WO2022161049A1 - 一种镀铝钢板、热成形部件及制造方法 - Google Patents
一种镀铝钢板、热成形部件及制造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022161049A1 WO2022161049A1 PCT/CN2021/140835 CN2021140835W WO2022161049A1 WO 2022161049 A1 WO2022161049 A1 WO 2022161049A1 CN 2021140835 W CN2021140835 W CN 2021140835W WO 2022161049 A1 WO2022161049 A1 WO 2022161049A1
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- Prior art keywords
- steel sheet
- temperature
- coating
- phase
- heating
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000003856 thermoforming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 82
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 77
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 77
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 53
- 229910000680 Aluminized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 229910019018 Mg 2 Si Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 30
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- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 18
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- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021364 Al-Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 21
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910019752 Mg2Si Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 27
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910018125 Al-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910018520 Al—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 2
- AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CCNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/12—Aluminium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/26—After-treatment
- C23C2/28—Thermal after-treatment, e.g. treatment in oil bath
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/26—After-treatment
- C23C2/28—Thermal after-treatment, e.g. treatment in oil bath
- C23C2/29—Cooling or quenching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/34—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the material to be treated
- C23C2/36—Elongated material
- C23C2/40—Plates; Strips
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
- C23C28/021—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material including at least one metal alloy layer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
- C23C28/023—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material only coatings of metal elements only
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of metal-coated steel sheets, in particular to an aluminum-coated steel sheet, a thermoforming part and a manufacturing method.
- aluminized steel sheet Due to its good heat resistance and corrosion resistance, aluminized steel sheet is widely used in various fields such as automobiles, home appliances, ovens and ovens. Due to the high temperature oxidation resistance of the aluminum coating, it can avoid oxidation and decarburization of the steel plate during the heat treatment process. Therefore, the aluminum coating is widely used in the field of hot forming steel (especially the field of hot stamping steel), and the global demand for hot stamping steel with aluminum coating is About 2 million tons.
- hot forming of aluminum-coated steel sheets also faces some difficulties, such as aluminum melt sticking during heat treatment, and the risk of hydrogen embrittlement.
- Patent CN101583486B clearly proposes that the heating rate of aluminized steel sheets between 20 and 700°C should not exceed 12°C/s.
- Patent CN109518114A also discloses a staged heating method to avoid the problem of aluminum melting and sticking, and also reduce the heating rate.
- patent CN100471595C discloses a hot stamping method, which reduces the risk of hydrogen embrittlement of hot stamped parts by controlling the atmosphere of the hot stamping process.
- Patent CN104160050B discloses a hot stamping steel, which reduces the risk of hydrogen embrittlement of the steel plate by increasing the concentration of Mn-containing inclusions and Mn oxides in the steel.
- the present invention proposes an aluminized steel sheet, a hot forming part and a manufacturing method.
- the purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem of melt sticking during heat treatment and the risk of hydrogen embrittlement in the manufacture of hot-formed parts from aluminized steel sheets.
- the invention provides an aluminized steel sheet, a thermoforming part and a manufacturing method, which can alleviate the problems of melt sticking to the roll and the risk of hydrogen embrittlement of the aluminized steel sheet during the hot forming process.
- the invention provides an aluminized steel sheet, comprising a substrate and a coating on the surface of the substrate.
- the microstructure of the coating includes a Mg 2 Si phase and an AlMgSiFe phase, and the average grain diameter of the Mg 2 Si phase is 0.001-5 ⁇ m.
- the problem of melt sticking and the risk of hydrogen embrittlement during the heat treatment process can be alleviated when the aluminized steel sheet is used to manufacture the thermoformed parts, and the red rust resistance of the thermoformed parts made of the aluminized steel sheet can be improved.
- the plating layer includes a plating surface layer and a plating barrier layer, and the plating surface layer includes a Mg 2 Si phase and an AlMgSiFe phase.
- the plating layer further includes a plating barrier layer, the plating barrier layer includes Fe-Al and Fe-Al-Si alloys, and the thickness of the plating barrier layer is less than or equal to 5 ⁇ m.
- the coating thickness of the aluminized steel sheet is 5-50 ⁇ m.
- the elemental composition of the substrate of the aluminized steel sheet includes: C: 0.05-0.5%, Si: 0.01-2.0%, Mn: 0.3-3.0%, Al: 0.005-0.3%, 0.01% ⁇ Ti ⁇ 0.1%, 0.0005% ⁇ B ⁇ 0.1%, 0.05% ⁇ Cr ⁇ 0.5%, 0.0005% ⁇ Nb ⁇ 0.1%, Fe.
- the elemental composition of the substrate of the aluminized steel sheet includes: C: 0.05-0.5%, Si: 0.01-2.0%, Mn: 0.3-3.0%, Al: 0.005-0.3%, 0.01% ⁇ Ti ⁇ 0.1%, 0.0005% ⁇ B ⁇ 0.1%, 0.05% ⁇ Cr ⁇ 0.5%, 0.0005% ⁇ Nb ⁇ 0.1%, and the balance is Fe and inevitable impurities.
- P ⁇ 0.3%, S ⁇ 0.1%, and V ⁇ 0.1% are controlled by mass percentage.
- the present invention also provides a method for manufacturing the above-mentioned aluminized steel sheet, comprising the following steps:
- the annealing temperature is 710-780°C
- the temperature of the plating solution is 600-660°C
- the temperature of the plating solution - the temperature of the steel plate into the pot is ⁇ 5°C
- the steel plate is cooled after the pot is out of the pot, and the temperature from the temperature of the steel plate out of the pot to the solidification temperature of the coating is
- the average cooling rate is greater than 15°C/s, and the average cooling rate from the temperature of the steel plate to 200°C is 10-30°C/s.
- the chemical element composition of the plating solution includes: Si: 5-11%, Mg: 0.5-20% by mass.
- the plating solution further includes Zn, in terms of mass percentage, Zn: 1-10%.
- the balance of the above-mentioned plating solution is Al and inevitable impurities.
- the rolling step includes hot rolling, and the coiling temperature of the hot rolling is less than or equal to 630°C.
- the rolling step includes cold rolling, and the deformation amount of the cold rolling is 10-70%.
- the present invention also provides a thermoformed part manufactured from the above-mentioned aluminized steel sheet.
- thermoformed part includes a surface layer of the part and an inner layer of the part, the mass percentage of Mg in the surface layer of the part/the mass percentage of Mg in the inner layer of the part ⁇ 5, and the core hardness HV1 ⁇ 300 of the thermoformed part.
- the present invention also provides a method for manufacturing the above-mentioned thermoforming component, comprising the following steps:
- the billet is heat treated.
- the heating method of heat treatment is one-stage heating or stepped heating.
- the heating termination temperature is a temperature between 900 and 1000 °C, and the total heating time is 10 to 600s.
- the heating termination temperature includes a plurality of temperatures in the range of 700 to 1000 ° C, and the total heating time is 1 to 15 minutes, wherein the highest temperature in the plurality of temperatures is 900 to 1000 ° C.
- the time for the billet to be between 900 and 1000°C is 10 to 600s;
- the temperature when the blank is transferred to the mold is greater than or equal to 650°C, and the cooling rate of the mold is greater than or equal to 30°C/s.
- thermoforming process is hot stamping or hot rolling.
- a thickening rolling step is also performed before processing the aluminized steel sheet into a billet.
- Fig. 1 shows the scanning pattern of the coating of the aluminized steel sheet of Example 2 of the present invention
- FIG. 2 shows the change of the mass percentage of Mg in the coating layer of the thermoformed part according to Example 2 of the present invention with the depth of the coating layer.
- the azimuth or positional relationship indicated by the term "in” and the like is based on the azimuth or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the azimuth or position that the product of the invention is usually placed in use.
- the relationship is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.
- the invention provides an aluminized steel sheet, comprising a substrate and a coating on the surface of the substrate.
- the microstructure of the coating includes a Mg 2 Si phase and an AlMgSiFe phase, and the average grain diameter of the Mg 2 Si phase is 0.001-5 ⁇ m.
- the formation of Mg 2 Si phase and AlMgSiFe phase in the coating can reduce the proportion of Al phase or Al-Si phase in the coating with Al as the main component, break the aggregation of these Al-containing phases on the surface of the coating, and make it as dispersed as possible , in order to reduce the melting of aluminum in the heat treatment process, alleviate the problem of aluminum melting and sticking during the heat treatment process, so that the aluminized steel sheet can be applied to a faster heating rate to improve production efficiency, and at the same time, reduce the amount of molten aluminum in the heat treatment process.
- the probability of the H 2 O reaction to generate H 2 reduces the content of H 2 in the atmosphere during the heat treatment process, thereby alleviating the risk of hydrogen embrittlement.
- the average grain diameter of the Mg 2 Si phase in the coating with better quality is 0.001-5 ⁇ m, and the smaller the average grain diameter of the Mg 2 Si phase, the easier it is to distribute on the coating surface, and the Helps reduce the risk of hydrogen embrittlement.
- the plating layer includes a plating surface layer, and the plating surface layer includes a Mg 2 Si phase and an AlMgSiFe phase.
- the coating is mainly composed of Al phase and Si-rich phase, and the Mg 2 Si phase and AlMgSiFe phase are uniformly distributed in the surface layer of the coating in the form of clusters or networks. Since the Mg-containing phase is easy to aggregate on the surface of the coating, the Mg 2 Si phase and the AlMgSiFe phase in the coating are preferentially distributed on the surface of the coating during the heat treatment process, which can effectively block the diffusion or penetration of H 2 in the external atmosphere of the coating to the substrate, and can further Reduce the risk of hydrogen embrittlement.
- the above-mentioned plating layer further includes a plating barrier layer, the plating barrier layer includes Fe-Al and Fe-Al-Si alloy, and the thickness of the plating barrier layer is less than or equal to 5 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the coating barrier layer can be adjusted by adjusting the conditions such as the time that the steel plate is immersed in the plating solution. In the embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the coating barrier layer should be controlled within 5 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the layer is too large, it will affect the change of the structure of the coating during the cooling process, for example, the Mg 2 Si phase and the AlMgSiFe phase cannot be formed, the grain size is too large, and even the surface layer of the coating layer may fall off during the subsequent hot forming process.
- the coating thickness of the aluminized steel sheet is 5-50 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the plating layer can be controlled by adjusting the immersion time of the substrate in the plating solution and the airflow intensity of the air knife. The longer the dipping time, the thicker the coating; the greater the airflow intensity of the air knife, the thinner the coating.
- the elemental composition of the substrate of the aluminized steel sheet includes: C: 0.05-0.5%, Si: 0.01-2.0%, Mn: 0.3-3.0%, Al: 0.005-0.3%, 0.01% ⁇ Ti ⁇ 0.1%, 0.0005% ⁇ B ⁇ 0.1%, 0.05% ⁇ Cr ⁇ 0.5%, 0.0005% ⁇ Nb ⁇ 0.1%, Fe.
- the elemental composition of the substrate of the aluminized steel sheet includes: C: 0.05-0.5%, Si: 0.01-2.0%, Mn: 0.3-3.0%, Al: 0.005-0.3%, 0.01% ⁇ Ti ⁇ 0.1%, 0.0005% ⁇ B ⁇ 0.1%, 0.05% ⁇ Cr ⁇ 0.5%, 0.0005% ⁇ Nb ⁇ 0.1%, and the balance is Fe and inevitable impurities.
- P, S, V elements are unavoidable impurities, and the content in the substrate is as small as possible. S ⁇ 0.1%, V ⁇ 0.1%.
- the present invention also provides a method for manufacturing the above-mentioned aluminized steel sheet, comprising the following steps:
- the annealing temperature is 710-780°C
- the temperature of the plating solution is 600-660°C
- the temperature of the plating solution - the temperature of the steel plate into the pot is ⁇ 5°C
- the steel plate is cooled after the pot is out of the pot, and the temperature from the temperature of the steel plate out of the pot to the solidification temperature of the coating is
- the average cooling rate is greater than 15°C/s, and the average cooling rate from the temperature of the steel plate to 200°C is 10-30°C/s.
- the annealing temperature is lower than 710°C, the platability of the steel sheet may be affected, resulting in missed plating or poor coating adhesion; if the annealing temperature is higher than 780°C, energy waste may be caused, which may further affect the surface condition of the steel sheet. Variations can affect the coating surface quality and can affect the grain size of the Mg2Si phase in the coating and the formation of the AlMgSiFe phase.
- the temperature of the bath will affect the alloying reaction of molten Al and Fe, which in turn affects the composition and thickness of the coating barrier.
- the temperature of the plating solution is controlled at 600-660 °C, and the temperature of the steel plate into the pot is controlled to be slightly lower than the temperature of the plating solution to obtain a coating barrier layer with suitable thickness and structure, and to further ensure that the surface layer of the coating layer in the subsequent processing process.
- the desired AlMgSiFe phase and Mg 2 Si phase are formed, and the peeling of the coating surface layer is avoided.
- the temperature of the plating solution is too high or too low, and the difference between the temperature of the steel plate entering the pot and the temperature of the plating solution is too large, which will affect the surface quality of the coating, the grain size of the Mg 2 Si phase in the coating, and the formation of the AlMgSiFe phase, resulting in the average Mg 2 Si phase. Grain diameter > 5 ⁇ m and/or AlMgSiFe phase cannot be formed. If the average particle size of the Mg 2 Si phase in the coating is too large, the surface of the coating will be obviously rough, affecting the appearance of the steel sheet.
- the average cooling rate from the temperature of the steel plate to the solidification temperature of the coating and the average cooling rate from the temperature of the steel plate to 200 °C are very important. If these two cooling rates are too slow, the growth rate of the Al-Si phase will be too fast. The formation of the Mg 2 Si phase and the AlMgSiFe phase will be inhibited, so that the problems of melt sticking and hydrogen embrittlement encountered in the hot forming process of the aluminized steel sheet in this application cannot be achieved. At the same time, the cooling rate is too slow in the coating layer.
- the temperature of the steel plate into the pot can be adjusted according to the thickness and width of the steel plate, the temperature of the steel plate into the pot and the cooling rate after the steel plate is released (including the average cooling rate from the temperature of the steel plate to the solidification temperature of the coating and the average cooling rate from the temperature of the steel plate to 200°C).
- Appropriately fast cooling rate can further improve the uniform distribution and grain refinement of the Mg 2 Si phase and the AlMgSiFe phase in the surface layer of the coating.
- control of the cooling speed can be realized by adjusting the power of the fan.
- the chemical element composition of the plating solution includes: Si: 5-11%, Mg: 0.5-20% by mass percentage.
- Si in the plating solution is essential, and it mainly plays the role of suppressing the thickness of the barrier layer. If the Si content in the plating solution is too low, the thickness of the barrier layer will be too thick, resulting in poor workability of the steel sheet.
- the content of Si is high to a certain extent, the inhibitory effect on the barrier layer is limited, and at the same time, it will affect the fluidity of the plating solution, making the production more difficult, so the content of Si in the plating solution is set at 5-11%.
- the presence of Mg in the coating is mainly to improve the corrosion resistance and to form the Mg 2 Si phase at the same time.
- the Mg in the coating comes from the bath, and the Mg content in the bath exceeds a certain value to form the Mg 2 Si phase during cooling, but the solubility of Mg in the Al-Si bath is limited. It is easy to be oxidized to form slag, which makes production difficult, so the Mg content in the plating solution is set at 0.5-20%.
- the plating solution further includes Zn, in terms of mass percentage, Zn: 1-10%.
- Zn in terms of mass percentage, Zn: 1-10%.
- the Zn in the coating has the sacrificial protection effect of the sacrificial anode, which can enhance the corrosion resistance of the steel.
- the balance of the plating solution is Al and inevitable impurities.
- the rolling step includes hot rolling, and the coiling temperature of hot rolling is less than or equal to 630°C. If the coiling temperature is too high, the oxide scale on the surface of the steel plate may be too thick, which cannot be completely removed during pickling after rolling, affecting the subsequent aluminum plating. the surface quality of the coating.
- the rolling step further includes cold rolling. If the steel sheet cannot meet the requirements of the user's usage scenario after the aforementioned hot rolling step, the hot rolled steel coil after hot rolling may be further cold rolled. In the embodiment of the present application, The deformation amount of cold rolling is controlled to be 10 to 70%.
- the above-mentioned aluminum-coated steel sheet may be used directly by cold stamping, or may be used by hot stamping.
- the present invention also provides a thermoformed part manufactured from the above-mentioned aluminized steel sheet.
- thermoformed part includes a surface layer of the part and an inner layer of the part, the mass percentage of Mg in the surface layer of the part/the mass percentage of Mg in the inner layer of the part ⁇ 5, and the core hardness HV1 ⁇ 300 of the thermoformed part.
- the previously formed coating surface layer and coating barrier layer will be transformed into the component surface layer and the component internal layer of the thermoformed part, and the corresponding structure will also change, and the surface layer will be changed from the original Al-
- the Si alloy will become Fe-Al-Si alloy, and the original Fe-Al-Si alloy barrier layer will further undergo alloying diffusion, and the content of Fe will further increase.
- the inner layer of the component is the substrate of the thermoformed component to the dark Fe-rich layer in the coating, and the dark Fe-rich layer in the coating to the surface of the coating is the component surface layer.
- the Mg 2 Si phase and the AlMgSiFe phase are distributed in the surface layer of the coating, and the Mg 2 Si phase and the AlMgSiFe phase are still preferentially distributed on the surface of the coating during the heat treatment process.
- the mass percentage of Mg/the mass percentage of Mg in the inner layer of the component is ⁇ 5, which is determined by the aggregation characteristics of Mg. Due to the abundant Mg on the surface of thermoformed parts, the red rust resistance of thermoformed parts during transportation and storage can be improved.
- the substrate of the aluminized steel sheet will become the core of the hot-formed part after hot forming, and the microstructure of the core of the hot-formed part contains one or more of martensite, bainite, and ferrite.
- the composition and content are related to the composition of the substrate and the cooling rate of the mold during thermoforming, and the final structure of the core will affect the hardness of the core of the thermoformed part.
- the present invention also provides a method for manufacturing the above-mentioned thermoforming component, comprising the following steps:
- the billet is heat treated.
- the heating method of heat treatment is one-stage heating or stepped heating.
- the heating termination temperature is a temperature between 900 and 1000 °C, and the total heating time is 10 to 600s.
- the stepped heating termination temperature includes multiple temperatures in the range of 700 to 1000°C, and the total heating time is 1 to 15 minutes, wherein the highest temperature among the multiple temperatures is 900 to 1000°C At a certain temperature, the holding time of the blank between 900 and 1000 ° C is 10 to 600 s;
- thermoforming mold is water-cooled, and the cooling rate of the mold is controlled by adjusting conditions such as the flow rate, flow rate, and pressure of the cooling water.
- the heating end temperature is a certain temperature between 900 and 1000°C
- the total heating time is the time from the start to the end of the billet heating.
- the end temperature of the stepped heating includes multiple temperatures in the range of 700-1000°C
- the total heating time is the time from the start to the end of the blank heating.
- the final heating termination temperature needs to be above 900 °C to ensure that the steel is completely austenitized and prepares for the formation of the required structure during the cooling process.
- the upper limit of the heating termination temperature is set to 1000°C for energy saving.
- thermoforming process is hot stamping or hot rolling.
- a thickening rolling step is also performed before processing the aluminized steel sheet into a billet.
- the aluminized steel sheets and thermoformed parts of Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were manufactured by the following manufacturing methods.
- Step 1 Smelting to obtain a substrate whose elemental composition is shown in Table 1.
- Step 2 rolling to obtain a rolled steel plate; after rolling, pickling is performed to remove the oxide layer on the surface of the steel plate.
- Step 3 continuous annealing, continuous annealing the rolled steel plate, then put the continuous annealed steel plate into a pot (immersed in a plating solution), and the steel plate after immersion plating is finished in the pot for cooling to obtain an aluminized steel plate.
- Step 4 Process the aluminized steel sheet into a billet.
- Step 5 heat treatment of the blank.
- Step 6 Transfer the heat-treated blank to a mold for thermoforming to obtain a thermoformed part.
- the hydrogen content of the thermoforming parts is evaluated by the G4-PHONEX trace hydrogen concentration analyzer.
- the maximum heating temperature does not exceed 400 °C, and the amount of hydrogen released is recorded. , 1 is the worst.
- the GDS850A glow spectrometer was used for testing, wherein the inner layer of the part was the substrate of the thermoformed part to the dark Fe-rich layer in the coating, and the dark Fe-rich layer in the coating to the surface of the coating was the surface layer of the part.
- Neutral salt spray test is used for evaluation.
- the thermoformed parts to be evaluated do not have electrophoretic coating film. After 24 hours, according to the degree of red rust, the red rust coverage of less than 5% is the best. In this experiment, level 5 is the best, and level 1 is the worst.
- thermoformed parts Vickers hardness of thermoformed parts was determined according to GB/T 4340.1-2009 standard.
- Figure 1 is obtained by scanning the coating of the aluminized steel sheet obtained in Example 2 of the present invention by using a Zeiss field emission electron microscope.
- a GDS850A glow spectrometer was used to test the thermoformed parts obtained in Example 2 of the present invention, and Figure 2 was obtained which reflects the change of the mass percentage of Mg with the depth of the coating.
- Table 1 shows the composition of substrate chemical elements in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-2.
- Example 1 0.05 0.05 1.90 0.059 0.038 0.006 0.090 0.0005 0.05 0.0031 0.0051
- Example 2 0.23 0.23 1.19 0.015 0.001 0.04 0.010 0.0040 0.23 0.0010 0.0010
- Example 3 0.29 0.50 2.51 0.024 0.04 0.08 0.027 0.0052 0.21 0.0005 0.0022
- Example 4 0.36 0.36 1.50 0.044 0.03 0.07 0.05 0.0062 0.41 0.0062 0.0012
- Example 5 0.50 0.48 0.40 0.081 0.02 0.05 0.090 0.0071 0.20 0.071 0.0021
- Table 2 shows the rolling of the steel sheets in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-2, the process parameters of the continuous hot-dip plating process, the elemental composition of the plating solution, and the microstructure and thickness of the coating.
- Table 3 shows the process parameters of the heat treatment of the aluminized steel sheets in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-2, whether the sticking phenomenon occurs, the process parameters of hot forming, and the properties of the hot-formed parts.
- the microstructure of the aluminized steel sheet obtained in Example 1-6 includes Mg 2 Si phase and AlMgSiFe phase, and the average grain diameter of Mg 2 Si phase is 1-5 ⁇ m.
- the thermoformed parts obtained in Examples 1-6 have excellent hydrogen embrittlement resistance, the mass percentage of Mg in the surface layer of the part/the mass percentage of Mg in the inner layer of the part ⁇ 5, and the resistance of the thermoformed part is Excellent red rust ability, core hardness HV1 ⁇ 300.
- FIG. 1 is a scanning map of the coating of the aluminized steel sheet according to Example 2 of the present invention. It can be seen that the microstructure of the coating includes a Mg 2 Si phase and an AlMgSiFe phase.
- FIG. 2 shows the change of the mass percentage of Mg in the thermoformed part according to the second embodiment of the present invention with the coating depth. It can be seen that the closer to the coating surface, the higher the mass percentage of Mg.
- the average cooling rate from the temperature of the steel plate out of the pan to the solidification temperature of the coating in Comparative Example 1 is too slow, only 10°C/s, and the chemical element composition of the plating solution does not contain Mg, and the coating of the aluminized steel plate does not contain Mg 2 Si Phase and AlMgSiFe phase, the phenomenon of melting and sticking occurs during heat treatment, the temperature when the billet is transferred to the mold is too low, only 600 °C, the cooling rate of the mold is too low, only 25 °C/s, the hydrogen embrittlement resistance of thermoforming parts And the red rust resistance is poor, and the core hardness HV1 is only 250.
- the difference between the temperature of the plating solution and the temperature of the steel plate in the comparative example 2 is too large, the difference is 20 °C, and the average cooling rate from the temperature of the steel plate to the solidification temperature of the coating is too slow, only 5 °C/s.
- the average cooling rate of the steel plate from the pot temperature to 200 °C is too slow, only 8 °C/s, the content of Mg in the chemical element composition of the plating solution is only 0.3%, and does not contain Mg 2 Si phase and AlMgSiFe phase.
- the temperature when the blank is transferred to the mold is too low, only 600 °C, the cooling rate of the mold is too low, only 25 °C/s, the resistance to hydrogen embrittlement of thermoforming parts is poor, and the surface layer of the part has Mg.
- the mass percentage/mass percentage of Mg in the inner layer of the part is only 3, the red rust resistance is poor, and the core hardness HV1 is only 250.
- the present invention provides an aluminized steel sheet, a thermoformed part and a manufacturing method, which can alleviate the melt-sticking problem of the aluminized steel sheet during the heat treatment process, reduce the risk of hydrogen embrittlement, and at the same time improve the red rust resistance of the thermoformed part ability.
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Abstract
Description
编号 | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Al | Ti | B | Cr | Nb | V |
实施例1 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 1.90 | 0.059 | 0.038 | 0.006 | 0.090 | 0.0005 | 0.05 | 0.0031 | 0.0051 |
实施例2 | 0.23 | 0.23 | 1.19 | 0.015 | 0.001 | 0.04 | 0.010 | 0.0040 | 0.23 | 0.0010 | 0.0010 |
实施例3 | 0.29 | 0.50 | 2.51 | 0.024 | 0.04 | 0.08 | 0.027 | 0.0052 | 0.21 | 0.0005 | 0.0022 |
实施例4 | 0.36 | 0.36 | 1.50 | 0.044 | 0.03 | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.0062 | 0.41 | 0.0062 | 0.0012 |
实施例5 | 0.50 | 0.48 | 0.40 | 0.081 | 0.02 | 0.05 | 0.090 | 0.0071 | 0.20 | 0.071 | 0.0021 |
实施例6 | 0.15 | 1.80 | 2.90 | 0.039 | 0.038 | 0.29 | 0.090 | 0.0031 | 0.15 | 0.0031 | 0.0031 |
对比例1 | 0.23 | 0.23 | 1.19 | 0.015 | 0.001 | 0.04 | 0.030 | 0.0040 | 0.23 | 0.0010 | 0.0010 |
对比例2 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 1.31 | 0.024 | 0.004 | 0.08 | 0.027 | 0.0052 | 0.21 | 0.0005 | 0.0022 |
Claims (18)
- 一种镀铝钢板,其特征在于,包括基板和所述基板表面的镀层,所述镀层的微观组织包括Mg 2Si相和AlMgSiFe相,所述Mg 2Si相的平均晶粒直径为0.001~5μm。
- 根据权利要求1所述的镀铝钢板,其特征在于,所述镀层包括镀层表面层,所述镀层表面层包含所述Mg 2Si相和所述AlMgSiFe相。
- 根据权利要求2所述的镀铝钢板,其特征在于,所述镀层还包括镀层阻挡层,所述镀层阻挡层包括Fe-Al和Fe-Al-Si合金,所述镀层阻挡层的厚度≤5μm。
- 根据权利要求1所述的镀铝钢板,其特征在于,所述镀层的厚度为5~50μm。
- 根据权利要求1所述的镀铝钢板,其特征在于,按质量百分比计,所述镀铝钢板的基板元素组成包括:C:0.05~0.5%、Si:0.01~2.0%、Mn:0.3~3.0%、Al:0.005~0.3%、0.01%≤Ti<0.1%、0.0005%≤B<0.1%、0.05%≤Cr<0.5%、0.0005%≤Nb<0.1%、Fe。
- 根据权利要求5所述的镀铝钢板,其特征在于,按质量百分比计,所述镀铝钢板的基板元素组成包括:C:0.05~0.5%、Si:0.01~2.0%、Mn:0.3~3.0%、Al:0.005~0.3%、0.01%≤Ti<0.1%、0.0005%≤B<0.1%、0.05%≤Cr<0.5%、0.0005%≤Nb<0.1%,余量为Fe及不可避免的杂质。
- 根据权利要求6所述的镀铝钢板,其特征在于,在所述不可避免的杂质中,按质量百分比计,控制P<0.3%,S<0.1%,V<0.1%。
- 一种权利要求1~7中任一项所述的镀铝钢板的制造方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:冶炼;轧制;连退热镀,退火温度为710~780℃,镀液温度为600~660℃,镀液温度-钢板入锅温度≤5℃,钢板出锅后冷却,从钢板出锅温度至镀层凝固温度的平均冷却速度>15℃/s,从钢板出锅温度至200℃的平均冷却速度为10~30℃/s。
- 根据权利要求8所述的镀铝钢板的制造方法,其特征在于,所述镀液的化学元素组成按质量百分比计包括:Si:5~11%、Mg:0.5~20%。
- 根据权利要求9所述的镀铝钢板的制造方法,其特征在于,所述镀液还包括Zn,按质量百分比计,Zn:1~10%。
- 根据权利要求9或10所述的镀铝钢板的制造方法,其特征在于,所述镀液的余量为Al及不可避免的杂质。
- 根据权利要求8所述的镀铝钢板的制造方法,其特征在于,所述轧制步骤包括热轧,所述热轧的卷取温度≤630℃。
- 根据权利要求12所述的镀铝钢板的制造方法,其特征在于,所述轧制步骤包括冷轧,所述冷轧的变形量为10~70%。
- 一种热成形部件,其特征在于,由权利要求1~7中任一项所述的镀铝钢板制造。
- 根据权利要求14所述的热成形部件,其特征在于,所述热成形部件包括部件表面层和部件内部层,所述部件表面层的Mg的质量百分比/所述部件内部层的Mg的质量百分比≥5,所述热成形部件的心部硬度HV1≥300。
- 一种权利要求14~15中任一项所述的热成形部件的制造方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:将所述镀铝钢板加工成坯料;对坯料进行热处理,所述热处理的加热方式为一段式加热或阶梯式加热,当所述热处理的加热方式为一段式加热时,加热终止温度为900~1000℃中的某一个温度,总加热时间为10~600s;当所述热处理的加热方式为阶梯式加热时,加热终止温度包括700~1000℃中的多个温度,总加热时间为1~15min,其中,所述多个温度中的最高温度为900~1000℃中的某一个温度,坯料在900~1000℃之间的时间为10~600s;将坯料转移至模具进行热成形,坯料转移至模具时的温度≥650℃,模具冷却速度≥30℃/s。
- 根据权利要求16所述的热成形部件的制造方法,其特征在于,所述热成形的工艺为热冲压或热辊压。
- 根据权利要求16或17所述的热成形部件的制造方法,其特征在于,将所述镀铝钢板加工成坯料前,还要进行变厚轧制步骤。
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