WO2022143721A1 - 外科吻合器 - Google Patents

外科吻合器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022143721A1
WO2022143721A1 PCT/CN2021/142297 CN2021142297W WO2022143721A1 WO 2022143721 A1 WO2022143721 A1 WO 2022143721A1 CN 2021142297 W CN2021142297 W CN 2021142297W WO 2022143721 A1 WO2022143721 A1 WO 2022143721A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
firing
assembly
staple cartridge
surgical stapler
anvil
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/142297
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
单腾
曹元阳
Original Assignee
天臣国际医疗科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202011607216.6A external-priority patent/CN114680976A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202011602221.8A external-priority patent/CN114680974A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202023275967.0U external-priority patent/CN214907508U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202011607211.3A external-priority patent/CN114680975A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202023275224.3U external-priority patent/CN214907506U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202023274748.0U external-priority patent/CN214907505U/zh
Application filed by 天臣国际医疗科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 天臣国际医疗科技股份有限公司
Priority to JP2023600092U priority Critical patent/JP3244798U/ja
Priority to BR212023012430U priority patent/BR212023012430U2/pt
Priority to DE212021000536.5U priority patent/DE212021000536U1/de
Publication of WO2022143721A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022143721A1/zh

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/11Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for performing anastomosis; Buttons for anastomosis
    • A61B17/115Staplers for performing anastomosis in a single operation
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/31Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor for the rectum, e.g. proctoscopes, sigmoidoscopes, colonoscopes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/064Surgical staples, i.e. penetrating the tissue
    • A61B17/0644Surgical staples, i.e. penetrating the tissue penetrating the tissue, deformable to closed position
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/11Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for performing anastomosis; Buttons for anastomosis
    • A61B17/1114Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for performing anastomosis; Buttons for anastomosis of the digestive tract, e.g. bowels or oesophagus
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/00477Coupling
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B2017/07214Stapler heads
    • A61B2017/07221Stapler heads curved
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B2017/07214Stapler heads
    • A61B2017/07228Arrangement of the staples
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B2017/07214Stapler heads
    • A61B2017/07257Stapler heads characterised by its anvil
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B2017/07214Stapler heads
    • A61B2017/07271Stapler heads characterised by its cartridge
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B2017/07214Stapler heads
    • A61B2017/07278Stapler heads characterised by its sled or its staple holder
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B2017/07214Stapler heads
    • A61B2017/07285Stapler heads characterised by its cutter

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a surgical stapler.
  • fistula tracts may be formed in the human body due to various reasons, and the fistula tract refers to the pathological pus draining conduits caused by abscesses and connected between the body and the luminal organ or between the two luminal organs.
  • Anastomotic leakage is one of the common complications after gastrointestinal anastomosis. After gastrointestinal anastomosis, fistulas appear at the anastomosis, which will pose a great threat to the patient's health.
  • tissue openings that need to be closed may also appear after excision.
  • tissue openings that need to be closed may also appear after excision.
  • the structures of the existing instruments are often complicated, and the firing assembly is difficult to replace.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a surgical stapler, which can complete the closure and firing of the stapler by driving the firing component through the driving component, perform anastomosis on tissue, realize tissue suture or tissue opening closure, and fire the component. It can be separated from the casing and replaced, so that the instrument can be reused.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a surgical stapler, comprising:
  • the side wall of the shell is provided with a window
  • a firing assembly located at the proximal end side of the anvil, the firing assembly is provided with staples inside, the firing assembly is at least partially detachably connected to the housing, and the firing assembly is relative to the housing the body is movable in the axial direction of the stapler;
  • the firing assembly includes a staple cartridge assembly and a firing block, the staple anvil, the staple cartridge assembly and the firing block in sequence from distal to proximal in the axial direction of the stapler
  • the firing block is detachably connected to the housing.
  • the firing block and the housing are detachably connected through a first connecting piece, the first connecting piece is fixed on the housing, and the firing block is provided with the first connecting piece.
  • the guide groove for the connector to mate with.
  • the first connecting member includes a first matching portion, a connecting portion and a second matching portion arranged in sequence, the width of the second matching portion is greater than the width of the guide groove; the first matching portion
  • the connecting portion is fixed on the casing, and the connecting portion is inserted into the guide groove, so that the first matching portion and the second matching portion are located on the inner and outer sides of the firing block, respectively.
  • the distal end side of the guide groove is provided with a guide groove hole, and the width of the guide groove hole is larger than the width of the second fitting portion.
  • the drive assembly includes a drive handle including a firing engagement portion, a pivot portion, and a grip portion in sequence, the pivot portion being rotatably connected to the housing, so that The firing engagement portion is rotatably connected to the firing assembly.
  • a fixed handle is disposed on the proximal end side of the housing, and the pivoting portion is detachably connected to the fixed handle through a second connecting member.
  • a safety pin is further included, inserted into the connection position of the pivot portion and the fixed handle.
  • a mounting groove for accommodating the pivoting portion is formed in the fixed handle, and the safety pin can enter or be disengaged from the mounting groove.
  • a transmission member is further included, and two ends of the transmission member are respectively rotatably connected to the proximal end side of the firing assembly and the firing matching portion of the driving handle.
  • the proximal end side of the firing assembly is provided with a first pivot shaft, and one end of the transmission member includes a hook portion, the hook portion is rotatably and detachably hung on the first pivot shaft .
  • the proximal end side of the firing assembly is provided with a stop portion located on the distal end side of the first pivot shaft.
  • one end of the transmission member includes a second connection hole
  • the proximal end side of the firing block is provided with a third connection hole
  • the second connection hole and the third connection hole can be connected through a connection pin. Swivel and detachable connection.
  • the anvil and the firing assembly are both disposed close to the inner sidewall of the housing, and the firing assembly and the pivoting portion are located on two sides of the centerline of the housing, respectively.
  • the drive assembly further includes a second elastic member located between the drive handle and the housing.
  • the staple cartridge assembly includes a staple cartridge, the staple cartridge has a first position and a second position, in an initial state, the staple cartridge is in the first position, and when the stapler is fired, the drive assembly pushes the staple cartridge toward the second position by the firing block toward the distal side of the stapler;
  • the drive assembly continues to push the firing block toward the distal side of the stapler, the firing block orients the staples in the staple cartridge toward the stapler Anvil is pushed out.
  • the staple cartridge assembly includes a staple cartridge and a first elastic member within the staple cartridge, a distal side of the first elastic member abuts a distal side of the staple cartridge, the staple cartridge The proximal side of the first elastic piece abuts the distal side of the firing block.
  • a guide rail extending along the axial direction of the stapler is further included, and the anvil and the firing assembly are sleeved on the guide rail.
  • two guide rails are included, and two sides of the staple cartridge assembly are respectively provided with a staple cartridge guide portion sleeved on the guide rails.
  • a light-emitting component is further included, and the light-emitting component is located inside the housing.
  • the staple cartridge assembly includes a staple cartridge with the staples disposed therein and a cutter disposed on the firing block.
  • the distal side of the staple cartridge is provided with a cutter slot and a staple hole
  • the distal side of the firing block is provided with a firing piece
  • the firing piece corresponds to the position of the staple hole
  • the cutter corresponds to the position of the cutter groove.
  • the cutter slot is a straight slot or an arc slot
  • the nail holes are located on the same side of the cutter slot, and the nail hole is close to the cutter slot relative to the cutter slot.
  • the inner wall of the casing is provided.
  • the anvil is further provided with a cutting engagement portion, and the cutting engagement portion corresponds to the position of the cutter slot.
  • the cutting engagement portion is an anvil or a groove extending distally on the anvil.
  • the firing assembly is provided with a first limiting portion
  • the first connecting member is provided with a second limiting portion
  • the first limiting portion and the second limiting portion The part cooperates to limit the movement of the firing assembly toward the anvil.
  • the first limiting portion is protruding from the firing assembly or a groove
  • the second limiting portion is a groove or protruding from the first connecting member; in an initial state, The second limiting portion is located at the distal end side of the first limiting portion or fitted with the first limiting portion.
  • opposite sides of the first limiting portion and the second limiting portion are respectively provided with a first guide surface and a second guide surface.
  • first limiting portion and the second limiting portion there are two sets of the first limiting portion and the second limiting portion, which are arranged symmetrically along the axial direction of the stapler.
  • the invention provides an instrument for tissue anastomosis.
  • a surgical stapler is placed at a diseased position, and the tissue to be anastomosed is pulled into between an anvil and a firing assembly through a window, and the firing assembly is driven by operating a driving assembly to complete the process.
  • the staples in the firing assembly are formed at the staple anvil to perform anastomosis on the tissue, so that tissue suture or tissue opening closure is realized, the structure is simplified, the operation is simple, and the firing assembly and the housing are detachable It can be easily replaced when not in use, and the instrument can be reused. For example, in patients with anorectal fistula, when there is more than one fistula and fistula, only the firing assembly needs to be replaced, which can reduce the cost of the patient. .
  • Fig. 1 is the front view of the surgical stapler in the initial state of the first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 are perspective views of the surgical stapler in the initial state of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the handle fitting in the initial state of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation of the nail anvil and the firing assembly in the initial state of the first embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the staple cartridge assembly and the firing block in the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the anvil and the firing assembly according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the staple according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is the sectional view of A1-A1 direction in Fig. 5;
  • FIG. 10 is a front view of the surgical stapler when the first embodiment of the present invention is fired
  • FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the surgical stapler during firing of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the nail anvil and the firing assembly during the firing process according to the first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the nail anvil and the firing assembly when the firing is completed according to the first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view in the direction A2-A2 of FIG. 13;
  • 15 is a front view of the stapler reset after firing according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • 16 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation of the housing, the driving assembly and the firing assembly according to the first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the housing and the drive assembly according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 18 and Figure 19 are schematic structural diagrams of the first embodiment of the present invention in which the firing block cooperates with the first connector;
  • 20 is a bottom view of the matching structure of the firing block and the first connecting piece in the initial state of the first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 21 is a bottom view of the matching structure of the firing block and the first connecting piece after the firing of the first embodiment of the present invention is completed;
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic structural diagram of a surgical stapler with a safety pin according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • 23 is a schematic structural diagram of the surgical stapler after the safety pin is taken out from the housing according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 24 is a schematic structural diagram of a surgical stapler according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 25 and Figure 26 are schematic diagrams of the matching positions of the firing assembly and the driving assembly according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 27 is a schematic diagram of the firing assembly of the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • 29 is a cross-sectional view of the engagement of the nail anvil and the firing assembly in the initial state of the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 30 is a cross-sectional view of the engagement of the nail anvil and the firing assembly under the firing state of the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • 31 and 32 are schematic diagrams of the cooperation of the cutter and the staple cartridge under the firing state of the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 33 is a schematic structural diagram of the surgical stapler after removing the casing according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 34 is the bottom view of the first connecting member and the firing block in the initial state of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 35 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation of the first connector and the firing block in the initial state of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 36 is a schematic structural diagram of the first connector according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 38 and FIG. 39 are schematic diagrams of the cooperation of the first limiting portion and the second limiting portion according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • Example embodiments can be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art.
  • the same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and thus their repeated descriptions will be omitted.
  • the present invention provides a surgical stapler, comprising: a hollow housing, a window is opened on the side wall of the housing; a nail anvil is fixed inside the housing; a firing assembly is located near the nail anvil On the end side, the interior of the firing assembly is provided with staples, the firing assembly is detachably connected to the housing, and the firing assembly is movable relative to the housing in the axial direction of the stapler and a drive assembly that pushes the firing assembly to move toward the distal side of the stapler when the stapler is fired, and pushes the staples in the firing assembly toward the anvil.
  • the surgical stapler can be used for tissue anastomosis. Firstly, a surgical stapler is placed at the lesion site, and the tissue to be anastomosed is pulled into the interior of the casing through the window of the side wall of the casing, so that the tissue is located between the anvil and the firing assembly, Then, the firing assembly is driven by the driving assembly to move toward the distal end of the stapler to clamp the tissue with the staple anvil to achieve the closure of the stapler, and the staples in the firing assembly are formed at the staple anvil to perform anastomosis on the tissue, the structure is simplified, easy to use.
  • the anvil and the firing component can be closed to clamp the tissue, and the staples can be driven to push out and form. That is, the stapler can be closed and fired by using a set of driving components. streamline.
  • the firing assembly is detachably connected to the housing, and the firing assembly can be replaced when not in use, thereby realizing the reusability of the instrument.
  • a first embodiment of the present invention provides a surgical stapler, comprising: a hollow casing 1, a window 13 is opened on the side wall of the casing 1; an anvil 2, which is fixed on the The interior of the housing 1; the firing assembly, located on the proximal end side of the anvil 2, the interior of the firing assembly is provided with staples, the firing assembly is at least partially detachably connected to the housing, and all The firing assembly is movable in the axial direction of the stapler; and a drive assembly 7 pushes the firing assembly toward the distal side of the stapler when the stapler is fired, and The staples in the firing assembly are pushed out toward the anvil 2 .
  • the surgical stapler When using the stapler to suture tissue or anastomotic tissue openings, the surgical stapler is first placed on the lesion site, for example, the surgical stapler is placed into the rectum through the anus to suture or suture the tissue in the rectum. The tissue opening is closed.
  • the surgical stapler can also be used for tissue suturing or tissue opening closure in other positions of the digestive tract, which all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
  • the firing assembly is detachably connected to the housing, and the firing assembly can be replaced when not in use, thereby realizing the reusability of the instrument.
  • tools such as surgical forceps can be used to pull the tissue to be anastomosed into the housing 1 through the window 13 on the side wall of the housing 1, so that the tissue enters the staple anvil 2 and the firing assembly, then the firing assembly is driven by the driving assembly 7 to move toward the distal end of the stapler to clamp the tissue with the anvil 2, that is, the stapler is closed, and then the driving assembly 7 can further drive the firing
  • the staples in the assembly are formed at the anvil to perform anastomosis on the tissue, so as to achieve tissue suturing or tissue opening closure. Therefore, the present invention can realize the closing and firing of the stapler by using a set of driving components, and the structure is more simplified.
  • the housing 1 is tubular or approximately tubular, the window 13 is arranged on the side wall of the housing 1, and in the initial state, the nail anvil 2 and the firing assembly are respectively located in the window Both ends of 13, so that during the anastomosis of digestive tract tissue, the stapler fits the natural growth shape of the tissue, the window 13 is close to the tissue to be anastomosed, and it is easier to pull the tissue to be anastomosed into the casing. 1.
  • the tissue after anastomosis is closer to the natural shape of human tissue, and will not cause discomfort such as foreign body sensation after operation.
  • the firing assembly in an initial state, is located at the proximal side of the window 13 , and the driving assembly 7 pushes the firing assembly toward the distal side of the stapler During movement, the firing assembly gradually approaches the anvil 2 and gradually covers the window 13 and pushes out the staples in the firing assembly toward the anvil 2 .
  • the driving assembly 7 includes a driving handle 71 and a second elastic member 73 , the driving handle 71 is rotatably connected with the housing 1 , and the second elastic member 73 is located at the between the drive assembly 7 and the housing 1 .
  • a fixed handle 12 is disposed on the proximal side of the housing 1 , and the first end 731 and the second end 732 of the second elastic member 73 abut against the fixed handle 12 and the driving handle 71 respectively.
  • the driving handle 71 includes an elastic stopper 7131 extending along the length direction of the driving handle 71 , and the second end 732 of the second elastic piece 73 abuts against the elastic
  • the stopper portion 7131 of the elastic piece is movable along the extending direction of the stopper portion 7131 of the elastic piece.
  • the second end 732 of the second elastic member 73 has a raised portion, and the raised portion can be raised upward or downward compared with the main body portion of the second elastic member 73 . , the raised portion abuts against the side of the elastic member stop portion 7131 of the driving handle 71 facing the fixing handle 12 .
  • the structural shape of the raised portion of the second end 732 may also be other such as a circular arc surface, so as to reduce the frictional force between the second end 732 and the stop portion 7131 of the elastic member.
  • the second end 732 of the second elastic member 73 defines a through slot 733 , and the through slot 733 extends along the length direction of the second elastic member 73 .
  • the second elastic member 73 is more likely to elastically deform on the side close to the driving handle 71 , and it is more convenient for the operator to compress the second elastic member 73 to deform when holding the driving handle 71 .
  • the firing assembly includes a staple cartridge assembly 3 and a firing block 5.
  • the staple cartridge assembly 3 includes a staple cartridge 31 for carrying staples, from the distal side of the stapler to the proximal end In the lateral direction, the staple anvil 2, the staple cartridge 31 and the firing block 5 are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the stapler.
  • the firing block 5 is detachably connected to the housing 1, and the firing block 5 and the staple cartridge 31 can move in the axial direction of the stapler.
  • the distal side and the proximal side are relative to the operator, the end that is closer to the operator is the proximal side, and the end that is farther from the operator, that is, the end that is closer to the surgical site, is the distal end
  • the end side, the direction along the axis of the stapler is the axial direction, that is, the direction from the distal side of the stapler to the proximal side, or the direction from the proximal side to the distal side of the stapler.
  • the distal side 11 of the housing 1 is the left side of the housing 1
  • the fixed handle 12 of the housing 1 is located on the proximal side of the housing 1 .
  • the S1 direction is the direction from the proximal side to the distal side
  • the S2 direction is the direction from the distal side to the proximal side
  • the distal end side 41 of the guide rail 4 is the left end side
  • the proximal end side 42 of the guide rail 4 is the right end side.
  • the up-down direction is defined as the up-down direction in the viewing angle of FIG. 1 , that is, in FIG. 1
  • the D1 direction is the upward direction.
  • the left-right direction is defined by the D2 direction in FIG. 20 .
  • the inner side and the outer side are relative to the axis of the component, the side close to the axis is the inner side, and the side away from the axis is the outer side.
  • the driving handle 71 when the driving handle 71 is held and moved in a first direction, the driving handle 71 pushes the firing block 5 toward the distal end of the stapler sideways movement.
  • the driving handle 71 includes a firing fitting portion 711 , a pivoting portion 712 and a gripping portion 713 arranged in sequence, the pivoting portion 712 is rotatably connected to the housing 1 , and the firing The engaging portion 711 is rotatably connected to the proximal end side of the firing block 5 . As shown in FIG.
  • the stapler further includes a transmission member 6 , and both ends of the transmission member 6 are rotatably connected to the proximal end side of the firing block 5 and the drive member 6 respectively.
  • the firing engagement portion 711 of the handle 71 Both the nail anvil 2 and the firing assembly are disposed close to the inner side wall of the housing 1 to increase the field of view and operating space in the housing 1 .
  • the firing assembly and the pivot portion 712 are located on both sides of the centerline of the housing 1 to obtain higher firing force transmission efficiency. In this embodiment, the firing assembly is located on the upper side of the centerline of the housing 1 , and the pivot portion 712 is located on the lower side of the centerline of the housing 1 .
  • the firing assembly may also be located on the lower side of the centerline of the housing 1, and the pivot portion 712 may be located on the upper side of the centerline of the housing 1, etc., all of which belong to the present invention. within the scope of protection of the invention.
  • a proximal end opening 15 is opened on the proximal end side of the casing 1 , and the firing assembly enters the interior of the casing 1 from the proximal end opening 15 .
  • the operator can also see the inside of the stapler through the proximal opening 15 and use surgical tools such as forceps to operate on the tissue to be stapled.
  • the staple anvil 2 and the staple cartridge assembly 3 are both located above the interior of the housing 1 , the window 13 is opened on the upper surface of the housing 1 , and the window 13
  • the position of the anvil 2 corresponds to the position of the staple anvil 2 , which facilitates pulling the tissue to be anastomosed between the staple anvil 2 and the staple cartridge assembly 3 through the window 13 .
  • the window 13 may also be provided at other positions on the side wall of the housing 1 , and is not limited to the position shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the distal end of the housing 1 is provided with a distal opening 111 , and the distal opening 111 prevents the distal end of the stapler from being damaged when the stapler is placed into the tissue.
  • a closed space is formed between the cavity and the tissue cavity to avoid the influence of the normally secreted gas or liquid and contents inside the digestive tract.
  • the anvil 2 and the cartridge assembly 3 are both disposed close to the inner upper surface of the housing 1, and the anvil 2 and the cartridge assembly 3 are both wall-shaped and occupy little space The structure is more convenient for the operator to observe the inside of the casing 1 and provides a larger operating space.
  • the distal opening 111 is located in the middle of the distal side surface of the housing 1, that is, the distal opening 111 is aligned with the axis of the stapler, and is a circular opening .
  • the distal opening 111 may also be opened at other positions or in other shapes.
  • the distal opening 111 may be disposed on at least two through distal sides of the distal side wall. Circular or elliptical openings of the wall all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
  • the distal side surface of the housing 1 may be an arc-shaped surface for guiding, that is, the diameter of the distal side of the housing 1 is smaller than the diameter of the main body portion thereof, so that it is An approximately conical guide part is formed on the distal side, which can more easily guide the casing 1 to be inserted into the rectum through the anus, or guide the casing 1 to enter other pathological parts of the digestive tract more easily, while protecting the mucosal layer from damage. be damaged.
  • the surgical stapler further includes a light-emitting component, and the light-emitting component is located inside the housing 1 .
  • the light-emitting component may be a luminous coating, which is coated on the inner surface of the housing 1, and will naturally emit light in a dark environment.
  • the light-emitting component may also adopt other structures, such as a light-emitting block coated with a luminous coating or embedded with a luminous coating, which all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 1 to 15 it is a schematic structural diagram of the surgical stapler in this embodiment in an initial state (ie, when it is not fired). As shown in Figures 10-14, it is a schematic structural diagram of the surgical stapler in this embodiment when it is fired. As shown in FIG. 15 , it is a schematic structural diagram of the surgical stapler in this embodiment being reset after firing.
  • the staple cartridge 31 in different states, has a first position and a second position, the second position being located on the distal side of the first position.
  • the firing block 5 has a third position, a fourth position, and a fifth position, the fourth position being on the distal side of the third position, and the fifth position being on the distal side of the fourth position.
  • the staple cartridge 31 in an initial state, is located at the first position, and the first position is located at the proximal end side of the window 13 .
  • the staple cartridge 31 may be completely located at the proximal end side of the window 13, that is, not overlapping with the window 13, or the staple cartridge 31 may be partially located at the proximal end side of the window 13, that is, partially aligned with the window 13.
  • the windows 13 coincide, but are entirely located on the opposite proximal side of said windows 13 .
  • the driving handle 71 in an initial state, the driving handle 71 is not held, the staple cartridge 31 is in an initial first position, and the firing block 5 is in an initial third position.
  • the surgical stapler further comprises a guide rail 4 extending along the axial direction of the stapler, the staple anvil 2 , the staple cartridge assembly 3 and the staple cartridge assembly 3 .
  • the firing block 5 is sequentially sleeved on the guide rail 4 from the distal side to the proximal side of the stapler.
  • the guide rail 4 can guide and limit the movement of the staple cartridge assembly 3 and the firing block 5 in the axial direction, and keep the staple cartridge assembly 3 and the staple anvil 2 aligned in the axial direction, thereby ensuring the After the staples in the staple cartridge assembly 3 are pushed out, they can be formed at corresponding positions on the staple anvil surface 22 of the staple anvil 2 .
  • the distal side 41 of the guide rail 4 can be fixed to the interior of the housing 1 and the nail anvil 2 to the interior of the housing 1 to keep the guide rail 4 and the nail anvil 2 relative to the housing The positional stability of the body 1, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the firing block 5 and the cartridge assembly 3 can be removed from the proximal side 42 of the guide rail 4 .
  • the surgical stapler includes two guide rails 4 , and two sides of the staple anvil 2 , the staple cartridge 31 and the firing block 5 are respectively sleeved Installed on the guide rail 4 .
  • the guide rails 4 are not limited to two, but can also be set to one or more, which all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
  • An anvil guide portion 21 is respectively provided on both sides of the anvil anvil 2 , sleeved on the two guide rails 4 , and an anvil surface 22 is between the two anvil guide portions 21 .
  • the staple cartridge 31 includes two staple cartridge guide portions 311 , which are respectively sleeved on the two guide rails 4 , and a staple cartridge surface 312 is formed between the two staple cartridge guide portions 311 , and a plurality of staple holes are provided in the staple cartridge surface 312 .
  • the nail holes 3121 can be arranged in one row or in multiple rows. When the nail holes 3121 are in at least two rows, they can be arranged staggered with each other, that is, the projections of the nail holes 3121 on the inner ring and the nail holes 3121 on the outer ring in the diametrical direction coincide.
  • the staples 33 shown in FIG. 8 are disposed inside the staple holes 3121 of the staple cartridge 31 .
  • the firing block 5 pushes the staples 33 out of the staple holes 3121 of the staple cartridge 31 .
  • the distal side of the firing block 5 is provided with a firing piece 51 for pushing the staples 33 out of the staple cartridge 31 when the stapler is fired.
  • the sides are respectively provided with firing guides 52 .
  • the staple 33 includes a fixed end 331 and a pointed end 332 , and the fixed end 331 of the staple 33 is fixed to the inner side of the staple cartridge 31 .
  • the firing piece 51 of the firing block 5 pushes the spiked ends 332 of the staples 33 through the staple holes 3121 , and then reaches the staple anvil 2 after piercing the tissue.
  • the staples in FIG. 8 are only examples, and in other alternative embodiments, the staples may adopt other shapes and structures, which all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
  • the staples are "B"-shaped staples, and the staples include two tissue-piercing legs on both sides. When the staples are formed on the anvil, The two staple legs of the staple are pressed against the staple groove of the staple anvil to bend and deform, so that the staple is shaped like a "B" shape.
  • the driving handle 71 when the driving handle 71 is held in the first direction (ie, the S3 direction in FIG. 10 ), the driving handle 71 rotates in the first direction, and the firing engaging portion 711 moves to the distal side direction (ie, FIG. 10 ). 1) push the firing block 5, so that the firing block 5 moves from the third position to the distal side direction to the fourth position, that is, to the position shown in Figure 12, when the firing block 5 moves from the third position to the fourth position.
  • the firing block 5 and the staple cartridge 31 are linked, and the staple cartridge 31 moves to the distal side under the pushing action of the firing block 5 to the second position, where the second position is the staple.
  • the anvil 2 and the staple cartridge 31 clamp the surgical site of the tissue, that is, the closure of the stapler is achieved.
  • the second elastic member 73 is pressed by the driving handle 71 to have a certain amount of elastic deformation.
  • the firing block 5 When the firing block 5 is in the fourth position, it continues to hold the driving handle 71 in the first direction, and the driving handle 71 drives the firing block 5 to continue to move in the distal direction to the fifth position, that is, the firing block 5 as shown in FIG. 13 .
  • the firing block 5 and the staple cartridge 31 are no longer linked, and the position of the staple cartridge 31 remains in the second position. Therefore, the distal end of the firing block 5 at least partially enters the interior of the staple cartridge 31, so that the distal end of the firing block 3 can push the staples inside the staple cartridge 31 toward the anvil 2 to achieve the firing of the stapler.
  • the second elastic member 73 is further pressed by the driving handle 71 to have a larger elastic deformation amount. Therefore, the present invention can realize the closing and firing of the stapler through one actuating handle 71 .
  • the driving handle 71 rotates from the firing position along the second direction (ie, the S4 direction in FIG. 15 ), and rebounds to its initial position, realizing the reset of the stapler, and the second direction is opposite to the first direction .
  • the driving handle 71 since the driving handle 71 is rotatably connected to the firing assembly, when the driving handle 71 rotates in the second direction, it drives the firing block 5 to move toward the proximal side of the stapler, thereby realizing the The staple cartridge 31 returns to the first position.
  • the second elastic member 73 may also be disposed between the fixed handle 12 and the firing fitting portion 711 of the driving handle 71 , or may be disposed on the side of the housing 1 .
  • the space between the wall and the firing engaging portion 711 or the holding portion 713 of the driving handle 71 falls within the protection scope of the present invention.
  • the second elastic member 73 may also adopt elastic structures such as compression springs, tension springs, and torsion springs.
  • the firing assembly further includes a first elastic member 32 , and two ends of the first elastic member 32 respectively press against the staple cartridge 31 and the firing Block 5.
  • the first elastic member 32 is located inside the staple cartridge 31 , the distal side of the first elastic member 32 abuts the distal side of the staple cartridge 31 , and the proximal side of the first elastic member 32 against the distal side of the firing block 5 .
  • the first elastic member 32 includes two compression springs, the two compression springs are respectively disposed in the two staple cartridge guide parts 311 of the staple cartridge 31 , and They are respectively sleeved on the two guide rails 4 .
  • the first elastic member 32 is disposed between the distal side of the firing guide portion 52 and the distal side of the staple cartridge 31 .
  • the staple cartridge 31 In the initial state (ie, the state of FIG. 9 ), the staple cartridge 31 is in the first position, the firing block 5 is in the third position, and at this time, the first elastic member 32 may be in an uncompressed state It can also be in a state with a certain initial compression amount.
  • the driving handle 71 is held, and the pushing force of the driving handle 71 to the firing block 5 is not enough to overcome the resistance of the first elastic member 32 to deformation. Therefore, the staple cartridge 31 and the firing block 5 realize linkage through the first elastic member 32, the firing block 5 pushes the staple cartridge 31 to move to the side of the staple anvil 2 synchronously, and the firing block 5 moves To the fourth position, the staple cartridge 31 moves to the second position (ie, the state of FIG.
  • the driving handle 71 drives the staple cartridge assembly 3 toward the stapler.
  • the end-side direction movement returns to the first position of the initial state.
  • the driving handle 71 is rotated and reset in the second direction, the first elastic member 32 is no longer subjected to the pushing force in the distal direction, and under the action of its own elastic restoring force, the first elastic member 32 is pushed toward the proximal direction.
  • the firing piece 51 and the firing block 5 are retracted relative to the staple cartridge 31 to a third position inside the staple cartridge 31 in the initial state under the action of the first elastic member 32 .
  • the first elastic member 32 can be a structure such as a spring, a metal shrapnel, or a flexible material block that can be compressed after being subjected to external force, such as a rubber block, a silicone block, etc., all of which belong to the protection of the present invention. within the range.
  • the first elastic member 32 may not be provided, but a friction damping mechanism (for example, the inner wall of the proximal end of the staple cartridge 31 or the outer wall of the distal end of the firing block 5 is provided with a friction damping layer of rubber particles), in the initial state, the driving handle 71 is held, and the driving handle 71 gives The thrust of the firing block 5 is not enough to overcome the frictional force of the friction damping mechanism, so the staple cartridge 31 and the firing block 5 realize linkage through the friction damping mechanism, and the firing block 5 pushes the staple cartridge 31 moves to the side of the staple anvil 2 synchronously, the firing block 5 moves to the fourth position, and the staple cartridge 31 moves to the second position (ie, the state in FIG. 12 ).
  • a friction damping mechanism for example, the inner wall of the proximal end of the staple cartridge 31 or the outer wall of the distal end of the firing block 5 is provided with a friction damping layer of rubber particles
  • FIG. 16 and FIG. 17 show the matching structure among the driving handle 71 , the housing 1 and the firing assembly.
  • an installation groove 121 is formed in the fixed handle 12
  • the pivot portion 712 of the driving handle 71 is located in the installation groove 121
  • the pivot portion 712 can be installed in the installation groove 121 Rotate in.
  • the side wall of the installation slot 121 defines a first through hole 122
  • the pivot portion 712 of the drive handle 71 defines a second through hole 7121
  • the drive assembly 7 further includes a second connecting member 75 .
  • the second connecting member 75 passes through the first through hole 122 and the second through hole 7121 of the pivot portion 712 , so that the pivot portion 712 can rotate around the second connecting member 75 .
  • the fixed handle 12 forms a certain angle with the axial direction of the stapler, which is convenient for the operator to hold, and does not block the proximal opening 15 of the housing 1, which is more convenient for the operator
  • the interior of the housing 1 is viewed from the proximal opening 15 .
  • the fixed handle 12 can also be extended along the axial direction of the stapler, or adopt other shapes and/or other connection methods with the housing 1, all belonging to the present invention within the scope of protection.
  • the fixing handle 12 may not be provided with the installation groove, and the outer side wall of the driving handle 71 is arranged to fit with the outer side wall of the fixing handle 12, or the driving handle 71 is provided with an installation groove, and the fixing handle 12 is inserted into the installation groove, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
  • the second connecting member 75 when the firing assembly needs to be replaced without using the surgical stapler, the second connecting member 75 can be disengaged from the first through hole 122 and the second through hole 7121 , when the second connecting member 75 is disengaged from the first through hole 122 and/or the second through hole 7121 , the firing assembly is disengaged from the housing 1 as a whole. At the same time, the firing assembly can be separated from the housing 1 so that the drive handle 71 and the firing assembly can be separated from the housing 1 together.
  • the second connecting member 75 includes an operating portion 751 and a connecting portion 752 , the connecting portion 752 penetrates through the first through hole 122 and the second through hole 7121 , and the operating portion 751 is located in the driving portion. On the outside of the handle 71 , the connecting portion 752 can be pulled out from the first through hole 122 and the second through hole 7121 by performing a pulling action on the operation portion 751 .
  • the firing block 5 is detachably connected to the housing 1 through a first connecting piece 8 , and a surface of one side of the firing block 5 is provided along the axial direction of the stapler.
  • the extending guide groove 56, the first connecting member 8 is fixed to the housing 1, the first connecting member 8 is partially located in the guide groove 56, and the first connecting member 8 can be guided along the guide groove 56.
  • the extension direction of the slot 56 moves, so that the firing block 5 can move relative to the housing 1 in the axial direction of the stapler, and the guide groove 56 can also adjust the axial direction of the firing block 5 Movement provides direction.
  • the guide groove 56 is a through groove connecting the upper side surface and the lower side surface of the firing block 5 .
  • the first connecting member 8 includes a first matching portion 81 , a connecting portion 82 and a second matching portion 83 arranged in sequence, the first matching portion and the second matching portion 83 .
  • the width of the matching portion is larger than the width of the guide groove 56
  • the first matching portion 81 is fixedly connected to the housing 1
  • the connecting portion 82 is partially penetrated in the guide groove 56 , so that the first matching portion 81 is fixedly connected to the housing 1 .
  • a matching portion 81 and the second matching portion 83 are respectively located on the inner and outer sides of the firing block 5
  • the first matching portion 81 and the second matching portion 83 are located on the inner and outer sides of the firing block 5 respectively.
  • the two sides refer to the upper and lower sides of the firing block 5 respectively.
  • the connecting portion 82 can move along the extending direction of the guide groove 56, so that the firing block 5 can move relative to the housing 1 in the axial direction of the stapler, and the guide groove 56 is also movable. Guidance can be provided for the axial movement of the firing block 5 .
  • the housing 1 is provided with a first connector mounting portion, which is connected with the first matching portion 81 .
  • the first connector mounting portion is a connector mounting slot 16
  • the first matching portion 81 is fixedly embedded in the connector mounting slot 16 .
  • the first matching portion 81 and the housing 1 can also be fixedly connected in other ways, for example, the first matching portion 81 can be fixedly connected to the first
  • the matching portion 81 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the casing 1 .
  • the first matching portion 81 extends along the width direction of the firing block 5 (ie, the direction D2 in FIG. 20 ), but the present invention is not limited to this. In other alternative embodiments, The first matching portion 81 can also be set in other shapes.
  • the first connector mounting portion may also adopt a structure such as a bump, a beam, or the like, and the first matching portion is connected to the first connector mounting portion.
  • the first connector mounting portion is a convex block, and the first matching portion is provided with a groove matched with the protrusion, or the first matching portion is screwed with the first connector mounting portion , riveting, etc.
  • the width of the first matching portion can also be less than or equal to the width of the guide groove 56 , and the first matching portion is kept from entering the guide groove 56 through the connection between the housing 1 and the first matching portion. internal.
  • the distal end side of the guide slot 56 is provided with a guide slot hole 561 .
  • the width of the guide slot 561 is larger than the width of the second matching portion 83 .
  • the second matching portion 83 can pass through the guide slot 561 . Separated from the guide groove 56 to separate the firing block 5 from the housing 1 .
  • the width here refers to the width along the D1 direction in FIG. 20 .
  • FIG. 20 and FIG. 21 respectively show the structure in which the first connecting piece 8 cooperates with the firing block 5 in the initial state and the firing state.
  • the firing block 5 in the initial state, the firing block 5 is located at the third position, and the second matching portion 83 of the first connecting member 8 is located at the proximal end side of the guide slot hole 561 . Since the firing block 5 will not be displaced in the proximal direction under the holding action of the driving handle 71 at this time, the second engaging portion 83 will not enter the guide slot 561 and will The guide grooves 56 are separated, thereby ensuring a relatively stable connection between the firing block 5 and the housing 1 in an initial state. As shown in FIG.
  • the firing block 5 moves toward the distal side to the fourth position, and the first connecting piece 8 moves toward the proximal side 562 of the guide slot 56 .
  • the second matching portion 83 will not be separated from the guide groove 56, thereby ensuring a relatively stable connection between the firing block 5 and the housing 1 during the firing process.
  • the second connector 75 is first pulled out, the driving handle 71 is separated from the fixed handle 12, and the driving handle 71 can be pulled toward the proximal side
  • the firing block 5 causes the first connecting piece 8 to move relative to the firing block 5 toward the distal end of the guide groove 56 , so that the second matching portion 83 moves to the guide groove hole
  • the second matching part 83 can be separated from the guide groove 56 through the guide groove hole 561, so that the driving handle 12, the firing block 5 and the staple cartridge assembly 3 can be removed from the Take out the shell 1.
  • the proximal end side of the firing block 5 is provided with a first pivot shaft 54
  • one end of the transmission member 6 includes a hook portion 61 , which is rotatably hooked to the hook portion 61 . on the first pivot shaft 54
  • a second pivot shaft 7111 is provided on the firing engaging portion 711 of the driving handle 71
  • the second end of the transmission member 6 includes a first connecting hole 62 , which is rotatably sleeved on the second connecting hole 62 . Pivot shaft 7111.
  • the hook portion 61 can be rotated relative to the first pivot shaft 54 by a certain angle so as to be disengaged from the first pivot shaft 54 . Therefore, after the firing block 5 is separated from the housing 1 , by removing the hook portion 61 from the first pivot shaft 54 , the firing block 5 can be further separated from the driving handle 71 Separation.
  • the proximal end side of the firing block 5 is provided with a stopper portion 57
  • the stopper portion 57 is located at the distal end side of the first pivot shaft 54
  • the The proximal side of the stopper portion 57 is opposite to the distal side of the hook portion 61 .
  • the stopper portion 57 can limit the positional relationship between the hook portion 61 of the transmission member 6 and the firing block 5, so as to prevent the hook portion 61 and the first The pivot shaft 54 is accidentally disengaged.
  • the proximal side surface of the stopper portion 57 and the distal side surface of the hook portion 61 are respectively corresponding inclined guide surfaces.
  • the driving assembly 7 may further include a safety pin 74 for defining the position of the driving handle 71 in the initial position when the surgical stapler does not reach the operating position, so as to prevent false firing.
  • a side wall of the installation slot 121 defines a third through hole 1211 , and the safety pin 74 passes through the third through hole 1211 and at least partially enters the installation slot 121 , and the safety pin 74 can be pulled out from the third through hole 1211 .
  • the safety pin 74 includes a protruding portion 741 and a blocking portion 742.
  • the blocking portion 742 passes through the third through hole 1211 and at least partially enters the mounting groove 121
  • the protruding portion 741 is located at the outer side of the side wall of the mounting slot 121
  • the outer diameter of the protruding portion 741 is larger than the inner diameter of the third through hole 1211 .
  • the outer diameter of the blocking portion 742 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the third through hole 1211 , so that when the stapler needs to be fired, the blocking portion 742 can be pulled out from the third through hole 1211 .
  • the safety pin 74 passes through the third through hole 1211 and at least partially enters the installation groove 121 , the safety The pin 74 is located on the rotational path of the drive handle 71 in the first reverse direction. At this time, if the driving handle 71 is held, the rotational movement of the driving handle 71 in the first direction will be blocked by the safety pin 74, and the firing assembly will not be driven, and the misfire of the stapler will not be realized. send.
  • the safety pin 74 can be pulled out from the third through hole 1211 of the installation slot 121 . At this time, the safety The pin 74 will no longer block the rotational movement of the driving handle 71 in the first direction, and the stapler can be fired by holding the driving handle 71 .
  • FIGS. 24 to 26 the structure of the surgical stapler according to the second embodiment of the present invention is shown. Similar to the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 23 , when the second matching portion 83 moves to the guide slot hole, the second matching portion 83 can pass through the guide slot hole 561 from the guide slot hole 561 . The guide grooves 56 are separated.
  • the difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 23 is that the firing assembly can be separated from the housing 1 independently, and the firing assembly can be replaced independently.
  • One end of the transmission member 6 includes a second connection hole 63 , the proximal end side of the firing block 5 is provided with a transmission member matching portion 59 , and a third connection hole 58 is opened on the transmission member matching portion 59 .
  • the two connecting holes 63 are rotatably connected to the third connecting hole 58 through a connecting pin 9 .
  • One end of the connecting pin 9 is inserted into the second connecting hole 63 and the third connecting hole 58 , and the other end is located outside the second connecting hole 63 and the third connecting hole 58 for the operator Handheld operation.
  • the connecting pin 9 can be disengaged from the second connecting hole 63 and the third connecting hole 58 .
  • the staple cartridge assembly and the The firing block 5 can be disengaged from the housing 1 . Therefore, in this embodiment, the firing assembly can be replaced independently without separating the drive handle 71 from the housing 1 .
  • FIGS. 27-32 it is a schematic structural diagram of a surgical stapler according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 23 is that a cutter 90 is also provided inside the firing assembly.
  • the surgical stapler can be used for tissue stapling and cutting.
  • the drive assembly 7 pushes the firing assembly toward the distal end of the stapler, and drives the staples and cutters 90 in the firing assembly toward the anvil 2 Pushing out, the firing assembly gradually approaches the anvil 2, the staples are formed at the anvil 2 to perform anastomosis on the tissue, and at the same time, the cutter 90 is pushed out to cut the tissue to suture and cut the tissue.
  • the firing assembly In the initial state, the firing assembly is located on the proximal side of the window 13 .
  • the drive assembly 7 pushes the firing assembly toward the distal end of the stapler, gradually covering the window 13 and moving the staples and cutters 90 in the firing assembly toward the anvil 2 roll out.
  • the staple cartridge assembly 3 includes a staple cartridge 31 , and the staple cartridge 31 is provided with the staples 33 .
  • the distal side of the firing block 5 is provided with a firing piece 51 corresponding to the staples and a cutter 90, the firing piece 51 and the cutter 90 are at least partially located in the staple cartridge 31, the The staples are located on the distal side of the firing piece 51 , and the position of the cutter 90 corresponds to the cutter slot 313 of the staple cartridge 31 .
  • the distal side of the staple cartridge 31 is a staple cartridge surface 312
  • the staple cartridge surface 312 is provided with a plurality of staple holes 3121
  • the staple holes 3121 can be arranged in a row or a row In multiple rows, when the nail holes 3121 are at least one row, they can be staggered, that is, the projections of the nail holes 3121 on the inner ring and the nail holes 3121 on the outer ring in the diametrical direction coincide.
  • FIG. 28 shows the positional relationship between the position of the cutter 90 and the staple cartridge 31 in the initial state, in which the firing block 5 is omitted.
  • FIG. 28 shows the structure in which the firing block 5 cooperates with the cutter 90 .
  • the cutting knife 90 is fixedly installed in the accommodating groove 519 on the distal end side of the firing block 5 , and the bottom surface of the accommodating groove 519 is a blade pushing surface 518 matched with the cutting knife 90 .
  • the distal side of the firing block 5 is provided with a firing piece 51 and a cutter 90, the firing piece 51 corresponds to the position of the staple hole 3121, and is used to pass the staple through the staple when the stapler is fired Hole 3121 is pushed out.
  • the pusher surface 518 is located on the proximal side 92 of the cutter 90 . When the firing block 5 moves toward the distal side, it drives the cutter 90 to move toward the distal side synchronously.
  • the firing piece 51 of the firing block 5 pushes the staples 33 through the staple holes 3121, pierces the tissue and reaches the staple anvil 2, and is formed on the staple anvil surface 22 of the staple anvil 2.
  • the staples 33 are separated from the staple cartridge 31 and fixed on the tissue to achieve anastomosis to the tissue.
  • the nail anvil 2 is further provided with a cutting matching portion, which corresponds to the position of the cutting knife groove 313 .
  • the cutting matching portion and the cutting knife 9 cooperate with each other. It is beneficial to improve the cutting effect of the cutter 9 on the tissue.
  • the cutting engagement portion may be an anvil or a groove extending distally on the anvil 2 .
  • the knife anvil can be a rigid plastic sheet fixed at a corresponding position on the nail anvil 2, or a method disclosed in the prior art such as a silicone sheet.
  • the cutter slot 313 is a linear slot or an arc-shaped slot
  • the nail holes 3121 are located on the same side of the cutter slot 313
  • the nail holes 3121 are opposite to the cutter slot 312 .
  • the knife groove 313 is disposed close to the inner wall of the casing 1 . That is, the cutter 90 is located at the inner side away from the side wall of the housing 1 , and the nail holes 3121 are all located close to the outer side of the side wall of the housing 1 .
  • FIG. 29 is a cross-sectional view of the engagement of the anvil and the firing assembly in the initial state of the third embodiment.
  • the cutting direction of FIG. 29 may refer to the cutting direction A1-A1 of FIG. 5 .
  • the structure of other components except the cutter 90 in this embodiment can refer to FIGS. 1 to 9 of the previous embodiment.
  • the driving handle 71 is not held, and the staple cartridge 31 is in the initial state.
  • the firing block 5 In the first position, the firing block 5 is in the initial third position, and the distal side 91 of the cutter 9 is located inside the cutter slot 313, does not protrude from the cartridge surface 312, and will not cut tissue.
  • the surgical stapler includes two guide rails 4 , and two sides of the staple anvil 2 , the staple cartridge 31 and the firing block 5 are respectively sleeved on the guide rails 4 .
  • the staple cartridge 31 includes two staple cartridge guide portions 311 , which are respectively sleeved on the two guide rails 4 , and the staples and the cutter 90 are disposed between the two staple cartridge guide portions 311 .
  • the firing engaging portion 711 pushes the firing block 5 in the distal direction, so that the firing block 5 is The third position moves in a distal direction to the fourth position.
  • the structure at this time may refer to the structure of FIG. 12 in the previous embodiment.
  • the firing block 5 and the staple cartridge 31 are linked together, and the staple cartridge 31 moves to the distal side to the second position simultaneously under the pushing action of the firing block 5, where the first The two positions are the surgical positions where the staple anvil 2 and the staple cartridge 31 clamp the tissue, that is, the stapler is closed.
  • the second elastic member 73 is pressed by the driving handle 71 to have a certain amount of elastic deformation.
  • the distal side 91 of the cutter 90 moves to the distal side for a distance along with the firing block 5 , it is still located inside the cutter slot 313 and does not interact with the staple cartridge 31 .
  • the relative position changes without protruding beyond the cartridge face 312 and without cutting tissue.
  • FIG. 30 is a cross-sectional view of the engagement of the anvil and the firing assembly in the fired state of the third embodiment.
  • the cutting direction of FIG. 30 may refer to the cutting direction A2-A2 of FIG. 13 .
  • 31 and 32 are schematic diagrams of the cooperation of the cutter and the staple cartridge in the fired state of the third embodiment.
  • the firing block 5 is no longer linked with the staple cartridge 31, the position of the staple cartridge 31 remains unchanged at the second position, and the firing The block 5 continues to move to the distal side into the interior of the staple cartridge 31, so that the distal side of the firing block 5 can push the staples inside the staple cartridge 31 toward the staple anvil 2, and drive the cutter 90 toward the staples
  • the anvil 2 moves in the direction, passes through the cutter slot 313 and reaches the cutting and matching part of the anvil 2, that is, reaches the position shown in FIG. 31 and FIG. 32 relative to the staple cartridge 31, cuts the tissue, and completes the anastomosis. the firing of the device.
  • the second elastic member 73 is further pressed by the driving handle 71 to have a larger elastic deformation amount.
  • the structures of other components in this embodiment may adopt the structures of the corresponding components shown in FIGS. 1 to 23 .
  • the cutter 90 in FIGS. 27 to 32 can also be combined with other embodiments.
  • the cutter 90 shown in FIGS. 27 to 32 and the structure of the cutter 90 and the nail anvil 2 are added.
  • the structure that the cutter 90 cooperates with the firing block 5 and the structure that the cutter 90 cooperates with the staple cartridge 31, or in the embodiments of FIGS. 33 to 39 described below, the cutter 90,
  • the structure in which the cutter 90 cooperates with the nail anvil 2 the structure in which the cutter 90 cooperates with the firing block 5
  • the structure in which the cutter 90 cooperates with the staple cartridge 31 are examples of the staple cartridge.
  • FIGS. 33-37 it is a schematic structural diagram of a surgical stapler according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the difference between the fourth embodiment and the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 23 is that a first limiting portion is provided on one side surface of the firing assembly, and a second limiting portion is provided on the first connecting member 8 department.
  • the first limiting portion cooperates with the second limiting portion to limit the movement of the firing assembly toward the anvil 2; when the stapler is fired by an external force, the first limiting portion Getting rid of the second limiting portion, the firing assembly moves toward the anvil 2 .
  • the firing assembly in the initial state, can be maintained at the initial position through the cooperation of the first limiting portion and the second limiting portion, thereby improving the stability of the instrument structure.
  • the tissue is drawn between the anvil 2 and the firing assembly through the window 13 of the side wall of the housing 1, and under the action of external force, the first limiting portion can get rid of the second limiting portion.
  • the firing assembly moves toward the anvil 2 , the firing of the stapler can be completed through the cooperation of the firing assembly and the anvil 2 , and the operator can also obtain tactile feedback when operating the firing.
  • the first limiting portion is a boss 528 protruding on the side of the firing block 5 opposite to the second matching portion 83 , that is, the The boss 528 is located on the lower side of the firing block 5 , and the second limiting portion is the part where the second matching portion 83 of the first connecting member 8 is engaged with the boss 528 .
  • the second matching portion 83 is located on the distal side of the boss 528 , and the distal side of the boss 528 is matched with the proximal side of the second matching portion 83 .
  • the cooperation of the first connecting piece 8 fixed on the body 1 and the boss 528 of the firing assembly keeps the firing assembly in the initial position and improves the stability of the instrument structure.
  • tools such as surgical forceps can be used to pull the tissue to be anastomosed into the interior of the housing 1 through the window 13 on the side wall of the housing 1, so that the tissue enters the Between the anvil 2 and the firing assembly, at this time, the firing assembly is driven to the distal side by an external force, the firing assembly moves toward the anvil 2, and the first connecting member 8 After the two engaging parts 83 pass over the boss 528 and move toward the proximal side relative to the guide groove 56 , that is, the firing assembly moves toward the anvil 2 without being restricted by the second limiting part, The stapler can be fired through the cooperation of the firing assembly and the staple anvil 2 , and the operator can also get tactile feedback when operating firing.
  • the boss 528 has a first guide surface 5281 on the distal side thereof,
  • the first guide surface 5281 is an inclined plane or an arc surface.
  • the boss 528 is a circular truncated cone, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the boss 528 may also be a rectangular block with a first guide surface, or A trapezoidal block with a first guide surface, etc., or a spherical frustum.
  • a second guide surface 84 may also be provided on the proximal end side of the second limiting portion that is matched with the boss 528 , and the second guide surface 84 is an inclined plane. or arc.
  • the first limiting portion may be a boss disposed on the upper surface of the firing block 5
  • the second limiting portion is the first stopper of the first connecting member 8
  • the first engaging portion 81 passes over the boss and moves toward the proximal side relative to the guide groove 56 .
  • the distal side surface of the boss is provided with an inclined first guide surface
  • the proximal end side surface of the first matching portion 81 is provided with an inclined second guide surface.
  • the first limiting portion may be a boss provided on the upper surface of the firing block 5
  • the second limiting portion may be provided on the first connecting member 8
  • the boss In the initial state, the boss is located in the groove, so as to keep the firing assembly in the initial position, when the stapler is fired by an external force, the boss is separated from the groove, and the firing assembly faces the Describe the anvil movement.
  • the distal side of the boss is provided with an inclined first guide surface
  • the proximal side of the groove is provided with an inclined second guide surface.
  • the first limiting portion may be a groove provided on the upper surface of the firing block 5 , and the second limiting portion is protruding from the first connecting member 8; or, the first limiting portion may be a groove provided on the lower surface of the firing block 5, and the second limiting portion is protruding on the lower surface of the firing block 5.
  • a boss on the upper surface of the second matching portion 83 of the first connector 8 In the initial state, the boss is located in the groove, so as to keep the firing assembly in the initial position, when the stapler is fired by an external force, the boss is separated from the groove, and the firing assembly faces the Describe the anvil movement. Further, the distal side of the boss is provided with an inclined first guide surface, and the proximal side of the groove is provided with an inclined second guide surface.
  • the guide groove 56 and the first limiting portion may also be provided on the left and right side surfaces of the firing block 5 or on the staple cartridge assembly 3, and the first limiting portion
  • the fitting portion and the second limiting portion can be the cooperation between the boss and the first/second matching portion, or the cooperation between the boss and the groove, all of which fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
  • the first connecting member 8 includes a first matching portion 81 , a connecting portion 82 and a second matching portion 83 , and the boss 528 is engaged with the second matching portion 83 .
  • the first connecting member 8 may only include the first matching portion 81 and the connecting portion 82 , but not the second matching portion 83 , and the boss 528 is provided on the The upper side of the firing block 5 is matched with the first matching portion 81 .
  • FIGS. 1 to 9 The structures of other components in this embodiment except the first limiting portion and the second limiting portion in the initial state can refer to FIGS. 1 to 9 in the previous embodiment.
  • the driving handle 71 is not held , the staple cartridge 31 is in the initial first position, the firing block 5 is in the initial third position, and the firing block 5 is in the initial third position.
  • the boss 528 cooperates with the second limiting portion of the second engaging portion 83 to limit the movement of the firing assembly in the distal direction and keep the staple cartridge 31 at the In the first position, the firing block 5 is held in the third position.
  • the firing matching portion 711 pushes the firing block 5 in the distal direction, under the driving action of the external force.
  • the second matching portion 83 goes over the boss 528, so that the first connecting piece 8 moves toward the proximal side relative to the guide groove 56, that is, the firing block 5 moves toward the distal side, The firing block 5 is moved distally from the third position to the fourth position.
  • the structure at this time may refer to the structure of FIG. 12 in the previous embodiment.
  • the two positions are the surgical positions where the staple anvil 2 and the staple cartridge 31 clamp the tissue, that is, the stapler is closed.
  • the firing block 5 When the firing block 5 is in the fourth position, it continues to hold the driving handle 71 in the first direction, and the driving handle 71 drives the firing block 5 to continue to move in the distal direction to the fifth position, that is, as shown in FIGS. 13 and 13 in the previous embodiment.
  • the position of the firing block 5 in FIG. 14 During the movement of the firing block 5 from the fourth position to the fifth position, the firing block 5 and the staple cartridge 31 are no longer linked, the position of the staple cartridge 31 remains unchanged at the second position, and the firing block 5 continues to move to the distal end
  • the side moves to the inside of the staple cartridge 31, so that the distal end of the firing block 5 can push out the staples inside the staple cartridge 31 toward the staple anvil 2, so as to realize the firing of the stapler.
  • the positional relationship between the firing block 5 and the boss 528 is shown in FIG. 37 .
  • FIG. 38 and FIG. 39 it is a schematic structural diagram of the stapler according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. Similar to the fourth embodiment shown in FIGS. 33 to 37 , the fifth embodiment is provided with a first limiting portion and a second limiting portion to limit the initial position of the firing assembly.
  • the difference between the fifth embodiment and the fourth embodiment shown in FIGS. 33 to 37 is that the first limiting portion is a boss 528 disposed on the inner surface of the guide groove 56 , and the second limiting portion is a boss 528 .
  • the portion is a groove 85 provided in the connecting portion 82 of the first connecting member 8 . In the initial state, the boss 528 is located in the groove 85, so as to keep the firing assembly in the initial position.
  • the boss 528 When the stapler is fired by an external force, the boss 528 is separated from the groove 85, and the The firing assembly moves towards the anvil 2 . Further, the distal side of the boss 528 is provided with an inclined first guide surface, and the proximal side of the groove 85 is provided with an inclined second guide surface.
  • the boss 528 is a circular trough, and the groove 85 is a circular groove matched with the circular trough, but the invention is not limited to this, and the boss 528 may also be a The rectangular block of the first guide surface, or a trapezoidal block with the first guide surface, etc., or a spherical truncated cone.
  • the shape of the groove 85 can be adapted to the shape of the boss 528 .
  • the first limiting portion may also be a groove provided on the inner surface of the guide groove 56
  • the second limiting portion may be provided on the first connecting member 8 of the boss of the connecting part 82.
  • the guide grooves 56 may be disposed on the left and right sides of the firing block 5 or the staple cartridge assembly 3 , and the first limiting portion is disposed on the inner side of the guide grooves 56 The surface also falls within the protection scope of the present invention.
  • the first limiting portion and the second limiting portion are arranged in at least one group, or two groups.
  • the two groups of the first limiting portion and The second limiting portion can be symmetrically arranged on both sides of the stapler in the axial direction, that is, one side is provided with a set of first limiting portion and second limiting portion, and the other side is symmetrically provided with another Set the first limit part and the second limit part to obtain better structural stability.
  • the invention provides an instrument for tissue anastomosis.
  • a surgical stapler is placed at a diseased position, and the tissue to be anastomosed is pulled into between an anvil and a firing assembly through a window, and the firing assembly is driven by operating a driving assembly to complete the process.
  • the staples in the firing assembly are formed at the staple anvil to perform anastomosis on the tissue, so that tissue suture or tissue opening is closed, the structure is simplified, the operation is simple, and the firing assembly and the housing are detachable It can be easily replaced when not in use, and the instrument can be reused. For example, in patients with anorectal fistula, when there is more than one fistula and fistula, only the firing assembly needs to be replaced, which can reduce the cost of the patient. .

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Abstract

一种外科吻合器,包括:中空的壳体(1),壳体(1)的侧壁开设有窗口(13);钉砧(2),固定于壳体(1)的内部;击发组件,位于钉砧(2)的近端侧,击发组件的内部设置有吻合钉(33),击发组件至少部分与壳体(1)可拆卸地连接,且击发组件相对于壳体(1)可沿吻合器的轴向方向运动;驱动组件(7),吻合器击发时,驱动组件(7)推动击发组件朝向吻合器的远端侧方向运动,并将击发组件中的吻合钉(33)朝向钉砧(2)推出。通过驱动组件(7)驱动击发组件完成吻合器的闭合和击发,对组织进行吻合,实现组织缝合或组织开口关闭,并且击发组件可与壳体(1)分离而更换,实现器械的重复利用。

Description

外科吻合器 技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械技术领域,具体涉及一种外科吻合器。
背景技术
在外科手术治疗时,常常需要对人体内的一些组织进行缝合或对组织开口进行闭合。例如,在进行外科手术时,首先将部分病变组织进行缝合,然后将这部分组织进行切除。又例如,在人体内可能会因各种原因形成一些瘘道,瘘道指的是因脓肿引起的连接于体外与有腔器官之间或两个有腔器官之间的病理性排脓管道。吻合口瘘是消化道吻合手术后常见的并发症之一。在消化道吻合手术后,吻合口处出现瘘道,会对患者的身体健康造成极大的威胁。又例如,在外科手术时经常需要对人体内的病变组织进行切除,在切除后也会出现需要闭合的组织开口。现有技术中出现了一些对组织进行缝合或对组织开口进行处理的器械,然而,现有的器械的结构往往比较复杂,并且击发组件难以更换。
发明内容
针对现有技术中的问题,本发明的目的在于提供一种外科吻合器,通过驱动组件驱动击发组件完成吻合器的闭合和击发,对组织进行吻合,实现组织缝合或组织开口关闭,并且击发组件可与壳体分离而更换,实现器械的重复利用。
本发明实施例提供一种外科吻合器,包括:
中空的壳体,所述壳体的侧壁开设有窗口;
钉砧,固定于所述壳体的内部;
击发组件,位于所述钉砧的近端侧,所述击发组件的内部设置有吻合钉,所述击发组件至少部分与所述壳体可拆卸地连接,且所述击发组件相对于所述壳体可沿所述吻合器的轴向方向运动;
驱动组件,所述吻合器击发时,所述驱动组件推动所述击发组件朝向所述吻合器的远端侧方向运动,并将所述击发组件中的吻合钉朝向所述钉砧推出。
在一些实施例中,所述击发组件包括钉仓组件和击发块,所述钉砧、所述钉仓组件和所述击发块依次沿所述吻合器的轴向方向由远端侧向近端侧的方向排列,所述击发块与所述壳体可拆卸地连接。
在一些实施例中,所述击发块与所述壳体通过第一连接件可拆卸地连接,所述第一连接件固定设于所述壳体,所述击发块设置有与所述第一连接件配合的导槽。
在一些实施例中,所述第一连接件包括依次排列的第一配合部、连接部和第二配合部,所述第二配合部的宽度大于所述导槽的宽度;所述第一配合部固定设于所述壳体,所述连接部穿设于所述导槽中,以使得所述第一配合部和所述第二配合部分别位于所述击发块的内外两侧。
在一些实施例中,所述导槽的远端侧设置有导槽孔,所述导槽孔的宽度大于所述第二配合部的宽度。
在一些实施例中,所述驱动组件包括驱动把手,所述驱动把手包括依次排列的击发配合部、枢转部和握持部,所述枢转部可旋转地连接至所述壳体,所述击发配合部与所述击发组件可旋转地连接。
在一些实施例中,所述壳体的近端侧设置有固定把手,所述枢转部通过一第二连接件与所述固定把手可拆卸地连接。
在一些实施例中,还包括保险销,***所述枢转部和所述固定把手的连接位置。
在一些实施例中,所述固定把手中开设有容纳所述枢转部的安装槽,所述保险销可进入所述安装槽或从所述安装槽中脱离。
在一些实施例中,还包括一传动件,所述传动件的两端分别可旋转地连接于所述击发组件的近端侧和所述驱动把手的击发配合部。
在一些实施例中,所述击发组件的近端侧设置有第一枢转轴,所述传动件的一端包括挂钩部,所述挂钩部可旋转且可分离地挂在所述第一枢转轴上。
在一些实施例中,所述击发组件的近端侧设置有止挡部,所述止挡部位于所述第一枢转轴的远端侧。
在一些实施例中,所述传动件的一端包括第二连接孔,所述击发块的近端侧设有第三连接孔,所述第二连接孔与所述第三连接孔通过连接销可旋转且可分离地连接。
在一些实施例中,所述钉砧和所述击发组件均贴近所述壳体的内侧壁设置,所述击发组件与所述枢转部分别位于所述壳体的中心线的两侧。
在一些实施例中,所述驱动组件还包括第二弹性件,所述第二弹性件位于所述驱动把手和所述壳体之间。
在一些实施例中,所述钉仓组件包括钉仓,所述钉仓具有第一位置和第二位置,初始状态下,所述钉仓处于所述第一位置,所述吻合器击发时,所述驱动组件通过所述击发块推动所述钉仓向所述吻合器的远端侧方向运动至所述第二位置;
所述钉仓位于所述第二位置时,所述驱动组件继续推动所述击发块朝向所述吻合器的远端侧方向运动,所述击发块将所述钉仓中的吻合钉朝向所述钉砧推出。
在一些实施例中,所述钉仓组件包括钉仓和位于所述钉仓内的第一弹性件,所述第一弹性件的远端侧抵持所述钉仓的远端侧面,所述第一弹性件的近端侧抵持所述击发块的远端侧面。
在一些实施例中,还包括沿所述吻合器的轴向方向延伸的导轨,所述钉砧和所述击发组件套设于所述导轨上。
在一些实施例中,包括两个所述导轨,所述钉仓组件的两侧分别设置有套设于所述导轨上的钉仓引导部。
在一些实施例中,还包括发光部件,所述发光部件位于所述壳体的内部。
在一些实施例中,所述钉仓组件包括钉仓,所述钉仓中设置有所述吻合钉,所述击发块上设置有切刀。
在一些实施例中,所述钉仓的远端侧设置有切刀槽和钉孔,所述击发块的远端侧设置有击发片,所述击发片与所述钉孔的位置相对应,所述切刀与所述切刀槽的位置相对应。
在一些实施例中,所述切刀槽为直线型槽或弧线形槽,所述钉孔均位于所述切刀槽的同一侧,且所述钉孔相对于所述切刀槽靠近所述壳体的内壁设置。
在一些实施例中,所述钉砧还设有切割配合部,所述切割配合部与所述切刀槽的位置相对应。
在一些实施例中,所述切割配合部为刀砧或为位于所述钉砧的向远端侧延伸的凹槽。
在一些实施例中,所述击发组件设有第一限位部,所述第一连接件设有第二限位部,初始状态下,所述第一限位部与所述第二限位部配合,限制所述击发组件朝向所述钉砧运动。
在一些实施例中,所述第一限位部凸设于所述击发组件或为凹槽,所述第二限位部为凹槽或凸设于所述第一连接件;初始状态下,所述第二限位部位于所述第一限位部的远端侧或与所述第一限位部嵌合。
在一些实施例中,所述第一限位部与所述第二限位部的相对侧分别设置有第一引导面和第二引导面。
在一些实施例中,设有两组所述第一限位部及所述第二限位部,沿所述吻合器轴向方向对称地设置。
本发明所提供的外科吻合器具有如下优点:
本发明提供了一种对组织吻合的器械,使用过程中将外科吻合器放置于病变位置,将需要吻合的组织通过窗口拉入到钉砧和击发组件之间,通过操作驱动组件驱动击发组件完成吻合器的击发,通过击发组件中的吻合钉在钉砧处成型而对组织进行吻合,实现了组织缝合或组织开口关闭,结构精简,操作简单,并且所述击发组件与所述壳体可拆卸地连接,在不使用时可以方便更换,实现器械的可重复利用,例如在发生***直肠瘘的病人,瘘道及瘘口不止一个的时候,只需要更换击发组件即可,可以降低病人的成本。
附图说明
通过阅读参照以下附图对非限制性实施例所作的详细描述,本发明的其它特征、目的和优点将会变得更明显。
图1是本发明第一实施例的初始状态下外科吻合器的主视图;
图2和图3是本发明第一实施例的初始状态下外科吻合器的立体图;
图4是本发明第一实施例的初始状态下把手配合的示意图;
图5是本发明第一实施例的初始状态下钉砧和击发组件配合的示意图;
图6是本发明第一实施例的钉仓组件和击发块配合的示意图;
图7是本发明第一实施例的钉砧和击发组件配合的示意图;
图8是本发明第一实施例的吻合钉的结构示意图;
图9是图5中A1-A1方向的剖视图;
图10是本发明第一实施例的击发时外科吻合器的主视图;
图11是本发明第一实施例的击发时外科吻合器的立体图;
图12是本发明第一实施例的击发过程中钉砧和击发组件配合的示意图;
图13是本发明第一实施例的击发完成时钉砧和击发组件配合的示意图;
图14是图13的A2-A2方向的剖视图;
图15是本发明第一实施例的击发完成后吻合器复位的主视图;
图16是本发明第一实施例的壳体、驱动组件和击发组件配合的示意图;
图17是本发明第一实施例的壳体与驱动组件配合的示意图;
图18和图19是本发明第一实施例的击发块与第一连接件配合的结构示意图;
图20是本发明第一实施例的初始状态下,击发块与第一连接件配合结构的仰视图;
图21是本发明第一实施例的击发完成后,击发块与第一连接件配合结构的仰视图;
图22是本发明第一实施例的具有保险销的外科吻合器的结构示意图;
图23是本发明第一实施例的保险销从壳体中取出后外科吻合器的结构示意图;
图24是本发明第二实施例的外科吻合器的结构示意图;
图25和图26是本发明第二实施例的击发组件与驱动组件配合位置的示意图;
图27是本发明第三实施例的击发组件的示意图;
图28是本发明第三实施例的初始状态下切刀和钉仓配合的示意图;
图29是本发明第三实施例的初始状态下钉砧和击发组件配合的剖视图;
图30是本发明第三实施例的击发状态下钉砧和击发组件配合的剖视图;
图31和图32是本发明第三实施例的击发状态下切刀和钉仓配合的示意图;
图33是本发明第四实施例的去除壳体后的外科吻合器的结构示意图;
图34是本发明第四实施例的初始状态下第一连接件与击发块配合的仰视图;
图35是本发明第四实施例的初始状态下第一连接件与击发块配合的示意图;
图36是本发明第四实施例的第一连接件的结构示意图;
图37是本发明第四实施例的击发完成时第一连接件与击发块配合的示意图;
图38和图39是本发明第五实施例的第一限位部和第二限位部配合的示意图。
具体实施方式
现在将参考附图更全面地描述示例实施方式。然而,示例实施方式能够以多种形式实施,且不应被理解为限于在此阐述的实施方式;相反,提供这些实施方式使得本发明将全面和完整,并将示例实施方式的构思全面地传达给本领域的技术人员。在图中相同的附图标记表示相同或类似的结构,因而将省略对它们的重复描述。
本发明提供了一种外科吻合器,包括:中空的壳体,所述壳体的侧壁开设有窗口;钉砧,固定于所述壳体的内部;击发组件,位于所述钉砧的近端侧,所述击发组件的内部设置有吻合钉,所述击发组件与所述壳体可拆卸地连接,且所述击发组件相对于所述壳体可沿所述吻合器的轴向方向运动;以及驱动组件,所述吻合器击发时,所述驱动组件推动所述击发组件朝向所述吻合器的远端侧方向运动,并将所述击发组件中的吻合钉朝向所述钉砧推出。
该外科吻合器可以用于组织吻合。首先将外科吻合器放置于病变位置,将需要吻合的组织通过所述壳体侧壁的窗口拉入到所述壳体内部,使得所述组织位于所述钉砧和所述击发组件之间,然后通过驱动组件驱动击发组件朝向吻合器的远端侧运动而与钉砧夹紧组织,实现吻合器闭合,并通过击发组件中的吻合钉在钉砧处成型而对组织进行吻合,结构精简,操作简单。本发明通过一套驱动组件既可以实现钉砧和击发组件之间的闭合以夹紧组织,又可以实现驱动吻合钉推出成型,即采用一套驱动组件即可以实现吻合器闭合和击发,结构更加精简。进一步地,所述击发组件与所述壳体可拆卸地连接,在不使用时可以将所述击发组件进行更换,实现了器械的可重复利用。
下面结合附图详细介绍本发明各个具体实施例的外科吻合器的结构,可以理解的是,各个具体实施例不作为本发明的保护范围的限制。
如图1~9所示,本发明第一实施例提供了一种外科吻合器,包括:中空的壳体1,所述壳体1的侧壁开设有窗口13;钉砧2,固定于所述壳体1的内部;击发组件,位于所述钉砧2的近端侧,所述击发组件的内部设置有吻合钉,所述击发组件至少部分可拆卸地连接于所述壳体,且所述击发组件可沿所述吻合器的轴向方向运动;以及驱动组件7,所述吻合器击发时,所述驱动组件7推动所述击发组件朝向所述吻合器的远端侧方向运动,并将所述击发组件中的吻合钉朝向所述钉砧2推出。
在采用该吻合器对组织进行缝合或对组织开口进行吻合时,首先将外科吻合器放置于病变位置,例如,将外科吻合器经***放入到直肠内部,以对直肠中的组织进行缝合或组织开口进行关闭。在其他的实施方式中,外科吻合器也可以用于消化道其他位置的组织缝合或组织开口关闭,均属于本发明的保护范围之内。进一步地,所述击发组件与所述壳体可拆卸地连接,在不使用时可以将所述击发组件进行更换,实现了器械的可重复利用。
在外科吻合器放置到位之后,可以使用手术钳等工具将需要吻合的组织通过所述壳体1侧壁的窗口13拉入到所述壳体1内部,使得所述组织进入到所述钉砧2和所述击发组件之间,然后通过驱动组件7驱动击发组件朝向吻合器的远端侧运动而与钉砧2夹紧组织,即实现了吻合器的闭合,然后驱动组件7可以进一步驱动击发组件中的吻合钉在钉砧处成型而对组织进行吻合,实现了组织缝合或组织开口闭合。因此,本发明采用一套驱动组件即可以实现吻合器闭合和击发,结构更加精简。所述壳体1为管状或近似于管状的形状,所述窗口13设置于所述壳体1的侧壁,且在初始状态下,所述钉砧2和所述击发组件分别位于所述窗口13的两端,这样,在消化道组织的吻合过程中,吻合器贴合组织的自然生长形态,所述窗口13贴近待吻合的组织,更易于把待吻合的组织拉入位于所述壳体1侧壁的所述窗口13中,在吻合过后的组织更接近于人体组织的自然形态,不会造成术后的异物感等不适。
在该实施例中,如图3所示,初始状态下,所述击发组件位于所述窗口13的近端侧,所述驱动组件7推动所述击发组件朝向所述吻合器的远端侧方向运动时,所述击发组件逐渐靠近所述钉砧2,并且逐渐覆盖所述窗口13并将所述击发组件中的吻合钉朝向所述钉砧2推出。
如图3和图4所示,所述驱动组件7包括驱动把手71和第二弹性件73,所述驱动把 手71与所述壳体1可旋转地连接,所述第二弹性件73位于所述驱动组件7和所述壳体1之间。具体地,所述壳体1的近端侧设置有固定把手12,所述第二弹性件73的第一端731和第二端732分别抵触所述固定把手12和所述驱动把手71。所述驱动把手71包括弹性件止挡部7131,所述弹性件止挡部7131沿所述驱动把手71的长度方向延伸,所述第二弹性件73的第二端732抵持于所述弹性件止挡部7131,且可沿所述弹性件止挡部7131的延伸方向运动。
如图4所示,所述第二弹性件73的第二端732具有翘起部,所述翘起部可以相比于所述第二弹性件73的主体部分向上翘起或向下翘起,所述翘起部抵持于所述驱动把手71的所述弹性件止挡部7131朝向所述固定把手12的一侧。所述第二端732的翘起部结构形状还可以是其他的例如圆弧面,以减小其与所述弹性件止挡部7131的摩擦力。进一步地,所述第二弹性件73的第二端732开设有通槽733,所述通槽733沿所述第二弹性件73的长度方向延伸。通过设置所述通槽733,所述第二弹性件73在靠近所述驱动把手71的一侧的更容易产生弹性变形,更方便操作者握持驱动把手71时压缩第二弹性件73变形。
如图5所示,所述击发组件包括钉仓组件3和击发块5,所述钉仓组件3包括用于承载吻合钉的钉仓31,从所述吻合器的远端侧方向到近端侧方向,所述钉砧2、所述钉仓31和所述击发块5依次沿所述吻合器的轴向方向排列。所述击发块5与所述壳体1可拆卸地连接,且所述击发块5和所述钉仓31可沿所述吻合器的轴向方向运动。
在本发明中,远端侧和近端侧是相对于操作者来说的,距离操作者较近的一端为近端侧,距离操作者较远的一端,即更靠近手术位置的一端为远端侧,沿所述吻合器的轴心的方向为轴向,即从吻合器的远端侧到近端侧的方向,或从吻合器的近端侧到远端侧的方向。在图1的视角中,壳体1的远端侧11即为壳体1的左端一侧,而壳体1的固定把手12位于壳体1的近端侧。图1中S1方向即为由近端侧至远端侧方向,S2方向即为由远端侧至近端侧方向。在图14的视角中,导轨4的远端侧41为其左端一侧,导轨4的近端侧42为其右端一侧。在本发明中,上下方向是以图1的视角中上下方向来定义的,即在图1中,D1方向为向上的方向。左右方向是以图20中的D2方向来定义的。在本发明中,对于一个部件来说,内侧和外侧是相对于该部件的轴心来说的,靠近轴心的一侧为内侧,远离轴心的一侧为外侧。
如图1和图2所示,在该实施例中,所述驱动把手71被握持而沿第一方向运动时,所述驱动把手71推动所述击发块5朝向所述吻合器的远端侧方向运动。如图1所示,所述驱动把手71包括依次排列的击发配合部711、枢转部712和握持部713,所述枢转部712可旋转地连接至所述壳体1,所述击发配合部711与所述击发块5的近端侧可旋转地连接。如图3所示,在该实施例中,所述吻合器还包括一传动件6,所述传动件6的两端分别可旋转地连接于所述击发块5的近端侧和所述驱动把手71的击发配合部711。所述钉砧2和所述击发组件均贴近所述壳体1的内侧壁设置,以增大所述壳体1内的视野和操作空间。所述击发组件与所述枢转部712位于所述壳体1中心线的两侧,以获得更高的击发力传递效率。在该实施例中,所述击发组件位于所述壳体1中心线的上侧,所述枢转部712位于所述壳体1中心线的下侧。在另一可替代的实施方式中,也可以所述击发组件位 于所述壳体1中心线的下侧,所述枢转部712位于所述壳体1中心线的上侧等,均属于本发明的保护范围之内。
如图2所示,所述壳体1的近端侧开设有近端开口15,所述击发组件从所述近端开口15进入所述壳体1的内部。操作者也可以通过近端开口15看到吻合器的内部,以及使用手术钳等外科工具,对待吻合的组织进行操作。在该实施例中,所述钉砧2和所述钉仓组件3均位于所述壳体1的内部的上方,所述窗口13开设于所述壳体1的上表面,且所述窗口13的位置与所述钉砧2的位置相对应,方便将所述需要吻合的组织通过所述窗口13拉入到所述钉砧2与所述钉仓组件3之间。在其他可替代的实施方式中,所述窗口13也可以设置于所述壳体1的侧壁的其他位置,而不限于图2中示出的位置。
如图3所示,在该实施例中,所述壳体1的远端侧开设有远端开口111,所述远端开口111避免在所述吻合器放置入组织时,吻合器的远端与组织腔体之间形成密闭的空间,避免消化道内部正常的分泌的气体或液体及内容物造成的影响。此外,由于所述钉砧2和所述钉仓组件3均靠近所述壳体1的内侧上表面设置,而且所述钉砧2和所述钉仓组件3均为占位很小的壁状结构更方便操作者观察壳体1的内部,以及提供了更大的操作空间。在该实施例中,所述远端开口111位于所述壳体1的远端侧表面的中部,即所述远端开口111与所述吻合器的轴心对齐,且为一个圆形的开口。在其他可替代的实施方式中,所述远端开口111也可以开设于其他位置,也可以为其他形状,例如所述远端开口111为设置在远端侧壁的至少两个贯通远端侧壁的圆形、或者椭圆形开口,均属于本发明的保护范围之内。
如图1和图2所示,所述壳体1的远端侧表面可以为用于导向的弧形表面,即所述壳体1的远端侧直径小于其主体部分的直径,而使得其远端侧形成一个近似圆锥形的导向部,可以更方便地引导壳体1穿过******到直肠的内部,或引导壳体1更容易地进入消化道的其他病变部位,同时保护粘膜层不受到损伤。
进一步地,在该实施例中,为了便于操作者观察壳体1的内部,所述外科吻合器还包括发光部件,所述发光部件位于所述壳体1的内部。所述发光部件可以是夜光涂层,涂覆于所述壳体1的内侧表面,在黑暗的环境中会自然发光。在其他的实施方式中,所述发光部件也可以采用其他的结构,例如涂覆夜光涂层或者嵌置有夜光涂层的发光块等,均属于本发明的保护范围之内。
下面结合图1~15对外科吻合器的击发过程进行具体描述。如图1~9所示,为该实施例中外科吻合器在初始状态下(即未击发时)的结构示意图。如图10~14所示,为该实施例中外科吻合器在击发时的结构示意图。如图15所示,为该实施例中外科吻合器在击发完成后复位的结构示意图。
在该实施例中,在不同的状态下,所述钉仓31具有第一位置和第二位置,所述第二位置位于所述第一位置的远端侧。所述钉仓31从所述第一位置向所述第二位置运动时,所述钉仓31逐渐覆盖所述窗口13。所述击发块5具有第三位置、第四位置和第五位置,所述第四位置位于所述第三位置的远端侧,所述第五位置位于所述第四位置的远端侧。
如图3和图5所示,初始状态下,所述钉仓31位于所述第一位置,所述第一位置位 于所述窗口13的近端侧。此时,所述钉仓31可以完全位于所述窗口13的近端侧即不与所述窗口13重合,或者,所述钉仓31部分位于所述窗口13的近端侧即部分与所述窗口13重合,但整***于所述窗口13的相对近端侧。如图1和图5所示,初始状态下,驱动把手71未被握持,所述钉仓31处于初始的第一位置,所述击发块5位于初始的第三位置。
如图5~9所示,在该实施例中,所述外科吻合器还包括沿所述吻合器的轴向方向延伸的导轨4,所述钉砧2、所述钉仓组件3和所述击发块5从所述吻合器的远端侧到近端侧方向依次套设于所述导轨4上。所述导轨4可以对所述钉仓组件3和所述击发块5轴向方向运动进行引导和限定,保持所述钉仓组件3和所述钉砧2在轴向方向对齐,从而保证所述钉仓组件3中的吻合钉推出后能够在钉砧2的钉砧面22上的对应位置成型。所述导轨4的远端侧41可以固定于所述壳体1的内部,所述钉砧2固定于所述壳体1的内部,从而保持所述导轨4和所述钉砧2相对于壳体1的位置稳定性,但本发明不限于此。所述击发块5在与所述壳体1分离后,所述击发块5和所述钉仓组件3可从所述导轨4的近端侧42移出。
如图5~图7所示,在该实施例中,所述外科吻合器包括两个所述导轨4,所述钉砧2、所述钉仓31和所述击发块5的两侧分别套设于所述导轨4。在其他可替代的实施方式中,所述导轨4也不限于设置两个,也可以设置为一个或多个,均属于本发明的保护范围之内。所述钉砧2的两侧分别具有一个钉砧引导部21,套设于两个导轨4上,两个钉砧引导部21之间为钉砧面22。所述钉仓31包括两个钉仓引导部311,分别套设于两个导轨4上,两个钉仓引导部311之间为钉仓面312,钉仓面312中设置有多个钉孔3121,所述钉孔3121可以排成一排或排成多排。当所述钉孔3121为至少两排时,可以彼此交错设置,即在内圈的所述钉孔3121与在外圈的所述钉孔3121沿直径方向的投影有重合。如图8所示的吻合钉33设置于所述钉仓31的钉孔3121的内侧。在所述吻合器击发时,所述击发块5推动所述吻合钉33从所述钉仓31的钉孔3121中推出。如图7所示,所述击发块5的远端侧设置有击发片51,用于在吻合器击发时将所述吻合钉33从所述钉仓31中推出,所述击发块5的两侧分别设置有击发引导部52。如图8所示,所述吻合钉33包括固定端331和尖刺端332,所述吻合钉33的固定端331固定于所述钉仓31的内侧。所述吻合器击发时,所述击发块5的击发片51推动所述吻合钉33的尖刺端332穿过钉孔3121,刺破组织后到达钉砧2,在钉砧2的钉砧面22成型,且所述固定端311从所述钉仓31脱离而固定在组织上,实现对组织的吻合。图8中的吻合钉的形状和结构仅为示例,在其他可替代的实施方式中,所述吻合钉可以采用其他的形状和结构,均属于本发明的保护范围之内。例如,在另一可替代的实施方式中,所述吻合钉为“B”字形钉,所述吻合钉包括两侧的两个可刺破组织的钉脚,吻合钉在钉砧上成型时,吻合钉的两个钉腿抵压在钉砧的钉槽上弯曲变形使吻合钉成类“B”字形状。
如图10和图11所示,沿第一方向(即图10中的S3方向)握持驱动把手71时,驱动把手71沿第一方向旋转,击发配合部711向远端侧方向(即图1中S1方向)推动击发块5,使得击发块5从所述第三位置向远端侧方向运动至所述第四位置,即到达如图12所示的位置,在击发块5从第三位置运动到第四位置的过程中,击发块5和钉仓31是联 动的,钉仓31在击发块5的推动作用下向远端侧运动至第二位置,此处第二位置即为钉砧2和钉仓31夹紧组织的手术位置,即实现了吻合器的闭合。此时,第二弹性件73被驱动把手71压迫而具有一定的弹性变形量。
击发块5在第四位置时,继续沿第一方向握持驱动把手71,驱动把手71驱动击发块5继续向远端侧方向运动至第五位置,即如图13所示的击发块5的位置。如图13和图14所示,在所述击发块5从第四位置向第五位置运动的过程中,击发块5与钉仓31不再联动,钉仓31的位置保持在第二位置不变,击发块5的远端侧至少部分进入到钉仓31的内部,而使得击发块3的远端侧可以将钉仓31内部的吻合钉朝向钉砧2方向推出,实现吻合器的击发,此时,第二弹性件73被驱动把手71进一步压迫而具有更大的弹性变形量。因此,本发明通过一个驱动把手71即可以实现吻合器的闭合和击发。
如图15所示,在吻合器击发完成后,操作者松开驱动把手71,即所述驱动把手71的握持力消除,此时在所述第二弹性件73的弹性变形恢复力作用下,所述驱动把手71从击发位置沿第二方向(即图15中的S4方向)旋转,回弹到其初始位置,实现了吻合器的复位,所述第二方向与所述第一方向相反。进一步地,由于所述驱动把手71与所述击发组件可旋转地连接,所述驱动把手71沿第二方向旋转时,带动所述击发块5向吻合器的近端侧方向运动,实现所述钉仓31返回至第一位置。
该实施例中仅示出了一种第二弹性件73的结构。在其他可替代的实施方式中,所述第二弹性件73也可以设置于所述固定把手12与所述驱动把手71的击发配合部711之间,也可以设置于所述壳体1的侧壁与所述驱动把手71的击发配合部711或握持部713之间,均属于本发明的保护范围之内。在其他可替代的实施方式中,所述第二弹性件73也可以采用压簧、拉簧、扭簧等弹性结构。
如图7、9和14所示,在该实施例中,所述击发组件还包括第一弹性件32,所述第一弹性件32的两端分别抵持所述钉仓31和所述击发块5。所述第一弹性件32位于所述钉仓31的内部,所述第一弹性件32的远端侧抵持所述钉仓31的远端侧面,所述第一弹性件32的近端侧抵持所述击发块5的远端侧面。
如图7所示,在该实施例中,所述第一弹性件32包括两个压簧,所述两个压簧分别设置于所述钉仓31的两个钉仓引导部311中,并且分别套设在两个所述导轨4上。所述击发引导部52的远端侧面和所述钉仓31的远端侧面之间设置有所述第一弹性件32。
初始状态下(即图9的状态),所述钉仓31处于所述第一位置,所述击发块5处于所述第三位置,此时,所述第一弹性件32可以处于未被压缩的状态,也可以处于具有一定初始压缩量的状态,此时握持所述驱动把手71,所述驱动把手71给所述击发块5的推力不足以克服所述第一弹性件32抵抗变形的力,因此所述钉仓31与所述击发块5通过所述第一弹性件32实现联动,所述击发块5推动所述钉仓31同步向钉砧2侧运动,所述击发块5运动至第四位置,所述钉仓31运动至第二位置(即图12的状态)。此时,由于所述钉仓31和所述钉砧2一起夹紧组织,继续握持驱动把手71时,会受到组织对钉仓31继续向远端侧方向运动的阻力,因此,需要增大驱动把手71的握持力,驱动把手71给击发块5的推力变大而克服所述第一弹性件32抵抗变形的力,压缩所述第一弹性件32变形, 此时所述钉仓31不再向远端侧方向运动,而所述击发块5继续向远端侧运动至第五位置(即图13和图14的状态)。所述击发块5的击发片51突出于所述击发引导部52的远端侧面,因此,所述击发片51与所述钉仓31中的吻合钉接触并将所述吻合钉朝向钉砧2推出,实现吻合器的击发。
在所述吻合器击发完成后,所述驱动把手71在所述第一弹性件73的作用下沿第二方向旋转复位时,所述驱动把手71带动所述钉仓组件3向吻合器的近端侧方向运动回到初始状态的第一位置。同时,在所述驱动把手71沿第二方向旋转复位时,所述第一弹性件32不再受向远端侧方向的推力,在其自身弹性恢复力作用下,向近端侧方向推动所述击发片51,所述击发块5在所述第一弹性件32的作用下相对于所述钉仓31退回到初始状态的所述钉仓31内部的第三位置。在不同的实施方式中,所述第一弹性件32可以是弹簧、金属弹片等结构,也可以是受到外力后可以压缩的柔性材料块,例如橡胶块、硅胶块等,均属于本发明的保护范围之内。
在另一可替代的实施方式中,也可以不设置该第一弹性件32,而是在击发块5的远端侧外壁和所述钉仓31的近端侧内壁之间设置摩擦阻尼机构(例如在钉仓31的近端侧内壁或所述击发块5的远端侧外壁设置有橡胶颗粒的摩擦阻尼层),在初始状态下,握持所述驱动把手71,所述驱动把手71给所述击发块5的推力不足以克服所述摩擦阻尼机构的摩擦力,因此所述钉仓31与所述击发块5通过所述摩擦阻尼机构实现联动,所述击发块5推动所述钉仓31同步向钉砧2侧运动,所述击发块5运动至第四位置,所述钉仓31运动至第二位置(即图12的状态)。此时,由于所述钉仓31和所述钉砧2一起夹紧组织,继续握持驱动把手71时,会受到组织对钉仓31继续向远端侧方向运动的阻力,因此,需要增大驱动把手71的握持力,驱动把手71给击发块5的推力变大而克服所述摩擦阻尼机构的摩擦力,此时所述钉仓31在组织的反作用力下不再向远端侧方向运动,而所述击发块5继续向远端侧运动至第五位置(即图13的状态)。所述击发块5的击发片51突出于所述击发引导部52的远端侧面,因此,所述击发片51与所述钉仓31中的吻合钉接触并将所述吻合钉朝向钉砧2推出,实现吻合器的击发。
如图16和图17示出了所述驱动把手71、所述壳体1以及所述击发组件之间的配合结构。如图17所示,所述固定把手12中开设有安装槽121,所述驱动把手71的枢转部712位于所述安装槽121中,且所述枢转部712可在所述安装槽121中旋转。具体地,所述安装槽121的侧壁开设有第一通孔122,所述驱动把手71的枢转部712开设有第二通孔7121,所述驱动组件7还包括第二连接件75,所述第二连接件75穿设于所述第一通孔122和所述枢转部712的第二通孔7121中,使得所述枢转部712可以绕所述第二连接件75旋转。在该实施例中,所述固定把手12与所述吻合器的轴向方向成一定角度,方便操作者握持,也不会对壳体1的近端开口15形成遮挡,操作者可以更方便地从近端开口15处观察壳体1的内部。在其他可替代的实施方式中,所述固定把手12也可以沿所述吻合器的轴向方向延伸设置,或采用其他的形状和/或其他的与壳体1的连接方式,均属于本发明的保护范围之内。在其他可替代的实施方式中,所述固定把手12也可以不设置所述安装槽,所述驱动把手71的外侧壁与所述固定把手12的外侧壁贴合设置,或者在所述驱 动把手71中设置安装槽,所述固定把手12穿设于所述安装槽中,均属于本发明的保护范围之内。
在该实施例中,在不使用所述外科吻合器而需要更换所述击发组件时,可以将所述第二连接件75从所述第一通孔122和所述第二通孔7121中脱离,所述第二连接件75脱离所述第一通孔122和/或所述第二通孔7121时,所述击发组件整体与所述壳体1脱离。同时,所述击发组件可以与所述壳体1分离,而使得所述驱动把手71和所述击发组件可以一起与所述壳体1分离。所述第二连接件75包括操作部751和连接部752,所述连接部752穿设于所述第一通孔122和所述第二通孔7121中,所述操作部751位于所述驱动把手71的外侧,通过对所述操作部751执行拔出动作可以将所述连接部752从所述第一通孔122和所述第二通孔7121中拔出。
如图16~18所示,所述击发块5与所述壳体1通过第一连接件8可拆卸地连接,所述击发块5的一侧表面设置有沿所述吻合器的轴向方向延伸的导槽56,所述第一连接件8固定于所述壳体1,所述第一连接件8部分位于所述导槽56中,且所述第一连接件8可沿所述导槽56的延伸方向运动,以实现所述击发块5可相对于所述壳体1沿所述吻合器的轴向方向运动,并且所述导槽56也可以对所述击发块5的轴向运动提供导向。所述导槽56是连通所述击发块5的上侧面与下侧面的通槽。
具体地,如图19和图20所示,所述第一连接件8包括依次排列的第一配合部81、连接部82和第二配合部83,所述第一配合部和所述第二配合部的宽度大于所述导槽56的宽度,所述第一配合部81与所述壳体1固定连接,所述连接部82部分穿设于所述导槽56中,以使得所述第一配合部81和所述第二配合部83分别位于所述击发块5的内外两侧,此处所述第一配合部81和所述第二配合部83分别位于所述击发块5的内外两侧指的是分别位于所述击发块5的上下两侧。所述连接部82可沿所述导槽56的延伸方向运动,以实现所述击发块5可相对于所述壳体1沿所述吻合器的轴向方向运动,并且所述导槽56也可以对所述击发块5的轴向运动提供导向。如图17所示,所述壳体1设有第一连接件安装部,其与第一配合部81相连接。在该实施例中,所述第一连接件安装部为连接件安装槽16,所述第一配合部81固定嵌设于所述连接件安装槽16中。在其他可替代的实施方式中,所述第一配合部81与所述壳体1也可以通过其他方式固定连接,例如通过螺栓、铆钉、销轴、卡扣等紧固件将所述第一配合部81与所述壳体1的侧壁进行固定连接。
在该实施例中,所述第一配合部81为沿所述击发块5的宽度方向(即图20中D2方向)延伸的,但本发明不限于此,在其他可替代的实施方式中,所述第一配合部81也可以设置为其他形状。
在另一可替代的实施方式中,所述第一连接件安装部也可以采用凸块、梁等结构,所述第一配合部与所述第一连接件安装部相连接。例如,所述第一连接件安装部为凸块,所述第一配合部上设置有与所述凸块配合的槽,或者所述第一配合部与所述第一连接件安装部螺接、铆接等。所述第一配合部的宽度也可以小于或等于所述导槽56的宽度,通过所述壳体1与所述第一配合部的连接来保持第一配合部不进入所述导槽56的内部。
进一步地,如图19和图20所示,为了实现所述第一连接件8与所述击发块5的可 拆卸连接,所述导槽56的远端侧设置有导槽孔561,所述导槽孔561的宽度大于所述第二配合部83的宽度,所述第二配合部83运动至所述导槽孔处时,所述第二配合部83可通过所述导槽孔561中从所述导槽56分离,以使得所述击发块5与所述壳体1分离。此处宽度指的是沿图20中D1方向的宽度。
图20和图21分别示出了在初始状态下和击发状态下第一连接件8与击发块5配合的结构。如图20所示,在初始状态下,所述击发块5位于第三位置,所述第一连接件8的第二配合部83位于所述导槽孔561的近端侧。由于此时在驱动把手71的保持作用下,所述击发块5不会有向近端侧方向的位移,所述第二配合部83也就不会进入所述导槽孔561中而与所述导槽56分离,从而保证了初始状态下,所述击发块5与所述壳体1相对稳定的连接。如图21所示,在击发状态下,所述击发块5向远端侧方向运动至第四位置,所述第一连接件8朝向所述导槽56的近端侧562方向运动,在运动过程中,所述第二配合部83也不会与所述导槽56分离,从而保证了击发过程中所述击发块5与所述壳体1相对稳定的连接。
在不使用所述外科吻合器且需要拆除所述击发组件时,首先将第二连接件75拔出,所述驱动把手71与固定把手12分离,所述驱动把手71可以向近端侧方向拉动所述击发块5,使得所述第一连接件8相对于所述击发块5朝向所述导槽56的远端侧方向运动,使得所述第二配合部83运动至所述导槽孔处时,所述第二配合部83可通过所述导槽孔561中从所述导槽56分离,从而可以将所述驱动把手12和所述击发块5、所述钉仓组件3一起从所述壳体1中取出。
如图16所示,在该实施例中,所述击发块5的近端侧设置有第一枢转轴54,所述传动件6的一端包括挂钩部61,所述挂钩部61可旋转地挂在所述第一枢转轴54上。所述驱动把手71的击发配合部711设置有第二枢转轴7111,所述传动件6的第二端包括第一连接孔62,该第一连接孔62可旋转地套设于所述第二枢转轴7111。所述挂钩部61可相对于所述第一枢转轴54旋转一定角度而脱离所述第一枢转轴54。因此,在所述击发块5与所述壳体1分离后,通过将所述挂钩部61从所述第一枢转轴54上取下,还可以进一步将所述击发块5与所述驱动把手71分离。
如图16所示,在该实施例中,所述击发块5的近端侧设置有止挡部57,所述止挡部57位于所述第一枢转轴54的远端侧,且所述止挡部57的近端侧面与所述挂钩部61的远端侧面相对设置。所述止挡部57可以对所述传动件6的挂钩部61与所述击发块5之间的位置关系进行限定,防止在所述吻合器使用时,所述挂钩部61与所述第一枢转轴54意外脱离。进一步地,所述止挡部57的近端侧面和所述挂钩部61的远端侧面分别为相对应的倾斜的引导面。
如图22和图23所示,所述驱动组件7还可以进一步包括保险销74,用于在外科吻合器未到达手术位置时,限定初始位置时驱动把手71的位置,防止出现误击发。
如图22和图23所示,所述安装槽121的一侧壁开设有第三通孔1211,所述保险销74穿过所述第三通孔1211而至少部分进入所述安装槽121中,且所述保险销74可从所述第三通孔1211中拔出。在该实施例中,所述保险销74包括凸出部741和阻挡部742, 在初始状态下,所述阻挡部742穿过所述第三通孔1211而至少部分进入所述安装槽121中,所述凸出部741位于所述安装槽121的侧壁的外侧,且所述凸出部741的外径大于所述第三通孔1211的内径。所述阻挡部742的外径略小于所述第三通孔1211的内径,从而使得需要击发吻合器时,所述阻挡部742可以从所述第三通孔1211中拔出。
如图22所示,在初始状态下,所述外科吻合器未到达手术位置时,所述保险销74穿过所述第三通孔1211而至少部分进入所述安装槽121中,所述保险销74位于所述驱动把手71沿所述第一反向的旋转路径上。此时如果握持所述驱动把手71,则所述驱动把手71沿第一方向的旋转运动会被所述保险销74所阻挡,也就不会驱动所述击发组件,不会实现吻合器的误击发。如图23所示,在所述外科吻合器到达手术位置,需要击发吻合器时,可以将所述保险销74从所述安装槽121的第三通孔1211中拔出,此时所述保险销74不会再阻挡所述驱动把手71沿第一方向的旋转运动,握持所述驱动把手71,可以实现吻合器的击发。
如图24~26所示,示出了本发明第二实施例的外科吻合器的结构。与图1~23示出的第一实施例同样地,当所述第二配合部83运动至所述导槽孔处时,所述第二配合部83可通过所述导槽孔561中从所述导槽56分离。该第二实施例与图1~23所示出的第一实施例的区别在于:所述击发组件可以单独与所述壳体1分离,而单独更换所述击发组件。所述传动件6的一端包括第二连接孔63,所述击发块5的近端侧设有传动件配合部59,所述传动件配合部59上开设有第三连接孔58,所述第二连接孔63与所述第三连接孔58通过一个连接销9旋转地连接。
所述连接销9的一端***到所述第二连接孔63和所述第三连接孔58中,另一端位于所述第二连接孔63和所述第三连接孔58的外部,供操作者手持操作。所述连接销9可脱离所述第二连接孔63与所述第三连接孔58。在需要更换所述击发组件时,通过操作所述连接销9使得所述连接销9脱离所述第二连接孔63和/或所述第三连接孔58后,所述钉仓组件和所述击发块5可脱离所述壳体1。因此,在该实施例中,无需将所述驱动把手71与壳体1分离即可以单独更换所述击发组件。
如图27~32所示,为本发明第三实施例的外科吻合器的结构示意图。该实施例与图1~23示出的第一实施例的区别在于:所述击发组件的内部还设置有切刀90。该外科吻合器可以用于组织吻合和切割。在所述吻合器击发时,所述驱动组件7推动所述击发组件朝向所述吻合器的远端侧方向运动,并将所述击发组件中的吻合钉和切刀90朝向所述钉砧2推出,所述击发组件逐渐靠近所述钉砧2,吻合钉在钉砧2处成型而对组织进行吻合,同时推出切刀90切割组织,以缝合和切割组织。
初始状态下,所述击发组件位于所述窗口13的近端侧。所述驱动组件7推动所述击发组件朝向所述吻合器的远端侧方向运动时,并且逐渐覆盖所述窗口13并将所述击发组件中的吻合钉和切刀90朝向所述钉砧2推出。
如图27所示,所述钉仓组件3包括钉仓31,所述钉仓31中设置有所述吻合钉33。而且所述击发块5的远端侧设有与所述吻合钉对应的击发片51以及切刀90,所述击发片51和所述切刀90至少部分位于所述钉仓31中,所述吻合钉位于所述击发片51的远端侧, 所述切刀90的位置与所述钉仓31的切刀槽313相对应。
如图27和图28所示,所述钉仓31的远端侧为钉仓面312,所述钉仓面312设置有多个钉孔3121,所述钉孔3121可以排成一排或排成多排,当所述钉孔3121为至少一排时,可以彼此交错设置,即在内圈的所述钉孔3121与在外圈的所述钉孔3121沿直径方向的投影有重合。如图28示出了在初始状态下,切刀90的位置与钉仓31的位置关系,其中省去了击发块5。图28示出了击发块5与切刀90配合的结构。切刀90固定安装于所述击发块5的远端侧的容纳槽519中,所述容纳槽519的底面为与所述切刀90相配合的推刀面518。所述击发块5的远端侧设置有击发片51和切刀90,所述击发片51与所述钉孔3121的位置相对应,用于在吻合器击发时将吻合钉穿过所述钉孔3121推出。所述推刀面518位于所述切刀90的近端侧92。所述击发块5向远端侧方向运动时,带动所述切刀90同步向远端侧方向运动。所述吻合器击发时,所述击发块5的击发片51推动所述吻合钉33穿过钉孔3121,刺破组织后到达钉砧2,在钉砧2的钉砧面22成型,且所述吻合钉33从所述钉仓31脱离而固定在组织上,实现对组织的吻合。所述钉砧2还设置有切割配合部,所述切割配合部与所述切刀槽313的位置相对应,在吻合器击发时,通过所述切割配合部与所述切刀9的配合,有利于提高切刀9对组织的切割效果。所述切割配合部可以为刀砧或为位于所述钉砧2的向远端侧延伸的凹槽。具体地,所述刀砧可以采用固定设于所述钉砧2上相应位置的硬性塑料薄片,或者硅胶片等现有技术中公开的方式。
如图27所示,所述切刀槽313为直线型槽或弧线形槽,所述钉孔3121均位于所述切刀槽313的同一侧,且所述钉孔3121相对于所述切刀槽313靠近所述壳体1的内壁设置。即所述切刀90位于远离所述壳体1侧壁的内侧,所述钉孔3121均位靠近所述壳体1侧壁的外侧。
图29是该第三实施例的初始状态下钉砧和击发组件配合的剖视图。图29的剖切方向可以参考图5的A1-A1剖切方向。该实施例中除切刀90之外的其他部件在初始状态下的结构可以参照前面实施例的图1~9,在初始状态下,驱动把手71未被握持,所述钉仓31处于初始的第一位置,所述击发块5位于初始的第三位置,所述切刀9的远端侧91位于所述切刀槽313的内部,未突出于钉仓面312,不会切割组织。在初始位置时,通过所述第二弹性件73保证所述驱动组件稳定地停留在一个位置,不会由于外力误击发。所述外科吻合器包括两个所述导轨4,所述钉砧2、所述钉仓31和所述击发块5的两侧分别套设于所述导轨4。所述钉仓31包括两个钉仓引导部311,分别套设于两个导轨4上,两个钉仓引导部311之间设置所述吻合钉和所述切刀90。
与前面实施例中图10和图11示出的结构类似,初始状态下,沿第一方向握持击发把手71时,击发配合部711向远端侧方向推动击发块5,使得击发块5从所述第三位置运动向远端侧方向至所述第四位置。此时的结构可以参照前面实施例中图12的结构。击发块5从第三位置运动到第四位置的过程中,击发块5和钉仓31联动,钉仓31在击发块5的推动作用下同时向远端侧运动至第二位置,此处第二位置即为钉砧2和钉仓31夹紧组织的手术位置,即实现了吻合器的闭合。此时,第二弹性件73被驱动把手71压迫而具有一定的弹性变形量。此时,所述切刀90的远端侧91虽然随所述击发块5向远端侧方向 运动了一段距离,但是仍然位于所述切刀槽313的内部,未与所述钉仓31发生相对位置的变化,而不会突出于所述钉仓面312,也就不会切割组织。
图30是该第三实施例的击发状态下钉砧和击发组件配合的剖视图。图30的剖切方向可以参照图13的A2-A2剖切方向。图31和图32是该第三实施例的击发状态下切刀和钉仓配合的示意图。所述击发块5在第四位置时,继续沿第一方向握持驱动把手71,驱动把手71驱动击发块5继续向远端侧方向运动至第五位置,即如图30所示的击发块5的位置,此时所述击发块5又向远端侧运动了一定距离。如图30所示,在所述击发块5从第四位置向第五位置运动的过程中,击发块5与钉仓31不再联动,钉仓31的位置保持在第二位置不变,击发块5继续向远端侧运动进入到钉仓31的内部,而使得击发块5的远端侧可以将钉仓31内部的吻合钉朝向钉砧2方向推出,并带动所述切刀90朝向钉砧2方向运动,穿过所述切刀槽313而到达所述钉砧2的切割配合部,即相对于所述钉仓31到达图31和图32所示出的位置,切割组织,完成吻合器的击发。此时,第二弹性件73被驱动把手71进一步压迫而具有更大的弹性变形量。因此,该实施例通过一个驱动把手71即可以实现吻合器的闭合和击发。该实施例的其他部件的结构可以采用图1~23示出的对应部件的结构。图27~32中的切刀90也可以与其他实施例结合,例如在图24~26的实施例中增加如图27~32示出的切刀90、切刀90与钉砧2配合的结构、切刀90与击发块5配合的结构以及切刀90与钉仓31配合的结构,或者在下面所描述的图33~39的实施例中增加如图27~32示出的切刀90、切刀90与钉砧2配合的结构、切刀90与击发块5配合的结构以及切刀90与钉仓31配合的结构。
如图33~37所示,为本发明第四实施例的外科吻合器的结构示意图。该第四实施例与图1~23示出的第一实施例的区别在于:所述击发组件的一侧表面设有第一限位部,所述第一连接件8设有第二限位部。初始状态下,所述第一限位部与所述第二限位部配合,限制所述击发组件朝向所述钉砧2运动;所述吻合器受到外力击发时,所述第一限位部摆脱所述第二限位部,所述击发组件朝向所述钉砧2运动。
因此,初始状态下,通过所述第一限位部和所述第二限位部的配合作用,可以将击发组件保持在初始位置,提高了器械结构的稳定性。在手术过程中,通过壳体1侧壁的窗口13将组织拉入到钉砧2和击发组件之间,在外力作用下,所述第一限位部可摆脱所述第二限位部的限制,所述击发组件朝向所述钉砧2运动,通过击发组件与所述钉砧2的配合即可完成吻合器的击发,并且操作者操作击发时也可以得到触觉反馈。
如图34和图35所示,在该实施例中,所述第一限位部为凸设于所述击发块5与所述第二配合部83相对的一侧的凸台528,即所述凸台528位于所述击发块5的下侧,所述第二限位部为所述第一连接件8的第二配合部83与所述凸台528配合的部分。
初始状态下,所述第二配合部83位于所述凸台528的远端侧,且所述凸台528的远端侧面与所述第二配合部83的近端侧面相配合,通过与壳体1固定的第一连接件8与击发组件的凸台528的配合作用,将击发组件保持在初始位置,提高了器械结构的稳定性。在手术过程中,在外科吻合器放置到位之后,可以使用手术钳等工具将需要吻合的组织通过所述壳体1侧壁的窗口13拉入到所述壳体1内部,使得所述组织进入到所述钉砧2和 所述击发组件之间,此时通过外力向远端侧方向驱动所述击发组件,所述击发组件朝向所述钉砧2运动,所述第一连接件8的第二配合部83越过所述凸台528后相对于所述导槽56向近端侧方向运动,即所述击发组件不受所述第二限位部的限制而向所述钉砧2运动,通过所述击发组件与所述钉砧2的配合即可完成吻合器的击发,并且操作者操作击发时也可以得到触觉反馈。
如图34和35所示,为了在吻合器击发过程中,更好地引导所述第二配合部83越过所述凸台528,所述凸台528的远端侧具有第一引导面5281,所述第一引导面5281为倾斜的平面或弧面。在该实施例中,所述凸台528为一个圆台,但本发明不限于此,在其他可替代的实施方式中,所述凸台528也可以是一个具有第一引导面的矩形块,或一个具有第一引导面的梯形块等,再或者为一球状圆台。进一步地,如图36所示,还可以在所述第二限位部的近端侧与所述凸台528配合的部分设置第二引导面84,所述第二引导面84为倾斜的平面或弧面。
在另一可替代的实施方式中,所述第一限位部可以为设置于所述击发块5的上表面的凸台,所述第二限位部为所述第一连接件8的第一配合部81与所述凸台配合的部分,初始状态下,所述第一配合部81位于所述凸台的远端侧,从而将所述击发组件保持在初始位置,在吻合器受外力击发时,所述第一配合部81越过所述凸台而相对于所述导槽56向近端侧方向运动。进一步地,所述凸台的远端侧面设置有倾斜的第一引导面,所述第一配合部81的近端侧面设置有倾斜的第二引导面。
在再一种可替代的实施方式中,所述第一限位部可以为设置于所述击发块5上表面的凸台,所述第二限位部为设置于所述第一连接件8的第一配合部81下表面的凹槽;或,所述第一限位部可以为设置于所述击发块5下表面的凸台,所述第二限位部为设置于所述第一连接件8的第二配合部83上表面的凹槽。初始状态下,所述凸台位于所述凹槽中,从而将所述击发组件保持在初始位置,在吻合器受外力击发时,所述凸台脱离所述凹槽,所述击发组件朝向所述钉砧运动。进一步地,所述凸台的远端侧面设置有倾斜的第一引导面,所述凹槽的近端侧面设置有倾斜的第二引导面。
在又一种可替代的实施方式中,所述第一限位部可以为设置于所述击发块5上表面的凹槽,所述第二限位部为凸设于所述第一连接件8的第一配合部81下表面的凸台;或,所述第一限位部可以为设置于所述击发块5下表面的凹槽,所述第二限位部为凸设于所述第一连接件8的第二配合部83上表面的凸台。初始状态下,所述凸台位于所述凹槽中,从而将所述击发组件保持在初始位置,在吻合器受外力击发时,所述凸台脱离所述凹槽,所述击发组件朝向所述钉砧运动。进一步地,所述凸台的远端侧面设置有倾斜的第一引导面,所述凹槽的近端侧面设置有倾斜的第二引导面。
在其他可替代的实施方式中,所述导槽56和所述第一限位部也可以设置于所述击发块5的左右侧面或设置于所述钉仓组件3,所述第一限位部和所述第二限位部可以为凸台与第一/第二配合部的配合,也可以为凸台与凹槽的配合,均属于本发明的保护范围之内。
在该实施例中,所述第一连接件8包括第一配合部81、连接部82和第二配合部83,所述凸台528与所述第二配合部83配合。在另一种可替代的实施方式中,所述第一连接 件8可以只包括所述第一配合部81和所述连接部82,不包括第二配合部83,所述凸台528设置在所述击发块5的上侧,与所述第一配合部81配合。
该实施例中除第一限位部和第二限位部之外的其他部件在初始状态下的结构可以参照前面实施例的图1~9,在初始状态下,驱动把手71未被握持,所述钉仓31处于初始的第一位置,所述击发块5位于初始的第三位置,所述击发块5位于初始的第三位置。如图34和35所示,所述凸台528与所述第二配合部83的第二限位部配合,限制所述击发组件向远端侧方向的运动,将所述钉仓31保持在第一位置,将所述击发块5保持在第三位置。
与前面实施例中图10和图11示出的结构类似,初始状态下,沿第一方向握持击发把手71时,击发配合部711向远端侧方向推动击发块5,在外力驱动作用下,所述第二配合部83越过所述凸台528,使得所述第一连接件8相对于所述导槽56向近端侧方向运动,即所述击发块5向远端侧方向运动,使得击发块5从所述第三位置运动向远端侧方向至所述第四位置。此时的结构可以参照前面实施例中图12的结构。击发块5从第三位置运动到第四位置的过程中,击发块5和钉仓31联动,钉仓31在击发块5的推动作用下同时向远端侧运动至第二位置,此处第二位置即为钉砧2和钉仓31夹紧组织的手术位置,即实现了吻合器的闭合。
所述击发块5在第四位置时,继续沿第一方向握持驱动把手71,驱动把手71驱动击发块5继续向远端侧方向运动至第五位置,即如前面实施例中图13和图14中击发块5的位置。在所述击发块5从第四位置向第五位置运动的过程中,击发块5与钉仓31不再联动,钉仓31的位置保持在第二位置不变,击发块5继续向远端侧运动到钉仓31的内部,而使得击发块5的远端侧可以将钉仓31内部的吻合钉朝向钉砧2方向推出,实现吻合器的击发。此时,击发块5和凸台528的位置关系如图37所示。
如图38和图39所示,为本发明第五实施例的吻合器的结构示意图。该第五实施例与图33~37示出的第四实施例类似地,设置有第一限位部和第二限位部,对击发组件的初始位置进行限位。该第五实施例与图33~37示出的第四实施例的区别在于:所述第一限位部为设置于所述导槽56的内侧表面的凸台528,所述第二限位部为设置于所述第一连接件8的连接部82的凹槽85。初始状态下,所述凸台528位于所述凹槽85中,从而将所述击发组件保持在初始位置,在吻合器受外力击发时,所述凸台528脱离所述凹槽85,所述击发组件朝向所述钉砧2运动。进一步地,所述凸台528的远端侧面设置有倾斜的第一引导面,所述凹槽85的近端侧面设置有倾斜的第二引导面。在该实施例中,所述凸台528为一个圆台,所述凹槽85为与所述圆台相配合的圆形凹槽,但本发明不限于此,所述凸台528也可以是一个具有第一引导面的矩形块,或一个具有第一引导面的梯形块等,再或者为一球状圆台。所述凹槽85的形状可以与所述凸台528的形状相适应。
在再一可替代的实施方式中,也可以所述第一限位部为设置于所述导槽56的内侧表面的凹槽,所述第二限位部为设置于所述第一连接件8的连接部82的凸台。初始状态下,所述凸台位于所述凹槽中,从而将所述击发组件保持在初始位置,在吻合器受外力击发时,所述凸台脱离所述凹槽,所述击发组件朝向所述钉砧运动。
在又一可替代的实施方式中,所述导槽56可以设置于所述击发块5的左右侧面或所述钉仓组件3,所述第一限位部设置于所述导槽56的内侧表面,也属于本发明的保护范围之内。
在以上的实施例中,所述第一限位部与所述第二限位部至少设置为一组,也可以是两组,设置为两组时,两组所述第一限位部与所述第二限位部可以对称地设置于所述吻合器轴向方向的两侧,即一侧设置有一组第一限位部和第二限位部,另一侧对称地设置有另一组第一限位部和第二限位部,以获得更好的结构稳定性。
本发明所提供的外科吻合器具有如下优点:
本发明提供了一种对组织吻合的器械,使用过程中将外科吻合器放置于病变位置,将需要吻合的组织通过窗口拉入到钉砧和击发组件之间,通过操作驱动组件驱动击发组件完成吻合器的击发,通过击发组件中的吻合钉在钉砧处成型而对组织进行吻合,实现了组织缝合或组织开口关闭,结构精简,操作简单,并且所述击发组件与所述壳体可拆卸地连接,在不使用时可以方便更换,实现器械的可重复利用,例如在发生***直肠瘘的病人,瘘道及瘘口不止一个的时候,只需要更换击发组件即可,可以降低病人的成本。
以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明,不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干简单推演或替换,都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (29)

  1. 一种外科吻合器,其特征在于,包括:
    中空的壳体,所述壳体的侧壁开设有窗口;
    钉砧,固定于所述壳体的内部;
    击发组件,位于所述钉砧的近端侧,所述击发组件的内部设置有吻合钉,所述击发组件至少部分与所述壳体可拆卸地连接,且所述击发组件相对于所述壳体可沿所述吻合器的轴向方向运动;
    驱动组件,所述吻合器击发时,所述驱动组件推动所述击发组件朝向所述吻合器的远端侧方向运动,并将所述击发组件中的吻合钉朝向所述钉砧推出。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的外科吻合器,其特征在于,所述击发组件包括钉仓组件和击发块,所述钉砧、所述钉仓组件和所述击发块依次沿所述吻合器的轴向方向由远端侧向近端侧的方向排列,所述击发块与所述壳体可拆卸地连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的外科吻合器,其特征在于,所述击发块与所述壳体通过第一连接件可拆卸地连接,所述第一连接件固定设于所述壳体,所述击发块设置有与所述第一连接件配合的导槽。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的外科吻合器,其特征在于,所述第一连接件包括依次排列的第一配合部、连接部和第二配合部,所述第二配合部的宽度大于所述导槽的宽度;所述第一配合部固定设于所述壳体,所述连接部穿设于所述导槽中,以使得所述第一配合部和所述第二配合部分别位于所述击发块的内外两侧。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的外科吻合器,其特征在于,所述导槽的远端侧设置有导槽孔,所述导槽孔的宽度大于所述第二配合部的宽度。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的外科吻合器,其特征在于,所述驱动组件包括驱动把手,所述驱动把手包括依次排列的击发配合部、枢转部和握持部,所述枢转部可旋转地连接至所述壳体,所述击发配合部与所述击发组件可旋转地连接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的外科吻合器,其特征在于,所述壳体的近端侧设置有固定把手,所述枢转部通过一第二连接件与所述固定把手可拆卸地连接。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的外科吻合器,其特征在于,还包括保险销,***所述枢转部和所述固定把手的连接位置。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的外科吻合器,其特征在于,所述固定把手中开设有容纳所述枢转部的安装槽,所述保险销可进入所述安装槽或从所述安装槽中脱离。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的外科吻合器,其特征在于,还包括一传动件,所述传动件的两端分别可旋转地连接于所述击发组件的近端侧和所述驱动把手的击发配合部。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的外科吻合器,其特征在于,所述击发组件的近端侧设置有第一枢转轴,所述传动件的一端包括挂钩部,所述挂钩部可旋转且可分离地挂在所述第一枢转轴上。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的外科吻合器,其特征在于,所述击发组件的近端侧设置有止挡部,所述止挡部位于所述第一枢转轴的远端侧。
  13. 根据权利要求10所述的外科吻合器,其特征在于,所述传动件的一端包括第二连接孔,所述击发块的近端侧设有第三连接孔,所述第二连接孔与所述第三连接孔通过连接销可旋转且可分离地连接。
  14. 根据权利要求6所述的外科吻合器,其特征在于,所述钉砧和所述击发组件均贴近所述壳体的内侧壁设置,所述击发组件与所述枢转部分别位于所述壳体的中心线的两侧。
  15. 根据权利要求6所述的外科吻合器,其特征在于,所述驱动组件还包括第二弹性件,所述第二弹性件位于所述驱动把手和所述壳体之间。
  16. 根据权利要求2所述的外科吻合器,其特征在于,所述钉仓组件包括钉仓,所述钉仓具有第一位置和第二位置,初始状态下,所述钉仓处于所述第一位置,所述吻合器击发时,所述驱动组件通过所述击发块推动所述钉仓向所述吻合器的远端侧方向运动至所述第二位置;
    所述钉仓位于所述第二位置时,所述驱动组件继续推动所述击发块朝向所述吻合器的远端侧方向运动,所述击发块将所述钉仓中的吻合钉朝向所述钉砧推出。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的外科吻合器,其特征在于,所述钉仓组件包括钉仓和位于所述钉仓内的第一弹性件,所述第一弹性件的远端侧抵持所述钉仓的远端侧面,所述第一弹性件的近端侧抵持所述击发块的远端侧面。
  18. 根据权利要求2所述的外科吻合器,其特征在于,还包括沿所述吻合器的轴向方向延伸的导轨,所述钉砧和所述击发组件套设于所述导轨上。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的外科吻合器,其特征在于,包括两个所述导轨,所述钉仓组件的两侧分别设置有套设于所述导轨上的钉仓引导部。
  20. 根据权利要求1所述的外科吻合器,其特征在于,还包括发光部件,所述发光部件位于所述壳体的内部。
  21. 根据权利要求2所述的外科吻合器,其特征在于,所述钉仓组件包括钉仓,所述钉仓中设置有所述吻合钉,所述击发块上设置有切刀。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的外科吻合器,其特征在于,所述钉仓的远端侧设置有切刀槽和钉孔,所述击发块的远端侧设置有击发片,所述击发片与所述钉孔的位置相对应,所述切刀与所述切刀槽的位置相对应。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的外科吻合器,其特征在于,所述切刀槽为直线型槽或弧线形槽,所述钉孔均位于所述切刀槽的同一侧,且所述钉孔相对于所述切刀槽靠近所述壳体的内壁设置。
  24. 根据权利要求21所述的外科吻合器,其特征在于,所述钉砧还设有切割配合部,所述切割配合部与所述切刀槽的位置相对应。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的外科吻合器,其特征在于,所述切割配合部为刀砧或为位于所述钉砧的向远端侧延伸的凹槽。
  26. 根据权利要求3所述的外科吻合器,其特征在于,所述击发组件设有第一限位部,所述第一连接件设有第二限位部,初始状态下,所述第一限位部与所述第二限位部配 合,限制所述击发组件朝向所述钉砧运动。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的外科吻合器,其特征在于,所述第一限位部凸设于所述击发组件或为凹槽,所述第二限位部为凹槽或凸设于所述第一连接件;初始状态下,所述第二限位部位于所述第一限位部的远端侧或与所述第一限位部嵌合。
  28. 根据权利要求27所述的外科吻合器,其特征在于,所述第一限位部与所述第二限位部的相对侧分别设置有第一引导面和第二引导面。
  29. 根据权利要求26所述的外科吻合器,其特征在于,设有两组所述第一限位部及所述第二限位部,沿所述吻合器轴向方向对称地设置。
PCT/CN2021/142297 2020-12-29 2021-12-29 外科吻合器 WO2022143721A1 (zh)

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