WO2022215425A1 - プレス成形品の製造方法 - Google Patents
プレス成形品の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022215425A1 WO2022215425A1 PCT/JP2022/010423 JP2022010423W WO2022215425A1 WO 2022215425 A1 WO2022215425 A1 WO 2022215425A1 JP 2022010423 W JP2022010423 W JP 2022010423W WO 2022215425 A1 WO2022215425 A1 WO 2022215425A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- steel
- plating layer
- plate
- steel plate
- steel plates
- Prior art date
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 294
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 294
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 127
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical group [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 112
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004993 emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
- B21D22/26—Deep-drawing for making peculiarly, e.g. irregularly, shaped articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/02—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating by means of a press ; Diffusion bonding
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C18/00—Alloys based on zinc
- C22C18/04—Alloys based on zinc with aluminium as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
Definitions
- This disclosure relates to a method for manufacturing a press-molded product.
- a press-formed product has been widely used as members that make up the body of automobiles.
- a press-formed product is manufactured, for example, by subjecting a steel plate, which is a raw material, to hot press working (hot stamping).
- steel sheets with different thicknesses are often used as materials for press-formed products.
- a differential thickness steel plate is, for example, a patchwork blank configured by stacking a plurality of steel plates. In the patchwork blank, it is possible to freely design the position and range of the thick-walled region, the plate thickness difference between the thick-walled region and the thin-walled region, and the like.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a technique of joining steel sheets using a plating layer between the steel sheets.
- Patent Literature 1 when manufacturing a press-formed product, steel sheets having zinc or aluminum plating layers on both sides are stacked and brought into a heating furnace for heating. This heating melts the plating layer. Next, the steel sheets are removed from the heating furnace while being superimposed, and the steel sheets are molded into a predetermined shape using a mold and cooled.
- Patent Literature 1 describes that the molten plating layer is solidified by cooling using a mold, and the steel sheets are welded together.
- Patent Literature 1 the steel sheets that are simply superimposed are heated to melt the plating layer, and then the plating layer is solidified.
- the steel plates are simply superimposed on each other, there will be microscopic gaps between the steel plates.
- the temperature of the air entering the gap is increased by heating the steel sheets, the problem arises that the air expands and separates the superimposed steel sheets. Therefore, in the technique of Patent Literature 1, the superimposed steel sheets are less likely to adhere due to re-solidification of the plating layer, and the joining of the steel sheets becomes insufficient.
- An object of the present disclosure is to easily and satisfactorily join superimposed steel plates together in a method of manufacturing a press-formed product using a plurality of steel plates.
- a manufacturing method is a method for manufacturing a press-formed product.
- This manufacturing method comprises the following (a) to (c). (a) superimposing a first steel plate having a plating layer on its surface with a second steel plate such that the plating layer is disposed between the first steel plate and the second steel plate; (b) superimposed first steel plate; and pressing the second steel plate in the plate thickness direction to adhere it (c) heating the adhered first steel plate and second steel plate to the melting point of the coating layer or higher
- FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing a press-formed product according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining preparatory steps included in the manufacturing method according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram for explaining a pressurizing step included in the manufacturing method according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is another schematic diagram for explaining the pressurizing step included in the manufacturing method according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram for explaining a molding step included in the manufacturing method according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is another schematic diagram for explaining the molding process included in the manufacturing method according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a press-formed product manufactured by the manufacturing method according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a photograph showing the surface of the peeled steel sheet for each of the examples and the comparative examples.
- FIG. 9 is an observation image of the surface of the steel plate shown in FIG.
- a manufacturing method is a method for manufacturing a press-formed product.
- This manufacturing method includes the following (a) to (c) (first configuration). (a) superimposing a first steel plate having a plating layer on its surface with a second steel plate such that the plating layer is disposed between the first steel plate and the second steel plate; (b) superimposed first steel plate; and pressing the second steel plate in the plate thickness direction to adhere it (c) heating the adhered first steel plate and second steel plate to the melting point of the coating layer or higher
- the first steel plate and the second steel plate that are superimposed are pressurized in advance. Thereby, the first steel plate and the second steel plate are brought into close contact with each other, and a microscopic gap between the first steel plate and the second steel plate can be reduced or substantially eliminated. That is, since it is possible to prevent air from entering between the first steel plate and the second steel plate that are superimposed, when the first steel plate and the second steel plate that are in close contact with each other are heated to the melting point of the coating layer or higher, the second steel plate It is possible to suppress the expansion of air between the first steel plate and the second steel plate and push aside the melted coating layer.
- the fixation due to resolidification of the plating layer generated between the first steel sheet and the second steel sheet is less likely to be inhibited. Therefore, it is possible to satisfactorily join the first steel sheet and the second steel sheet over a wide area by utilizing the fixation due to re-solidification of the plating layer.
- the first steel plate and the second steel plate can be easily joined without performing a joining operation such as brazing by utilizing fixation due to re-solidification of the plating layer.
- the close contact between the first steel plate and the second steel plate is preferably crimping (second configuration).
- the plating layer may be a zinc-based plating layer or an aluminum-based plating layer (third configuration).
- the second steel plate can have a plating layer on its surface.
- the first steel sheet and the second steel sheet may be superimposed so that the plating layers face each other (fourth configuration).
- the plating layer of the second steel sheet may be the same type of plating layer as the plating layer of the first steel sheet (fifth configuration).
- the manufacturing method according to this embodiment is a method of manufacturing a press-formed product by hot press working (hot stamping).
- Press-molded products are used, for example, as structural members that form part of the body of an automobile.
- Structural members are, for example, A-pillar reinforcements, B-pillar reinforcements, bumper reinforcements, tunnel reinforcements, side sill reinforcements, roof reinforcements, floor cross members, and the like.
- FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing a press-formed product according to this embodiment.
- the manufacturing method according to this embodiment includes a preparation step S1, a pressurization step S2, a heating step S3, and a molding step S4. Each step will be specifically described below.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining the preparation step S1.
- a plurality of steel plates 10, 20, which are materials for press-formed products are prepared.
- two steel plates 10 and 20 are prepared.
- the area of the surface of the steel plate 20 (the surface substantially perpendicular to the plate thickness direction) is larger than the area of the surface of the steel plate 10 (the surface substantially perpendicular to the plate thickness direction). is also small.
- the plate thickness of the steel plate 20 may be the same as the plate thickness of the steel plate 10, or may be different.
- the steel plate 10 or the steel plate 20 has a plating layer on at least one surface.
- each of steel plates 10 and 20 has a plating layer on at least one surface. That is, at least one of the steel sheets 10 and 20 is a plated steel sheet.
- the steel sheet 10 is a plated steel sheet
- the steel sheet 20 may be a plated steel sheet or a so-called bare material (steel sheet without a plating layer).
- the steel sheet 20 is a plated steel sheet
- the steel sheet 10 may be a plated steel sheet or a bare material.
- the materials of the steel plates 10 and 20 as base materials may be the same or different.
- the materials of the steel plates 10 and 20 are not particularly limited and can be selected as appropriate.
- the plating layer may be a zinc-based plating layer or an aluminum-based plating layer.
- the zinc-based plating layer is, for example, a zinc plating layer or a zinc alloy plating layer.
- the galvanized layer is a plated layer containing zinc (Zn) as a main component.
- the zinc alloy plating layer is a plating layer containing a zinc alloy as a main component. -Al--Mg-based plating layer and the like.
- a zinc-based plating layer for example, hot-dip Zn plating, alloyed hot-dip Zn (eg, Zn-10% Fe) plating, hot-dip Zn-55% Al-1.6% Si plating, hot-dip Zn- 11% Al plating, Hot dip Zn-11% Al-3% Mg plating, Hot dip Zn-6% Al-3% Mg plating, Hot dip Zn-11% Al-3% Mg-0.2% Si plating, Electric Zn plating , electric Zn--Ni plating, and electric Zn--Co plating (% means % by mass).
- the zinc-based plating layer may be composed of vapor deposition plating having the same components as any of these platings.
- the aluminum-based plating layer is, for example, an aluminum plating layer or an aluminum alloy plating layer.
- the aluminum plating layer is a plating layer containing aluminum (Al) as a main component
- the aluminum alloy plating layer is a plating layer containing an aluminum alloy as a main component.
- the aluminum-based plating layer can have the following chemical composition. That is, the aluminum-based plating layer is, for example, in mass %, Si: 0.05 to 15.00%, Zn: 0 to 30.00%, Mg: 0 to 5.00%, Fe: 0 to 10.00 %, and Ca: 0 to 3.00%, the balance being Al and impurities of 1% or less. In this chemical composition, the content of Mg is preferably 3.00% or less, and the content of Si is preferably 5.00% or more.
- the aluminum-based plating layer having the above basic chemical composition further optionally contains, in mass %, Sb: 0 to 0.50%, Pb: 0 to 0.50%, Cu: 0 to 1.00%, Sn: 0-1.00%, Ti: 0-1.00%, Sr: 0-0.50%, Cr: 0-1.00%, Ni: 0-1.00%, and Mn: 0- You may contain 1 type(s) or 2 or more types in 1.00%.
- the total content of these optionally added elements is preferably 5.00% or less, more preferably 2.00% or less.
- each of Sb and Pb is preferably 0.20% or less.
- Each content of Cu, Sn, and Ti is preferably 0.80% or less, more preferably 0.50% or less.
- the contents of Sb, Pb, Cu, Sn, and Ti may each be 0.01% or more.
- the Sr content is preferably 0.30% or less, more preferably 0.10% or less.
- the content of Sr can be 0.01% or more.
- the respective contents of Cr, Ni and Mn are preferably 0.50% or less, more preferably 0.10% or less.
- the contents of Cr, Ni, and Mn are each preferably 0.01% or more.
- the chemical composition (average composition) of the plating layer is determined, for example, by dissolving the plating layer in an acid solution containing an inhibitor that suppresses corrosion of the steel base material, and analyzing the resulting solution by ICP (inductively coupled plasma) emission spectroscopy. It can be obtained by measuring.
- FIG.3 and FIG.4 is a schematic diagram for demonstrating pressurization process S2.
- the pressurizing step S2 the superimposed steel plates 10 and 20 are pressurized in the plate thickness direction to be brought into close contact with each other. Pressurization of the board assembly 30 can be performed using a known press machine 40, for example.
- the steel plates 10 and 20 are first overlapped.
- the steel plates 10 and 20 are superimposed such that the entire surface 21 of the steel plate 20 is in contact with the surface 11 of the steel plate 10 .
- the steel plates 10 and 20 in a superimposed state may be referred to as a set of plates 30 .
- the steel sheets 10 and 20 are superimposed so that the plating layer is arranged between the steel sheets 10 and 20.
- the surface 11 of the steel sheet 10 facing the steel sheet 20 is preferably covered with the plating layer.
- the surface 12 of the steel sheet 10 located on the side opposite to the steel sheet 20 may or may not be coated with a plating layer.
- the steel sheets 10 and 20 are preferably superimposed so that the plating layers face each other. That is, when the surface 11 of the steel sheet 10 is covered with a plating layer, it is preferable that the surface 21 of the steel sheet 20 facing the steel sheet 10 is also covered with a plating layer.
- the plating layer of steel sheet 20 may be the same type of plating layer as the plating layer of steel sheet 10 .
- a plated layer of the same kind means that the main metal in one plated layer and the main metal in another plated layer are the same.
- the plating layer of the steel sheet 10 when the plating layer of the steel sheet 10 is a zinc-based plating layer, the plating layer of the steel sheet 20 can also be a zinc-based plating layer. Further, for example, when the plating layer of the steel sheet 10 is an aluminum-based plating layer, the plating layer of the steel sheet 20 can also be an aluminum-based plating layer. However, the plating layer of the steel sheet 20 may be a plating layer different from the plating layer of the steel sheet 10 .
- the steel plate 20 does not have to have a plating layer. That is, when the surface 11 of the steel sheet 10 is covered with the plating layer, the surface 21 of the steel sheet 20 does not necessarily need to be covered with the plating layer. On the other hand, when the surface 11 of the steel sheet 10 is not covered with the plating layer, the surface 21 of the steel sheet 20 is covered with the plating layer.
- a surface 22 of the steel sheet 20 that is located on the side opposite to the steel sheet 10 may or may not be coated with a plating layer.
- the total basis weight of the plating layers between the steel sheet 10 and the steel sheet 20 can be determined as appropriate, and may be, for example, 30 g/m 2 or more.
- the sum of the basis weight of the plating layer on the surface 11 of the steel sheet 10 and the basis weight of the plating layer on the surface 21 of the steel sheet 20 can be 30 g/m 2 or more.
- the basis weight of the plating layer on the surface 11 or the surface 21 can be 30 g/m 2 or more.
- a mold 41 including an upper mold 411 and a lower mold 412 is installed in the press 40 for performing the pressurizing step S2.
- the upper die 411 is fixed to a slide 42 configured to be able to move up and down with respect to a body frame (not shown) of the press 40 .
- the lower mold 412 is arranged below the upper mold 411 .
- Each of the upper mold 411 and the lower mold 412 has, for example, a solid rectangular parallelepiped shape.
- the plate assembly 30 is placed on the lower mold 412 when performing the pressing step S2.
- the steel plates 10 and 20 in a state of being superimposed to form the plate set 30 may be conveyed to the press machine 40, or the steel plates 10 and 20 may be individually conveyed to the press machine 40.
- the steel plates 10 and 20 are individually conveyed to the press machine 40 , the steel plates 10 and 20 are overlapped on the lower mold 412 to form the plate set 30 .
- the steel plate 10 is arranged on the lower die 412 side, and the steel plate 20 is superimposed on the steel plate 10 .
- the steel plate 20 may be arranged on the side of the lower die 412 and the steel plate 10 may be stacked on the steel plate 20 .
- the upper die 411 descends and contacts the plate set 30 on the lower die 412 .
- the plate set 30 is pressed in the thickness direction of the steel plates 10 and 20 between the upper die 411 and the lower die 412 as the upper die 411 descends.
- the plate assembly 30 is preferably pressed as a whole by the upper mold 411 and the lower mold 412 .
- the average pressure applied to the plate assembly 30 is, for example, 20 MPa or more and 200 MPa or less.
- the time for pressing the board assembly 30 can be, for example, 1 second or more and 60 seconds or less.
- Such a pressurizing step S2 can be performed cold. That is, the steel plates 10, 20 or the set of plates 30 do not have to be actively heated to a high temperature before or during the pressing step S2.
- pressure can be applied to the sheet assembly 30 at room temperature from both sides in the sheet thickness direction. By pressing the plate set 30 in the plate thickness direction, a minute gap between the steel plates 10 and 20 is reduced or eliminated, and the steel plates 10 and 20 are brought into close contact with each other.
- this pressurization is terminated. That is, by lifting the upper die 411 together with the slide 42, the pressurization of the plate assembly 30 is released.
- the plate set 30 with the steel plates 10 and 20 in close contact with each other is taken out from between the upper mold 411 and the lower mold 412 and subjected to the subsequent heating step S3.
- the pressurizing step S2 in order to prevent the separation of the steel plates 10 and 20 due to vibration, inclination, etc. when transporting the set 30 for the heating step S3, the place where the heating step S3 is performed is It is preferably in the vicinity of the location where the pressurizing step S2 is performed.
- the adhesion of the steel plates 10 and 20 includes adsorption of the steel plates 10 and 20 and crimping of the steel plates 10 and 20 .
- the steel plates 10 and 20 are adhered by stacking the steel plates 10 and 20 and applying pressure so as to remove the air between the steel plates 10 and 20 .
- the adsorbed steel plates 10 and 20 may be subjected to hot stamping.
- the steel plates 10 and 20 are adsorbed, if at least one of the steel plates 10 and 20 is deformed, air may enter between the steel plates 10 and 20 and the steel plates 10 and 20 may come off.
- the steel plates 10 and 20 may not stick well.
- the steel plates 10 and 20 are crimped in the pressing step S2.
- the crimping of the steel plates 10 and 20 means that the steel plates 10 and 20 are fixed as a result of receiving pressure.
- the plating layer does not melt or re-solidify just by crimping.
- the heating step S3 is a step of heating the plate assembly 30 after the pressing of the plate assembly 30 is completed.
- the plate set 30 can be heated using a heating device (not shown).
- the heating device is, for example, a heating furnace such as a walking beam type or a batch type.
- the heating method of the heating furnace may be a combustion type or an electric type.
- the heating device used in the heating step S3 is not limited to the heating furnace.
- An electric heating device, a high-frequency heating device, or the like can be used instead of the heating furnace.
- the pressing step S2 is completed, and the plate assembly 30 in a state in which the pressure is released is carried into the heating furnace.
- the steel sheets 10 and 20 adhered to each other by pressure are heated to the melting point of the plating layer between the steel sheets 10 and 20 or higher in a heating furnace.
- the sheet set 30 may be heated by a furnace to a temperature suitable for hot stamping.
- the plate assembly 30 is heated to, for example, 750° C. or higher. It is preferable that the heating temperature of the plate assembly 30 is equal to or higher than the Ac3 point of the steel plates 10 and 20 .
- the heating temperature of the plate assembly 30 is, for example, the Ac3 point of the steel plates 10 and 20+200° C. or less.
- the holding time of the plate set 30 in the heating furnace can be 60 seconds or more and 360 seconds or less.
- Such heating of the plate assembly 30 is preferably performed in a reducing atmosphere. That is, when using a heating furnace in the heating step S3, it is preferable to heat the plate assembly 30 in a heating furnace that is in a reducing atmosphere using, for example, hydrogen gas.
- the melting point of the plated layer is lower than the heating temperature of the board assembly 30.
- the plating layer can have a melting point that is 50° C. or more lower than the heating temperature of the board assembly 30, for example. Therefore, the plating layer between steel plate 10 and steel plate 20 is melted by heating in heating step S3.
- the plate assembly 30 After being heated at a predetermined heating temperature and holding time, the plate assembly 30 is removed from the heating furnace. After that, the board set 30 is subjected to the forming step S4.
- FIGS. 5 and 6 are schematic diagrams for explaining the forming step S4.
- hot stamping is applied to the plate assembly 30 heated to the melting point or higher of the plating layer in the heating step S3. Hot stamping can be performed using a known press 50, for example.
- the heated plate set 30 is transported from the heating furnace to the pressing machine 50 by, for example, a conveyor.
- a mold 51 is installed in the press machine 50 .
- Mold 51 includes an upper mold 511 and a lower mold 512 .
- the upper mold 511 and the lower mold 512 are formed with molding surfaces having the desired shape of the press-molded product.
- the upper mold 511 is a die and has a concave molding surface.
- the lower mold 512 is a punch paired with a die and has a convex molding surface corresponding to the concave molding surface of the upper mold 511 .
- the upper die 511 is fixed to a slide 52 configured to be able to move up and down with respect to a body frame (not shown) of the press machine 50 .
- the lower mold 512 is arranged below the upper mold 511 .
- holders 513 configured to move up and down may be arranged on both sides of the lower die 512 .
- the plate assembly 30 is placed on the lower mold 512 when performing the forming step S4.
- the plate set 30 is placed on the lower mold 512 so that the steel plate 20 faces the lower mold 512 .
- the upper die 511 is lowered together with the slide 52 toward the plate assembly 30 .
- the plate assembly 30 is formed into the press-formed product 60 by the concave molding surface of the upper die 511 and the convex molding surface of the lower die 512 .
- the heated plate set 30 is molded into a press-molded product 60 by a die 51 and is cooled (quenched) by contact with the die 51 .
- the molten plating layer between the steel plate 10 and the steel plate 20 is solidified by cooling the plate assembly 30 by the mold 51 . Thereby, the steel plates 10 and 20 are surface-joined.
- the press-molded product 60 is removed from the press machine 50 after being sufficiently cooled by the mold 51 .
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a press-formed product 60 manufactured by the manufacturing method according to this embodiment.
- the steel plate 10 constitutes the main body of the press-formed product 60 .
- the steel plate 10 is generally shaped like a hat when viewed from the longitudinal direction of the press-formed product 60 .
- the steel plate 20 constitutes a reinforcing member that partially reinforces the body of the press-formed product 60 .
- the steel plate 20 is generally U-shaped when viewed from the longitudinal direction of the press-formed product 60 .
- the steel plate 20 is arranged inside the hat-shaped steel plate 10 .
- the steel plate 20 is joined to the steel plate 10 by fixation due to resolidification of the plating layer.
- the press-formed product 60 is partially thickened by the steel plate 20 .
- the plate assembly 30, which is the material of the press-formed product 60 is pressurized in advance to bring the steel plates 10 and 20 included in the plate assembly 30 into close contact with each other. Therefore, the microscopic gap between the steel plate 10 and the steel plate 20 can be reduced or substantially eliminated.
- the fixation due to resolidification of the plating layers between the steel plates 10 and 20 is less likely to be hindered. .
- the steel plates 10 and 20 can be satisfactorily joined over a wide area by utilizing the fixation due to re-solidification of the plating layer.
- the steel plates 10 and 20 can be easily joined together without performing joining work such as brazing.
- the steel plates 10 and 20 are welded together, the periphery of the welded portion is deformed, so a gap is likely to occur between the steel plates 10 and 20 around the welded portion, and the steel plates 10 and 20 do not adhere to each other.
- the steel plates 10 and 20 are brought into close contact (by adsorption or pressure contact) by applying pressure in the plate thickness direction so that air does not enter between the steel plates 10 and 20. 20 is heated to melt the plating layer between the steel sheets 10 and 20 . Therefore, it is possible to prevent the air between the steel plates 10 and 20 from expanding at a high temperature and pushing away the plating layer between the steel plates 10 and 20 . Therefore, the plated layer between the steel plates 10 and 20 is easily re-solidified and fixed to the steel plates 10 and 20, and the steel plates 10 and 20 can be joined satisfactorily.
- the plate assembly 30 is pressed so as to reduce or eliminate the microscopic gap between the steel plates 10 and 20, thereby effectively regenerating the coating layer on the steel plates 10 and 20. It solidifies and sticks. Therefore, the steel plates 10 and 20 can be satisfactorily surface-bonded, and the effect of integrating the steel plates 10 and 20 in the press-formed product 60 can be improved. As a result, the steel plates 10 and 20 can be made to behave substantially as a single plate material, and the rigidity of the overlapping surfaces of the steel plates 10 and 20 in the press-formed product 60 can be increased. Also, the effective width of the press-formed product 60 can be increased.
- the effective width is, for example, the width of a portion that can receive the load and compressively deform when a load is applied to the press-formed product 60 in the longitudinal direction. It is expressed as a ratio to any width (for example, the width of the top plate or the width (height) of one vertical wall).
- the heating step S3 is performed after the pressing step S2 is completed. Therefore, only the plate assembly 30 can be carried into the heating device (heating furnace) in a state in which the pressurization by the mold 41 is released, and only the plate assembly 30 can be carried out from the heating device. That is, there is no need to move the metal mold 41 and the like together with the plate assembly 30 . Therefore, it is possible to simplify the equipment for manufacturing the press-formed product 60 and the work accompanying the manufacture of the press-formed product 60 .
- the steel plates 10 and 20 are pressurized prior to the heating step S3, and the steel plates 10 and 20 are brought into close contact with each other.
- the steel plates 10 and 20 may be adsorbed by pressurization, but are preferably crimped. By crimping the steel plates 10 and 20, it is possible to make the steel plates 10 and 20 less likely to come off compared to suction.
- the plate assembly 30 in the heating step S3, can be heated in a reducing atmosphere. As a result, oxides are less likely to form on the surface of the plating layer when the plate assembly 30 is heated. As a result, sticking due to re-solidification of the coating layer between the steel sheets 10 and 20 is less likely to be hindered. Therefore, the steel plates 10 and 20 can be better joined together.
- the heating step S3 is performed immediately after the pressing step S2.
- a step of performing simple joining to the steel plates 10 and 20 can also be implemented. That is, the steel plates 10 and 20 may be joined by spot welding or the like, for example, after the pressing step S2 is finished and before the heating step S3 is started.
- the simple joining step of the steel plates 10, 20 can also be performed before the pressing step S2.
- the steel sheets 10 and 20 are face-joined by fixing due to re-solidification of the plating layers generated through the heating step S3 and the forming step S4. Therefore, when the simple joining step is performed between the pressurizing step S2 and the heating step S3 or before the pressurizing step S2, the steel plates 10 and 20 are joined in a small area so as not to increase the burden of the joining work.
- the pressing machine 40 is used to pressurize the board assembly 30 in the pressing step S2.
- the press machine 40 it is not always necessary to use the press machine 40 in the pressurizing step S2.
- Other machines such as rolling mills or jigs can be used in place of the press machine 40 as long as the plate assembly 30 can be pressurized.
- the steel plate 20 as the reinforcing member is arranged inside the steel plate 10 as the main body. Conversely, however, the steel plate 20 may be arranged outside the steel plate 10 .
- the position and range of the steel plate 20 with respect to the steel plate 10 are not limited to those in the above embodiment, and can be changed as appropriate.
- the overall shape of the press-formed product 60 is not limited to the example of the above embodiment, and can be changed as appropriate.
- the steel plate 20 that is the reinforcing member is superimposed on the steel plate 10 that is the main body so that the entire surface 21 of the steel plate 21 is in contact with the surface 11 of the steel plate 10 .
- the method of stacking the steel plates 10 and 20 is not limited to this.
- the steel plate 20 can partially overlap the steel plate 10 .
- the steel plate 10 forming the main body of the press-formed product 60 may be a steel plate having a uniform thickness and material throughout.
- the steel plate 10 may be a steel plate in which at least one of the plate thickness and the material is different for each part. That is, the steel plate 10 may be a tailor rolled blank (TRB) in which the plate thickness is changed for each part by rolling, or a tailor welded blank (TWB) formed by butt-welding a plurality of steel plates. good.
- the steel plate 20 may be arranged straddling the weld line of the TWB.
- the plate set 30 that is the material for the press-formed product 60 is composed of two steel plates 10 and 20 .
- the plate set 30 may include three or more steel plates.
- three or more steel plates may be stacked in order, or a plurality of steel plates may be arranged on one steel plate with their positions shifted. Even in such a case, if the plated layer is arranged between the steel plates adjacent in the plate thickness direction, and the pressure step S2 is performed before the heating step S3 to adhere the steel plates to each other, the re-solidification of the plated layer Steel plates can be surface-joined using adhesion.
- the steel plates 10 and 20 that are pressed and adhered together are formed into a press-formed product 60 by hot pressing (hot stamping).
- the method of forming the steel plates 10 and 20 is not limited to this.
- the steel sheets 10 and 20 may be heated to the melting point of the plating layer or higher and then cooled while they are in close contact with each other.
- the steel plates 10 and 20 are joined by fixation due to resolidification of the plating layer, as in the above-described embodiment.
- the joined steel plates 10, 20 may be subjected to cold press forming.
- the plate set after the pressurization was completed was heated to 950°C in a heating furnace and held for 240 seconds (heating step). After that, the heated plate assembly was formed into a press-formed product by a predetermined mold (forming step).
- FIG. 8 is a photograph showing the surfaces (superimposed surfaces) of the separated steel sheets for each of the examples and the comparative examples.
- FIG. 9 is an observation image (scanning electron microscope image) of the surface of the peeled steel sheet.
- the surface of the steel sheet had a glossy portion.
- the glossy part existed so as to spread over the surface of the steel sheet.
- this glossy part is a flat brittle fracture surface that breaks when two steel plates are separated, and after the plating layer is crimped, it melts and re-solidifies and adheres. This is the place where
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Abstract
Description
(a)表面にめっき層を有する第1鋼板を、めっき層が第1鋼板と第2鋼板との間に配置されるように、第2鋼板と重ね合わせること
(b)重ね合わされた第1鋼板及び第2鋼板を板厚方向に加圧して密着させること
(c)密着した第1鋼板及び第2鋼板をめっき層の融点以上に加熱すること
(a)表面にめっき層を有する第1鋼板を、めっき層が第1鋼板と第2鋼板との間に配置されるように、第2鋼板と重ね合わせること
(b)重ね合わされた第1鋼板及び第2鋼板を板厚方向に加圧して密着させること
(c)密着した第1鋼板及び第2鋼板をめっき層の融点以上に加熱すること
本実施形態に係る製造方法は、熱間プレス加工(ホットスタンピング)によってプレス成形品を製造する方法である。プレス成形品は、例えば、自動車の車体の一部を構成する構造部材として利用される。構造部材は、例えば、Aピラーレインフォース、Bピラーレインフォース、バンパーレインフォース、トンネルリンフォース、サイドシルレインフォース、ルーフレインフォース、及びフロアークロスメンバー等である。
図2は、準備工程S1を説明するための模式図である。図2を参照して、準備工程S1では、プレス成形品の素材となる複数の鋼板10,20を準備する。本実施形態では、2枚の鋼板10,20が準備される。図2に示す例において、鋼板20の表面(板厚方向に対して実質的に垂直な面)の面積は、鋼板10の表面(板厚方向に対して実質的に垂直な面)の面積よりも小さい。鋼板20の板厚は、鋼板10の板厚と同じであってもよいし、異なっていてもよい。
図3及び図4は、加圧工程S2を説明するための模式図である。加圧工程S2では、重ね合わされた鋼板10,20をその板厚方向に加圧して密着させる。板組30の加圧は、例えば公知のプレス機40を使用して行うことができる。
加熱工程S3は、板組30の加圧を終了した後、この板組30を加熱する工程である。加熱工程S3では、加熱装置(図示略)を使用して板組30を加熱することができる。加熱装置は、例えば、ウォーキングビーム式やバッチ式等の加熱炉である。加熱炉の加熱方式は、燃焼式であってもよいし、電気式であってもよい。ただし、加熱工程S3で使用される加熱装置は、加熱炉に限定されるものではない。加熱炉に代えて、通電加熱装置や高周波加熱装置等を用いることもできる。
図5及び図6は、成形工程S4を説明するための模式図である。成形工程S4では、加熱工程S3においてめっき層の融点以上に加熱された板組30にホットスタンピングを施す。ホットスタンピングは、例えば公知のプレス機50を使用して行うことができる。加熱された板組30は、例えばコンベヤ等により、加熱炉からプレス機50へと搬送される。
図7は、本実施形態に係る製造方法によって製造されたプレス成形品60の斜視図である。図7に示すように、鋼板10は、プレス成形品60の本体を構成する。鋼板10は、プレス成形品60の長手方向から見て概ねハット形状に成形されている。一方、鋼板20は、プレス成形品60の本体を部分的に補強する補強部材を構成する。鋼板20は、プレス成形品60の長手方向から見て概ねU字状に成形されている。鋼板20は、ハット形状の鋼板10の内側に配置されている。鋼板20は、めっき層の再凝固による固着により、鋼板10に接合されている。プレス成形品60は、この鋼板20によって部分的に厚肉化されている。
本実施形態に係る製造方法では、加圧工程S2において、プレス成形品60の素材となる板組30を予め加圧し、板組30に含まれる鋼板10,20を密着させている。そのため、鋼板10と鋼板20との間の微視的な隙間を減少、あるいは実質的に消滅させることができる。これにより、その後の加熱工程S3において板組30が加熱され、続く成形工程S4において板組30が成形及び冷却されたとき、鋼板10,20間におけるめっき層の再凝固による固着が阻害されにくくなる。よって、めっき層の再凝固による固着を利用して鋼板10,20同士を広い面積で良好に接合することができる。また、めっき層の再凝固による固着を利用することにより、ろう付け等の接合作業を行うことなく、鋼板10,20同士を簡易に接合することができる。
本開示による効果を確認するため、上記実施形態に係る方法と同様の方法でプレス成形品を製造する実験を実施した。本実験では、ホットスタンピングの前に、両面にアルミニウム系めっき層(Alめっき)を有する2枚の鋼板を重ね合わせて板組とし、公知のプレス機によってこの板組を板厚方向に加圧して密着(圧着)させた(加圧工程)。各鋼板におけるAlめっきの目付量は、80g/m2とした。板組の加圧は、負荷荷重(圧力)を約40ton(約80MPa)、加圧時間を1秒として、冷間(常温)で行った。
比較のため、ホットスタンピングの前に加圧工程を行わなかったこと以外は上記実施例と同様の条件で、プレス成形品を製造する実験を実施した。
加圧工程を行った実施例では、人力では簡単に剥離しない程度にまで強固に2枚の鋼板が接合されていた。実施例では、工具を使用することによって2枚の鋼板がようやく剥離した。一方、加圧工程を行わなかった比較例では、工具を使用せずとも人力のみで2枚の鋼板が簡単に剥離した。
11,12,21,22:表面
51:金型
60:プレス成形品
Claims (5)
- 表面にめっき層を有する第1鋼板を、前記めっき層が前記第1鋼板と第2鋼板との間に配置されるように、前記第2鋼板と重ね合わせること、
重ね合わされた前記第1鋼板及び前記第2鋼板を板厚方向に加圧して密着させること、及び、
密着した前記第1鋼板及び前記第2鋼板を前記めっき層の融点以上に加熱すること、
を備える、プレス成形品の製造方法。 - 前記密着は圧着である、請求項1に記載のプレス成形品の製造方法。
- 前記めっき層は、亜鉛系めっき層又はアルミニウム系めっき層である、請求項1又は2に記載のプレス成形品の製造方法。
- 前記第2鋼板は、表面にめっき層を有し、
前記めっき層同士が対向するように前記第1鋼板と前記第2鋼板とが重ね合わされる、請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載のプレス成形品の製造方法。 - 前記第2鋼板の前記めっき層は、前記第1鋼板の前記めっき層と同種のめっき層である、請求項4に記載のプレス成形品の製造方法。
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JP2014200840A (ja) * | 2013-04-10 | 2014-10-27 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | ホットスタンプ成形品の製造方法及びブランク材の製造方法 |
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CA2963361C (en) | 2014-10-03 | 2019-04-02 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation | Method of production of brazed joint and such a brazed joint |
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