WO2022137906A1 - 水性ポリウレタン樹脂、表面処理剤及びそれを用いて表面処理した皮革 - Google Patents
水性ポリウレタン樹脂、表面処理剤及びそれを用いて表面処理した皮革 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022137906A1 WO2022137906A1 PCT/JP2021/042257 JP2021042257W WO2022137906A1 WO 2022137906 A1 WO2022137906 A1 WO 2022137906A1 JP 2021042257 W JP2021042257 W JP 2021042257W WO 2022137906 A1 WO2022137906 A1 WO 2022137906A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- polyurethane resin
- aqueous polyurethane
- diol
- surface treatment
- group
- Prior art date
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
- D06N3/14—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an aqueous polyurethane resin, a surface treatment agent, and leather surface-treated with the same.
- a surface treatment agent is used to improve the wear resistance and matte property of the surface of synthetic leather and PVC leather. Processing is being done.
- Most of the resin compositions used in conventional surface treatment agents are solvent-based solvents containing organic solvents such as dimethylformamide, toluene, and methyl ethyl ketone, but these organic solvents are highly flammable and highly toxic. Since there are many problems, there are problems such as danger of fire, deterioration of working environment, and environmental pollution such as air and water quality. Further, in the production of synthetic leather, recovery of these organic solvents is also performed, but there is a problem that a large amount of cost and labor are required.
- Patent Document 1 describes a polyurethane resin containing a polyol component and an isocyanate component, and (1) contains a polycarbonate diol component as the polyol component and a linear type as the isocyanate component. It contains an aliphatic isocyanate component, (2) the polycarbonate diol component has a weight average molecular weight of 500 to 3000, and contains a diol-derived structure having 3 to 10 carbon atoms in its structure, and (3) among the isocyanate components.
- a polyurethane resin in which 10 mol% or more is a linear aliphatic isocyanate component having 4 to 10 carbon atoms is described, and in Examples, 1,4-butanediol and 1,10- are described as the polycarbonate diol component. Polycarbonate diols derived from decanediol are used. When this polyurethane resin was applied to a base material, it was possible to achieve both cold bending resistance and chemical resistance, but the wear resistance was not sufficient.
- Patent Document 2 describes an aqueous surface treatment agent containing an aqueous polyurethane (A) and a carbodiimide-based cross-linking agent (B) having a 100% modulus in the range of 10 to 20 MPa.
- the aqueous polyurethane (A) an aqueous polyurethane using a 1,6-hexanediol-based polycarbonate diol is described.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and is a water-based polyurethane resin and a surface treatment capable of imparting excellent wear resistance to a leather base material without impairing flexibility. It is an object of the present invention to provide a leather to which excellent wear resistance is imparted without impairing the agent and flexibility.
- the present inventors have obtained a polycarbonate diol derived from a diol having a branched structure in which the number of carbon atoms is an integer of 3 to 10 and a direct number in which the number of carbon atoms is an odd number of 3 to 9.
- an aqueous polyurethane resin prepared using at least one of the polycarbonate diols derived from the diol having a chain structure the leather substrate is not impaired in flexibility. , It has been found that excellent wear resistance can be imparted, and the present invention has been completed.
- the aqueous polyurethane resin of the present invention is a reaction production of (a) an organic polyisocyanate, (b) a polyol, (c) a compound having an anionic hydrophilic group and at least two active hydrogens, and (d) a polyhydric alcohol.
- An aqueous polyurethane resin which is a chain extension product of (e) an amino group and / or a polyamine having two or more imino groups, which is a neutralized product of an isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer, and the above-mentioned (b) polyol is ( b1) Polyurethane diol having a structural unit derived from a diol having a branched structure having an integer number of carbon atoms of 3 to 10, and (b2) a structural unit derived from a diol having a linear structure having an odd number of carbon atoms of 3 to 9. It contains at least one selected from the group consisting of polycarbonate diols having, and the polyhydric alcohol (d) contains a polyhydric alcohol having at least three or more active hydrogens.
- the polycarbonate diol (b1) is a structural unit derived from a diol having a branched structure having an integer number of carbon atoms of 3 to 10, and a linear chain having an integer number of carbon atoms of 3 to 10. It is a polycarbonate diol having a structural unit derived from a diol having a structure, and the above-mentioned (b2) polycarbonate diol has a structural unit derived from a diol having an even-numbered linear structure having 3 to 9 carbon atoms and a carbon number.
- polycarbonate diol having a structural unit derived from a diol having an even-numbered linear structure of 4 to 10, and a structural unit derived only from a diol having a linear structure having an odd number of carbon atoms of 3 to 9. It is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of polycarbonate diols.
- the ratio of the total amount of the polycarbonate diols (b1) and (b2) to the polyol (b) is preferably 40% by mass or more, and the polyol (b).
- the ratio of the (d) polyhydric alcohol to the total amount of the compound having the (c) anionic hydrophilic group and at least two active hydrogens and the (d) polyhydric alcohol is 0.1 to 1.5 mass. % Is preferable.
- the content of free isocyanate groups in the isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer is preferably 0.2 to 4.0% by mass, and the (a) organic polyisocyanate is used.
- the (a) organic polyisocyanate is used.
- At least one selected from the group consisting of aliphatic polyisocyanates and alicyclic polyisocyanates is preferable.
- the surface treatment agent of the present invention comprises at least (a) an organic polyisocyanate, (b) a polyol and (d) an isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer which is a reaction product of a polyhydric alcohol, or (e) an amino group as a neutralized product thereof.
- the polyhydric alcohol contains a polyhydric alcohol having at least 3 or more active hydrogens.
- the aqueous polyurethane resin is the aqueous polyurethane resin of the present invention.
- the leather of the present invention includes a base material for leather and a surface treatment layer formed on the surface of the base material by the surface treatment agent of the present invention.
- the aqueous polyurethane resin of the present invention is a reaction product of (a) an organic polyisocyanate, (b) a polyol, (c) a compound having an anionic hydrophilic group and at least two active hydrogens, and (d) a polyhydric alcohol.
- E A chain extender made of a polyamine having two or more amino groups and / or imino groups, which is a neutralized product of a certain isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer, and is a self-emulsifying aqueous polyurethane resin.
- water-based in the self-emulsifying water-based polyurethane resin means that the self-emulsifying polyurethane resin is emulsified and dispersed in water to prepare an emulsified dispersion having a resin content concentration of 35% by mass in water. This means that even if the emulsified dispersion is allowed to stand at 20 ° C. for 12 hours, no separation or sedimentation can be observed.
- organic polyisocyanate used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include aromatic, aliphatic and alicyclic polyisocyanates which have been generally used conventionally.
- aromatic polyisocyanate examples include m-phenylenedi isocyanate, p-phenylenedi isocyanate, 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate, 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate, 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, and 2,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate.
- the aliphatic polyisocyanate include tetramethylene diisocyanate, pentamethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, dodecamethylene diisocyanate, trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, and lysine diisocyanate.
- alicyclic polyisocyanate examples include isophorone diisocyanate, hydrogenated xylylene diisocyanate, 4,4'-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, 3,3'-dimethyl-4,4'-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, norbornane diisocyanate, and 1,3-bis. (Isocyanatomethyl) cyclohexane and the like can be mentioned. These organic polyisocyanates may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- organic polyisocyanates aliphatic polyisocyanates and alicyclic polyisocyanates are preferable from the viewpoint that the obtained aqueous polyurethane resin is yellow-free, and alicyclic polyisocyanates are preferable from the viewpoint of heat resistance. Isocyanates are more preferred.
- the (b) polyol used in the present invention has (b1) a polycarbonate diol having a structural unit derived from a diol having a branched structure having an integer of 3 to 10 carbon atoms and (b2) having 3 to 3 carbon atoms. It comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of polycarbonate diols having structural units derived from diols having a linear structure which is an odd number of nine.
- the polycarbonate diol (b1) is a structural unit derived from a diol having a branched structure having an integer number of carbon atoms of 3 to 10, and a linear chain having an integer number of carbon atoms of 3 to 10. It is preferably a polycarbonate diol having a structural unit derived from a diol having a structure, and the (b2) polycarbonate diol has a structure derived from a diol having a linear structure having an even number of 3 to 9 carbon atoms.
- the weight average molecular weight of the (b1) polycarbonate diol and the (b2) polycarbonate diol is preferably 500 to 3000, more preferably 800 to 2500. If the weight average molecular weight of the (b1) polycarbonate diol and the (b2) polycarbonate diol is less than the lower limit, the flexibility of the leather may decrease, while if the upper limit is exceeded, the viscosity of the polycarbonate diol itself becomes high. It tends to be too much and may be difficult to handle.
- Examples of the diol having a branched structure in which the number of carbon atoms is an integer of 3 to 10 include 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, and 2-butyl-2-ethyl-1. , 3-Propanediol and the like.
- Examples of the diol having a linear structure having an odd number of carbon atoms of 3 to 9 include 1,3-propanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,7-heptanediol, and 1,9-nonanediol. ..
- Examples of the diol having a linear structure having an even number of 4 to 10 carbon atoms include 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,8-octanediol, and 1,10-decanediol. ..
- polycarbonate diol specifically, a polycarbonate diol derived from 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol / 1,6-hexanediol (for example, a molecular weight average of Claret polyol C-1090 manufactured by Claret Co., Ltd.).
- Claret polyol C-2090 weight average molecular weight: 2000
- Claret polyol C-3090 weight average molecular weight: 3000
- Polycarbonate diol derived from 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol for example, Ube
- ETERNACOLL UP-100 weight average molecular weight: 1000
- ETERNACOLL UP-200 weight average molecular weight: 2000
- the (b2) polycarbonate diol specifically, a polycarbonate diol derived from 1,5-pentanediol / 1,6-hexanediol (for example, Duranol T5651 (weight average molecular weight: 1000) manufactured by Asahi Kasei Chemicals Co., Ltd., Duranol).
- Examples thereof include T5652 (weight average molecular weight: 2000)), polycarbonate diol derived from 1,3-propanediol (for example, HS PD-2003 (weight average molecular weight: 2000) manufactured by Toyokuni Oil Co., Ltd.) and the like.
- the ratio of the total amount of the polycarbonate diols (b1) and (b2) to the polyol (b) is 40% by mass or more from the viewpoint of wear resistance and bending resistance of the leather.
- 50% by mass or more is more preferable, 90% by mass or more is particularly preferable, and 100% by mass is most preferable. If the ratio of the total amount of the polycarbonate diols (b1) and (b2) is less than the lower limit, at least one of the abrasion resistance and the bending resistance of the leather may decrease.
- the polycarbonate diol (b1) and ( Examples of the polyols other than b2) include polyether-based polyols, polyester-based polyols, and polycarbonate-based polyols other than the polycarbonate diols (b1) and (b2) (hereinafter, “others”). Examples thereof include high molecular weight polyols and low molecular weight diols (also referred to as “polycarbonate-based polyols”).
- polyether polyol examples include polymers of alkylene oxides such as ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, and butylene oxide. Such a polymer may be a homopolymer of one kind of alkylene oxide or a copolymer of two or more kinds of alkylene oxide. When it is a copolymer, it may be a random polymer or a block polymer.
- the molecular weight of such a polyether polyol is preferably 400 to 5000.
- a compound obtained by adding one or more kinds of alkylene oxides to a low molecular weight dihydric alcohol can also be used. Examples of the low molecular weight dihydric alcohol include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol and the like.
- polyester-based polyol examples include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, and 1,6.
- neopentyl glycol diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 300 to 1000, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, bishydroxyethoxybenzene, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, bisphenol A, Dimeric components such as bisphenol S, hydrogenated bisphenol A, hydroquinone or alkylene oxide adducts thereof, dimer acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, dodecanecarboxylic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, 1, 3-Cyclopentanedicarboxylic acid, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, 1,4-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 2,5-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, naphthalic
- Examples of the other polycarbonate-based polyol include glycols having an even number of carbon atoms such as 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,8-octanediol, 1,10-decanediol, and diethylene glycol. Examples thereof include polycarbonate-based polyols obtained by reaction with diphenyl carbonate, phosgen and the like.
- low molecular weight diol examples include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, nonanediol, neopentyl glycol and the like.
- These other polyols may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a compound having an anionic hydrophilic group and at least two active hydrogens includes a carboxy group and a carboxylate group. It is a compound having an anionic hydrophilic group such as a sulfo group and a sulfonate group and two or more active hydrogen-containing groups such as a hydroxy group. By copolymerizing this (c) compound having an anionic hydrophilic group and at least two active hydrogens, a self-emulsifying aqueous polyurethane resin can be obtained.
- Examples of the compound (c) include 2,2-dimethylolpropionic acid, 2,2-dimethylolbutanoic acid, 2,2-dimethylolbuty acid, 2,2-dimethylolvaleric acid, dihydroxymaleic acid, 2,6. -Dihydroxybenzoic acid and the like can be mentioned.
- the content of the anionic hydrophilic group in the aqueous polyurethane resin of the present invention is preferably 0.3 to 3.0% by mass from the viewpoint of emulsion stability, storage stability and bending resistance of leather. More preferably, it is 0.5 to 2.5% by mass.
- the content of the anionic hydrophilic group is less than the above lower limit, the emulsion stability and the storage stability of the aqueous polyurethane resin tend to decrease, and the aqueous polyurethane resin may not be used stably, while the above-mentioned If it exceeds the upper limit, the aqueous polyurethane resin tends to become too hard, and the flexibility of the leather may decrease.
- the (d) polyhydric alcohol used in the present invention contains a polyhydric alcohol having at least three or more active hydrogens.
- a multivalent alcohol include trihydric or higher low molecular weight polyhydric alcohols such as trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, and sorbitol.
- such a low molecular weight polyhydric alcohol having a valence of 3 or more or a compound having a molecular weight of 500 or less obtained by adding one or more kinds of alkylene oxides to a small molecule polyalkylene polyamine is also used as the (d) polyhydric alcohol. be able to.
- Examples of the low molecular weight polyalkylene polyamine include ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, and triethylenetetramine.
- Examples of the alkylene oxide include ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide and the like.
- polyhydric alcohols trihydric polyhydric alcohols are preferable, and trihydric polyhydric alcohols are more preferable, from the viewpoint of abrasion resistance and bending resistance of leather.
- the above (d) with respect to the total amount of the (b) polyol, the compound having the (c) anionic hydrophilic group and at least two active hydrogens, and the (d) polyhydric alcohol is preferably 0.1 to 1.5% by mass, more preferably 0.3 to 1.1% by mass, from the viewpoint of abrasion resistance and bending resistance of the leather.
- the ratio of the polyhydric alcohol is less than the above lower limit, the crosslink density of the aqueous polyurethane resin tends to be low, and the wear resistance of the leather may be insufficient.
- the ratio exceeds the upper limit the aqueous polyurethane The crosslink density of the resin tends to be too high, and the bending resistance of the leather may decrease.
- the (e) polyamine used in the present invention has two or more amino groups and / or imino groups.
- examples of such polyamines include ethylenediamine, propylenediamine, tetramethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, diaminocyclohexylmethane, hydrazine, 2-methylpiperazine, isophoronediamine, norborandiamine, diaminodiphenylmethane, tolylene diamine and xylylene diamine.
- Diamines such as; polyamines such as diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, iminobispropylamine; amidoamines derived from diprimary amines and monocarboxylic acids; water-soluble amines such as monoketimine as diprimary amines.
- These polyamines may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Further, the amount of such (e) polyamine used is preferably an amount containing 0.8 to 1.2 equivalents of an amino group or the like with respect to the free isocyanate group of the isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer described later.
- the isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer used in the present invention includes the (a) organic polyisocyanate, the (b) polyol, the (c) anionic hydrophilic group and a compound having at least two active hydrogens, and the above (d). It is a reaction product of polyhydric alcohol.
- the method for producing such an isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a conventionally known one-stage so-called one-shot method and a multi-stage isocyanate heavy addition reaction method.
- the reaction temperature is preferably 40 to 150 ° C.
- a reaction catalyst or a reaction inhibitor such as phosphoric acid, sodium hydrogen phosphate, paratoluenesulfonic acid, adipic acid, or benzoyl chloride may be added.
- an organic solvent that does not react with the isocyanate group may be added during or after the reaction.
- examples of such an organic solvent include acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, toluene, xylene, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, methylene chloride and the like.
- these organic solvents methyl ethyl ketone, toluene and ethyl acetate are particularly preferable. Further, these organic solvents can be removed by heating and reducing the pressure after emulsification and dispersion of the prepolymer and chain extension.
- the molar ratio (NCO / OH) of the isocyanate group of the raw material to the hydroxyl group is preferably 2.0 / 1.0 to 1.1 / 1.0. It is more preferably 7 / 1.0 to 1.25 / 1.0.
- the content of the free isocyanate group in the isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer thus obtained is preferably 0.2 to 4.0% by mass, more preferably 0.6 to 3.0% by mass.
- the free isocyanate group content is less than the lower limit, the viscosity of the isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer at the time of production tends to increase remarkably, a large amount of organic solvent is required, which is disadvantageous in terms of cost and emulsification and dispersion. It tends to be difficult.
- the free isocyanate group content exceeds the upper limit, the balance between water solubility after emulsification and dispersion and after chain extension by (e) polyamine tends to change significantly, and the storage stability or processing of the aqueous polyurethane resin with time tends to change. Stability may be reduced. In addition, the bending resistance of the leather may decrease.
- the (a) organic polyisocyanate, the (b) polyol, the compound having the (c) anionic hydrophilic group and at least two active hydrogens, and the (d) polyhydric alcohol all have reaction points. There are a plurality of such compounds, and (a) an organic polyisocyanate, (b) a polyol, (c) a compound having an anionic hydrophilic group and at least two active hydrogens, and (d) a polyhydric alcohol are reacted.
- the isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer thus obtained has a complicated structure and cannot be directly represented by a general formula (structural formula).
- the neutralized product of the isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer used in the present invention is one in which the anionic hydrophilic group in the isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer is neutralized.
- the neutralized product of such an isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer is a compound having (i) the (a) organic polyisocyanate, the (b) polyol, the (c) anionic hydrophilic group and at least two active hydrogens.
- the anionic hydrophilic group in the isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer obtained by reacting with a polyhydric alcohol may be neutralized by a known method, or (ii) the above (a) organic. After mixing the polyisocyanate, the polyol, the compound having the (c) anionic hydrophilic group and at least two active hydrogens, and the (d) polyhydric alcohol, the anionicity in the (c) compound. Produced by neutralizing the hydrophilic group by a known method and then reacting the neutralized compound (c), the organic polyisocyanate (a), the polyol (b) and the polyhydric alcohol (d). You may.
- the neutralized product of the isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer is (iii) the (a) organic polyisocyanate, the (b) polyol, and the (c) compound in which the anionic hydrophilic group is a salt of an anionic hydrophilic group. And (d) can also be produced by reacting with a polyhydric alcohol.
- the basic compound used for neutralizing the anionic hydrophilic group is not particularly limited, and is, for example, trimethylamine, triethylamine, tri-n-propylamine, tributylamine, N.
- -Amines such as methyl-diethanolamine, N, N-dimethylmonoethanolamine, N, N-diethylmonoethanolamine, triethanolamine; alkali metal hydroxides such as potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide; ammonia and the like.
- tertiary amines such as trimethylamine, triethylamine, tri-n-propylamine and tributylamine are particularly preferable.
- the amount of the neutralizing basic compound used is 0.5 to 1.5 equivalents with respect to the anionic hydrophilic group. Is preferable, 0.6 to 1.4 equivalents are more preferable, and 0.7 to 1.3 equivalents are particularly preferable.
- the amount of the basic compound for neutralization is less than the lower limit, the emulsifying property and storage stability of the aqueous polyurethane resin tend to decrease. On the other hand, even if an amount of the basic compound for neutralization exceeding the upper limit is added, the emulsifying property and storage stability of the aqueous polyurethane resin are not further improved, which is economically unfavorable.
- the aqueous polyurethane resin of the present invention is a neutralized product of the isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer, which is chain-extended using the polyamine (e) (chain-extended product).
- the isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer neutralized product is emulsified and dispersed in water.
- the method for emulsification and dispersion is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include conventionally known methods using a homomixer, a homogenizer, a disper, and the like.
- the isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer neutralized product can be emulsified and dispersed in water at a temperature in the range of 0 to 40 ° C. without adding an emulsifier. This makes it possible to suppress the reaction between the isocyanate group and water.
- the isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer neutralized product is emulsified and dispersed, the reaction of phosphoric acid, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, paratoluenesulfonic acid, adipic acid, benzoyl chloride and the like is suppressed as necessary.
- the agent may be added.
- the aqueous polyurethane resin of the present invention is formed by chain-extending the isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer neutralized product emulsified and dispersed in water using the polyamine (e).
- the method for chain extension is not particularly limited, and for example, the method of adding the polyamine (e) to the emulsified dispersion of the isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer neutralized product to extend the chain, or the isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer.
- a method of adding the emulsified dispersion of Japanese product to the polyamine (e) to extend the chain is preferable.
- the reaction between the isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer neutralized product and the amine is usually carried out at a reaction temperature of 20 to 50 ° C., usually after mixing the isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer neutralized product with the polyamine (e), and then 30 to 120. It will be completed in minutes.
- Such chain extension may be performed at the same time as the emulsification dispersion, after the emulsification dispersion, or before the emulsification dispersion.
- the obtained aqueous polyurethane resin contains an organic solvent, it is preferable to remove the organic solvent at a temperature of 30 to 80 ° C. under reduced pressure.
- Polyamine also has a plurality of reaction sites, and the isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer neutralized product obtained by chain-extending the isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer neutralized product using such (e) polyamine.
- the chain-extended product aqueous polyurethane resin
- the aqueous polyurethane resin of the present invention thus obtained is preferably used in a state of being emulsified and dispersed in water, and the resin content concentration is not particularly limited, but is preferably 20 to 60% by mass.
- the resin content concentration in the hydroemulsified dispersion of such an aqueous polyurethane resin can be adjusted by adding or removing water.
- the surface treatment agent of the present invention comprises at least (a) an organic polyisocyanate, (b) a polyol and (d) an isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer which is a reaction product of a polyhydric alcohol, or (e) an amino group which is a neutralized product thereof. / Or contains an aqueous polyurethane resin which is a chain extender made of a polyamine having two or more imino groups.
- the (a) organic polyisocyanate, (b) polyol and (d) polyhydric alcohol used in the surface treatment agent of the present invention are the (a) organic polyisocyanate, (b) described in the aqueous polyurethane resin of the present invention. ) It is the same as polyol and (d) polyhydric alcohol.
- aqueous polyurethane resin used in the surface treatment agent of the present invention examples include the aqueous polyurethane resin of the present invention, which is a self-emulsifying aqueous polyurethane resin.
- the forced emulsification type aqueous polyurethane resin described later can also be used as the surface treatment agent of the present invention.
- the forced emulsifying water-based polyurethane resin does not have an anionic hydrophilic group (carboxy group, carboxylate group, sulfo group, sulfonate group, etc.), does not show self-emulsifying property, and is emulsified with water.
- water-based in the forced emulsified aqueous polyurethane resin means an emulsified dispersion having a resin content concentration of 35% by mass in water by emulsifying and dispersing the forced emulsified polyurethane resin in water using an emulsifier. This means that even if the emulsified dispersion is allowed to stand at 20 ° C. for 12 hours after preparation, no separation or sedimentation is observed.
- the water-based polyurethane resin of the present invention which is a self-emulsifying water-based polyurethane resin, is preferable from the viewpoint that the surface-treated leather does not wrinkle due to the emulsifier.
- the forced emulsified polyurethane resin used in the surface treatment agent of the present invention comprises an isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer which is a reaction product of the (a) organic polyisocyanate, the (b) polyol and the (d) polyhydric alcohol.
- the chain is extended with the above-mentioned (e) polyamine having two or more amino groups and / or imino groups.
- the isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer used in the forced emulsified aqueous polyurethane resin is a reaction product of the (a) organic polyisocyanate, the (b) polyol and the (d) polyhydric alcohol, and is an anionic hydrophilic group. Isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer without.
- the present invention is described except that the compound having (c) an anionic hydrophilic group and at least two active hydrogens is not used.
- a method similar to the method for producing an isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer in the aqueous polyurethane resin of the above can be adopted.
- the isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer without anionic hydrophilic groups obtained by reacting with a polyhydric alcohol has a complicated structure and cannot be directly represented by a general formula (structural formula).
- the forced emulsified aqueous polyurethane resin contains two amino groups (e) and / or imino groups in a state where the isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer having no anionic hydrophilic group is emulsified and dispersed in water using an emulsifier. It is obtained by extending the chain using the polyamine having the above.
- Emsification dispersion As a method for emulsifying and dispersing the isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer without anionic hydrophilic groups, the isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer without anionic hydrophilic groups is used in place of the isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer neutralized product, and this is used as an emulsifier.
- the same method as the method for emulsifying and dispersing the isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer neutralized product in the aqueous polyurethane resin of the present invention can be adopted, except that it is emulsified and dispersed in water using.
- Examples of the emulsifier include nonionic surfactants and anionic surfactants.
- Examples of the nonionic surfactant include polyoxyethylene distyrylphenyl ether type nonionic surfactant, polyoxyethylene propylene distyrylphenyl ether type nonionic surfactant, and polyoxyethylene tristilylphenyl ether type nonionic surfactant. Examples thereof include surfactants, polyoxyethylene propylenetristylylphenyl ether type nonionic surfactants, and Pluronic (registered trademark) type nonionic surfactants.
- anionic surfactant examples include higher alcohol sulfate ester salt, higher alkyl ether sulfate ester salt, polyalkylene glycol sulfate ester salt, polyoxyalkylene aryl ether sulfate ester salt, and polyoxyalkylene aryl ether phosphate ester salt.
- Sulfated oil Sulfated oil, sulfated fatty acid ester, alkylbenzene sulfonate, alkylnaphthalene sulfonate, naphthalene sulfonate and its polymers, paraffin sulfonate, dialkyl sulfosuccinate, polystyrene sulfonate, lignin sulfonate, Alkyl ether phosphate ester salts can be mentioned.
- Such an emulsifier may be used alone or in combination of two or more, but it is preferable to use at least one of the nonionic surfactants, and among them, forced emulsified aqueous polyurethane.
- the value of HLB is calculated by the following equation: It is a value obtained by the molecular weight of the oxyethylene group portion in the nonionic surfactant ⁇ 20 / the molecular weight of the nonionic surfactant.
- the amount of the emulsifier added varies depending on the hydrophilicity of the isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer having no anionic hydrophilic group, and although it cannot be said unconditionally, 100 mass of the isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer having no anionic hydrophilic group. 0.5 to 10 parts by mass is preferable, and 1 to 6 parts by mass is more preferable.
- the amount of the emulsifier added is less than the lower limit, it tends to be difficult to obtain a sufficiently stable emulsified and dispersed state, while when the amount exceeds the upper limit, the water resistance of the obtained aqueous polyurethane resin is lowered or the water resistance of the obtained aqueous polyurethane resin is lowered.
- the surface-treated leather tends to be wrinkled.
- the (e) polyamine Similar to the (a) organic polyisocyanate, the (b) polyol, and the (d) polyhydric alcohol, the (e) polyamine also has a plurality of reaction points, and such (e) polyamine.
- the chain-extended product (forced emulsified aqueous polyurethane resin) of the isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer obtained by chain-extending the isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer using the above has a complicated structure as well as the isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer. Therefore, it is impossible to directly express it by a general formula (structural formula).
- the forced emulsified aqueous polyurethane resin thus obtained is preferably used in a state of being emulsified and dispersed in water, and the resin content concentration is not particularly limited, but is preferably 20 to 60% by mass.
- the resin content concentration in the hydroemulsified dispersion of such an aqueous polyurethane resin can be adjusted by adding or removing water.
- the surface treatment agent of the present invention contains such an aqueous polyurethane resin (for example, the self-emulsifying water-based polyurethane resin or the forced emulsifying water-based polyurethane resin, preferably the self-emulsifying water-based polyurethane resin). ..
- an aqueous polyurethane resin for example, the self-emulsifying water-based polyurethane resin or the forced emulsifying water-based polyurethane resin, preferably the self-emulsifying water-based polyurethane resin.
- aqueous polyurethane resin in addition to the aqueous polyurethane resin, resins other than the aqueous polyurethane resin (acrylic resin, polyester resin, etc.) and matting agents are used as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- Various additives such as acaricide, antifungal agent, ultraviolet absorber, antioxidant, antistatic agent, flame retardant, dye and pigment can be blended.
- Examples of the resin other than the aqueous polyurethane resin include acrylic resins.
- Examples of the acrylic monomer used in the acrylic resin include methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, lauryl (meth) acrylate, and stearyl (meth) acrylate.
- (meth) acrylic acid represents acrylic acid or methacrylic acid. Further, these acrylic monomers may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- copolymerization monomer used in the acrylic resin examples include aromatic vinyl compounds such as styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene and p-methylstyrene; acrylamides such as acrylamide, diacetoneacrylamide, methacrylicamide and maleic acid amide; and vinylpyrrolidone. And the like; heterocyclic vinyl compounds such as vinyl chloride, acrylonitrile, vinyl ether, vinyl ketone, vinyl amide and the like; ⁇ -olefins such as ethylene and propylene; maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid and derivatives thereof. These copolymerization monomers may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a matting agent may be blended in order to adjust the luster and luster of the leather surface.
- a matting agent include organic beads, silica particles, talc, aluminum hydroxide, calcium sulfate, calcium silicate, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, barium carbonate, alumina silicate, kaolin, mica, mica and the like. Can be mentioned. These matting agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Examples of the organic beads include urethane beads, acrylic beads, silicone beads, olefin beads, high-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene and the like.
- Examples of the silica particles include dry silica and wet silica. Among them, dry silica is preferable from the viewpoint of high scattering effect and adjustment of gloss value in a small amount.
- the average particle size of the organic beads is preferably 2 to 14 ⁇ m, more preferably 3 to 12 ⁇ m.
- an appropriate amount may be used according to the matte feeling (glossiness / gloss) of the leather surface, but usually, 1 to 150 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the aqueous polyurethane resin. Parts are preferable, 5 to 120 parts by mass are more preferable, and 7 to 100 parts by mass are further preferable.
- a smoothing agent may be blended in order to improve the smoothness and abrasion resistance of the leather surface.
- smoothing agents include polydimethyl silicone, hydroxyen-modified silicone, vinyl-modified silicone, epoxy-modified silicone, amino-modified silicone, carboxyl-modified silicone, halogenated-modified silicone, methacryloxy-modified silicone, mercapto-modified silicone, and fluorine-modified. Examples thereof include silicone, alkyl-modified silicone, phenyl-modified silicone, and polyether-modified silicone.
- These smoothing agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- polydimethylsilicone and epoxy-modified silicone are preferable from the viewpoint of having a large effect of improving wear resistance.
- a commercially available smoothing agent can be used.
- examples of commercially available products of the polydimethylsilicone emulsion include DOWNSIL SM490EX, DOWNSIL SM-8706EX, DOWNSIL IE-7046T, DOWNSIL FBL-3289, DOWNSIL Q2-3238 (all manufactured by Dow Toray Co., Ltd.), KM-. Examples thereof include 752T, KM-862T, KM-9737A, POLON MF-33 (all manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) and the like.
- Examples of commercially available products of the epoxy-modified silicone emulsion include DOWNSIL SM-8701 (manufactured by Dow Toray Co., Ltd.), POLON MF-18T, and X-51-1264 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.). And so on.
- blending amount of such a smoothing agent an appropriate amount may be used depending on the smoothness and abrasion resistance of the leather surface, but usually, 100 parts by mass of the aqueous polyurethane resin is used. 1 to 150 parts by mass is preferable, 5 to 120 parts by mass is more preferable, and 7 to 100 parts by mass is further preferable.
- a thickener in the surface treatment agent of the present invention, may be blended in order to adjust the viscosity to an appropriate level.
- thickeners include alkaline thickening acrylic resins, association-type thickeners, and water-soluble organic polymers. These thickeners may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a commercially available alkaline thickening acrylic resin can be used.
- examples of commercially available products of the alkaline thickening acrylic resin include Nicazole VT-253A (manufactured by Nippon Carbide Industries Co., Ltd.), Aron A-20P, Aron A-7150, Aron A-7070, Aron B-300, and Aron B.
- association type thickener a commercially available agent can be used as the association type thickener.
- Commercially available products of the association-type thickener include, for example, Adecanol UH-450, Adecanol UH-540, Adecanol UH-752 (all manufactured by Asahi Denka Kogyo Co., Ltd.), SN Sickener 601 and SN Sickener 612.
- water-soluble organic polymer examples include a natural water-soluble organic polymer, a semi-synthetic water-soluble organic polymer, and a synthetic water-soluble organic polymer.
- natural water-soluble organic polymer examples include starches such as potato starch, citrus starch, wheat starch, rice starch, tapioca starch, and corn starch; resin polysaccharides such as Arabic gum, tragacant gum, karaya gum, and trolley aoi; sodium alginate, carrageenan, and the like.
- Seaweed polysaccharides such as agar (galactan) and furori; microbial fermentation polysaccharides such as xanthan gum, purulan, curdran, dextrin and levan; proteins such as casein, gelatin, arabmin, sardine and collagen; pectin, chitin, chitosan and the like. Be done.
- Examples of the semi-synthetic water-soluble organic polymer include cellulose derivatives such as methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose and sodium cellulose sulfate; dextrin, soluble starch, oxidized starch, carboxymethyl starch and hydroxyethyl starch.
- Starch derivatives such as hydroxypropyl starch, dialdehyde starch, phosphate starch, acetyl starch; propylene glycol alginate and the like can be mentioned.
- Examples of the synthetic water-soluble organic polymer include polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylic acid salt, polyacrylamide, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinylalkyl ether, maleic anhydride copolymer, maleic acid copolymer, and maleate copolymer. Coalescence and the like can be mentioned.
- blending amount of such a thickener (blending amount of non-volatile content) an appropriate amount may be used depending on the viscosity of the surface treatment agent, but usually 0.5 with respect to 100 parts by mass of the aqueous polyurethane resin. It is preferably up to 40 parts by mass, more preferably 1 to 30 parts by mass, still more preferably 2 to 20 parts by mass.
- a cross-linking agent may be added in order to improve the water resistance and durability of the leather.
- cross-linking agents include carbodiimide-based cross-linking agents, isocyanate-based cross-linking agents, epoxy-based cross-linking agents, oxazoline-based cross-linking agents, aziridine-based cross-linking agents, blocked isocyanate-based cross-linking agents, water-dispersed isocyanate-based cross-linking agents, and melamine-based cross-linking agents. And so on.
- These cross-linking agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- these cross-linking agents can be blended when the aqueous polyurethane resin contained in the surface treatment agent of the present invention is either a self-emulsifying type or a forced emulsifying type, but a self-emulsifying type aqueous polyurethane having a carboxyl group.
- a resin among these cross-linking agents, it is particularly preferable to add a carbodiimide-based cross-linking agent from the viewpoint of texture and stability of the processing liquid.
- a commercially available cross-linking agent can be used.
- Commercially available products of the carbodiimide-based cross-linking agent include, for example, carbodilite E-02, carbodilite SV-02, carbodilite V02-L2, carbodilite V-10 (all manufactured by NICCA CHEMICAL CO., LTD.), And NK Assist CI-02 (NICCA CHEMICAL CO., LTD.). (Manufactured by Chemical Co., Ltd.) and the like.
- the blending amount of such a cross-linking agent is preferably 1 to 15 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the aqueous polyurethane resin from the viewpoint of abrasion resistance and bending resistance of leather. 2 to 10 parts by mass is more preferable.
- the leather of the present invention comprises a base material for leather and a surface treatment layer formed on the surface of the base material by the surface treatment agent of the present invention.
- leather products include synthetic leather, artificial leather, natural leather, vehicle interior materials using polyvinyl chloride (PVC) leather, motorcycle seat grips, sports shoes, clothing, furniture and the like.
- PVC polyvinyl chloride
- the leather base material examples include synthetic leather having a skin layer made of polyurethane resin (PU), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) leather, and pseudo-leather such as polyurethane-based thermoplastic elastomer (TPU).
- PU polyurethane resin
- PVC polyvinyl chloride
- TPU thermoplastic elastomer
- the method for forming the surface treatment layer on the surface of such a leather base material is not particularly limited.
- the surface treatment agent is applied to the surface of the leather base material and then dried.
- a surface treatment layer can be formed.
- the surface treatment agent is applied to the surface of the leather substrate by using various coaters such as a gravure coater, a bar coater, a comma coater, a blade coater, and an air knife coater.
- the amount of the surface treatment agent applied is preferably 4 to 40 g / m 2 after drying, and more preferably 6 to 30 g / m 2 .
- the method for drying the coated surface treatment agent is not particularly limited, and for example, it is preferably dried at a temperature in the range of 40 to 160 ° C. for 30 seconds to 10 minutes, and at a temperature in the range of 80 to 130 ° C. It is more preferable to dry for 30 seconds to 2 minutes. Further, it is preferable to carry out the aging treatment for 5 to 72 hours at a temperature in the range of 20 to 100 ° C. after drying.
- NCO% (ab) ⁇ 0.42 ⁇ f / x (In the above formula, a: titration amount of 0.1N hydrochloric acid methanol solution when only 10 ml of 0.1N dibutylamine toluene solution is titrated, b: 0.1N hydrochloric acid when a solution in which urethane prepolymer is dissolved is titrated. Titration of methanol solution, f: 0.1N Hydrochloric acid methanol solution factor, x: Urethane prepolymer amount) The free isocyanate group content NCO% was determined.
- H12MDI Dicyclohexylmethane 4,4'-diisocyanate ("Death Module W” manufactured by Covestro).
- IPDI Isophorone diisocyanate ("VESTANAT (R) IPDI” manufactured by Evonik Japan Co., Ltd.).
- 1,5-PDI 1,5-pentamethylene diisocyanate.
- HDI Hexamethylene diisocyanate.
- MDI Diphenylmethane diisocyanate.
- T5652 Polycarbonate diol (1,5-pentanediol / 1,6-hexanediol) manufactured by Asahi Kasei Chemicals Co., Ltd., trade name "Duranol T5652", weight average molecular weight 2000.
- T5651 Polycarbonate diol (1,5-pentanediol / 1,6-hexanediol) manufactured by Asahi Kasei Chemicals Co., Ltd., trade name "Duranol T5651", weight average molecular weight 1000.
- C2090 Polycarbonate diol manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.
- HS PD2003 Polycarbonate diol (1,3-propanediol) manufactured by Toyokuni Oil Co., Ltd., trade name "HS PD-2003", weight average molecular weight 2000.
- NL2010DB Polycarbonate diol (1,4-butanediol / 1,10-decanediol) manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, trade name "Beneviol NL-2010DB", weight average molecular weight 2000.
- T6002 Polycarbonate diol (1,6-hexanediol) manufactured by Asahi Kasei Chemicals Co., Ltd., trade name "Duranol T6002", weight average molecular weight 2000.
- T6001 Polycarbonate diol (1,6-hexanediol) manufactured by Asahi Kasei Chemicals Co., Ltd., trade name "Duranol T6001", weight average molecular weight 1000.
- T4692 Polycarbonate diol (1,4-butanediol / 1,6-hexanediol) manufactured by Asahi Kasei Chemicals Co., Ltd., trade name "Duranol T4692", weight average molecular weight 2000.
- PTMG2000 Polytetramethylene ether glycol manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, trade name "PTMG2000", weight average molecular weight 2000.
- 1,3-BD 1,3-Butanediol.
- TMP Trimethylolpropane
- DMPA Dimethylol propionic acid
- TEA Triethylamine
- aqueous polyurethane resin used in Examples and Comparative Examples was synthesized by the following method.
- Table 1 shows the particle size of the water-based polyurethane resin and the viscosity of the aqueous dispersion of the aqueous polyurethane resin.
- Ratio of (d) polyhydric alcohol to total amount of compound and (d) polyhydric alcohol, free isocyanate group content in the isocyanate group-terminated urethane prepolymer, anionic hydrophilic group content in the aqueous polyurethane resin, aqueous polyurethane resin The particle size of the water-based polyurethane resin and the viscosity of the aqueous dispersion of the aqueous polyurethane resin are shown in Tables 1 to 3.
- KM-862T 60% by mass of non-volatile content
- 12 parts by mass of associated thickener (“SN Sixner 612 ”manufactured by Sannopco Co., Ltd., 40% by mass of non-volatile content), 343 parts by mass of ion-exchanged water, and water.
- 12 parts by mass of a dispersible carbodiimide-based cross-linking agent (“Carbodilite SV-02” manufactured by Nisshinbo Chemical Co., Ltd., non-volatile content 40% by mass) was uniformly mixed using a disper to prepare an aqueous surface treatment agent.
- Examples 2 to 19 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7 286 parts by mass (resin content 35% by mass) of the aqueous polyurethane resin obtained in Synthesis Examples 2 to 19 and Comparative Synthesis Examples 1 to 7 instead of the aqueous dispersion of the aqueous polyurethane resin obtained in Synthesis Example 1.
- a water-based surface treatment agent was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that each of the above was used.
- Water-based polyurethane resin (“Evafanol HA-68" manufactured by NICCA CHEMICAL CO., LTD., Non-volatile content 35% by mass) 100 parts by mass, water-based pigment ("PSM Black C” manufactured by Mikuni Color Co., Ltd., non-volatile content 31.5% by mass) 10 By mass, 1 part by mass of water-dispersible carbodiimide-based cross-linking agent (“NK Assist CI-02" manufactured by NICCA CHEMICAL CO., LTD., Non-volatile content 40% by mass), and association type thickener ("Neo" manufactured by NICCA CHEMICAL CO., LTD.
- association type thickener (“Neo” manufactured by NICCA CHEMICAL CO., LTD.
- a 100-mesh gravure coater was used to apply the aqueous surface treatment agent obtained in Example or Comparative Example to an amount of 10 to 20 g / m 2 after drying. It was coated so as to be, and dried with hot air at 125 ° C. for 3 minutes to prepare a leather for evaluation having a surface treatment layer.
- the wear resistance and bending resistance of this evaluation leather were evaluated as follows.
- the obtained evaluation leather is cut into a length of about 10 mm and a width of 10 mm, and a 4 mm thick urethane foam (“ER-4” manufactured by Inoac Corporation) is attached to the fiber substrate on the back surface with double-sided tape to perform a Gakushin wear test.
- ER-4 4 mm thick urethane foam
- Set it on the wearer of the machine set the No. 6 cotton fiber on the pedestal side, apply a load of 9.8N and perform a wear test, confirm the change in the appearance of the surface treatment layer, the surface treatment layer is torn, and the back surface
- the number of times of wear until the fiber substrate was exposed was measured. The results are shown in Tables 1 to 3.
- the number of times of wear is one reciprocation, and the larger the number of times of wear, the better the wear resistance.
- the obtained leather for evaluation was cut into a length of about 10 mm and a width of 10 mm, folded in four with the surface treatment layer inside, and a 10 kg weight was placed on the center of the bent leather and left for 24 hours (folding whitening test). ). After this test (10 kg ⁇ 24 hours), peeling (cracking) and whitening of the surface treatment layer were visually confirmed, and the bending resistance was evaluated according to the following criteria. The results are shown in Tables 1 to 3.
- Grade 5 No cracking or whitening is seen in the surface treatment layer of the bent part.
- Grade 4 Partial whitening is seen in the surface treatment layer of the bent part (less than 20% of the whole).
- Grade 3 Whitening is seen on the entire surface treatment layer of the bent part (20% or more of the whole), but no cracking or peeling is seen.
- Grade 2 Whitening is seen on the entire surface treatment layer of the bent part, and some cracks and peeling are seen (less than 70% of the whole).
- Grade 1 Cracks and peeling are seen in the surface treatment layer of the bent part (70% or more of the whole).
- (b) a polyol As shown in Tables 1 to 3, as (b) a polyol, (b1) a polycarbonate diol having a structural unit derived from a diol having a branched structure in which the number of carbon atoms is an integer of 3 to 10 (Example 3) or (Example 3). b2) Polycarbonate diols (Examples 1 to 2 and Examples 4 to 19) having a structural unit derived from a diol having a linear structure having an odd number of carbon atoms of 3 to 9 are used, and (d) trivalent or higher.
- a surface treatment agent containing an aqueous polyurethane resin synthesized with the polyhydric alcohol of the above the leather has excellent wear resistance without impairing the flexibility. Was found to be obtained.
- the leather of the present invention can be suitably used in various industrial fields such as vehicles, furniture, clothing, bags, shoes, bags, miscellaneous goods, etc. Furthermore, a stable and high-quality leather is provided with a surface treatment layer. It can also be suitably used as a product.
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Abstract
Description
先ず、本発明の水性ポリウレタン樹脂について説明する。本発明の水性ポリウレタン樹脂は、(a)有機ポリイソシアネート、(b)ポリオール、(c)アニオン性親水基と少なくとも2個の活性水素とを有する化合物及び(d)多価アルコールの反応生成物であるイソシアネート基末端プレポリマーの中和物の(e)アミノ基及び/又はイミノ基を2個以上有するポリアミンによる鎖伸長物であって、自己乳化型の水性ポリウレタン樹脂である。なお、前記自己乳化型の水性ポリウレタン樹脂における「水性」とは、自己乳化型のポリウレタン樹脂を水に乳化分散させて水中の樹脂分濃度が35質量%である乳化分散液を調製した後に、この乳化分散液を20℃で12時間静置しても分離や沈降が観察されないような状態とすることが可能であることを意味する。
本発明に用いられる(a)有機ポリイソシアネートとしては特に制限はなく、従来より一般に用いられている芳香族、脂肪族及び脂環式のポリイソシアネートが挙げられる。例えば、芳香族ポリイソシアネートとしては、m-フェニレンジイソシアネート、p-フェニレンジイソシアネート、2,4-トリレンジイソシアネート、2,6-トリレンジイソシアネート、4,4’-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート、2,4’-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート、3,3’-ジメチル-4,4’-ビフェニレンジイソシアネート、3,3’-ジクロロ-4,4’-ビフェニレンジイソシアネート、1,5-ナフタレンジイソシアネート、トリジンジイソシアネート、テトラメチレンキシリレンジイソシアネート、キシリレンジイソシアネート等が挙げられる。脂肪族ポリイソシアネートとしては、テトラメチレンジイソシアネート、ペンタメチレンジイソシアネート、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート、ドデカメチレンジイソシアネート、トリメチルヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート、リジンジイソシアネート等が挙げられる。脂環式ポリイソシアネートとしては、イソホロンジイソシアネート、水添キシリレンジイソシアネート、4,4’-ジシクロヘキシルメタンジイソシアネート、3,3’-ジメチル-4,4’-ジシクロヘキシルメタンジイソシアネート、ノルボルナンジイソシアネート、1,3-ビス(イソシアナトメチル)シクロヘキサン等が挙げられる。これらの有機ポリイソシアネートは1種を単独で使用しても2種以上を併用してもよい。また、これらの有機ポリイソシアネートの中でも、得られる水性ポリウレタン樹脂が無黄変性のものとなるという観点から、脂肪族ポリイソシアネート及び脂環式ポリイソシアネートが好ましく、耐熱性の観点から、脂環式ポリイソシアネートがより好ましい。
本発明に用いられる(b)ポリオールは、(b1)炭素数が3~10の整数である分岐構造を有するジオール由来の構造単位を有するポリカーボネートジオール及び(b2)炭素数が3~9の奇数である直鎖構造を有するジオール由来の構造単位を有するポリカーボネートジオールからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含むものである。
本発明に用いられる(c)アニオン性親水基と少なくとも2個の活性水素とを有する化合物は、カルボキシ基、カルボキシレート基、スルホ基、スルホネート基等のアニオン性親水基とヒドロキシ基等の活性水素含有基2個以上とを有する化合物である。この(c)アニオン性親水基と少なくとも2個の活性水素とを有する化合物を共重合させることによって、自己乳化型の水性ポリウレタン樹脂が得られる。前記(c)化合物としては、例えば、2,2-ジメチロールプロピオン酸、2,2-ジメチロールブタン酸、2,2-ジメチロール酪酸、2,2-ジメチロール吉草酸、ジヒドロキシマレイン酸、2,6-ジヒドロキシ安息香酸等が挙げられる。
本発明に用いられる(d)多価アルコールは、少なくとも3個以上の活性水素を有する多価アルコールを含むものである。このような多価アルコールとしては、例えば、トリメチロールプロパン、ペンタエリスリトール、ソルビトール等の3価以上の低分子多価アルコールが挙げられる。また、このような3価以上の低分子多価アルコール又は低分子ポリアルキレンポリアミンに1種又は2種以上のアルキレンオキサイドを付加した分子量500以下の化合物等も前記(d)多価アルコールとして使用することができる。前記低分子量ポリアルキレンポリアミンとしては、エチレンジアミン、ジエチレントリアミン、トリエチレンテトラミン等が挙げられる。前記アルキレンオキサイドとしては、エチレンオキサイド、プロピレンオキサイド、ブチレンオキサイド等が挙げられる。このような多価アルコールのうち、皮革の耐摩耗性と耐屈曲性の観点から、3~4価の多価アルコールが好ましく、3価の多価アルコールがより好ましい。
本発明に用いられる(e)ポリアミンは、アミノ基及び/又はイミノ基を2個以上有するものである。このようなポリアミンとしては、例えば、エチレンジアミン、プロピレンジアミン、テトラメチレンジアミン、ヘキサメチレンジアミン、ジアミノシクロヘキシルメタン、ヒドラジン、2-メチルピペラジン、イソホロンジアミン、ノルボランジアミン、ジアミノジフェニルメタン、トリレンジアミン、キシリレンジアミン等のジアミン;ジエチレントリアミン、トリエチレンテトラミン、テトラエチレンペンタミン、イミノビスプロピルアミン等のポリアミン;ジ第一級アミン及びモノカルボン酸から誘導されるアミドアミン;ジ第一級アミンのモノケチミン等の水溶性アミン誘導体;シュウ酸ジヒドラジド、マロン酸ジヒドラジド、コハク酸ジヒドラジド、グルタル酸ジヒドラジド、アジピン酸ジヒドラジド、セバシン酸ジヒドラジド、マレイン酸ジヒドラジド、フマル酸ジヒドラジド、イタコン酸ジヒドラジド、1,1’-エチレンヒドラジン、1,1’-トリメチレンヒドラジン、1,1’-(1,4-ブチレン)ジヒドラジン等のヒドラジン誘導体が挙げられる。これらのポリアミンは1種を単独で使用しても2種以上を併用してもよい。また、このような(e)ポリアミンの使用量としては、後述するイソシアネート基末端プレポリマーの遊離イソシアネート基に対して、0.8~1.2当量のアミノ基等を含む量が好ましい。
本発明に用いられるイソシアネート基末端プレポリマーは、前記(a)有機ポリイソシアネート、前記(b)ポリオール、前記(c)アニオン性親水基と少なくとも2個の活性水素とを有する化合物及び前記(d)多価アルコールの反応生成物である。
本発明に用いられるイソシアネート基末端プレポリマーの中和物は、前記イソシアネート基末端プレポリマー中のアニオン性親水基が中和されたものである。このようなイソシアネート基末端プレポリマーの中和物は、(i)前記(a)有機ポリイソシアネート、前記(b)ポリオール、前記(c)アニオン性親水基と少なくとも2個の活性水素とを有する化合物及び前記(d)多価アルコールを反応させて得られるイソシアネート基末端プレポリマー中のアニオン性親水基を公知の方法で中和することによって製造してもよいし、(ii)前記(a)有機ポリイソシアネート、前記(b)ポリオール、前記(c)アニオン性親水基と少なくとも2個の活性水素とを有する化合物及び前記(d)多価アルコールを混合した後、前記(c)化合物中のアニオン性親水基を公知の方法で中和し、次いで、この中和した前記(c)化合物、前記(a)有機ポリイソシアネート、前記(b)ポリオール及び前記(d)多価アルコールを反応させることによって製造してもよい。また、前記イソシアネート基末端プレポリマーの中和物は、(iii)前記(a)有機ポリイソシアネート、前記(b)ポリオール、前記アニオン性親水基がアニオン性親水基の塩である前記(c)化合物及び前記(d)多価アルコールを反応させることによって製造することもできる。
本発明の水性ポリウレタン樹脂は、前記イソシアネート基末端プレポリマーの中和物を、前記(e)ポリアミンを用いて鎖伸長させたもの(鎖伸長物)である。
前記イソシアネート基末端プレポリマー中和物の鎖伸長に際しては、先ず、前記イソシアネート基末端プレポリマー中和物を水に乳化分散させる。乳化分散の方法としては特に制限はなく、例えば、ホモミキサー、ホモジナイザー、ディスパー等を用いた従来公知の方法が挙げられる。前記イソシアネート基末端プレポリマー中和物は、特に乳化剤を添加しなくても、0~40℃の範囲内の温度で水に乳化分散させることが可能である。これにより、イソシアネート基と水との反応を抑制することができる。また、前記イソシアネート基末端プレポリマー中和物を乳化分散させる際には、必要に応じて、燐酸、燐酸二水素ナトリウム、燐酸水素二ナトリウム、パラトルエンスルホン酸、アジピン酸、塩化ベンゾイル等の反応抑制剤を添加してもよい。
次に、このようにして水に乳化分散させた前記イソシアネート基末端プレポリマー中和物を、前記(e)ポリアミンを用いて鎖伸長させることにより、本発明の水性ポリウレタン樹脂が形成される。
次に、本発明の表面処理剤について説明する。本発明の表面処理剤は、少なくとも(a)有機ポリイソシアネート、(b)ポリオール及び(d)多価アルコールの反応生成物であるイソシアネート基末端プレポリマー又はその中和物の(e)アミノ基及び/又はイミノ基を2個以上有するポリアミンによる鎖伸長物である水性ポリウレタン樹脂を含有するものである。なお、本発明の表面処理剤に用いられる(a)有機ポリイソシアネート、(b)ポリオール及び(d)多価アルコールは、前記本発明の水性ポリウレタン樹脂において説明した(a)有機ポリイソシアネート、(b)ポリオール及び(d)多価アルコールと同じものである。
本発明の表面処理剤に用いられる強制乳化型ポリウレタン樹脂は、前記(a)有機ポリイソシアネート、前記(b)ポリオール及び前記(d)多価アルコールの反応生成物であるイソシアネート基末端プレポリマーを、乳化剤を用いて水に乳化分散させた状態で、前記(e)アミノ基及び/又はイミノ基を2個以上有するポリアミンによって鎖伸長させたものである。
前記強制乳化型水性ポリウレタン樹脂に用いられるイソシアネート基末端プレポリマーは、前記(a)有機ポリイソシアネート、前記(b)ポリオール及び前記(d)多価アルコールの反応生成物であって、アニオン性親水基のないイソシアネート基末端プレポリマーである。
前記強制乳化型水性ポリウレタン樹脂は、前記アニオン性親水基のないイソシアネート基末端プレポリマーを、乳化剤を用いて水に乳化分散させた状態で、前記(e)アミノ基及び/又はイミノ基を2個以上有するポリアミンを用いて鎖伸長させることによって得られるものである。
前記アニオン性親水基のないイソシアネート基末端プレポリマーを乳化分散させる方法としては、前記イソシアネート基末端プレポリマー中和物の代わりに前記アニオン性親水基のないイソシアネート基末端プレポリマーを用い、これを乳化剤を用いて水に乳化分散させることを除いて、前記本発明の水性ポリウレタン樹脂におけるイソシアネート基末端プレポリマー中和物の乳化分散方法と同様の方法を採用することができる。
非イオン界面活性剤中のオキシエチレン基部分の分子量×20/非イオン界面活性剤の分子量
によって得られる値である。
このようにして水に乳化分散させた前記アニオン性親水基のないイソシアネート基末端プレポリマーを鎖伸長させる方法としては、前記水に乳化分散させた前記イソシアネート基末端プレポリマー中和物の代わりに前記乳化剤を用いて水に乳化分散させた前記アニオン性親水基のないイソシアネート基末端プレポリマーを用いることを除いて、前記本発明の水性ポリウレタン樹脂におけるイソシアネート基末端プレポリマー中和物の鎖伸長方法と同様の方法を採用することができる。
本発明の表面処理剤は、このような水性ポリウレタン樹脂(例えば、前記自己乳化型水性ポリウレタン樹脂又は前記強制乳化型水性ポリウレタン樹脂、好ましくは、前記自己乳化型水性ポリウレタン樹脂)を含有するものである。このような表面処理剤を用いて皮革用基材の表面を処理することによって、前記皮革用基材の表面に前記表面処理剤により表面処理層が形成されるため、色や光沢、風合い、触感等が調整され、さらに、耐摩耗性が向上する。
前記水性ポリウレタン樹脂以外の樹脂としては、例えば、アクリル系樹脂が挙げられる。前記アクリル系樹脂に用いられるアクリル系モノマーとしては、(メタ)アクリル酸メチル、(メタ)アクリル酸エチル、(メタ)アクリル酸2-エチルヘキシル、(メタ)アクリル酸ラウリル、(メタ)アクリル酸ステアリル、(メタ)アクリル酸シクロヘキシル、(メタ)アクリル酸イソボルニル、(メタ)アクリル酸ベンジル、(メタ)アクリル酸、(メタ)アクリル酸グリシジル、(メタ)アクリル酸ジメチルアミノエチル、(メタ)アクリル酸ジエチルアミノエチル、(メタ)アクリル酸2-ヒドロキシエチル、(メタ)アクリル酸2-ヒドロキシプロピル等の(メタ)アクリル酸及びその誘導体が挙げられる。ここで、(メタ)アクリル酸とは、アクリル酸又はメタクリル酸を表す。また、これらのアクリル系モノマーは1種を単独で使用しても2種以上を併用してもよい。
本発明の表面処理剤においては、皮革表面の艶感・光沢を調整するために、艶消し剤を配合してもよい。このような艶消し剤としては、例えば、有機ビーズ、シリカ粒子、タルク、水酸化アルミニウム、硫酸カルシウム、ケイ酸カルシウム、炭酸カルシウム、炭酸マグネシウム、炭酸バリウム、アルミナシリケート、カオリン、雲母、及びマイカ等が挙げられる。これらの艶消し剤は1種を単独で使用しても2種以上を併用してもよい。
本発明の表面処理剤においては、皮革表面の平滑性及び耐摩耗性を向上させるために、平滑剤を配合してもよい。このような平滑剤としては、例えば、ポリジメチルシリコーン、ハイドロジェン変性シリコーン、ビニル変性シリコーン、エポキシ変性シリコーン、アミノ変性シリコーン、カルボキシル変性シリコーン、ハロゲン化変性シリコーン、メタクリロキシ変性シリコーン、メルカプト変性シリコーン、フッ素変性シリコーン、アルキル変性シリコーン、フェニル変性シリコーン、ポリエーテル変性シリコーン等が挙げられる。これらの平滑剤は1種を単独で使用しても2種以上を併用してもよい。また、これらの平滑剤の中でも、耐摩耗性の向上効果が大きいという観点から、ポリジメチルシリコーン及びエポキシ変性シリコーンが好ましい。
本発明の表面処理剤においては、適切な粘度に調整するために、増粘剤を配合してもよい。このような増粘剤としては、例えば、アルカリ増粘型アクリル樹脂、会合型増粘剤、水溶性有機高分子等が挙げられる。これらの増粘剤は1種を単独で使用しても2種以上を併用してもよい。
本発明の表面処理剤においては、皮革の耐水性及び耐久性を向上させるために、架橋剤を配合してもよい。このような架橋剤としては、カルボジイミド系架橋剤、イソシアネート系架橋剤、エポキシ系架橋剤、オキサゾリン系架橋剤、アジリジン系架橋剤、ブロックイソシアネート系架橋剤、水分散イソシアネート系架橋剤、メラミン系架橋剤等が挙げられる。これらの架橋剤は1種を単独で使用しても2種以上を併用してもよい。また、これらの架橋剤は、本発明の表面処理剤に含まれる水性ポリウレタン樹脂が自己乳化型又は強制乳化型のいずれの場合にも配合することができるが、カルボキシル基を有する自己乳化型水性ポリウレタン樹脂の場合には、これらの架橋剤の中でも、風合い、加工液の安定性の観点から、カルボジイミド系架橋剤を配合することが特に好ましい。
本発明の皮革は、皮革用基材と、前記基材の表面に前記本発明の表面処理剤により形成された表面処理層とを備えるものである。このような皮革製品としては、合成皮革、人工皮革、天然皮革、ポリ塩化ビニル(PVC)レザーを用いた車両用内装材、オートバイのシート・グリップ、スポーツ靴、衣料、家具等が挙げられる。
ウレタンプレポリマー0.3gを三角フラスコに採取し、0.1Nジブチルアミントルエン溶液10mlを加えてウレタンプレポリマーを溶解させた。次いで、ブロモフェノールブルー液を数滴加え、0.1N塩酸メタノール溶液で滴定し、下記式:
NCO%=(a-b)×0.42×f/x
(前記式中、a:0.1Nジブチルアミントルエン溶液10mlのみを滴定した場合の0.1N塩酸メタノール液の滴定量、b:ウレタンプレポリマーを溶解させた溶液を滴定した場合の0.1N塩酸メタノール液の滴定量、f:0.1N塩酸メタノール液のファクター、x:ウレタンプレポリマー量)
により遊離イソシアネート基含有量NCO%を求めた。
H12MDI:ジシクロヘキシルメタン4,4’-ジイソシアナート(コベストロ社製「デスモジュールW」)。
IPDI:イソホロンジイソシアナート(エボニックジャパン株式会社製「VESTANAT(R)IPDI」)。
1,5-PDI:1,5-ペンタメチレンジイソシアネート。
HDI:ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート。
MDI:ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート。
T5652:旭化成ケミカルズ株式会社製ポリカーボネートジオール(1,5-ペンタンジオール/1,6-ヘキサンジオール)、商品名「デュラノールT5652」、重量平均分子量2000。
T5651:旭化成ケミカルズ株式会社製ポリカーボネートジオール(1,5-ペンタンジオール/1,6-ヘキサンジオール)、商品名「デュラノールT5651」、重量平均分子量1000。
C2090:株式会社クラレ製ポリカーボネートジオール(3メチル-1,5-ペンタンジオール/1,6-ヘキサンジオール)、商品名「クラレポリオールC-2090」、重量平均分子量2000。
UP200:宇部興産株式会社製ポリカーボネートジオール(2-メチル-1,3-プロパンジオール)、商品名「ETERNACOLL UP-200」、重量平均分子量2000。
HS PD2003:豊国製油株式会社製ポリカーボネートジオール(1,3-プロパンジオール)、商品名「HS PD-2003」、重量平均分子量2000。
NL2010DB:三菱化学株式会社製ポリカーボネートジオール(1,4-ブタンジオール/1,10-デカンジオール)、商品名「ベネビオールNL-2010DB」、重量平均分子量2000。
T6002:旭化成ケミカルズ株式会社製ポリカーボネートジオール(1,6-ヘキサンジオール)、商品名「デュラノールT6002」、重量平均分子量2000。
T6001:旭化成ケミカルズ株式会社製ポリカーボネートジオール(1,6-ヘキサンジオール)、商品名「デュラノールT6001」、重量平均分子量1000。
T4692:旭化成ケミカルズ株式会社製ポリカーボネートジオール(1,4-ブタンジオール/1,6-ヘキサンジオール)、商品名「デュラノールT4692」、重量平均分子量2000。
PTMG2000:三菱化学株式会社製ポリテトラメチレンエーテルグリコール、商品名「PTMG2000」、重量平均分子量2000。
1,3-BD:1,3-ブタンジオール。
TMP:トリメチロールプロパン。
DMPA:ジメチロールプロピオン酸。
TEA:トリエチルアミン。
EDA:エチレンジアミン。
DETA:ジエチレントリアミン。
攪拌機、還流冷却管、温度計及び窒素吹込み管を備えた4ツ口フラスコに、(b1)ポリカーボネートジオールとしてポリカーボネートジオール(1,5-ペンタンジオール/1,6-ヘキサンジオール)(旭化成ケミカルズ株式会社製「デュラノールT5652」、数平均分子量2000)71.7質量部、(d)多価アルコールとしてトリメチロールプロパン0.4質量部、(c)アニオン性親水基/活性水素含有化合物としてジメチロールプロピオン酸3.1質量部、及びメチルエチルケトン42.2質量部を仕込み、均一に混合した後、(a)有機ポリイソシアネートとしてジシクロヘキシルメタンジイソシアネート23.5質量部、ビスマストリス(2-エチルヘキサノエート)0.03質量部を加え、80℃で240分間反応させ、イソシアネート基末端プレポリマーに対する遊離イソシアネート基含有量が2.29質量%のイソシアネート基末端ウレタンプレポリマーのメチルエチルケトン溶液を得た。
表1~表3に示す種類及び量の有機ポリイソシアネート、ポリオール、多価アルコール、アニオン性親水基含有ポリオール、中和アミン及び鎖伸長剤を用いた以外は合成例1と同様にして水性ポリウレタン樹脂の水分散液(樹脂分35.0質量%)を得た。得られた水性ポリウレタン樹脂の水分散液における、(b)ポリオール全量に占めるポリカーボネートジオール(b1)及び(b2)の合計量の割合、(b)ポリオール、(c)アニオン性親水基/活性水素含有化合物及び(d)多価アルコールの合計量に対する(d)多価アルコールの割合、前記イソシアネート基末端ウレタンプレポリマーにおける遊離イソシアネート基含有量、前記水性ポリウレタン樹脂におけるアニオン性親水基含有量、水性ポリウレタン樹脂の粒子径、水性ポリウレタン樹脂の水分散液の粘度を表1~表3に示す。
合成例1で得られた水性ポリウレタン樹脂の水分散液286質量部(樹脂分35質量%)、艶消し剤として乾式法で製造されたシリカ粒子(エボニックデグサ社製「ACEMATT TS 100」、平均粒子径:10μm)7質量部及びウレタンビーズ(根上工業株式会社製「アートパールP-800T」、平均粒子径:6μm、Tg=-34℃)30質量部、平滑剤(信越化学工業株式会社製「KM-862T」、不揮発分60質量%)40質量部、会合型増粘剤(サンノプコ株式会社製「SNシックナー612」、不揮発分40質量%)12質量部、イオン交換水343質量部、並びに水分散性カルボジイミド系架橋剤(日清紡ケミカル株式会社製「カルボジライトSV-02」、不揮発分40質量%)12質量部を、ディスパーを用いて均一に混合し、水性の表面処理剤を調製した。
合成例1で得られた水性ポリウレタン樹脂の水分散液の代わりに合成例2~19及び比較合成例1~7で得られた水性ポリウレタン樹脂の水分散液286質量部(樹脂分35質量%)をそれぞれ用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして水性の表面処理剤を調製した。
水性ポリウレタン樹脂(日華化学株式会社製「エバファノールHA-68」、不揮発分35質量%)100質量部、水性顔料(御国色素株式会社製「PSMブラックC」、不揮発分31.5質量%)10質量部、水分散性カルボジイミド系架橋剤(日華化学株式会社製「NKアシストCI-02」、不揮発分40質量%)1質量部、及び会合型増粘剤(日華化学株式会社製「ネオステッカーS」)3質量部を配合した表皮層用塗材を、離型紙(朝日ロール株式会社製「アサヒリリースAR-148」)上に、塗布厚100μm(WET塗布量)で塗布した。乾燥機を用いて80℃で2分間予備乾燥し、その後、120℃で3分間乾燥を行い、水分を完全に蒸発させ、ポリウレタン樹脂フィルム(以下、「表皮層」という。)を得た。
得られた繊維積層体の表皮層上に、100メッシュのグラビアコーターを用いて、実施例又は比較例で得られた水性の表面処理剤を、乾燥後の塗布量が10~20g/m2になるように塗工し、125℃で3分間熱風乾燥させ、表面処理層を有する評価用皮革を作製した。この評価用皮革の耐摩耗性及び耐屈曲性を以下のようにして評価した。
得られた評価用皮革を長さ約10mm×幅10mmにカットし、裏面の繊維基材へ厚み4mmのウレタンフォーム(イノアックコーポレーション製「ER-4」)を両面テープで貼り付け、学振摩耗試験機の摩耗子へセットし、6号綿帆布を台座側へセットし、9.8Nの荷重をかけて摩耗試験を行い、表面処理層の外観変化を確認し、表面処理層が破れ、裏面の繊維基材が露出するまでの摩耗回数を測定した。その結果を表1~表3に示す。なお、摩耗回数は1往復を1回とし、摩耗回数が多いほど耐摩耗性が優れていることを意味する。
得られた評価用皮革を長さ約10mm×幅10mmにカットし、表面処理層を内側にして4つ折りにし、折れ曲がった皮革の中央部に10kgのおもりをのせ、24時間放置した(折り曲げ白化試験)。この試験(10kg×24時間)後、表面処理層の剥がれ(割れ)や白化を目視で確認し、下記基準で耐屈曲性を評価した。その結果を表1~表3に示す。
5級:折り曲げ部の表面処理層に割れや白化が見られない。
4級:折り曲げ部の表面処理層に一部白化が見られる(全体の20%未満)。
3級:折り曲げ部の表面処理層全体に白化が見られる(全体の20%以上)が、割れや剥がれは見られない。
2級:折り曲げ部の表面処理層全体に白化が見られ、割れ・剥がれが一部見られる(全体の70%未満)。
1級:折り曲げ部の表面処理層に割れ・剥がれが見られる(全体の70%以上)。
Claims (9)
- (a)有機ポリイソシアネート、(b)ポリオール、(c)アニオン性親水基と少なくとも2個の活性水素とを有する化合物及び(d)多価アルコールの反応生成物であるイソシアネート基末端プレポリマーの中和物の(e)アミノ基及び/又はイミノ基を2個以上有するポリアミンによる鎖伸長物である水性ポリウレタン樹脂であって、
前記(b)ポリオールが、(b1)炭素数が3~10の整数である分岐構造を有するジオール由来の構造単位を有するポリカーボネートジオール及び(b2)炭素数が3~9の奇数である直鎖構造を有するジオール由来の構造単位を有するポリカーボネートジオールからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含むものであり、
前記(d)多価アルコールが、少なくとも3個以上の活性水素を有する多価アルコールを含むものである、水性ポリウレタン樹脂。 - 前記(b1)ポリカーボネートジオールが、炭素数が3~10の整数である分岐構造を有するジオールに由来する構造単位と炭素数が3~10の整数である直鎖構造を有するジオールに由来する構造単位とを有するポリカーボネートジオールであり、
前記(b2)ポリカーボネートジオールが、炭素数が3~9の奇数である直鎖構造を有するジオールに由来する構造単位と炭素数が4~10の偶数である直鎖構造を有するジオールに由来する構造単位とを有するポリカーボネートジオール、及び、炭素数が3~9の奇数である直鎖構造を有するジオールのみに由来する構造単位を有するポリカーボネートジオールからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である、請求項1に記載の水性ポリウレタン樹脂。 - 前記(b)ポリオールにおける前記ポリカーボネートジオール(b1)及び(b2)の合計量の割合が40質量%以上である、請求項1又は2に記載の水性ポリウレタン樹脂。
- 前記(b)ポリオール、前記(c)アニオン性親水基と少なくとも2個の活性水素とを有する化合物及び前記(d)多価アルコールの合計量に対する前記(d)多価アルコールの割合が0.1~1.5質量%である、請求項1~3のうちのいずれか一項に記載の水性ポリウレタン樹脂。
- 前記イソシアネート基末端プレポリマーにおける遊離イソシアネート基の含有量が0.2~4.0質量%である、請求項1~4のうちのいずれか一項に記載の水性ポリウレタン樹脂。
- 前記(a)有機ポリイソシアネートが、脂肪族ポリイソシアネート及び脂環式ポリイソシアネートからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である、請求項1~5のうちのいずれか一項に記載の水性ポリウレタン樹脂。
- 少なくとも(a)有機ポリイソシアネート、(b)ポリオール及び(d)多価アルコールの反応生成物であるイソシアネート基末端プレポリマー又はその中和物の(e)アミノ基及び/又はイミノ基を2個以上有するポリアミンによる鎖伸長物である水性ポリウレタン樹脂を含有する表面処理剤であって、
前記(b)ポリオールが、(b1)炭素数が3~10の整数である分岐構造を有するジオール由来の構造単位を有するポリカーボネートジオール及び(b2)炭素数が3~9の奇数である直鎖構造を有するジオール由来の構造単位を有するポリカーボネートジオールからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含むものであり、
前記(d)多価アルコールが、少なくとも3個以上の活性水素を有する多価アルコールを含むものである、表面処理剤。 - 前記水性ポリウレタン樹脂が請求項1~6のうちのいずれか一項に記載の水性ポリウレタン樹脂である、請求項7に記載の表面処理剤。
- 皮革用基材と、前記基材の表面に請求項7又は8に記載の表面処理剤により形成された表面処理層とを備えている、皮革。
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