WO2022202589A1 - 温度調節機構 - Google Patents
温度調節機構 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022202589A1 WO2022202589A1 PCT/JP2022/012160 JP2022012160W WO2022202589A1 WO 2022202589 A1 WO2022202589 A1 WO 2022202589A1 JP 2022012160 W JP2022012160 W JP 2022012160W WO 2022202589 A1 WO2022202589 A1 WO 2022202589A1
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- Prior art keywords
- battery
- temperature
- cooling
- water
- vacuum insulation
- Prior art date
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 284
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
- B60H1/00278—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit for the battery
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- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00492—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices comprising regenerative heating or cooling means, e.g. heat accumulators
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- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
- B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
- B60H1/00885—Controlling the flow of heating or cooling liquid, e.g. valves or pumps
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- B60H1/02—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant
- B60H1/04—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant from cooling liquid of the plant
- B60H1/08—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant from cooling liquid of the plant from other radiator than main radiator
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- B60H1/02—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant
- B60H1/14—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant otherwise than from cooling liquid of the plant, e.g. heat from the grease oil, the brakes, the transmission unit
- B60H1/143—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant otherwise than from cooling liquid of the plant, e.g. heat from the grease oil, the brakes, the transmission unit the heat being derived from cooling an electric component, e.g. electric motors, electric circuits, fuel cells or batteries
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- B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
- B60H1/3228—Cooling devices using compression characterised by refrigerant circuit configurations
- B60H1/32281—Cooling devices using compression characterised by refrigerant circuit configurations comprising a single secondary circuit, e.g. at evaporator or condenser side
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- B60H1/32—Cooling devices
- B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
- B60H1/323—Cooling devices using compression characterised by comprising auxiliary or multiple systems, e.g. plurality of evaporators, or by involving auxiliary cooling devices
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- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
- B60K11/02—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
- B60L1/02—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to electric heating circuits
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- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/651—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by parameters specified by a numeric value or mathematical formula, e.g. ratios, sizes or concentrations
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- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/66—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
- H01M10/663—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells the system being an air-conditioner or an engine
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/60—Navigation input
- B60L2240/66—Ambient conditions
- B60L2240/662—Temperature
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a temperature control mechanism, and more particularly to a temperature control mechanism that controls the temperature of a battery that is mounted on a vehicle and can be charged from an external power source.
- a cold storage control device for a vehicle which stores heat in a heat storage device or cools a cold storage material by consuming electric power from an external power source to drive a heat pump cycle while the battery is being charged from the external power source (for example, , see Patent Document 1).
- Patent Document 1 uses stored heat for warming and heating, and uses stored cold for cooling. However, when the driver does not use heating or cooling, the device wastes the stored heat and the stored cold energy.
- the temperature of the battery in order to keep the temperature of the battery within an appropriate temperature range even in summer and winter, if the cooling water is cooled or heated by a cold heat source or a heat source driven by battery power, the temperature of the battery can be kept within an appropriate temperature range. be possible to keep.
- the electric power charged in the battery is consumed by the cold heat source and the hot heat source, and the charge amount of the battery is reduced more quickly.
- the problem that the charge amount of the battery is rapidly depleted is a factor in shortening the cruising range of an electric vehicle.
- An object of the present disclosure is to provide a temperature control mechanism that reduces power consumption while driving while extending battery life.
- a temperature control mechanism that achieves the above object includes a battery pump and a circulation path, and circulates cooling water in the circulation path by driving the battery pump, thereby
- a temperature control mechanism for a vehicle that adjusts the temperature of a battery that can be charged from a power supply to fall within a predetermined temperature range, cold water generated by a cold heat source generated by energy consumption during charging of the battery from the external power supply, or
- a vacuum insulation tank is provided in which either one of hot water heated by a heat source generated by energy consumption is stored according to the ambient temperature around the vehicle, and power input/output of the battery excluding charging from the external power supply.
- One aspect of the present disclosure is to store cold water or hot water in a vacuum insulation tank by consuming energy in a situation where power may be consumed when the battery is charged from an external power source, and the battery except for charging from the external power source.
- Cold water or hot water stored in a vacuum insulation tank is used when power is input or output. Therefore, according to one aspect of the present disclosure, it is possible to adjust the temperature of the battery only by consuming the power of the battery pump when the power of the battery is input/output, excluding charging from an external power source, thereby extending the life of the battery. Power consumption required for extension can be reduced. As a result, it is possible to extend the cruising distance of the vehicle by mitigating the decrease in the amount of charge in the battery while extending the life of the battery.
- FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram illustrating the temperature control mechanism of the first embodiment, and shows a state in which hot water is used in the battery temperature control circuit during power input/output of the battery excluding charging from an external power source.
- FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram illustrating the temperature control mechanism of the first embodiment, and shows a state in which cold water or hot water is used for room temperature control during power input/output of the battery excluding charging from an external power source.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of the control device of FIGS. 1-5.
- FIG. 7 is a flow diagram illustrating a control method by which the temperature regulation mechanism of FIGS. 1-5 regulates battery temperature.
- FIG. 8 is a flow diagram illustrating a control method by which the temperature control mechanism of FIGS. 1-5 controls room temperature.
- FIG. 9 is a flow diagram illustrating how the temperature control mechanism of FIGS. 1 and 2 stores water in a vacuum insulated tank during battery charging from an external power source.
- FIG. 10 is a flow diagram illustrating how the temperature control mechanism of FIGS. 3 and 5 utilizes cold water or hot water stored in a vacuum insulation tank for the battery temperature control circuit when power is input or output from the battery.
- FIG. 11 is a flow diagram illustrating how the temperature control mechanism of FIGS. 4 and 5 utilizes cold water or hot water stored in a vacuum insulation tank for room temperature control when power is input/output from the battery.
- FIG. 12 is a configuration diagram illustrating the temperature control mechanism of the second embodiment, showing a state in which hot water is stored in the vacuum insulation tank when the battery is charged from the external power supply.
- the temperature control mechanism 1 of the first embodiment is mounted on an electric vehicle driven by an electric motor (not shown) that is driven by the electric power of the battery 2 .
- the battery 2 can be charged by an external power source (not shown).
- the external power supply include a single-phase AC 100V or 200V outlet, a standing charger with a cable, and a three-phase 200V quick charger.
- the temperature control mechanism 1 circulates cooling water in the circulation passages (11 to 13) to adjust the temperature of the battery 2 (hereinafter referred to as battery temperature Tb) to a temperature between a preset lower limit value Tl and an upper limit value Th. It is a mechanism that adjusts to fit within the range.
- the temperature range is set in advance according to the type and specifications of the battery 2 .
- the temperature range is 0°C to 35°C, preferably 16°C to 25°C.
- the battery temperature control circuit 10 is a circuit in which cooling water circulates, and includes a battery shared passage 11, a cooling passage 12, a detour passage 13, and a battery flow switching device 14.
- the parallel cooling passage 12 and bypass passage 13 branch from the battery shared passage 11 and join the battery shared passage 11 again.
- a battery channel switching device 14 configured by a three-way valve switches the channel of cooling water to either the cooling passage 12 or the detour passage 13 .
- a battery pump 15 In the battery shared passage 11, a battery pump 15, a refrigerant heat exchanger 16, a battery electric heater 17, a battery 2, and a sub-tank 18 are arranged in this order with respect to the flow of cooling water.
- An air-cooled heat exchanger 19 is arranged in the cooling passage 12 .
- the battery pump 15 is driven by the power of the battery 2 when the power is supplied to and discharged from the battery 2, and cooling water is supplied to the circulation path composed of the battery shared passage 11, the cooling passage 12, and the detour passage 13. circulate.
- the battery temperature control circuit 10 when the battery temperature Tb exceeds the upper limit value Th even when the cooling water is passed through the cooling passage 12 by the battery flow switching device 14, the cooling water and the cooling circuit are switched by the refrigerant heat exchanger 16. The cooling water is cooled by exchanging heat with the refrigerant 20 .
- the battery temperature control circuit 10 directly heats the cooling water with the battery electric heater 17 when the battery temperature Tb is lower than the lower limit Tl even if the cooling water is routed through the bypass passage 13 by the battery flow switching device 14. .
- an electric compressor 25 and a condenser 26 are arranged in order with respect to the flow of refrigerant.
- an expansion valve 27 and an evaporator 28 are arranged in order with respect to the flow of refrigerant.
- an expansion valve 29 and a refrigerant heat exchanger 16 are arranged with respect to the refrigerant flow.
- the expansion valve 27 and the evaporator 28 are installed inside the vehicle.
- the electric compressor 25 when the room temperature Tr in the passenger compartment is higher than the required temperature Td desired by the passenger, the electric compressor 25 is driven by the electric power of the battery 2, and the cooling passage 22 is opened by the cooling first valve device 24a. It is opened to circulate the refrigerant through the shared cooling passage 21 and the cooling passage 22 .
- the high-pressure, high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the electric compressor 25 is cooled in the condenser 26 by the vehicle speed wind and the subsequent cooling air from the electric cooling fan, and is liquefied.
- the high-pressure, low-temperature liquefied refrigerant is then atomized by the expansion valve 27 .
- the sprayed refrigerant is vaporized in the evaporator 28 by the air blown by the subsequent electric fan, and takes heat of vaporization from the air. Cold air is blown into the vehicle interior through the above process, and the room temperature Tr is adjusted to the required temperature Td.
- the cooling circuit 20 drives the electric compressor 25 with the electric power of the battery 2 when the battery temperature control circuit 10 uses the refrigerant to cool the cooling water in the refrigerant heat exchanger 16, and the cooling second valve
- the battery passage 23 is opened by the device 24 b to circulate the refrigerant through the common cooling passage 21 and the battery passage 23 .
- the high-pressure, high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the electric compressor 25 is cooled by the condenser 26 and liquefied.
- the high-pressure, low-temperature liquefied refrigerant is then atomized by the expansion valve 29 .
- the sprayed refrigerant evaporates by exchanging heat with the cooling water in the refrigerant heat exchanger 16, and takes heat of vaporization from the cooling water.
- the cooling water is cooled in the refrigerant heat exchanger 16 through the process described above.
- the heating circuit 30 is a circuit in which cooling water circulates, and is configured with a heating circulation passage 31 .
- a heating pump 32, a heating electric heater 33, a heating heat exchanger 34, and a sub-tank 35 are arranged in order with respect to the flow of cooling water.
- a heating electric pole 33 and a heating heat exchanger 34 are installed in the passenger compartment.
- the heating pump 32 is driven by the electric power of the battery 2 to circulate the cooling water in the heating circulation passage 31 to perform heating.
- the electric heater 33 is driven by the electric power of the battery 2 to heat the cooling water.
- the heated cooling water exchanges heat with the air blown in by the subsequent electric fan in the heating heat exchanger 34 to warm the air.
- the vacuum insulation tank 40 has a double structure consisting of an outer tank and an inner tank, and a vacuum layer is formed between the outer tank and the inner tank.
- the vacuum insulation tank 40 blocks heat transfer between the cooling water stored in the inner tank covered with the vacuum layer and the outside, and maintains the temperature of the stored cooling water for a long period of time. Configuration.
- the vacuum insulation tank 40 stores cold water or hot water depending on the ambient temperature Ta.
- the ambient temperature Ta indicates the temperature of the air around the vehicle equipped with the temperature control mechanism 1 (also referred to as the outside air temperature).
- Cold water is cooling water cooled by a cold heat source generated by consumption of energy, and its temperature is at least lower than the upper limit value Th of the appropriate temperature range of the battery 2, and preferably lower than the lower limit value Tl of the temperature range.
- the cold heat source is the refrigerant in the cooling circuit 20 driven by the electric compressor 25 with the electric power of the battery 2 .
- Hot water is cooling water heated by a heat source generated by consumption of energy, and its temperature is at least higher than the lower limit value Tl of the appropriate temperature range of the battery 2, and preferably higher than the upper limit value Th of the temperature range.
- the heat source is an electric heater 33 for heating driven by electric power of the battery 2 .
- the first connection pipe 41 communicates with the vacuum insulation tank 40, and the other end is downstream of the battery 2 with respect to the flow of cooling water and upstream of the branch point of the cooling passage 12 and the bypass passage 13. communicates with the battery shared passage 11 of the .
- the first connection pipe 41 is a pipe serving as an outlet from the vacuum insulation tank 40 , and through which the cooling water stored in the vacuum insulation tank 40 passes when cold water is stored in the vacuum insulation tank 40 .
- the second connection pipe 42 communicates with the vacuum insulation tank 40, and the other end is shared for the battery downstream of the refrigerant heat exchanger 16 and upstream of the battery 2 with respect to the flow of cooling water. It communicates with the passageway 11 .
- the second connection pipe 42 is a pipe serving as an inlet to the vacuum insulation tank 40 , and cold water passes through the vacuum insulation tank 40 when cold water is stored in the vacuum insulation tank 40 .
- the cooling water that circulated through the battery temperature control circuit 10 passes through when it is supplied to the .
- each of the fourth connection pipe 44 and the fifth connection pipe 45 communicates with the vacuum insulation tank 40 and the other end communicates with the heating circulation passage 31 .
- Each of the fourth connection pipe 44 and the fifth connection pipe 45 may be arranged so that the fifth connection pipe 45 is arranged on the upstream side of the fourth connection pipe 44 with respect to the flow of cooling water.
- the fourth connection pipe 44 is a pipe serving as an outlet from the vacuum insulation tank 40, through which the cooling water stored in the vacuum insulation tank 40 passes when hot water is stored in the vacuum insulation tank 40, and When the cold water or hot water stored in 40 is supplied to the heating circuit 30, the cold water or hot water passes through.
- Each of the first to fifth valve devices 51 to 55 is arranged in each of the first to fifth connection pipes 41 to 45 .
- Each of the first valve device 51 to the fifth valve device 55 blocks or opens the arranged piping by opening and closing.
- the sixth valve device 56 is arranged in the battery shared passage 11 between the communication portion of the second connection pipe 42 and the battery shared passage 11 and the communication portion of the third connection pipe 43 and the battery shared passage 11. be.
- the sixth valve device 56 is configured such that the degree of opening and closing thereof can be freely adjusted, and is configured to be capable of adjusting the flow rate of cooling water passing through itself.
- the control device 60 includes a central processing unit (CPU) that performs various types of information processing, an internal storage that can read and write programs and information processing results used for performing the various types of information processing, and various interfaces. and so on.
- the control device 60 controls the battery temperature control circuit 10, the cooling circuit 20, the heating circuit 30, and the flow path switching device 50 based on the values obtained by the respective devices 61-66.
- the ambient temperature acquisition device 61 is composed of a temperature sensor that acquires the ambient temperature Ta.
- the battery temperature acquisition device 62 is composed of a temperature sensor that acquires the battery temperature Tb.
- the stored water temperature acquisition device 63 is composed of a temperature sensor that acquires the stored water temperature Tw, which is the temperature of the cooling water stored in the vacuum insulation tank 40 .
- the room temperature acquisition device 64 is composed of a temperature sensor that acquires the room temperature Tr, which is the temperature inside the passenger compartment of the vehicle.
- the power amount acquisition device 65 is composed of a sensor that acquires the power amount, which is the total amount of power output from the battery 2 or the total amount of power charged in the battery 2 .
- the required temperature setting device 66 is a device for inputting the required temperature Td desired by the vehicle occupants such as the driver and fellow passengers, and is incorporated in the instrument panel installed inside the vehicle.
- the requested temperature setting device 66 is operated by the passenger to input whether or not the cooling circuit 20 or the heating circuit 30 is driven and the requested temperature Td.
- the control device 60 has a battery control unit 67, a room temperature control unit 68, and a water storage/discharge control unit 69 as functional elements.
- Each functional element is stored as a program in the internal storage device and executed by the central processing unit at appropriate times.
- Each functional element may be composed of a programmable controller (PLC) or an electric circuit that functions independently of the program.
- PLC programmable controller
- the water storage/discharge control unit 69 controls the battery temperature control circuit 10 instead of the battery control unit 67, and controls the cooling circuit 20 and the heating circuit instead of the room temperature control unit 68. It is a functional element that controls the circuit 30 .
- the water storage/discharge control unit 69 controls battery temperature control instead of the battery control unit 67 when water is stored in the vacuum heat insulation tank 40 or when water is discharged from the vacuum heat insulation tank 40, and room temperature control is performed instead of the room temperature control unit 68. It is a functional element to control.
- the battery control unit 67 mainly has the control right to adjust the battery temperature, and when the ambient temperature Ta during charging of the battery 2 from the external power source exceeds a first threshold value T1 described later, the battery control unit 67 stores and discharges water. Move to the control unit 69 . Also, the control right is transferred from the battery control unit 67 to the water storage/discharge control unit 69 when the electric power of the battery 2 is input/output while cold water or hot water is stored in the vacuum insulation tank 40 .
- the control right for room temperature adjustment is mainly held by the room temperature control unit 68.
- the battery control unit 67 uses the heat source, the battery control unit 67 issues an instruction to operate the circuit, and the circuit is operated based on the instruction. control the actuation.
- the control right is transferred from the battery control unit 67 to the water storage/discharge control unit 69 when the ambient temperature Ta during charging of the battery 2 from the external power supply falls below a second threshold value T2, which will be described later.
- the control right is transferred from the room temperature control part 68 to the water storage/discharge control part 69 after the control right for the battery temperature Tb is transferred to the battery control part 67 in a state where cold water or hot water is stored in the vacuum insulation tank 40 . .
- the control method of the temperature control mechanism 10 includes a method in which the battery control unit 67 adjusts the battery temperature Tb (FIG. 7) and a method in which the room temperature control unit 68 adjusts the room temperature Tr ( 8), a method in which the water storage/discharge control unit 69 stores water in the vacuum insulation tank 40 (FIG. 9), and a method in which cold water or hot water stored in the vacuum insulation tank 40 is used (FIGS. 10 and 11).
- Each control method is repeatedly performed at predetermined intervals.
- the predetermined cycle is defined as a cycle in which each acquisition device acquires an acquired value. The passage of one cycle in the flow chart is indicated by "return".
- the method of adjusting the battery temperature Tb is started when power is input/output to/from the battery 2, and is repeated at predetermined intervals until power input/output to/from the battery 2 is stopped. .
- This method is performed by the battery control unit 67 except when the battery 2 is being charged from an external power supply and when cold water or hot water is stored in the vacuum insulation tank 40 .
- the battery control unit 67 drives the battery pump 15 with the power of the battery 2 (S110). Next, the battery control unit 67 obtains the battery temperature Tb via the battery temperature obtaining device 62 (S120). Next, the battery control unit 67 determines whether or not the acquired battery temperature Tb falls within a preset temperature range. In the present disclosure, that the battery temperature Tb falls within the temperature range includes that the battery temperature Tb is equal to the lower limit value Tl and the upper limit value Th.
- the battery control unit 67 determines whether the temperature can be adjusted by switching the path (S140). For example, when the battery temperature Tb exceeds the upper limit value Th while the passage is switched to the cooling passage 12, or when the battery temperature Tb falls below the lower limit value Tl while the passage is switched to the detour passage 13, the passage is determined to be impossible. On the other hand, when the battery temperature Tb exceeds the upper limit value Th while the passage is switched to the detour passage 13, or when the battery temperature Tb falls below the lower limit value Tl while the passage is switched to the cooling passage 12, the passage is determined to be possible.
- the battery control unit 67 switches the passage using the battery passage switching device 14 (S160). If it is determined that the passage cannot be switched (S140: NO), the battery control unit 67 starts using the heat source (S170). For example, when the battery temperature Tb exceeds the upper limit Th, the battery control unit 67 instructs the room temperature control unit 68 to operate the cooling circuit 20 . Based on this instruction, the room temperature control unit 68 drives the electric compressor 25 of the cooling circuit 20 with the electric power of the battery 2, closes the first cooling valve device 24a, opens the second cooling valve device 24b, and converts the refrigerant into a refrigerant.
- the battery control unit 67 drives the battery electric heater 17 with the electric power of the battery 2 .
- the battery temperature Tb falls within the appropriate temperature range Tl to Th, and deterioration of the battery 2 due to temperature can be suppressed.
- the room temperature controller 68 acquires the room temperature Tr via the room temperature acquisition device 64 (S220). Next, the room temperature control unit 68 compares the obtained room temperature Tr with the input required temperature Td (S220, S230).
- the room temperature control unit 68 drives the electric compressor 25 with the electric power of the battery 2, operates the cooling circuit 20, and cools the room with cool air (S240). ).
- the room temperature controller 68 drives the heating pump 32 and the heating electric heater 33 with the electric power of the battery 2 to turn on the heating circuit 30. It is activated to heat the room with hot air (S250).
- the room temperature controller 68 stops driving the cooling circuit 20 and the heating circuit 30 (S260). By repeating the above control, the room temperature Tr is adjusted to the requested temperature Td desired by the passenger.
- the battery control unit 67 controls the battery temperature Tb described above.
- the water storage/discharge control unit 69 determines whether or not the battery 2 is being charged from the external power supply (step S310). When it is determined that the battery 2 is being charged from the external power source (S310: YES), the water storage/discharge control unit 69 acquires the ambient temperature Ta via the ambient temperature acquisition device 61 (S320). Next, the water storage/discharge control unit 69 determines the acquired ambient temperature Ta (S330, S340).
- the water storage/discharge control unit 69 determines whether the ambient temperature Ta is higher than the preset first threshold value T1 (S330: YES), or is lower than the preset second threshold value T2 (S340: YES), and the ambient temperature Ta is equal to or higher than the second threshold value T2 and equal to or lower than the first threshold value T1 (S330: NO, S340: NO).
- the first threshold value T1 may be set to a value that allows determination of the summer season in Japan
- the second threshold value T2 may be set to a value that allows determination of the winter season in Japan.
- the first threshold T1 is exemplified by the average temperature in summer
- the second threshold T2 is exemplified by the average temperature in winter. Since the atmospheric temperature Ta differs between daytime and nighttime, it is preferable to set different thresholds for the daytime and nighttime according to the time period.
- the opportunity to cool the battery 2 by using the cold heat source that has consumed energy during the input and output of the power of the battery 2 is when the battery temperature Tb exceeds the upper limit value Th of the appropriate temperature range, and the opportunity to heat using the hot heat source is the battery. This is when the temperature Tb falls below the lower limit Tl of the appropriate temperature range. Therefore, the first threshold value T1 may be set to the upper limit value Th of the appropriate temperature range of the battery 2, and the second threshold value T2 may be set to the lower limit value Tl of the temperature range.
- the control authority for battery temperature adjustment is switched from the battery control unit 67 to the water storage/discharge control unit 69 (S350).
- the water storage/discharge control unit 69 controls the battery temperature adjustment circuit 10, the cooling circuit 20, and the flow path switching device 50 to keep the battery temperature Tb within the temperature range Tl to Th, while the refrigerant heat exchanger 16
- the cold water cooled by the refrigerant, which is the cold heat source, is stored in the vacuum insulation tank 40 (S360).
- the room temperature control right is switched from the room temperature controller 68 to the water storage/discharge controller 69 (S370).
- the water storage/discharge control unit 69 controls the heating circuit 30 and the channel switching device 50 to store the hot water heated by the heating electric heater 33, which is the heat source, in the vacuum insulation tank 40 (S380).
- the ambient temperature Ta is equal to or higher than the second threshold value T2 and equal to or lower than the first threshold value T1 (S330: NO, S340: NO)
- cold water is supplied to the vacuum insulation tank 40 without switching the control right to the water storage/discharge control unit 69.
- hot water storage is prohibited (S390).
- the water storage/discharge control unit 69 stops storing water in the vacuum heat insulating tank 40 and returns the respective control rights to the battery control unit 67 and the room temperature control unit 68. , the controls stop their respective devices and the control method is completed.
- Water may be constantly stored in the vacuum insulation tank 40 while the battery 2 is being charged from the external power supply, but water storage may be terminated based on the stored water temperature Tw acquired by the stored water temperature acquisition device 63. For example, water storage may be terminated when the stored water temperature Tw does not change even after a predetermined period of time elapses or when the stored water temperature Tw reaches a preset threshold value.
- the other valve systems, except the sixth valve system 56, are closed.
- cold water cooled by the refrigerant in the refrigerant heat exchanger 16 is injected into the vacuum insulation tank 40, and the cold water is stored.
- the flow rate of cold water flowing to the battery 2 is adjusted by the sixth valve device 56 to adjust the battery temperature Tb.
- the water storage/discharge control unit 69 operates the cooling circuit 20 to supply cold water even if it determines to stop using the heat source in the control flow in FIG. Priority is given to storing water in the vacuum insulation tank 40. - ⁇ Further, the water storage/discharge control unit 69 prohibits switching from the detour passage 13 to the cooling passage 12 even if the passage is determined to be switched in the control flow in FIG. 7 .
- the fourth valve device 54 and the fifth valve device 55 are opened to open the fourth connecting pipe 44 and the fifth connecting pipe 45 .
- Other valve devices are closed.
- the hot water heated by the electric heater 33 for heating is injected into the vacuum insulation tank 40, and the hot water is stored.
- the battery temperature control circuit 10 and the vacuum insulation tank 40 connected to the heating circuit 30 become independent circuits, and hot water is stored in the vacuum insulation tank 40.
- the battery temperature control circuit 10 is not affected at all. Therefore, when the ambient temperature Ta is lower than the second threshold value T2, the battery control section 67 has control over the battery temperature adjustment.
- the method of using the cold water stored in the vacuum insulation tank 40 at the time of power input/output to/from the battery 2 starts after power input/output to/from the battery 2 is started. be done. This method is continued until battery temperature regulation by supplying cold or hot water stored in vacuum insulated tank 40 becomes unnecessary or impossible.
- the required temperature setting device 66 is operated by the occupant and the required temperature Td is lower than the room temperature Tr, or the required temperature Td is higher than the room temperature Tr.
- the control right for battery temperature adjustment illustrated in FIG. When electric power is supplied to or discharged from the battery 2 while cold water or hot water is stored in the vacuum insulation tank 40, the control right for battery temperature adjustment illustrated in FIG. ).
- the room temperature controller 68 has control over room temperature adjustment, and the room temperature controller 68 operates the cooling circuit 20 based on the input requested temperature Td and the acquired room temperature Tr.
- the water storage/discharge control unit 69 drives the battery pump 15 with the electric power of the battery 2 (S420).
- the water storage/discharge control unit 69 acquires the stored water temperature Tw through the stored water temperature acquisition device 63, the battery temperature Tb through the battery temperature acquisition device 62, and the power amount Pb through the power acquisition device 65 ( S430).
- the water storage/discharge control unit 69 determines whether it is unnecessary or impossible to adjust the battery temperature Tb by supplying cold water or hot water stored in the vacuum insulation tank 40 (S440, S450, and S460). Specifically, the water storage/discharge control unit 69 determines whether or not the acquired battery temperature Tb is within an appropriate temperature range (S440). In addition, the water storage/discharge control unit 69 determines whether or not the absolute value of the electric energy Pb acquired when cold water is stored in the vacuum insulation tank 40 exceeds a preset first load threshold value P1. When hot water is stored in the heat insulating tank 40, it is determined whether or not the absolute value of the electric energy Pb is below the preset second load threshold value P2 (S450).
- the water storage/discharge control unit 69 determines whether the stored water temperature Tw acquired when cold water is stored in the vacuum insulation tank 40 is lower than a preset third threshold value T3, or whether the vacuum insulation tank 40 is stored, it is determined whether or not the stored water temperature Tw is higher than a preset fourth threshold value T4 (S460). Based on this determination, it is determined whether the battery temperature cannot be adjusted with cold water or hot water.
- the first load threshold P1 is the threshold when cold water is stored in the vacuum insulation tank 40.
- the power load of the battery 2 is large, the rate of increase of the battery temperature Tb is high, and in the battery temperature control circuit 10, the battery temperature Tb is within the appropriate temperature range in the air-cooled heat exchanger 19 of the cooling passage 12. It is a value that can determine a state that cannot be maintained.
- the absolute value of the electric energy Pb exceeds the first load threshold value P1, the vehicle is running on a steep uphill road or downhill road immediately after the vehicle starts running.
- the second load threshold P2 is a threshold when hot water is stored in the vacuum insulation tank 40 .
- the second load threshold value P2 is such that the power load of the battery 2 is small, the rate of increase of the battery temperature Tb is low, and the battery temperature control circuit 10 maintains the battery temperature Tb within an appropriate temperature range while switching to the detour passage 13. It is a value that can determine the state in which it is impossible to For example, when the absolute value of the electric energy Pb is less than the second load threshold value P2, the vehicle is traveling on a congested road or traveling on a gentle downhill road. As for the electric energy Pb, the electric energy output from the battery 2 is positive, and the electric energy charged to the battery 2 is negative.
- the third threshold value T3 is a value that can determine whether the cold water stored in the vacuum insulation tank 40 can sufficiently cool the battery 2 instead of the cold heat source.
- the lower limit value Tl of the appropriate temperature range of the battery 2 is exemplified as the third threshold value T3.
- the temperature of the cooling water when the flow path of the battery temperature control circuit 10 is switched to the cooling passage 12 is also exemplified as the third threshold value T3.
- the fourth threshold value T4 is a value capable of judging whether the hot water stored in the vacuum insulation tank 40 can sufficiently heat the battery 2 instead of the heat source.
- the fourth threshold value T4 is the upper limit value Th of the appropriate temperature range of the battery 2 .
- the fourth threshold value T4 the temperature of the cooling water when the flow path of the battery temperature control circuit 10 is switched to the bypass passage 13 is also exemplified.
- the water storage/discharge control unit 69 controls the flow path switching device 50 to open the battery temperature adjustment circuit.
- Cold water or hot water stored in the vacuum insulation tank 40 is used instead of the cold heat source or hot heat source 10 (S470).
- step S170 of FIG. 7 cold water or hot water stored in the vacuum insulation tank 40 is used instead of the heat source.
- the flow path of the cooling water is changed to the detour path 13 by the battery flow path switching device 14 in step S470. switch. Then, the second valve device 52 and the third valve device 53 are opened to open the second connecting pipe 42 and the third connecting pipe 43 . Other valve devices are closed. Thereby, cold water stored in the vacuum insulation tank 40 is supplied to the battery temperature control circuit 10 by driving the battery pump 15, and the battery temperature Tb is controlled. At this time, since the room temperature controller 68 has the control right to adjust the room temperature, the room temperature controller 68 adjusts the room temperature Tr to the required temperature Td according to the control flow illustrated in FIG. When the room temperature Tr is higher than the required temperature Td, the cooling circuit 20 is activated to blow cool air.
- the flow path of the cooling water is changed to the detour path 13 by the battery flow path switching device 14 in step S470. switch.
- the second valve device 52 and the third valve device 53 are opened to open the second connecting pipe 42 and the third connecting pipe 43 .
- Other valve devices are closed.
- the hot water stored in the vacuum insulation tank 40 is supplied to the battery temperature control circuit 10 by driving the battery pump 15, and the battery temperature Tb is controlled.
- the room temperature controller 68 since the room temperature controller 68 has the control right to adjust the room temperature, the room temperature controller 68 adjusts the room temperature Tr to the required temperature Td according to the control flow illustrated in FIG. When the room temperature Tr is lower than the required temperature Td, the heating circuit 30 operates to send warm air.
- the stored water discharge control unit 69 controls the flow path switching device 50. Then, cold water or hot water stored in the vacuum insulation tank 40 is supplied to the heating circuit 30 (S540). Next, the water storage/discharge control unit 69 drives the heating pump 32 with the electric power of the battery 2 (S550). Next, the water storage/discharge control unit 69 stops driving the electric compressor 25 of the cooling circuit 20 to stop the operation of the cooling circuit 20, or stops driving the electric heater 33 for heating to stop the operation of the heating circuit 30. (S560). It should be noted that stopping the operation of the heating circuit 30 means stopping the operation of the heating circuit 30 blowing warm air by driving the electric heater 33 for heating.
- step S540 to S560 when cold water is stored in the vacuum insulation tank 40, in steps S540 to S560, the operation of the cooling circuit 20 is stopped, and the fourth valve device 54 and the fifth valve device 55 are opened. The fourth connecting pipe 44 and the fifth connecting pipe 45 are opened. Other valve devices are closed.
- cold water stored in the vacuum insulation tank 40 is supplied to the heating circuit 30 by driving the heating pump 32 .
- the heating heat exchanger 34 heat is exchanged between the air blown by the electric fan following the evaporator 28 and cold water, and the blown air is cooled by the cold water.
- the room temperature Tr is adjusted by the blown cold air.
- the battery control unit 67 adjusts the battery temperature Tb according to the control flow illustrated in FIG.
- steps S540 to S560 when hot water is stored in the vacuum insulation tank 40, in steps S540 to S560, the driving of the heating electric heater 33 of the heating circuit 30 is stopped, and the fourth valve device 54 and the fifth valve device 55 are opened. The fourth connecting pipe 44 and the fifth connecting pipe 45 are opened. Other valve devices are closed.
- the hot water stored in the vacuum insulation tank 40 is supplied to the heating circuit 30 by driving the heating pump 32 .
- the heating heat exchanger 34 heat is exchanged between the air blown by the electric fan following the evaporator 28 and the hot water, and the blown air is heated by the hot water.
- the room temperature Tr is adjusted by the blown warm air.
- the battery control unit 67 adjusts the battery temperature Tb according to the control flow illustrated in FIG.
- the decrease in the amount of charge in the battery 2 can be mitigated, and the cruising range of the vehicle can be extended.
- pre-cooled cold water or pre-heated hot water the effect of air conditioning is improved, and the vehicle interior is cooled earlier than using the cooling circuit 20 or the heating circuit 30, or can be warmed.
- the temperature control mechanism 10 of the second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that it includes a heat pump type cooling and heating circuit 70 and uses the refrigerant of the cooling and heating circuit 70 as a heat source.
- the temperature control mechanism 1 of this embodiment includes a battery temperature control circuit 10 , a cooling/heating circuit 70 , and an indoor heat exchange circuit 80 .
- the battery temperature control circuit 10 may have the same configuration as in the first embodiment, and since the cooling water can be heated by the refrigerant heat exchanger 16, the battery electric heater 17 may not be provided.
- the cooling/heating circuit 70 is a circuit in which the refrigerant circulates forward or backward, and cools the vehicle interior when the refrigerant circulates forward, and heats the vehicle interior when the refrigerant circulates backward.
- the cooling/heating circuit 70 includes a cooling/heating shared passage 71, a cooling/heating passage 72, a battery passage 73, and a cooling/heating channel switching device 74 (the reference numeral 74 is not shown in the drawing.
- an electric compressor 75 and a condenser 76 are arranged in order with respect to the positive circulation flow of the refrigerant during cooling operation.
- an expansion valve 77 and an evaporator 78 are arranged in order with respect to the positive circulation flow of refrigerant during cooling operation.
- the expansion valve 79 and the refrigerant heat exchanger 16 are arranged in the battery passage 73 with respect to the positive circulation flow of the refrigerant during the cooling operation.
- the high-pressure, high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the electric compressor 25 exchanges heat with the air blown in by the following electric fan in the evaporator 78 to warm the air. Warm air is blown into the passenger compartment through the process described above.
- the cooling/heating circuit 70 drives the electric compressor 75 with electric power from the battery 2 when the battery temperature control circuit 10 cools or heats the cooling water in the refrigerant heat exchanger 16 using the refrigerant.
- the cooling/heating second valve device 74 b and the cooling/heating fourth valve device 24 d open the battery passage 73 to circulate the refrigerant in the cooling/heating common passage 71 and the battery passage 73 .
- the refrigerant circulates counterclockwise in the figure, and the refrigerant atomized by the expansion valve 29 mixes heat with the cooling water in the refrigerant heat exchanger 16. It evaporates by the exchange and takes the heat of vaporization from the cooling water.
- the cooling water is cooled in the refrigerant heat exchanger 16 through the process described above.
- the refrigerant reversely circulates in the clockwise direction in the figure, contrary to the first embodiment, and the refrigerant that has become high temperature and high pressure in the electric compressor 75 exchanges heat with the cooling water in the refrigerant heat exchanger 16. is cooled by exchanging heat with cooling water. Cooling water is heated by the heat exchanger 16 for refrigerant
- the indoor heat exchange circuit 80 has a structure in which the heating electric heater 33 and the sub-tank 35 are omitted from the heating circuit 30 of the first embodiment. is configured with
- the cooling water flow path is the same as when cold water is stored in the vacuum insulation tank 40 of the first embodiment.
- high temperature and high pressure refrigerant is supplied to the refrigerant heat exchanger 16 . Since other controls are the same as those in the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.
- the temperature control mechanism 1 may be configured using the heat pump type cooling/heating circuit 70, or may consume power when the battery 2 is charged from the external power source, as in the first embodiment.
- cold water or hot water is stored in the vacuum insulation tank 40 by consuming energy, and the cold water or hot water stored in the vacuum insulation tank 40 is used to adjust the battery temperature Tb at the time of power input/output of the battery 2 excluding charging from an external power supply. Hot water can be used.
- the heat pump type cooling/heating circuit 70 it is possible to store both cold water and hot water in the vacuum insulation tank 40 only with the battery temperature control circuit 10 and the cooling/heating circuit 70 .
- the indoor heat exchange circuit 80 it becomes possible to adjust the room temperature only by consuming electric power of the heat exchange pump 82 that sends cold water or hot water to the indoor heat exchanger 83 without operating the cooling/heating circuit 70. , the power consumption required for adjusting the room temperature Tr can be reduced.
- the order in which the heating circuit 30 is arranged in the heating circulation passage 31 of each device is not particularly limited. Also, the sub-tank 35 is not necessarily required. As described above, in a vehicle equipped with an engine, the cooling water of the engine may be used without providing the electric heater 33 for heating in the heating circuit 30 .
- the capacity of the vacuum insulation tank 40 is not particularly limited. Also, the amount of water stored in the vacuum insulation tank 40 may be 100% (full) of its capacity.
- cold water or hot water is stored in the vacuum insulation tank 40 means that cold water or hot water is injected into the vacuum insulation tank 40 and the stored cooling water is released, and the cooling water is replaced with cold water, or , means that it is replaced by hot water.
- storing cold water or hot water in the vacuum insulation tank 40 means that only the temperature of the stored cooling water changes without changing the amount of water stored in the vacuum insulation tank 40 .
- a sensor that acquires the amount of water stored is used to supply cold water or hot water from the vacuum insulation tank 40 when the amount of water stored decreases. Add a stop control. Also, when the amount of water stored in the vacuum insulation tank 40 becomes constantly low, it is preferable to replenish the cooling water from each of the sub-tanks 18 and 35 .
- the vacuum insulated tank 40 of the previously described embodiment stores cold water or hot water when the ambient temperature Ta is higher than the first threshold T1 or lower than the second threshold T2. That is, the vacuum insulation tank 40 is prohibited from storing water when the ambient temperature Ta is equal to or higher than the second threshold value T2 and equal to or lower than the first threshold value T1.
- the ambient temperature Ta is equal to or higher than the second threshold value T2 and equal to or lower than the first threshold value T1
- spring and autumn are exemplified in Japan.
- the ambient temperature Ta is equal to or higher than the second threshold value T2 and equal to or lower than the first threshold value T1
- the frequency of using the cold heat source and the hot heat source in battery temperature control is low, and cold water or hot water stored in the vacuum insulation tank 40 is not used. Because it is possible.
- control may be performed to empty the vacuum heat insulating tank 40 .
- the battery temperature control circuit 10 operates the cooling circuit 20 to cool the battery temperature Tb within an appropriate temperature range.
- the heating circuit 30 may be operated at the same time to start storing hot water in the vacuum insulation tank 40 immediately after charging, but it is preferable to start after a predetermined charging time has elapsed.
- the predetermined time is exemplified by a time during which it can be determined that the battery temperature Tb falls within an appropriate temperature range.
- the adjustment of the battery temperature Tb involves switching between the cooling passage 12 and the bypass passage 13 in the battery temperature adjustment circuit 10 .
- the running wind cannot be used because the electric vehicle is stopped. Therefore, during charging of the battery 2 from the external power supply, switching between the cooling passage 12 and the bypass passage 13 should be limited to the bypass passage 13 .
- the cooling passage 12 is used to heat the cold water or warm the hot water.
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Abstract
Description
2 バッテリ
10 バッテリ温度調節回路
15 バッテリ用ポンプ
16 冷媒用熱交換器
17 バッテリ用電気ヒータ
20 冷房回路
25 電動コンプレッサ
26 コンデンサ
27、29 膨張弁
28 エバポレータ
30 暖房回路
32 暖房用ポンプ
33 暖房用電気ヒータ
34 暖房用熱交換器
40 真空断熱タンク
41~45 接続配管
50 流路切替装置
60 制御装置
Claims (9)
- バッテリ用ポンプと循環路とを備え、前記バッテリ用ポンプの駆動により前記循環路に冷却水を循環させて、車両の外部の外部電源から充電可能なバッテリの温度を所定の温度範囲に収まるように調節する車両の温度調節機構において、
前記外部電源から前記バッテリの充電中に、エネルギーの消費により生じる冷熱源により生成された冷水あるいはエネルギーの消費により生じる温熱源により加熱された温水のどちらか一方が前記車両の周囲の雰囲気温度に応じて貯水される真空断熱タンクを備え、
前記外部電源からの充電を除く前記バッテリの電力の入出時に、前記真空断熱タンクが前記循環路に接続されて、前記真空断熱タンクに貯水された前記冷水または前記温水が前記バッテリ用ポンプの駆動により前記循環路に供給され、前記バッテリの温度を前記温度範囲に収めるバッテリ温度調節を行う構成であることを特徴とする温度調節機構。 - 前記外部電源からの充電を除く前記バッテリの電力の入出時で、前記真空断熱タンクに貯水された前記冷水または前記温水の供給による前記バッテリ温度調節が不必要または不可能な場合に、前記真空断熱タンクが車室内に設置された熱交換器に接続され、前記真空断熱タンクに貯水された前記冷水または前記温水が前記熱交換器に供給され、車室内に冷風または温風を送付する構成である請求項1に記載の温度調節機構。
- 電動コンプレッサにより循環する冷媒を用いた冷房回路と、
暖房用電気ヒータで加熱された温水を用いた暖房回路と、
前記バッテリ用ポンプおよび前記循環路に加えて、前記冷房回路の冷媒と冷却水とが熱交換する冷媒用熱交換器およびバッテリ用電気ヒータを備えたバッテリ温度調節回路と、
前記冷房回路、前記暖房回路、および、前記バッテリ温度調節回路のそれぞれに接続された前記真空断熱タンクと、
前記真空断熱タンクを経由する前記暖房回路および前記バッテリ温度調節回路における冷却水の流路を切り替える流路切替装置と、
前記車両の周囲の雰囲気温度を取得する雰囲気温度取得装置と、
前記バッテリの温度を取得するバッテリ温度取得装置と、
前記冷房回路、前記暖房回路、前記バッテリ温度調節回路、および、前記流路切替装置を制御する制御装置と、を備え、
前記制御装置は、
前記外部電源から前記バッテリの充電中に、前記雰囲気温度取得装置が取得した雰囲気温度が予め設定された第一閾値よりも高い場合に、前記冷熱源である前記冷房回路を作動させるとともに前記バッテリ用ポンプを駆動し、前記流路切替装置により冷却水の流路を切り替えて前記冷房回路の冷媒で冷却された冷水を前記真空断熱タンクに貯水する制御を行い、または、取得した前記雰囲気温度が予め前記第一閾値よりも低く設定された第二閾値よりも低い場合に、前記温熱源である前記暖房回路を作動させるとともに前記バッテリ用ポンプを駆動し、前記流路切替装置により冷却水の流路を切り替えて前記暖房回路を流れる温水を前記真空断熱タンクに貯水する制御を行い、
前記外部電源からの充電を除く前記バッテリの電力の入出時に、前記バッテリ用ポンプを駆動し、前記バッテリ温度取得装置が取得した前記バッテリの温度に基づいて、前記流路切替装置により冷却水の流路を切り替えて前記真空断熱タンクに貯水した前記冷水または前記温水を前記バッテリ温度調節回路に供給して、前記バッテリ温度調節の制御を行う構成である請求項1に記載の温度調節機構。 - 前記真空断熱タンクに貯水された前記冷水または前記温水の温度を取得する貯水温度取得装置を備え、
前記制御装置は、前記外部電源からの充電を除く前記バッテリの電力の入出時に、前記真空断熱タンクに前記冷水または前記温水が貯水されていて、前記貯水温度取得装置が取得した前記冷水の温度が予め設定された第三閾値よりも高い場合に、あるいは、前記温水の温度が予め設定された第四閾値よりも低い場合に、前記真空断熱タンクに貯水した前記冷水または前記温水の前記バッテリ温度調節回路への供給を禁止する構成である請求項3に記載の温度調節機構。 - 前記真空断熱タンクに貯水された前記冷水または前記温水の温度を取得する貯水温度取得装置と前記バッテリから出力されるあるいは充電される電力量を取得する電力量取得装置と、を備え、
前記制御装置は、前記外部電源からの充電を除く前記バッテリの電力の入出時に、前記バッテリ温度取得装置が取得した前記バッテリの温度が前記温度範囲に収まり、かつ、前記電力量取得装置が取得した前記電力量が予め設定された第一負荷閾値以下、あるいは、予め設定された第二負荷閾値以上の場合に、前記真空断熱タンクに貯水した前記冷水または前記温水の前記バッテリ温度調節回路への供給を禁止する構成である請求項3または4に記載の温度調節機構。 - 前記制御装置は、前記真空断熱タンクに貯水した前記冷水または前記温水の前記バッテリ温度調節回路への供給を禁止すると、前記貯水温度取得装置が取得した前記冷水または前記温水の温度と乗員が所望する要求温度とを比較し、前記冷水の温度が前記要求温度よりも低い場合または前記温水の温度が前記要求温度よりも高い場合に、前記流路切替装置により前記冷却水の流路を切り替えて前記真空断熱タンクに貯水された前記冷水または前記温水を前記暖房回路に供給し、前記暖房回路に前記冷却水を循環させる暖房用ポンプを駆動するとともに前記電動コンプレッサまたは前記暖房用電気ヒータの駆動を停止する制御を行い、それ以外の場合に前記真空断熱タンクに貯水された前記冷水または前記温水の供給を停止する構成である請求項4または5に記載の温度調節機構。
- 前記バッテリ温度調節回路は、空冷熱交換器が介在した冷却通路と、その空冷熱交換器を迂回する迂回通路と、を有し、
前記制御装置は、前記真空断熱タンクに貯水された前記冷水または前記温水を前記バッテリ温度調節回路に供給する場合に、前記バッテリ温度調節回路における前記冷却水の流路を前記迂回通路に切り替える制御を行う構成である請求項3~6のいずれか1項に記載の温度調節機構。 - 前記制御装置は、前記外部電源からの前記バッテリの充電中に、前記雰囲気温度取得装置が取得した前記雰囲気温度が前記第二閾値以上、かつ、前記第一閾値以下の場合に、前記真空断熱タンクに貯水する制御を禁止する構成である請求項3~7のいずれか1項に記載の温度調節機構。
- 電動コンプレッサにより正循環または逆循環する冷媒を用いた冷暖房回路と、
前記バッテリ用ポンプおよび前記循環路に加えて、前記冷暖房回路の冷媒と冷却水とが熱交換する冷媒用熱交換器を備えたバッテリ温度調節回路と、
前記冷暖房回路、および、前記バッテリ温度調節回路のそれぞれに接続された前記真空断熱タンクと、
前記真空断熱タンクを経由する前記バッテリ温度調節回路における冷却水の流路を切り替える流路切替装置と、
前記車両の周囲の雰囲気温度を取得する雰囲気温度取得装置と、
前記バッテリの温度を取得するバッテリ温度取得装置と、
前記冷暖房回路、前記バッテリ温度調節回路、および、前記流路切替装置を制御する制御装置と、を備え、
前記制御装置は、
前記外部電源から前記バッテリの充電中に、前記雰囲気温度取得装置が取得した雰囲気温度が予め設定された第一閾値よりも高い場合に、または、予め前記第一閾値よりも低く設定された第二閾値よりも低い場合に、前記冷熱源および前記温熱源である前記冷暖房回路を作動させるとともに前記バッテリ用ポンプを駆動し、前記流路切替装置により冷却水の流路を切り替えて前記冷暖房回路の冷媒で冷却された冷水、あるいは、前記冷暖房回路の冷媒で加熱された温水のどちらか一方を前記真空断熱タンクに貯水する制御を行い、
前記外部電源からの充電を除く前記バッテリの電力の入出時に、前記バッテリ用ポンプを駆動し、前記バッテリ温度取得装置が取得した前記バッテリの温度に基づいて、前記流路切替装置により冷却水の流路を切り替えて前記真空断熱タンクに貯水した前記冷水または前記温水を前記バッテリ温度調節回路に供給して、前記バッテリ温度調節の制御を行う構成である請求項1に記載の温度調節機構。
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