WO2022090395A1 - Procédé de détermination d'un temps d'ouverture d'un injecteur pourvu d'une électrovanne, programme informatique, appareil de commande, moteur à combustion interne et véhicule automobile - Google Patents

Procédé de détermination d'un temps d'ouverture d'un injecteur pourvu d'une électrovanne, programme informatique, appareil de commande, moteur à combustion interne et véhicule automobile Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022090395A1
WO2022090395A1 PCT/EP2021/079986 EP2021079986W WO2022090395A1 WO 2022090395 A1 WO2022090395 A1 WO 2022090395A1 EP 2021079986 W EP2021079986 W EP 2021079986W WO 2022090395 A1 WO2022090395 A1 WO 2022090395A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
time
armature
opening
delay time
curve
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2021/079986
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Philipp Hackmann
Daniel Leineweber
Daniel AUGUST
Original Assignee
Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft
Priority to EP21806159.6A priority Critical patent/EP4237675A1/fr
Priority to CN202180063823.7A priority patent/CN116324149A/zh
Publication of WO2022090395A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022090395A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D2041/2003—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils using means for creating a boost voltage, i.e. generation or use of a voltage higher than the battery voltage, e.g. to speed up injector opening
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
    • F02D2041/2055—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit with means for determining actual opening or closing time

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for determining an opening time of an injector with a solenoid valve and a computer program, a control device, an internal combustion engine and a motor vehicle.
  • injectors are used to inject fuel directly into a combustion chamber.
  • An engine control unit controls the switching valve integrated in the injectors, which causes an injection nozzle to open and close again.
  • the quantity of fuel injected can be determined by way of an opening duration of the switching valve.
  • solenoid valve injectors When solenoid valve injectors are actuated electrically, opening and closing of these valves can only take place with a delay.
  • the distortion of the individual injectors is subject to tolerances, with the result that the injectors have different opening durations with the same activation duration. This results in an undesirable uneven distribution of the fuel mass.
  • WO 2011/012518 A1 describes a method for operating a solenoid valve of an injector.
  • the solenoid valve has a valve element with a valve needle and an armature that can be moved by means of an electromagnet.
  • the solenoid valve is closed, for example, in the de-energized state.
  • the lift-off delay--the opening movement of the valve element begins, which is limited by a stroke stop.
  • the stroke stop is used to determine the end of movement of the valve element.
  • the lift-off delay can be determined from the start of actuation, the end of movement and the previously determined movement time ("flight time") of the valve element.
  • the lift-off delay corresponds to a period of time between the start of energizing an armature winding (“start of control”) and the lift-off of the valve needle from its seat.
  • a first delay time is determined, which is a temporal che difference characterized between a point in time of a first change in a control signal for the valve and a point in time of a first change in the operating state of the valve that corresponds to the first change in the control signal.
  • a second delay time of the valve is deduced, which characterizes a time difference between a point in time of a second change in the control signal that differs from the first change and a point in time of a second change that corresponds to the second change in the control signal Change in operating status of the valve.
  • EP 2 685 074 A1 describes a method for detecting an opening of an electromagnetically actuated fuel injection valve, which is actuated by applying a control signal.
  • a coil voltage of the fuel injection valve is monitored from the time the injection valve closes, and a length of a curve segment with the same sign is determined from the second derivation of the coil voltage. If the length of the curve segment exceeds a calibrated threshold, it is concluded that the injector is open.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an improved method for determining an opening time of an injector with a solenoid valve, an improved computer program, an improved control unit, an improved internal combustion engine and an improved motor vehicle.
  • a first aspect of the invention relates to a method for determining an opening time of an injector with a solenoid valve.
  • the procedure includes:
  • the injector with the solenoid valve also known as the solenoid valve injector, is used to inject fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
  • the injector is actuated electromagnetically.
  • the injector has a coil for generating a magnetic field, so that the coil can be used as an electromagnet.
  • a current can be applied to the coil, which creates the magnetic field.
  • the magnetic force exceeds a prestressing force of the prestressing element.
  • the armature arranged on the valve needle can be moved by the magnetic force in such a way that the armature entrains the valve needle and moves it against the prestressing force. This lifts the valve needle out of the valve seat, releases the valve opening and thus opens the solenoid valve.
  • the current applied to the coil is switched off so that there is no longer a magnetic field. As a result, the valve needle is pressed back into the valve seat by the pretensioning element and the valve opening is blocked, so that the solenoid valve is again in its closed valve position.
  • the opening time of the injector is when the valve needle lifts out of the valve seat and exposes the valve opening so that fuel can be injected into the combustion chamber.
  • the opening time is the time when the valve needle is initially lifted off the valve seat.
  • the opening time of the injector or the solenoid valve is determined with the method. Consequently, a driving current for generating the magnetic field of the coil is applied to start the opening phase of the solenoid valve.
  • the armature impact time is determined at which the armature strikes the valve needle.
  • the armature impact time is determined at which the armature strikes the valve needle.
  • the armature impact time is therefore the point at which the armature strikes the armature stop of the valve needle (during the opening phase of the solenoid valve).
  • An armature free path can be derived from the armature impact time, which corresponds to a movement distance of the armature from the rest position to impact with the stroke stop of the valve.
  • the opening delay time is also determined, which corresponds to the time span between the armature impact time and the opening time of the solenoid valve.
  • the anchor moves in the direction of the anchor stop and finally strikes there.
  • the pretensioning force must be overcome.
  • This opening delay time describes the time between the impact of the armature on the armature stop and the actual opening of the solenoid valve.
  • the opening delay time depends significantly on the prestressing force of the prestressing element in the injector.
  • the opening delay time also depends on the magnetic force generated by the energized coil. In other words, the opening delay time is dependent on an electromagnetic actuator of the injector, which includes the pretensioning element, the coil, the valve needle with the rest seat and the armature stop, and the armature.
  • the influence of the prestressing element can be taken into account with a model, for example. This can be an empirical and/or mathematical model. In other embodiments, the opening delay time can be approximated with a constant time period.
  • the opening time of the solenoid valve is determined based on the armature impact time and the opening delay time.
  • the opening time can be determined by adding the opening delay time to the armature impact time.
  • the opening time for a solenoid valve injector can be determined comparatively easily and precisely with the method.
  • the method takes into account the design and/or dimensioning of the elements of the solenoid valve injector, such as the electromagnetic actuator, which depends on the inductance of the coil (which results from the number of turns in the coil, the dimensions of the coil and, if applicable, one of the coil results in trapped material), the armature free travel on the valve needle, etc. may depend.
  • the armature impact time can be determined by evaluating a voltage profile.
  • the voltage curve means the curve of the voltage applied to the coil.
  • the voltage curve can be recorded particularly easily and precisely using appropriate measurement technology. In this way, for example, the raw voltage signal can be recorded. Consequently, the armature impact time can be determined particularly easily and precisely by evaluating the stress profile.
  • the evaluation of the voltage profile can include an evaluation of a first time derivative of the voltage profile.
  • a change in the course of the first derivative of the voltage course can be observed due to a change in speed and a moving mass of the armature and/or the valve needle.
  • the armature impact time can thus be determined comparatively precisely and simply by evaluating the first time derivative of the voltage profile.
  • the armature impact time can correspond to an extreme value in the first time derivative of the voltage profile.
  • “Extreme value” means that the first time derivative shows a maximum or a minimum at the time of anchor impact. The maximum and the minimum are a maximum and a minimum value.
  • the determination of the anchor impact time can also include:
  • I can determine a sudden drop in gradient in the first time derivative of the voltage curve.
  • the point in time of the abrupt drop in gradient corresponds to the point in time of the armature impact.
  • the above steps for determining the armature impact time result from the assumption that the first derivation of the voltage profile can be approximated using two straight lines, namely a first straight line coming from the start time and a second straight line coming from the end time.
  • the incline of the first straight line is constant until the abrupt drop in incline ("kink") is exceeded during the forward pass.
  • a difference quotient describes the ratio of the change in a first variable to the change in a second variable, with the first variable being dependent on the second variable.
  • the difference quotient can be used, for example, to determine the slope of a linear function.
  • the ratio between a distance between measured values that are determined at a first point in time and a second point in time and a distance between the first and second point in time can be determined.
  • the times can be chosen arbitrarily.
  • the first point in time can be a current point in time within the underlying evaluation period, with the current point in time always being a current journal of a predetermined time-discrete evaluation grid (computing grid).
  • the measured values are determined by the evaluation grid at (measurement) times that are (essentially) equidistant from one another.
  • the second point in time can be constant, e.g.
  • the second point in time can be the start point in time or the end point in time of the evaluation period.
  • the term "difference quotient” explicitly includes both positive and negative values, ie geometrically, the gradient triangle, which is well known for determining a difference quotient, can be oriented in the direction of the x-axis (usually a time axis) or in the opposite direction of the x-axis . "Difference quotient curve" means the curve of the difference quotient over a certain period of time.
  • the first difference quotient curve is formed over the evaluation period and is based on the start time. This means that the difference quotient over the entire evaluation time - space for each (measuring) point in time the difference quotient is determined in relation to the starting time.The same applies to the second difference quotient profile.
  • the first difference quotient curve and the second difference quotient curve can be determined as follows: whereby
  • auxiliary function is formed.
  • the auxiliary function is formed in such a way that the first and the second difference quotient profile can be compared directly with one another.
  • the auxiliary function can thus include the quotient (the ratio) from the first and the second differential quotient profile.
  • the auxiliary function can correspond to the quotient from the first and the second difference quotient profile.
  • the auxiliary function can be the second difference quotient profile divided by the first difference quotient profile or vice versa.
  • the auxiliary function can also include further parameters. If the auxiliary function is formed as a quotient, in some examples the first differential quotient curve and the second differential quotient curve are formed in such a way that the auxiliary function always supplies positive values. Alternatively can the auxiliary function can also be formed in such a way that it includes an absolute value of the quotient.
  • the auxiliary function can, for example, correspond to an absolute value of the quotient of the first differential quotient profile and the second differential quotient profile.
  • the auxiliary function can include a difference between the first difference quotient curve and the second difference quotient curve.
  • the auxiliary function can correspond to the difference between the first difference quotient curve and the second difference quotient curve.
  • the auxiliary function can be, for example, the second difference quotient course minus the first difference quotient or vice versa.
  • the first and the second difference quotient course can be evaluated with the help function.
  • the auxiliary function can be used to identify the point in time at which the distance between the first difference quotient curve and the second difference quotient curve is greatest. At this point in time there is then an extreme value in the auxiliary function.
  • the anchor impact time corresponds to the extreme value in the auxiliary function.
  • the armature impact time is present when the auxiliary function has the extreme value.
  • the extreme value can be a maximum or minimum value.
  • the armature impact time (based on the first time derivative) can be calculated and thus easily determined.
  • the auxiliary function can be formed as follows: With The symbols used here are already described above. If the auxiliary function is formed in this way, the armature impact time corresponds to a peak in the form of an extreme value.
  • the voltage profile can include the voltage profile during a boost phase.
  • the boost phase is a phase during an opening control of the solenoid valve, in which a high voltage, the so-called booster voltage, is applied to the solenoid valve, which can be up to 100 volts, for example.
  • the voltage profile can be evaluated when the boost phase is present. The method can thus be carried out in a particularly resource-efficient manner, for example, on a control unit.
  • the opening delay time can be determined using a model that simulates an operating behavior, in particular an opening behavior and a closing behavior, of the solenoid valve.
  • the opening behavior depends (among other things) on the electromagnetic actuator of the injector and largely on the pretensioning element of the electromagnetic actuator. Accordingly, the closing behavior also depends on it. There is thus a strong correlation between the opening behavior and the closing behavior. In this way, conclusions can be drawn about the opening behavior of the magnetic valve from the closing behavior of the magnetic valve. Since the closing behavior can be determined comparatively easily using known methods and the opening behavior has a strong correlation to the closing behavior, the opening delay time can be determined particularly easily using the above-mentioned operating behavior model.
  • the opening delay time can be determined as a function of a closing delay time of the injector. In other words, the opening delay time can be determined based on the closing delay time.
  • the closing delay time is the time between switching off the current to the coil and closing the solenoid valve. Since there is a strong correlation between the opening behavior and the closing behavior of the solenoid valve, the opening delay time also correlates strongly with the closing delay time.
  • the opening delay time can be determined using an opening delay time model.
  • the above performance model may include the open delay time model.
  • the above performance model may be the open delay time model.
  • the opening delay time model can, for example, be a characteristic curve or a characteristic map.
  • the opening delay time model is constructed in such a way that the closing delay time is used as the input variable and the opening delay time for the injector is the output variable.
  • an opening delay time characteristic curve can be used in that the opening delay time is plotted against the closing delay time.
  • the closing delay time is usually particularly easy to determine with the help of measurement technology and appropriate evaluation. Consequently, with knowledge of the closing delay time, the opening delay time can be inferred particularly easily with the aid of the opening delay time model.
  • the opening delay time model can be determined as follows.
  • the closing delay time of the injector for different activation times is determined for an injector using a large number of tests.
  • a control time is a duration of the energization of the coil. Methods that are already known can be used to determine the closing delay time, such as, for example, the evaluation of a second time derivative of the voltage profile at the coil after the activation current has been switched off.
  • an average closing delay time for the injector is formed from the test results.
  • a prestressing force indicator (prestressing element model) for the injector can be derived from the mean closing delay time, the prestressing force indicator corresponding at least to a measure of the prestressing force of the prestressing element.
  • the opening delay time of the injector for different activation times is determined with a large number of tests on the test bench and an average opening delay time is formed from this.
  • the average closing delay time and the average opening delay time can be compared with an actual flow rate of the injector.
  • the actual flow depends on the actual closing delay time and the actual opening delay time.
  • the relationship between the average opening delay time and the average closing delay time can be adjusted. This relationship can finally be stored in the opening delay time model.
  • the (mean) opening delay time can be determined as a function of the preload force or the preload force indicator and the (mean) closing delay time.
  • the procedure for determining the opening delay time model can be carried out for different injectors, so that the model can depict a large number of injectors.
  • the opening delay time may depend on the biasing force of the biasing element of the solenoid valve.
  • the biasing member urges the solenoid valve to the closed position.
  • the preload force of the preload element can be approximated by a preload element model.
  • the prestressing force can be determined particularly easily, at least approximately, via the prestressing element model.
  • the prestressing element model can be determined mathematically and/or empirically, for example.
  • the biasing element model may be derived from the mean closing delay time.
  • the prestressing element model is used to determine the opening delay time. The influence of the prestressing element on the opening delay time can be taken into account in a particularly simple manner by means of the prestressing element model.
  • the open delay time may be a predetermined constant amount of time.
  • the predetermined constant period of time can depend on the injector and can be determined by preliminary tests on the test bench.
  • the predetermined constant time period can be stored in the control unit for the internal combustion engine. As a result, the use of the predetermined period of time as the opening delay time is particularly resource-efficient, since no calculations or evaluations (in the control unit) have to be carried out to determine the opening delay time.
  • a further aspect of the invention relates to a method for determining the opening time of the injector.
  • the method according to the further aspect comprises:
  • the alternative method is suitable for solenoid valve injectors that are designed without an armature and/or an armature freewheel.
  • the opening time corresponds to the time at which the second extreme value is present in the second derivation.
  • the relevant second extreme value is the second peak in the above double peak structure.
  • the second extreme value corresponds to the second maximum (in terms of time) in the second derivation of the voltage profile during the boost phase.
  • the voltage curve on the coil can be recorded using suitable measurement technology.
  • the second derivation can thus be determined based on the voltage profile.
  • a second aspect of the invention relates to a computer program which includes instructions which, when the program is executed by a computer, cause the latter to execute one of the methods described above.
  • the computer program can be stored on an electrical storage medium.
  • a third aspect of the invention relates to a control unit that is set up to carry out one of the methods described above.
  • a fourth aspect of the invention relates to an internal combustion engine.
  • the internal combustion engine can have the injector described above and can be controlled via the above control unit.
  • the internal combustion engine is set up and designed to carry out one of the methods described above.
  • a fifth aspect of the invention relates to a motor vehicle with the control device described above.
  • the motor vehicle is set up and designed to carry out one of the methods described above.
  • FIG. 1a, 1b schematically show a solenoid valve injector
  • FIG. 2 shows schematic diagrams for an armature lift, for a control current and for a valve lift
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows a method for determining an opening time according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic of a method for determining an opening delay time model
  • FIG. 5 schematically shows two curves for a first derivation of a voltage curve
  • FIG. 6 schematically shows a method for determining an armature impact time
  • FIGS. 8a, 8b show an example of a result from the method according to FIG. 6;
  • 9a, 9b show an example of a further result from the method according to FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 10 schematically shows a motor vehicle with a control device according to one embodiment.
  • FIG. 1a schematically shows a solenoid valve injector (injector) 100 in a closed valve position and FIG. 1b shows the injector 100 in an open valve position.
  • the injector 100 has a solenoid valve that includes a valve needle 5 and a valve seat 15 .
  • the injector 100 has an electromagnetic actuator for actuating the solenoid valve, which includes a coil 1 , an armature 11 and a biasing element 13 .
  • the solenoid valve is a normally closed valve. This means that when the coil 1 is not energized, the valve needle 5 is arranged on the valve seat 15 in such a way that an injection opening 17 is closed by the valve needle 5 .
  • the prestressing element 13 is designed to hold the solenoid valve in the closed position.
  • the prestressing element 13 applies a prestressing force to the valve needle, so that the valve needle is moved in the direction of the valve seat 15 and thus in the closing direction.
  • the biasing element 13 is designed as a spring.
  • the valve needle 5 has a resting seat 7 and an armature stop 9 for the armature 11, between which the armature 11 can be moved.
  • the rest seat 7 and the armature stop 9 thus define an armature lift or an armature free travel for the armature 11 relative to the valve needle 5.
  • the injector 1 also has a lift stop 3 which limits a lift of the valve needle 5 (valve lift). In the closed valve position, the armature 11 sits on the rest seat 7 and in the open valve position, the armature 11 rests against the armature stop 9 and the stroke stop 3 .
  • the armature 11 can be moved from the rest seat 7 to the armature stop 9 by applying a drive current I to the coil 1 by magnetic force.
  • the armature 11 is held on the armature stop 9 by the magnetic force, so that the armature 11 carries the valve needle 5 along against the prestressing force of the prestressing element 13 and thus lifts the valve needle 5 out of the valve seat 15 until the armature 11 strikes the stroke stop 3 .
  • the injection opening 17 is uncovered, so that fuel can be injected through the injection opening 17 into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
  • 2 shows a control current diagram 20 for a time profile of the control current I at the coil 1, an armature lift diagram 30 for a time profile of the armature lift and a valve lift diagram 50 for a time profile of the valve lift.
  • the armature stroke is the stroke of the armature 5 between the resting seat 7 and the armature stop 9.
  • Diagrams 20, 30, 50 show the progression over time very schematically.
  • the control current diagram 20 shows the application of the control current I at the control time 21 for opening the solenoid valve.
  • the course over time has a steep edge immediately after activation time 21 , so that activation current I reaches a corresponding value for a pull-in current phase 22 (pick-up current) at pull-in time 23 comparatively quickly.
  • the time between activation time 21 and pull-in time 23 corresponds to a boost phase during an opening phase of the solenoid valve.
  • the steep edge makes it possible to achieve a low tolerance and high reproducibility of the fuel injection quantity.
  • the steep edge is achieved by applying what is known as a booster voltage to the coil operation until the corresponding current value for the inrush current phase 22 is reached.
  • the drive current I is reduced from the inrush current to a value for a holding current phase 24 (holding current).
  • the control current I is switched off at the switch-off point in time 27 and then reaches the value zero at the control end point in time 29 .
  • the armature stroke diagram 30 shows the course of the armature stroke over time. After the drive current I is applied at the drive time 21 , the armature 5 only lifts off the rest seat 7 at the armature lift-off time 31 . There is therefore a lift-off delay 33 between the application of the drive current I and the lift-off of the armature 5 . The armature 5 strikes the armature stop 9 at the armature impact time 35 . The period of time between the anchor lift-off time 31 and the anchor impact time 35 corresponds to a flight time 37 of the armature 5.
  • the armature 11 After the impact of the armature 11 on the armature stop 9, the armature 11 is held on the armature stop 9 for a period of time 39 due to the magnetic force of the coil 1. The armature stroke relative to the resting seat 7 no longer changes due to the armature stop 9 and is therefore constant for the period of time 39 .
  • the armature 11 After the drive current I has been switched off at the switch-off point in time 27, the armature 11 is no longer held on the armature stop 9 by the magnetic force of the coil 1. Consequently, the armature 11 moves again in the direction of the resting seat 7 at the armature dropout time 41 . At the armature rest point 43, the armature 11 rests against the rest seat 7 again.
  • the valve lift diagram 50 schematically shows the course of the valve lift of the solenoid valve. This means a lift or a deflection of the valve 5 relative to the valve seat 15 .
  • armature 11 strikes a stroke stop 3, which represents a maximum valve stroke for valve needle 5 and thus the open valve position.
  • stroke stop 3 represents a maximum valve stroke for valve needle 5 and thus the open valve position.
  • opening delay time 52 which the valve needle 5 reaches before the maximum valve lift is reached.
  • the solenoid valve is held in this open position for a period of time 55 to inject fuel into the combustion chamber.
  • valve lift diagram 50 there is a closing delay time 61 between switching off the control current I at the control point in time 27 and reaching the closed valve position at the valve closing point in time 59 .
  • the previously built up magnetic field also decreases continuously.
  • the magnetic field is then weakened in such a way that the pretensioning element 13 moves the valve needle 5 in the direction of the valve seat 15 at the point in time 57 until the solenoid valve is in the closed valve position at the valve closing point in time 59, i.e. the valve needle 5 closes the injection opening 17 .
  • FIG. 3 shows a method 200 according to an embodiment, with which the opening time 51 of the magnet valve can be determined.
  • the armature impact time 35 is determined.
  • the armature impact time 35 can be determined by evaluating the voltage applied to the coil 1 .
  • the voltage or a voltage signal at the coil 1 can be detected by means of suitable measurement technology.
  • the armature impact point in time 35 is determined by analyzing the first derivative of the time profile of the voltage applied to the coil 1 .
  • the armature impact time 35 can correspond to the time at which an extreme value is present in the first derivation of the voltage profile.
  • the relevant extreme value can be the extreme value that occurs first during the boost phase be the derivative.
  • the analysis of the voltage profile can be carried out at least or only during the boost phase (which occurs between the activation time 21 and the pull-in time 23).
  • the opening delay time 52 is determined.
  • An opening delay time model which is described below with reference to FIG. 4, can be used to determine the opening delay time from the closing delay time.
  • the closing delay time 61 can be determined by determining the valve closing time 59 and the switch-off time 27 .
  • the switch-off time 27 can be determined by detecting the switch-off time of the control current I.
  • the valve closing time 59 can be determined by known methods. With knowledge of the valve closing point in time 59 and the switch-off point in time 27 , the closing delay time 61 can then be determined, which corresponds to the time span between the switch-off point in time 27 and the valve closing point in time 59 .
  • the open delay time 52 determined in 220 may be a predetermined constant time period. This approach makes a previous determination of the closing delay time 61 superfluous, as a result of which the determination of the opening delay time 52 is particularly simplified.
  • the opening time 51 is determined based on the armature impact time 35 and the opening delay time 52. According to one embodiment, the opening delay 52 is added to the armature impact time 35 in order to obtain the opening time 51.
  • Fig. 4 shows a method for determining the opening delay time model 300.
  • the closing delay time 61 of the injector 100 is determined for different activation times. For this purpose, tests can be carried out on a test bench. A mean closing delay time for the injector 100 is formed from the plurality of closing delay times 61 for different activation times. In 320 , a prestressing force indicator (prestressing element model) for the injector 100 is derived from the mean closing delay time, the prestressing force indicator corresponding to at least one measure of the prestressing force of the prestressing element 13 .
  • the opening delay time 52 of the injector is determined for different activation times on the test bench.
  • a mean opening delay time for the injector 100 is formed from the plurality of opening delay times 52 for different control times.
  • the average closing delay time and the average opening delay time are compared with an actual flow of the injector 100 in order to adjust or specify a relationship between the average opening delay time and the average closing delay time.
  • the relationship between the mean opening delay time and the mean closing delay time is stored in the opening delay time model.
  • the opening delay time model is determined or created.
  • the (mean) opening delay time can be determined as a function of the preload force or the preload force indicator and the (mean) closing delay time.
  • the method 300 can be carried out for different injectors 100 in order to depict a large number of injectors or closing delay times 61 with the opening delay time model.
  • FIG. 5 shows a diagram in which the first derivation of the voltage curve 71 according to a first example is shown.
  • the first derivation of the voltage curve 71 is determined based on a raw signal of the voltage (detected by a voltage sensor) and is therefore very noisy. Consequently, a subsequent evaluation of the raw signal and thus the first derivation of the voltage profile 71 determined therefrom can lead to inaccurate results.
  • the raw signal can therefore be smoothed using appropriate methods for subsequent evaluations. For example, using orthogonal polynomials, a smoothed curve 73 of the first derivation of the voltage curve can be determined from the raw signal, which is comparatively less noisy and comparatively smooth. Other methods of smoothing the raw voltage signal are also possible.
  • FIG. 6 shows a method for determining the armature impact time 400 according to a further embodiment for the block 210 from the method 200 according to FIG.
  • the start time t A and the end time t E of the evaluation period for evaluating the first time derivation of the voltage profile are determined.
  • the first time derivative can be used based on the voltage profile according to a raw signal or based on a smoothed first time derivative of the voltage profile.
  • a first difference quotient profile I 1 is formed over the evaluation period based on the start time t A .
  • a second difference quotient profile l 2 is formed over the evaluation period based on the end time t E .
  • an auxiliary function a(t) is formed, which includes a quotient from the first differential quotient curve and the second differential quotient curve.
  • the auxiliary function a(t) can include a difference between the first difference quotient curve and the second difference quotient curve.
  • the auxiliary function is evaluated by determining an extreme value in the auxiliary function a(t). The extreme value then corresponds to the anchor impact time.
  • the first derivation based on the raw signal 71 shows a kink-like drop 75 .
  • the first derivation of the voltage curve 71 can be divided into a region before the kink-like drop 75 (to the left of the kink-like drop 75) and into a region after the kink-like drop 75 (to the right of the kink-like drop 75). The same applies to the smoothed curve 73 for the first derivation of the voltage signal.
  • the first derivation of the voltage curve 71 can be approximated by linear functions.
  • the following functions can be used for the left area 77 and the right area 79 .
  • f 1 (t) is the first linear function for the left area
  • f 2 (t) is the second linear function for the right area
  • mi and m2 are the corresponding gradients of the straight lines resulting from the functions
  • n2 are the ordinate intercepts ( or displacement constant) of the straight line.
  • FIG. 7a shows an exemplary approximation function f(t) for an exemplary first derivation of a voltage curve (which differs from the voltage curve from FIG. 5) by the linear functions f 1 (t), f 2 (t).
  • the approximation function f(t) is shown for an evaluation period between the (selected) start time t A and the (selected) end time t E .
  • the example approximation function f(t) is as follows:
  • FIG. 7b shows the above relationships of the gradients mi, m2 for the left and the right area by showing a first difference quotient curve I 1 and a second difference quotient curve L 2 , where the following applies:
  • the kink 81 in the approximation function f(t) occurs at the point in time t at which the distance between the first difference quotient curve I 1 and the second difference quotient curve I 2 is greatest.
  • This point in time t of the greatest distance between the first difference quotient curve I 1 and the second difference quotient curve I 2 can be determined, for example, by forming an auxiliary function a(t) as follows:
  • the auxiliary function a(t) can also be formed as the difference between the first difference quotient curve I 1 and the second difference quotient curve I 2 .
  • a sudden drop in the first derivation of the voltage curve can thus be determined with the auxiliary function a(t). Consequently, a point in time of the buckling drop and thus the point in time of the armature impact can also be determined by calculation and thus easily.
  • FIGS. 8a and 8b show an exemplary evaluation of a voltage profile according to a second example.
  • FIG. 9a shows a diagram in which a first derivative over time for a voltage profile according to a third example is shown. It can be seen that a flattening of the course 103 follows a first bend-like drop 101 . The flattening out 103 is in turn followed by a second kinked drop 105.
  • FIG. 9b shows a diagram with an auxiliary function a(t) which is formed for the voltage profile shown in the diagram from FIG. 9a.
  • the auxiliary function a(t) has a first peak (maximum) 113, which can be assigned to the first sharp drop 101, and a second peak 115, which can be assigned to the second sharp drop 105.
  • the armature impact time 35 corresponds to the first peak 113.
  • the evaluation period can be selected in such a way that only one peak occurs.
  • FIG. 10 schematically shows an exemplary control unit 170 that is set up to execute the methods/models described above.
  • Control unit 170 is arranged in a motor vehicle 180, shown schematically, and can control an internal combustion engine 179, shown schematically.
  • the control unit 170 includes a processor 172, a memory (electronic storage medium) 174 and an interface 178.
  • software (a computer program) 176 is also stored in the memory 174, which is designed to execute the methods described above.
  • the processor 172 is configured to execute software 176 program instructions.
  • the interface 178 is also designed to receive and transmit data. For example, it can be an interface to a CAN bus of motor vehicle 180, via which control unit 170 receives signals and transmits control commands.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de détermination d'un temps d'ouverture d'un injecteur pourvu d'une électrovanne. Le procédé consiste à : déterminer un temps de contact de l'induit, au niveau duquel un induit d'une électrovanne entre en contact avec un pointeau de l'électrovanne ; déterminer un temps de retard d'ouverture de l'injecteur, qui correspond à un laps de temps entre le temps de contact de l'induit et un temps d'ouverture de l'électrovanne ; et déterminer un temps d'ouverture de l'injecteur sur la base du temps de contact de l'induit et du temps de retard d'ouverture.
PCT/EP2021/079986 2020-10-30 2021-10-28 Procédé de détermination d'un temps d'ouverture d'un injecteur pourvu d'une électrovanne, programme informatique, appareil de commande, moteur à combustion interne et véhicule automobile WO2022090395A1 (fr)

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EP21806159.6A EP4237675A1 (fr) 2020-10-30 2021-10-28 Procédé de détermination d'un temps d'ouverture d'un injecteur pourvu d'une électrovanne, programme informatique, appareil de commande, moteur à combustion interne et véhicule automobile
CN202180063823.7A CN116324149A (zh) 2020-10-30 2021-10-28 用于确定具有电磁阀的喷射器的打开时间点的方法、计算机程序、控制器、内燃机和机动车

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DE102020213705.6A DE102020213705A1 (de) 2020-10-30 2020-10-30 Verfahren zum Ermitteln eines Öffnungszeitpunkts eines Injektors mit einem Magnetventil, Computerprogramm, Steuergerät, Verbrennungskraftmaschine und Kraftfahrzeug
DE102020213705.6 2020-10-30

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EP2685074A1 (fr) 2012-07-13 2014-01-15 Delphi Automotive Systems Luxembourg SA Contrôle dýinjection de carburant pour moteur à combustion interne
EP2422067B1 (fr) * 2009-04-23 2017-06-07 Robert Bosch GmbH Procédé et unité de commande permettant de faire fonctionner une soupape commandée par un actionneur
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DE102009026930A1 (de) 2009-06-15 2010-12-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Bestimmung der Abhebeverzögerung eines Magnetventils
DE102010063099A1 (de) 2010-12-15 2012-06-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Kraftstoffeinspitzanlage einer Brennkraftmaschine
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EP2422067B1 (fr) * 2009-04-23 2017-06-07 Robert Bosch GmbH Procédé et unité de commande permettant de faire fonctionner une soupape commandée par un actionneur
WO2011012518A1 (fr) 2009-07-28 2011-02-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Procédé de fonctionnement d'une soupape magnétique, en particulier d'une soupape d'injection d'une installation d'injection de carburant
DE102009045469A1 (de) 2009-10-08 2011-04-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Steuergerät zum Betreiben eines Ventils
DE102009054588A1 (de) * 2009-12-14 2011-06-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Steuergerät zum Betreiben eines Ventils
EP2685074A1 (fr) 2012-07-13 2014-01-15 Delphi Automotive Systems Luxembourg SA Contrôle dýinjection de carburant pour moteur à combustion interne
DE102016200743A1 (de) * 2016-01-20 2017-07-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Bestimmung einer Öffnungsverzugsdauer eines Kraftstoffinjektors

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EP4237675A1 (fr) 2023-09-06
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