WO2022141108A1 - 光声成像探头及光声成像*** - Google Patents
光声成像探头及光声成像*** Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022141108A1 WO2022141108A1 PCT/CN2020/141064 CN2020141064W WO2022141108A1 WO 2022141108 A1 WO2022141108 A1 WO 2022141108A1 CN 2020141064 W CN2020141064 W CN 2020141064W WO 2022141108 A1 WO2022141108 A1 WO 2022141108A1
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- light
- lens
- optical fiber
- photoacoustic imaging
- imaging probe
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of photoacoustic imaging, and relates to, but is not limited to, a photoacoustic imaging probe and a photoacoustic imaging system.
- the dual-mode probe in photoacoustic imaging that is, a hand-held array probe with both traditional ultrasonic imaging and photoacoustic imaging modes, is implemented by coupling optical fibers on the traditional ultrasonic array probe.
- the optical fiber transmits the pulsed laser light to both sides of the ultrasound probe to irradiate the tissue.
- the embodiments of the present application provide a photoacoustic imaging probe and a photoacoustic imaging system, which can improve the convenience of replacing the photoacoustic imaging probe.
- the embodiment of the present application provides a photoacoustic imaging probe, the photoacoustic imaging probe includes: an ultrasonic transducer, a light-transmitting component, and a accommodating structure, wherein:
- the light-transmitting component is arranged on the peripheral side of the ultrasonic transducer, and the accommodating structure is at least used for accommodating the ultrasonic transducer and the light-transmitting component;
- the rear end of the accommodating structure is provided with an optical fiber connection interface, and the light outlet end of the optical fiber is connected with the detachable interface of the optical fiber connection interface;
- the laser light emitted through the light exit end of the optical fiber is incident on the light-transmitting component, and the light-transmitting component conducts the laser light to the front end of the accommodating structure and emits it into the tissue of the detection object.
- An embodiment of the present application provides a photoacoustic imaging probe, the photoacoustic imaging probe comprising: an ultrasonic transducer and a light-transmitting component, wherein:
- the light-transmitting component is connected with the peripheral side of the transducer, the rear end of the light-transmitting component is provided with an optical fiber connection interface, and the light outlet end of the optical fiber is connected with the light-transmitting component through the optical fiber connection interface;
- the laser light emitted through the light exit end of the optical fiber is incident on the light-transmitting component, and the light-transmitting component conducts the laser light into the tissue of the detection object.
- the embodiment of the present application provides a photoacoustic imaging system
- the photoacoustic imaging system includes: a laser emitting device, the above-mentioned photoacoustic imaging probe, a processor and a display device, wherein:
- the laser emitting device is connected to the light entrance end of the optical fiber, the photoacoustic imaging probe is connected to the outlet end of the optical fiber, and the laser light emitted by the laser emitting device is transmitted to the photoacoustic imaging probe through the optical fiber, and is transmitted to the tissue of the detection object by the photoacoustic imaging probe, and the photoacoustic imaging probe receives the photoacoustic signal generated by the tissue of the detection object in response to the laser and transmits it to the processor;
- a processor configured to generate a photoacoustic image of the tissue of the detection object according to the photoacoustic signal
- a display device for displaying the photoacoustic image.
- Embodiments of the present application provide a photoacoustic imaging probe and a photoacoustic imaging system.
- the photoacoustic imaging probe includes: an ultrasonic transducer, a light-transmitting component, and a accommodating structure, wherein: the light-transmitting component is arranged on the ultrasonic transducer
- the accommodating structure is at least used for accommodating the ultrasonic transducer and the light-transmitting assembly; the rear end of the accommodating structure is provided with an optical fiber connection interface, and the light outlet end of the optical fiber is connected to the optical fiber through the optical fiber connection interface.
- the optical fiber connection interface is a detachable interface; the laser light emitted through the light outlet end of the optical fiber is incident on the light-transmitting component, and the light-transmitting component conducts the laser light to the front end of the containing structure and emitted into the tissue of the test object. Since the optical outlet end of the optical fiber and the optical fiber connection interface are detachably connected, when the user replaces the probe according to clinical needs, he only needs to release the connection between the optical outlet end of the optical fiber and the optical fiber connection interface on the accommodating structure, without having to The laser end operates the fiber, which improves the ease and safety of changing probes.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a split-type composite probe in the related art
- FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a photoacoustic imaging probe provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 3 is another schematic structural diagram of the photoacoustic imaging probe provided by the embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a light-transmitting component provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 5 is another schematic structural diagram of the light-transmitting component provided by the embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 6 is another schematic structural diagram of the photoacoustic imaging probe provided by the embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the composition and structure of a photoacoustic imaging probe provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a spot beam expansion structure provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- Fig. 9 is a light spot comparison diagram of the photoacoustic imaging probe before and after setting the light spot beam expansion structure
- FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a photoacoustic imaging system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- first ⁇ second ⁇ third is only used to distinguish similar objects, and does not represent a specific ordering of objects. It is understood that “first ⁇ second ⁇ third” is used in Where permitted, the specific order or sequence may be interchanged to enable the embodiments of the application described herein to be practiced in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein.
- descriptions of a first feature being "on" a second feature may include embodiments in which the first feature and the second feature are formed in direct contact, and may also include further features being formed over the first feature. Embodiments between the feature and the second feature such that the first feature and the second feature may not be in direct contact.
- the photoacoustic imaging probe is a handheld array probe with two modes of traditional ultrasonic imaging and photoacoustic imaging.
- the photoacoustic imaging probe includes an optical fiber bundle and an ultrasonic probe.
- the optical fiber bundle is coupled to the traditional ultrasonic array probe, and the optical fiber bundle is used to transmit the pulsed laser to both sides of the acoustic head to irradiate the tissue.
- the ultrasonic probe ie, the ultrasonic transducer
- the ultrasonic probe has the function of transmitting and receiving ultrasonic signals, which ensures the traditional gray-scale or Doppler blood flow imaging.
- the photoacoustic imaging probe adopts a two-divided optical fiber beam to conduct laser light transmission, and the regions where the two outgoing laser light beams are irradiated to the tissue are overlapped.
- the design of the photoacoustic imaging probe is similar to the conventional ultrasonic probe in appearance, which is convenient for clinical use and more easily accepted by doctors.
- the photoacoustic-ultrasonic dual-modal imaging system includes a laser, a fiber coupler, a fiber bundle, an ultrasound device and an ultrasound probe, wherein the laser emitted by the laser is conducted to both sides of the ultrasound probe through the fiber coupler through the fiber bundle, and irradiated onto the tissue surface.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a split-type composite probe in the related art. As shown in FIG.
- the split-type composite probe includes an ultrasonic probe 101 , an optical fiber bundle 102 and a fixed fixture 103 , and the fixed fixture clamps the optical fiber bundle 102 and couples with the ultrasonic probe 101 , the switch probe only needs to remove the fixing fixture 103 .
- the switch probe due to the different sizes and appearances of different probes, it is difficult to make a single fiber bundle suitable for all probes, and the universality is poor.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the photoacoustic imaging probe provided by the embodiment of the present application.
- the The photoacoustic imaging probe includes: an ultrasonic transducer 201, a light-transmitting component 202 and a accommodating structure 203, wherein:
- the light-transmitting component 202 is disposed on the peripheral side of the ultrasonic transducer 201, and the accommodating structure 203 is at least used to accommodate the ultrasonic transducer 201 and the light-transmitting component 202;
- front refers to the direction close to the detection object
- rear refers to the direction away from the detection object.
- front end of the ultrasonic transducer refers to the end of the ultrasonic transducer that is close to the detection object.
- the rear end of the transducer refers to the end of the ultrasonic transducer away from the detection object;
- front end of the accommodating structure refers to the end of the accommodating structure that is close to the detection object, and the rear end of the accommodating structure refers to the end of the accommodating structure that is far from the detection object, etc.
- the peripheral side of the ultrasonic transducer 201 can be understood as the front end of the ultrasonic transducer and the side surface between the front end of the ultrasonic transducer and the rear end of the ultrasonic transducer.
- the shape of the accommodating structure 203 can be flexibly set based on the use of the photoacoustic imaging probe and the ease of handling, for example, the shape of the accommodating structure can be a cylinder, a polygon, a rectangular parallelepiped with a convex surface, or the like.
- the rear end of the accommodating structure 203 is provided with an optical fiber connection interface 204 , and the light outlet end of the optical fiber is detachably connected to the optical fiber connection interface 204 .
- the light-transmitting component 202 may be a cylinder made of transparent material, and the cylinder is coaxial with the optical fiber connection interface.
- the light-transmitting component may include a lens group, and the laser light emitted from the light outlet end of the optical fiber connected to the laser may be irradiated to the lens group, and after being transmitted through the lens group, it exits from the front end of the accommodating structure;
- the component can also include an optical fiber, and the laser light emitted from the light outlet end of the optical fiber connected with the laser can be irradiated to the optical fiber, and after being conducted through the optical fiber, it exits from the front end of the accommodating structure, and the optical fiber connected with the laser can also be connected with the light-transmitting structure.
- the included optical fibers are transferred through the optical fiber connection interface to reduce the loss of laser light between the two optical fibers.
- the optical fiber connection interface is provided with a first connector
- the light outlet end of the optical fiber is provided with a second connector
- the first connector is detachably connected with the second connector
- the optical fiber connection interface is one of a small (Small A Type, SMA) interface and a ferrule connector (Ferrule Connector, FC) interface.
- the FC interface is a round threaded interface.
- the external reinforcement method is a metal sleeve, and the fastening method is a turnbuckle.
- the metal connector can be plugged and unplugged more times than plastic.
- the FC interface generally has one form, that is, one end is "external thread + hole", and the other end is "internal thread + needle”.
- the first connector can be "external thread + hole”.
- the second connector is "internal thread + needle”, or the first connector is "internal thread + needle”, and the second connector is "external thread + hole", which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of this application .
- the optical fiber connection interface can be a standard SMA interface or a reverse polarity SMA interface.
- Thread + hole the second connector is “internal thread + needle”, or the first connector is “internal thread + needle”, and the second connector is “external thread + hole”, when the optical fiber connection interface is When the reverse polarity SMA interface is used, the first connector can be “external thread + pin”, the second connector is “internal thread + hole”, or the first connector can be “internal thread + hole”, the second connector is “internal thread + hole”
- the connector is "external thread + needle", which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application. .
- the first connector and the second connector are detachably connected.
- the first connector is fixed on, as long as the first connector and the second connector are compatible
- the optical fiber bundle is separated from the current photoacoustic imaging probe through the optical fiber connection interface, and then the photoacoustic imaging probe that needs to be replaced can be connected to complete the replacement of the photoacoustic imaging probe, so that the optical fiber bundle can be easily and quickly
- the disassembly of the photoacoustic imaging probe ensures that users can easily replace different probes.
- the light outlet end of the optical fiber is detachably connected to the accommodating structure through the optical fiber connection interface, so that when the user replaces the probe according to clinical needs, it is only necessary to release the connection between the light outlet end of the optical fiber and the optical fiber connection interface on the accommodating structure, without the need for Operate the fiber at the laser end.
- the laser energy at the optical outlet of the optical fiber is smaller, and the direction of the output is easier to control. It is safer to unplug the fiber directly at the laser end.
- the laser light emitted through the light exit end of the optical fiber is incident on the light-transmitting component 202 , and the light-transmitting component 202 conducts the laser light to the front end of the accommodating structure 204 and emits it to the detection object
- the light-transmitting component 202 can deflect the laser light emitted from the exit end of the optical fiber, so as to deflect the laser light to the front of the ultrasonic transducer.
- the light-transmitting component 202 includes a beam deflecting structure 2021 . After the laser light emitted through the light exit end of the optical fiber is incident on the beam deflecting structure 2021 , it exits according to a preset deflection angle. into the tissue of the test object.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a light-transmitting assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application
- FIG. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of another light-transmitting assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- the implementation of the beam deflection structure It can include but is not limited to the following two as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5:
- the reflective prism 211A shown in FIG. 4, and in FIG. 4, the angle ⁇ 1 between the reflective surface 701 of the reflective prism and the plane 702 where the front end of the accommodating structure is located is an obtuse angle, so that the reflective surface reflects The emitted laser is emitted toward the front of the ultrasonic transducer.
- the reflecting mirror 211B shown in FIG. 5, as shown in FIG. 5, the angle ⁇ 2 between the reflecting mirror 211B and the plane 702 where the front end of the accommodating structure is located is an obtuse angle, so that the laser light reflected by the reflecting surface is directed toward The front of the ultrasonic transducer exits.
- the reflective prism or mirror can be arranged on a supporting structure with a suitable size, the supporting structure can also be a supporting part inside the accommodating structure, and the reflective prism or mirror is fixed on the supporting part inside the accommodating structure .
- the front of the ultrasonic transducer that is, the direction in which the ultrasonic transducer is close to the detection object, since the light-transmitting component is arranged on the peripheral side of the ultrasonic transducer, the beam deflection structure can realize the direction of the laser (also called the beam) toward the detection object. And deflect toward the axis direction of the ultrasonic transducer, so as to ensure that the laser irradiation area coincides with the detection area of the ultrasonic probe.
- the substances with strong optical absorption properties (such as blood) in the biological tissue absorb the light energy and cause local heating and thermal expansion, and ultrasonic waves are generated and propagated outward, so that they are detected by the ultrasonic transducer.
- the laser is emitted toward the front of the ultrasonic transducer, so that the irradiation position of the laser is basically coincident with the scanning position of the ultrasonic transducer, so that the ultrasonic transducer can receive the ultrasonic waves generated by the biological tissue under the action of the laser. .
- the light-transmitting component 202 can also expand the laser beam emitted from the exit end of the optical fiber. Beam expansion is to expand the diameter of the input beam, so that a beam with a larger diameter is output.
- the light-transmitting component 202 can Expands the irradiation area of the laser irradiated on the detection target tissue. Since the diameter of the laser emitted through the optical fiber exit port is small, expanding the laser beam through the light-transmitting component can expand the diameter of the laser beam, thereby ensuring that the irradiation area of the beam matches the size of the ultrasonic transducer as much as possible.
- the light-transmitting component may include a spot beam expanding structure 2022 as shown in FIG. 3 , so that the laser light emitted through the light outlet end of the optical fiber passes through the spot beam expanding structure. , forming an expanded beam.
- the spot beam expanding structure 2022 includes a first lens 221 and a second lens 222 , wherein the laser light incident on the spot beam expanding structure first passes through the first lens 221 and then passes through the second lens 222 , forming the beam after beam expansion; that is, the first lens 221 is located behind the second lens 222, and the first lens 221 has a divergent effect, that is, the first lens 221 has an angular magnification characteristic; the second lens 222 has a converging effect, to convert the divergent light passing through the first lens into parallel light.
- the parallel light here is not required to be parallel light in the strict sense, but may also refer to approximately parallel parallel light.
- the first lens 221 may be a concave lens
- the concave lens may further include a bi-concave lens, a plano-concave lens, and a convex-concave lens.
- the second lens 222 can be a convex lens, and the convex lens can include a biconvex lens, a plano-convex lens, and a meniscus lens.
- the second lens 222 may be a plano-convex lens, or may also be a plano-convex cylindrical lens, and the convex surface of the plano-convex lens faces the front end of the accommodating structure; and, in the embodiment of the present application, the first lens and the second lens
- the focal point is coaxial, that is, the focal point of the plano-concave lens and the plano-convex lens are coaxial.
- the first lens and the second lens may be disposed on a support structure with a size that matches.
- the support structure may be a support part inside the accommodating structure, and the first lens and the second lens are fixed inside the accommodating structure.
- the support structure can be a hollow cylinder, the first lens and the second lens can be fixed in the hollow cylinder, the The hollow cylinder is accommodated in the accommodating structure.
- the distance between the first lens and the second lens can be less than one-third of the length of the photoacoustic imaging probe, so as to ensure that the beam deflection structure has enough space for installation.
- the distance between the first lens and the second lens may be less than half of the length of the photoacoustic imaging probe. In some embodiments, the distance between the first lens and the second lens also needs to satisfy that the outgoing light obtained after the laser light emitted from the first lens passes through the second lens is parallel light.
- the light-transmitting component may also be a solid structure made of a material with high optical transmission properties, such as a glass cylinder, wherein the spot beam expanding structure and the beam deflecting structure may be hollowed out in the glass cylinder Or fill the optical path structure formed by materials with different refractive index, the optical path structure formed by hollowing out or filling with different refractive index materials can make the laser incident on the optical path structure refract or reflect, so as to achieve the effect of laser beam expansion or laser beam deflection.
- a material with high optical transmission properties such as a glass cylinder
- the distance between the first lens and the second lens is only exemplary, and in actual implementation, the distance between the first lens and the second lens can be set within a reasonable range according to actual needs It can be set freely, and is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
- the first lens, the second lens and the reflecting prism are made of plexiglass material, and can also be made of other materials with high optical and acoustic transmission properties, such as glass or quartz.
- the light-transmitting component 202 may include a beam deflecting structure 2021 and a spot beam expanding structure 2022; and after the laser emitted through the light exit end of the optical fiber is incident on the spot beam expanding structure 2022, a beam expanding structure is formed. After the beam-expanded laser is incident on the beam deflection structure 2021, it is emitted into the tissue of the detection object according to a preset deflection angle, that is to say, in FIG. The rear of structure 2021.
- the implementation process of photoacoustic imaging is described below with the photoacoustic imaging probe shown in FIG. 3 .
- the laser emitted from the laser exit end is incident on the photoacoustic imaging probe shown in FIG. 3
- the laser is incident on the first lens 221
- an angle-expanded diverging beam is emitted from the first lens 221
- the diverging beam is then incident on the first lens 221 .
- the second lens 222 emits the expanded parallel beam from the second lens 222, and the parallel beam is then incident on the beam deflection structure 2021.
- the beam emitted by the beam deflection structure 2021 is incident on the tissue of the detection object according to a preset deflection angle.
- the spot beam expanding structure in the light-transmitting component may also be located in front of the beam deflecting structure.
- the beam deflecting structure is formed according to the preset Angle-deflected laser light
- the beam-expanded laser light is formed and emitted into the tissue of the detection object.
- the laser is injected into the light-transmitting component from the light-emitting port end of the optical fiber, and is incident into the tissue of the inspection object through the specific structure of the light-transmitting component.
- the blood absorbs the light energy, it causes local heating and thermal expansion, thereby generating ultrasonic waves (photoacoustic signals) and propagating outward, so as to be detected by the ultrasonic transducer, and the photoacoustic signals detected by the ultrasonic transducer are transmitted to the photoacoustic imaging system.
- the processor processes the received photoacoustic signal to obtain a photoacoustic image.
- the light-transmitting component includes both the beam deflecting structure and the spot beam-expanding structure. As other implementations, the light-transmitting component may only include the beam-deflecting structure, or only the spot beam-expanding structure.
- the laser incident referred to in this article includes direct incident and indirect incident
- the laser exit also includes direct exit and indirect exit.
- the beam deflecting structure After the beam deflecting structure, it is emitted into the tissue of the detection object according to the preset deflection angle, in which the laser light emitted from the light exit end of the optical fiber can be directly incident on the beam deflecting structure, or can be incident on the beam deflecting structure after passing through other optical components; similar , the laser is emitted into the tissue of the detection object according to the preset deflection angle.
- the laser can be directly irradiated into the tissue of the detection object after being emitted from the beam deflecting structure, or the laser can be emitted from the beam deflecting structure and passed through other optical components. and then irradiated into the tissue of the test object.
- the photoacoustic imaging probe includes a plurality of the light-transmitting components, and the laser light emitted through the plurality of light-transmitting components is concentrated at the same position in front of the ultrasonic transducer, so as to ensure the laser light
- the irradiation area coincides with the detection area of the ultrasonic probe, and the laser energy is concentrated in the overlapped area.
- the plurality of light-transmitting components may be independent of each other, for example, the lens or mirror in each lens component is independent of the other lens component.
- Each lens combination may correspond to an optical fiber connection interface, and the beam expansion structures and/or beam deflection structures included in the multiple light-transmitting components may be the same or different.
- the photoacoustic imaging probe may also include only one light-transmitting component, and the one light-transmitting component may include a plurality of lens combinations, wherein a lens combination may include a spot beam expanding structure and/or a light beam Deflection structure, the spot beam expansion structure and/or beam deflection structure included in different lens combinations can be the same or different, for example, the one light-transmitting component can be a circular glass column surrounding the ultrasonic transducer, the The glass column can be further hollowed out and filled to form a plurality of lens combinations, and each lens combination can correspond to an optical fiber connection interface.
- FIG. 6 is another schematic structural diagram of the photoacoustic imaging probe provided by the embodiment of the present application.
- the photoacoustic imaging probe includes: an ultrasonic transducer 601 and light-transmitting assembly 602, wherein:
- the light-transmitting component 602 is connected to the peripheral side of the transducer 601 , the rear end of the light-transmitting component is provided with an optical fiber connection interface 603 , and the light outlet end of the optical fiber is connected to the light-transmitting component 602 through the optical fiber connection interface 603 . connect;
- the laser light emitted through the light exit end of the optical fiber is incident on the light-transmitting component 602 , and the light-transmitting component 602 conducts the laser light into the tissue of the detection object.
- the light-transmitting component 602 includes a casing, wherein the casing can form a hollow cylinder by itself, that is, the side wall of the casing itself is closed.
- the casing can also form a hollow cylinder together with the side wall of the ultrasonic transducer, that is, the side wall of the casing is not closed, and is connected to the side wall of the ultrasonic transducer at the Together they form a closed hollow cylinder.
- the inner wall of the hollow cylinder is coated with a light-reflecting material
- the laser light emitted from the light exit end of the optical fiber is incident on the hollow cylinder, and after being reflected in the hollow cylinder, it is emitted to the detection in the organization of the object.
- the hollow cylinder is jointly formed by the shell of the light-transmitting component and the side wall of the ultrasonic transducer
- the side wall of the super-energy transducer is also a part of the inner wall of the hollow cylinder, that is to say, the ultrasonic transducer
- the side wall of the energy device is also coated with a light-reflecting material.
- the light-transmitting component can be understood as a hollow cylinder coated with a light-reflecting material. , when the laser is irradiated to the inner wall of the hollow cylinder, the laser is continuously reflected, and finally exits from the front end of the ultrasonic transducer at a certain angle.
- the light-transmitting component may be a glass cylinder made of a light-transmitting material and disposed on the peripheral side of the ultrasonic transducer, and the rear end of the glass cylinder is provided with an optical fiber connection interface.
- the light-transmitting component includes a spot beam expanding structure, and after the laser emitted through the light exit end of the optical fiber is incident on the spot beam expanding structure, the expanded laser beam is emitted into the tissue of the detection object. , in order to expand the irradiation area of the laser irradiated on the detection target tissue.
- the spot beam expanding structure includes a first lens and a second lens, wherein the laser light emitted from the light exit end of the optical fiber first passes through the first lens and then passes through the second lens to form an expanded beam.
- the light beam that is, the first lens is located behind the second lens, and the first lens has a diverging effect, and the second lens has a converging effect to convert the diverging light passing through the first lens into parallel light.
- the first lens is a concave lens, and further, the first lens may be a plano-concave lens, and the concave surface of the plano-concave lens faces the rear end of the receiving structure;
- the second lens is a convex lens, further, the second lens
- the lens may be a plano-convex lens, and the convex surface of the plano-convex lens faces the front end of the receiving structure; and, in the embodiment of the present application, the focal points of the first lens and the second lens are coaxial, that is, the plano-concave lens and the plano-convex lens The focus is coaxial.
- the light-transmitting component may include a beam deflecting structure, and after the laser light emitted through the light exit end of the optical fiber is incident on the spot beam expanding structure, an expanded laser beam is formed. After the laser is incident on the beam deflection structure, it is emitted into the tissue of the detection object according to the preset deflection angle, so as to deflect the laser to the position in front of the ultrasonic probe, which can ensure that the laser irradiation area coincides with the detection area of the ultrasonic probe.
- the beam deflecting structure may be a mirror, and the light beam reflected by the reflecting surface of the mirror exits toward the front of the ultrasonic transducer.
- the beam deflecting structure may be a The incident direction of the reflective prism is perpendicular to the incident surface of the reflective prism, and the angle between the laser and the emitting surface of the reflective prism is an obtuse angle, so that the beam reflected by the reflective surface exits toward the front of the ultrasonic transducer, thereby ensuring that the laser The irradiation area coincides with the detection area of the ultrasonic probe.
- the light-transmitting component may include both a spot beam expanding structure and a beam deflecting structure, so that the irradiated area can be enlarged at the same time, and the laser irradiated area coincides with the detection area of the ultrasonic probe.
- the spot beam expanding structure/or the beam deflecting structure may be fixed in the hollow cylinder, that is to say, the light-transmitting component includes a hollow cylinder and a beam expanding structure. Beam structure/or beam deflection structure.
- the spot beam expanding structure and/or the beam deflecting structure can be accommodated in a hollow cylinder coated with a light reflective material, that is to say, the light-transmitting component includes a hollow cylinder coated with a light reflective material, and Including beam expanding structure and/or beam deflecting structure.
- the light-transmitting component includes a hollow cylinder coated with a light-reflecting material, a light spot beam expanding structure and a beam deflecting structure as an example.
- the laser When the laser is incident on the first lens of the spot beam expanding structure, a divergent beam with an angle expansion is emitted from the first lens, the divergent beam is then incident on the second lens of the spot beam expanding structure, and the expanded beam is emitted from the second lens.
- the parallel beam is incident on the beam deflection structure again, and the beam emitted by the beam deflection structure is incident on the tissue of the detection object according to the preset deflection angle. It will be reflected by the light reflective material on the inner wall of the hollow cylinder, and then reflected to the spot beam expansion structure and/or beam deflection structure, and finally incident into the tissue of the detection object, so as to fully utilize the laser energy.
- the photoacoustic imaging probe may include a plurality of the light-transmitting components, and the light beams emitted from the light beam deflection structures of the plurality of light-transmitting components are concentrated in front of the ultrasonic transducer At the same location, thereby achieving energy accumulation.
- the optical fiber connection interface 603 is a detachable interface
- the optical fiber connection interface is provided with a first connector
- the outlet end of the optical fiber is provided with a second connector
- the first connector is connected with the second connector
- the components can be detachably connected.
- the optical fiber connection interface 603 can be one of an SMA interface and an FC interface.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the composition and structure of the photoacoustic imaging probe provided by the embodiment of the present application.
- the photoacoustic imaging probe includes one input and two outputs.
- the optical fiber bundle 701, the pluggable interface 702, the sound head 703 and the lens group 704, the light exit port of the optical fiber bundle 701 is a circular light spot.
- the light outlet end of the optical fiber bundle 701 is connected to the ultrasonic transducer through a detachable interface, so it can be easily and quickly disassembled from the ultrasonic transducer head, thereby ensuring that the user can easily replace different probes.
- the lens group may include a spot beam expansion structure as shown in FIG. 8 , and the beam spot beam expansion structure may adopt a combination of a plano-concave cylindrical lens 801 and a plano-convex cylindrical lens 802 .
- the laser is emitted from the exit end of the optical fiber bundle 701
- a small circular light spot as shown in 901 in Fig. 9 will be formed without going through the spot beam expansion structure, and when the lens group includes the optical spot beam expansion structure, the laser light is emitted from the exit end of the optical fiber bundle 701.
- an oval long light spot as shown in 902 in FIG. 9 will be formed to match the size of the ultrasonic circulator.
- the light spot formed by the laser passing through the light-transmitting component is related to the shape and size of the cross-section of the ultrasonic transducer.
- a rectangular or elongated ultrasonic transducer selects a corresponding lens component to allow the laser to pass through.
- a rectangular or elongated light spot is formed after the corresponding lens assembly, and a corresponding light-transmitting assembly is selected for the linear array ultrasonic transducer, so that the laser passes through the corresponding lens assembly to form a point-shaped spot.
- the lens assembly can also include a beam deflection device.
- a mirror can be used, as shown in Figure 5.
- a deflection prism can also be used, as shown in FIG. 4 .
- the lens assembly may only include the spot beam expanding structure, or may include both the spot beam expanding structure and the beam deflecting structure.
- the optical fiber bundle 701 may be in the form of one in and two out as shown in FIG. 7 , or may be in the form of one in and one out.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the photoacoustic imaging system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- the photoacoustic imaging system includes: a laser emitting device 1001 , a
- the photoacoustic imaging probe 1002 the processor 1003 and the display device 1004 are provided, wherein:
- the laser emitting device 1001 is connected to the light entrance end of the optical fiber, the photoacoustic imaging probe 1002 is connected to the outlet end of the optical fiber, and the laser light emitted by the laser emitting device 1001 is transmitted to the photoacoustic through the optical fiber.
- the imaging probe 1002 is transmitted to the tissue of the detection object by the photoacoustic imaging probe 1002, and the photoacoustic imaging probe 1002 receives the photoacoustic signal generated by the tissue of the detection object in response to the laser and transmits it to the processor 1003;
- a processor 1003 configured to generate a photoacoustic image of the tissue of the detection object according to the photoacoustic signal
- the display device 1004 is used for displaying the photoacoustic image.
- optical fibers mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may be an optical fiber bundle composed of multiple optical fibers, or may be a single high-energy multimode optical fiber.
- the light outlet end of the optical fiber is detachably connected to the accommodating structure through the optical fiber connection interface, so that the probe can be conveniently replaced at the light outlet end of the optical fiber, without the need for an integrated
- the optical fiber is plugged and inserted at the laser end like a type composite probe, which improves the safety of the photoacoustic imaging probe.
- the light-transmitting component expands and/or deflects the laser light emitted from the light outlet end of the optical fiber, so that the size and angle of the laser light incident on the tissue of the test object meet clinical requirements.
- the light-transmitting components in the same photoacoustic imaging probe match the size and performance of the ultrasonic transducer. Therefore, when the ultrasonic probe needs to be replaced for photoacoustic inspection, there will be no split composite probe.
- the problem of incompatibility in size, the light-transmitting component in the photoacoustic imaging probe and the ultrasonic transducer in the embodiment of the present application are as a whole, and it is only necessary to replace the optical fiber connected to the optical fiber connection interface, which is connected to the optical fiber connection interface.
- the optical fiber can be a standard optical fiber, which realizes the adaptation of different probes and optical fibers.
- the photoacoustic imaging probe provided in the embodiment of the present application includes: an ultrasonic transducer, a light-transmitting component, and a accommodating structure, wherein: the light-transmitting component is arranged on the peripheral side of the ultrasonic transducer, and the accommodating structure at least uses to accommodate the ultrasonic transducer and the light-transmitting assembly; the rear end of the accommodating structure is provided with an optical fiber connection interface, and the light outlet end of the optical fiber is detachably connected to the optical fiber connection interface; through the light outlet of the optical fiber The laser light emitted from the end is incident on the light-transmitting component, and the light-transmitting component conducts the laser light to the front end of the accommodating structure and emits it into the tissue of the detection object.
- the detachable connection between the optical fiber bundle and the photoacoustic imaging probe is realized, and the convenience of replacing the photoacoustic imaging probe is improved.
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Abstract
本申请提供了一种光声成像探头及光声成像***;所述光声成像探头包括:超声换能器、透光组件和容纳结构,其中:所述透光组件设于所述超声换能器的周侧,所述容纳结构至少用于容纳所述超声换能器和所述透光组件;所述容纳结构的后端设置有光纤连接接口,光纤的出光口端与所述光纤连接接口可拆卸连接;通过所述光纤的出光口端射出的激光入射至所述透光组件,所述透光组件传导所述激光至所述容纳结构的前端并出射至检测对象的组织中。
Description
本发明涉及光声成像领域,涉及但不限于一种光声成像探头及光声成像***。
光声成像中的双模探头,也即兼具传统超声成像与光声成像两种模态的手持式阵列式探头,在实现时采用的方式都是在传统的超声阵列探头上耦合光纤,利用光纤将脉冲激光传导至超声探头的两侧对组织体进行照射。
临床上有用不同频率的探头进行光声成像的需求,满足不同使用场景、应用部位。如果双模探头做成一体式(光纤内置在探头外壳内,不可拆卸),会存在切换不同探头时需要在激光器端拔掉光纤,换成另外一把探头的光纤。考虑到安全、可操作性及经济性,此种设计不可取;如果双模探头做成分体式(采用夹子夹持光纤与探头耦合),切换探头需拆卸夹子,但是,由于不同探头尺寸、外观不同,很难做到一根光纤,适配所有的探头。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种光声成像探头及光声成像***,能够提高更换光声成像探头的便捷性。
本申请实施例的技术方案是这样实现的:
本申请实施例提供一种光声成像探头,该光声成像探头包括:超声换能器、透光组件和容纳结构,其中:
所述透光组件设于所述超声换能器的周侧,所述容纳结构至少用于容纳所述超声换能器和所述透光组件;
所述容纳结构的后端设置有光纤连接接口,光纤的出光口端与所述光纤连接接口可拆卸接口连接;
通过所述光纤的出光口端射出的激光入射至所述透光组件,所述透光组件传导所述激光至所述容纳结构的前端并出射至检测对象的组织中。
本申请实施例提供一种光声成像探头,该光声成像探头包括:超声换能器和透光组件,其中:
所述透光组件与所述换能器的周侧连接,透光组件的后端设置有光纤连接接口,所述光纤的出光口端通过所述光纤连接接口与所述透光组件连接;
通过所述光纤的出光口端射出的激光入射至所述透光组件,所述透光组件传导所述激光至检测对象的组织中。
本申请实施例提供一种光声成像***,该光声成像***包括:激光发射装置、上述的光声成像探头、处理器和显示装置,其中:
所述激光发射装置与光纤的入光口端连接,所述光声成像探头与所述光纤的出口端连接,所述激光发射装置发射的激光经所述光纤传输至所述光声成像探头,并由所述光声成像探头发射至检测对象的组织,所述光声成像探头接收所述检测对象的组织响应所述激光产生的光声信号并传输至所述处理器;
处理器,用于根据所述光声信号生成所述检测对象的组织的光声图像;
显示装置,用于显示所述光声图像。
本申请实施例提供一种光声成像探头及光声成像***,该光声成像探头包括:超声换能器、透光组件和容纳结构,其中:该透光组件设于所述超声换能器的周侧,所述容纳结构至少用于容纳所述超声换能器和所述透光组件;该容纳结构的后端设置有光纤连接接口,光纤的出光口端通过所述光纤连接接口与所述容纳结构连接,所述光纤连接接口为可拆卸接口; 通过所述光纤的出光口端射出的激光入射至所述透光组件,所述透光组件传导所述激光至所述容纳结构的前端并出射至检测对象的组织中。由于光纤的出光口端与光纤连接接口之间为可拆卸连接,因此在用户根据临床需要更换探头时,仅需解除光纤的出光口端和容纳结构上的光纤连接接口间的连接,而无需在激光器端操作光纤,从而提高更换探头的便捷性和安全性。
图1为相关技术中分体式复合探头的结构示意图;
图2为本申请实施例提供的光声成像探头的结构示意图;
图3为本申请实施例提供的光声成像探头的另一种结构示意图;
图4为本申请实施例提供的透光组件的一种结构示意图;
图5为本申请实施例提供的透光组件的另一种结构示意图;
图6为本申请实施例提供的光声成像探头的再一种结构示意图;
图7为本申请实施例提供的光声成像探头的组成结构示意图;
图8为本申请实施例提供的光斑扩束结构的结构示意图;
图9为光声成像探头设置光斑扩束结构前后的光斑对比图;
图10为本申请实施例提供的光声成像***的结构示意图。
为了使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合附图对本申请实施例进行描述,所描述的实施例不应视为对本申请的限制,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本申请保护的范围。
在以下的描述中,涉及到“一些实施例”,其描述了所有可能实施例的子集,但是可以理解,“一些实施例”可以是所有可能实施例的相同子集或 不同子集,并且可以在不冲突的情况下相互结合。
在以下的描述中,所涉及的术语“第一\第二\第三”仅仅是区别类似的对象,不代表针对对象的特定排序,可以理解地,“第一\第二\第三”在允许的情况下可以互换特定的顺序或先后次序,以使这里描述的本申请实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的以外的顺序实施。
空间关系术语例如“在……下”、“在……下面”、“下面的”、“在……之下”、“在……之上”、“上面的”等,在这里可为了方便描述而被使用从而描述图中所示的一个元件或特征与其它元件或特征的关系。应当明白,除了图中所示的取向以外,空间关系术语意图还包括使用和操作中的器件的不同取向。例如,如果附图中的器件翻转,然后,描述为“在其它元件下面”或“在其之下”或“在其下”元件或特征将取向为在其它元件或特征“上”。因此,示例性术语“在……下面”和“在……下”可包括上和下两个取向。器件可以另外地取向(旋转90度或其它取向)并且在此使用的空间描述语相应地被解释。
在本申请的上下文中,所描述的第一特征在第二特征之“上”的结构可以包括第一特征和第二特征形成为直接接触的实施例,也可以包括另外的特征形成在第一特征和第二特征之间的实施例,这样第一特征和第二特征可能不是直接接触。
除非另有定义,本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中所使用的术语只是为了描述本申请实施例的目的,不是旨在限制本申请。
为更好地理解本申请实施例,首先对相关技术中的光声成像探头和光声成像***进行说明。
光声成像探头即具传统超声成像与光声成像两种模态的手持式阵列式探头。该光声成像探头包括光纤束和超声探头,在实现时在传统的超声阵 列探头上耦合光纤束,利用光纤束将脉冲激光传导至声头的两侧对组织体进行照射。超声探头(也即超声换能器)具有发射和接收超声信号的功能,保证了传统的灰阶或者多普勒血流成像。该光声成像探头采用一分为二的光纤束进行激光的传导,将两束出射激光照射到组织的区域重合。该光声成像探头的设计在外观上与常规超声探头比较接近,方便临床使用,更容易被医生所接受。
相关技术中光声-超声双模态成像***包括激光器、光纤耦合器、光纤束、超声设备和超声探头,其中,激光器发射出的激光经光纤耦合器通过光纤束传导至超声探头的两侧,并照射到组织表面。
临床上有用不同频率的探头进行光声成像的需求,满足不同使用场景、应用部位。相关技术中一体式复合探头的超声探头和光纤束都集成在外壳中,也就是说光纤内置在探头外壳内,不可拆卸,那么在切换不同探头时需要在激光器端拔掉光纤束,换成另外一把探头的光纤束,由于从激光器端直接射出的激光能量在时间和空间上都高度集中,当人眼由于不小心直接面对从激光器出射的激光时,会对眼睛造成极大伤害,考虑到安全、可操作性及经济性,此种一体式复合探头的设计不可取。图1为相关技术中分体式复合探头的结构示意图,如图1所示,该分体式复合探头包括超声探头101、光纤束102和固定夹具103,固定夹具夹持光纤束102与超声探头101耦合,切换探头只用拆卸固定夹具103即可。但是,由于不同探头尺寸、外观不同,很难做到一根光纤束,适配所有的探头,普适性差。
基于相关技术中光声-超声复合探头存在的问题,本申请实施例提供一种光声成像探头,图2为本申请实施例提供的光声成像探头的结构示意图,如图2所示,该光声成像探头包括:超声换能器201、透光组件202和容纳结构203,其中:
所述透光组件202设于所述超声换能器201的周侧,所述容纳结构203 至少用于容纳所述超声换能器201和所述透光组件202;
在本申请实施例中,“前”是指靠近检测对象的方向,“后”是指远离检测对象的方向,例如超声换能器的前端是指超声换能器靠近检测对象的一端,超声换能器的后端是指超声换能器远离检测对象的一端;容纳结构的前端是指容纳结构靠近检测对象的一端,容纳结构的后端是指容纳结构远离检测对象的一端等等。
超声换能器201的周侧可以理解为是超声换能器的前端和与超声换能器的后端之间的侧面。该容纳结构203的形状可以是基于该光声成像探头的用途和便于握持性进行灵活设置,例如,容纳结构的形状可以是圆柱体或者多棱体、具有凸面的长方体等。
所述容纳结构203的后端设置有光纤连接接口204,光纤的出光口端与所述光纤连接接口204可拆卸连接。
在本申请实施例中,透光组件202可以是透明材质的圆柱体,该圆柱体与光纤连接接口同轴。
在其他实施例中,透光组件可以包括透镜组,与激光器连接的光纤的出光口端射出的激光可以照射至该透镜组,并经该透镜组传导后,从容纳结构的前端出射;透光组件还可以包括光纤,与激光器连接的光纤的出光口端射出的激光可以照射至该光纤,并经该光纤传导后,从容纳结构的前端出射,与激光器连接的光纤还可以与该透光结构包括的光纤通过光纤连接接口进行光纤的转接,以减少两段光纤间激光的耗损。
在实际实现时,光纤连接接口设置有第一连接件,所述光纤的出光口端设置有第二连接件,所述第一连接件与所述第二连接件可拆卸连接。
在一些实施例中,光纤连接接口为小型(Small A Type,SMA)接口和套圈连接器(Ferrule Connector,FC)接口的其中一种。
FC接口,是一种圆形带螺纹接口,外部加强方式是采用金属套,紧固 方式为螺丝扣,金属接头的可插拔次数比塑料要多。FC接口一般有一种形式,也即一端是“外螺纹+孔”,另一端为“内螺纹+针”,该光纤连接接口为FC接口时,可以是第一连接件为“外螺纹+孔”,第二连接件为“内螺纹+针”,也可以是第一连接件为“内螺纹+针”,第二连接件为“外螺纹+孔”,在本申请实施例中不做具体限定。
SMA接口有两种形式,标准的SMA是一端“外螺纹+孔”,另一端“内螺纹+针”;反极性RP-SMA是一端“外螺纹+针”,另一端为“内螺纹+孔”,在实际实现过程中,该光纤连接接口可以为标准SMA接口,也可以是反极性SMA接口,并且当该光纤连接接口为标准的SMA接口时,可以是第一连接件为“外螺纹+孔”,第二连接件为“内螺纹+针”,也可以是第一连接件为“内螺纹+针”,第二连接件为“外螺纹+孔”,当该光纤连接接口为反极性SMA接口时,可以是第一连接件为“外螺纹+针”,第二连接件为“内螺纹+孔”,也可以是第一连接件为“内螺纹+孔”,第二连接件为“外螺纹+针”,在本申请实施例中不做具体限定。。
在本申请实施例中,第一连接件和第二连接件之间为可拆卸连接,如此,在医务人员在对检测对象进行检测时,当由于检测部位不同而需要更换光声成像探头时,不管第二连接件连接的是何种型号的光纤束,或者不管第一连接件固定在何种类型、何种状态的光声成像探头上,只要第一连接件和第二连接件是适配的,通过该光纤连接接口将光纤束与当前光声成像探头分离,再将需要更换的光声成像探头连接即可完成光声成像探头的更换,从而实现光纤束出光口端方便、快速地与光声成像探头拆卸,能够保证用户可以方便地更换不同的探头。
同时,光纤的出光口端通过光纤连接接口与容纳结构可拆卸连接,使得在用户根据临床需要更换探头时,仅需解除光纤的出光口端和容纳结构上的光纤连接接口间的连接,而无需在激光器端操作光纤。在忘记关闭激 光器的意外条件下,在光纤连接接口处拆卸光纤的出光口端相比于直接在激光器端拔掉光纤,光纤出光口端的激光能量较小,出射的方位更易于控制,相比于直接在激光器端拔掉光纤更加安全。
在本申请实施例中,通过所述光纤的出光口端射出的激光入射至所述透光组件202,所述透光组件202传导所述激光至所述容纳结构204的前端并出射至检测对象的组织中,在本申请实施例中,透光组件202可以将光纤的出口端射出的激光进行偏转,以将激光偏转至超声换能器的前方。
在一些实施例中,如图3所示,该透光组件202包括光束偏转结构2021,通过所述光纤的出光口端射出的激光入射至所述光束偏转结构2021后,按照预设偏转角度出射至检测对象的组织中。
图4为本申请实施例提供的透光组件的一种结构示意图,图5为本申请实施例提供的透光组件的另一种结构示意图,在实际应用过程中,该光束偏转结构的实现方式可以包括但不限于如图4和图5所示的以下两种:
一、图4所示的反射棱镜211A,并且在图4中,该反射棱镜的反射面701与所述容纳结构的前端所在平面702之间的角度α
1为钝角,从而使得所述反射面反射出的激光朝向所述超声换能器的前方出射。
二、图5所示的反射镜211B,如图5所示,该反射镜211B与所述容纳结构的前端所在平面702之间的角度α
2为钝角,使得所述反射面反射出的激光朝向所述超声换能器的前方出射。
在实际实现时,反射棱镜或反射镜可以是设置于尺寸相适配的支撑结构上,该支撑结构还可以为容纳结构内部的支撑部,反射棱镜或反射镜固定于收容结构内部的支撑部上。
超声换能器的前方也即超声换能器靠近检测对象的方向,由于透光组件设于超声换能器的周侧,光束偏转结构可以实现将激光(也可以称为光 束)朝向靠近检测对象并偏向超声换能器的轴线方向出射,从而保证激光照射区域与超声探头检测区域相重合。当检测对象的生物组织受到激光照射时,生物组织中具有强光学吸收特性的物质(如血液)吸收光能量之后引起局部升温和热膨胀,产生超声波并向外传播,从而被超声换能器检测到。在本申请实施例中,激光是朝向超声换能器的前方出射,使得激光的照射位置与超声换能器的扫查位置基本重合,便于超声换能器接收生物组织在激光作用下产生的超声波。
在一些实施例中,透光组件202还可以将光纤的出口端射出的激光进行扩束,扩束也即为扩大输入光束的直径,使得输出更大直径的光束,通过该透光组件202可以扩大激光照射到检测对象组织上的照射面积。由于通过光纤出光口端射出的激光的直径较小,而通过透光组件对激光进行扩束,能够扩大激光光束的直径,从而保证光束的照射面积尽可能与超声换能器的尺寸匹配。
在通过透光组件实现对激光的扩束时,透光组件可以如图3所示包括光斑扩束结构2022,以使得通过所述光纤的出光口端射出的激光通过所述光斑扩束结构后,形成扩束后的光束。
在一些实施例中,如图3所示,光斑扩束结构2022包括第一透镜221和第二透镜222,其中,入射光斑扩束结构的激光先通过第一透镜221,再通过第二透镜222,形成扩束后的光束;也即第一透镜221位于第二透镜222的后方,并且第一透镜221具有发散作用,也即第一透镜221具有角放大特性;第二透镜222具有会聚作用,以将通过第一透镜的发散光转化为平行光。需要说明的是,这里的平行光并不要求是严格意义上的平行光,还可以指近似平行的平行光。
在实际实现时,第一透镜221可以为凹透镜,凹透镜又可以包括双凹透镜,平凹透镜,凸凹透镜,进一步地,在本申请实施例中,第一透镜221 可以为平凹透镜,也可以为平凹柱状透镜,且该平凹透镜的凹面朝向所述容纳结构的后端;第二透镜222可以为凸透镜,凸透镜又可以包括双凸透镜、平凸透镜和凹凸透镜,进一步地,在本申请实施例中,第二透镜222可以为平凸透镜,在还可以是平凸柱状透镜,且所述平凸透镜的凸面朝向所述容纳结构的前端;并且,在本申请实施例中,该第一透镜与第二透镜的焦点同轴,也即平凹透镜与平凸透镜的焦点同轴。
在实际实现时,第一透镜与第二透镜可以是设置于尺寸相适配的支撑结构上,例如,支撑结构可以为容纳结构内部的支撑部,第一透镜与第二透镜固定于收容结构内部的支撑部上;当第一透镜与第二透镜的横截面积为圆形时,该支撑结构可以是一个中空柱体,该第一透镜与第二透镜可以固定于该中空柱体中,该中空柱体收容于容纳结构中。并且第一透镜与第二透镜之间的距离可以是小于光声成像探头长度的三分之一,以保证光束偏转结构有足够的设置空间,在一些实施例中,当光声成像探头中未设置光束偏转结构时,第一透镜与第二透镜之间距离可以是小于光声成像探头长度的二分之一。在一些实施例中,第一透镜和第二透镜的距离还需要满足从第一透镜射出的激光经过第二透镜之后得到的出射光为平行光。
在一些实施例中,透光组件还可以是由对光学有高透射特性的材料制成的实体结构,例如可以是玻璃柱体,其中,光斑扩束结构和光束偏转结构可以为玻璃柱中镂空或填充不同折射率材料形成的光路结构,该镂空或填充不同折射率材料形成的光路结构可以使得入射该光路结构的激光产生折射或反射,从而达到激光光束扩束或激光光束偏转的作用。
需要说明的是,上述对第一透镜与第二透镜之间距离的描述仅为示例性的,在实际实现时,第一透镜与第二透镜之间的距离可以根据实际需求在合理范围内进行自由设置,在本申请实施例中不进行限定。
在实际应用中,第一透镜、第二透镜以及反射棱镜采用有机玻璃材料 制成,也可以是采用其他对光学和声学具有高透射特性的材料制成,如玻璃或石英等材料。
如图3所示,透光组件202可以包括光束偏转结构2021和光斑扩束结构2022;并且通过所述光纤的出光口端射出的激光入射至所述光斑扩束结构2022后,形成扩束后的激光出射,所述扩束后的激光入射至所述光束偏转结构2021后,按照预设偏转角度出射至检测对象的组织中,也就是说,在图3中光斑扩束结构2022位于光束偏转结构2021的后方。
以下以图3所示的光声成像探头,说明光声成像的实现过程。当激光出口端射出的激光入射至该图3所示的光声成像探头中后,激光入射至第一透镜221,从第一透镜221出射出经过角扩大的发散光束,发散光束再入射至第二透镜222,从第二透镜222出射出扩束后的平行光束,该平行光束再入射至光束偏转结构2021,该光束偏转结构2021出射的光束按照预设偏转角度入射到检测对象的组织中。
在一些实施例中,透光组件中的光斑扩束结构也可以位于光束偏转结构的前方,此时通过所述光纤的出光口端射出的激光入射至所述光束偏转结构后,形成按照预设角度偏转的激光,所述按照预设角度偏转的激光入射至所述光斑扩束结构后,形成扩束后的激光出射至检测对象的组织中。
激光从光纤的出光口端射入透光组件,经由透光组件的具体结构入射至检查对象的组织中,当检测对象的组织受到激光照射时,生物组织中具有强光学吸收特性的物质(如血液)吸收光能量之后引起局部升温和热膨胀,从而产生超声波(光声信号)并向外传播,从而被超声换能器检测到,超声换能器检测到的光声信号传输至光声成像***的处理器,处理器对接收到的光声信号进行处理,得到光声图像。
在图3所示的光声成像探头中,透光组件既包括光束偏转结构也包括光斑扩束结构,作为其他实现方式,透光组件可以仅包括光束偏转结构, 或者仅包括光斑扩束结构。
需要说明的是,本文所指的激光入射包括直接入射和间接入射,激光出射也包括直接出射和间接出射,例如当透光组件包括光束偏转结构时,通过光纤的出光口端射出的激光入射至光束偏转结构后,按照预设偏转角度出射至检测对象的组织中,其中光纤出光口端射出的激光可以直接入射至光束偏转结构,也可以经其他光学原件后入射至光束偏转结构;相类似的,激光按照预设偏转角度出射至检测对象的组织中,可以为激光从光束偏转结构出射后直接照射到检测对象的组织中,也可以为激光从光束偏转结构出射后,通过了其他光学元件后再照射到检测对象的组织中。
在本申请实施例中,所述光声成像探头包括多个所述透光组件,经由所述多个透光组件射出的激光集中于所述超声换能器的前方同一位置处,从而保证激光照射区域与超声探头检测区域相重合,且在该重合的区域实现激光能量聚集。在实现时,多个透光组件可以是互相独立的,例如,每个透镜组件中的透镜或反射镜是独立于另一个透镜组件的。每个透镜组合可以对应一个光纤连接接口,多个透光组件的中包括的光斑扩束结构和/或光束偏转结构可以是相同也可以是不同的。
在一些实施例中,所述光声成像探头也可以仅包括一个透光组件,该一个透光组件可以包括多个透镜组合,其中一个透镜组合中可以包括一个光斑扩束结构和/或一个光束偏转结构,不同透镜组合中包括的光斑扩束结构和/或光束偏转结构可以是相同也可以是不同的,例如,该一个透光组件可以是环绕超声换能器的圆环形玻璃柱,该玻璃柱中可以进一步地通过镂空和填充,设置多个透镜组合,每个透镜组合可以对应一个光纤连接接口。
本申请实施例再提供一种光声成像探头,图6为本申请实施例提供的光声成像探头的再一种结构示意图,如图6所示,该光声成像探头包括: 超声换能器601和透光组件602,其中:
透光组件602与所述换能器601的周侧连接,透光组件的后端设置有光纤连接接口603,所述光纤的出光口端通过所述光纤连接接口603与所述透光组件602连接;
通过所述光纤的出光口端射出的激光入射至所述透光组件602,所述透光组件602传导所述激光至检测对象的组织中。
在本申请实施例中,所述透光组件602包括壳体,其中,壳体可以是自身形成中空柱体,也就是说壳体本身的侧壁是闭合的。在一些实施例中,该壳体也可以是与所述超声换能器的侧壁共同形成中空柱体,也即该壳体的侧壁不是闭合的,与超声换能器的侧壁连接在一起才形成闭合的中空柱体。
在一些实施例中,该中空柱体的内壁涂覆有光反射材料,所述光纤的出光口端射出的激光入射至所述中空柱体,并在所述中空柱体内反射后,出射至检测对象的组织中。如果该中空柱体是由透光组件的壳体和超声换能器的侧壁共同形成的,此时超能换能器的侧壁也为中空柱体的内壁的一部分,也就是说超声换能器的侧壁上也涂覆有光反射材料,此时透光组件可以理解为是涂覆有光反射材料的中空柱体,当从激光出光口端射出的激光入射至该透光组件之后,当有激光照射至中空柱体的内壁时,激光发生连续反射,最终以一定的角度从超声换能器的前端出射出去。
在一些实施例中,该透光组件可以为透光材料制成的玻璃柱体并设置于超声换能器的周侧,该玻璃柱体的后端设置有光纤连接接口。
在一些实施例中,该透光组件包括光斑扩束结构,通过所述光纤的出光口端射出的激入射至所述光斑扩束结构后,形成扩束后的激光出射至检测对象的组织中,以扩大激光照射到检测对象组织上的照射面积。
在一些实施例中,所述光斑扩束结构包括第一透镜和第二透镜,其中, 所述光纤的出光口端射出的激光先通过第一透镜,再通过第二透镜,形成扩束后的光束,也即第一透镜位于第二透镜的后方,并且第一透镜具有发散作用,所述第二透镜具有会聚作用,以将通过第一透镜的发散光转化为平行光。
在实际实现时,第一透镜为凹透镜,进一步地,第一透镜可以为平凹透镜,且所述平凹透镜的凹面朝向所述容纳结构的后端;该第二透镜为凸透镜,进一步地,第二透镜可以为平凸透镜,且所述平凸透镜的凸面朝向所述容纳结构的前端;并且,在本申请实施例中,该第一透镜与第二透镜的焦点同轴,也即平凹透镜与平凸透镜的焦点同轴。
在一些实施例中,该透光组件可以包括光束偏转结构,通过所述光纤的出光口端射出的激光入射至所述光斑扩束结构后,形成扩束后的激光出射,所述扩束后的激光入射至所述光束偏转结构后,按照预设偏转角度出射至检测对象的组织中,以将激光偏转至超声探头前方的位置,能够保证激光照射区域与超声探头检测区域相重合。
在本申请实施例中,光束偏转结构可以为反射镜,且该反射镜的反射面反射出的光束朝向超声换能器的前方出射,在一些实施例中,光束偏转结构可以是反射棱镜,激光的入射方向与反射棱镜的入射面垂直,而激光与反射棱镜的出射面之间的角度为钝角,从而使得所述反射面反射出的光束朝向所述超声换能器的前方出射,从而保证激光照射区域与超声探头检测区域相重合。
在一些实施例中,该透光组件可以既包括光斑扩束结构又包括光束偏转结构,如此可以同时实现对照射面积的扩大,以及激光照射区域与超声探头检测区域相重合。
当透光组件包括光斑扩束结构和/或光束偏转结构时,光斑扩束结构/或光束偏转结构可以是固定于中空柱体中,也就是说透光组件包括中空柱 体,还包括光斑扩束结构/或光束偏转结构。
在一些实施例中,光斑扩束结构和/或光束偏转结构可以容纳于涂覆有光反射材料的中空柱体中,也就是说透光组件包括涂覆有光反射材料的中空柱体,还包括光斑扩束结构和/或光束偏转结构。以下以透光组件包括涂覆有光反射材料的中空柱体、光斑扩束结构和光束偏转结构为例,说明激光通过该光声成像探头的光路。当激光入射至光斑扩束结构的第一透镜,从第一透镜出射出经过角扩大的发散光束,发散光束再入射至光斑扩束结构的第二透镜,从第二透镜出射出扩束后的平行光束,该平行光束再入射至光束偏转结构,该光束偏转结构出射的光束按照预设偏转角度入射到检测对象的组织中,在此过程中,如果有激光照射至中空柱体内壁,那么激光会通过中空柱体内壁的光反射材料发生反射,从而再反射至光斑扩束结构和/或光束偏转结构,最终入射至检测对象的组织中,从而实现激光能量的充分利用。
在本申请实施例中,所述光声成像探头可以包括多个所述透光组件,从所述多个透光组件的多个光束偏转结构射出的光束集中于所述超声换能器的前方同一位置处,从而实现能量聚集。
在一些实施例中,该光纤连接接口603为可拆卸接口,该光纤连接接口设置有第一连接件,所述光纤的出口端设置有第二连接件,所述第一连接件与第二连接件可拆卸连接,在实际实现时,该光纤连接接口603可以是SMA接口和FC接口的其中一种。在医务人员在对检测对象进行检测时,当由于检测部位不同而需要更换光声成像探头时,通过该光纤连接接口将光纤束与当前光声成像探头分离,再将需要更换的光声成像探头连接即可完成光声成像探头的更换,从而实现光纤束出光口端方便、快速地与光声成像探头拆卸,能够保证用户可以方便地更换不同的探头。
本申请实施例再提供一种光声成像探头,图7为本申请实施例提供的光声成像探头的组成结构示意图,如图7所示,该光声成像探头包括一根一进二出的光纤束701、可插拔接口702、声头703和透镜组704,该光纤束701出光口为圆形光斑。在本申请实施例中,光纤束701出光口端通过可拆卸接口与超声换能器连接,因此可以方便、快速地与超声换能器头拆装,从而能够保证用户方便地更换不同的探头。
在本申请实施例中,为保证光斑的照射面积尽可能地与声头的尺寸匹配,需要在探头内部增加扩束光路。在实际实现时,透镜组中可以包括如图8所述的光斑扩束结构,该光斑扩束结构可以采用平凹柱状透镜801加上平凸柱状透镜802的组合方式。当激光从光纤束701出口端射出不经过光斑扩束结构会形成如图9中901所示的圆形小光斑,而当透镜组中包括光斑扩束结构时,激光从光纤束701出口端射出经过光斑扩束结构后会形成如图9中902所示的椭圆形长光斑,以匹配超声环能器的尺寸。在本申请实施例中,激光通过透光组件形成的光斑与超声换能器的横截面的形状和尺寸是相关的,例如矩形或长条形的超声换能器选用对应的透镜组件使得激光通过对应的透镜组件后形成矩形或长条形的光斑,线阵超声换能器选用对应的透光组件,使得激光通过对应的透镜组件后形成点状光斑。
同时,为了保证声头正下方的光场能量最强,光束需要沿一定的偏转角度入射,因此,透镜组件还可以包括光束偏转装置,在实现时,可以采用反射镜的方式,如图5所示,也可以采用偏转棱镜的方式,如图4所示。
在一些实施例中,透镜组件可以仅包括光斑扩束结构,也可以同时包括光斑扩束结构和光束偏转结构。另外光纤束701可以是如图7所示为一进二出的形式,还可以是一进一出的形式。
本申请实施例再提供一种光声成像***,图10为本申请实施例提供的光声成像***的结构示意图,如图10所示,该光声成像***包括:激光发 射装置1001、上述实施例提供的光声成像探头1002、处理器1003和显示装置1004,其中:
所述激光发射装置1001与光纤的入光口端连接,所述光声成像探头1002与所述光纤的出口端连接,所述激光发射装置1001发射的激光经所述光纤传输至所述光声成像探头1002,并由所述光声成像探头1002发射至检测对象的组织,所述光声成像探头1002接收所述检测对象的组织响应所述激光产生的光声信号并传输至所述处理器1003;
处理器1003,用于根据所述光声信号生成所述检测对象的组织的光声图像;
显示装置1004,用于显示所述光声图像。
需要说明的是,本申请实施例提及的光纤,可以是多根光纤组成的光纤束,还可以是单根高能多模光纤。
本申请的光声成像探头及光声成像***的实施例中,光纤的出光口端通过光纤连接接口与容纳结构可拆卸连接,可以实现在光纤的出光口端便捷地更换探头,而无需如同一体式复合探头那样在激光器端拔插光纤,提高了光声成像探头适用的安全性。进一步地,透光组件通过对光纤出光口端射出的激光进行扩束和/或偏转,使得入射至检测对象的组织中的激光的尺寸和角度符合临床需求。同一光声成像探头中的透光组件与超声换能器的尺寸和性能相匹配,因此,需要更换超声探头进行光声检查时,不会出现分体式复合探头情况下,更换的超声探头与光纤尺寸不适配的问题,本申请实施例中光声成像探头中的透光组件与超声换能器作为一个整体,仅需更换与光纤连接接口连接的光纤即可,该与光纤连接接口连接的光纤可以为标准光纤,实现了不同探头和光纤的适配。
应理解,说明书通篇中提到的“一个实施例”或“一实施例”意味着 与实施例有关的特定特征、结构或特性包括在本申请的至少一个实施例中。因此,在整个说明书各处出现的“在一个实施例中”或“在一实施例中”未必一定指相同的实施例。此外,这些特定的特征、结构或特性可以任意适合的方式结合在一个或多个实施例中。应理解,在本申请的各种实施例中,上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后,各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定,而不应对本申请实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。上述本申请实施例序号仅仅为了描述,不代表实施例的优劣。
需要说明的是,在本文中,术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含,从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置不仅包括那些要素,而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素,或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者装置所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下,由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素,并不排除在包括该要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置中还存在另外的相同要素。
以上所述,仅为本申请的实施方式,但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到变化或替换,都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此,本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。
本申请实施例提供的光声成像探头,包括:超声换能器、透光组件和容纳结构,其中:所述透光组件设于所述超声换能器的周侧,所述容纳结构至少用于容纳所述超声换能器和所述透光组件;所述容纳结构的后端设置有光纤连接接口,光纤的出光口端与所述光纤连接接口可拆卸连接;通过所述光纤的出光口端射出的激光入射至所述透光组件,所述透光组件传导所述激光至所述容纳结构的前端并出射至检测对象的组织中。通过本申 请,实现光纤束与光声成像探头的可拆卸连接,提高更换光声成像探头的便捷性。
Claims (26)
- 一种光声成像探头,其特征在于,所述光声成像探头包括:超声换能器、透光组件和容纳结构,其中:所述透光组件设于所述超声换能器的周侧,所述容纳结构至少用于容纳所述超声换能器和所述透光组件;所述容纳结构的后端设置有光纤连接接口,光纤的出光口端与所述光纤连接接口可拆卸连接;通过所述光纤的出光口端射出的激光入射至所述透光组件,所述透光组件传导所述激光至所述容纳结构的前端并出射至检测对象的组织中。
- 根据权利要求1中所述的光声成像探头,其特征在于,所述透光组件包括光束偏转结构,通过所述光纤的出光口端射出的激光入射至所述光束偏转结构后,按照预设偏转角度出射至检测对象的组织中。
- 根据权利要求1中所述的光声成像探头,其特征在于,所述透光组件包括光斑扩束结构,通过所述光纤的出光口端射出的激光入射至所述光斑扩束结构后,形成扩束后的激光出射至检测对象的组织中。
- 根据权利要求1中所述的光声成像探头,其特征在于,所述透光组件包括光束偏转结构和光斑扩束结构;通过所述光纤的出光口端射出的激光入射至所述光斑扩束结构后,形成扩束后的激光出射,所述扩束后的激光入射至所述光束偏转结构后,按照预设偏转角度出射至检测对象的组织中;或,通过所述光纤的出光口端射出的激光入射至所述光束偏转结构后,形成按照预设角度偏转的激光,所述按照预设角度偏转的激光入射至所述光斑扩束结构后,形成扩束后的激光出射至检测对象的组织中。
- 根据权利要求3或4中所述的光声成像探头,其特征在于,所述光 斑扩束结构包括第一透镜和第二透镜,其中,入射所述光斑扩束结构的激光先通过第一透镜,再通过第二透镜,形成扩束后的激光;所述第一透镜具有发散作用,所述第二透镜具有会聚作用,以将通过第一透镜的发散光转化为平行光。
- 根据权利要求5中所述的光声成像探头,其特征在于,所述第一透镜为凹透镜,所述第二透镜为凸透镜。
- 根据权利要求6中所述的光声成像探头,其特征在于,所述第一透镜为平凹透镜,且所述平凹透镜的凹面朝向所述容纳结构的后端;所述第二透镜为平凸透镜,且所述平凸透镜的凸面朝向所述容纳结构的前端;所述平凹透镜与所述平凸透镜的焦点同轴。
- 根据权利要求2或4中所述的光声成像探头,其特征在于,所述光束偏转结构包括:反射棱镜或反射镜,所述反射棱镜或反射镜的反射面与所述容纳结构的前端所在平面之间的角度为钝角,使得所述反射面反射出的激光朝向所述超声换能器的前方出射。
- 根据权利要求1至8中任意一项所述的光声成像探头,其特征在于,所述光声成像探头包括多个所述透光组件,经由所述多个透光组件射出的激光集中于所述超声换能器的前方同一位置处。
- 根据权利要求1至9中任意一项所述的光声成像探头,其特征在于,所述光纤连接接口设置有第一连接件,所述光纤的出光口端设置有第二连接件,所述第一连接件与所述第二连接件可拆卸连接。
- 根据权利要求1所述的光声成像探头,其特征在于,所述透光组件包括透镜组。
- 根据权利要求1所述的光声成像探头,其特征在于,所述透光组件包括光纤。
- 根据权利要求10所述的光声成像探头,其特征在于,所述光纤连接接口为SMA接口和FC接口的其中一种。
- 一种光声成像探头,其特征在于,所述光声成像探头包括:超声换能器和透光组件,其中:所述透光组件与所述超声换能器的周侧连接,透光组件的后端设置有光纤连接接口,所述光纤的出光口端通过所述光纤连接接口与所述透光组件连接;通过所述光纤的出光口端射出的激光入射至所述透光组件,所述透光组件传导所述激光至检测对象的组织中。
- 根据权利要求14中所述的光声成像探头,其特征在于,所述光纤连接接口为可拆卸接口。
- 根据权利要求14中所述的光声成像探头,其特征在于,所述透光组件包括壳体,所述壳体自身形成中空柱体,或者所述壳体与所述换能器的侧壁共同形成中空柱体,所述中空柱体的内壁涂覆有光反射材料,所述光纤的出光口端射出的激光入射至所述中空柱体,并在所述中空柱体内反射后,出射至检测对象的组织中。
- 根据权利要求14至16任一项所述的光声成像探头,其特征在于,所述透光组件包括光斑扩束结构,通过所述光纤的出光口端射出的激光入射至所述光斑扩束结构后,形成扩束后的激光出射至检测对象的组织中。
- 根据权利要求17中的所述的光声成像探头,其特征在于,所述透光组件还包括光束偏转结构,通过所述光纤的出光口端射出的激光入射至所述光斑扩束结构后,形成扩束后的激光出射,所述扩束后的激光入射至所述光束偏转结构后,按照预设偏转角度出射至检测对象的组织中。
- 根据权利要求17中所述的光声成像探头,其特征在于,所述光斑扩束结构包括第一透镜和第二透镜,其中,所述光纤的出光口端射出的激 光先通过第一透镜,再通过第二透镜,形成扩束后的激光;所述第一透镜具有发散作用,所述第二透镜具有会聚作用,以将通过第一透镜的发散光转化为平行光。
- 根据权利要求19中所述的光声成像探头,其特征在于,所述第一透镜为凹透镜,所述第二透镜为凸透镜。
- 根据权利要求20中所述的光声成像探头,其特征在于,所述第一透镜为平凹透镜,且所述平凹透镜的凹面朝向所述容纳结构的后端;所述第二透镜为平凸透镜,且所述平凸透镜的凸面朝向所述容纳结构的前端;所述平凹透镜与所述平凸透镜的焦点同轴。
- 根据权利要求18中所述的光声成像探头,其特征在于,所述光束偏转结构为:反射棱镜或反射镜。
- 根据权利要求14至22任一项中所述的光声成像探头,其特征在于,所述光声成像探头包括多个所述透光组件,从所述透光组件的多个光束偏转结构射出的激光集中于所述超声换能器的前方同一位置处。
- 根据权利要求14至22任一项中所述的光声成像探头,其特征在于,所述光纤连接接口设置有第一连接件,所述光纤的出光口端设置有第二连接件,所述第一连接件与所述第二连接件可拆卸连接。
- 根据权利要求24所述的光声成像探头,其特征在于,所述光纤连接接口为SMA接口和FC接口的其中一种。
- 一种光声成像***,其特征在于,所述光声成像***包括:激光发射装置、权利要求1至13任一项或者权利要求14至25任一项所述的光声成像探头、处理器和显示装置,其中:所述激光发射装置与光纤的入光口端连接,所述光声成像探头与所述光纤的出口端连接,所述激光发射装置发射的激光经所述光纤传输至所述 光声成像探头,并由所述光声成像探头发射至检测对象的组织,所述光声成像探头接收所述检测对象的组织响应所述激光产生的光声信号并传输至所述处理器;处理器,用于根据所述光声信号生成所述检测对象的组织的光声图像;显示装置,用于显示所述光声图像。
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