WO2022202136A1 - 超硬合金および切削工具 - Google Patents
超硬合金および切削工具 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022202136A1 WO2022202136A1 PCT/JP2022/008482 JP2022008482W WO2022202136A1 WO 2022202136 A1 WO2022202136 A1 WO 2022202136A1 JP 2022008482 W JP2022008482 W JP 2022008482W WO 2022202136 A1 WO2022202136 A1 WO 2022202136A1
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- cemented carbide
- value
- content
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- region
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 40
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 64
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002149 energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009694 cold isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010191 image analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010884 ion-beam technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
- B23B27/148—Composition of the cutting inserts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
- C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
- C22C29/08—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds based on tungsten carbide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
- C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
- C22C29/067—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds comprising a particular metallic binder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F2005/001—Cutting tools, earth boring or grinding tool other than table ware
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2200/00—Details of cutting inserts
- B23B2200/04—Overall shape
- B23B2200/0471—Square
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2224/00—Materials of tools or workpieces composed of a compound including a metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2228/00—Properties of materials of tools or workpieces, materials of tools or workpieces applied in a specific manner
- B23B2228/10—Coatings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
- C22C1/051—Making hard metals based on borides, carbides, nitrides, oxides or silicides; Preparation of the powder mixture used as the starting material therefor
Definitions
- Patent Document 1 As a cemented carbide used for cutting tools, for example, the cemented carbide described in International Publication No. 2019/138599 (Patent Document 1) is known.
- the cemented carbide described in Patent Document 1 has a hard phase composed of tungsten carbide particles and a binder phase containing Co and Cr.
- the peak value C (C) of the atomic concentration of Co and the peak value C (R) of the atomic concentration of Cr The maximum value of the ratio C(R)/C(C) of is 0.177 shown in sample D3 in Table 4.
- the solid solubility limit of Cr to Co is approximately 30 atm%, and Patent Document 1 discloses that Co and Cr, which is about half the solid solubility limit, are present between tungsten particles. disclosed.
- the cemented carbide 1 may have a plurality of tungsten carbide (WC) grains. WC particles may also be referred to as hard particles.
- the cemented carbide 1 may have a hard phase containing a plurality of WC grains.
- the hard phase may contain at least one selected from the group of carbides, nitrides and carbonitrides of Groups 4, 5 and 6 metals other than WC.
- the average particle size of the WC powder may be 0.4 ⁇ m or more and 3.0 ⁇ m or less.
- the Co powder may have an average particle size of 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 3.0 ⁇ m or less.
- the Cr 3 C 2 powder may have an average particle size of 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 3.5 ⁇ m or less.
- the average particle size of the raw material powder may be a value measured by the Microtrac method.
- the Cr content in the WC/WC region S tends to increase.
- the secondary keep temperature during cooling is set to a temperature of 10 ° C. or higher and 100 ° C. or lower, which is the lower limit value of the liquidus temperature of the binder phase
- the ratio of the Cr content and the W content in the binder phase It is easy to adjust (Cr content/W content) to 1.2 or more and 2.0 or less.
- the thermal conductivity of the cemented carbide 1 is likely to be 70 W/m ⁇ K or more.
- the first surface 105 may be a rake surface.
- the entire surface of the first surface 105 may be a rake face, or a part thereof may be a rake face.
- the region of the first surface 105 along the cutting edge 109 may be a rake face.
- the cutting tool 101 may have a rectangular plate shape. Note that the shape of the cutting tool 101 is not limited to a rectangular plate shape.
- first surface 105 may be triangular, pentagonal, hexagonal, or circular.
- the cutting tool 101 may have a columnar shape.
- Elemental analysis was performed across this WC/WC region from one WC grain to the other to obtain Cr and Co values. Also, the Cr/Co ratio was calculated using the obtained Cr value and Co value. By the same method, the elemental analysis was also performed on the other three or more WC/WC regions, and the obtained Cr value, Co value, and Cr/Co ratio were averaged.
- An example of measurement equipment and measurement conditions used for TEM and TEM-EDS analysis is shown below.
- Thermal conductivity It was measured by a laser flash method using model number LFA-502 manufactured by Kyoto Electronics Industry Co., Ltd. Measurement conditions conformed to JIS R1611 2010.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
Abstract
Description
以下、本開示の限定されない一面の超硬合金1について、図面を用いて詳細に説明する。但し、以下で参照する図では、説明の便宜上、実施形態を説明する上で必要な主要部材のみが簡略化して示される。したがって、超硬合金1は、参照する図に示されない任意の構成部材を備え得る。また、図中の部材の寸法は、実際の構成部材の寸法および各部材の寸法比率などを忠実に表したものではない。これらの点は、後述する切削工具においても同様である。
次に、本開示の限定されない一面の超硬合金の製造方法について、超硬合金1を製造する場合を例に挙げて説明する。
次に、本開示の限定されない一面の切削工具101について、図2および図3を用いて説明する。
<超硬合金の作製>
まず、表1の調合組成の欄に示す原料粉末を準備した。原料粉末の平均粒径は、マイクロトラック法で測定された値である。準備した原料粉末を表1に示す組み合わせと割合で混合し、混合原料粉末を得た。
得られた超硬合金について、WC粒子の平均粒径、含有量、元素分析および熱伝導率を測定した。また、切削評価を行い、耐欠損性を評価した。測定方法を以下に示すとともに、結果を表2に示す。
WC粒子の平均粒径の測定は、以下の手順にて行った。まず、走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)を用いて、倍率3000~5000倍でWC基超硬合金の断面を観察し、SEM像を取得する。該SEM像におけるWC粒子を少なくとも50個以上、好ましくは100個以上特定して抽出する。その後、画像解析ソフトImageJ(1.52)を用いて円相当径を算出することにより、WC粒子の平均粒径を求めた。
ICP分析によって、超硬合金に含有される結合相の金属元素の組成分析を行い、金属元素の総量に対する各金属元素の含有量(Cr含有量、Co含有量およびW含有量)を算出した。また、Cr含有量およびW含有量を用いて比率(Cr含有量/W含有量)を算出した。ICP分析は、以下の手順に従って行った。まず、超硬合金を粉砕した。次に、粉砕した超硬合金粉末から0.2gを秤量した。そして、水、1に対してHClを体積基準で1加えた溶液を用いて酸溶解した。酸溶解は、溶液を70℃に保持しながらスターラーで24h攪拌した。その後、濾過した溶液を用いてICP分析を行った。測定装置はICP発光分光分析装置 PQ9000Elite(アナリティクイエナ製)を用いた。
超硬合金の断面において、100nm以上の対向面長さLを持って隣り合うWC粒子の表面間の距離Xが、5nm以下である領域をWC/WC領域とした。
・装置
FIB :集束イオンビーム加工観察装置JIB-4700F(日本電子製)
TEM :透過/走査型電子顕微鏡JEM-ARM200F(日本電子製)
EDS :エネルギー分散型X線分光器JED-2300T(日本電子製)
・条件
FIB加工・・・加速電圧:30、3kV デポジション膜:C
試料の前処理C蒸着
TEM分析・・・加速電圧:200kV
EDS分析・・・加速電圧:200kV
照射電流量:約68pA 測定時間:30sec/point
京都電子工業社製の型番LFA-502を用いてレーザーフラッシュ法によって測定した。測定条件は、JIS R1611 2010に準拠した。
切削性能試験を以下の条件で行った。
(1)耐欠損性試験
被削材 :耐熱鋳鋼SCH12角材
工具形状:PNMU1205ANER-GM
切削速度:150m/分
送り速度:0.30mm/rev
切り込み:ap=2.0mm ae=50mm
クーラント:ドライ
評価項目:工具最大損傷幅が0.2mm以上となるまでの加工時間(加工寿命)を測定
(2)耐摩耗性試験
被削材 :耐熱鋳鋼SCH12角材
工具形状:PNMU1205ANER-GM
切削速度:200m/分
送り速度:0.20mm/rev
切り込み:ap=2.0mm ae=50mm
クーラント:ドライ
評価項目:工具最大損傷幅が0.2mm以上となるまでの加工時間(加工寿命)を測定
3・・・第1炭化タングステン粒子
5・・・第2炭化タングステン粒子
101・・・切削工具
103・・・被覆膜
105・・・第1面
107・・・第2面
109・・・切刃
111・・・貫通孔
L・・・対向面長さ
X・・・距離
S・・・WC/WC領域
Claims (9)
- 複数の炭化タングステン粒子と、少なくともCoを含む結合相と、を有する超硬合金であって、
前記結合相は、Crをさらに含み、
前記超硬合金の断面において、100nm以上の対向面長さLを持って隣り合う前記炭化タングステン粒子の表面間の距離Xが、5nm以下である領域をWC/WC領域とし、
該WC/WC領域を、一方の炭化タングステン粒子から他方の炭化タングステン粒子にわたって横断する方向に元素分析して得られた前記Crの最大値(atm%)をCr値とし、前記Coの最大値(atm%)をCo値とし、前記Cr値と前記Co値との比率(Cr値/Co値)をCr/Co比率とした場合、
該Cr/Co比率は、1.0よりも大きい、超硬合金。 - 前記Cr/Co比率は、1.2以上である、請求項1に記載の超硬合金。
- 前記Cr値は、4atm%以上である、請求項1または2に記載の超硬合金。
- 前記結合相は、85質量%以上、92質量%以下の割合で前記Coを含む、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の超硬合金。
- 前記結合相は、5質量%以上の割合で前記Crを含有する、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の超硬合金。
- 前記結合相は、Wをさらに含み、前記結合相に含まれるWの含有量(質量%)をW含有量とし、前記結合相に含まれるCrの含有量(質量%)をCr含有量とした場合、
前記Cr含有量と前記W含有量との比率(Cr含有量/W含有量)は、1.2以上、2.0以下である、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の超硬合金。 - 前記超硬合金は、熱伝導率が70W/m・K以上である、請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の超硬合金。
- 請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の超硬合金を有する、切削工具。
- 前記超硬合金の表面の少なくとも一部を被覆する被覆膜を有する、請求項8に記載の切削工具。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE112022001739.2T DE112022001739T5 (de) | 2021-03-25 | 2022-03-01 | Hartmetall und Schneidwerkzeug |
JP2023508859A JPWO2022202136A1 (ja) | 2021-03-25 | 2022-03-01 | |
US18/548,571 US20240139826A1 (en) | 2021-03-25 | 2022-03-01 | Cemented carbide and cutting tool |
CN202280019605.8A CN116940700A (zh) | 2021-03-25 | 2022-03-01 | 硬质合金以及切削刀具 |
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JP2011195846A (ja) * | 2010-03-17 | 2011-10-06 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | 表面被覆wc基超硬合金製切削工具 |
WO2014132512A1 (ja) * | 2013-02-27 | 2014-09-04 | 京セラ株式会社 | 切削工具 |
WO2019138599A1 (ja) * | 2018-01-09 | 2019-07-18 | 住友電工ハードメタル株式会社 | 超硬合金及び切削工具 |
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CN112634181B (zh) | 2019-09-24 | 2024-06-14 | 阿波罗智能技术(北京)有限公司 | 用于检测地面点云点的方法和装置 |
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- 2022-03-01 DE DE112022001739.2T patent/DE112022001739T5/de active Pending
- 2022-03-01 JP JP2023508859A patent/JPWO2022202136A1/ja active Pending
- 2022-03-01 CN CN202280019605.8A patent/CN116940700A/zh active Pending
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JP2003105459A (ja) * | 2001-09-27 | 2003-04-09 | Kyocera Corp | 超硬合金およびその製造方法 |
JP2004256852A (ja) * | 2003-02-25 | 2004-09-16 | Kyocera Corp | 超硬合金およびそれを用いたドリル |
JP2011195846A (ja) * | 2010-03-17 | 2011-10-06 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | 表面被覆wc基超硬合金製切削工具 |
WO2014132512A1 (ja) * | 2013-02-27 | 2014-09-04 | 京セラ株式会社 | 切削工具 |
WO2019138599A1 (ja) * | 2018-01-09 | 2019-07-18 | 住友電工ハードメタル株式会社 | 超硬合金及び切削工具 |
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CN116940700A (zh) | 2023-10-24 |
DE112022001739T5 (de) | 2024-01-04 |
JPWO2022202136A1 (ja) | 2022-09-29 |
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