WO2022151619A1 - 双向透气阀、电池以及用电装置 - Google Patents

双向透气阀、电池以及用电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022151619A1
WO2022151619A1 PCT/CN2021/092892 CN2021092892W WO2022151619A1 WO 2022151619 A1 WO2022151619 A1 WO 2022151619A1 CN 2021092892 W CN2021092892 W CN 2021092892W WO 2022151619 A1 WO2022151619 A1 WO 2022151619A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
valve
valve plate
way
gas channel
battery
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/092892
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李贺远
张凡
陈雷
Original Assignee
江苏时代新能源科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 江苏时代新能源科技有限公司 filed Critical 江苏时代新能源科技有限公司
Priority to AU2021419120A priority Critical patent/AU2021419120B2/en
Priority to KR1020227040208A priority patent/KR102536081B1/ko
Priority to EP21916638.6A priority patent/EP4075033A4/en
Priority to JP2023501523A priority patent/JP2023530776A/ja
Priority to US17/861,103 priority patent/US11949122B2/en
Publication of WO2022151619A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022151619A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
    • F16K17/02—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side
    • F16K17/04—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side spring-loaded
    • F16K17/0446—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side spring-loaded with an obturating member having at least a component of their opening and closing motion not perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
    • F16K17/18—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on either side
    • F16K17/19—Equalising valves predominantly for tanks
    • F16K17/196—Equalising valves predominantly for tanks spring-loaded
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
    • F16K17/18—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on either side
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/317—Re-sealable arrangements
    • H01M50/325—Re-sealable arrangements comprising deformable valve members, e.g. elastic or flexible valve members
    • H01M50/333—Spring-loaded vent valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K27/00—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor
    • F16K27/02—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of lift valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K27/00—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor
    • F16K27/02—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of lift valves
    • F16K27/0209—Check valves or pivoted valves
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of power batteries, and in particular, to a two-way ventilation valve, a battery, and an electrical device.
  • the power battery pack usually adopts a sealed design. In addition to meeting the basic waterproof and dustproof requirements, it also needs to have a ventilation function. During the operation of vehicles and other equipment, the pressure inside and outside the battery pack is different due to the heat of the battery pack or the change of altitude. It is necessary to replenish/exhaust gas in time to maintain pressure balance and prevent the battery pack shell and sealing interface from being deformed and failing due to pressure.
  • a valve body with a waterproof and breathable membrane is usually used as the battery pack ventilation device, which can meet the basic waterproof and dustproof requirements, and use the waterproof and breathable membrane to balance the air pressure inside and outside the battery pack.
  • the existing waterproof and breathable membrane valve body is of a normally open design, which is easily affected by external water vapor and has a risk of condensation. Condensation will lead to component failure, and even lead to insulation failure or short-circuit failure, posing a great threat to the safety of users and property.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a two-way ventilation valve, a battery, and an electrical device, so as to realize the two-way controllable exchange of gas at both ends of the valve. Water vapor effect, avoid the risk of battery condensation.
  • a two-way vent valve the two-way vent valve includes: a valve seat, the valve seat is used to form a gas channel, the gas channel has a first end and a second end;
  • a two-way valve assembly the two-way valve assembly is movably arranged in the gas channel, the two-way valve assembly includes a first valve plate and a second valve plate, the first valve plate is provided with a first through hole, so The second valve plate is provided with a second through hole, and the projections of the first through hole and the second through hole on the axial direction of the gas channel are separated from each other;
  • a first elastic member one force-applying end of the first elastic member abuts against the first valve plate or the second valve plate, so that the first elastic member
  • the second valve plate exerts a force to make the first valve plate and the second valve plate approach each other, so as to close the gas passage, and when the air pressure of the first end and the second end of the gas passage is When the difference reaches a first threshold, the first valve plate is configured to move toward the first end to open the gas passage, or the second valve plate is configured to move toward the second end to open the gas channel.
  • first valve plate and the second valve plate are disposed coaxially with the gas channel; and, one of the first through hole and the second through hole is It is arranged coaxially with the gas channel, and the other is arranged along the circumference of the gas channel.
  • the two-way valve assembly further includes a first sealing member, and the first sealing member is disposed on the first valve plate and/or the second valve plate, when the two-way valve When the assembly closes the gas channel, the first sealing member is located between the first valve plate and the second valve plate and separates the first through hole and the second through hole.
  • a groove is provided on the first valve plate and/or the second valve plate, and the first sealing member is fixed in the groove and protrudes from the groove .
  • a blocking portion is provided on the inner wall of the gas channel, and in the axial direction of the gas channel, the first valve plate and the second valve plate are respectively disposed on the blocking portion
  • the first valve plate is located on the side of the blocking portion close to the first end
  • the second valve plate is located on the side of the blocking portion close to the second end.
  • an edge of the blocking portion facing the first sealing member is provided with a first inclined surface
  • an edge of the first sealing member is provided with a second inclined surface
  • the first inclined surface is the same as the first inclined surface.
  • the second inclined surface is connected in a sealed manner.
  • the two-way valve assembly further includes an end cap, the end cap is movably disposed on the first end of the gas channel, and the end cap is used to communicate with the second end cap.
  • the valve plate is connected, and the first elastic member is located between the end cover and the first valve plate.
  • the two-way valve assembly further includes a connecting column for connecting the end cap and the second valve plate.
  • the first elastic member is a first spring sleeved on the connecting column.
  • the two-way ventilation valve further includes: a mounting seat, the mounting seat is movably disposed on the valve seat, and a pressure relief channel is provided on the mounting seat; a third valve plate , the third valve plate is fixed on the valve seat and is located at the second end of the gas channel, the third valve plate is used to open the valve seat through the movement of the valve seat relative to the mounting seat or closing the pressure relief passage; the second elastic member is used to exert a force to close the pressure relief passage to the third valve plate, when the air pressure at the first end of the gas passage is greater than the air pressure at the second end When the air pressure difference reaches a second threshold, the third valve plate is configured to overcome the force of the second elastic member to open the pressure relief channel; wherein the second threshold is greater than the first threshold.
  • a mounting hole is provided in the middle of the mounting seat, and the valve seat is sleeved in the mounting hole.
  • the pressure relief channel is arranged along the circumference of the gas channel.
  • the mounting seat is provided with a mounting groove surrounding the mounting hole on the side facing the first end, and the valve seat is provided with a limiting portion on the outer periphery near the first end , the second elastic member is a second spring arranged between the installation groove and the limiting portion.
  • a battery including: a battery cell; a case for accommodating the battery cell; On the case body, the first end of the gas channel is disposed toward the inside of the case body, and the second end of the gas channel is disposed toward the outside of the case body.
  • an electrical device is provided, where the electrical device includes the above-mentioned battery, and the battery is used to provide electrical energy.
  • the two-way breathable valve uses the first elastic member to exert a force on the two-way valve assembly to close the gas passage in the valve seat, so that when the air pressure difference between the two ends of the gas passage is greater than the first threshold, the two-way valve assembly can overcome the first
  • the gas channel is opened by the force of the elastic member, thus realizing the bidirectional controllable balance adjustment of the gas pressure at both ends of the gas channel by driving by air pressure; when the air pressure at both ends of the gas channel is balanced, the gas channel will be in a closed state.
  • the bidirectional vent valve of the embodiment of the present application can reduce the influence of water vapor outside the battery and reduce the risk of condensation when applied to a battery and a device using the battery.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a two-way ventilation valve according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a two-way ventilation valve according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a valve seat along the plane of the gas passage axis in the two-way breathable valve according to an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of a first valve sheet in a two-way ventilation valve according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of a second valve sheet in a two-way ventilation valve according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the front structure of a two-way ventilation valve according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the two-way ventilation valve according to an embodiment of the present application along the A-A plane in FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a two-way ventilation valve according to another embodiment of the present application along the A-A plane in FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a two-way breathable valve provided according to an embodiment of the present application along the A-A plane in FIG. 6 , wherein the two-way valve assembly and the first elastic member are removed to show the gas passage;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a two-way ventilation valve during exhausting according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a two-way ventilation valve during intake according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a two-way vent valve provided according to an embodiment of the present application during explosion-proof pressure relief;
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a battery according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrical device according to still another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 schematically illustrate a three-dimensional structure and an explosion structure of a two-way ventilation valve according to an embodiment of the present application, respectively.
  • the two-way breathable valve 100 includes a valve seat 110 , a two-way valve assembly 120 and a first elastic member 130 .
  • the valve seat 110 is used to form the gas passage 111 .
  • the two ends of the gas channel 111 are the first end and the second end respectively.
  • the left end of the gas channel 111 in FIG. 2 is the first end
  • the right end is the second end.
  • the two-way valve assembly 120 is disposed within the gas passage 111 and can move within the gas passage 111 .
  • the opening and closing of the gas channel 111 is realized by the movement of the two-way valve assembly 120 relative to the gas channel 111 .
  • the first elastic member 130 is used to force the two-way valve assembly 120 to close the gas passage 111 .
  • the two-way valve assembly 120 When the air pressure difference between the two ends of the gas passage 111 exceeds a preset threshold (first threshold), the two-way valve assembly 120 will move in the air passage 111 against the force of the first elastic member 130 under the action of the air pressure difference, and open The gas channel 111 allows the gas at both ends of the two-way ventilation valve 100 to circulate for exhaust or air intake, so as to achieve air pressure balance at both ends of the gas channel 111 .
  • the air pressure reaches equilibrium, that is, the air pressure difference between the two ends of the gas channel 111 falls below the first threshold, the two-way valve assembly 120 will reset under the force of the first elastic member 130 and close the gas channel 111 again.
  • the two-way breathable valve 100 provided by the embodiment of the present application utilizes the first elastic member 130 to exert force on the two-way valve assembly 120, so that when the air pressure difference between the two ends of the gas channel 111 does not reach the first threshold, that is, when the air pressures at both ends are balanced, the gas is closed. Channel 111; the gas channel 111 will be opened only when the air pressure difference between the two ends of the gas channel 111 exceeds the first threshold. In this way, the bidirectional controllable balance adjustment of the air pressure at both ends of the gas passage 111 of the bidirectional ventilation valve 100 is realized by driving by air pressure.
  • the gas at both ends of the valve is exchanged on demand.
  • on-demand exchange can significantly reduce the frequency and amount of exchange between batteries and external gases, reduce the impact of external water vapor on the interior of the battery, reduce the risk of condensation, and improve the reliability and safety of batteries and electrical devices. sex.
  • valve seat 110 is cylindrical as a whole, and accordingly, the gas passage 111 is cylindrical, with a length passing through the midpoint of its cross-section and along the length direction from the first end to the second end An axis of extension, such as the axis shown in Figure 3.
  • a structure is relatively simple and easy to assemble.
  • valve seat 110 and the gas passage 111 may also have other shapes and structures.
  • the cross section of the gas channel 111 may be in other shapes; or, the gas channel 111 may also have multiple sections communicating with each other, and the sections may be parallel or perpendicular to each other or at other angles.
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows the cross-sectional structure of the valve seat 110 along the plane of the axis of the two-way ventilation valve 100 according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 schematically shows the three-dimensional structures of the first valve plate 121 and the second valve plate 123 in the two-way ventilation valve 100 according to an embodiment of the present application, respectively.
  • the two-way valve assembly 120 in the two-way ventilation valve 100 includes a first valve plate 121 and a second valve plate 123.
  • the first valve plate 121 is provided with a first through hole 122
  • the second valve plate 121 The valve plate 123 is provided with a second through hole 124 .
  • the projections of the first through hole 122 and the second through hole 124 on the axial direction of the gas channel 111 are separated from each other.
  • the first elastic member 130 exerts force on the first valve plate 121 or the second valve plate 123, or exerts force on both the first valve plate 121 and the second valve plate 123, so as to make them approach each other and close the gas passage 111.
  • the first valve plate 121 and the second valve plate 123 are arranged in the gas channel 111 along the axial direction of the gas channel 111 . Due to the staggered arrangement of the first through hole 122 and the second through hole 124 , when the first valve plate 121 and the second valve plate 123 move along the axial direction of the gas passage 111 under the force of the first elastic member 130 , they are separated from each other. When approaching or touching each other, the first through hole 122 and the second through hole 124 will not communicate due to overlapping or overlapping, which facilitates the effective closure of the gas channel 111 by the two-way valve assembly 120 .
  • the gas from the first end of the gas channel 111 will pass through the first through hole 122 and act on the second valve plate 123, and the gas from the second end of the gas channel 111 will pass through the second through hole 124 and act on the first valve plate. 121 on.
  • the two-way valve assembly 120 overcomes the force of the first elastic member 130, and is driven by the air pressure difference to move the first valve plate 121 toward the first end of the air channel 111 , or the second valve plate 123 is moved toward the second end of the gas channel 111 , or the first valve plate 121 and the second valve plate 123 are moved toward the first end and the second end of the gas channel 111 respectively , so that the two valve plates are separated or away from each other.
  • the gas at both ends of the gas channel 111 is communicated through "the first through hole 122 - the gap between the first valve plate 121 and the second valve plate 123 - the second through hole 124" to realize gas exchange.
  • the two ends of the gas passage 111 restore the gas pressure balance again, that is, the gas pressure difference between the two ends drops below the first threshold value.
  • the force of the air pressure difference on the two-way valve assembly 120 will not be enough to resist the force of the first elastic member 130 , and the first valve plate 121 and the second valve plate 123 are again close to each other under the force of the first elastic member 130 .
  • the gas channel 111 is closed.
  • the gas at both ends of the gas channel 111 can pass through the first through hole 122 and the second through hole 124.
  • the two through holes 124 act on the second valve plate 123 and the first valve plate 121 respectively. This is beneficial to adjust the pressure area of the valve plate by adjusting the size of the through hole according to the needs of the opening pressure of the intake and exhaust.
  • the structure is flexible and can be adapted to various needs.
  • the moving manner of the first valve plate 121 and the second valve plate 123 in the two-way valve assembly 120 is to move along the axial direction of the gas passage 111 .
  • the two-way valve assembly 120 may also have other modes of movement.
  • the first valve plate 121 and/or the second valve plate 123 will overcome the force of the first elastic member 130 and turn over or rotate relative to each other in the gas channel 111 , or move in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the gas channel 111 , so that the first through hole 122 communicates with the second through hole 124 , thereby opening the gas channel 111 .
  • the first valve plate 121 and the second valve plate 123 are arranged coaxially with the gas channel 111 , and one of the first through holes 122 and the second through holes 124 is arranged coaxially with the gas channel 111 , and the other is arranged coaxially with the gas channel 111 .
  • One is arranged along the circumferential direction of the gas channel 111 .
  • the first through hole 122 on the first valve plate 121 is coaxial with the gas channel 111 , and the second valve plate 123
  • the through holes 124 are provided along the circumferential direction of the gas passage 111 .
  • the first through holes 122 on the first valve plate 121 may also be arranged along the circumferential direction of the gas channel 111
  • the second through holes 124 on the second valve plate 123 Coaxially disposed with the gas channel 111 ; and there may be one or more first through holes 122 or second through holes 124 disposed along the circumferential direction of the gas channel 111 .
  • FIG. 6 schematically shows the front structure of the two-way ventilation valve 100 according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 respectively schematically show The cross-sectional structure of the two-way ventilation valve 100 according to two different embodiments of the present application along the A-A plane in FIG. 6 .
  • the two-way valve assembly 120 may further include a first sealing member 125, and the first sealing member 125 may be disposed on the first valve plate 121 or on the second valve plate 123, Or provided on both the first valve plate 121 and the second valve plate 123 .
  • the first sealing member 125 is located between the first valve plate 121 and the second valve plate 123 and separates the first through hole 122 from the second through hole 124 .
  • first sealing member 125 By arranging the first sealing member 125 and arranging the first sealing member 125 on the first valve plate 121 and/or the second valve plate 123, it is beneficial to improve the sealing effect of the two-way valve assembly 120 on the gas passage 111, and avoid the The gap between the first valve plate 121 and the second valve plate 123 causes the sealing failure, and can provide elastic buffering for the contact between the first valve plate 121 and the second valve plate 123 .
  • the first sealing member 125 can be, for example, a gasket as shown in FIG. 7 , or a sealing ring as shown in FIG. 8 .
  • first sealing members 125 there may also be one or more first sealing members 125, as long as they can function between the first valve plate 121 and the second valve plate 123 When they are close to each other and close the gas channel 111 , the first through hole 122 and the second through hole 124 can be separated from each other.
  • a groove 126 may be provided on the valve plate for fixing the first sealing member 125 , and the first sealing member 125 is fixed in the groove 126 and partially protrudes out of the groove 126 .
  • Groove 126 a groove 126 may be provided on the first valve plate 121 and is provided along the outer circumference of the first through hole 122 .
  • the grooves 126 may also be provided on the second valve plate 123 , or the grooves 126 may be respectively provided on the first valve plate 121 and the second valve plate 123 .
  • the arrangement of the grooves 126 can also be adapted to the structure and number of the first sealing members 125. For example, multiple grooves 126 can be provided to facilitate fixing more A first seal 125.
  • the valve seat 110 and the first seal can be eliminated or avoided
  • the friction between the parts 125 improves the reliability of the seal.
  • the depth of the groove 126 can be designed according to the compression amount of the first sealing member 125 .
  • first valve plate 121 and the second valve plate 123 are close to each other under the action of the first elastic member 130 to close the gas passage 111 , the part of the first sealing member 125 protruding from the groove 126 will interact with the other valve plate or The first sealing member 125 on the other valve plate is in elastic contact, which further improves the effective isolation of the first through hole 122 and the second through hole 124 and the sealing effect of the gas channel 111 .
  • FIG. 9 schematically shows a cross-sectional view of the two-way ventilation valve 100 according to an embodiment of the present application along the A-A plane in FIG. 6 , wherein the two-way valve assembly 120 and the first The elastic member 130 is shown to show the gas channel 111 .
  • a blocking portion 112 may be provided on the inner wall of the gas channel 111 .
  • the first valve plate 121 and the second valve plate 123 are respectively disposed on both sides of the blocking portion 112 , wherein the first valve plate 121 is located at one end of the blocking portion 112 close to the first end of the gas channel 111 .
  • the second valve plate 123 is located on the side of the blocking portion 112 close to the second end of the gas channel 111 .
  • the blocking portion 112 may be a convex rib continuously disposed on the inner wall of the gas channel 111 along the circumferential direction of the gas channel 111 .
  • the blocking portion 112 may also be one or more raised portions, and when there are multiple raised portions, these raised portions may be arranged uniformly or non-uniformly along the circumferential direction of the gas channel.
  • the two-way valve assembly 120 can be blocked by the blocking portion 112 when the gas channel is closed, and can be kept at a specific position in the gas channel 111, so as to improve the stability of the overall structure of the two-way vent valve 100 sturdiness and reliability.
  • the structure of the two-way breathable valve 100 is simplified as a whole, and the assembly and working methods of each component are also simplified.
  • a blocking structure or component may be provided at the first end or the second end of the gas channel 111 , or another fixing structure or elastic member may be provided to ensure that the two-way valve assembly 120 is located in the gas channel 111 and closed at the two-way valve assembly 120 When the gas channel is used, the first valve plate 121 and the second valve plate 123 of the two-way valve assembly 120 are located in specific positions in the gas channel 111 .
  • the edge of the blocking portion 112 on the side facing the first sealing member 125 is provided with a first inclined surface 113 .
  • the first inclined surface 113 is sealedly connected with the second inclined surface.
  • the inclined surface sealing between the blocking portion 112 and the first sealing member 125 can increase the sealing area between the blocking portion 112 and the first sealing member 125 , improve the sealing effect, and facilitate the sealing between the first sealing member 125 and the blocking portion 112 . Size fit. This is particularly advantageous in embodiments where the first seal 125 is a gasket (such as the specific embodiment shown in Figure 7).
  • the two-way valve assembly 120 may further include an end cover 127 for connecting with the second valve plate 123 .
  • the end cap 127 is movably disposed at the first end of the gas channel 111 , and the first elastic member 130 is located between the end cap 127 and the first valve plate 121 .
  • first valve plate 121 and the second valve plate 123 are arranged in the gas channel 111 along the axial direction of the gas channel 111 , the first valve plate 121 is relatively close to the first end of the gas channel 111 , and the second valve plate 123 is relatively close to the gas channel 111 the second end.
  • the end cap 127 is connected to the second valve plate 123 and the first elastic member 130 is located between the end cap 127 and the first valve plate 121 .
  • the second valve plate 123 indirectly exerts a force toward the first end of the gas channel 111, and the first elastic member 130 also exerts a force toward the second end of the gas channel 111 on the first valve plate 121, so ingeniously Therefore, the first valve plate 121 and the second valve plate 123 of the two-way valve assembly 120 are brought close to each other under the action of the first elastic member 130 and the effect of closing the gas passage 111 is realized.
  • the first elastic member 130 can also be used to make the first valve plate 121 and the second valve plate 123 approach and close each other in other ways.
  • the force of the gas channel 111 may be provided at the second end of the gas channel 111 , the other end cap is connected to the first valve plate 121 , and the first elastic member 130 may be located between the other end cap and the second valve plate 123 between.
  • blocking structures are respectively provided at both ends of the gas channel 111
  • the first elastic member 130 may also include two elastic members, one located between the blocking structure at the first end of the gas channel 111 and the first valve plate 121, so as to prevent the One end exerts a force toward the second end of the first valve plate 121; the other is located between the blocking structure at the second end of the gas channel 111 and the second valve plate 123, so as to exert a force toward the second valve plate 123 from the second end
  • the force of the first end causes the first valve plate 121 and the second valve plate 123 to approach each other and close the gas passage 111 .
  • other manners other than the above may also be adopted.
  • the end cap 127 is a pie-shaped structure whose cross section matches that of the gas channel 111 .
  • the middle part of the end cover 127 is connected to the second valve plate 123 , and a plurality of third through holes 128 distributed in the circumferential direction are also provided on the end cover 127 for making the first end of the gas channel 111 communicate with the gas inside the gas channel 111 .
  • the end cap 127 may also have other structures, and may also have one or more structures, as long as the first elastic member 130 can be limited to the The space between the end cover 127 and the first valve plate 121 is sufficient.
  • the end cap 127 can be a round cake, a strip or other shapes with a cross-sectional area smaller than that of the gas channel 111 , so that the gas communication can be achieved by using the gap between the end cap 127 and the gas channel 111 .
  • the two-way valve assembly 120 may further include a connecting post 129 for connecting the end cap 127 and the second valve plate 123 .
  • One end of the connecting column 129 can be connected to the second valve plate 123 , or can be integrated with the second valve plate 123 ; the other end of the connecting column 129 is connected to the end cap 127 .
  • the second valve plate 123 and the end cover 127 are connected by the connecting column 129 , so that the force exerted by the first elastic member 130 on the second valve plate 123 through the end cover 127 can be transmitted along the axial direction of the gas channel 111 .
  • the direction of the force of the air pressure acting on the first valve plate 121 and the second valve plate 123 is on the same straight line, thereby ensuring the axial force of the first valve plate 121 and the second valve plate 123, which can prevent jamming, Ensure the reliability and stability of the two-way vent valve 100.
  • the connecting post 129 and the second valve plate 123 are integrally formed, which further simplifies the structure and facilitates assembly.
  • the connecting column 129 is located in the middle of the second valve plate 123 , and correspondingly, the end cover 127 is also provided with a connecting hole in the middle for connecting with the connecting column 129 .
  • This is similar to the specific structure that the first through hole 122 is located in the middle of the first valve plate 121 and is coaxial with the gas channel 111 in this specific embodiment; the second through hole 124 is disposed on the second valve plate 123 along the circumferential direction of the gas channel 111 . fit.
  • Those skilled in the art should understand that what is shown in the figures is only an example. In other embodiments, according to the specific structure and arrangement of the first valve plate 121 and the second valve plate 123, there may also be one or more connecting columns 129. , and can be located in the middle or outer periphery of the valve plate.
  • connection post 129 and the end cap 127 can be connected by screw threads.
  • threaded holes may be provided at corresponding positions on the end cap 127
  • external threads may be provided at the end of the connecting post 129 for connecting the end cap 127 .
  • the threaded connection between the end cover 127 and the connecting post 129 is also beneficial to design the elastic compression amount of the first elastic member 130 according to actual needs, so as to improve the Exhaust and intake control accuracy.
  • the connection post 129 and the first valve plate 121 may also be connected by a screw thread.
  • the first elastic member 130 may be a first spring sleeved on the connecting post 129 .
  • the first valve plate 121 and the second valve plate 123 are simultaneously compressed by the first spring, and the reset driving force and the preload force are provided for the first valve plate 121 and the second valve plate 123, and the two-way valve assembly 120 is strengthened to the gas passage. 111's closing effect to prevent accidental opening.
  • one end of the connecting column 129 is connected to the middle of the second valve plate 123, passing through the first through hole 122 in the middle of the first valve plate 121, and the other end is connected to the end cover 127.
  • the first elastic member 130 is a first spring sleeved on the connecting post 129 .
  • the structure is simple, the assembly is convenient, and the force of the first spring is uniform and collinear with the axis of the gas passage 111, which can avoid failure or failure of the two-way breathable valve 100 due to the stuck valve plate during operation.
  • the first elastic member 130 may also have other structures, be disposed at other positions, or have one or more first elastic members 130 .
  • the first elastic member 130 may also be a corrugated tube, a rubber elastic body, a metal dome, and the like. According to the specific structures of the first elastic member 130 and the two-way valve assembly 120 , the position and number of the first elastic member 130 may also have other designs.
  • the two-way vent valve 100 of the present application may also function as an explosion-proof valve.
  • the two-way ventilation valve 100 may further include a mounting seat 140 , a third valve plate 150 and a second elastic member 160 .
  • the mounting seat 140 is disposed on the valve seat 110 and can move relative to the valve seat 110 , and a pressure relief channel 141 is provided on the mounting seat 140 .
  • the third valve plate 150 is fixed on the valve seat 110 and is located at the second end of the gas passage 111 , and is used to open or close the pressure relief passage 141 through the movement of the valve seat 110 relative to the mounting seat 140 .
  • the second elastic member 160 is used to apply a force to the third valve plate 150 to close the pressure relief passage 141, so that when the air pressure at the first end of the gas passage 111 is greater than the air pressure at the second end, and the air pressure difference reaches the second threshold, the first The three valve plates 150 can overcome the force of the second elastic member 160 to open the pressure relief passage 141 .
  • the second threshold is greater than the first threshold.
  • a mounting seat 140 that can move relative to the valve seat 110 is provided, a pressure relief channel 141 is arranged on the mounting seat 140, and the second elastic member 160 is used to compress the gas fixed on the valve seat 110.
  • the third valve plate 150 at the second end of the channel 111 exerts force to close the pressure relief channel 141, thereby realizing the combined function of an explosion-proof valve and a two-way ventilation valve.
  • the third valve plate 150 in this embodiment is a one-way explosion-proof valve plate.
  • the gas at the first end of the gas channel 111 acts on the third valve plate 150 through the pressure relief channel 141, exerting a force towards the second end of the third valve plate 150; the gas at the second end of the gas channel 111 directly acts on the third valve plate 150 , a force toward the first end is applied to the third valve plate 150 .
  • the second threshold is the explosion-proof air pressure threshold, which is greater than the first threshold that defines the equilibrium ventilation threshold.
  • the valve seat 110 is installed in the middle of the mounting seat 140 .
  • a mounting hole 142 is provided in the middle of the mounting seat 140 , and the valve seat 110 is sleeved in the mounting hole 142 and can move relative to the mounting seat 140 along the axial direction of the gas passage 111 .
  • the valve seat 110 and the mounting seat 140 are coaxially arranged, so that the two-way valve assembly 120 and the third valve plate 150 are not separated during the intake/exhaust balance process and the explosion-proof pressure relief process.
  • the moving direction is also consistent with the axial direction of the gas passage 111, and the pressure relief process can utilize the gas passage 111 and the pressure relief passage 141 at the same time, which greatly improves the pressure relief efficiency.
  • the pressure relief channel 141 may be disposed along the circumferential direction of the gas channel 111 .
  • the third valve plate 150 may be an annular valve plate corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the mounting seat 140 .
  • the annular valve plate is fixed on the second end of the gas channel 111 of the valve seat 110 , and closes the pressure relief channel 141 provided on the mounting seat 140 along the circumferential direction of the gas channel 111 ; at the same time, the opening in the middle of the annular valve plate corresponds to the gas channel 111 The position does not block the intake/exhaust balance of the gas passage 111 .
  • the third valve plate 150 may further include a semi-permeable membrane 151 disposed in the middle of the annular valve plate.
  • the semi-permeable membrane 151 has the functions of waterproof, dust-proof and breathable.
  • the semi-permeable membrane 151 is fixed on the second end of the gas channel 111 of the valve seat 110, so that when the two-way breathable valve 100 of the embodiment of the present application is applied to a battery, Additional waterproof and dustproof functions can be provided for the battery to prevent water and dust from entering the interior of the battery through the gas channel 111 and damage or affect the function of the battery.
  • a second Seal 171 in order to improve the sealing effect of the third valve plate 150 on the pressure relief channel 141 , a second Seal 171 .
  • the second sealing member 171 may also be a gasket or a sealing ring, and a groove may also be provided at the corresponding position of the mounting seat 140 to fix the second sealing member 171 on the inside, and make part of the second sealing member 171 protrude out of the groove and make elastic contact with the third valve plate 150 .
  • the second elastic member 160 is a second spring disposed between the valve seat 110 and the mounting seat 140 .
  • a force for pressing the third valve plate 150 from the second end of the gas passage 111 to the mounting seat 140 is applied to the two, so as to close the pressure relief passage 141 .
  • a limiting portion 114 may be provided on the outer periphery of the valve seat 110 close to the first end of the gas channel 111 , and correspondingly, a mounting groove may also be provided on the side of the mounting seat 140 facing the first end of the gas channel 111 .
  • the installation groove 144 is arranged around the installation hole 142 . In this way, the second spring is sleeved on the outer side wall of the valve seat 110 .
  • the second elastic member 160 is set as a second spring sleeved on the outer periphery of the valve seat 110, and the elastic restoring force provided by the second spring is also coaxial with the gas channel 111, which further makes the two-way breathable valve 100 of the embodiment of the present application in the anti-bleeding state.
  • the force is uniform during the pressing process.
  • the two-way breathable valve 100 may further include a third sealing member 172 .
  • the third sealing member 172 may be disposed on the side of the mounting seat 140 close to the first end of the gas channel 111 , because the two-way When the vent valve 100 is applied to a battery, the first end is the end inside the battery case, and the second end is the end outside the battery case.
  • the third sealing member 172 can also be a sealing gasket or a sealing ring, and a groove can also be provided at the corresponding position of the mounting seat 140 to seal the third sealing member 172.
  • the sealing member 172 is fixed in it, and part of the third sealing member 172 protrudes out of the groove to elastically contact with the battery case.
  • the third sealing member 172 may also be of other structures, or disposed at other positions, such as disposed on the valve seat 110, which is a bidirectional This is particularly advantageous where the breather valve 100 does not have an explosion-proof pressure relief function, and therefore does not have a mounting seat 140 .
  • the two-way breathable valve 100 in order to facilitate the application of the two-way breathable valve 100 in the embodiment of the present application to a battery, the two-way breathable valve 100 is fixed to the casing of the battery, and a fixing structure may also be provided on the two-way breathable valve 100 to fix
  • the structure can be, for example, a screw hole 143 provided on the mounting seat 140, so that the two-way ventilation valve 100 can be fixed on the battery box by screws.
  • the fixing structure can also be arranged in other positions, for example, the fixing structure can also be arranged on or connected to the valve seat 110, which is in the case that the two-way vent valve 100 does not have the explosion-proof pressure relief function, and therefore does not have the mounting seat 140. particularly advantageous.
  • a protective cover 180 may also be provided on the two-way venting valve 100 .
  • the protective cover 180 may be disposed on one side of the two-way vent valve 100 near the second end of the gas channel 111 . Therefore, when the two-way breathable valve 100 is applied to the battery, the protective cover 180 is located on the outer side of the battery, which can provide protection for other structures such as the valve seat 110 , the two-way valve assembly 120 , the third valve plate 150 and the like. There should be a gap between the protective cover 180 and the valve seat 110 or the mounting seat 140 to avoid blocking the gas passage 111 and the pressure relief passage 141 and to avoid affecting the bidirectional ventilation function and explosion-proof pressure relief function of the bidirectional ventilation valve 100 .
  • the protective cover 180 may be disposed on the outermost side of the mounting seat 140 in the two-way breathable valve 100 near the second end of the gas channel 111 to protect other internal structures.
  • FIGS. 10 to 12 schematically illustrate the cross-sectional structures of the two-way ventilation valve 100 during exhaust, intake, and explosion-proof pressure relief according to a specific embodiment of the present application, respectively. The following will be described with reference to the application of the two-way vent valve 100 in a battery.
  • the two-way vent valve 100 will Start the exhaust process.
  • the gas in the battery passes through the first through hole 122 on the first valve plate 121 along the gas channel 111, and exerts force on the second valve plate 123, so that the second valve plate 123 faces the outside of the battery push in the direction.
  • the second valve plate 123 will move to the second end along the axis of the gas passage 111 against the force of the first spring, separate from the blocking portion 112 on the inner wall of the valve seat 110 and the first sealing member 125, and open Gas channel 111 .
  • the first spring is in a compressed state.
  • the gas inside the battery will be discharged along the gas channel 111, as indicated by the direction of the hollow arrow in FIG. 10 .
  • the second valve plate 123 moves toward the first end along the axis of the gas channel 111 under the restoring force of the first spring, and is pressed against the valve seat again.
  • the blocking portion 112 on the inner wall of the 110 is in elastic contact with the first sealing member 125 to close the gas channel 111 again.
  • the two-way vent valve 100 will start the air intake process.
  • the gas outside the battery passes along the gas channel 111 and passes through the second through hole 124 on the second valve plate 123, and exerts force on the first valve plate 121, so that the first valve plate 121 faces the inside of the battery push in the direction.
  • the first valve plate 121 will move to the first end along the axis of the gas channel 111 against the force of the first spring, separate from the blocking portion 112 on the inner wall of the valve seat 110 , and open the gas channel 111 .
  • the first spring is in a compressed state.
  • the gas outside the battery will enter the battery along the gas channel 111, as indicated by the direction of the hollow arrow in FIG. 11 .
  • the first valve plate 121 moves toward the second end along the axis of the gas passage 111 under the restoring force of the first spring, and is pressed against the valve seat again.
  • the blocking portion 112 on the inner wall of the 110 , and the first sealing member 125 is in elastic contact with the second valve plate 123 again to close the gas passage 111 .
  • the two-way vent valve 100 will activate the explosion-proof pressure relief process.
  • the gas in the battery will directly act on the third valve plate 150 through the pressure relief channel 141, and push the third valve plate 150 toward the outside of the battery.
  • the third valve plate 150 will overcome the force of the second elastic member 160 (here, the second spring) and move to the second end along the axis of the gas passage 111 , and will be connected with the mounting seat 140 and the second sealing member 171 .
  • the second spring is in a compressed state. The gas inside the battery will be quickly discharged along the pressure relief channel 141, as indicated by the solid arrow direction in FIG. 12 .
  • the gas in the battery also passes through the first through hole 122 on the first valve plate 121 along the gas channel 111 and exerts force on the second valve plate 123 to push the second valve plate 123 toward the outside of the battery.
  • the second valve plate 123 will simultaneously overcome the force of the first spring and move to the second end along the axis of the gas passage 111, and separate from the blocking portion 112 on the inner wall of the valve seat 110 and the first sealing member 125 , open the gas channel 111 .
  • the first spring is also in a compressed state.
  • the gas inside the battery is also discharged along the gas channel 111 at the same time, as shown by the direction of the hollow arrow in FIG. 12 .
  • the gas in the battery will be discharged along both the pressure relief channel 141 and the gas channel 111 at the same time, so that the gas pressure inside the battery can be reduced to below the second threshold (ie, the explosion-proof threshold) more quickly, thereby improving the safety of the battery sex.
  • the third valve plate 150 moves together with the valve seat 110 toward the first end along the axial direction of the gas passage 111 , and is pressed against the mounting seat 140 again and elastically with the second sealing member 171 contact, the pressure relief channel 141 is closed again.
  • the gas channel 111 may remain open, and continue to adjust the air pressure inside and outside the battery until the air pressure inside and outside the battery reaches equilibrium (ie, less than the first threshold).
  • the two-way vent valve 100 according to the embodiment of the present application is particularly suitable for use in batteries.
  • a battery 200 is also provided. Please refer to FIG. 13 , which schematically shows a three-dimensional structure of a battery 200 according to yet another embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery 200 includes a case 210 , a battery cell (not shown in the figure) accommodated in the case 210 , and the two-way ventilation valve 100 according to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present application.
  • the two-way breathable valve 100 is fixed on the box body 210 , wherein the first end of the gas channel 111 is arranged toward the inside of the box body 210 , and the second end of the gas channel 111 is arranged toward the outside of the box body 210 .
  • the two-way vent valve 100 can be fixed on the casing 210 of the battery 200 through the fixing structure of the two-way vent valve 100, such as the screw holes 143 on the mounting seat 140; in some embodiments, the third sealing member 172 disposed on the two-way vent valve 100 can be used to ensure the sealing between the two-way vent valve 100 and the casing 210 of the battery 200 .
  • an electrical device 300 is also provided.
  • the electrical device includes the aforementioned battery 200 , and the battery 200 is configured to provide electrical energy for the electrical device 300 .
  • FIG. 14 schematically shows the structure of an electrical device 300 according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the electrical device 300 may be, for example, a vehicle, the vehicle may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc. .
  • the battery 200 is provided inside the vehicle, or the battery 200 is provided at the bottom or the front or rear of the vehicle.
  • the vehicle may have a motor 310, a controller 320 and a battery 200, the battery 200 is used to provide electrical energy to the vehicle, and the controller 320 controls the battery 200 to supply power to the motor 310 to operate the motor 310, thereby driving wheels or other components of the vehicle Work.
  • the electrical device 300 can also be other devices that include the battery 200 and provide power from the battery 200 , such as mobile phones, portable devices, notebook computers, battery cars, and electric cars. , ships, spacecraft, electric toys and power tools, etc.
  • orientation or positional relationship based on those shown in the accompanying drawings
  • the orientation or positional relationship is only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as implementing the present application. example limitations.
  • connection In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the technical terms “installation”, “connection”, “connection”, “fixed” and other terms should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a fixed connection.
  • the connection can be disassembled or integrated; it can also be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication between the two elements or the interaction relationship between the two elements.
  • connection can be disassembled or integrated; it can also be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication between the two elements or the interaction relationship between the two elements.
  • the first feature "on” or “under” the second feature may be in direct contact with the first and second features, or the first and second features Indirect contact through an intermediary.
  • the first feature is “above”, “above” and “over” the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is level higher than the second feature.
  • the first feature is “below”, “below” and “below” the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a lower level than the second feature.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)
  • Safety Valves (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Hybrid Cells (AREA)
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Abstract

一种双向透气阀，包括：阀座(110)，用于形成气体通道(111)，所述气体通道具有第一端和第二端；双向阀组件(120)，所述双向阀组件(120)可移动地设置在所述气体通道内，用于通过相对于所述气体通道的移动而打开或封闭所述气体通道；第一弹性件(130)，用于对所述双向阀组件(120)施以封闭所述气体通道的力，且当所述气体通道的所述第一端与所述第二端的气压差大于第一阈值时，所述双向阀组件被配置为克服所述第一弹性件的力而打开所述气体通道。该双向透气阀实现了阀两端气体的双向可控交换，在用于电池及使用电池的装置中时，可以减少电池外界水汽影响，降低凝露的风险。还公开了包括该双向透气阀的电池及用电装置。

Description

双向透气阀、电池以及用电装置
本申请要求于2021年01月12日提交的申请号为202110032669.9、发明名称为“双向透气阀、电池以及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及动力电池技术领域，具体涉及一种双向透气阀、电池以及用电装置。
背景技术
动力电池包通常采用密封设计，在满足基本的防水防尘要求外，还需要具备透气功能。车辆等设备在运行过程中，电池包发热或海拔变化引起电池包内外压力不同，需要能及时补充/排除气体，以维持压力均衡，防止电池包外壳和密封界面受压变形及失效。
目前通常采用带防水透气膜的阀体作为电池包透气装置，能够满足基本的防水防尘要求，并利用防水透气膜平衡电池包内外气压。然而，现有的防水透气膜阀体为常开式设计，容易受外界水汽影响，而有凝露风险。凝露会导致零部件失效，甚至引发绝缘失效或短路故障，对用户人身和财产安全造成极大威胁。
发明内容
鉴于上述问题，本申请实施例提供了一种双向透气阀、电池以及用电装置，以期实现阀两端气体的双向可控交换，在用于电池及使用电池的装置中时，可以减少电池外界水汽影响，避免电池凝露的风险。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，提供了一种双向透气阀，所述双向透气阀包括：阀座，所述阀座用于形成气体通道，所述气体通道具有第一端和第二端；双向阀组件，所述双向阀组件可移动地设置在所述气体通道内，所述双向阀组件包括第一阀片和第二阀片，所述第一阀片上设有第一通孔，所述第二阀片上设有第二通孔，所述第一通孔与所述第二通孔在所述气体 通道轴向上的投影相互分离；
第一弹性件，所述第一弹性件的一个施力端与所述第一阀片或所述第二阀片相抵，使得所述第一弹性件对所述第一阀片和/或所述第二阀片施以使所述第一阀片与所述第二阀片彼此靠近的力，以封闭所述气体通道，且当所述气体通道的所述第一端与所述第二端的气压差达到第一阈值时，所述第一阀片被配置为朝向所述第一端移动而打开所述气体通道，或者，所述第二阀片被配置为朝向所述第二端移动而打开所述气体通道。
在一种可选的方式中，所述第一阀片和所述第二阀片与所述气体通道同轴设置；并且，所述第一通孔和所述第二通孔中的一者与所述气体通道同轴设置，另一者沿所述气体通道的周向设置。
在一种可选的方式中，所述双向阀组件还包括第一密封件，所述第一密封件设置于所述第一阀片和/或所述第二阀片上，当所述双向阀组件封闭所述气体通道时，所述第一密封件位于所述第一阀片与所述第二阀片之间并将所述第一通孔与所述第二通孔隔开。
在一种可选的方式中，所述第一阀片和/或所述第二阀片上设有凹槽，所述第一密封件固定在所述凹槽内并凸出于所述凹槽。
在一种可选的方式中，所述气体通道的内壁上设有阻挡部，在所述气体通道的轴向上，所述第一阀片和所述第二阀片分别设置在所述阻挡部的两侧，其中所述第一阀片位于所述阻挡部靠近所述第一端的一侧，所述第二阀片位于所述阻挡部靠近所述第二端的一侧。
在一种可选的方式中，所述阻挡部面向所述第一密封件一侧的边缘设有第一斜面，所述第一密封件的边缘设有第二斜面，所述第一斜面与所述第二斜面密封连接。
在一种可选的方式中，所述双向阀组件还包括端盖，所述端盖可移动地设置于所述气体通道的所述第一端，所述端盖用于与所述第二阀片连接，所述第一弹性件位于所述端盖与所述第一阀片之间。
在一种可选的方式中，所述双向阀组件还包括连接柱，用于连接所述端盖与所述第二阀片。
在一种可选的方式中，所述第一弹性件为套设于所述连接柱上的第一弹簧。
在一种可选的方式中，所述双向透气阀还包括：安装座，所述安装座可移动地设置于所述阀座上，所述安装座上设有泄压通道；第三阀片，所述第三阀片固定在所述阀座上并且位于所述气体通道的所述第二端，所述第三阀片用于通过所述阀座相对于所述安装座的移动，打开或封闭所述泄压通道；第二弹性件，用于对所述第三阀片施以封闭所述泄压通道的力，当所述气体通道第一端的气压大于所述第二端的气压且气压差达到第二阈值时，所述第三阀片被配置为克服所述第二弹性件的力而打开所述泄压通道；其中，所述第二阈值大于所述第一阈值。
在一种可选的方式中，所述安装座中部设有安装孔，所述阀座套设于所述安装孔内。
在一种可选的方式中，所述泄压通道沿所述气体通道的周向设置。
在一种可选的方式中，所述安装座在朝向所述第一端一侧设有围绕所述安装孔的安装槽，所述阀座在靠近所述第一端的外周设有限位部，所述第二弹性件为设置于所述安装槽与所述限位部之间的第二弹簧。
根据本申请实施例的另一方面，提供了一种电池，包括：电池单体；箱体，用于容纳所述电池单体；以及上述的双向透气阀，所述双向透气阀设置于所述箱体上，所述气体通道的所述第一端朝向所述箱体内部设置，所述气体通道的所述第二端朝向所述箱体外部设置。
根据本申请实施例的再一方面，提供了一种用电装置，所述用电装置包括上述的电池，所述电池用于提供电能。
本申请实施例提供的双向透气阀利用第一弹性件对双向阀组件施以封闭阀座内气体通道的力，使得当气体通道两端的气压差大于第一阈值时，双向阀组件能够克服第一弹性件的力而打开气体通道，如此实现了通过气压驱动，对气体通道两端气压的双向可控的平衡调整；当气体通道两端的气压平衡时，气体通道将处于封闭状态。相较于现有技术中常开式的透气阀设计，本申请实施例的双向透气阀在应用于电池及使用电池的装置中时，可以减少电池外界水汽影响，降低凝露风险。
上述说明仅是本申请技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本申请的技术手段，而可依照说明书的内容予以实施，并且为了让本申请的上述和其它目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂，以下特举本申请的具体实施方式。
附图说明
通过阅读对下文优选实施方式的详细描述，各种其他的优点和益处对于本领域普通技术人员将变得清楚明了。附图仅用于示出优选实施方式的目的，而并不认为是对本申请的限制。而且在全部附图中，用相同的附图标号表示相同的部件。在附图中：
图1为根据本申请一实施例的双向透气阀的立体结构示意图；
图2为根据本申请一实施例的双向透气阀的***图；
图3为根据本申请一实施例的双向透气阀中阀座沿气体通道轴线所在平面的剖面示意图；
图4为根据本申请一实施例的双向透气阀中第一阀片的立体结构示意图；
图5为根据本申请一实施例的双向透气阀中第二阀片的立体结构示意图；
图6为根据本申请一实施例的双向透气阀的正面结构示意图；
图7为根据本申请一实施例的双向透气阀沿图6中A-A面的剖视图；
图8为根据本申请另一实施例的双向透气阀沿图6中A-A面的剖视图；
图9为根据本申请一实施例提供的双向透气阀沿图6中A-A面的剖视图，其中去除双向阀组件和第一弹性件以示出气体通道；
图10为根据本申请一实施例的双向透气阀在排气时的剖面结构示意图；
图11为根据本申请一实施例的双向透气阀在进气时的剖面结构示意图；
图12为根据本申请一实施例提供的双向透气阀在防爆泄压时的剖面结构示意图；
图13为根据本申请又一实施例的电池的立体结构示意图；
图14为根据本申请再一实施例的用电装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式中的附图标号如下：
双向透气阀100，阀座110，气体通道111，阻挡部112，第一斜面113，限位部114，双向阀组件120，第一阀片121，第一通孔122，第二阀片123， 第二通孔124，第一密封件125，凹槽126，端盖127，第三通孔128，连接柱129，第一弹性件130，安装座140，泄压通道141，安装孔142，螺孔143，安装槽144，第三阀片150，半透膜151，第二弹性件160，第二密封件171，第三密封件172，保护盖180；电池200，箱体210，用电装置300，马达310，控制器320。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请技术方案的实施例进行详细的描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本申请的技术方案，因此只作为示例，而不能以此来限制本申请的保护范围。
请参阅图1和图2，分别示意性地示出根据本申请一实施例的双向透气阀的立体结构及***结构。
如图中所示，双向透气阀100包括阀座110、双向阀组件120和第一弹性件130。阀座110用于形成气体通道111。气体通道111的两端分别为第一端和第二端，后文以图2中气体通道111左侧的一端为第一端，右侧的一端为第二端。双向阀组件120设置在气体通道111内，并且可以在气体通道111内移动。利用双向阀组件120相对于气体通道111的移动，实现对气体通道111的打开和关闭。第一弹性件130用于对双向阀组件120施力使其封闭气体通道111。
当气体通道111两端的气压差超过一预设阈值(第一阈值)时，双向阀组件120受该气压差的作用，将克服第一弹性件130的力而在气体通道111内移动，并打开气体通道111，使双向透气阀100两端气体流通，进行排气或进气，以实现气体通道111两端的气压平衡。一旦气压达到平衡，即气体通道111两端的气压差降至第一阈值以下，双向阀组件120将在第一弹性件130的施力作用下复位，并再次封闭气体通道111。
本申请实施例提供的双向透气阀100利用第一弹性件130对双向阀组件120施力，使其在气体通道111两端的气压差未达到第一阈值时，即两端气压平衡时，封闭气体通道111；仅当气体通道111两端的气压差超过第一阈值时，气体通道111才会打开。如此实现了通过气压驱动，对双向透气阀100的气体通道111两端气压的双向可控的平衡调整。
相较于现有技术的常开式透气阀设计中阀两端气体的实时交换，本申请实施例的双向透气阀100中，阀两端气体为按需交换。在用于电池中时，这样的按需交换可以显著降低电池与外界气体交换的频率和量，减少外界水汽对电池内部的影响，降低凝露风险，提升电池及用电装置的可靠性和安全性。
在图中所示的具体实施例中，阀座110整体呈圆筒形，相应地，气体通道111呈圆柱形，具有穿过其横截面中点并沿从第一端到第二端的长度方向延伸的轴线，如图3中所示的轴线。这样的结构较为简单，装配方便。
然而，本领域技术人员应当理解，对于实现本申请的目的而言，图中所示仅为范例，在其他实施例中，阀座110和气体通道111也可以具有其他形状和结构。例如，气体通道111的横截面可以为其他形状；或者，气体通道111也可以具有彼此连通的多段，并且各段之间可以彼此平行或垂直或成其他角度。
请继续参阅图2，并请进一步参阅图3至图5，其中图3示意性地示出根据本申请一实施例的双向透气阀100中阀座110沿轴线所在平面的剖面结构；图4和图5分别示意性地示出根据本申请一实施例的双向透气阀100中第一阀片121和第二阀片123的立体结构。
在图中所示的具体实施例中，双向透气阀100中的双向阀组件120包括第一阀片121和第二阀片123，第一阀片121上设有第一通孔122，第二阀片123上设有第二通孔124。第一通孔122和第二通孔124在气体通道111轴向上的投影相互分离。第一弹性件130对第一阀片121或第二阀片123施力，或是对第一阀片121和第二阀片123两者施力，以使二者彼此靠近，并封闭气体通道111。
第一阀片121和第二阀片123在气体通道111内沿气体通道111的轴向布置。由于第一通孔122与第二通孔124的错位设置，使得当第一阀片121与第二阀片123在第一弹性件130的施力作用下沿气体通道111的轴向移动而彼此靠近或彼此相贴时，第一通孔122与第二通孔124将不会因重叠或交叠而连通，便于双向阀组件120对气体通道111的有效封闭。
此外，来自气体通道111第一端的气体将穿过第一通孔122作用在第二阀片123上，来自气体通道111第二端的气体将穿过第二通孔124作用 在第一阀片121上。当气体通道111两端的气压差达到第一阈值时，双向阀组件120克服第一弹性件130的作用力，在气压差的驱动下，使第一阀片121朝向气体通道111的第一端移动，或是使第二阀片123朝向气体通道111的第二端移动，或是使第一阀片121和第二阀片123二者各自分别朝向气体通道111的第一端和第二端移动，从而使两阀片彼此分开或远离。气体通道111两端气体通过“第一通孔122——第一阀片121与第二阀片123之间的空隙——第二通孔124”连通，实现气体交换。
在完成排气或进气的气体交换之后，气体通道111两端再次恢复气压平衡，即两端的气压差降至第一阈值以下。此时气压差对双向阀组件120的作用力将不足以对抗第一弹性件130的作用力，第一阀片121和第二阀片123在第一弹性件130的施力下，再次彼此靠近并封闭气体通道111。
通过沿气体通道111的轴线方向布置第一阀片121和第二阀片123，并设置第一通孔122和第二通孔124，使气体通道111两端的气体通过第一通孔122和第二通孔124分别作用在第二阀片123和第一阀片121上。这有利于根据进气、排气开启压力的需要，通过调整通孔的尺寸，调整阀片的受压面积，结构灵活，可以适应多种需求。
在图中所示的具体实施例中，双向阀组件120中的第一阀片121和第二阀片123的移动方式为沿气体通道111的轴向移动。然而，本领域技术人员应当理解，图中所示仅为范例。在其他实施例中，双向阀组件120也可以具有其他移动方式。例如当气体通道111两端的压力差大于第一阈值时，第一阀片121和/或第二阀片123将克服第一弹性件130的力，在气体通道111内相对于彼此翻转，或旋转，或沿垂直于气体通道111轴向的方向移动，以使第一通孔122与第二通孔124连通，从而打开气体通道111。
在一些实施例中，第一阀片121和第二阀片123与气体通道111同轴设置，并且第一通孔122和第二通孔124中的一者与气体通道111同轴设置，另一者沿气体通道111的周向设置。这样的设计，使得双向透气阀100整体结构较为简单，且第一阀片121和第二阀片123的受压均匀，确保了第一阀片121和第二阀片123在气体通道111内的轴向运动，有利于提升双向阀组件120及双向透气阀100的结构稳定性和可靠性。
请继续参阅图2至图5，在图中所示的具体实施例中，第一阀片121 上的第一通孔122与气体通道111同轴设置，而第二阀片123上的第二通孔124沿气体通道111的周向设置。本领域技术人员应当理解，在其他实施例中，也可以是第一阀片121上的第一通孔122沿气体通道111的周向设置，而第二阀片123上的第二通孔124与气体通道111同轴设置；并且沿气体通道111的周向设置的第一通孔122或第二通孔124可以有一个或多个。
请继续参阅图2，并请进一步参阅图6至图8，其中图6示意性地示出根据本申请一实施例的双向透气阀100的正面结构；图7和图8分别示意性地示出根据本申请两个不同实施例的双向透气阀100沿图6中A-A面的剖面结构。
在图中所示的具体实施例中，双向阀组件120还可以包括第一密封件125，第一密封件125可以设置在第一阀片121上，或是设置在第二阀片123上，或是设置在第一阀片121和第二阀片123两者上。当双向阀组件120封闭气体通道111时，第一密封件125位于第一阀片121与第二阀片123之间，并且将第一通孔122与第二通孔124隔开。
通过设置第一密封件125，并将第一密封件125设置在第一阀片121和/或第二阀片123上，有利于提升双向阀组件120对气体通道111的封闭效果，避免因为第一阀片121与第二阀片123之间的缝隙导致封闭失效，且能够为第一阀片121与第二阀片123之间的接触提供弹性缓冲。
第一密封件125例如可以为如图7中所示的密封垫，或是如图8中所示的密封圈。本领域技术人员应当理解，图中所示仅为范例，在其他实施例中，第一密封件125也可以有一个或多个，只要能够起到在第一阀片121与第二阀片123彼此靠近并封闭气体通道111时，隔开第一通孔122与第二通孔124即可。
请继续参阅图4和图7，在一些实施例中，阀片上还可以设置凹槽126用于固定第一密封件125，第一密封件125固定在凹槽126内，并有部分凸出于凹槽126。在图中所示的具体实施例中，凹槽126设置在第一阀片121上，并且沿第一通孔122的外周设置。然而，本领域技术人员应当理解，在其他实施例中，凹槽126也可以设置在第二阀片123上，或是在第一阀片121和第二阀片123上各自设置凹槽126。此外，在第一密封件125 具有其他结构和布置方式时，凹槽126的布置方式也可以与第一密封件125的结构和数目相适应，例如可以设置多个凹槽126，以便于固定多个第一密封件125。
通过在阀片上设置凹槽126并将第一密封件125固定在阀片上，而非将第一密封件125设置为与阀座110的内壁直接接触，可以消除或避免阀座110与第一密封件125之间的摩擦，提升密封的可靠性。凹槽126的深度可以根据第一密封件125的压缩量进行设计。当第一阀片121与第二阀片123在第一弹性件130的作用下彼此靠近以封闭气体通道111时，第一密封件125凸出于凹槽126的部分将与另一阀片或另一阀片上的第一密封件125弹性接触，进一步提升对第一通孔122与第二通孔124的有效隔离，以及对气体通道111的封闭效果。
请继续参阅图3，并请进一步参阅图9，图9示意性地示出根据本申请一实施例的双向透气阀100沿图6中A-A面的剖视图，其中去除了双向阀组件120和第一弹性件130，以示出气体通道111。
在图中所示的具体实施例中，气体通道111的内壁上可以设置阻挡部112。在气体通道111的轴向上，第一阀片121和第二阀片123分别设置在阻挡部112的两侧，其中第一阀片121位于阻挡部112靠近气体通道111的第一端的一侧，第二阀片123位于阻挡部112靠近气体通道111的第二端的一侧。阻挡部112可以如图中所示，为沿气体通道111周向连续地设置在气体通道111内壁上的凸肋。在其他实施例中，阻挡部112也可以是一个或多个凸起部，当存在多个凸起部时，这些凸起部可以沿气体通道的周向均匀地，或非均匀地布置。
通过在气体通道111内设置阻挡部112，使得双向阀组件120在封闭气体通道时，能够受阻挡部112阻挡，而保持在气体通道111内的特定位置，以提升双向透气阀100整体结构的稳定性和可靠性。结合第一阀片121和第二阀片123沿气体通道111轴向的间隔布置方式，整体上简化了双向透气阀100的结构，并且各部件的装配和工作方式也得以简化。
本领域技术人员应当理解，图中所示仅为范例，在其他实施例中，也可以采用其他结构或部件，来实现双向阀组件120在气体通道111内的定位。例如，可以在气体通道111的第一端或第二端设置阻挡结构或部件， 或者设置另外的固定结构或弹性件，以确保双向阀组件120处于气体通道111内，并在双向阀组件120封闭气体通道时，双向阀组件120的第一阀片121和第二阀片123处于气体通道111内的特定位置。
请继续参阅图3、图7和图9，在图中所示的具体实施例中，阻挡部112在面向第一密封件125一侧的边缘设有第一斜面113，相应地，在第一密封件125的边缘设有第二斜面(图中未标示)，第一斜面113与第二斜面密封连接。阻挡部112与第一密封件125之间通过斜面密封，可以增大阻挡部112与第一密封件125之间的密封面积，提升密封效果，且有利于第一密封件125与阻挡部112的尺寸配合。这在第一密封件125为密封垫的实施例中是尤其有利的(例如图7中所示的具体实施例)。
请继续参阅图2、图7和图8，在图中所示的具体实施例中，双向阀组件120还可以包括端盖127，用于与第二阀片123连接。端盖127可移动地设置在气体通道111的第一端，第一弹性件130位于端盖127与第一阀片121之间。
由于第一阀片121和第二阀片123在气体通道111内沿气体通道111的轴向布置，第一阀片121相对靠近气体通道111第一端，第二阀片123相对靠近气体通道111的第二端。通过设置端盖127连接第二阀片123，并使第一弹性件130处于端盖127与第一阀片121之间，第一弹性件130对端盖127施以朝向气体通道111第一端的力，并因此间接对第二阀片123施以朝向气体通道111第一端的力，同时第一弹性件130还对第一阀片121施以朝向气体通道111第二端的力，如此巧妙地实现双向阀组件120的第一阀片121和第二阀片123在第一弹性件130作用下彼此靠近，并封闭气体通道111的效果。
本领域技术人员应当理解，图中所示仅为范例，在其他实施例中，也可以通过其他方式使第一弹性件130对第一阀片121和第二阀片123施以彼此靠近并封闭气体通道111的力。例如，可以在气体通道111的第二端设置类似于端盖127的另一端盖，该另一端盖连接第一阀片121，第一弹性件130可以位于该另一端盖与第二阀片123之间。或者，在气体通道111的两端分别设置阻挡结构，第一弹性件130也可以包括两个弹性件，一个位于气体通道111第一端的阻挡结构与第一阀片121之间，以从第一端对 第一阀片121施以朝向第二端的力；另一个位于气体通道111第二端的阻挡结构与第二阀片123之间，以从第二端对第二阀片123施以朝向第一端的力，使第一阀片121、第二阀片123彼此靠近并封闭气体通道111。或者，在另外的实施例中，也可以采用除上述以外的其他方式。
在图中所示的具体实施例中，端盖127为横截面与气体通道111的横截面相匹配的圆饼形结构。端盖127的中部连接到第二阀片123，在端盖127上还设有周向分布的多个第三通孔128，用于使气体通道111的第一端与气体通道111内部气体连通。然而，本领域技术人员应当理解，图中所示仅为范例，在其他实施例中，端盖127也可以具有其他结构，也可以具有一个或多个，只要能够将第一弹性件130限制在端盖127与第一阀片121之间即可。例如端盖127可以为横截面积小于气体通道111横截面积的圆饼、长条形或其他形状，从而可以利用端盖127与气体通道111之间的空隙实现气体连通。
请继续参阅图5、图7和图8，在一些实施例中，双向阀组件120还可以包括连接柱129，用于连接端盖127与第二阀片123。连接柱129的一端可以连接到第二阀片123，或是与第二阀片123为一体结构；连接柱129的另一端连接到端盖127。利用连接柱129连接第二阀片123与端盖127，使得第一弹性件130通过端盖127对第二阀片123的施力可以沿气体通道111的轴向传递，与气体通道111两端气压作用在第一阀片121和第二阀片123上的力的方向在同一条直线上，从而确保了第一阀片121和第二阀片123的轴向受力，可以防止卡滞，确保双向透气阀100的可靠性和稳定性。
在图中所示的具体实施例中，连接柱129与第二阀片123为一体结构，这进一步简化了结构，且便于装配。连接柱129位于第二阀片123的中部，相应地，端盖127也在中部设置连接孔，用于与连接柱129连接。这与本具体实施例中第一通孔122位于第一阀片121中部，且与气体通道111同轴；第二通孔124在第二阀片123上沿气体通道111周向设置的具体结构相适应。本领域技术人员应当理解，图中所示仅为范例，在其他实施例中，根据第一阀片121和第二阀片123的具体结构和设置方式，连接柱129也可以有一个或多个，并且可以位于阀片中间或外周。
连接柱129与端盖127之间可以采用螺纹连接。例如，可以在端盖127上对应位置处设置螺纹孔，连接柱129在连接端盖127的端部设置外螺纹。由于第一弹性件130位于端盖127与第二阀片123之间，端盖127与连接柱129之间的螺纹连接还有利于根据实际需要，设计第一弹性件130的弹性压缩量，提高排气及进气的控制精度。类似地，在连接柱129连接到第一阀片121的实施例中，连接柱129与第一阀片121之间也可以采用螺纹连接。
请继续参阅图2，图7和图8，在一些实施例中，第一弹性件130可以为套设于连接柱129上的第一弹簧。利用第一弹簧同时压紧第一阀片121和第二阀片123，并为第一阀片121和第二阀片123提供复位驱动力和预紧力，增强了双向阀组件120对气体通道111的封闭效果，防止意外开启。
在图中所示的具体实施例中，连接柱129的一端连接在第二阀片123中部，穿过第一阀片121中部的第一通孔122，并且另一端连接到端盖127，此时将第一弹性件130设计为套设在连接柱129上第一弹簧是尤其有利的。结构简单、装配方便，第一弹簧的施力均匀且与气体通道111的轴线共线，可以避免双向透气阀100在操作过程中因阀片卡滞导致故障或失效。
本领域技术人员应当理解，图中所示仅为范例，在其他实施例中，第一弹性件130也可以具有其他结构，设置在其他位置，或是具有一个或多个。例如，第一弹性件130还可以为波纹管、橡胶弹性体、金属弹片等等。根据第一弹性件130和双向阀组件120的具体结构，第一弹性件130的位置及数目也可以有其他设计。
在一些实施例中，本申请的双向透气阀100还可以兼具防爆阀的功能。
请继续参阅图1和图2以及图6至图9，在图中所示的具体实施例中，双向透气阀100还可以包括安装座140、第三阀片150和第二弹性件160。安装座140设置在阀座110上，并且可以相对于阀座110移动，安装座140上设有泄压通道141。第三阀片150固定在阀座110上，并且位于气体通道111的第二端，用于通过阀座110相对于安装座140的移动，打开或封闭泄压通道141。第二弹性件160用于对第三阀片150施以封闭泄压通道141的力，使得当气体通道111第一端的气压大于第二端的气压，并且该气压差达到第二阈值时，第三阀片150能够克服第二弹性件160的力而打 开泄压通道141。其中，第二阈值大于第一阈值。
本申请实施例提供的双向透气阀100中，通过设置可相对于阀座110移动的安装座140，安装座140上设置泄压通道141，利用第二弹性件160对固定在阀座110上气体通道111第二端的第三阀片150施力，以封闭泄压通道141，实现了防爆阀与双向透气阀的组合功能。该实施例中的第三阀片150为单向防爆阀片。气体通道111第一端的气体通过泄压通道141作用在第三阀片150上，对第三阀片150施以朝向第二端的力；气体通道111第二端的气体直接作用在第三阀片150上，对第三阀片150施以朝向第一端的力。
当气体通道111第一端的气压大于第二端的气压，并且该气压差达到第二阈值时，该气压差将驱动第三阀片150克服第二弹性件160的力，随阀座110相对于安装座140移动并打开泄压通道141，使气体通道111第一端的气体通过该泄压通道141向第二端排出，实现泄压功能。该第二阈值即为防爆气压临界值，其大于限定平衡透气临界值的第一阈值。当气体通道111第一端的气压经过该泄压过程而降低到与第二端的气压差小于第二阈值时，该气压差将不足以对抗第二弹性件160的力，第二弹性件160作用于第三阀片150上的复位力将驱使第三阀片150随阀座110相对于安装座140移动，恢复对泄压通道141的封闭。
请继续参阅图2、图6至图9，在图中所示的具体实施例中，阀座110安装在安装座140的中部。具体地，在安装座140中部设有安装孔142，阀座110套设在安装孔142内，并且可以沿气体通道111的轴线方向相对于安装座140移动。
本申请实施例的双向透气阀100中，阀座110与安装座140采用同轴设置，使得在进气/排气平衡过程与防爆泄压过程中，双向阀组件120与第三阀片150的移动方向也与气体通道111的轴线方向一致，且泄压过程可以同时利用气体通道111与泄压通道141，大大提高了泄压效率。
请继续参阅图2，在图中所示的具体实施例中，泄压通道141可以沿气体通道111的周向设置。例如可以设有如图中所示沿周向均匀布置的四个泄压通道141。这使得双向透气阀100在防爆泄压过程中第三阀片150的受力分布均匀，从而确保第三阀片150能够沿气体通道111的轴向运动， 防爆泄压过程平稳可靠。
在一些实施例中，第三阀片150可以为与安装座140的截面形状相对应的环形阀片。该环形阀片固定在阀座110的气体通道111的第二端，并且封闭安装座140上沿气体通道111周向设置的泄压通道141；同时，环形阀片中间的开口对应于气体通道111的位置，不阻挡气体通道111的进气/排气平衡。
在另外的实施例中，第三阀片150还可以包括设置于环形阀片中部的半透膜151。半透膜151具有防水防尘且透气的功能，将半透膜151固定在阀座110的气体通道111的第二端，使得在将本申请实施例的双向透气阀100应用于电池中时，可以为电池提供额外的防水防尘功能，避免水和灰尘通过气体通道111进入电池内部，损坏或影响电池的功能。
在一些实施例中，为了提升第三阀片150对泄压通道141的密封效果，还可以在第三阀片150与安装座140上朝向气体通道111的第二端的一侧之间设置第二密封件171。类似于上文有关第一密封件125的描述，第二密封件171也可以为密封垫或密封圈，并且也可以在安装座140对应位置处设置凹槽，以将第二密封件171固定于其内，并使部分第二密封件171凸出于该凹槽与第三阀片150弹性接触。
请继续参阅图1和图2，以及图6至图9，在图中所示的具体实施例中，第二弹性件160为设置在阀座110与安装座140之间的第二弹簧，用于对二者施以使第三阀片150从气体通道111的第二端向安装座140压紧的力，以封闭泄压通道141。为此，可以在阀座110上靠近气体通道111的第一端的外周设置限位部114，相应地，还可以在安装座140上朝向气体通道111的第一端的一侧设有安装槽144，安装槽144围绕安装孔142设置。如此，第二弹簧套设在阀座110的外侧壁。
将第二弹性件160设置为套设在阀座110外周的第二弹簧，第二弹簧的提供的弹性复位力也与气体通道111同轴，进一步使本申请实施例的双向透气阀100在防爆泄压过程中受力均匀。
在一些实施例中，为了使本申请实施例的双向透气阀100在应用于电池中时，能够确保与电池的箱体之间的密封效果，双向透气阀100还可以包括第三密封件172。请返回参阅图2、图6至图9，在图中所示的具体实 施中，第三密封件172可以设置在安装座140上靠近气体通道111的第一端的一侧，这是因为双向透气阀100在应用于电池时，第一端为处于电池箱体内部的一端，第二端为处于电池箱体外部的一端。
类似于前文有关第一密封件125和第二密封件171的描述，第三密封件172也可以为密封垫或密封圈，并且也可以在安装座140对应位置处设置凹槽，以将第三密封件172固定于其内，并使部分第三密封件172凸出于该凹槽与电池的箱体弹性接触。本领域技术人员应当理解，图中所示仅为范例，在其他实施例中，第三密封件172也可以为其他结构，或是设置于其他位置，例如设置在阀座110上，这在双向透气阀100不具备防爆泄压功能，以及因此不具有安装座140的情况中是尤其有利的。
在一些实施例中，为了方便本申请实施例的双向透气阀100在应用于电池中时，将双向透气阀100固定到电池的箱体上，还可以在双向透气阀100上设置固定结构，固定结构例如可以为设置在安装座140上的螺孔143，从而能够通过螺钉将双向透气阀100固定在电池的箱体上。本领域技术人员应当理解，图中所示仅为范例，在其他实施例中，固定结构不限于此，也可以为其他固定方式。并且固定结构也可以设置在其他位置，例如，固定结构还可以设置在或连接到阀座110上，这在双向透气阀100不具备防爆泄压功能，以及因此不具有安装座140的情况中是尤其有利的。
在一些实施例中，为了对本申请实施例的双向透气阀100提供保护，还可以在双向透气阀100上设置保护盖180。保护盖180可以设置在双向透气阀100在靠近气体通道111的第二端的一侧。从而当双向透气阀100应用于电池中时，保护盖180位于电池外部的一侧，能够对内部的阀座110、双向阀组件120、第三阀片150等其他结构提供保护。保护盖180与阀座110或安装座140之前应当留有空隙，以避免阻挡气体通道111和泄压通道141，避免影响双向透气阀100的双向透气功能和防爆泄压功能。
请参阅图2、图6至图9，如图中所示，保护盖180可以设置在双向透气阀100中安装座140靠近气体通道111的第二端的最外侧，保护内部的其他结构。
接下来请参阅附图10至12，分别示意性地示出根据本申请一具体实施例的双向透气阀100在排气、进气、防爆泄压时的剖面结构。下文将参 考双向透气阀100在电池中的应用进行描述。
如图10中所示，当气体通道111第一端的气压大于第二端的气压，即电池内部的气压大于外部气压，该气压差大于第一阈值且小于第二阈值时，双向透气阀100将启动排气过程。
受电池内部更大气压的驱动，电池内的气体沿气体通道111并通过第一阀片121上的第一通孔122，施力在第二阀片123上，将第二阀片123朝向电池外部的方向推。第二阀片123在此作用力下，将克服第一弹簧的力而沿气体通道111的轴线向第二端移动，与阀座110内壁上的阻挡部112和第一密封件125分离，打开气体通道111。此时第一弹簧处于压缩状态。电池内部的气体将沿气体通道111排出，如图10中空心箭头方向所示。直至气体通道111两端的气压差恢复到第一阈值以下，第二阀片123在第一弹簧的回复力作用下，沿气体通道111的轴线方向朝向第一端移动，并再次压紧在阀座110内壁上的阻挡部112上，并与第一密封件125弹性接触，再次封闭气体通道111。
如图11中所示，当气体通道111第一端的气压小于第二端的气压，即电池内部的气压小于外部气压，该气压差大于第一阈值时，双向透气阀100将启动进气过程。
受电池外部更大气压的驱动，电池外的气体沿气体通道111并通过第二阀片123上的第二通孔124，施力在第一阀片121上，将第一阀片121朝向电池内部的方向推。第一阀片121在此作用力下，将克服第一弹簧的力而沿气体通道111的轴线向第一端移动，与阀座110内壁上的阻挡部112分离，打开气体通道111。此时第一弹簧处于压缩状态。电池外部的气体将沿气体通道111进入电池内，如图11中空心箭头方向所示。直至气体通道111两端的气压差恢复到第一阈值以下，第一阀片121在第一弹簧的回复力作用下，沿气体通道111的轴线方向朝向第二端移动，并再次压紧在阀座110内壁上的阻挡部112上，并且第一密封件125再次与第二阀片123弹性接触，封闭气体通道111。
如图12中所示，当气体通道111第一端的气压大于第二端的气压，即电池内部的气压大于外部气压，并且该气压差达到第二阈值时，双向透气阀100将启动防爆泄压过程。
由于电池内外的气压差已达到防爆阈值(第二阈值)，电池内的气体将直接通过泄压通道141作用于第三阀片150上，将第三阀片150朝向电池外部的方向推。第三阀片150在此作用力下，将克服第二弹性件160(这里为第二弹簧)的力而沿气体通道111的轴线向第二端移动，与安装座140和第二密封件171分离，打开泄压通道141。此时第二弹簧处于压缩状态。电池内部的气体将沿泄压通道141快速排出，如图12中实心箭头方向所示。同时，电池内的气体还沿气体通道111通过第一阀片121上的第一通孔122，施力在第二阀片123上，将第二阀片123朝向电池外部的方向推。第二阀片123在此作用力下，将同时将克服第一弹簧的力而沿气体通道111的轴线向第二端移动，与阀座110内壁上的阻挡部112和第一密封件125分离，打开气体通道111。此时第一弹簧也处于压缩状态。电池内部的气体还同时沿气体通道111排出，如图12中空心箭头方向所示。
在该情况中，电池内的气体将同时沿泄压通道141和气体通道111两者同时排出，能够更快速地使电池内部的气压降至第二阈值(即防爆阈值)以下，提升电池的安全性。第三阀片150在第二弹簧的回复力作用下，随阀座110一起沿气体通道111的轴线方向朝向第一端移动，并再次压紧在安装座140上并与第二密封件171弹性接触，再次封闭泄压通道141。此时，气体通道111可以仍保持为打开状态，并继续对电池内外的气压进行调整，直至电池内外的气压达到平衡(即小于第一阈值)。
根据本申请实施例的双向透气阀100尤其适用于电池中。根据本申请实施例的另一方面，还提供了一种电池200。请参阅附图13，示意性地示出根据本申请又一实施例的电池200的立体结构。
如图中所示，电池200包括箱体210，容纳于箱体210内的电池单体(图中未示出)，以及如本申请上述实施例的双向透气阀100。双向透气阀100固定在箱体210上，其中气体通道111的第一端朝向箱体210内部设置，气体通道111的第二端朝向箱体210外部设置。
如前文所述，在一些实施例中，可以通过双向透气阀100的固定结构，例如位于安装座140上的螺孔143，将双向透气阀100固定在电池200的箱体210上；在一些实施例中，可以利用设置在双向透气阀100上的第三密封件172，确保双向透气阀100与电池200的箱体210之间的密封。
根据本申请实施例的再一方面，还提供了一种用电装置300，该用电装置包括上述的电池200，电池200用于为该用电装置300提供电能。请参阅附图14，示意性地示出了根据本申请再一实施例的用电装置300的结构。
在图中所示的具体实施例中，用电装置300例如可以为车辆，车辆可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。在车辆的内部设置电池200，或者，在车辆的底部或车头或车尾设置电池200。该车辆可以具有马达310、控制器320和电池200，电池200用于为该车辆提供电能，并通过控制器320控制电池200为马达310供电以使马达310运转，进而驱动车辆的轮子或其他部件工作。当然，图中所示仅为范例，在其他实施例中，用电装置300也可以为其他包含电池200并由电池200提供电能的其他装置，例如手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、电瓶车、电动汽车、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等等。
需要注意的是，除非另有说明，本申请实施例使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本申请实施例所属领域技术人员所理解的通常意义。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“中心”“纵向”“横向”“长度”“宽度”“厚度”“上”“下”“前”“后”“左”“右”“竖直”“水平”“顶”“底”“内”“外”“顺时针”“逆时针”“轴向”“径向”“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请实施例和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请实施例的限制。
此外，技术术语“第一”“第二”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。在本申请实施例的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，技术术语“安装”“相连”“连接”“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；也可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根 据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请实施例中的具体含义。
在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触，或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”“上方”和“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围，其均应涵盖在本申请的权利要求和说明书的范围当中。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种双向透气阀，其特征在于，包括：
    阀座，所述阀座用于形成气体通道，所述气体通道具有第一端和第二端；
    双向阀组件，所述双向阀组件可移动地设置在所述气体通道内，所述双向阀组件包括第一阀片和第二阀片，所述第一阀片上设有第一通孔，所述第二阀片上设有第二通孔，所述第一通孔与所述第二通孔在所述气体通道轴向上的投影相互分离；
    第一弹性件，所述第一弹性件的一个施力端与所述第一阀片或所述第二阀片相抵，使得所述第一弹性件对所述第一阀片和/或所述第二阀片施以使所述第一阀片与所述第二阀片彼此靠近的力，以封闭所述气体通道，且当所述气体通道的所述第一端与所述第二端的气压差达到第一阈值时，所述第一阀片被配置为朝向所述第一端移动而打开所述气体通道，或者，所述第二阀片被配置为朝向所述第二端移动而打开所述气体通道。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的双向透气阀，其特征在于，所述第一阀片和所述第二阀片与所述气体通道同轴设置；并且，所述第一通孔和所述第二通孔中的一者与所述气体通道同轴设置，另一者沿所述气体通道的周向设置。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的双向透气阀，其特征在于，所述双向阀组件还包括第一密封件，所述第一密封件设置于所述第一阀片和/或所述第二阀片上，当所述双向阀组件封闭所述气体通道时，所述第一密封件位于所述第一阀片与所述第二阀片之间并将所述第一通孔与所述第二通孔隔开。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的双向透气阀，其特征在于，所述第一阀片和/或所述第二阀片上设有凹槽，所述第一密封件固定在所述凹槽内并凸出于所述凹槽。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的双向透气阀，其特征在于，所述气体通道的内壁上设有阻挡部，在所述气体通道的轴向上，所述第一阀片和所述第二阀片分别设置在所述阻挡部的两侧，其中所述第一阀片位于所述阻挡部靠近所述第一端的一侧，所述第二阀片位于所述阻挡部靠近所述第二端的一侧。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的双向透气阀，其特征在于，所述阻挡部面向所述第一密封件一侧的边缘设有第一斜面，所述第一密封件的边缘设有第二斜面，所述第一斜面与所述第二斜面密封连接。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的双向透气阀，其特征在于，所述双向阀组件还包括端盖，所述端盖可移动地设置于所述气体通道的所述第一端，所述端盖用于与所述第二阀片连接，所述第一弹性件位于所述端盖与所述第一阀片之间。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的双向透气阀，其特征在于，所述双向阀组件还包括连接柱，用于连接所述端盖与所述第二阀片。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的双向透气阀，其特征在于，所述第一弹性件为套设于所述连接柱上的第一弹簧。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的双向透气阀，其特征在于，所述双向透气阀还包括：
    安装座，所述安装座可移动地设置于所述阀座上，所述安装座上设有泄压通道；
    第三阀片，所述第三阀片固定在所述阀座上并且位于所述气体通道的所述第二端，所述第三阀片用于通过所述阀座相对于所述安装座的移动，打开或封闭所述泄压通道；
    第二弹性件，用于对所述第三阀片施以封闭所述泄压通道的力，当所述气体通道第一端的气压大于所述第二端的气压且气压差达到第二阈值时，所述第三阀片被配置为克服所述第二弹性件的力而打开所述泄压通道；
    其中，所述第二阈值大于所述第一阈值。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述双向透气阀，其特征在于，所述安装座中部设有安装孔，所述阀座套设于所述安装孔内。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的双向透气阀，其特征在于，所述泄压通道沿所述气体通道的周向设置。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的双向透气阀，其特征在于，所述安装座在朝向所述第一端一侧设有围绕所述安装孔的安装槽，所述阀座在靠近所述第一端的外周设有限位部，所述第二弹性件为设置于所述安装槽与所述限位部之间的第二弹簧。
  14. 一种电池，其特征在于，包括：
    电池单体；
    箱体，用于容纳所述电池单体；
    如权利要求1-13中任意一项所述的双向透气阀，所述双向透气阀设置于所述箱体上，所述气体通道的所述第一端朝向所述箱体内部设置，所述气体通道的所述第二端朝向所述箱体外部设置。
  15. 一种用电装置，其特征在于，所述用电装置包括如权利要求14所述的电池，所述电池用于提供电能。
PCT/CN2021/092892 2021-01-12 2021-05-10 双向透气阀、电池以及用电装置 WO2022151619A1 (zh)

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US20220344770A1 (en) 2022-10-27
AU2021419120B2 (en) 2024-01-25
US11949122B2 (en) 2024-04-02
CN112361047B (zh) 2021-06-04
KR102536081B1 (ko) 2023-05-26
KR20220158862A (ko) 2022-12-01
JP2023530776A (ja) 2023-07-19
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