, and is also used to determine the soft start mode of the wireless charging system and the corresponding mutual inductance identification working point, and is also used to adopt the determined mutual inductance identification. The soft start mode controls the drive circuit to generate a drive signal to the wireless charging system to start the wireless charging system and control the wireless charging system to work within the determined boundary conditions and the boundary conditions of the mutual inductance identification operating point, and is also used to receive the transmitter coil side pre-aware. Calculate the mutual inductance parameters of the wireless charging system based on the current RMS and voltage RMS at the location.
  10. 如权利要求9所述的一种无线充电***的互感参数辨识装置，其特征在于，若选择采用控制逆变器移相角的软起动方式，则相应的互感辨识工作点为***工作频率及逆变器移相角；若选择采用控制电源模块输出直流电压的软起动方式，则相应的互感辨识工作点为***工作频率及电源模块输出直流电压。The mutual inductance parameter identification device of a wireless charging system according to claim 9, wherein if a soft-start method of controlling the phase shift angle of the inverter is selected, the corresponding mutual inductance identification operating point is the system operating frequency and the inverse The inverter phase shift angle; if the soft start mode of controlling the output DC voltage of the power supply module is selected, the corresponding mutual inductance identification operating point is the system operating frequency and the output DC voltage of the power supply module.
PCT/CN2021/130461 2021-04-26 2021-11-12 Mutual inductance parameter identification method and device for wireless charging system WO2022227497A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110455793.6A CN112865340B (en) 2021-04-26 2021-04-26 Mutual inductance parameter identification method and device of wireless charging system
CN202110455793.6 2021-04-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2022227497A1 true WO2022227497A1 (en) 2022-11-03

Family

ID=75992931

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2021/130461 WO2022227497A1 (en) 2021-04-26 2021-11-12 Mutual inductance parameter identification method and device for wireless charging system

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN112865340B (en)
WO (1) WO2022227497A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115864674A (en) * 2022-11-22 2023-03-28 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 Wireless power supply system and input voltage-sharing and output constant voltage cooperative control method thereof

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112865340B (en) * 2021-04-26 2021-07-23 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 Mutual inductance parameter identification method and device of wireless charging system
CN113315250B (en) * 2021-05-31 2022-09-23 哈工大（张家口）工业技术研究院 Secondary side current indirect closed-loop control method of LCC-S type wireless power transmission system
CN113937898B (en) * 2021-09-29 2023-08-25 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 Dual-parameter identification method of wireless charging system
CN114243951B (en) * 2022-02-22 2022-06-07 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 Magnetic coupling type wireless power transmission system without parameter identification
CN114726115A (en) * 2022-05-24 2022-07-08 武汉华工融军科技有限公司 Control system and method for wireless power transmission
CN114678965B (en) * 2022-05-27 2022-08-19 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 IPT system based on parameter joint identification and charging control method
CN114865888B (en) * 2022-07-11 2022-10-04 广东电网有限责任公司肇庆供电局 Power feedforward inductance parameter identification method and system for energy storage converter
CN116742817A (en) * 2023-08-09 2023-09-12 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 IPT system and multi-parameter joint identification control method thereof
CN117068419B (en) * 2023-10-16 2024-02-13 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 Wireless charging system suitable for unmanned aerial vehicle crowd

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105141046A (en) * 2015-10-26 2015-12-09 重庆大学 SP type ICPT system load and mutual inductance identification method
CN109004842A (en) * 2018-08-01 2018-12-14 西南交通大学 A kind of radio energy transmission system and method that mutual inductance and load can be recognized from primary side
US20190097471A1 (en) * 2017-09-27 2019-03-28 Utah State University Vehicle misalignment measurement and compensation in dynamic wireless charging applications
CN109831035A (en) * 2019-03-20 2019-05-31 哈尔滨工业大学 A kind of mutual inductance discrimination method of the wireless charging system based on orthogonal double channels algorithm
CN110112841A (en) * 2019-05-28 2019-08-09 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 A kind of load of wireless charging system and mutual inductance parameter identification method and system
CN112467894A (en) * 2020-11-27 2021-03-09 中国科学院电工研究所 Wireless charging system load parameter identification method and system
CN112865340A (en) * 2021-04-26 2021-05-28 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 Mutual inductance parameter identification method and device of wireless charging system

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000324826A (en) * 1999-05-07 2000-11-24 Sony Corp Switching power circuit
CN103746462B (en) * 2013-07-11 2016-01-20 重庆米亚车辆技术有限公司 A kind of bilateral LCC compensating network for wireless power transmission and tuning methods thereof
CN107294225B (en) * 2017-07-19 2019-08-30 重庆大学 The IPT system load of secondary side shunt compensation and mutual inductance parameter identification method
CN109980758B (en) * 2019-04-02 2021-03-23 浙江大学 Soft start method of wireless charging system

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105141046A (en) * 2015-10-26 2015-12-09 重庆大学 SP type ICPT system load and mutual inductance identification method
US20190097471A1 (en) * 2017-09-27 2019-03-28 Utah State University Vehicle misalignment measurement and compensation in dynamic wireless charging applications
CN109004842A (en) * 2018-08-01 2018-12-14 西南交通大学 A kind of radio energy transmission system and method that mutual inductance and load can be recognized from primary side
CN109831035A (en) * 2019-03-20 2019-05-31 哈尔滨工业大学 A kind of mutual inductance discrimination method of the wireless charging system based on orthogonal double channels algorithm
CN110112841A (en) * 2019-05-28 2019-08-09 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 A kind of load of wireless charging system and mutual inductance parameter identification method and system
CN112467894A (en) * 2020-11-27 2021-03-09 中国科学院电工研究所 Wireless charging system load parameter identification method and system
CN112865340A (en) * 2021-04-26 2021-05-28 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 Mutual inductance parameter identification method and device of wireless charging system

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115864674A (en) * 2022-11-22 2023-03-28 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 Wireless power supply system and input voltage-sharing and output constant voltage cooperative control method thereof
CN115864674B (en) * 2022-11-22 2023-12-15 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 Wireless power supply system and input voltage equalizing and output constant voltage cooperative control method thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN112865340B (en) 2021-07-23
CN112865340A (en) 2021-05-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2022227497A1 (en) Mutual inductance parameter identification method and device for wireless charging system
Song et al. Constant current/voltage charging operation for series–series and series–parallel compensated wireless power transfer systems employing primary-side controller
CN107618388B (en) Wireless charging system of electric automobile
KR20200018244A (en) Method for controlling phase shift of a charging circuit
CN110429718B (en) Constant-current/constant-voltage control method of wireless power transmission system based on primary side parameter identification
CN109474081A (en) Based on radio energy transmission system constant current-constant voltage output characteristic charging method
CN106374579B (en) Wireless charging system and its power transmission control method
CN110071562B (en) Transmitting side switching hybrid topology constant-current constant-voltage induction type wireless charging method and system
CN102638085A (en) Intelligent storage battery charging and management device for electric vehicles
CN109638978B (en) High-efficiency constant-voltage constant-current switching wireless charging topological structure
WO2022116413A1 (en) Variable circuit topology capable of switching wireless power transmission coil and compensation capacitor
CN112087061A (en) Three-coil battery wireless charging system capable of automatically switching constant current and constant voltage
Wu et al. Position-independent constant current or constant voltage wireless electric vehicles charging system without dual-side communication and DC–DC converter
Zhang et al. The charging control and efficiency optimization strategy for WPT system based on secondary side controllable rectifier
US20240010103A1 (en) Battery heating method, charging device, and battery management system
CN111030266A (en) Wireless charging system based on electromagnetic metamaterial and constant-current constant-voltage charging control method
CN108162775B (en) Electric automobile wireless energy transmission device for constant-power charging
Wang et al. Mutual inductance identification of IPT system based on soft-start process
CN111532151A (en) System and method for wireless charging of electric automobile
CN114696412A (en) Battery energy storage system SOC balance control system, method and device and storage medium
CN115593250A (en) Constant-power wireless charging system
CN110138097B (en) Constant-current constant-voltage magnetic induction type charging system realized by adopting special topological structure
CN113547945B (en) Battery charging device and method with voltage equalizing function based on immittance network
Simonazzi et al. Single stage wireless power transfer battery charger for electric vehicles
Shen et al. Design method of 6-element boundary gain for LLC resonant converter of electric vehicle

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 21938957

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 21938957

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1