WO2022222826A1 - 电机及食物处理器 - Google Patents
电机及食物处理器 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022222826A1 WO2022222826A1 PCT/CN2022/086631 CN2022086631W WO2022222826A1 WO 2022222826 A1 WO2022222826 A1 WO 2022222826A1 CN 2022086631 W CN2022086631 W CN 2022086631W WO 2022222826 A1 WO2022222826 A1 WO 2022222826A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- motor
- rotor
- rotating shaft
- stator
- assembly
- Prior art date
Links
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013322 soy milk Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/46—Fastening of windings on the stator or rotor structure
- H02K3/52—Fastening salient pole windings or connections thereto
- H02K3/521—Fastening salient pole windings or connections thereto applicable to stators only
- H02K3/522—Fastening salient pole windings or connections thereto applicable to stators only for generally annular cores with salient poles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
- H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
- H02K1/276—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM]
- H02K1/2766—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM] having a flux concentration effect
- H02K1/2773—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM] having a flux concentration effect consisting of tangentially magnetized radial magnets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/30—Structural association with control circuits or drive circuits
- H02K11/33—Drive circuits, e.g. power electronics
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of motors, in particular to a motor of a food processor.
- motors are widely used in all walks of life, such as food processors such as soymilk machines, cooking machines, etc., to assist users in processing food and improving their lives.
- the invention provides a motor, which is a three-phase motor, comprising a stator assembly and a rotor assembly rotating relative to the stator assembly, the stator assembly including a stator iron core and a coil wound on the stator iron core;
- the rotor assembly includes a rotating shaft, a rotor iron core sleeved on the rotating shaft, and a plurality of permanent magnets inserted into the rotor iron core, the rotor iron core is formed with a plurality of insertion slots, each insertion slot Extending along the radial direction of the rotor core, the permanent magnets are inserted into the insertion slots and distributed radially around the rotating shaft.
- the outer diameter of the stator core of the motor is 100 ⁇ 150mm
- the number of magnetic poles of the rotor assembly is 8, 10, 12, 14 or 16
- the permanent magnet is a magnetic energy product ranging from 3.8 ⁇ 4.9MGOe
- the side end of the rotating shaft is connected with an induction magnetic block matched with the Hall element through a collar, one end of the collar is in interference fit with the side end of the rotating shaft, and the other end is in an interference fit with the induction magnetic block. interference fit, or the induction magnetic block is bonded to the other end of the collar.
- the rotor core is provided with a through slot at the central position of the two adjacent permanent magnets, and the through slots between each adjacent two permanent magnets are two and have different shapes.
- the cross section of one of the through slots is square and its length direction follows the circumferential direction of the rotor core, and the cross section of the other through slot is racetrack-shaped and its length direction extends along the rotor core. radial.
- the through-slot with a square cross-section is arranged on the radially outer side of the through-slot with a racetrack-shaped cross-section, and the cross-sectional area of the through-slot with a square cross-section is smaller than that of the racetrack-shaped through-slot.
- the cross-sectional area of the channel is smaller than that of the racetrack-shaped through-slot.
- the rotor further includes a plastic frame integrally covering the rotor iron core and the permanent magnet, and a plurality of balance holes are arranged at the outer edges of the axial side ends of the plastic frame for inserting balance pins to the said plastic frame.
- the rotor is balanced.
- thermal protector for sensing the temperature of the coil is also included.
- the casing for accommodating the stator assembly and the rotor assembly
- the casing includes a casing and an inner end cover covered on the casing, and a first bearing seat is formed in the center of the casing, concave in the center, A second bearing seat is formed in the center of the inner end cover, a bearing is respectively arranged in the first bearing seat and the second bearing seat to support the rotating shaft, and one end of the rotating shaft passes through the housing and is connected with a driving member. connect.
- a plurality of lugs are formed on the outer wall surfaces of the casing and the inner end cover, and the lugs are provided with through holes for fixing the casing and the inner end cover through screws; the lugs
- the outer sleeve is provided with an elastic protective sleeve, and the protective sleeve is provided with avoidance holes corresponding to the screws.
- the present invention also provides a food processor, comprising the above-mentioned motor.
- the motor further includes a control assembly, the control assembly includes a power processing module and a motor drive module, the power processing module includes an EMI module and an AC-DC conversion module, and the motor drive module includes a DC-DC conversion module , motor MCU and inverter, the DC-DC conversion module is connected between the AC-DC conversion module and the motor MCU, the input end of the inverter is respectively connected with the AC-DC conversion module and the motor MCU The connection and output end are connected with the coil of the motor, and the motor MCU is connected with the main control circuit board of the food processor.
- the motor further includes a housing for accommodating the stator and the rotor, and a motor circuit board disposed in the housing, the motor circuit board is electrically connected to the coil of the stator, the power processing module and the motor
- the drive modules are all located in the housing of the motor and arranged on the motor circuit board; or, the motor drive module is located in the housing of the motor and arranged on the motor circuit board, and the power processing module is located in the motor circuit board.
- the outer casing of the motor is arranged on the main control circuit board; alternatively, the power processing module and the motor driving module are both located outside the outer casing of the electric motor and arranged on the main control circuit board.
- the food processor of the present invention adopts a three-phase brushless DC motor as a drive, which can effectively improve the shortcomings of large torque ripple and large vibration noise when the switched reluctance motor rotates, and satisfies people's increasingly stringent noise requirements.
- the overall structure is compact, the size is controllable, the operation is stable and efficient.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the motor of the food processor of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the motor shown in FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 3 is another perspective view of the motor shown in FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 4 is an exploded view of FIG. 3 .
- FIG. 5 is another perspective view of FIG. 4 .
- FIG. 6 is a further exploded view of the rotor assembly of the electric machine of FIG. 4 .
- FIG. 7 is a further exploded view of the stator assembly of the electric machine of FIG. 5 .
- FIG. 8 is a circuit block diagram of the first embodiment of the food processor of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a circuit block diagram of a second embodiment of the food processor of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a circuit block diagram of a third embodiment of the food processor of the present invention.
- the present invention provides a motor 100, which can be applied to a compressor, a food processor such as a blender, a mixer, a juicer, a soymilk maker, a food processor, and the like.
- a motor 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a casing 10 , and a rotor assembly 20 , a stator assembly 30 , and a control assembly 40 disposed in the casing 10 .
- the housing 10 has a cylindrical structure as a whole, and includes a housing 12 , an inner end cover 14 and an outer end cover 16 .
- the casing 12 is a cylindrical structure with one end open
- the inner end cover 14 is a disc-shaped structure
- the inner end cover 14 covers the open end of the casing 12 and forms a first installation space 13 for assembling the stator. Assembly 30 and rotor assembly 20 .
- the outer end cover 16 has a cylindrical structure with one end open, and its open end is assembled with the inner end cover 14 to form a second installation space 15 for assembling the control assembly 40 .
- the axial height of the housing 12 is much larger than the axial height of the outer end cover 16
- the size of the first installation space 13 is much larger than that of the second installation space 15 .
- a plurality of lugs 18 are formed on the outer walls of the housing 12 , the inner end cover 14 and the outer end cover 16 , and corresponding fixing holes 180 are formed on the lugs 18 .
- the fixing member passes through the fixing hole 180 to fix and connect the housing 12 , the inner end cover 14 and the outer end cover 16 as a whole.
- the lugs 18 are covered with a protective cover 19, and the protective cover 19 is preferably made of elastic materials such as rubber, resin, etc., and has a certain elastic shock absorption effect and good wear resistance.
- avoidance holes 190 are provided in the protective sleeve 19 for accommodating the ends of screws, rivets and the like.
- the motor 100 of the present invention has an inner rotor structure, and the rotor assembly 20 is rotatably disposed in the center of the stator assembly 30 .
- the rotor assembly 20 is an embedded permanent magnet (IPM) structure, including a rotating shaft 22 , a rotor iron core 24 arranged around the rotating shaft 22 , and a plurality of permanent magnets 26 inserted into the rotor iron core 24 . And the plastic frame 28. Both the front and rear ends of the rotating shaft 22 protrude out of the rotor core 24, and the front end thereof passes through the housing 12 and is drivingly connected to a driving member 50 for driving a load connected to the driving member 50, such as a knife of a food processor, Rotate the stirring head etc.
- the end surface of the rear end of the rotating shaft 22 is provided with an induction magnetic block 29.
- the induction magnetic block 29 is in the shape of a flat cylinder and is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 22 through a collar 60.
- One end of the collar 60 is sleeved with the rotating shaft 22 to form an interference fit
- the other end is sleeved with the induction magnetic block 29 to form an interference fit.
- the induction magnetic block 29 may also be bonded to the collar 60 and the end of the rotating shaft.
- the Hall sensor 49 of the control assembly 40 can accurately detect the position of the rotor assembly 20 by sensing the magnet block 29 disposed at the side end of the rotating shaft 22 to control the operation of the motor 100 .
- a first bearing seat 120 is formed in the center of the housing 12
- a second bearing seat 140 is formed in the center of the inner end cover 14 .
- a bearing 62 is provided in the first bearing seat 120 and the second bearing seat 140 respectively.
- the bearing 62 can be a ball bearing, a sliding bearing, a ceramic bearing, etc., and is respectively sleeved on the front and rear ends of the rotating shaft 22 to support the rotation of the rotor assembly 20. Reduce noise generation.
- the center of the side end of the housing 12 is concave to a certain depth to reduce the height of the first bearing seat 120 protruding from the side end of the housing 12, thereby reducing the overall axial height of the motor 100, so that the motor 100
- the first bearing seat 120 is provided with a washer 122, and the washer 122 is preferably a corrugated meson, which is sandwiched between the first bearing seat 120 and the bearing 62 in the first bearing seat 120 in the axial direction to buffer the motor. 100 and the floating during load operation, reducing the noise generated by impacting the housing 10.
- the rotor core 24 is formed by stacking a plurality of silicon steel sheets along the axial direction of the motor 100 , and has a circular cylindrical structure as a whole, and a through hole is formed in the center to pass through the rotating shaft 22 .
- a plurality of insertion slots 240 are formed on the rotor iron core 24 .
- the insertion slots 240 are radially distributed around the rotating shaft 22 , and each insertion slot 240 extends along the radial direction of the rotor iron core 24 . In the axial direction, the insertion slot 240 penetrates through the rotor iron core 24 ; in the radial direction, the insertion slot 240 does not penetrate through the inner and outer side surfaces of the rotor iron core 24 .
- the permanent magnet 26 is a flat plate, preferably a ferrite, with a maximum magnetic energy product range of 3.8-4.9 MGOe, a remanence range of 3900-4400 Gs, and a coercive force range of 250-320 kA/m.
- the permanent magnets 26 are inserted into the corresponding insertion slots 240 of the rotor core 24 in the axial direction, and the centerline of the permanent magnets 26 is substantially coincident with the radial direction of the rotor core 24 .
- Each permanent magnet 26 is arranged radially and polarized in the thickness direction (circumferential direction), and the facing surfaces of the two adjacent permanent magnets 26 have the same polarity, so that the rotor core 24 is located between the two permanent magnets 26.
- the partial polarization between them constitutes one magnetic pole of the rotor assembly 20 .
- the rotor assembly 20 exhibits alternating N and S poles. The greater the number of magnetic poles of the rotor assembly 20, the higher the efficiency, but considering the overall size of the motor 100 and the difficulty of the manufacturing process, in the embodiment of the present invention, the number of magnetic poles of the rotor assembly 20 is set to 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, etc.
- the number of permanent magnets 26 is 12, and the number of magnetic poles of the rotor assembly 20 is 12.
- the permanent magnets 26 may also be arranged in the circumferential direction, and the shape of the permanent magnets 26 may be rectangular or tile-shaped, which is not limited to the specific embodiment.
- a through slot 242 is disposed in the center of each magnetic pole of the rotor core 24 to eliminate harmonic components and make the back electromotive force close to a sinusoidal curve, thereby improving the efficiency of the motor 100 .
- the arrangement of the through grooves 242 can also effectively reduce the weight of the rotor core 24 .
- there are two through-slots 242 on each magnetic pole wherein one through-slot 242a has a square cross-section, and the other through-slot 242b has a racetrack-shaped cross-section.
- the square through grooves 242a are located radially outside the racetrack-shaped through grooves 242b.
- the length direction of the square through slot 242a follows the circumferential direction of the rotor core 24, the length direction of the racetrack-shaped through slot 242b follows the radial direction of the rotor core 24, and the cross-sectional area of the square through slot 242a is smaller than that of the racetrack-shaped through slot 242b. area of the cross section. It should be understood that the number, size, shape, etc. of the through grooves 242 can be changed according to needs, and are not limited to the specific embodiment shown in the drawings.
- the plastic frame 28 is an injection molded part, integrally covering the rotor core 24 and the permanent magnet 26 .
- the rotating shaft 22, the rotor core 24 and the permanent magnet 26 can be pre-assembled and then placed in the injection mold, and then the plastic frame 28 can be injection-molded and the rotating shaft 22, the rotor core 24 and the permanent magnet 26 can be integrally connected, so that the
- the rotor assembly 20 is a non-detachable one-piece structure; or the rotor core 24 and the permanent magnets 26 can also be pre-assembled and placed in an injection mold, and the plastic frame 28 is injection-molded while integrally covering the rotor core 24 and the permanent magnets 26. Then, it is connected to the rotating shaft 22 by plugging.
- the rotating shaft 22 and the rotor core 24 can be an interference fit, or can be fixedly connected together by a key and a keyway, so as to realize the synchronous rotation of the rotor assembly 20 .
- the plastic frame 28 is provided with a number of balance holes 280 at the outer edges of the two axial sides of the plastic frame 28.
- the balance holes 280 may be countersunk holes distributed along the circumference of the plastic frame 28 for inserting balance pins (Fig. Not shown) to balance, reduce the noise when the rotor assembly 20 rotates.
- the stator assembly 30 includes a stator iron core 32 , a wire frame 34 covering the stator iron core 32 , and a coil (not shown) wound on the wire frame 34 .
- the stator core 32 is formed by stacking a plurality of silicon steel sheets, and includes an annular yoke 36 and a plurality of teeth 38 extending radially inward from the yoke 36 .
- the teeth 38 are evenly spaced in the circumferential direction, and together form an accommodating space 380 for accommodating the rotor assembly 20 .
- a tooth slot 382 is formed between adjacent tooth portions 38 , so that the coils can be wound on each tooth portion 38 in sequence.
- the motor 100 of the present invention is a three-phase DC brushless motor, and the coils of the stator assembly 30 are divided into three phases, namely U-phase, V-phase and W-phase, and the phase difference between the coils of each phase is 120 degrees.
- a thermal protector is also arranged near the coil, and when the temperature of the coil is higher than a predetermined temperature, the circuit is automatically cut off to prevent the motor 100 from being burned out by overheating.
- the bobbin 34 is made of insulating plastic, and separates the teeth 38 of the stator core 32 from the coil, so as to avoid the coil being worn and short-circuited.
- pins 39 are fixed on the wire rack 34, and the pins 39 pass through the inner end cover 14 to electrically connect the coil with the control assembly 40, so that the direction of the current flowing through the coil is periodically changed through the control assembly 40.
- the coils form an alternating magnetic field and act on the magnetic field of the rotor assembly 20 to push the rotor assembly 20 to rotate.
- stator iron core 32 and the pins 39 can be placed in the injection mold first, then the wire frame 34 can be injection-molded and the stator iron core 32 and the pins 39 are integrally connected, and finally the coil is wound on the wire frame 34 and The ends of the coils are soldered to pins 39.
- each tooth 38 constitutes a magnetic pole of the stator core 32 .
- the number of teeth 38 and coils is 18, correspondingly the number of tooth slots 382 is 18, the motor 100 as a whole has 12 poles and 18 slots, and the outer diameter of the stator core 32 is 100-150 mm. It can be understood that the number of teeth of the stator assembly 30 may also be other values.
- the control assembly 40 mainly includes a motor circuit board 42 , a power processing module 44 and a motor driving module 46 .
- the power processing module 44 and the motor driving module 46 are both disposed on the motor circuit board 42 , and the motor circuit board 42 is located in the second installation space 15 of the housing 10 of the motor 100 .
- the power processing module 44 includes an EMI module 442 and an AC-DC conversion module 444.
- the EMI module 442 is connected in series between the external power supply and the AC-DC conversion module 444, wherein the EMI module 442 is used for shielding electromagnetic interference, and the AC-DC conversion module 444 is used for for converting AC current to DC current.
- the motor driving module 46 includes a DC-DC module 462, a motor MCU 464 and an inverter 466, wherein the DC-DC module 462 is connected in series between the AC-DC conversion module 444 and the motor MCU 464, and reduces the voltage to supply power to the motor MCU 464;
- the input end of the inverter 466 is connected to the AC-DC conversion module 444 and the motor MCU 464 respectively, and the output end is connected to the motor 100 .
- the motor driving module 46 can be connected to the main control circuit board of the food processor, and the main control circuit board is the control unit of the entire food processor and is disposed outside the housing 10 of the motor 100 .
- the main control circuit board communicates with the motor MCU 464 through cables or wirelessly, and the motor MCU 464 controls the operation of the motor 100 according to the instructions of the main control circuit board, such as starting, stopping, speed adjustment, forward rotation, reverse rotation, etc. of the motor 100
- the main control circuit board also coordinates the operation of the entire equipment according to the feedback of the motor MCU 464.
- the motor circuit board 42 is arranged at intervals from the inner end cover 14, and the motor circuit board 42 is arranged with many electronic components, such as the side where the power processing module 44 and the motor drive module 46 are arranged facing outwards
- the end cap 16 ensures that the heat can be dissipated smoothly towards the outer end cap 16 .
- the outer end cap 16 is made of a material with good thermal conductivity, such as aluminum or aluminum alloy. More preferably, a plurality of fins 160 are formed on the outer wall surface of the outer end cover 16 to increase the heat exchange area between the outer end cover 16 and the surrounding air, so that the heat of the control assembly 40 can be dissipated as quickly as possible through the outer end cover 16 .
- the Hall sensor 49 is disposed on the side of the motor circuit board 42 facing the inner end cover 14 and facing the induction magnet block 29 to accurately sense the position of the rotor assembly 20 and feed back the signal to the motor MCU 464 to control the operation of the motor 100 .
- the motor drive module 46 may only be arranged in the housing 10 of the motor 100 , such as arranged on the motor circuit board 42 , and the power supply
- the processing module 44 is arranged outside the housing 10 of the motor 100, such as being arranged on the main control circuit board 70 of the food processor, etc., to reduce crosstalk; alternatively, as shown in FIG. 10, the power processing module 44 and the motor driving module can also be combined 46 are all disposed outside the housing 10 of the motor 100, such as all disposed on the main control circuit board 70 of the food processor.
- the installation position and connection method of each electronic component of the control assembly 40 can be determined according to the specific structure of the food processor.
- the DC-DC module 462 may also be placed in the power processing module 44 , such as integrated in the AD-DC conversion module 444 , rather than in the motor driving module 46 .
- the invention can also be applied to a variety of equipment such as industrial fans, blowers and pumps, machine tools, power tools, vehicles and medical compressors, among others.
- the food processor of the present invention adopts a three-phase brushless DC motor as a drive, which can effectively improve the shortcomings of large torque ripple and large vibration and noise when the switched reluctance motor rotates, meet people's increasingly stringent requirements for noise, and has a compact structure as a whole. Controllable size, smooth operation and high efficiency.
- the motor of the present invention can also be used in other application equipment, such as compressors and the like.
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Abstract
本发明公开一种电机及应用该电机的食物处理器,所述电机为三相电机,包括定子组件和相对所述定子组件转动的转子组件,所述定子组件包括定子铁芯以及绕设于所述定子铁芯上的线圈;所述转子组件包括转轴、套设于所述转轴上的转子铁芯以及插接于所述转子铁芯中的若干永磁铁,所述转子铁芯形成有若干插接槽,每一插接槽沿所述转子铁芯的径向延伸,所述若干永磁铁***至所述插接槽内并环绕所述转轴呈辐射状分布,本发明食物处理器采用三相无刷直流电机作为驱动,可以有效改善开关磁阻电机旋转时转矩脉动大、振动噪声大的缺点,满足人们对于噪声日益严苛的要求,整体上结构紧凑、尺寸可控、运行平稳且高效。
Description
本发明涉及电机领域特别是涉及一种食物处理器的电机。
电机作为最常见的动力源,广泛应用于各行各业,如用于食物处理器如豆浆机、料理机等,辅助用户加工食物、改善生活。工业风扇、鼓风机和泵、机床、家用电器、电动工具、车辆和医疗压缩机。
现有食物处理器的驱动电机大多采用开关磁阻电机,其具有结构简单、可靠性高等优点,但是开关磁阻电机因为采用凸极结构,其转子在旋转时,特别是在低速旋转时存在转矩脉动大、振动噪声大的缺点,无法满足现今人们对低环境噪声的要求。
有鉴于此,有必要提供一种转矩脉动小、噪声低的电机和采用该电机的应用设备如食物处理器或压缩机。
本发明提供一种电机,所述电机为三相电机,包括定子组件和相对所述定子组件转动的转子组件,所述定子组件包括定子铁芯以及绕设于所述定子铁芯上的线圈;所述转子组件包括转轴、套设于所述转轴上的转子铁芯以及插接于所述转子铁芯中的若干永磁铁,所述转子铁芯形成有若干插接槽,每一插接槽沿所述转子铁芯的径向延伸,所述若干永磁铁***至所述插接槽内并环绕所述转轴呈辐射状分布。
进一步地,所述电机的定子铁芯的外径为100~150mm,所述转子组件的磁极数为8、10、12、14或16,所述永磁铁为磁能积范围在3.8~4.9MGOe、剩磁范围在3900~4400Gs,矫顽力范围在250~320kA/m的铁氧体。
进一步地,所述转轴的侧端通过一套环连接有与霍尔元件配合的感应磁块,所述套环的一端与所述转轴的侧端过盈配合、另一端与所述感应磁块过盈配合,或者所述感应磁块粘接于所述套环的另一端。
进一步地,所述转子铁芯在相邻的两个所述永磁铁的中央位置设置有通槽,每相邻的两个所述永磁铁之间的通槽为两个且形状不同。
进一步地,其中一所述通槽的横截面为方形且其长度方向顺延所述转子铁芯的周向,另一所述通槽的横截面为跑道形且其长度方向顺延所述转子铁芯的径向。
进一步地,所述横截面为方形的通槽设置于所述横截面为跑道形的通槽的径向外侧,所述横截面为方形的通槽的横截面面积小于所述横截面为跑道形的通槽的横截面面积。
进一步地,所述转子还包括一体包覆所述转子铁芯和永磁体的塑胶架,所述塑胶架的轴向侧端的外边缘位置处设置若干平衡孔,用于插接平衡销对所述转子做平衡。
进一步地,还包括感应所述线圈温度的热保护器。
进一步地,还包括***述定子组件和转子组件的外壳,所述外壳包括壳体和盖设于所述壳体上的内端盖,所述壳体的中央内凹形成第一轴承座,所述内端盖的中央形成第二轴承座,所述第一轴承座和第二轴承座内分别设置一轴承支撑所述转轴,所述转轴的一端穿过所述壳体并与一驱动件连接。
进一步地,所述壳体和内端盖的外壁面形成有若干凸耳,所述凸耳上设置有通孔用于供螺钉穿过将所述壳体和内端盖固定;所述凸耳外套设有弹性保护套,所述保护套内设置有对应螺钉的避让孔。
本发明还提供一种食物处理器,包括上述电机。
进一步地,所述电机还包括控制组件,所述控制组件包括电源处理模块和电机驱动模块,所述电源处理模块包括EMI模块和AC-DC转换模块,所述电机驱动模块包括DC-DC转换模块、电机MCU以及逆变器,所述DC-DC转换模块连接于所述AC-DC转换模块和电机MCU之间,所述逆变器的输入端分别与所述AC-DC转换模块和电机MCU连接、输出端与所述电机的线圈连接,所述电机MCU与所述食物处理器的主控电路板连接。
进一步地,所述电机还包括***述定子和转子的外壳以及设置于所述外壳内的电机电路板,所述电机电路板与所述定子的线圈电性连接,所述电源处理模块和电机驱动模块均位于所述电机的外壳内并设置于所述电机电路板上;或者,所述电机驱动模块位于所述电机的外壳内并设置于所述电机电路板上,所述电源处理模块位于所述电机的外壳之外并设置于所述主控电路板上;或者,所述电源处理模块和电机驱动模块均位于所述电机的外壳之外并设置于所述主控电路板上。
相较于现有技术,本发明食物处理器采用三相无刷直流电机作为驱动,可以有效改善开关磁阻电机旋转时转矩脉动大、振动噪声大的缺点,满足人们对于噪声日益严苛的要求,整体上结构紧凑、尺寸可控、运行平稳且高效。
图1为本发明食物处理器的电机一实施例的示意图。
图2为图1所示电机的剖视图。
图3为图1所示电机的另一角度视图。
图4为图3的***图。
图5为图4的另一角度视图。
图6为图4中电机的转子组件的进一步***图。
图7为图5中电机的定子组件的进一步***图。
图8为本发明食物处理器第一实施例的电路方框图。
图9为本发明食物处理器第二实施例的电路方框图。
图10为本发明食物处理器第三实施例的电路方框图。
为了便于理解本发明,下面将参照相关附图对本发明进行更全面的描述。附图中示例性地给出了本发明的一个或多个实施例,以使得本发明所公开的技术方案的理解更为准确、透彻。但是,应当理解的是,本发明可以以多种不同的形式来实现,并不限于以下所描述的实施例。
本发明附图中相同或相似的标号对应相同或相似的部件;在本发明的描述中,需要理解的是,若有术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此附图中描述位置关系的用语仅用于示例性说明,不能理解为对本专利的限制,对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以根据具体情况理解上述术语的具体含义。
本发明提供一种电机100,可应用于压缩机,食物处理器如搅拌器、混合器、榨汁机、豆浆机、料理机等。如图1-5所示,根据本发明一具体实施例的电机100包括外壳10和设置于外壳10内的转子组件20、定子组件30、控制组件40。
外壳10整体呈圆柱状结构,包括壳体12、内端盖14以及外端盖16。其中,壳体12为一端开口的圆筒状结构,内端盖14为圆盘状结构,内端盖14罩盖至壳体12的开口端并共同构成第一安装空间13,用于装配定子组件30和转子组件20。外端盖16呈一端开口的圆筒状结构,其开口端与内端盖14装配并共同构成第二安装空间15,用于装配控制组件40。壳体12的轴向高度远大于外端盖16的轴向高度,第一安装空间13的尺寸远大于第二安装空间15。图示实施例中,壳体12、内端盖14以及外端盖16的外壁面上形成有若干凸耳18,凸耳18上形成有相对应的固定孔180,装配时可以利用螺钉、铆钉等固定件穿过固定孔180而将壳体12、内端盖14以及外端盖16固定连接为一体。
较佳地,凸耳18上包覆有保护套19,保护套19优选地由橡胶、树脂等弹性材料制成,具有一定的弹性减震作用并且有较好的耐磨性。相应地,保护套19内设置有避让孔190,用于容纳螺钉、铆钉等的端部。在将电机100装配至食物处理器内时,通过保护套19将电机100卡入至食物处理器相对应的安装部的槽口内即可,保护套19与槽口优选地过盈配合将电机100固定至食物处理器内,保证电机100运行时的稳定,减小噪音的产生。应当理解地,电机100与食物处理器的装配并不限于过盈配合,也可以是卡扣、螺合、铆合、焊接等,不以本具体实施例为限。
请同时参阅图6和图7,本发明电机100为内转子结构,转子组件20可转动地设置于定子组件30的中央。
如图4和图6所示,转子组件20为嵌入式永磁铁(IPM)结构,包括转轴22、环套转轴22设置的转子铁芯24、插接于转子铁芯24中的若干永磁铁26以及塑胶架28。转轴22的前后两端均伸出转子铁芯24之外,其中前端穿过壳体12并与一驱动件50传动连接,用以驱动与驱动件50连接的负载,如食物处理器的刀具、搅拌头等旋转。转轴22的后端的端面上设置有感应磁块29,感应磁块29呈扁平圆柱状,通过一套环60与转轴22固定连接,套环60一端与转轴22相套接并形成过盈配合、另一端与感应磁块29相套接并形成过盈配合。其他实施方式中,感应磁块29也可以粘接于套环60以及转轴末端。装配后,控制组件40的Hall传感器49元件能通过感应转轴22侧端设置的磁块29来精准地检测转子组件20的位置进而控制电机100的运行。
一并参阅图2,壳体12的中央形成有第一轴承座120,内端盖14的中央形成有第二轴承座140。第一轴承座120、第二轴承座140内分别设置一轴承62,轴承62可以是滚珠轴承、滑动轴承、陶瓷轴承等,分别套接于转轴22的前后两端以支撑转子组件20的转动,减少噪音的产生。图示实施例中,壳体12的侧端的中央内凹一定深度,以减小第一轴承座120突出壳体12的侧端的高度,进而减小电机100整体上的轴向高度,使得电机100的结构更为紧凑、体积更小。较佳地,第一轴承座120内设置有垫圈122,垫圈122优选地为波形介子,在轴向上夹置于第一轴承座120和第一轴承座120内的轴承62之间,缓冲电机100以及负载运行过程中的浮动,减小撞击外壳10产生的噪音。
转子铁芯24由若干矽钢片沿着电机100轴向层叠而成,整体呈圆环柱状结构,中央形成有通孔穿设转轴22。转子铁芯24上形成有若干插接槽240,插接槽240环绕转轴22呈辐射状分布,每一插接槽240沿转子铁芯24的径向延伸。在轴向上,插接槽240贯穿转子铁芯24;在径向上,插接槽240并未贯穿转子铁芯24的内外侧面。永磁铁26为平板状,优选地为铁氧体,最大磁能积范围为3.8~4.9 MGOe,剩磁范围为3900~4400Gs,矫顽力范围为250~320kA/m。装配时,永磁铁26沿轴向嵌入至转子铁芯24相应的插接槽240,永磁铁26的中心线与转子铁芯24的径向基本重合。
每一永磁铁26沿径向设置并其厚度方向(周向)极化,相邻的两块永磁铁26的相向表面具有相同极性,以将转子铁芯24位于该两个永磁铁26之间的部分极化,构成转子组件20的一个磁极。在周向上,转子组件20表现为交替的N极和S极。转子组件20的磁极数越多效率越高,但考虑到电机100的整体尺寸以及制造工艺的难度,本发明实施例中将转子组件20的磁极数设置为8、10、12、14、16等,如图示实施例中,永磁铁26的数量为12,转子组件20的磁极数为12。在其它实施例中,永磁铁26也可以沿周向设置,其形状可以是矩形或者瓦形等,不以具体实施例为限。
较佳地,转子铁芯24的每一磁极的中央设置有通槽242,消除谐波分量使反电动势接近正弦曲线,提升电机100的效率。另外,通槽242的设置还可以有效减轻转子铁芯24的重量。图示实施例中,每一磁极上的通槽242为两个,其中一个通槽242a的横截面为方形、另一通槽242b的横截面为跑道形。方形通槽242a位于跑道形通槽242b的径向外侧。方形通槽242a的长度方向顺延转子铁芯24的周向,跑道形通槽242b的长度方向顺延转子铁芯24的径向,方形通槽242a的横截面的面积小于跑道形通槽242b的横截面的面积。应当理解地,通槽242的数量、尺寸、形状等可以根据需要做相应的改变,不限于图示的具体实施例。
塑胶架28为注塑件,一体包覆于转子铁芯24和永磁铁26上。在制程上,可以将转轴22、转子铁芯24以及永磁铁26预组装后再置于注塑模具内,然后注塑成型塑胶架28并将转轴22、转子铁芯24以及永磁铁26一体连接,使得转子组件20为不可拆的一体结构;或者也可以将转子铁芯24和永磁铁26预组装后置于注塑模具内,注塑成型塑胶架28的同时一体包覆转子铁芯24和永磁铁26,然后再与转轴22插接相连,此时转轴22与转子铁芯24可以是过盈配合,也可以通过键与键槽配合等固定连接为一体,以实现转子组件20的同步转动。较佳地,塑胶架28在其轴向两侧的外边缘位置处设置有若干平衡孔280,平衡孔280可以是沉孔,沿塑胶架28的周向分布,用于插接平衡销(图未示)做平衡,减小转子组件20旋转时的噪音。
请同时参阅图5和图7,定子组件30包括定子铁芯32、包覆于定子铁芯32上的线架34以及绕设于线架34上的线圈(图未示)。
定子铁芯32由多个矽钢片堆叠而成,包括圆环形的轭部36以及由轭部36沿径向向内延伸的若干齿部38。各个齿部38在周向上均匀间隔设置,共同围成一收容转子组件20的容置空间380。相邻的齿部38之间形成齿槽382,方便将线圈顺序绕设至各个齿部38上。较佳地,本发明电机100为三相直流无刷电机,定子组件30的线圈分成三相,即U相、V相和W相,各相线圈在相位上互差120度。较佳地,线圈附近还设置有热保护器,在线圈温度高于某一预定温度时自动切断电路防止过热烧坏电机100。
线架34为绝缘塑料制成,将定子铁芯32的齿部38与线圈隔开,避免线圈磨损而短路。较佳地,线架34上固定设置有插针39,插针39穿过内端盖14将线圈与控制组件40电性连接,从而通过控制组件40周期性地改变流过线圈的电流的方向,线圈形成交变的磁场与转子组件20的磁场相作用而推动转子组件20转动。在制程上,可以先将定子铁芯32、插针39置于注塑模具内,然后注塑成型线架34并将定子铁芯32和插针39一体连接,最后在线架34上绕设线圈并将线圈的末端焊接至插针39上。
线圈通电产生的磁场将定子铁芯32极化,其每一齿部38构成定子铁芯32的一个磁极。图示实施例中,齿部38、线圈的数量为18,相应地齿槽382的数量为18,电机100整体上为12极18槽,定子铁芯32的外径为100~150mm。可以理解的是,定子组件30的齿槽数还可以为其它值。
如图4-5和图8所示,控制组件40主要包括电机电路板42、电源处理模块44和电机驱动模块46。
图8所示实施例中,电源处理模块44和电机驱动模块46均设置于电机电路板42上,电机电路板42位于电机100的外壳10的第二安装空间15内。电源处理模块44包括EMI模块442和AC-DC转换模块444,EMI模块442串联于外部电源与AC-DC转换模块444之间,其中EMI模块442用于屏蔽电磁干扰,AC-DC转换模块444用于将AC电流转换为DC电流。电机驱动模块46包括DC-DC模块462、电机MCU 464以及逆变器466,其中,DC-DC模块462串联于AC-DC转换模块444与电机MCU 464之间,降低电压为电机MCU 464供电;逆变器466的输入端分别与AC-DC转换模块444、电机MCU 464连接,输出端与电机100连接。
电机驱动模块46可以与食物处理器的主控电路板相连,主控电路板是整个食物处理器的控制单元,设置于电机100的外壳10之外。主控电路板与电机MCU 464通过电缆或无线方式进行通讯,电机MCU 464根据主控电路板的指令控制电机100的运行,如进行电机100的启动、停止、速度调节、正转、反转等操作来处理相应食材,主控电路板还根据电机MCU 464的反馈协调整个设备的运行。
一并参阅图2、5及图8,电机电路板42与内端盖14间隔设置,电机电路板42布置有众多电子元件,如布置有电源处理模块44和电机驱动模块46的一侧朝向外端盖16,确保热量能顺利地朝向外端盖16散发。较佳地,外端盖16由导热性能良好的材料,如铝或铝合金等制成。更佳地,外端盖16的外壁面形成有若干翅片160,加大外端盖16与周围空气的热交换面积,使得控制组件40的热量能够通过外端盖16尽快地向外散发。Hall传感器49设置于电机电路板42朝向内端盖14的一侧并正对感应磁块29,以准确地感测转子组件20的位置并将信号反馈至电机MCU 464,控制电机100的运行。
出于结构空间的和成本上的考虑,在其它实施例中,如图9所示,可以仅将电机驱动模块46设置于电机100的外壳10内,如设置于电机电路板42上,将电源处理模块44设置于电机100的外壳10之外,如设置于食物处理器的主控电路板70上等,减少串扰;或者,如图10所示,也可以将电源处理模块44和电机驱动模块46均设置于电机100的外壳10之外,如均设置于食物处理器的主控电路板70上。在实际应用中,可以根据食物处理器的具体结构确定控制组件40的各个电子元件的安装位置以及连接方式等,如可以通过连接器及线缆等实现电子元件之间的电连接及通讯等,也可以采用无线方式确保电子元件间的通讯。另外,其他实施方式中,所述DC-DC模块462也可以置于所述电源处理模块44内,如集成于AD-DC转换模块444内,而不设于电机驱动模块46内。该发明也可以应用于多种设备如工业风扇、鼓风机和泵、机床、电动工具、车辆和医疗压缩机等。
本发明食物处理器采用三相无刷直流电机作为驱动,可以有效改善开关磁阻电机旋转时转矩脉动大、振动噪声大的缺点,满足人们对于噪声日益严苛的要求,整体上结构紧凑、尺寸可控、运行平稳且高效。本发明的电机也可以用于其他应用设备,如压缩机等。
需要说明的是,本发明并不局限于上述实施方式,根据本发明的创造精神,本领域技术人员还可以做出其他变化,这些依据本发明的创造精神所做的变化,都应包含在本发明所要求保护的范围之内。
Claims (13)
- 一种电机,所述电机为三相电机,包括定子组件和相对所述定子组件转动的转子组件,其特征在于,所述定子组件包括定子铁芯以及绕设于所述定子铁芯上的线圈;所述转子组件包括转轴、套设于所述转轴上的转子铁芯以及插接于所述转子铁芯中的若干永磁铁,所述转子铁芯形成有若干插接槽,每一插接槽沿所述转子铁芯的径向延伸,所述若干永磁铁***至所述插接槽内并环绕所述转轴呈辐射状分布。
- 如权利要求1所述的电机,其特征在于,所述电机的定子铁芯的外径为100~150mm,所述转子组件的磁极数为8、10、12、14或16,所述永磁铁为磁能积范围在3.8~4.9MGOe、剩磁范围在3900~4400Gs,矫顽力范围在250~320kA/m的铁氧体。
- 如权利要求1所述的电机,其特征在于,所述转轴的侧端通过一套环连接有与霍尔元件配合的感应磁块,所述套环的一端与所述转轴的侧端过盈配合、另一端与所述感应磁块过盈配合,或者所述感应磁块粘接于所述套环的另一端。
- 如权利要求1所述的电机,其特征在于,所述转子铁芯在相邻的两个所述永磁铁的中央位置设置有通槽,每相邻的两个所述永磁铁之间的通槽为两个且形状不同。
- 如权利要求4所述的电机,其特征在于,其中一所述通槽的横截面为方形且其长度方向顺延所述转子铁芯的周向,另一所述通槽的横截面为跑道形且其长度方向顺延所述转子铁芯的径向。
- 如权利要求5所述的电机,其特征在于,所述横截面为方形的通槽设置于所述横截面为跑道形的通槽的径向外侧,所述横截面为方形的通槽的横截面面积小于所述横截面为跑道形的通槽的横截面面积。
- 如权利要求1所述的电机,其特征在于,所述转子还包括一体包覆所述转子铁芯和永磁体的塑胶架,所述塑胶架的轴向的外边缘位置处设置若干平衡孔,用于插接平衡销对所述转子做平衡。
- 如权利要求1所述的电机,其特征在于,还包括感应所述线圈温度的热保护器。
- 如权利要求1-8任一项所述的电机,其特征在于,还包括***述定子组件和转子组件的外壳,所述外壳包括壳体和盖设于所述壳体上的内端盖,所述壳体的中央内凹形成第一轴承座,所述内端盖的中央形成第二轴承座,所述第一轴承座和第二轴承座内分别设置一轴承支撑所述转轴,所述转轴的一端穿过所述壳体并与一驱动件连接。
- 如权利要求9所述的电机,其特征在于,所述壳体和内端盖的外壁面形成有若干凸耳,所述凸耳上设置有通孔用于供螺钉穿过将所述壳体和内端盖固定;所述凸耳外套设有弹性保护套,所述保护套内设置有对应螺钉的避让孔。
- 一种食物处理器,其特征在于,包括权利要求1-10任一项所述的电机。
- 如权利要求11所述的食物处理器,其特征在于,还包括电机控制组件,所述控制组件包括电源处理模块和电机驱动模块,所述电源处理模块包括EMI模块和AC-DC转换模块,所述电机驱动模块包括DC-DC转换模块、电机MCU以及逆变器,所述DC-DC转换模块连接于所述AC-DC转换模块和电机MCU之间,所述逆变器的输入端分别与所述AC-DC转换模块和电机MCU连接、输出端与所述电机的线圈连接,所述电机MCU与所述食物处理器的主控电路板上的主控制器连接。
- 如权利要求12所述的食物处理器,其特征在于,所述电机还包括***述定子和转子的外壳以及设置于所述外壳内的电机电路板,所述电机电路板与所述定子的线圈电性连接,所述电源处理模块和电机驱动模块均位于所述电机的外壳内并设置于所述电机电路板上;或者,所述电机驱动模块位于所述电机的外壳内并设置于所述电机电路板上,所述电源处理模块位于所述电机的外壳之外;或者,所述电源处理模块和电机驱动模块均位于所述电机的外壳之外并设置于所述主控电路板上。
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Citations (6)
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US5091668A (en) * | 1989-12-08 | 1992-02-25 | Gec Alsthom Sa | Motor having flux-concentrating permanent magnets |
CN101890421A (zh) * | 2009-05-20 | 2010-11-24 | 上海万帝智能科技有限公司 | 智能化食物垃圾处理机 |
CN206211783U (zh) * | 2016-11-14 | 2017-05-31 | 常州鼎唐电机有限公司 | 一种高速电机霍尔感应测速磁环固定结构 |
CN210167931U (zh) * | 2019-07-01 | 2020-03-20 | 广东德昌电机有限公司 | 电机、具有该电机的吸尘器滚刷和家用电器 |
CN211530875U (zh) * | 2020-03-02 | 2020-09-18 | 中山大洋电机股份有限公司 | 一种电机 |
CN215452756U (zh) * | 2021-04-23 | 2022-01-07 | 广东德昌电机有限公司 | 食物处理器及其电机 |
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- 2021-05-10 DE DE202021102522.0U patent/DE202021102522U1/de active Active
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Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US5091668A (en) * | 1989-12-08 | 1992-02-25 | Gec Alsthom Sa | Motor having flux-concentrating permanent magnets |
CN101890421A (zh) * | 2009-05-20 | 2010-11-24 | 上海万帝智能科技有限公司 | 智能化食物垃圾处理机 |
CN206211783U (zh) * | 2016-11-14 | 2017-05-31 | 常州鼎唐电机有限公司 | 一种高速电机霍尔感应测速磁环固定结构 |
CN210167931U (zh) * | 2019-07-01 | 2020-03-20 | 广东德昌电机有限公司 | 电机、具有该电机的吸尘器滚刷和家用电器 |
CN211530875U (zh) * | 2020-03-02 | 2020-09-18 | 中山大洋电机股份有限公司 | 一种电机 |
CN215452756U (zh) * | 2021-04-23 | 2022-01-07 | 广东德昌电机有限公司 | 食物处理器及其电机 |
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