WO2022138146A1 - インサートおよび切削工具 - Google Patents
インサートおよび切削工具 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022138146A1 WO2022138146A1 PCT/JP2021/044996 JP2021044996W WO2022138146A1 WO 2022138146 A1 WO2022138146 A1 WO 2022138146A1 JP 2021044996 W JP2021044996 W JP 2021044996W WO 2022138146 A1 WO2022138146 A1 WO 2022138146A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- boron nitride
- insert
- layer
- metal
- sintered body
- Prior art date
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims description 29
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 161
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 154
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 140
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 128
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 124
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 65
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000599 Cr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- QQHSIRTYSFLSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynechromium Chemical compound [Al].[Cr] QQHSIRTYSFLSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910017150 AlTi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000883 Ti6Al4V Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007733 ion plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 nitride boron nitride Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003826 uniaxial pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
- B23B27/18—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material with cutting bits or tips or cutting inserts rigidly mounted, e.g. by brazing
- B23B27/20—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material with cutting bits or tips or cutting inserts rigidly mounted, e.g. by brazing with diamond bits or cutting inserts
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
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- C04B35/645—Pressure sintering
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
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- C04B35/58—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides
- C04B35/583—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on boron nitride
- C04B35/5831—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on boron nitride based on cubic boron nitrides or Wurtzitic boron nitrides, including crystal structure transformation of powder
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5053—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials non-oxide ceramics
- C04B41/5062—Borides, Nitrides or Silicides
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/52—Multiple coating or impregnating multiple coating or impregnating with the same composition or with compositions only differing in the concentration of the constituents, is classified as single coating or impregnation
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/89—Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions
- C04B41/90—Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2226/00—Materials of tools or workpieces not comprising a metal
- B23B2226/12—Boron nitride
- B23B2226/125—Boron nitride cubic [CBN]
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- C04B2235/3852—Nitrides, e.g. oxynitrides, carbonitrides, oxycarbonitrides, lithium nitride, magnesium nitride
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- C04B2235/52—Constituents or additives characterised by their shapes
- C04B2235/5292—Flakes, platelets or plates
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- C04B2235/5436—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof micrometer sized, i.e. from 1 to 100 micron
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- C04B2235/787—Oriented grains
Definitions
- This disclosure relates to inserts and cutting tools.
- Boron nitride sintered body has high hardness. Taking advantage of its characteristics, boron nitride sintered bodies are used for crushing members, tool inserts, and the like.
- Patent Document 1 describes a boron nitride sintered body containing cubic boron nitride. Further, Patent Document 1 contains Wurtz-type boron nitride and X-ray diffraction of the (220) plane of cubic boron nitride with respect to the X-ray diffraction intensity I (111) of the (111) plane of cubic boron nitride. A cubic boron nitride composite polycrystal having an orientation plane having an intensity I (220) ratio of I (220) / I (111) of less than 0.1 has been described.
- I (111) is more than 10 times that of I (220) in the orientation plane in this cubic boron nitride composite polycrystal. That is, it can be said that the (111) plane is strongly oriented in the orientation plane.
- This cubic boron nitride composite polycrystal is obtained by using an oriented pBN as a raw material.
- hexagonal boron nitride is contained as a comparative example, the amount of wear is large and the performance as a cutting tool is inferior even if the (111) plane is strongly oriented in the orientation plane of the cubic boron nitride. Is described.
- An insert according to one aspect of the present disclosure comprises a boron nitride sintered body having a first surface, a second surface, and a cutting edge located at least part of the ridge of the first and second surfaces. ..
- the boron nitride sintered body contains cubic boron nitride and compression-type boron nitride.
- the X-ray intensity at the peak of the 111 diffraction peak of cubic boron nitride in the direction perpendicular to the first plane is IcBN (111).
- the X-ray intensity at the peak of the 002 diffraction peak of the compressed boron nitride is IhBN (002) v
- the X-ray at the peak of the 111 diffraction of cubic boron nitride in the direction parallel to the first plane is IcBN (111) h
- the X-ray intensity at the peak of the 002 diffraction peak of the compressed boron nitride is IhBN (002) h.
- the compressed boron nitride content value represented by (IhBN (002) v + IhBN (002) h) / (IcBN (111) v + IcBN (111) h) is larger than 0.002 and smaller than 0.01.
- the cubic orientation value represented by IcBN (111) v / (IcBN (111) v + IcBN (111) h) is larger than 0.5.
- the compressed boron nitride orientation value represented by IhBN (002) v / (IhBNv (002) + IhBN (002) h) is larger than the cubic orientation value.
- the insert according to one aspect of the present disclosure has a coating layer on at least a part of the surface of the boron nitride sintered body.
- the cutting tool includes a holder having a length extending from the first end to the second end and having a pocket on the first end side, and the above-mentioned insert located in the pocket.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of the insert of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing another example of the insert of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the configuration of the coating layer of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic enlarged view of the H portion shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the cutting tool of the present disclosure.
- the embodiment a mode for carrying out the insert and the cutting tool according to the present disclosure (hereinafter referred to as “the embodiment”) will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
- the present disclosure is not limited to this embodiment.
- each embodiment can be appropriately combined as long as the processing contents do not contradict each other.
- the same parts are designated by the same reference numerals, and duplicate explanations are omitted.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of the insert 1 of the present disclosure.
- the insert 1 is a polygonal boron nitride sintered body 3.
- FIG. 2 shows another example of the insert 1 of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 2 shows an example in which the boron nitride sintered body 3 is bonded to a substrate 5 made of, for example, a cemented carbide.
- the substrate 5 is a polygonal insert together with the boron nitride sintered body 3.
- the boron nitride sintered body 3 is located in one of the plurality of corner portions of the insert 1. Not limited to this, the boron nitride sintered body 3 may be located in two or more of the plurality of corner portions of the insert 1.
- a bonding material (not shown) containing Ti or Ag may be located between the boron nitride sintered body 3 and the substrate 5.
- the boron nitride sintered body 3 and the substrate 5 can be integrated via a joining material by using a conventionally known joining method.
- the boron nitride sintered body 3 has a first surface 7 and a second surface 9.
- the first surface 7 is the upper surface of the insert 1
- the second surface is the side surface of the insert 1.
- the first surface 7 corresponds to a rake surface
- the second surface 9 corresponds to a flank surface.
- the first surface 7 may be referred to as a rake surface 7.
- the second surface 9 may be referred to as an escape surface 9.
- the insert 1 has a cutting edge 13 at least a part of the ridge portion of the first surface 7 and the second surface 9.
- the boron nitride sintered body 3 in the insert 1 of the present disclosure contains cubic boron nitride and compression-type boron nitride.
- the X-ray intensity of is IcBN (111) h.
- the X-ray intensity of 002 diffraction of the compressed boron nitride in the direction parallel to the first surface 7 is IhBN (002) h.
- JCPDS Card No. For the above-mentioned identification of each surface, for cubic boron nitride, the JCPDS card No. It was based on 01-075-6381.
- compressed boron nitride refer to JCPDS Card No. It was based on 18-251.
- hexagonal boron nitride refer to JCPDS Card No. It was based on 00-045-0893.
- Woltz-type boron nitride which will be described later, refer to JCPDS Card No. It was based on 00-049-1327.
- Transmission type X-ray diffraction may be performed using, for example, a curved IPX-ray diffractometer RINTRAPID2 manufactured by Rigaku Co., Ltd.
- the compression-type boron nitride content value is an index related to the amount of compression-type boron nitride contained in the boron nitride sintered body 3. The larger this value, the larger the amount of compressed boron nitride contained in the boron nitride sintered body 3.
- the compressed boron nitride content value is not the content itself.
- the boron nitride sintered body 3 in the insert 1 of the present disclosure has a compressed boron nitride content value of more than 0.002 and less than 0.01. That is, the boron nitride sintered body 3 in the insert 1 of the present disclosure contains compression-type boron nitride to such an extent that this condition is satisfied.
- IcBN (111) v / (IcBN (111) v + IcBN (111) h) obtained based on each of the above X-ray intensities is referred to as a cubic crystal orientation value.
- the cubic orientation value is 0.5, the 111 planes of cubic boron nitride are oriented in random directions and are in an unoriented state.
- the larger the cubic orientation value the greater the degree to which the 111 planes of cubic boron nitride contained in the boron nitride sintered body 3 are oriented in parallel with the first plane 7.
- the boron nitride sintered body 3 in the insert 1 of the present disclosure has a cubic crystal orientation value larger than 0.5.
- the X-ray intensity at the apex of the 111 diffraction peak of cubic boron nitride in the vertical direction is greater than the X-ray intensity at the apex of the 111 diffraction peak of cubic boron nitride in the parallel direction. That is, it can be said that the 111 planes of cubic boron nitride are oriented along the normal direction of the first plane 7.
- IhBN (002) v / (IhBN (002) v + IhBN (002) h) obtained based on each of the above X-ray intensities is referred to as a compression type boron nitride orientation value.
- the compression type boron nitride orientation value is 0.5
- the 002 plane of the compression type boron nitride faces in a random direction and is in a non-oriented state.
- the larger the compression-type boron nitride orientation value the greater the degree to which the 002 plane of the compression-type boron nitride contained in the nitride boron nitride sintered body 3 is oriented in parallel with the first plane 7.
- the compression type boron nitride orientation value is larger than the cubic crystal orientation value. That is, the 002 plane of the compressed boron nitride has a greater degree of orientation parallel to the first plane 7 than the 111 plane of the cubic boron nitride.
- the insert 1 of the present disclosure has excellent wear resistance due to having the above-mentioned configuration. This effect is due to the fact that the insert 1 of the present disclosure contains a small amount of compression-type boron nitride, and moreover, the 002 surface of the compression-type boron nitride is oriented in a large amount on the first surface, so that the cover is welded to the first surface. It is presumed that this is due to the shavings being peeled off together with the compressed boron nitride.
- the boron nitride sintered body 3 in the insert 1 of the present disclosure may have a compression type boron nitride content value of 0.004 or more and 0.008 or less. With such a configuration, the hardness of the insert 1 is high.
- the boron nitride sintered body 3 in the insert 1 of the present disclosure may have a cubic crystal orientation value of 0.55 or more. With such a configuration, the hardness of the rake face 7 is high.
- the boron nitride sintered body 3 in the insert 1 of the present disclosure may have a compression type boron nitride orientation value of 0.8 or more. With such a configuration, the life of the insert 1 is long.
- the boron nitride sintered body 3 may contain a wurtz type boron nitride.
- the boron nitride sintered body 3 having such a structure has a high hardness.
- the average particle size of cubic boron nitride may be 200 nm or less. With such a configuration, the strength of the insert 1 is high.
- the average particle size of cubic boron nitride may be 100 nm or less.
- the insert 1 of the present disclosure may have a hard coating layer (not shown) on the surface of the boron nitride sintered body 3.
- the insert 1 of the present disclosure may have a coating layer.
- the coating layer is coated on the boron nitride sintered body 3, for example, for the purpose of improving the wear resistance, heat resistance, etc. of the boron nitride sintered body 3.
- the coating layer may be coated on the boron nitride sintered body 3 and the substrate 5.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the configuration of the coating layer of the present disclosure.
- the insert 1 has a coating layer 20.
- the thickness of the coating layer 20 may be, for example, 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 5.0 ⁇ m or less.
- the coating layer 20 has a hard layer 21.
- the hard layer 21 is a layer having excellent wear resistance as compared with the metal layer 22 described later.
- the hard layer 21 has one or more metal nitride layers.
- the hard layer 21 may be one layer. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of metal nitride layers may be overlapped with each other. Further, the hard layer 21 may have a laminated portion 23 in which a plurality of metal nitride layers are laminated, and a third metal nitride layer 24 located on the laminated portion 23. The configuration of the hard layer 21 will be described later.
- the coating layer 20 has a metal layer 22.
- the metal layer 22 is located between the boron nitride sintered body 3 and the hard layer 21. Specifically, the metal layer 22 is in contact with the upper surface of the boron nitride sintered body 3 on the first surface (here, the lower surface), and the second surface (here, the upper surface) located on the opposite side of the first surface. In contact with the lower surface of the hard layer 21.
- the metal layer 22 has higher adhesion to the boron nitride sintered body 3 than the hard layer 21.
- the metal element having such characteristics include Zr, V, Cr, W, Al, Si, and Y.
- the metal layer 22 contains at least one metal element among the above metal elements.
- the simple substance of Ti, the simple substance of Zr, the simple substance of V, the simple substance of Cr, and the simple substance of Al are not used as the metal layer 22. This is because all of these have a low melting point and low oxidation resistance, and are therefore unsuitable for use in cutting tools. Further, the simple substance of Hf, the simple substance of Nb, the simple substance of Ta, and the simple substance of Mo have low adhesion to the boron nitride sintered body 3. However, this does not apply to alloys containing Ti, Zr, V, Cr, Ta, Nb, Hf, and Al.
- the metal layer 22 may be an Al—Cr alloy layer containing an Al—Cr alloy. Since the metal layer 22 has particularly high adhesion to the boron nitride sintered body 3, the effect of improving the adhesion between the boron nitride sintered body 3 and the coating layer 20 is high.
- the Al content in the metal layer 22 may be higher than the Cr content in the metal layer 22.
- the composition ratio (atomic%) of Al and Cr in the metal layer 22 may be 70:30. With such a composition ratio, the adhesion between the boron nitride sintered body 3 and the metal layer 22 is higher.
- the metal layer 22 may contain components other than the above metal elements (Zr, V, Cr, W, Al, Si, Y). However, from the viewpoint of adhesion to the boron nitride sintered body 3, the metal layer 22 may contain at least 95 atomic% or more of the above metal elements in a total amount. More preferably, the metal layer 22 may contain the above metal elements in a total amount of 98 atomic% or more. For example, when the metal layer 22 is an Al—Cr alloy layer, the metal layer 22 may contain at least 95 atomic% or more of Al and Cr in total. Further, the metal layer 22 may contain at least 98 atomic% or more in total of Al and Cr. The ratio of the metal component in the metal layer 22 can be specified by analysis using, for example, an EDS (energy dispersive X-ray spectroscope).
- EDS energy dispersive X-ray spectroscope
- the metal layer 22 does not contain Ti as much as possible from the viewpoint of improving the adhesion with the boron nitride sintered body 3.
- the Ti content in the metal layer 22 may be 15 atomic% or less.
- the metal layer 22 having a higher wettability with the boron nitride sintered body 3 than the hard layer 21 is provided between the boron nitride sintered body 3 and the hard layer 21.
- the adhesion between the boron nitride sintered body 3 and the coating layer 20 can be improved. Since the metal layer 22 has high adhesion to the hard layer 21, it is unlikely that the hard layer 21 will peel off from the metal layer 22.
- the boron nitride sintered body 3 is an insulator. There was room for improvement in the adhesion of the boron nitride sintered body 3, which is an insulator, to the film formed by the PVD method (physical vapor deposition). On the other hand, in the insert 1 of the present disclosure, since the conductive metal layer 22 is located on the surface of the boron nitride sintered body 3, the adhesion between the hard layer 21 formed by the PVD method and the metal layer 22 is high. high.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic enlarged view of the H portion shown in FIG.
- the hard layer 21 has a laminated portion 23 located on the metal layer 22 and a third metal nitride layer 24 located on the laminated portion 23.
- the laminated portion 23 has a plurality of first metal nitride layers 23a and a plurality of second metal nitride layers 23b.
- the laminated portion 23 has a structure in which the first metal nitride layer 23a and the second metal nitride layer 23b are alternately laminated.
- the thickness of the first metal nitride layer 23a and the second metal nitride layer 23b may be 10 nm or more and 50 nm or less, respectively.
- the first metal nitride layer 23a is a layer in contact with the metal layer 22, and the second metal nitride layer 23b is formed on the first metal nitride layer 23a.
- the first metal nitride layer 23a and the second metal nitride layer 23b may contain the metal contained in the metal layer 22.
- the metal layer 22 contains two types of metals (here, "first metal” and "second metal”).
- the first metal nitride layer 23a contains a first metal and a third metal nitride.
- the third metal is a metal that is not contained in the metal layer 22.
- the second metal nitride layer 23b contains a first metal and a second metal nitride.
- the metal layer 22 may contain Al and Cr.
- the first metal nitride layer 23a may contain Al.
- the first metal nitride layer 23a may be an AlTiN layer containing AlTiN, which is a nitride of Al and Ti.
- the second metal nitride layer 23b may be an AlCrN layer containing AlCrN which is a nitride of Al and Cr.
- the adhesion between the metal layer 22 and the hard layer 21 is high. This makes it difficult for the hard layer 21 to peel off from the metal layer 22, so that the coating layer 20 has high durability.
- the first metal nitride layer 23a that is, the AlTiN layer is excellent in, for example, wear resistance in addition to the adhesion with the metal layer 22 described above.
- the second metal nitride layer 23b that is, the AlCrN layer is excellent in heat resistance and oxidation resistance, for example.
- the coating layer 20 includes the first metal nitride layer 23a and the second metal nitride layer 23b having different compositions from each other, thereby controlling the properties such as wear resistance and heat resistance of the hard layer 21. Can be done. As a result, the tool life of the insert 1 can be extended.
- the hard layer 21 according to the embodiment it is possible to improve mechanical properties such as adhesion to the metal layer 22 and wear resistance while maintaining the excellent heat resistance of AlCrN.
- the coating layer 20 may be laminated with a plurality of layers (first metal nitride layer 23a and second metal nitride layer 23b) having a thickness of 10 nm or more and 50 nm or less per layer. ..
- the laminated portion 23 may be formed into a film by, for example, an arc ion plating method (AIP method).
- AIP method uses an arc discharge in a vacuum atmosphere to evaporate the target metal (here, the AlTi target and the AlCr target) and combine it with the N2 gas to form a metal nitride (here, AlTiN and AlCrN). It is a method of filming.
- the metal layer 22 may also be formed by the AIP method.
- the third metal nitride layer 24 may be located on the laminated portion 23. Specifically, the third metal nitride layer 24 is in contact with the second metal nitride layer 23b of the laminated portion 23.
- the third metal nitride layer 24 is, for example, a metal nitride layer (AlTiN layer) containing Ti and Al, like the first metal nitride layer 23a.
- the thickness of the third metal nitride layer 24 may be thicker than the thickness of each of the first metal nitride layer 23a and the second metal nitride layer 23b. Specifically, when the thickness of the first metal nitride layer 23a and the second metal nitride layer 23b is 50 nm or less as described above, the thickness of the third metal nitride layer 24 may be 1 ⁇ m or more. For example, the thickness of the third metal nitride layer 24 may be 1.2 ⁇ m.
- the welding resistance of the insert 1 can be improved.
- the wear resistance of the insert 1 can be improved.
- the oxidation start temperature of the third metal nitride layer 24 is high, the oxidation resistance of the insert 1 can be improved.
- the thickness of the third metal nitride layer 24 may be thicker than the thickness of the laminated portion 23. Specifically, in the embodiment, when the thickness of the laminated portion 23 is 0.5 ⁇ m or less, the thickness of the third metal nitride layer 24 may be 1 ⁇ m or more. For example, when the thickness of the laminated portion 23 is 0.3 ⁇ m, the thickness of the third metal nitride layer 24 may be 1.2 ⁇ m. As described above, by making the third metal nitride layer 24 thicker than the laminated portion 23, the effect of improving the above-mentioned welding resistance, wear resistance, and the like is further higher.
- the thickness of the metal layer 22 may be, for example, 0.1 ⁇ m or more and less than 0.6 ⁇ m. That is, the metal layer 22 may be thicker than each of the first metal nitride layer 23a and the second metal nitride layer 23b, and may be thinner than the laminated portion 23.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the cutting tool of the present disclosure.
- the cutting tool 101 of the present disclosure is, for example, a rod-shaped body extending from the first end (upper end in FIG. 5) to the second end (lower end in FIG. 5).
- the cutting tool 101 has a length extending from the first end (tip) to the second end, and is located in the holder 105 having the pocket 103 located on the first end side and the pocket 103. It is provided with the above-mentioned insert 1. Since the cutting tool 101 includes the insert 1, stable cutting can be performed for a long period of time.
- the pocket 103 is a portion to which the insert 1 is mounted, and has a seating surface parallel to the lower surface of the holder 105 and a restraining side surface that is perpendicular to the seating surface or is inclined. Further, the pocket 103 is open on the first end side of the holder 105.
- Insert 1 is located in pocket 103. At this time, the lower surface of the insert 1 may be in direct contact with the pocket 103, or a sheet (not shown) may be sandwiched between the insert 1 and the pocket 103.
- the insert 1 is attached to the holder 105 so that at least a part of the portion used as the cutting edge 13 at the ridge where the rake surface 7 and the flank surface 9 intersect protrudes outward from the holder 105.
- the insert 1 is attached to the holder 105 by a fixing screw 107. That is, the fixing screw 107 is inserted into the through hole 55 of the insert 1, the tip of the fixing screw 107 is inserted into the screw hole (not shown) formed in the pocket 103, and the screw portions are screwed together to insert the insert. 1 is attached to the holder 105.
- Steel, cast iron, etc. can be used as the material of the holder 105.
- steel having high toughness may be used.
- a cutting tool used for so-called turning is exemplified.
- the turning process include inner diameter processing, outer diameter processing, and grooving processing.
- the cutting tool is not limited to the one used for turning.
- the insert 1 of the above embodiment may be used as a cutting tool used for milling.
- a flat hexagonal boron nitride powder which is a raw material powder, is prepared.
- Use commercially available raw materials having an average particle size of 0.7 ⁇ m or more and having an oxygen impurity content of less than 0.5% by mass.
- the average particle size of the hexagonal boron nitride powder means the average value of the lengths of the boron nitride powder in the major axis direction measured by an electron microscope.
- the hexagonal boron nitride powder may have an average particle size of 0.2 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less.
- the hexagonal boron nitride powder may be of high purity having a purity of 99% or more. Further, it may contain a catalyst component used in producing cubic boron nitride powder. Further, a raw material powder having a purity of less than 99% may be used.
- the raw material powder is molded by a uniaxial press, and by controlling the pressure during molding, it is possible to control the cubic crystal orientation value and the compression type boron nitride orientation value after firing.
- the flat hexagonal boron nitride powder is oriented so that the 002 surface of the hexagonal boron nitride powder is oriented perpendicular to the pressure axis direction of the press.
- uniaxial pressing is performed by repeatedly applying pressure to the same molded body, the orientation of the hexagonal boron nitride powder in the molded body is high.
- the boron nitride sintered body of the present disclosure can be obtained.
- the proportion of compression-type boron nitride contained in the boron nitride sintered body can be controlled by the temperature and pressure at the time of firing.
- a coating layer can be formed on the boron nitride sintered body.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various improvements and changes may be made without departing from the gist of the present disclosure.
- a flat hexagonal boron nitride powder having an average particle size of 0.3 ⁇ m, 6 ⁇ m, and 16 ⁇ m and an oxygen impurity content of 0.3% by mass was molded by a uniaxial press to obtain a molded body. Further, the same hexagonal boron nitride powder was subjected to isobaric pressure to prepare a molded product. These molded bodies were fired under the conditions shown in Table 1.
- the obtained sintered body was cut in a direction perpendicular to the first surface of the sintered body to prepare a test piece having a surface perpendicular to the first surface and having a thickness of about 0.5 mm. ..
- a test piece having a surface perpendicular to the first surface and having a thickness of about 0.5 mm. ..
- the compression type boron nitride content value, cubic crystal orientation value, and compression type boron nitride orientation value were obtained based on the cross section perpendicular to the first surface of this test piece. rice field.
- Each of the obtained values is shown in Table 1.
- a part of the obtained sintered body was cut out to prepare an insert.
- a sample having a coating layer on the surface of the insert was also prepared. The structure of this coating layer is shown in Table 2. In the following test, an insert without a coating layer and an insert with two types of coating layers were evaluated.
- Sample No. which is a sample obtained from an isobaric molded body. None of 1 to 3, 7, 11 and 15 have the constitution of the boron nitride sintered body in the insert of the present disclosure. Further, even when a uniaxially pressurized molded product is used, the sample No. has a firing temperature of 2100 ° C. and a firing pressure of 11 GPa. In 8 to 10, compression type boron nitride was not contained. Using the uniaxially pressurized molded product, the sample No. with a firing temperature of 2300 ° C. and a firing pressure of 7.7 GPa. In No. 16, compression-type boron nitride was contained, but the compression-type boron nitride orientation value was smaller than the cubic crystal orientation value.
- the compression type boron nitride content value is smaller than 0.005
- the cubic crystal orientation value is larger than 0.5
- the compression type boron nitride orientation value is larger than the cubic crystal orientation value. It had a long life.
- sample No. The average particle size of the cubic boron nitrides of 4 to 6 and 12 to 14 was 200 nm or less. In particular, the sample No. using the raw material powder having a small average particle size. 4 and sample No. The average particle size of 12 was 100 nm or less.
- the sample that does not meet the constituent requirements of the boron nitride sintered body in the insert of the present disclosure is the sample No. which is the insert of the present disclosure. It had a shorter lifespan than 4-6 and 12-14. In all samples, inserts with a coating layer had a longer life than inserts without a coating layer. In particular, inserts with a metal layer have a long life.
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Abstract
Description
図1に本開示のインサート1の一例を示す。図1に示す例において、インサート1は、多角形状の窒化硼素焼結体3である。図2に本開示のインサート1の他の例を示す。図2には、窒化硼素焼結体3がたとえば超硬合金からなる基体5に接合される例を示している。基体5は、窒化硼素焼結体3と合わせて多角形状のインサートとなっている。このような構成を有すると、インサート1に占める比較的高価な窒化硼素焼結体3の割合を小さくすることができる。図2に示す例では、インサート1が有する複数の角部のうち、一つに窒化硼素焼結体3が位置している。これに限らず、インサート1が有する複数の角部のうち、二つ以上に窒化硼素焼結体3が位置していてもよい。
本開示のインサート1は、被覆層を有していてもよい。被覆層は、例えば、窒化硼素焼結体3の耐摩耗性、耐熱性等を向上させることを目的として窒化硼素焼結体3に被覆される。なお、図2に示すインサート1において、被覆層は、窒化硼素焼結体3と基体5とに被覆されてもよい。
次に、本開示の切削工具について図5を参照して説明する。図5は、本開示の切削工具の一例を示す図である。
以下に、本開示のインサートにおける窒化硼素焼結体の製造方法について説明する。まず、原料粉末である扁平形状の六方晶窒化硼素粉末を準備する。平均粒径は0.7μm以上で、市販の原料のうち酸素不純物量が0.5質量%未満のものを使用する。六方晶窒化硼素粉末の平均粒径とは、電子顕微鏡で測定した窒化硼素粉末の長軸方向の長さの平均値を意味する。六方晶窒化硼素粉末は、平均粒径が、0.2μm以上、30μm以下であってもよい。六方晶窒化硼素粉末は、99%以上の純度を有する高純度のものであってもよい。また、立方晶の窒化硼素粉末を製造する際に用いる触媒成分を含有するものであってもよい。また、99%未満の純度の原料粉末を用いてもよい。
被削材:Ti合金(Ti-6Al-4V)
切削条件:Vc=100m/min、f=0.1mm/rev、ap=0.4mm、Wet
使用工具:CNGA120408
3・・・窒化硼素焼結体
5・・・基体
7・・・すくい面
9・・・逃げ面
13・・・切刃
20・・・被覆層
21・・・硬質層
22・・・金属層
23・・・積層部
23a・・第1金属窒化物層
23b・・第2金属窒化物層
24・・・第3金属窒化物層
101・・切削工具
103・・ポケット
105・・ホルダ
Claims (11)
- 第1面と、第2面と、前記第1面および前記第2面との稜部の少なくとも一部に位置する切刃とを有する窒化硼素焼結体を具備するインサートであって、
前記窒化硼素焼結体は、立方晶窒化硼素と圧縮型窒化硼素とを含有し、
前記第1面に垂直な前記窒化硼素焼結体の断面に対する、透過型X線回折において、
前記第1面に垂直な方向における、前記立方晶窒化硼素の111回折のピークの頂点におけるX線強度をIcBN(111)vとし、前記圧縮型窒化硼素の002回折のピークの頂点におけるX線強度をIhBN(002)vとし、
前記第1面に平行な方向における、前記立方晶窒化硼素の111回折のピークの頂点におけるX線強度をIcBN(111)hとし、前記圧縮型窒化硼素の002回折のピークの頂点におけるX線強度をIhBN(002)hとしたとき、
(IhBN(002)v+IhBN(002)h)/(IcBN(111)v+IcBN(111)h)で示される圧縮型窒化硼素含有値は、0.002よりも大きく、0.01よりも小さく、
IcBN(111)v/(IcBN(111)v+IcBN(111)h)で示される立方晶配向値は、0.5よりも大きく、
IhBN(002)v/(IhBN(002)v+IhBN(002)h)で示される圧縮型窒化硼素配向値は、前記立方晶配向値よりも大きく、
前記窒化硼素焼結体における表面の少なくとも一部に被覆層を有する、インサート。 - 前記立方晶配向値は、0.55以上である、請求項1に記載のインサート。
- 前記圧縮型窒化硼素配向値は、0.8以上である、請求項1または2に記載のインサート。
- 前記窒化硼素焼結体は、ウルツ型窒化硼素を含有する、請求項1~3のいずれか一つに記載のインサート。
- 前記断面における前記立方晶窒化硼素の平均粒径は、200nm以下である、請求項1~4のいずれか一つに記載のインサート。
- 前記被覆層の厚みは、0.1μm以上5.0μm以下である、請求項1~5のいずれか一つに記載のインサート。
- 前記被覆層は、積層された複数の層を有しており、前記窒化硼素焼結体と接する前記被覆層が、金属で形成されている、請求項1~6のいずれか一つに記載のインサート。
- 前記金属は、Ti、Zr、V、Cr、Ta、Nb、Hf、Alの単体以外の金属からなる、請求項7に記載のインサート。
- 前記金属は、Zr、Hf、V、Nb、Ta、Cr、Mo、W、Al、Si、Yのうち少なくとも一種以上の元素を含有する、請求項8に記載のインサート。
- 前記被覆層の少なくとも一部は、一層当たりの厚みが10nm以上50nm以下の複数の層が積層されている、請求項1~9のいずれか一つに記載のインサート。
- 第1端から第2端に亘る長さを有し、前記第1端側にポケットを有するホルダと、
前記ポケットに位置する請求項1~10のいずれか一つに記載のインサートと、を備えた切削工具。
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JP2016145131A (ja) * | 2015-02-09 | 2016-08-12 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 立方晶窒化ホウ素多結晶体、切削工具、耐摩工具、研削工具、および立方晶窒化ホウ素多結晶体の製造方法 |
JP2018058731A (ja) * | 2016-10-06 | 2018-04-12 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 窒化ホウ素多結晶体の製造方法、窒化ホウ素多結晶体、切削工具、耐摩工具および研削工具 |
WO2019244894A1 (ja) * | 2018-06-18 | 2019-12-26 | 住友電工ハードメタル株式会社 | 立方晶窒化硼素多結晶体及びその製造方法 |
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