WO2022149374A1 - 車両用ガラス及び車両用ガラスの製造方法 - Google Patents
車両用ガラス及び車両用ガラスの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022149374A1 WO2022149374A1 PCT/JP2021/043832 JP2021043832W WO2022149374A1 WO 2022149374 A1 WO2022149374 A1 WO 2022149374A1 JP 2021043832 W JP2021043832 W JP 2021043832W WO 2022149374 A1 WO2022149374 A1 WO 2022149374A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- far
- vehicle
- glass
- opening
- infrared
- Prior art date
Links
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/20—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof for generating image signals from infrared radiation only
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10082—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet
- B32B17/10119—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet having a composition deviating from the basic composition of soda-lime glass, e.g. borosilicate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10293—Edge features, e.g. inserts or holes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10339—Specific parts of the laminated safety glass or glazing being colored or tinted
- B32B17/10348—Specific parts of the laminated safety glass or glazing being colored or tinted comprising an obscuration band
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
- B60J1/00—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor
- B60J1/001—Double glazing for vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R11/00—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R11/00—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for
- B60R11/04—Mounting of cameras operative during drive; Arrangement of controls thereof relative to the vehicle
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/93—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
- G01S17/931—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R11/00—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for
- B60R2011/0001—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for characterised by position
- B60R2011/0003—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for characterised by position inside the vehicle
- B60R2011/0026—Windows, e.g. windscreen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R11/00—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for
- B60R2011/0042—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for characterised by mounting means
- B60R2011/0049—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for characterised by mounting means for non integrated articles
- B60R2011/005—Connection with the vehicle part
- B60R2011/0063—Connection with the vehicle part using adhesive means, e.g. hook and loop fasteners
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/02—Constructional details
- G01J5/08—Optical arrangements
- G01J5/0875—Windows; Arrangements for fastening thereof
Definitions
- the present invention relates to vehicle glass and a method for manufacturing vehicle glass.
- sensors may be installed for the purpose of improving the safety of automobiles.
- the sensor attached to the automobile include a camera, LiDAR (Light Detecting and Ringing), a millimeter wave radar, an infrared sensor and the like.
- Infrared rays are classified into near infrared rays (for example, wavelengths of 0.7 ⁇ m to 2 ⁇ m), mid infrared rays (for example, wavelengths of 3 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m), and far infrared rays (for example, wavelengths of 8 ⁇ m to 13 ⁇ m) according to their wavelength bands. ..
- Infrared sensors that detect these infrared rays include touch sensors for near-infrared rays, near-infrared cameras and LiDAR, gas analysis and mid-infrared spectroscopic analysis (functional group analysis) for mid-infrared rays, and night vision and thermos for far-infrared rays.
- a viewer hereinafter referred to as a far-infrared camera
- a far-infrared camera A viewer (hereinafter referred to as a far-infrared camera) and the like can be mentioned.
- the far infrared camera Since the window glass of an automobile normally does not transmit far infrared rays having a wavelength of 8 ⁇ m to 13 ⁇ m, the far infrared camera is conventionally installed outside the vehicle interior, more specifically on the front grille, as in Patent Document 1, for example. There were many. However, when the far-infrared camera is installed outside the vehicle interior, the structure becomes more complicated in order to ensure robustness, water resistance, dust resistance, etc., which leads to high cost. By installing the far-infrared camera in the vehicle interior and in the operating area of the wiper, the far-infrared camera is protected by the window glass, so that such a problem can be solved. However, as described above, since the window glass has a problem of low far-infrared transmittance, usually, the far-infrared camera is not arranged in the vehicle interior.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a window member in which a through hole is formed in a part of the window glass and the through hole is filled with an infrared transmissive member.
- the window glass generally has a structure that makes it difficult for the colliding object to penetrate even when the colliding object collides, but the far-infrared ray transmitting member is formed in the through hole formed in the window glass. It is provided. Therefore, when a colliding object collides with the far-infrared transmitting member, the colliding object may penetrate the far-infrared transmitting member and reach the passenger seat including the driver's seat inside the vehicle. Therefore, it is required to prevent the colliding object from reaching the passenger seat. Further, it is required to prevent occupants and objects from the indoor side from breaking through the window and jumping out of the vehicle in the event of a vehicle collision.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is possible to suppress the collision object from reaching the driver's seat, and it is possible to suppress the release of occupants and objects in the vehicle interior to the outside of the vehicle. And to provide a method for manufacturing vehicle glass.
- the vehicle glass according to the present disclosure is a vehicle glass provided with a light-shielding region, and is arranged in the light-shielding region, an opening, and the opening.
- a far-infrared ray transmitting region is formed in which the far-infrared ray transmitting member is provided, and further, the far-infrared ray transmitting member is provided inside the vehicle and viewed from a direction orthogonal to the surface of the vehicle outside of the far-infrared ray transmitting member.
- it has a protective member that overlaps at least a part of the far-infrared ray transmitting member.
- the method for manufacturing a vehicle glass according to the present disclosure is described by drilling an opening penetrating each of the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate in the thickness direction.
- the boundary portion with the surface and the boundary portion between the opening portion of the second glass substrate and the surface outside the vehicle are chamfered to form the opening portion of the first glass substrate and the opening portion of the second glass substrate.
- the glass After positioning, the glass is joined via an intermediate layer to form a laminated glass, a far-infrared transmitting member is installed in the opening, and the far-infrared transmitting member is further inside the vehicle than the far-infrared transmitting member.
- a protective member that overlaps at least a part of the far-infrared transmitting member when viewed from a direction orthogonal to the outer surface of the vehicle is installed.
- the present invention it is possible to suppress the collision object from reaching the driver's seat and the occupants and objects in the vehicle interior being released to the outside of the vehicle.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a state in which the vehicle glass according to the present embodiment is mounted on the vehicle.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the vehicle glass according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.
- FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the BB cross section of FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing an example of a state in which the vehicle glass is attached to the vehicle.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the far-infrared ray transmitting member viewed from the outside of the vehicle in the vertical direction.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a case where the size of the opening of the inner plate glass is larger than the opening of the outer plate glass, and the far-infrared ray transmitting member is bonded to the protective member (part) from the inside.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing an example of the shape of the inner surface of the opening.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing one aspect of the protective member.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing one aspect of the protective member.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing one aspect of the protective member.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the window member of Example 6 when viewed from the direction along the perpendicular line AX.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the window member having the configuration of Example 10.
- FIG. 14 is a graph of the evaluation results of the far-infrared ray transmitting member mounting strength performed using the window member of Example 9.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a state in which the vehicle glass according to the present embodiment is mounted on the vehicle.
- the vehicle glass 1 according to the present embodiment is mounted on the vehicle V.
- the vehicle glass 1 is a window member applied to the windshield of the vehicle V. That is, the vehicle glass 1 is used as a front window of the vehicle V, in other words, as a windshield.
- a far-infrared camera CA1 and a visible light camera CA2 are mounted inside the vehicle V (inside the vehicle).
- the inside of the vehicle V (inside the vehicle) refers to, for example, the interior of the vehicle in which the driver's seat is provided.
- the vehicle glass 1, the far-infrared camera CA1 and the visible light camera CA2 constitute the camera unit 100 according to the present embodiment.
- the far-infrared camera CA1 is a camera that detects far-infrared rays, and captures a thermal image outside the vehicle V by detecting far-infrared rays from the outside of the vehicle V.
- the visible light camera CA2 is a camera that detects visible light, and captures an image of the outside of the vehicle V by detecting visible light from the outside of the vehicle V.
- the camera unit 100 may further include, for example, LiDAR or a millimeter-wave radar.
- the far infrared ray is, for example, an electromagnetic wave having a wavelength of 8 ⁇ m to 13 ⁇ m
- the visible light is, for example, an electromagnetic wave having a wavelength of 360 nm to 830 nm.
- the far infrared ray may be used as an electromagnetic wave having a wavelength of 8 ⁇ m to 12 ⁇ m.
- the numerical range represented by using "-" means a range including the numerical values before and after "-" as the lower limit value and the upper limit value.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the vehicle glass according to the present embodiment.
- 3A and 3B are cross-sectional views taken along the line AA of FIG.
- FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view when the glass opening dimension on the outer surface of the vehicle is larger than the opening dimension on the inner surface of the vehicle
- FIG. 3B is a sectional view when the glass opening dimension on the inner surface of the vehicle is larger than the opening dimension on the outer surface of the vehicle.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the BB cross section of FIG. As shown in FIG.
- the upper edge of the vehicle glass 1 is referred to as an upper edge portion 1a
- the lower edge is referred to as a lower edge portion 1b
- one side edge is referred to as a side edge portion 1c
- the other side edge is used.
- the upper edge portion 1a is an edge portion located on the upper side in the vertical direction when the vehicle glass 1 is mounted on the vehicle V.
- the lower edge portion 1b is an edge portion located on the lower side in the vertical direction when the vehicle glass 1 is mounted on the vehicle V.
- the side edge portion 1c is an edge portion located on one side of the vehicle glass 1 when the vehicle glass 1 is mounted on the vehicle V.
- the side edge portion 1d is an edge portion located on the other side side when the vehicle glass 1 is mounted on the vehicle V.
- the direction from the upper edge portion 1a to the lower edge portion 1b is defined as the Y direction
- the direction from the side edge portion 1c toward the side edge portion 1d is defined as the X direction. do.
- the X direction and the Y direction are orthogonal to each other.
- the direction orthogonal to the surface of the vehicle glass 1, that is, the thickness direction of the vehicle glass 1 is defined as the Z direction.
- the Z direction is, for example, a direction from the outside of the vehicle V to the inside of the vehicle when the vehicle glass 1 is mounted on the vehicle V.
- the X and Y directions are along the surface of the vehicle glass 1, but when the surface of the vehicle glass 1 is curved, for example, the direction in contact with the surface of the vehicle glass 1 at the center point O of the vehicle glass 1. It may be.
- the center point O is the center position of the vehicle glass 1 when the vehicle glass 1 is viewed from the Z direction.
- a translucent region A1 and a light-shielding region A2 are formed on the vehicle glass 1.
- the translucent region A1 is an region that occupies the central portion of the vehicle glass 1 when viewed from the Z direction.
- the translucent region A1 is an region for securing the driver's field of view.
- the translucent region A1 is a region that transmits visible light.
- the light-shielding region A2 is a region formed around the translucent region A1 when viewed from the Z direction.
- the light-shielding region A2 is a region that shields visible light.
- a far-infrared ray transmitting region B and a visible light transmitting region C are formed in the light-shielding region A2a, which is a portion of the light-shielding region A2 on the upper edge portion 1a side.
- the far-infrared transmissive region B is a region that transmits far-infrared rays and is a region in which the far-infrared camera CA1 is provided. That is, the far-infrared camera CA1 is provided at a position overlapping the far-infrared transmission region B when viewed from the optical axis direction of the far-infrared camera CA1.
- the visible light transmission region C is a region that transmits visible light, and is a region in which the visible light camera CA2 is provided. That is, the visible light camera CA2 is provided at a position overlapping the visible light transmission region C when viewed from the optical axis direction of the visible light camera CA2.
- the light-shielding region A2 emits far-infrared rays other than the region in which the far-infrared transmitting region B is formed. It shields visible light except for the region where the visible light transmission region C is formed.
- a light-shielding region A2a is formed around the far-infrared ray transmitting region B and the visible light transmitting region C. It is preferable that the light-shielding region A2a is provided in the periphery in this way because various sensors are protected from sunlight. Since the wiring of various sensors cannot be seen from the outside of the vehicle, it is also preferable from the viewpoint of design.
- the vehicle glass 1 includes a glass substrate 12 (first glass substrate), a glass substrate 14 (second glass substrate), an intermediate layer 16, and a light-shielding layer 18.
- a glass substrate 12 first glass substrate
- a glass substrate 14 second glass substrate
- an intermediate layer 16 intermediate layer
- a light-shielding layer 18 are laminated in this order in the Z direction.
- the glass substrate 12 and the glass substrate 14 are fixed (bonded) to each other via the intermediate layer 16.
- the glass substrates 12 and 14 for example, soda lime glass, borosilicate glass, aluminosilicate glass and the like can be used.
- the intermediate layer 16 is an adhesive layer that adheres the glass substrate 12 and the glass substrate 14.
- a polyvinyl butyral (hereinafter also referred to as PVB) modifying material, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) -based material, a urethane resin material, a vinyl chloride resin material, or the like can be used.
- the glass substrate 12 includes one surface 12A and the other surface 12B, and the other surface 12B comes into contact with one surface 16A of the intermediate layer 16 and is fixed (adhered) to the intermediate layer 16.
- the glass substrate 14 includes one surface 14A and the other surface 14B, and one surface 14A is in contact with the other surface 16B of the intermediate layer 16 and is fixed (adhered) to the intermediate layer 16. .
- the vehicle glass 1 is a laminated glass in which the glass substrate 12 and the glass substrate 14 are laminated.
- the vehicle glass 1 is not limited to the laminated glass, and may be configured to include, for example, only one of the glass substrate 12 and the glass substrate 14. In this case, the intermediate layer 16 may not be provided either.
- the glass substrates 12 and 14 are not distinguished, they are referred to as glass substrates 10.
- the light-shielding layer 18 includes one surface 18A and the other surface 18B, and one surface 18A is in contact with and fixed to the other surface 14B of the glass substrate 14.
- the light-shielding layer 18 is a layer that shields visible light, and is preferably a layer that shields visible light and ultraviolet light.
- a ceramic light-shielding layer or a light-shielding film can be used as the light-shielding layer.
- a ceramic layer made of a conventionally known material such as a black ceramic layer can be used.
- the light-shielding film for example, a light-shielding polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film, a light-shielding polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) film, a light-shielding polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) film, or the like can be used.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PEN light-shielding polyethylene naphthalate
- PMMA light-shielding polymethylmethacrylate
- the side where the light-shielding layer 18 is provided is the inside side (inside the vehicle) of the vehicle V, and the side where the glass substrate 12 is provided is the outside side (outside the vehicle) of the vehicle V.
- the light-shielding layer 18 may be on the outer side of the vehicle V.
- the glass substrates 12 and 14 are made of laminated glass, the light-shielding layer 18 may be formed between the glass substrate 12 and the glass substrate 14.
- the light-shielding region A2 is formed by providing the light-shielding layer 18 on the glass substrate 10. That is, the light-shielding region A2 is a region where the glass substrate 10 includes the light-shielding layer 18. That is, the light-shielding region A2 is a region in which the glass substrate 12, the intermediate layer 16, the glass substrate 14, and the light-shielding layer 18 are laminated.
- the translucent region A1 is a region where the glass substrate 10 does not have the light-shielding layer 18. That is, the translucent region A1 is a region in which the glass substrate 12, the intermediate layer 16, and the glass substrate 14 are laminated, and the light-shielding layer 18 is not laminated.
- the vehicle glass 1 is formed with an opening 19 penetrating from one surface (here, surface 12A) to the other surface (here, surface 14B) in the Z direction.
- a far-infrared ray transmitting member 20 is provided in the opening 19.
- the region where the opening 19 is formed and the far-infrared ray transmitting member 20 is provided is the far-infrared ray transmitting region B. That is, the far-infrared ray transmitting region B is a region in which the opening portion 19 and the far-infrared ray transmitting member 20 arranged in the opening portion 19 are provided.
- the light-shielding layer 18 does not transmit far infrared rays, the light-shielding layer 18 is not provided in the far-infrared ray transmitting region B. That is, in the far-infrared ray transmitting region B, the glass substrate 12, the intermediate layer 16, the glass substrate 14, and the light-shielding layer 18 are not provided, and the far-infrared ray transmitting member 20 is provided in the formed opening 19. ..
- the far-infrared ray transmitting member 20 will be described later. It can be said that the vehicle glass 1 includes a glass substrate 10 and a far-infrared ray transmitting member 20 provided in the opening 19 of the glass substrate 10.
- the glass substrate 10 can also be referred to as a portion of the vehicle glass 1 that constitutes the window glass.
- the glass substrate 10 includes the glass substrate 12, 14, the intermediate layer 16, and the light-shielding layer 18. It may be called the substrate 10.
- the glass substrate 10 may include at least one of the glass substrate 12 and the glass substrate 14.
- the visible light transmission region C is a region in which the glass substrate 10 does not have the light shielding layer 18 in the Z direction, similarly to the light transmission region A1. That is, the visible light transmission region C is a region in which the glass substrate 12, the intermediate layer 16, and the glass substrate 14 are laminated, and the light-shielding layer 18 is not laminated.
- the visible light transmission region C is preferably provided in the vicinity of the far infrared transmission region B.
- the center of the far infrared ray transmitting region B seen from the Z direction is set as the center point OB
- the center of the visible light transmitting region C seen from the Z direction is set as the center point OC.
- the distance L is preferably larger than 0 mm and 100 mm or less. It is more preferably 10 mm or more and 80 mm or less.
- the relationship with one of the transparent regions C is shown.
- the far infrared camera CA1 and the visible light camera CA2 can appropriately capture an image while suppressing the amount of fluoroscopic distortion in the light transmission region C.
- the visible light transmission region C and the far infrared transmission region B are located side by side in the X direction. That is, it is preferable that the visible light transmission region C is not located on the Y direction side of the far infrared transmission region B and is aligned with the far infrared transmission region B in the X direction.
- the visible light transmission region C can be arranged in the vicinity of the upper edge portion 1a. Therefore, the driver's field of view in the translucent region A1 can be appropriately secured.
- the fact that they are arranged side by side in the X direction indicates that they are in the range of ⁇ 50 mm with respect to the Y direction.
- the far-infrared ray transmitting member 20 is a member that transmits far-infrared rays. As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, it is preferable that the far-infrared ray transmitting member 20 has a vehicle outer surface formed flush with (continuously) with the vehicle outer surface of the light-shielding region A2. In other words, the vehicle outer surface 20a of the far-infrared ray transmitting member 20 is attached so as to be continuous with the surface 12A of the glass substrate 12.
- the far-infrared ray transmitting member 20 is preferably formed according to the curved surface shape of the applied vehicle glass 1.
- the molding method of the far-infrared ray transmitting member 20 is not particularly limited, but polishing or molding is selected depending on the curved surface shape and the member.
- the shape of the far-infrared ray transmitting member 20 is not particularly limited, but it is preferably a plate-like shape that matches the shape of the opening 19. That is, for example, when the opening 19 is circular, the far-infrared ray transmitting member 20 is preferably disc-shaped (cylindrical). Further, from the viewpoint of design, the surface shape of the far-infrared ray transmitting member 20 on the outside of the vehicle may be processed so as to match the curvature of the outer surface shape of the glass substrate 12. Further, the far-infrared transmissive member 20 may have a lens shape for the purpose of achieving both a wide viewing angle of the far-infrared camera CA1 and an improvement in mechanical characteristics.
- the number of lens-shaped far-infrared ray transmitting members 20 is preferably 1 to 3, and typically 2 is preferable. Further, it is particularly preferable that the lens-shaped far-infrared transmissive member 20 is pre-aligned and modularized, and is integrated with a housing or a bracket for adhering the far-infrared camera CA1 to the vehicle glass 1.
- the area of the opening 19 on the inner surface of the vehicle is the area of the opening 19 on the outer surface of the vehicle, as shown in FIG. 3A. It is preferable to have a smaller configuration. With such a configuration, the strength against an impact from the outside of the vehicle is improved. In this case, the shape of the far-infrared ray transmitting member 20 may match the opening 19 on the outer side of the vehicle. Furthermore, when the vehicle glass 1 of the present embodiment is a laminated glass including a glass substrate 12 (outside the vehicle) and a glass substrate 14 (inside the vehicle), the opening 19 is the opening 12a of the glass substrate 12.
- the opening 14a of the glass substrate 14 are formed so as to overlap each other.
- the area of the opening 12a of the glass substrate 12 is made larger than the area of the opening 14a of the glass substrate 14, and the far-infrared transmissive member 20 that matches the size of the opening 12a of the glass substrate 12 is attached to the glass substrate 12. It may be arranged in the opening 12a.
- the structure of FIG. 3A can be realized, for example, by accurately processing the positions and sizes of the opening 12a of the glass substrate 12 and the opening 14a of the glass substrate 14 and laminating them so that the positional deviation is reduced.
- the opening 19 as shown in FIGS.
- the area of the opening 19 on the outer surface of the vehicle may be smaller than the area of the opening 19 on the inner surface of the vehicle.
- the shape of the far-infrared ray transmitting member 20 may be matched to the opening 19 on the outer side of the vehicle.
- the vehicle glass 1 of the present embodiment is a laminated glass including a glass substrate 12 (outside the vehicle) and a glass substrate 14 (inside the vehicle)
- the opening 19 is the opening 12a of the glass substrate 12.
- the opening 14a of the glass substrate 14 are formed so as to overlap each other.
- the area of the opening 14a of the glass substrate 14 is made larger than the area of the opening 12a of the glass substrate 12, and the far-infrared transmissive member 20 that matches the size of the opening 12a of the glass substrate 12 is attached to the glass substrate 12. It may be arranged in the opening 12a.
- the rotation axis deviation (for convenience, the deviation of the center position) between the central axis of the opening 12a formed in the glass substrate 12 and the opening 14a formed in the glass substrate 14 and the glass surface is as small as possible. It is preferable that the size is small because the outer peripheral width of the frame member 52, which will be described later, can be narrowed, a preferable appearance can be obtained, and the area of the opening 19 of the far infrared transmitting member 20 can be increased.
- the length D1 of the longest straight line among the straight lines connecting arbitrary two points on the outer surface of the vehicle is 100 mm or less in the far infrared ray transmitting member 20. .. It is more preferably 80 mm or less.
- the length D1 is more preferably 60 mm or less, and particularly preferably 55 mm or less.
- the length D1 is preferably 45 mm or more. It can be said that the length D1 is preferably 45 mm or more and 100 mm or less, more preferably 45 mm or more and 80 mm or less, more preferably 45 mm or more and 60 mm or less, and more preferably 45 mm or more and 55 mm or less.
- the opening 19 of the far-infrared ray transmitting region B is located on the edge of any two points in the outer surface of the vehicle (here, the opening 19 on the surface 12A side of the opening 19). It is preferable that the length D2 of the longest straight line among the straight lines connecting any two points) is 110 mm or less.
- the length D2 is more preferably 85 mm or less, further preferably 65 mm or less, and particularly preferably 60 mm or less. Further, the length D2 is preferably 50 mm or more.
- the length D2 is preferably 50 mm or more and 110 mm or less, more preferably 50 mm or more and 85 mm or less, more preferably 50 mm or more and 65 mm or less, and more preferably 50 mm or more and 60 mm or less.
- the length D2 can be said to be the length of the longest straight line connecting arbitrary two points on the outer periphery of the opening 19 on the vehicle outer surface (surface 12A) of the vehicle glass 1.
- the lengths D1 and D2 correspond to the diameter of the outer surface of the vehicle when the shape of the outer surface of the far infrared ray transmitting member 20 is circular. Further, the lengths D1 and D2 here refer to the length in a state where the vehicle glass 1 is mounted on the vehicle V. For example, when the glass is bent to form a shape to be mounted on the vehicle V, the length is long. D1 and D2 are the lengths in the state after bending. The explanation of the dimensions and positions other than the lengths D1 and D2 is the same unless otherwise specified.
- the far-infrared ray transmitting member 20 includes a base material 22 which is a member capable of transmitting far-infrared rays.
- the substrate 22 has an internal transmittance of 50% or more, more preferably 60% or more, and even more preferably 70% or more with respect to light (far infrared rays) having a wavelength of 10 ⁇ m.
- the base material 22 preferably has an average internal transmittance of 50% or more, more preferably 60% or more, and more preferably 70% or more with respect to light (far infrared rays) having a wavelength of 8 ⁇ m to 13 ⁇ m. More preferred.
- the average internal transmittance is the average value of the internal transmittance for light of each wavelength in the wavelength band (here, 8 ⁇ m to 12 ⁇ m).
- the internal transmittance of the base material 22 is the transmittance excluding the surface reflection loss on the incident side and the emitted side, which is well known in the art and may be measured by a method usually performed. The measurement is performed, for example, as follows.
- first sample and second sample made of substrates having the same composition and different in thickness. Both sides of the flat sample shall be parallel to each other and optically polished flat surfaces.
- the external transmittance including the surface transmittance loss of the first sample is T1
- the external transmittance including the surface transmittance loss of the second sample is T2
- the thickness of the first sample is Td1 (mm)
- the thickness of the second sample Is Td2 (mm)
- Td1 ⁇ Td2 the internal transmittance ⁇ at the thickness Tdx (mm) can be calculated by the following equation (1).
- the external transmittance of infrared rays can be measured by, for example, a Fourier transform infrared spectroscope (manufactured by Thermo Scientific, trade name: Nicolet iS10).
- the base material 22 preferably has a refractive index of 1.5 or more and 4.0 or less, more preferably 2.0 or more and 4.0 or less, with respect to light having a wavelength of 10 ⁇ m, 2.2 or more and 3.5. The following is more preferable.
- the refractive index of the base material 22 is within this numerical range, far infrared rays can be appropriately transmitted, and for example, the performance of the far infrared camera CA1 can be fully exhibited.
- the refractive index is optically determined by using, for example, the polarization information obtained by an infrared spectroscopic ellipsometer (IR-VASE-UT manufactured by JA Woolam) and the spectral transmission spectrum obtained by a Fourier transform infrared spectroscope. It can be determined by fitting the model.
- the thickness D0 of the base material 22 is preferably 1.5 mm or more and 5 mm or less, more preferably 1.7 mm or more and 4 mm or less, and further preferably 1.8 mm or more and 3 mm or less. When the thickness D0 is in this range, far infrared rays can be appropriately transmitted while ensuring the strength.
- the material of the base material 22 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include Si, Ge, ZnS, and chalcogenite glass. It can be said that the base material 22 preferably contains at least one material selected from the group of Si, Ge, ZnS, and chalcogenite glass. By using such a material for the base material 22, far infrared rays can be appropriately transmitted.
- the preferred composition of chalcogenite glass is In atomic% display, Ge + Ga; 7% -25%, Sb; 0% -35%, Bi; 0% to 20%, Zn; 0% to 20%, Sn; 0% to 20%, Si; 0% to 20%, La; 0% to 20%, S + Se + Te; 55% -80%, Ti; 0.005% -0.3%, Li + Na + K + Cs; 0% to 20%, F + Cl + Br + I; a composition containing 0% to 20%.
- the glass preferably has a glass transition point (Tg) of 140 ° C to 550 ° C.
- Si or ZnS As the material of the base material 22.
- the far-infrared ray transmitting member 20 may be provided with a frame member 52 (not shown) on the outer peripheral edge and may be attached to the opening 19 via the frame member 52.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing an example of a state in which the vehicle glass is attached to the vehicle. Even when a collision object collides from the outside of the vehicle, the glass substrate 10 has a structure in which, for example, the presence of the intermediate layer 16 absorbs the impact and makes it difficult for the collision object to penetrate.
- the far-infrared ray transmitting member 20 is provided in the opening 19 formed in the glass substrate 10, and is located at a position not overlapping the glass substrate 10 when viewed from the Z direction.
- the vehicle glass 1 according to the present embodiment is provided with the protective member 40 inside the far-infrared ray transmitting member 20 so that the protective member 40 can penetrate the far-infrared ray transmitting member 20 even when a collision object penetrates the far-infrared ray transmitting member 20. It is possible to hold the collision object and prevent the collision object from reaching the driver's seat. Furthermore, in the event of a vehicle collision, it prevents occupants and objects from the inside of the vehicle from breaking through the window and jumping out of the vehicle.
- a specific configuration of the vehicle glass 1 of the present embodiment will be described.
- the vehicle glass 1 is attached to the vehicle V so as to be inclined with respect to the vertical direction. Therefore, assuming that the direction along the lower side in the vertical direction is the direction YV, the direction Y of the vehicle glass 1 in the state of being attached to the vehicle V is inclined with respect to the direction YV, and the vehicle of the far infrared ray transmitting member 20 The outer surface 20a is also inclined with respect to the direction YV. Further, assuming that the direction ZV is the horizontal direction from the front to the rear of the vehicle V, the direction Z of the vehicle glass 1 in the state of being attached to the vehicle V is inclined with respect to the direction ZV.
- the perpendicular line AX orthogonal to the surface 20a of the far-infrared transmitting member 20 is also inclined with respect to the direction ZV.
- the vehicle glass 1 is not limited to being attached to the vehicle V so as to be inclined with respect to the vertical direction.
- the surface 20a of 20 may be along the direction YV
- the direction Z or the vertical line AX of the vehicle glass 1 attached to the vehicle V may be along the direction ZV.
- the far-infrared camera CA1 is provided in the vehicle V.
- the far-infrared camera CA1 is provided inside the vehicle from the far-infrared transmitting member 20 of the vehicle glass 1, that is, on the direction ZV side (direction Z side) of the far-infrared transmitting member 20.
- the far-infrared camera CA1 is provided so that the optical axis AXR passes through the far-infrared transmitting member 20.
- the far-infrared camera CA1 is provided so that the detection range R passes through the far-infrared transmissive member 20.
- the detection range R refers to a range (imaging range) that can be detected by the far-infrared camera CA1, and it can be said that the far-infrared camera CA1 receives and detects far-infrared rays that are incident through the detection range R. It can be said that the detection range R is a space that expands around the optical axis AXR at a predetermined viewing angle as the distance from the far-infrared camera CA1 increases. The size and viewing angle of the detection range R may be appropriately set depending on the distance and range desired to be detected by the far-infrared camera.
- the optical axis AXR is tilted with respect to the perpendicular line AX of the far-infrared transmissive member 20. That is, the optical axis AXR of the far-infrared camera CA1 is not along the surface 20a of the far-infrared transmitting member 20 and is not orthogonal to the surface 20a of the far-infrared transmitting member 20.
- the angle formed by the optical axis AXR and the direction ZV may be smaller than the angle formed by the perpendicular line AX of the far infrared ray transmitting member 20 and the direction ZV.
- the relationship between the optical axis AXR and the perpendicular line AX is not limited to this.
- the far-infrared camera CA1 may be provided so that the optical axis AXR is along the perpendicular line AX of the far-infrared transmitting member 20.
- the vehicle glass 1 has a cover portion 30 and a protective member in addition to the glass substrate 10 and the far-infrared ray transmitting member 20 provided in the opening 19 of the glass substrate 10. It has 40 and.
- the far-infrared camera CA1 may be treated as being included in the vehicle glass 1 or may be treated as a separate body from the vehicle glass 1. Further, for example, the far-infrared camera CA1, the cover portion 30, and the protective member 40 may form a camera unit U to be attached to the vehicle glass 1 (glass substrate 10).
- the cover portion 30 is provided in the vehicle V and houses the housing 32 and the fixing portion 34.
- the cover portion 30 is provided inside the vehicle from the far-infrared transmitting member 20 of the vehicle glass 1, that is, on the ZV side (direction Z side) of the far-infrared transmitting member 20.
- the housing 32 is preferably larger than the far-infrared ray transmitting member 20.
- the cover portion 30 includes a housing 32 and a fixing portion 34.
- the housing 32 houses the far-infrared camera CA1 and the protective member 40 inside.
- the far-infrared camera CA1 may be arranged in the housing 32 in a state of being fixed by a bracket (not shown).
- the housing 32 is attached to the glass substrate 10 so that one surface side is open and the opening side faces the surface 10B inside the vehicle of the glass substrate 10.
- the fixing portion 34 is provided on the housing 32 and is a member for fixing the housing 32 to the glass substrate 10. The fixing portion 34 fixes the housing 32 to the glass substrate 10 with the opening side of the housing 32 facing the surface 10B of the glass substrate 10.
- the cover portion 30 may be made of any material, but may be, for example, a resin member that does not transmit visible light. Further, the cover portion 30 can prevent the far-infrared camera CA1 and the like from being visually recognized by the occupants of the vehicle V and the like.
- the cover portion 30 is not an indispensable configuration, and the far-infrared camera CA1 and the protective member 40 may not be housed in the cover portion 30. Further, the cover portion 30 may have an integrated structure in which not only the far-infrared camera CA1 but also the visible light camera CA2 and other devices are housed. Further, a heater or the like may be provided in the cover portion 30 in order to prevent fogging of the glass substrate 10 and the far infrared ray transmitting member 20 inside the vehicle and to provide a snow melting function.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the far-infrared ray transmitting member viewed from the outside of the vehicle in the vertical direction.
- the protective member 40 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6.
- the protective member 40 is provided inside the vehicle (direction ZV side) with respect to the far infrared ray transmitting member 20.
- the protective member 40 is attached to at least a part of the far infrared ray transmitting member 20 when viewed from a direction along the perpendicular line AX (a direction orthogonal to the surface 20a of the far infrared ray transmitting member 20). overlapping.
- the protective member 40 is provided on the outside of the vehicle (on the side opposite to the direction ZV) of the far-infrared camera CA1 and is within the detection range R of the far-infrared camera CA1. It is preferable that they are provided at positions where they do not overlap. That is, it is preferable that the protective member 40 does not interfere with the detection range R and is located outside the detection range R. As a result, it is possible to prevent the far-infrared rays incident on the far-infrared camera CA1 from being blocked by the protective member 40, and it is possible to suppress a decrease in the detection accuracy of the far-infrared rays.
- the protective member 40 includes a surface portion 42, a protruding portion 44, and a fixing portion 46.
- the surface portion 42 is provided at a position overlapping with at least a part of the far-infrared ray transmitting member 20 when viewed from a direction along the perpendicular line AX. It is preferable that the surface portion 42 overlaps the area of 30% or more of the entire area of the far-infrared ray transmitting member 20 when viewed from the direction along the perpendicular line AX.
- the area of the superimposed area is the entire area of the far-infrared transmitting member 20. It is preferably 30% or more with respect to the area of. If the area of the superposed region is 30% or more of the area of the entire area of the far-infrared transmitting member 20, even if the collision object penetrates the far-infrared transmitting member 20, the protective member can sufficiently absorb the collision energy. ..
- the area of the superimposed region is more preferably 35% or more, and further preferably 40% or more with respect to the area of the entire area of the far infrared ray transmitting member 20.
- the area of the superimposed region is 100% with respect to the entire area of the far-infrared transmissive member 20. (That is, it is preferable that the surface portion 42 overlaps the entire area of the far infrared ray transmitting member 20 when viewed from the direction along the perpendicular line AX).
- the area of the superimposed region may be less than 90% of the area of the entire area of the far infrared ray transmitting member 20. If the area of the superimposed region is less than 90% of the area of the entire area of the far infrared ray transmitting member 20, the protective member 40 may not interfere with the detection range R. Further, the area of the superimposed region is more preferably 85% or less, still more preferably 80% or less with respect to the area of the entire area of the far infrared ray transmitting member 20. When the area of the overlapping region is within this range, it is possible to suitably suppress the collision object penetrating the far infrared ray transmitting member 20 from reaching the driver's seat.
- the area of the superimposed region may be 100%, preferably 30% or more and 100% or less, and 35% or more and less than 90% with respect to the area of the entire area of the heavy far infrared ray transmitting member 20. It may be 40% or more and 85% or less, and may be 40% or more and 80% or less.
- the protective member 40 may be meshed or punched 40PRa for the purpose of weight reduction, shock absorption, etc. In other words, even if the opening 40PRa is formed on the surface portion 42 of the protective member 40. good.
- the area of the opening 40PRa is also included in the area of the overlapping region of the protective member 40. In other words, in the entire area of the far-infrared ray transmitting member 20, the region overlapping the portion where the opening 40PRa of the surface portion 42 is not formed and the region overlapping the portion where the opening 40PRa of the surface portion 42 is formed are combined.
- the region (in other words, the region overlapping the region surrounded by the peripheral edge of the protective member 40 in the entire region of the far infrared ray transmitting member 20) is defined as the superimposed region.
- the area of each opening 40PRa is preferably ⁇ 10 mm or less in terms of diameter.
- the area of the opening 40PRa is preferably ⁇ 8 mm or less, more preferably ⁇ 5 mm or less. For example, when the area is ⁇ 10 mm or less in terms of diameter, it means that the area is not more than the area of a circle having a diameter of 10 mm.
- the surface portion 42 is provided at a position that does not overlap with the detection range R of the far-infrared camera CA1.
- the position is located on the YV side (downward side in the vertical direction) of the detection range R.
- the surface portion 42 is vertically lower than the far-infrared camera CA1. That is, in the present embodiment, it can be said that the surface portion 42 is located on the YV direction (downward side in the vertical direction) and outside the vehicle (opposite side to the ZV direction) with respect to the far infrared camera CA1.
- the surface portion 42 is a plate-shaped member and extends from the end portion 42B to the end portion 42A.
- the surface portion 42 is planar in this embodiment.
- the end portion 42B is an end portion of the surface portion 42 on the direction ZV side (outside the vehicle), and the end portion 42A is an end portion on the side opposite to the direction ZV of the surface portion 42 (inside the vehicle).
- the end portion 42B is the end portion of the surface portion 42 on the far side from the far infrared camera CA1
- the end portion 42A is the end portion of the surface portion 42 on the side close to the far infrared camera CA1.
- the shape of the surface portion 42 may be arbitrary, and may be a curved surface shape or not a plate shape, for example.
- the surface 42a on the far infrared ray transmitting member 20 side is inclined with respect to the direction YV (horizontal direction).
- the surface portion 42 is inclined with respect to the direction YV from the end portion 42B toward the end portion 42A so that the surface portion 42a faces the direction opposite to the direction YV, that is, toward the upper side in the vertical direction.
- the surface portion 42 of the surface portion 42 is inclined with respect to the direction ZV (vertical direction).
- the surface portion 42 faces the direction ZV from the lower end portion 42B in the vertical direction toward the upper end portion 42A in the vertical direction so that the surface 42a faces the direction YV side, that is, the far infrared camera CA1 side. It can be said that it is tilted.
- the surface portion 42 is inclined with respect to the direction YV and the direction ZV so as to face the direction ZV side while facing the direction opposite to the direction YV from the end portion 42B toward the end portion 42A. Furthermore, the surface portion 42 is attached to the far-infrared transmissive member 20 so that the surface 42a separates from the far-infrared transmissive member 20 toward the end portion 42A from the end portion 42B, that is, toward the far-infrared camera CA1 side. On the other hand, it is provided at an angle.
- the angle formed by the straight line along the surface 42a on the far infrared transmitting member 20 side of the surface portion 42 and the horizontal direction (direction ZV) is the straight line and the horizontal direction (direction ZV) along the surface 20a of the far infrared transmitting member 20. ) Is smaller than the angle formed by.
- the orientation of the surface portion 42 is not limited to the above description and is arbitrary.
- the width of the surface portion 42 which is the length in the X direction, becomes smaller from the end portion 42B toward the end portion 42A, that is, toward the far infrared camera CA1 side. ing.
- the width of the surface portion 42 is not limited to this.
- the projecting portions 44 project from both ends of the surface portion 42 in the X direction toward the glass substrate 10 side (outside the vehicle).
- the protrusion 44 is formed so as to spread outward toward the tip on the glass substrate 10 side, that is, away from the surface portion 42 in the X direction.
- the fixing portion 46 is formed at the tip of the protruding portion 44 on the glass substrate 10 side.
- the fixing portion 46 is fixed to the surface 10B inside the vehicle of the glass substrate 10. That is, the protective member 40 is fixed to the glass substrate 10 via the fixing portion 46.
- the protruding portion 44 and the fixed portion 46 are also provided at positions that do not overlap with the detection range R of the far infrared camera CA1.
- the shapes of the protruding portion 44 and the fixed portion 46 are not limited to the above, and may be any shape. Further, for example, as shown in FIG. 9 described later, by providing the fixing portion 46 of the glass substrate 10 with the surface 10B inside the vehicle in a direction far from the far infrared camera CA1, the glass surface 10B and the protective member 40 can be combined. Can be fixed more firmly. That is, the fixed portion 46 (fixed portion 46PR in the example of FIG. 9) is on the side farther from the far infrared camera CA1 (direction Y in the example of FIG. 9) with respect to the surface portion 42 (surface portion 42PR in the example of FIG. 9). It may be provided on the side).
- the fixed portion 46 is located on both sides of the surface portion 42 (in the example of FIG. 9, the side in the X direction and the side opposite to the X direction) and the side far from the far infrared camera CA1 with respect to the surface portion 42. (In the example of FIG. 9, the Y direction side), it is preferable to provide three.
- the glass surface 10B and the protective member 40 are preferably fixed via the adhesive layer 53.
- the material of the adhesive layer 53 is arbitrary, but it is preferable that the adhesive layer 53 is made of a commercially available adhesive tape and / or a cured product of a liquid curable adhesive in terms of viscoelasticity of the adhesive layer 53.
- the material of the curable adhesive examples include urethane-based adhesives and silicone-based adhesives.
- the adhesive layer 53 contains a cured product of a modified silicone adhesive
- the protective member 40 and the glass surface 10B can be firmly fixed even under low temperature conditions where the adhesive force of the adhesive layer is lowered and the adhesive layer is easily peeled off, which is preferable. ..
- the material of the protective member 40 is arbitrary, but it is preferably made of a material having a higher breaking strength than the far-infrared ray transmitting member 20. Further, the protective member 40 is preferably made of a material having a higher breaking strength than the cover portion 30. Examples of the material of the protective member 40 include stainless steel, aluminum alloy, copper alloy, rolled steel plate, and fiber reinforced resin. Examples of the fiber reinforced resin include glass reinforced polycarbonate and the like.
- the breaking strength may be, for example, a value obtained by dividing the load when the test piece is broken when the tensile strength test is performed with JIS Z2241 by the minimum cross-sectional area of the broken portion.
- the protective member 40 is made of metal, for example, it is preferable that the surface thereof is matted. That is, it is preferable that the protective member 40 has a matte treatment layer formed on the surface thereof.
- the matte treatment layer include a blast treatment and a plating treatment.
- the arithmetic mean roughness Ra specified in JIS B 0601: 2001 of the protective member 40 is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or more, and more preferably 0.2 ⁇ m or more.
- FIG. 7 shows another aspect of the protective member 40.
- FIG. 7 shows a case where the size of the opening of the inner glass is larger than that of the outer glass, and the protective member (a part of the protective member 40 and corresponds to the fixing portion 46) from the inside of the far infrared ray transmitting member 20. It is a schematic diagram when the part) is bonded.
- the protective member 40 is provided with an opening 40a having a shape smaller than the area of the opening 14a of the glass substrate 14 and having a shape that does not block the portion through which far infrared rays are transmitted.
- the far-infrared ray transmitting member 20 and the frame member 52 may have a structure in which the joint strength is increased so that the frame member 52 does not come off when pushed from the outside. More specifically, the protective member 40 penetrates in the Z direction to form an opening 40a whose area when viewed from the Z direction is smaller than the area of the opening 14a.
- the protective member 40 has the glass substrate 10 so that the opening 40a overlaps with the opening 19 of the glass substrate 10 (here, the opening 12a of the glass substrate 12 and the opening 14a of the glass substrate 14) when viewed from the Z direction. It is attached to the Z direction side (here, the Z direction side of the glass substrate 14).
- the far-infrared ray transmitting member 20 is provided with a frame member 52 on the outer peripheral edge and is attached to the opening 19 (the opening 12a of the glass substrate 12 in the example of FIG. 7) via the frame member 52. It is preferable to be.
- the inner peripheral surface of the frame member 52 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the far infrared ray transmitting member 20, and the outer peripheral surface is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the opening 19 (opening 12a in the example of FIG. 7).
- the surface of the protective member 40 opposite to the Z direction is fixed to the end surface of the frame member 52 on the Z direction via the adhesive layer 53.
- the opening 40a is in a position where the protective member 40 is attached to the glass substrate 10 and does not block the portion through which far infrared rays are transmitted.
- the inner peripheral surface of the opening 40a is positioned radially outside the vertical line AX as the central axis, rather than at least one of the inner peripheral surface of the frame member 52 and the inner peripheral surface of the adhesive layer 53.
- the size of the opening 40a is not limited to this.
- the protective member 40 shown in FIGS. 5, 6 and 12 may be used in combination with the protective member 40 shown in FIG. 7.
- the frame member 52 is not limited to being mounted only in the case where the protective member 40 having the opening 40a as shown in FIG. 7 is provided, and is mounted in the case where the protective member 40 having an arbitrary shape is provided. May be done.
- the vehicle glass 1 includes a light-shielding region A2, and an opening 19 and a far-infrared ray transmitting member 20 arranged in the opening 19 are provided in the light-shielding region A2.
- a far-infrared ray transmitting region B is formed.
- the vehicle glass 1 is further provided inside the vehicle with respect to the far-infrared ray transmitting member 20, and when viewed from a direction orthogonal to the surface 20a on the outside of the vehicle of the far-infrared ray transmitting member 20 (direction along the vertical line AX). It has a protective member 40 that overlaps at least a part of the far infrared ray transmitting member 20.
- the vehicle glass 1 provided with the far infrared ray transmitting member 20 in the opening 19 penetrates the far infrared ray transmitting member 20 and operates. It may reach the seat side.
- the protective member 40 that overlaps at least a part of the far infrared ray transmitting member 20, even if the colliding object penetrates the far infrared ray transmitting member 20, the colliding object is protected by the protective member 40. By catching it, it is possible to prevent the colliding object from reaching the driver's seat side.
- a vehicle collides it is possible to prevent occupants and objects from the indoor side from breaking through the window and jumping out of the vehicle.
- the protective member 40 overlaps the area of 30% or more of the entire area of the far infrared ray transmitting member 20 when viewed from the direction orthogonal to the vehicle outer surface 20a of the far infrared ray transmitting member 20.
- the protective member 40 overlaps the protective member 40 with the far-infrared ray transmitting member 20 in this range, it is possible to appropriately receive the collision object and prevent the collision object from reaching the driver's seat side.
- a vehicle collides it is possible to prevent occupants and objects from the indoor side from breaking through the window and jumping out of the vehicle.
- the far-infrared camera CA1 is mounted inside the vehicle from the far-infrared transmissive member 20, and the protective member 40 is outside the vehicle from the far-infrared camera CA1 to detect the far-infrared camera CA1. It is preferable that it is provided at a position that does not overlap with the range R.
- the vehicle glass 1 according to the present embodiment is a far-infrared camera by providing the protective member 40 at a position that does not overlap with the detection range R while suppressing the collision object from reaching the driver's seat side by the protective member 40. It is possible to prevent the far infrared rays incident on the CA1 from being blocked by the protective member 40, and to suppress a decrease in the detection accuracy of the far infrared rays.
- the protective member 40 includes a surface portion 42 overlapping the far infrared ray transmitting member 20, a projecting portion 44, and a fixing portion 46, and is fixed to the inner surface of the glass substrate 10 via the fixing portion 46. It is preferable that the surface portion 42 is provided so as to be inclined with respect to the far-infrared transmitting member 20 so as to be separated from the far-infrared transmitting member 20 toward the far-infrared camera CA1 side. By inclining the surface portion 42 in this way, the protective member 40 can increase the area overlapping with the far-infrared transmitting member 20 and not overlap with the detection range R of the far-infrared camera CA1.
- the width of the surface portion 42 of the protective member 40 overlapping the far-infrared transmissive member 20 becomes smaller toward the far-infrared camera CA1 side. This makes it possible for the protective member 40 to widen the area that overlaps with the far-infrared transmissive member 20 and not overlap with the detection range R of the far-infrared camera CA1.
- the vehicle glass 1 is provided inside the vehicle rather than the far-infrared transmitting member 20, and further includes a protective member 40 and a cover portion 30 for accommodating the far-infrared camera CA1.
- the cover portion 30 the protective member 40 and the far-infrared camera CA1 can be appropriately stored.
- the protective member 40 is made of a material having a higher breaking strength than the far infrared ray transmitting member 20. As a result, the protective member 40 can appropriately prevent the colliding object from reaching the driver's seat side. In addition, when a vehicle collides, it is possible to prevent occupants and objects from the indoor side from breaking through the window and jumping out of the vehicle.
- the material of the protective member 40 is preferably one selected from stainless steel, aluminum alloy, copper alloy, rolled steel plate and fiber reinforced resin.
- the protective member 40 can appropriately prevent the colliding object from reaching the driver's seat side.
- the adhesiveness between the adhesive layer 53 and the protective member 40 can be improved by performing a blast treatment on the fixed portion 46, which is the adhesive surface with the glass substrate 10, before applying the adhesive. As a result, it is possible to prevent the protective member 40 from coming off the glass substrate 10 in the event of a collision.
- the far-infrared ray transmitting member 20 preferably contains a base material 22 composed of at least one material selected from the group of Si, Ge, ZnS, and chalcogenite glass.
- the base material 22 is used as such a material, the vehicle glass 1 can appropriately transmit far infrared rays.
- the far-infrared ray transmitting member 20 may include a layer other than the base material 22.
- the far-infrared ray transmitting member 20 may have an antireflection film (AR film) that suppresses the reflection of far-infrared rays on at least one side of the inner surface of the base material 22 and the outer surface of the vehicle. ..
- the antireflection film may have an arbitrary structure, but for example, it may have a structure in which high refractive index layers and low refractive index layers are alternately laminated.
- the antireflection film may be a high-refractive index layer and a low-refractive index layer laminated one by one, or may be laminated in a plurality of layers.
- the high refractive index layer is a film having a high refractive index with respect to far infrared rays, and the refractive index with respect to light having a wavelength of 10 ⁇ m is preferably 2.5 or more and 4.5 or less, preferably 3.0 or more and 4.5 or less. It is more preferable that it is 3.3 or more and 4.3 or less.
- the material of the high refractive index layer may be arbitrary, but a material containing at least one material selected from the group of Si and Ge as a main component, diamond-like carbon (DLC), ZnSe, As 2 S 3 , and the like. As 2 Se 3 and the like can be mentioned.
- the low refractive index layer is a film having a low refractive index with respect to far infrared rays, and the refractive index with respect to light having a wavelength of 10 ⁇ m is preferably 0.8 or more and 2.0 or less, and 1.0 or more and 1.7 or less. Is more preferable, and 1.0 or more and 1.5 or less is further preferable.
- the material of the low refractive index layer may be arbitrary, and may be, for example, ZnS, a metal oxide (for example, SiO x , Al 2 O 3 , NiO x , CuO x , ZnO, ZrO 2 , Bi 2 O 3 , Y 2 O 3 ).
- fluoride metals eg, MgF 2 , CaF 2 , SrF 2 , BaF 2 , PbF 2 , LaF 3 , YF 3 , etc.
- fluoride metals eg, MgF 2 , CaF 2 , SrF 2 , BaF 2 , PbF 2 , LaF 3 , YF 3 , etc.
- the far-infrared ray transmitting member 20 may have a visible light absorption layer formed on at least one side of the inner surface of the base material 22 and the outer surface of the vehicle.
- the visible light absorption layer is a layer that absorbs visible light.
- the visible light absorption layer preferably has an extinction coefficient of light having a wavelength of 550 nm of 0.04 or more, more preferably 0.05 or more, further preferably 0.06 or more, and 0. It is more preferably 07 or more, further preferably 0.08 or more, and even more preferably 0.10 or more.
- the visible light absorption layer preferably has an average extinction coefficient of 0.04 or more, more preferably 0.05 or more, and more preferably 0.06 or more for light having a wavelength of 380 nm to 780 nm. It is more preferably 0.07 or more, further preferably 0.08 or more, and even more preferably 0.10 or more.
- the visible light absorption layer is capable of transmitting far infrared rays.
- the visible light absorption layer preferably has an extinction coefficient with respect to light having a wavelength of 10 ⁇ m of 0.1 or less, more preferably 0.05 or less, and further preferably 0.02 or less.
- the material of the visible light absorption layer is arbitrary, but it is preferable to use a metal oxide as a main component.
- the main component here may mean that the content of the visible light absorption layer with respect to the whole is 50% by mass or more.
- the metal oxide used for the visible light absorbing layer at least one of nickel oxide (NiO x ), copper oxide (CuO x ), and manganese oxide (MnO x ) is preferable.
- the visible light absorption layer preferably contains at least one material selected from the group of NiO x , CuO x , and MnO x as a main component.
- the visible light absorption layer contains NiO x as a main component or at least one material selected from the group of CuO x and MnO x as a main component.
- NiO x As a main component or at least one material selected from the group of CuO x and MnO x as a main component.
- nickel oxide, copper oxide, and manganese oxide have a plurality of compositions depending on the valences of nickel, copper, and manganese, and x takes an arbitrary value of 0.5 to 2. Can be done. Further, the valence does not have to be single, and two or more kinds of valences may be mixed.
- NiO as the NiO x , preferably CuO as the CuO x , and preferably use MnO as the MnO x .
- the material of the visible light absorption layer is not limited to these, and may be any, for example, diamond-like carbon (DLC).
- a protective film may be formed on the outermost surface of the far-infrared ray transmitting member 20.
- the protective film preferably contains, for example, at least one material selected from the group of ZrO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , TIO 2 , Si 3 N 4 , Al N, and diamond-like carbon (DLC).
- DLC diamond-like carbon
- FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing an example of the shape of the inner surface of the opening.
- it is important to suppress the center misalignment of the opening 12a of the glass substrate 12 and the opening 14a of the glass substrate 14. From the viewpoint of suppressing the center position shift, it is preferable to simultaneously process the opening 12a of the glass substrate 12 of the laminated glass laminated in advance and the opening 14a of the glass substrate 14.
- the viewpoint of the strength of the opening 19 in order to increase the strength of the inner surface of the opening 19 against bending stress, as shown in FIG. 8, the inner surface of the opening 19 is smoothly processed, and further, the opening 19 and the glass.
- the boundary portion with the substrate 12 It is preferable to chamfer finish the boundary portion with the substrate 12 and provide the chamfered portion Zc.
- the opening 12a of the pre-laminated laminated glass glass substrate 12 and the opening 14a of the glass substrate 14 are simultaneously processed, the inner surface of the opening 19 is smoothly processed, and the opening 19 and the glass substrate 12 are processed.
- the opening 19 and the glass substrate can be chamfered. It is difficult to chamfer the boundary portion 12BZ with the vehicle inner surface 12B of 12 and the boundary portion 14AZ between the opening 19 and the vehicle outer surface 14A of the glass substrate 14.
- the boundary portion 14AZ between the portion 14a and the surface 14A on the outer side of the vehicle and the boundary portion 14BZ between the opening portion 14a of the glass substrate 14 and the surface 14B on the inner side of the vehicle are chamfered, and the chamfered portion Zc is provided at these boundaries.
- the glass substrate 12 and the glass substrate 14 are laminated via the intermediate layer 16.
- the boundary portion 12BZ and the boundary portion generated at the time of forming the opening portion 19 are compared with the case where the opening portion 12a of the glass substrate 12 of the laminated glass laminated in advance and the opening portion 14a of the glass substrate 14 are simultaneously processed.
- the residual cracks in the portion 14AZ can be suppressed. Further, it is possible to prevent the glass from breaking due to the expansion of cracks due to the stress generated at the end of the opening 19 due to the glass substrate 10 being pushed from the outside.
- each of the boundary portions 12AZ, 12BZ, 14AZ, and 14BZ has a chamfered shape (that is, the chamfered portion Zc).
- the surface angle (chamfer angle) of the chamfered portion Zc with respect to the perpendicular line AX may be arbitrary, but may be, for example, 45 °.
- the depth (chamfering depth) of the chamfered portion Zc in the Z direction may be arbitrary, but may be, for example, about 0.5 mm.
- the arithmetic mean roughness Ra of the inner surface of the opening 19 as defined by JIS B 0601: 2001 may be arbitrary, but may be, for example, about 1 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the center positions of the opening 12a of the glass substrate 12 and the opening 14a of the glass substrate 14 may be displaced from each other. If the center position of the opening 12a of the glass substrate 12 and the opening 14a of the glass substrate 14 deviates from each other, it becomes necessary to secure a wide outer peripheral width of the frame member 52, which may impair the appearance. Further, there is a possibility that the opening area of the opening 19 required for transmitting far infrared rays cannot be secured.
- the outer peripheral width of the frame member 52 can be narrowed, and the opening 19 necessary for transmitting far infrared rays can be narrowed.
- the opening area can be secured.
- the frame member is from the outer surface 12A side of the first glass substrate prior to fitting the far infrared ray transmitting member 20.
- the glass substrate 14 does not support the far infrared transmitting member 20 and the frame member 52, so that the frame member 52 is directed from the outside of the vehicle to the inside of the vehicle.
- a load is applied, it becomes difficult to maintain a fixed state against the shear stress. That is, when the far-infrared ray transmitting member 20 is pushed from the outside of the vehicle toward the inside of the vehicle with a finger or the like, it may come off inside the vehicle.
- a portion smaller than the area of the opening 14a and transmitting far infrared rays is blocked on the vehicle inner surface 14B side of the opening 14a of the glass substrate 14.
- the protective member 40 having an opening having no shape It is preferable to install the protective member 40 having an opening having no shape. At this time, it is preferable that the protective member 40 is adhered to the glass substrate 14 via the adhesive layer 53.
- the protective member 40 having an opening that is smaller than the area of the opening 14a and has a shape that does not block the portion through which far infrared rays are transmitted the far infrared rays transmitting member 20 and the frame member 52 are sheared toward the inside of the vehicle side glass. Since the structure supports the far-infrared ray transmitting member 20 and the frame member 52 against stress, the far-infrared ray transmitting member 20 and the frame member 52 have high mechanical durability.
- the viscoelastic properties of the adhesive layer 53 itself and the elastic properties of the protective member 40 itself are added, and the effects of energy absorption and stress relaxation due to plastic deformation are enhanced.
- far infrared rays are transmitted only by the glass substrate 14, which is a brittle material.
- the far-infrared transmitting member 20 and the frame member 52 have excellent mechanical durability for a long period of time as compared with the case where the member 20 and the frame member 52 are supported.
- the manufacturing method according to the present embodiment is A step of drilling an opening 19 penetrating each of the glass substrate 12 and the glass substrate 14 in the thickness direction, and The boundary 12AZ between the opening 12a of the glass substrate 12 and the outer surface of the vehicle, the boundary 12BZ between the opening 12a of the glass substrate 12 and the surface inside the vehicle, the opening 14a of the glass substrate 14 and the outer surface of the vehicle.
- the glass surface 10B and the protective member 40 are formed by placing a commercially available double-sided adhesive tape on the fixing portion 46 of the protective member 40 and / or applying a liquid curable adhesive to the surface of the glass substrate 10 on the glass surface 10B side. It is preferable to place it, dry it and fix it.
- the material of the curable adhesive is arbitrary, but a urethane-based adhesive or a silicone-based adhesive is preferable in terms of the viscoelasticity of the cured product, that is, the adhesive layer 53.
- the curable adhesive is a modified silicone adhesive
- the protective member 40 and the glass surface 10B can be firmly fixed even under low temperature conditions where the adhesive force of the adhesive layer is lowered and the adhesive layer is easily peeled off, which is preferable.
- the primer is applied to at least one of the fixing portion 46 side and the glass surface 10B side of the protective member 40 before applying the adhesive, the protective member 40 and the glass surface 10B can be fixed more firmly, which is preferable.
- a Ge film (100 nm) and then a ZnS film (1200 nm) were formed by thin-film deposition on the inner surface of the base material to form a far-infrared ray transmitting member.
- the base bracket for adhering to a glass plate to be described later, attaching a far-infrared camera, and fixing the cover was made by 3D printing using nylon 12 as a material.
- 9 to 11 are schematic views showing one aspect of the protective member.
- Protective members PR1 to PR6 were prepared.
- the protective member PR1 was manufactured by preparing a 95 ⁇ 42 mm plate (surface portion 42) made of stainless steel (SUS304) having a plate thickness of 0.8 mm and bending it as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 6, the protective member PR1 has a surface portion 42 and two fixing portions 46.
- the surface portion 42 is a trapezoidal plate-shaped member.
- the fixing portion 46 is a plate-shaped member provided at the tip of the protruding portion 44 protruding from the peripheral edge of the surface portion 42 in the direction opposite to the Z direction.
- the protective member PR2 was prepared by preparing a plate material of 95 ⁇ 42 mm made of copper (C1100) having a plate thickness of 1.0 mm and bending the plate material to substantially the same dimensions as in FIG. As the protective member PR3, a cation-coated steel plate having a plate thickness of 1 mm was used, and the perforated plate material shown in FIG. 9 was prepared and bent as shown in FIG.
- the protective member PR3 has a surface portion 42PR and three fixing portions 46PR.
- the surface portion 42PR is a trapezoidal plate-shaped member.
- the fixed portion 46PR is a plate-shaped member provided at the tip of the protruding portion 44PR protruding from the peripheral edge of the surface portion 42PR to the opposite side in the Z direction.
- One fixed portion 46PR is provided at the tip of a protruding portion 44PR protruding from the peripheral edge of the surface portion 42PR on the X direction side, and the other fixed portion 46PR protrudes from the peripheral edge of the surface portion 42PR on the opposite side to the X direction.
- the other fixed portion 46PR is provided at the tip of the protruding portion 44PR, and is provided at the tip of the protruding portion 44PR protruding from the peripheral edge of the surface portion 42PR on the Y direction side.
- the protective member PR3 has a trapezoidal upper base length of about 25 mm, a lower base length of about 45 mm, and a trapezoidal height of about 76 mm, and the surface portion 42PR has a plurality of diameters of about 9 mm.
- the opening 40PRa of is formed.
- the width of the fixed portion 46PR (the length of the side not in contact with the protruding portion 44PR) is about 13 mm.
- the protective member PR4 was manufactured by bending an aluminum punching metal having a plate thickness of 0.5 mm, a hole opening diameter of ⁇ 5 mm, and a pitch of 8 mm to substantially the same dimensions as in FIG.
- the protective member PR5 was manufactured by bending a plain weave wire mesh stainless steel (SUS304) mesh having a wire diameter of ⁇ 0.47 mm and a mesh opening of 2.07 mm to substantially the same dimensions as in FIG. In order to prevent the cut surface of the mesh from fraying, the outer edge of the mesh was bent by about 3 mm before use. As shown in FIG.
- the protective member PR6 was produced by drilling an opening 40a having a diameter of 47.5 mm in the center of an aluminum (A5052) plate having a thickness of 53.5 mm ⁇ 53.5 mm and a thickness of 2 mm.
- the protective member PR6 can be used in combination with the protective members PR1 to PR5.
- the protective member PR7 is a member that combines the functions of the protective member PR3 and the protective member PR6, and a cation-coated steel plate having a plate thickness of 1 mm similar to the protective member PR3 is used, and the perforated plate material shown in FIG. 11A is prepared. Then, as shown in FIG. 11B, the two fixed portions 46PR and the surface portion 42PR were bent so as to overlap each other when viewed from the Z direction.
- openings are formed in the two fixing portions 46PR, and the surface portion 42PR (opening 40PRa of the surface portion 42PR) is exposed through the openings.
- the cover portion was manufactured by a casting method using a simple mold using ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer).
- ⁇ Manufacturing of window members> (Example 1) First, soda lime glass having a thickness of 300 mm ⁇ 300 mm and a thickness of 2.0 mm was prepared and used as the first glass plate. Another 300 mm ⁇ 300 mm, 2.0 mm thick soda lime glass was prepared and used as a second glass plate.
- a laminated glass in which a PVB having a thickness of 0.76 mm was arranged between the first glass plate and the second glass plate was prepared.
- a through hole having a diameter of 53.5 mm was formed in the center of the laminated glass.
- the attachment with the far-infrared ray transmitting member attached which was produced by adhering the attachment and the prepared far-infrared ray transmitting member by using a urethane-based adhesive, was combined with the outer surface of the far-infrared ray transmitting member to form the outer surface of the glass. It was attached to the through hole so as to be flush with the surface on the first glass plate side).
- the attachment is an ABS frame member provided on the outer peripheral edge of the far-infrared ray transmitting member.
- the prepared base brackets were bonded to the laminated glass.
- the protective member PR1 was adhered to the laminated glass so that the overlapped region was 75% when viewed from the direction along the vertical line AX shown in FIG.
- An inorganic primer was applied in advance to the glass side and the far-infrared ray transmitting member side, and an organic primer was applied to the attachment side in advance with respect to the target surface to be adhered with the urethane adhesive.
- the urethane adhesive was cured by drying at room temperature for 5 days.
- Example 2 After confirming that the urethane adhesive had dried, the cover portion was attached to the base bracket to obtain the window member of Example 1.
- Example 3 The window member of Example 2 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the protective member PR2 was used.
- Example 3 The window member of Example 3 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the protective member PR1 was not attached to the laminated glass.
- Example 4 The window member of Example 4 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the cover portion was not attached to the base bracket.
- Example 5 The window member of Example 5 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4 except that a through hole having a diameter of 53.5 mm was formed around a point 100 mm away from the center of the laminated glass in the direction of the side.
- Example 6 The same as in Example 1 except that the protective member PR3 was bonded to laminated glass via a modified silicone adhesive layer having a thickness of 0.6 mm so that the overlapped region was 100% when viewed from the direction along the perpendicular line AX.
- the window member of Example 6 was obtained.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the window member of Example 6 when viewed from the direction along the perpendicular line AX. That is, it can be said that FIG.
- Example 12 is a schematic view of the vehicle glass to which the protective member covering 100% of the far-infrared ray transmitting member is attached when viewed in the vertical direction from the outside of the vehicle.
- Example 7 The window member of Example 7 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 6 except that the protective member PR4 was used and adhered to the laminated glass via a urethane-based adhesive layer having a thickness of 3 mm.
- Example 8 The window member of Example 8 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 7 except that the protective member PR5 was used.
- Example 9 In the same manner as in Example 1, the attachment with the far-infrared ray transmitting member attached was attached to the through hole.
- the urethane adhesive is applied to the protective member. It was applied to the front surface of the end of PR6 and adhered to the inside of the laminated glass. The thickness of the adhesive layer was 1 mm.
- a primer for metal was applied in advance on the PR6 side of the protective member, and a primer for inorganic material was applied on the glass substrate side in advance with respect to the target surface to be adhered with the urethane adhesive.
- the urethane adhesive was cured by drying at room temperature for 5 days to prepare a window member with a protective member PR6.
- a through hole having a diameter of 51.5 mm is formed at the center position of the first glass plate.
- the inner peripheral surface of the through hole is finished with a roughness of # 800 to form a through hole with a diameter of 53.5 mm, and then the boundary between the inner peripheral surface of the through hole and the outer surface of the first glass plate.
- the corner of the boundary between the inner peripheral surface of the portion and the through hole and the inner surface of the first glass plate is chamfered at an angle of 45 ° (C0.5 mm) to form the first glass plate with an opening and a chamfered portion.
- a through hole having a diameter of 55.5 mm was formed at the center position of the second glass plate.
- the inner peripheral surface of the through hole is finished with a roughness of # 800 to form a through hole with a diameter of 57.5 mm, and then the boundary between the inner peripheral surface of the through hole and the outer surface of the second glass plate.
- the corner of the boundary between the inner peripheral surface of the portion and the through hole and the inner surface of the second glass plate is chamfered at an angle of 45 ° (C0.5 mm) to form the second glass plate with an opening and a chamfered portion.
- C0.5 mm °
- a laminated glass in which a PVB having a thickness of 0.76 mm is laminated between the first glass plate with an opening and a chamfered portion and the second glass plate with an opening and a chamfered portion is prepared.
- the hole having a diameter of 53.5 mm in the opening and the first glass plate with a chamfered portion is a hole having a diameter of 57.5 mm in the opening and the second glass plate having a chamfered portion. Align the center so that it does not go inside the inner circumference of.
- the PVB at the opening is cut off along a through hole having a diameter of 53.5 mm.
- the attachment with the far-infrared ray transmitting member attached is attached to the through hole in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the urethane adhesive is applied to the protective member. It is applied to the front surface of the end of PR6 and adhered to the inside of the laminated glass.
- the thickness of the adhesive is 1 mm.
- a primer for metal is applied in advance on the PR6 side of the protective member, and a primer for inorganic material is applied on the second glass plate side in advance with respect to the target surface to be adhered with the urethane adhesive.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the window member having the configuration of Example 10.
- FIG. 13 can be said to be a schematic view in the case where another protective member (part) is adhered to the vehicle glass of FIG. 7, and the protective member is divided into two. That is, as shown in FIG. 13, in Example 10, it can be said that the protective member PR6 and the protective member PR3 are provided.
- Example 11 A window member with the protective member PR7 is manufactured in the same manner as in Example 10 except that the protective member PR7 shown in FIG. 11 is used. That is, it can be said that FIG.
- Example 11 is a schematic view when the protective members separated in FIG. 13 are integrated. Since the protective member PR7 has the protective member PR6 and the protective member PR3 integrated in Example 10, the protective member PR6 and the protective member PR3 are separately combined and adhered to the glass in comparison with the window member of Example 10. The protective member PR7 itself has high mechanical durability. Further, the protective member PR7 is firmly adhered to the laminated glass. As a result, the window member of Example 11 has higher mechanical durability than the window member of Example 10.
- the urethane adhesive and the modified silicone adhesive were sufficiently cured by drying at room temperature for 5 days.
- ⁇ Evaluation of falling ball strength 1> The following drop ball strength evaluation was performed using the window members of Examples 1 to 5. Evaluation was performed using a ball-dropping device and a support frame conforming to the impact resistance test in JIS R3211, 3212-2015. First, the window member was held in a room maintained at a temperature of 23 ° C. and a relative humidity of 50% for 4 hours, and then fixed with a support frame so that the outer surface (glass substrate 12 side) faces upward. Next, a 226 g steel ball was dropped from a height of 10 m to the center of the window member.
- Example 12 Using the window member of Example 4, the falling ball strength evaluation 1 was performed in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 5 except that the steel ball was dropped to a point shifted by 30 mm from the center of the window member. Those who passed all the tests were evaluated as " ⁇ (maru)", and those who failed were evaluated as "x (x)". The evaluation results are shown in Table 1. (Evaluation of falling ball strength 1) Here, Examples 1 and 2 are Examples, Examples 3 and 4 are Comparative Examples, and Examples 5 and 12 are Reference Examples.
- Examples 1 and 2 pass the falling ball strength evaluation 1, and even if a colliding object flies near the center of the far-infrared ray transmitting member, it is on the driver's seat side. It was confirmed that it was possible to suppress the arrival.
- ⁇ Evaluation of falling ball strength 2> The falling ball strength was evaluated in the same manner as in the falling ball strength evaluation 1 except that the window member of Example 6 was kept in a room maintained at 40 ° C. and a relative humidity of 50% for 4 hours.
- ⁇ Evaluation of falling ball strength 3> The window members of Examples 6 to 8 were held in a room maintained at -20 ° C and a relative humidity of 50% for 4 hours, and then a 226 g steel ball was dropped from a height of 9 m in the same manner as in the falling ball strength evaluation 1. Then, the falling ball strength was evaluated.
- ⁇ Evaluation of falling ball strength 4> The window member of Example 6 was held in a room maintained at a temperature of 23 ° C.
- the window member of Example 6 has passed all of the falling ball strength evaluations 2 to 4, and if a collision object flies near the center of the far-infrared ray transmitting member under high temperature condition, low temperature condition, and room temperature condition. However, I was able to confirm that it was possible to prevent it from reaching the driver's seat side. Further, the window members of Examples 6 to 8 also passed the falling ball strength evaluation 3 under low temperature conditions where the adhesive strength of the adhesive layer is lowered and easily peeled off, and a collision object is assumed to be near the center of the far infrared ray transmitting member under low temperature conditions. It was confirmed that it is possible to prevent the vehicle from reaching the driver's seat side even if it comes flying.
- Example 14 is a graph of the evaluation results of the far-infrared ray transmitting member mounting strength performed using the window member of Example 9. It was observed that the window member and the far-infrared ray transmitting member mounting portion were sunk due to the load, and the result was that the window member and the far-infrared ray transmitting member mounting portion were cracked from the edge of the hole of the laminated glass at the load of 27.8 kgf. It was confirmed that the window member of Example 9 had sufficient mounting strength (about 20 kgf) to withstand wind pressure and prevent the window member from being destroyed by being pushed by a hand or the like. With respect to this result, by using the laminated glass shown in Example 10, the edge strength of the opening is increased, so that the mounting strength can be further increased.
- the thermal image visual evaluation shown below was performed.
- the window member was installed so that the angle from the horizontal plane was 30 °.
- the cover portion was removed, a far-infrared camera (FLIR, Boson 640, horizontal viewing angle HFOV: 18 °) was attached to the base bracket, and then the cover portion was attached.
- the room was photographed by a far-infrared camera at an outside air temperature of 28 ° C., and the field of view of the far-infrared camera was secured, and the image quality was not deteriorated or compared with the thermal image when the window member was not used. As a result, it was confirmed that the image quality was maintained.
- the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the embodiments are not limited by the contents of the embodiments. Further, the above-mentioned components include those that can be easily assumed by those skilled in the art, those that are substantially the same, that is, those in a so-called equal range. Furthermore, the components described above can be combined as appropriate. Further, various omissions, replacements or changes of the components can be made without departing from the gist of the above-described embodiment.
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Abstract
Description
さらに、車両の衝突時に、室内側からの乗員や物体が窓部を突き破り、車外に飛び出すことを防ぐことが求められている。
図1は、本実施形態に係る車両用ガラスが車両に搭載された状態を示す模式図である。図1に示すように、本実施形態に係る車両用ガラス1は、車両Vに搭載される。車両用ガラス1は、車両Vのフロントガラスに適用される窓部材である。すなわち、車両用ガラス1は、車両Vのフロントウィンドウ、言い換えれば風防ガラスとして用いられている。車両Vの内部(車内)には、遠赤外カメラCA1及び可視光カメラCA2が搭載されている。なお、車両Vの内部(車内)とは、例えばドライバーの運転席が設けられる車室内を指す。
図2は、本実施形態に係る車両用ガラスの概略平面図である。図3Aおよび図3Bは、図2のA-A線に沿った断面図である。図3Aは、車外面のガラス開口寸法が車内面の開口寸法よりも大きな場合の断面図であり、図3Bは、車内面のガラス開口寸法が車外面の開口寸法よりも大きな場合の断面図である。図4は、図2のB-B断面に沿った断面図である。図2に示すように、以下、車両用ガラス1の上縁を、上縁部1aとし、下縁を、下縁部1bとし、一方の側縁を、側縁部1cとし、他方の側縁を、側縁部1dとする。上縁部1aは、車両用ガラス1を車両Vに搭載した際に、鉛直方向上側に位置する縁部分である。下縁部1bは、車両用ガラス1を車両Vに搭載した際に、鉛直方向下側に位置する縁部分である。側縁部1cは、車両用ガラス1を車両Vに搭載した際に、一方の側方側に位置する縁部分である。側縁部1dは、車両用ガラス1を車両Vに搭載した際に、他方の側方側に位置する縁部分である。
遮光領域A2は、ガラス基体10に遮光層18を設けることにより形成される。すなわち、遮光領域A2は、ガラス基体10が遮光層18を備える領域である。すなわち、遮光領域A2は、ガラス基体12と中間層16とガラス基体14と遮光層18が積層された領域である。一方、透光領域A1は、ガラス基体10が遮光層18を備えない領域である。すなわち、透光領域A1は、ガラス基体12と中間層16とガラス基体14とが積層されて、遮光層18が積層されない領域である。
図3に示すように、車両用ガラス1は、Z方向における一方の表面(ここでは表面12A)から他方の表面(ここでは表面14B)までにわたって貫通する開口部19が形成されている。開口部19内には、遠赤外線透過部材20が設けられている。開口部19が形成されて遠赤外線透過部材20が設けられている領域が、遠赤外線透過領域Bである。すなわち、遠赤外線透過領域Bは、開口部19と、開口部19内に配置された遠赤外線透過部材20とが設けられる領域である。遮光層18は遠赤外線を透過しないため、遠赤外線透過領域Bには、遮光層18が設けられていない。すなわち、遠赤外線透過領域Bにおいては、ガラス基体12、中間層16、ガラス基体14、及び遮光層18が設けられておらず、形成された開口部19に遠赤外線透過部材20が設けられている。遠赤外線透過部材20については後述する。なお、車両用ガラス1は、ガラス基体10と、ガラス基体10の開口部19に設けられる遠赤外線透過部材20と、を含むといえる。ガラス基体10は、車両用ガラス1のうちで窓ガラスを構成する部分であると呼ぶこともでき、例えばここでは、ガラス基体12、14、中間層16、及び遮光層18を含む構成を、ガラス基体10と呼んでよい。ただし、ガラス基体10は、上述のように、少なくともガラス基体12とガラス基体14とのうち一方のみを含むものであってよい。
図4に示すように、可視光透過領域Cは、透光領域A1と同様に、Z方向において、ガラス基体10が遮光層18を備えない領域である。すなわち、可視光透過領域Cは、ガラス基体12と中間層16とガラス基体14とが積層されて、遮光層18が積層されない領域である。
以下、遠赤外線透過領域Bに設けられる遠赤外線透過部材20について、具体的に説明する。遠赤外線透過部材20は、遠赤外線を透過する部材である。図3Aおよび図3Bに示すように、遠赤外線透過部材20は、車外側の面が、遮光領域A2の車外側の面と、面一に(連続して)形成されていることが好ましい。言い換えれば、遠赤外線透過部材20の車外側の表面20aは、ガラス基体12の表面12Aと連続するように取り付けられている。このように遠赤外線透過部材20の表面20aがガラス基体12の表面12Aと連続することで、ワイパの拭き取り効果が損なわれることを抑制できる。また、段差があることで車両Vとしてのデザイン性が損なわれることや、段差に砂埃等が堆積することなどのおそれを抑制できる。さらに、遠赤外線透過部材20は、適用される車両用ガラス1の曲面形状に合わせて成形されていることが好ましい。遠赤外線透過部材20の成形方法は特に限定されないが、曲面形状や部材に応じて、研磨もしくはモールド成形が選択される。
開口部19の例としては、図3Bおよび図5に示すように、車外側の面における開口部19の面積が、車内側の面における開口部19の面積より小さい構成としてもよく、この場合、遠赤外線透過部材20の形状は車外側の開口部19にあわせてよい。さらに言えば、本実施形態の車両用ガラス1がガラス基体12(車外側)とガラス基体14(車内側)とを備える合わせガラスである場合は、開口部19は、ガラス基体12の開口部12aとガラス基体14の開口部14aとが重なって形成される。この場合、ガラス基体14の開口部14aの面積を、ガラス基体12の開口部12aの面積より大きくし、ガラス基体12の開口部12aのサイズに合わせた遠赤外線透過部材20を、ガラス基体12の開口部12a内に配置すればよい。このような構成においては、ガラス基体12に形成する開口部12aと、ガラス基体14に形成する開口部14aとの中心軸と、ガラス面との回転軸ずれ(便宜上、中心位置のずれ)はできるだけ小さいことが、後述する枠部材52の外周幅を狭くでき、好ましい外観にできる点や、遠赤外線透過部材20の開口部19の面積を大きくできる点で、好ましい。
カルコゲナイトガラスの好ましい組成としては、
原子%表示で、
Ge+Ga;7%~25%、
Sb;0%~35%、
Bi;0%~20%、
Zn;0%~20%、
Sn;0%~20%、
Si;0%~20%、
La;0%~20%、
S+Se+Te;55%~80%、
Ti;0.005%~0.3%、
Li+Na+K+Cs;0%~20%、
F+Cl+Br+I;0%~20%含有する組成である。そして、このガラスは、140℃~550℃のガラス転移点(Tg)を有することが好ましい。
図5は、車両用ガラスが車両に取り付けられた状態の例を示す模式図である。ガラス基体10は、車外側から衝突物が衝突した場合にも、例えば中間層16があることにより衝撃が吸収されて、衝突物が貫通し難い構造となっている。一方、図5に示すように、遠赤外線透過部材20は、ガラス基体10に形成された開口部19に設けられており、Z方向から見てガラス基体10に重ならない位置にある。そのため、例えば遠赤外線透過部材20に車外側から衝突物が衝突した場合には、衝突物が遠赤外線透過部材20を貫通して、車内の運転席などに到達してしまうおそれがある。それに対し、本実施形態に係る車両用ガラス1は、遠赤外線透過部材20よりも車内側に保護部材40を設けることで、衝突物が遠赤外線透過部材20を貫通した場合にも保護部材40で衝突物を保持することを可能として、衝突物が運転席に到達することを抑制している。さらに、車両の衝突時に、室内側からの乗員や物体が窓部を突き破り、車外に飛び出すことを抑制している。以下、本実施形態の車両用ガラス1の具体的な構成について説明する。
図5に示すように、車両用ガラス1は、鉛直方向に対して傾斜するように、車両Vに取り付けられる。従って、鉛直方向の下方に沿う方向を方向YVとすると、車両Vに取り付けられた状態での車両用ガラス1の方向Yは、方向YVに対して傾斜しており、遠赤外線透過部材20の車外側の表面20aも、方向YVに対して傾斜している。また、水平方向であって車両Vの前方から後方に向かう方向を方向ZVとすると、車両Vに取り付けられた状態での車両用ガラス1の方向Zは、方向ZVに対して傾斜しており、遠赤外線透過部材20の表面20aに直交する垂線AXも、方向ZVに対して傾斜している。ただし、車両用ガラス1は、鉛直方向に対して傾斜するように車両Vに取り付けられることに限られず、例えば、車両Vに取り付けられた状態での車両用ガラス1の方向Yや遠赤外線透過部材20の表面20aが、方向YVと沿い、車両Vに取り付けられた状態での車両用ガラス1の方向Zや垂線AXが、方向ZVと沿っていてもよい。なお、以降では、特に断りがない限り、車両用ガラス1が車両Vに取り付けられた状態を説明している。
遠赤外カメラCA1は、車両V内に設けられる。遠赤外カメラCA1は、車両用ガラス1の遠赤外線透過部材20よりも車内側に、すなわち遠赤外線透過部材20よりも方向ZV側(方向Z側)に設けられる。遠赤外カメラCA1は、光軸AXRが遠赤外線透過部材20を通るように、設けられている。さらに言えば、遠赤外カメラCA1は、検出範囲Rが遠赤外線透過部材20を通るように、設けられている。検出範囲Rは、遠赤外カメラCA1が検出可能な範囲(撮像範囲)を指し、遠赤外カメラCA1は、検出範囲R内を通って入射してくる遠赤外線を受光して検出するといえる。なお、検出範囲Rは、遠赤外カメラCA1から離れるに従って所定の視野角で光軸AXRを中心に広がってゆく空間といえる。検出範囲Rの大きさや視野角は、遠赤外カメラで検知したい距離や範囲により、適宜設定されてよい。
図5に示すように、本実施形態に係る車両用ガラス1は、ガラス基体10と、ガラス基体10の開口部19内に設けられる遠赤外線透過部材20に加えて、カバー部30と、保護部材40とを有している。なお、遠赤外カメラCA1を、車両用ガラス1に含まれているものとして扱ってもよいし、車両用ガラス1とは別体として扱ってもよい。また例えば、遠赤外カメラCA1とカバー部30と保護部材40とで、車両用ガラス1(ガラス基体10)に取り付けられるカメラユニットUを構成している、としてもよい。
カバー部30は、車両V内に設けられて、筐体32と固定部34とを収納する。カバー部30は、車両用ガラス1の遠赤外線透過部材20よりも車内側に、すなわち遠赤外線透過部材20よりも方向ZV側(方向Z側)に設けられる。筐体32は、遠赤外線透過部材20よりも大きい方が好ましい。カバー部30は、筐体32と固定部34とを含む。筐体32は、内部に遠赤外カメラCA1と保護部材40とを収納する。遠赤外カメラCA1は、図示しないブラケットによって固定された状態で、筐体32内に配置されていてもよい。筐体32は、一方の表面側が開口しており、開口する側がガラス基体10の車内側の表面10Bに面するように、ガラス基体10に取り付けられる。固定部34は、筐体32に設けられて、筐体32をガラス基体10に固定する部材である。固定部34は、筐体32の開口する側がガラス基体10の表面10Bに面した状態で、筐体32をガラス基体10に固定する。
また、カバー部30には、遠赤外カメラCA1のみではなく、可視光カメラCA2や、他のデバイスも収納された一体型の構造であってもよい。
さらに、車内側のガラス基体10や遠赤外線透過部材20の曇り防止や融雪機能を付与するため、ヒーター等がカバー部30内に備えられていてもよい。
図6は、車外側から遠赤外線透過部材を垂線方向に見た場合の模式図である。以下、本実施形態に係る保護部材40について、図5及び図6を用いて説明する。図5に示すように、保護部材40は、遠赤外線透過部材20よりも車内側(方向ZV側)に設けられる。また、図6に示すように、保護部材40は、垂線AXに沿った方向(遠赤外線透過部材20の表面20aに直交する方向)から見た場合に、遠赤外線透過部材20の少なくとも一部に重なっている。言い換えれば、垂線AXに沿った方向から見た場合に、保護部材40の少なくとも一部と、遠赤外線透過部材20の少なくとも一部とが、重なっている。これにより、車外からの衝突物が遠赤外線透過部材20を貫通したとしても、その衝突物を保護部材40で受け止めて、衝突物が運転席側に到達してしまうことを抑制できる。さらに、車両の衝突時に、室内側からの乗員や物体が窓部を突き破り、車外に飛び出すことを抑制できる。また、図5に示すように、本実施形態では、保護部材40は、遠赤外カメラCA1よりも車外側(方向ZVと反対方向側)に設けられ、遠赤外カメラCA1の検出範囲Rに重ならない位置に設けられることが好ましい。すなわち、保護部材40は、検出範囲Rに干渉せず、検出範囲Rの外部に位置していることが好ましい。これにより、遠赤外カメラCA1に入射する遠赤外線が、保護部材40によって遮断されることが抑制されて、遠赤外線の検出精度の低下を抑制できる。
このように、重畳領域の面積は、重遠赤外線透過部材20の全域の面積に対して、100%であってよく、30%以上100%以下であることが好ましく、35%以上90%未満であってよく、40%以上85%以下であってよく、40%以上80%以下であってよい。
保護部材40の表面部42に開口40PRaが形成される場合には、当該開口40PRaの面積も保護部材40の重畳領域の面積に含まれるものとする。言い換えれば、遠赤外線透過部材20の全域のうちで、表面部42の開口40PRaが形成されていない部分に重なる領域と、表面部42の開口40PRaが形成されている部分に重なる領域とを合わせた領域(言い換えれば、遠赤外線透過部材20の全域のうちで、保護部材40の周縁に囲われる領域に重なる領域)を、重畳領域とする。なお、保護部材40の表面部42に開口40PRaが形成される場合、各開口40PRaの面積は、直径換算でφ10mm以下であることが好ましい。開口40PRaの面積がφ10mm以下であれば、遠赤外線透過部材20に飛び石等が衝突した場合にも、保護部材としての機能が損なわれるおそれがない。開口40PRaの面積は、好ましくはφ8mm以下であり、より好ましくはφ5mm以下である。なお、例えば面積が直径換算でφ10mm以下とは、その面積が、直径10mmの円の面積以下であることを指す。
ガラス表面10Bと保護部材40は、接着層53を介して固定されることが好ましい。このとき、接着層53の材料は任意であるが、市販の粘着テープ及び/又は液状の硬化性接着剤の硬化物により構成されていることが、接着層53の粘弾性の点で好ましい。硬化性接着剤の材料としては、例えば、ウレタン系接着剤やシリコーン系接着剤が挙げられる。なかでも接着層53が変成シリコーン系接着剤の硬化物を含むと、接着層の接着力が低下し剥離しやすい低温条件であっても保護部材40とガラス表面10Bとを強固に固定でき、好ましい。
さらに、図5、図6及び図12に示す保護部材40と、図7に示す保護部材40とを組み合わせて使用してもよい。
なお、枠部材52は、図7に示すような開口部40aが形成される保護部材40が設けられるケースでのみ搭載されることに限られず、任意の形状の保護部材40が設けられるケースで搭載されてよい。
以上説明したように、本実施形態に係る車両用ガラス1は、遮光領域A2を備え、遮光領域A2内に、開口部19、及び開口部19内に配置された遠赤外線透過部材20が設けられる遠赤外線透過領域Bが形成されている。車両用ガラス1は、さらに、遠赤外線透過部材20よりも車内側に設けられ、遠赤外線透過部材20の車外側の表面20aに直交する方向(垂線AXに沿った方向)から見た場合に、遠赤外線透過部材20の少なくとも一部に重なる保護部材40を有する。開口部19に遠赤外線透過部材20が設けられる車両用ガラス1は、遠赤外線透過部材20に車外側から衝突物が衝突した場合には、衝突物が遠赤外線透過部材20を貫通して、運転席側に到達してしまうおそれがある。それに対し、本実施形態においては、遠赤外線透過部材20の少なくとも一部に重なる保護部材40を設けることで、衝突物が遠赤外線透過部材20を貫通したとしても、その衝突物を保護部材40で受け止めて、衝突物が運転席側に到達してしまうことを抑制できる。また、車両の衝突時に、室内側からの乗員や物体が窓部を突き破り、車外に飛び出すことを抑制できる。
なお、ガラス基体10との接着面となる固定部46に対し、接着剤を塗布する前にブラスト処理を行うことで、接着層53と保護部材40との密着性を向上できる。そしてその結果、衝突の際に保護部材40がガラス基体10から外れることを抑制できる。
遠赤外線透過部材20は、基材22以外の層を含んでいてもよい。例えば、遠赤外線透過部材20は、基材22の車内側の面と車外側の面との少なくとも一方側に、遠赤外線の反射を抑制する反射防止膜(AR膜)を有していてもよい。反射防止膜は任意の構成であってよいが、例えば、高屈折率層と低屈折率層とが交互に積層された構成であってよい。この場合、反射防止膜は、高屈折率層と低屈折率層とが1層ずつ積層されてもよいし、複数層積層されてもよい。
図8は、開口部の内面の形状の一例を示す模式図である。上述したとおり、本発明の車両用ガラスの製造にあたっては、ガラス基体12の開口部12aおよびガラス基体14の開口部14aの中心位置ずれを抑制することが重要である。中心位置ずれを抑制する観点では、予め積層した合わせガラスのガラス基体12の開口部12aとガラス基体14の開口部14aとを同時に加工することが好ましい。一方、開口部19における強度の観点では、曲げ応力に対する開口部19内面の強度を高めるために、図8に示す様に、開口部19の内面を滑らかに加工し、さらには開口部19とガラス基体12との境界部に面取り仕上げを行い、面取部Zcを設けることが好ましい。
ここで、予め積層した合わせガラスのガラス基体12の開口部12aおよびガラス基体14の開口部14aの加工を同時に行うと、開口部19の内面を滑らかに加工すること、開口部19とガラス基体12の車外側の表面12Aとの境界部12AZの面取り仕上げ、および開口部19とガラス基体14の車内側の表面14Bとの境界部14BZの面取り仕上げを行うことはできるが、開口部19とガラス基体12の車内側の表面12Bとの境界部12BZ、および開口部19とガラス基体14の車外側の表面14Aとの境界部14AZの面取り仕上げを行うことは困難となる。そのため本製造例においては、ガラス基体12の開口部12aと車外側の表面12Aとの境界部12AZ、ガラス基体12の開口部12aと車内側の表面12Bとの境界部12BZ、ガラス基体14の開口部14aと車外側の表面14Aとの境界部14AZ、およびガラス基体14の開口部14aと車内側の表面14Bとの境界部14BZに、面取り加工を行い、これらの境界部に面取り部Zcを設けた後に、中間層16を介してガラス基体12とガラス基体14とを積層する。この製造例によれば、予め積層した合わせガラスのガラス基体12の開口部12aおよびガラス基体14の開口部14aの加工を同時に行う場合と比べて、開口部19の形成時に生じる境界部12BZと境界部14AZのクラックの残存を抑制できる。さらには、ガラス基体10が外から押されるなどして開口部19の端部に発生する応力によるクラックの伸展によるガラスの破壊をも防止できる。このように、本実施形態においては、境界部12AZ、12BZ、14AZ、及び14BZのそれぞれが、面取りされた形状である(すなわち面取り部Zcである)ことが好ましい。面取り部Zcの、垂線AXに対する表面の角度(面取り角度)は、任意であってよいが、例えば45°であってよい。また、面取り部ZcのZ方向における深さ(面取り深さ)は、任意であってよいが、例えば0.5mm程度であってよい。また、開口部19の内面の、JIS B 0601:2001規定の算術平均粗さRaは、任意であってよいが、例えば、1μm以上10μm以下程度であってよい。
ここで、ガラス基体12とガラス基体14とをそれぞれ面取り加工した後に積層する場合、ガラス基体12の開口部12aとガラス基体14の開口部14aの中心位置にずれが生じるおそれがある。ガラス基体12の開口部12aとガラス基体14の開口部14aの中心位置にずれが生じると、枠部材52の外周幅を広く確保する必要が生じ、外観を損なうおそれがある。また、遠赤外線の透過に必要な開口部19の開口面積を確保できなくなるおそれもある。
ガラス基体12の開口部12aとガラス基体14の開口部14aの中心位置にずれが生じた場合でも、例えば図7に示すように、遠赤外線透過部材20の外周縁に枠部材52を設置する場合の枠部材52の位置が、ガラス基体12の開口部12aの孔径および開口部の位置のみで規定されるようにすることで、枠部材52の外周幅を狭くでき、遠赤外線の透過に必要な開口部19の開口面積を確保できる。あるいは、ガラス基体12の開口部12aの孔径に対して、ガラス基体14の開口部14aの孔径を大きくすることでも、枠部材52の外周幅を狭くでき、遠赤外線の透過に必要な開口部19の開口面積を確保できる。
一方、ガラス基体12の開口部12aの孔径よりも、ガラス基体14の開口部14aの孔径が大きい場合、遠赤外線透過部材20の嵌め込みに先立ち第1ガラス基体の車外側の表面12A側から枠部材52を嵌め込む際に、枠部材52を開口部19に接着剤によって固定しようとしても、ガラス基体14で遠赤外線透過部材20と枠部材52を支える構造にならないため、車外側から車内側に向かって荷重を掛けた際に、そのせん断応力に抗して固定状態を維持することが困難となる。すなわち、遠赤外線透過部材20を車外側から車内側に向けて指などで押し込んだ時に車内側に外れてしまうおそれがある。この問題を解決するために、図7に示すように、ガラス基体14の開口部14aの車内側の面14B側に、開口部14aの面積よりも小さく、かつ、遠赤外線が透過する部分を遮らない形状の開口を備えた保護部材40を設置することが好ましい。このとき、保護部材40は、接着層53を介して、ガラス基体14と接着することが好ましい。
開口部14aの面積よりも小さく、かつ、遠赤外線が透過する部分を遮らない形状の開口を備えた保護部材40は、遠赤外線透過部材20と枠部材52とが車両側ガラスの内側に向かうせん断応力に抗して、遠赤外線透過部材20と枠部材52を支える構造になっているため、遠赤外線透過部材20および枠部材52が高い機械的耐久性を有する。さらには接着層53自体が有する粘弾性、保護部材40自体が有する弾性的な性質が加わり、塑性変形によるエネルギー吸収と応力緩和の効果が高まる結果、脆性材料であるガラス基体14だけで遠赤外線透過部材20と枠部材52とを支える場合に比べて遠赤外線透過部材20および枠部材52が長期にわたり優れた機械的耐久性を有する。
ガラス基体12およびガラス基体14のそれぞれを厚み方向に貫通する開口部19を穿孔するステップと、
ガラス基体12の開口部12aと車外側の表面との境界部12AZ、ガラス基体12の開口部12aと車内側の表面との境界部12BZ、ガラス基体14の開口部14aと車外側の表面との境界部14AZ、およびガラス基体14の開口部14aと車内側の表面との境界部14BZを面取り加工するステップと、
ガラス基体12の開口部12aと、ガラス基体14の開口部14aとを位置決めした後、中間層を介して接合して、合わせガラスとするステップと、
開口部19内に遠赤外線透過部材20を設置するステップと、
さらに、遠赤外線透過部材20よりも車内側に、遠赤外線透過部材20の車外側の表面に直交する方向から見た場合に、遠赤外線透過部材20の少なくとも一部に重なる保護部材40を設置するステップと、
を有することが好ましい。
ガラス表面10Bと保護部材40とは、保護部材40の固定部46に市販の両面粘着テープを載置及び/又は液状の硬化性接着剤を塗布した面に、ガラス基体10のガラス表面10B側を載置し、乾燥して固定することが好ましい。このとき、硬化性接着剤の材料は任意であるが、ウレタン系接着剤やシリコーン系接着剤であると、硬化物すなわち接着層53の粘弾性の点で好ましい。なかでも硬化性接着剤が変成シリコーン系接着剤であると、接着層の接着力が低下し剥離しやすい低温条件であっても保護部材40とガラス表面10Bとを強固に固定でき、好ましい。
このとき、接着剤を塗布する前に、保護部材40の固定部46側、ガラス表面10B側の少なくとも一方にプライマーを塗布すると、保護部材40とガラス表面10Bとをより強固に固定でき、好ましい。
次に、実施例について説明する。
<遠赤外線透過部材の製造>
まず、基材として、直径50mm、厚み2.0±0.05mmのSi(FZグレード(FZ法で製造))を準備した。なお、厚みは、デジタルノギス(株式会社ミツトヨ社製、CD-15CX)で測定した。
次いで、前記基材の車外側となる面上に、プラズマCVDによってダイヤモンドライクカーボン(DLC)の膜を1000nm形成した。その後、基材の車内側となる面上に、Ge膜(100nm)、次いでZnS膜(1200nm)をそれぞれ蒸着により形成して、遠赤外線透過部材とした。
<ブラケット、保護部材、カバーの製造>
後述するガラス板と接着し、遠赤外線カメラを取り付け、かつカバーを固定するためのベースブラケットは、材質としてナイロン12を用い、3Dプリンティングにより作製した。図9から図11は、保護部材の一態様を示す模式図である。
保護部材PR1~PR6を準備した。保護部材PR1は、板厚0.8mmのステンレス(SUS304)からなる95×42mmの板材(表面部42)を準備し、図6のように折り曲げて作製した。図6に示すように、保護部材PR1は、表面部42と、2つの固定部46とを有する。表面部42は、台形板状の部材であり。固定部46は、表面部42の周縁からZ方向と反対側に突出する突出部44の先端に設けられる板状の部材である。1つの固定部46は、表面部42のX方向側の周縁から突出する突出部44の先端に設けられ、もう1つの固定部46は、表面部42のX方向と反対側の周縁から突出する突出部44の先端に設けられる。
保護部材PR2は、および板厚1.0mmの銅(C1100)からなる95×42mmの板材を準備し、図6と略同寸法に折り曲げて作製した。
保護部材PR3は、板厚1mmのカチオン塗装鋼板を用い、図9に示す孔開き板材を準備し、図9のように折り曲げて作製した。保護部材PR3は、表面部42PRと、3つの固定部46PRとを有する。表面部42PRは、台形板状の部材であり。固定部46PRは、表面部42PRの周縁からZ方向と反対側に突出する突出部44PRの先端に設けられる板状の部材である。1つの固定部46PRは、表面部42PRのX方向側の周縁から突出する突出部44PRの先端に設けられ、もう1つの固定部46PRは、表面部42PRのX方向と反対側の周縁から突出する突出部44PRの先端に設けられ、もう1つの固定部46PRは、表面部42PRのY方向側の周縁から突出する突出部44PRの先端に設けられる。なお、保護部材PR3は、台形の上底の長さが25mm程度、下底の長さが45mm程度、台形の高さが76mm程度の大きさであり、表面部42PRには直径約9mmの複数の開口40PRaが形成されている。固定部46PRの幅(突出部44PRと接さない側の辺の長さ)は13mm程度である。
保護部材PR4は、板厚0.5mmの孔開口径φ5mm、ピッチ8mmのアルミニウム製パンチングメタルを図9と略同寸法に折り曲げて作製した。保護部材PR5は、線径φ0.47mmの目開2.07mmで平織金網のステンレス(SUS304)メッシュを図9と略同寸法に折り曲げて作製した。なお、メッシュの切断面のほつれを防ぐため、メッシュの外縁部を3mm程度折り曲げて使用した。
保護部材PR6は、図10のように、53.5mm×53.5mm、厚み2mmのアルミニウム(A5052)製板材の中心に直径47.5mmの開口40aを穿孔して作製した。なお保護部材PR6は、保護部材PR1~PR5と組み合わせて使用できる。
保護部材PR7は、保護部材PR3と保護部材PR6の機能を組み合わせた部材であり、保護部材PR3と同様の板厚1mmのカチオン塗装鋼板を用い、図11の(A)に示す孔開き板材を準備し、図11の(B)に示すように、Z方向から見て2つの固定部46PRと表面部42PRとが重なるように、折り曲げて作製した。なお、保護部材PR7においては、2つの固定部46PRに開口部が形成されており、それらの開口部を介して、Z方向から見て表面部42PR(表面部42PRの開口40PRa)が露出している。
カバー部は、ABS(アクリロニトリルブタジエンスチレン共重合体)を用い、簡易金型による注型法にて作製した。
<窓部材の製造>
(例1)
まず、300mm×300mm、厚み2.0mmのソーダライムガラスを準備し、第1ガラス板とした。もう1枚の300mm×300mm、厚み2.0mmのソーダライムガラスを準備し、第2ガラス板とした。第1ガラス板と第2ガラス板との間に厚み0.76mmのPVBを配置した合わせガラスを準備した。次いで、合わせガラスの中心に直径53.5mmの貫通孔を形成した。
次いで、ウレタン系接着剤を用いて、アタッチメントと準備した遠赤外線透過部材とを接着して作製した遠赤外線透過部材装着済みアタッチメントを、遠赤外線透過部材の外側の面と合わせガラスの車外側表面(第1ガラス板側表面)とが面一になるようにして、貫通孔に取り付けた。なお、アタッチメントは、遠赤外線透過部材の外周縁に設けられるABS製の枠部材である。
その後、ウレタン系接着剤と両面粘着テープを用いて、準備したベースブラケットを合わせガラスに接着した。さらに、ウレタン系接着剤と両面粘着テープを用いて、保護部材PR1を図6に示す垂線AXに沿った方向から見た場合に重畳領域が75%となるように合わせガラスに接着した。なお、ウレタン系接着剤で接着させる対象面に対して、ガラス側と遠赤外線透過部材側には無機用のプライマーを、アタッチメント側には有機用のプライマーを予め塗布した。ウレタン系接着剤は常温で5日間乾燥させることにより硬化させた。ウレタン系接着剤の乾燥を確認後、前記カバー部をベースブラケットに装着することで、例1の窓部材を得た。
(例2)
保護部材PR2を用いた以外は例1と同様にして、例2の窓部材を得た。
(例3)
保護部材PR1を合わせガラスに装着しなかった以外は例1と同様にして、例3の窓部材を得た。
(例4)
カバー部をベースブラケットに装着しなかった以外は例3と同様にして、例4の窓部材を得た。
(例5)
合わせガラスの中心から、辺の方向に100mm離れた点を中心として、直径53.5mmの貫通孔を形成した以外は例4と同様にして、例5の窓部材を得た。
(例6)
保護部材PR3を、厚み0.6mmの変成シリコーン接着層を介して、垂線AXに沿った方向から見た場合に重畳領域が100%となるように合わせガラスに接着した以外は例1と同様にして、例6の窓部材を得た。図12は、例6の窓部材を垂線AXに沿った方向から見た場合の概略図である。すなわち、図12は、遠赤外線透過部材の100%を覆う保護部材を取り付けた車両用ガラスを車外側から垂直方向に見た場合の模式図といえる。
(例7)
保護部材PR4を用い、厚み3mmのウレタン系接着層を介して合わせガラスに接着した以外は例6と同様にして、例7の窓部材を得た。
(例8)
保護部材PR5を用いた以外は例7と同様にして、例8の窓部材を得た。
(例9)
例1と同様にして、遠赤外線透過部材装着済みアタッチメントを貫通孔に取り付けた。
次いで、合わせガラスの貫通孔の中心と、保護部材PR6の直径53.5mmの孔の中心とが一致するように、合わせガラスと保護部材PR6とを位置決めしたうえで、ウレタン系接着剤を保護部材PR6の端部の前面に塗布して、合わせガラスの内側に接着した。接着層の厚みは1mmとした。なお、ウレタン系接着剤で接着させる対象面に対して、保護部材PR6側には金属用のプライマー、ガラス基体側には無機用のプライマーを予め塗布した。
常温で5日間乾燥させることによりウレタン系接着剤を硬化させて、保護部材PR6つき窓部材を作製した。
(例10)
まず、第1ガラス板の中心位置に直径51.5mmの貫通孔を形成する。貫通孔の内周面に対し、粗さ#800で仕上げ加工を行って、直径53.5mmの貫通孔とし、その後に、貫通孔の内周面と第1ガラス板の車外側表面との境界部、及び貫通孔の内周面と第1ガラス板の車内側表面との境界部の角を斜め45°に面取り(C0.5mm)して、開口部および面取部付き第1ガラス板を作製する。
次いで、第2ガラス板の中心位置に直径55.5mmの貫通孔を形成した。貫通孔の内周面に対し、粗さ#800で仕上げ加工を行って、直径57.5mmの貫通孔とし、その後に、貫通孔の内周面と第2ガラス板の車外側表面との境界部、及び貫通孔の内周面と第2ガラス板の車内側表面との境界部の角を斜め45°に面取り(C0.5mm)して、開口部および面取部付き第2ガラス板を作製する。
次いで、開口部および面取部付き第1ガラス板と、開口部および面取部付き第2ガラス板との間に厚み0.76mmのPVBを積層した合わせガラスを準備する。このとき、合わせガラスの厚み方向から見て、開口部および面取部付き第1ガラス板の直径53.5mmの孔が、開口部および面取部付き第2ガラス板の直径57.5mmの孔の内周よりも内側に入らないように中心を合わせる。積層後、開口部のPVBは直径53.5mmの貫通孔に沿って切り取る処理を行う。
次いで、例1と同様にして、遠赤外線透過部材装着済みアタッチメントを貫通孔に取り付ける。
次いで、合わせガラスの貫通孔の中心と、保護部材PR6の直径53.5mmの孔の中心とが一致するように、合わせガラスと保護部材PR6とを位置決めしたうえで、ウレタン系接着剤を保護部材PR6の端部の前面に塗布して、合わせガラスの内側に接着する。接着剤の厚みは1mmとする。なお、ウレタン系接着剤で接着させる対象面に対して、保護部材PR6側には金属用のプライマー、第2ガラス板側には無機用のプライマーを予め塗布する。
次いで、例6と同様に、保護部材PR3を、厚み0.6mmの変成シリコーン接着層を介して装着して、図13に示す構成の窓部材とする。図13は、例10の構成の窓部材の模式図である。図13は、図7の車両用ガラスに別の保護部材(一部)を接着した場合で、保護部材が2つに分かれている場合の模式図といえる。すなわち、図13に示すように、例10においては、保護部材PR6と保護部材PR3との2つが設けられているといえる。
(例11)
図11に示される保護部材PR7を用いた以外は例10と同様にして、保護部材PR7つき窓部材を作製する。すなわち、図11は、図13で分かれていた保護部材を一体にした場合の模式図であるといえる。保護部材PR7は例10における保護部材PR6と保護部材PR3とが一体化されているため、保護部材PR6と保護部材PR3とを別個に合わせガラスに接着させた例10の窓部材と比較して、保護部材PR7自体が高い機械的耐久性を有する。また、保護部材PR7が合わせガラスに強固に接着される。その結果、例11の窓部材は例10の窓部材よりさらに高い機械的耐久性を有する。
なお、ウレタン系接着剤と変成シリコーン接着剤は常温で5日間乾燥させることにより十分に硬化させた。
例1~5の窓部材を用いて、以下に示す落球強度評価を行った。
JIS R3211,3212-2015における耐衝撃性試験に準拠した落球装置及び支持枠を用いて評価を行った。
まず、窓部材を温度23℃、相対湿度50%に保った室内に4時間保持した後、外側(ガラス基体12側)の面が上向きになるように支持枠で固定した。次いで、窓部材の中心に、226gの鋼球を10mの高さから落下させた。この際、鋼球が窓部材を貫通せず、かつ衝撃面の反対側からの剥離破片の総質量が15g以下であれば合格とした。
(例12)
例4の窓部材を用いて、窓部材の中心から30mmずらした地点に鋼球を落下させた以外は例1~5と同様にして落球強度評価1を行った。
いずれの試験も合格したものを「○(マル)」と、不合格となったものを「×(バツ)」と評価した。評価結果を表1に示す。(落球強度評価1)
ここで、例1~2が実施例、例3~4が比較例、例5および例12が参考例である。表1に示すとおり、例1~2、例5および例12の窓部材は、落球強度評価1に合格し、仮に衝突物が遠赤外線透過部材の中心部付近に飛来した場合でも運転席側に到達してしまうことを抑制できることを確認できた。
例6の窓部材を40℃、相対湿度50%に保った室内に4時間保持した以外は落球強度評価1と同様にして、落球強度評価を行った。
<落球強度評価3>
例6~例8の窓部材を-20℃、相対湿度50%に保った室内に4時間保持した後、226gの鋼球を9mの高さから落下させた以外は落球強度評価1と同様にして、落球強度評価を行った。
<落球強度評価4>
例6の窓部材を温度23℃、相対湿度50%に保った室内に4時間保持した後、内側(ガラス基体14側)の面が上向きになるように支持枠で固定した。次いで、窓部材の中心に、2260gの鋼球を4mの高さから落下させた以外は落球強度評価1と同様にして、落球強度評価を行った。このとき、鋼球が窓部材を5秒以内に貫通しなければ合格とした。
いずれの試験も合格したものを「○(マル)」と、不合格となったものを「×(バツ)」と評価した。評価結果(落球強度評価2~4)を表2に示す。例6~9は実施例である。また、例10および例11は参考例である。
表2に示すとおり、例6の窓部材は、落球強度評価2~4のすべてに合格し、仮に高温条件、低温条件、室温条件で遠赤外線透過部材の中心部付近に衝突物が飛来した場合でも運転席側に到達してしまうことを抑制できることを確認できた。また、例6~8の窓部材は、接着層の接着力が低下し剥離しやすい低温条件での落球強度評価3にも合格し、仮に低温条件で遠赤外線透過部材の中心部付近に衝突物が飛来した場合でも運転席側に到達してしまうことを抑制できることを確認できた。
例9の窓部材を用いて、遠赤外線透過部材取付強度評価を行った。
窓部材の外周10mmの範囲を保持した状態で、遠赤外線透過部材の中央部に対し、直径15mmのリングを介して0.033mm/秒の荷重速度で荷重を加えた。なお、リングが遠赤外線透過部材に触れる部分のリングの角部には、半径0.75mmで角を丸くする加工(R加工)が施されている。図14に遠赤外線透過部材取付強度評価結果を示す。図14は、例9の窓部材を用いて行った遠赤外線透過部材取付け強度の評価結果のグラフである。荷重により、窓部材と遠赤外線透過部材取付部分が沈む様子が認められ、荷重27.8kgfで合わせガラスの孔のエッジから割れる結果となった。例9の窓部材は、耐風圧や手など押されることによる窓部材の破壊の防止に十分な取付強度(約20kgf)を有することを確認した。
この結果に対して、例10に示す合わせガラスにすることによって、開口部のエッジ強度が高まることで、取付強度をさらに高めることができる。
例1~2、例6~10、例12の窓部材を用いて、以下に示す熱画像視認評価を行った。
まず、窓部材を水平面からの角度が30°になるように設置した。次にカバー部を取り外し、遠赤外線カメラ(FLIR社製、Boson640,水平視野角HFOV:18°)をベースブラケットに装着後、カバー部を取り付けた。次いで、外気温28℃において、遠赤外カメラにより室内を撮影し、遠赤外カメラの視野が確保され、画質の劣化がないか、窓部材を介さない場合の熱画像と比較した。結果、画質が維持されていることを確認した。
10、12、14 ガラス基体
16 中間層
18 遮光層
19 開口部
20 遠赤外線透過部材
30 カバー部
40 保護部材
42 表面部
CA1 遠赤外カメラ
V 車両
Claims (17)
- 遮光領域を備える車両用ガラスであって、
前記遮光領域内に、開口部、及び前記開口部内に配置された遠赤外線透過部材が設けられる遠赤外線透過領域が形成されており、
さらに、前記遠赤外線透過部材よりも車内側に設けられ、前記遠赤外線透過部材の車外側の表面に直交する方向から見た場合に、前記遠赤外線透過部材の少なくとも一部に重なる保護部材を有する、
車両用ガラス。 - 前記保護部材は、前記遠赤外線透過部材の車外側の表面に直交する方向から見た場合に、前記遠赤外線透過部材の全域の30%以上の面積の領域に重なる、請求項1に記載の車両用ガラス。
- 前記保護部材は、前記遠赤外線透過部材の車外側の表面に直交する方向から見た場合に、前記遠赤外線透過部材の全域に重なる、請求項1又は2に記載の車両用ガラス。
- 前記遠赤外線透過部材よりも車内側には、遠赤外カメラが取りつけられ、
前記保護部材は、前記遠赤外カメラよりも車外側であって、前記遠赤外カメラの検出範囲と重ならない位置に設けられる、請求項1から請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の車両用ガラス。 - 前記保護部材は、前記遠赤外線透過部材に重なる表面部と、突出部と、固定部とを含み、前記固定部を介して前記車両用ガラスの車内側の表面に固定され、
前記表面部が、前記遠赤外カメラ側に向かうに従って前記遠赤外線透過部材と離れるように、前記遠赤外線透過部材に対して傾斜して設けられている、請求項4に記載の車両用ガラス。 - 前記保護部材は、前記遠赤外線透過部材に重なる表面部の幅が、前記遠赤外カメラ側に向かうに従って小さくなる、請求項4又は請求項5に記載の車両用ガラス。
- 前記遠赤外線透過部材よりも車内側に設けられ、前記保護部材及び前記遠赤外カメラを収納するカバー部をさらに含む、請求項4から請求項6のいずれか1項に記載の車両用ガラス。
- 前記保護部材は、前記遠赤外線透過部材より破断強度が高い材料で構成されている、請求項1から請求項7のいずれか1項に記載の車両用ガラス。
- 前記保護部材の材料は、ステンレス、アルミ合金、銅合金、圧延鋼板および繊維強化樹脂から選ばれる1種である、請求項8に記載の車両用ガラス。
- 前記保護部材は、接着層を介して前記車両用ガラスの車内側の表面に固定され、
前記接着層が、ウレタン系接着剤又はシリコーン接着剤の硬化物を含む、請求項1から請求項9のいずれか1項に記載の車両用ガラス。 - 前記遠赤外線透過部材は、Si、Ge、ZnS、及びカルコゲナイトガラスの群より選ばれる少なくとも1種で構成される基材を含む、請求項1から請求項10のいずれか1項に記載の車両用ガラス。
- 前記遠赤外線透過部材は、外周縁に枠部材が設けられ、枠部材を介して前記開口部に取り付けられる、請求項1から請求項11のいずれか1項に記載の車両用ガラス。
- 車外側の面における前記開口部の面積が、車内側の面における前記開口部の面積より小さい、請求項1から請求項12のいずれか1項に記載の車両用ガラス。
- 車外側に設けられた第1ガラス基体と、第2ガラス基体とが積層された合わせガラスである、請求項1から請求項13のいずれか1項に記載の車両用ガラス。
- 前記第2ガラス基体の前記開口部の面積が、前記第1ガラス基体の開口部の面積より大きい、請求項14に記載の車両用ガラス。
- 前記第1ガラス基体の前記開口部と車内側の表面との境界部、前記第1ガラス基体の前記開口部と車外側の表面との境界部、前記第2ガラス基体の前記開口部と車内側の表面との境界部、および前記第2ガラス基体の前記開口部と車外側の表面との境界部に、面取部を有する、請求項14または請求項15に記載の車両用ガラス。
- 第1ガラス基体および第2ガラス基体のそれぞれを厚み方向に貫通する開口部を穿孔し、
前記第1ガラス基体の前記開口部と車内側の表面との境界部、前記第1ガラス基体の前記開口部と車外側の表面との境界部、前記第2ガラス基体の前記開口部と車内側の表面との境界部、および前記第2ガラス基体の前記開口部と車外側の表面との境界部を、面取り加工し、
前記第1ガラス基体の前記開口部と、前記第2ガラス基体の前記開口部とを位置決めした後、中間層を介して接合して、合わせガラスとし、
前記開口部内に遠赤外線透過部材を設置し、
さらに、前記遠赤外線透過部材よりも車内側に、前記遠赤外線透過部材の車外側の表面に直交する方向から見た場合に、前記遠赤外線透過部材の少なくとも一部に重なる保護部材を設置する、車両用ガラスの製造方法。
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US (1) | US20230345092A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP4275961A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2022149374A1 (ja) |
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WO (1) | WO2022149374A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2024111480A1 (ja) * | 2022-11-21 | 2024-05-30 | Agc株式会社 | カメラ付き車両用窓ガラス及び画像処理方法 |
DE102023000267A1 (de) | 2023-01-30 | 2024-08-01 | Mercedes-Benz Group AG | Fahrzeugscheibe für einen Kraftwagen und Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Fahrzeugscheibe |
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WO2003059837A1 (fr) * | 2002-01-11 | 2003-07-24 | Nippon Sheet Glass Company, Limited | Verre de securite destine a des vehicules et procede de fabrication |
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JP2006327381A (ja) * | 2005-05-25 | 2006-12-07 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 合せガラスおよびその製造方法 |
JP2015509458A (ja) * | 2012-03-05 | 2015-03-30 | サン−ゴバン グラス フランスSaint−Gobain Glass France | 電気加熱可能なバッフルプレートを備えたウインドガラス装置 |
JP2017092736A (ja) * | 2015-11-11 | 2017-05-25 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 車載撮像装置 |
JP2019116150A (ja) * | 2017-12-27 | 2019-07-18 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 車両用撮影装置及び加熱装置 |
JP2020536035A (ja) * | 2017-10-04 | 2020-12-10 | サン−ゴバン グラス フランス | 面取りした貫通孔を有する複合ガラスペイン |
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2021
- 2021-11-30 EP EP21917596.5A patent/EP4275961A1/en active Pending
- 2021-11-30 JP JP2022573943A patent/JPWO2022149374A1/ja active Pending
- 2021-11-30 CN CN202180089330.0A patent/CN116745174A/zh active Pending
- 2021-11-30 WO PCT/JP2021/043832 patent/WO2022149374A1/ja active Application Filing
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2023
- 2023-06-30 US US18/217,462 patent/US20230345092A1/en active Pending
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JPH01154486U (ja) * | 1988-04-15 | 1989-10-24 | ||
GB2271139A (en) | 1992-10-03 | 1994-04-06 | Pilkington Plc | Vehicle window with insert of high infra-red transmittance |
US20030169491A1 (en) | 2000-07-10 | 2003-09-11 | Eliyahu Bender | Impaired vision assist system and method |
WO2003059837A1 (fr) * | 2002-01-11 | 2003-07-24 | Nippon Sheet Glass Company, Limited | Verre de securite destine a des vehicules et procede de fabrication |
JP2006327381A (ja) * | 2005-05-25 | 2006-12-07 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 合せガラスおよびその製造方法 |
JP2015509458A (ja) * | 2012-03-05 | 2015-03-30 | サン−ゴバン グラス フランスSaint−Gobain Glass France | 電気加熱可能なバッフルプレートを備えたウインドガラス装置 |
JP2017092736A (ja) * | 2015-11-11 | 2017-05-25 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 車載撮像装置 |
JP2020536035A (ja) * | 2017-10-04 | 2020-12-10 | サン−ゴバン グラス フランス | 面取りした貫通孔を有する複合ガラスペイン |
JP2019116150A (ja) * | 2017-12-27 | 2019-07-18 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 車両用撮影装置及び加熱装置 |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2024111480A1 (ja) * | 2022-11-21 | 2024-05-30 | Agc株式会社 | カメラ付き車両用窓ガラス及び画像処理方法 |
DE102023000267A1 (de) | 2023-01-30 | 2024-08-01 | Mercedes-Benz Group AG | Fahrzeugscheibe für einen Kraftwagen und Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Fahrzeugscheibe |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN116745174A (zh) | 2023-09-12 |
JPWO2022149374A1 (ja) | 2022-07-14 |
US20230345092A1 (en) | 2023-10-26 |
EP4275961A1 (en) | 2023-11-15 |
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