WO2022048388A1 - 连接件、梁柱连接节点、梁柱组件及其制造方法 - Google Patents

连接件、梁柱连接节点、梁柱组件及其制造方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022048388A1
WO2022048388A1 PCT/CN2021/110852 CN2021110852W WO2022048388A1 WO 2022048388 A1 WO2022048388 A1 WO 2022048388A1 CN 2021110852 W CN2021110852 W CN 2021110852W WO 2022048388 A1 WO2022048388 A1 WO 2022048388A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
column
pipe
end section
section
connector
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PCT/CN2021/110852
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李寒磊
张超逸
Original Assignee
孖垚建筑科技(上海)有限公司
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Publication of WO2022048388A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022048388A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B1/1903—Connecting nodes specially adapted therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/58—Connections for building structures in general of bar-shaped building elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/58—Connections for building structures in general of bar-shaped building elements
    • E04B1/5825—Connections for building structures in general of bar-shaped building elements with a closed cross-section
    • E04B1/5831—Connections for building structures in general of bar-shaped building elements with a closed cross-section of substantially rectangular form
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the fields of civil engineering and construction, and more particularly to a connector, a beam-column connection node, a beam-column assembly and a manufacturing method thereof.
  • steel pipes are often used to form beam-column assemblies.
  • the steel pipes used to form the beams are usually fixed on the construction site by welding to the steel pipes used to form the columns, thereby forming a cohesive connection therebetween.
  • the pouring of concrete into each steel pipe is usually carried out at the construction site after each steel pipe is connected.
  • the closed welded joints at both ends of the beam steel pipe make it impossible to pour concrete into the beam steel pipe.
  • the size of the steel pipe of the beam such as the wall thickness, can only be increased, which will lead to an increase in material cost.
  • the fire prevention and anti-corrosion functions of steel pipes are usually realized by applying anti-corrosion materials and fire-proof materials to the outer surface of the steel pipes respectively, that is, firstly applying anti-corrosion materials to the outer surfaces of the steel pipes in the factory, and then applying them at the construction site. Apply fireproof material to it.
  • the application of fireproofing materials at the construction site increases the amount of site work, which is generally inconvenient compared to factory work and adversely affects the construction progress.
  • the current fire-proof and anti-corrosion materials are easily detached from the outer surface of the steel pipe due to their material properties.
  • the outer surface of the steel pipe is usually subjected to preliminary steps such as spraying an interface agent and playing a mesh cloth, but this is time-consuming and costly.
  • the present invention aims to provide a connector, a beam-column connection node, a beam-column assembly and a manufacturing method thereof, by means of which at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art can be solved.
  • the present invention provides a connecting piece for connecting a first pipe material and a second pipe material, wherein the connecting piece has:
  • a second end section configured for connection with a second pipe
  • the connecting piece is designed as a hollow profile which is open at one end, and the connecting piece has an opening on the peripheral side, which opening extends at least over the middle section.
  • first and second end sections are configured to form a positive fit with the first and second pipes, respectively, to be connected, so that the first and second end sections can be respectively inserted into the first pipe and the second pipe or sleeved on the outside of the first pipe and the second pipe.
  • first end section and the second end section are peripherally configured with through-holes through which screw and/or riveting elements pass through for screwing with the first and second pipes and/or riveting.
  • the threaded elements are bolts or screws, and/or the riveted elements are rivets.
  • the opening has a rectangular, circular or oval shape.
  • the opening extends over the entire length of the connector.
  • the connector has a substantially U-shaped cross-section constantly over its entire length.
  • the connecting piece comprises a bottom wall and two side walls, the two side walls respectively have hem portions on their free ends extending towards each other, the openings being formed between the hem portions.
  • first and second end sections each have a closed cross-section at least over part of their length.
  • the openings extend between closed cross-sections.
  • the opening is oriented upwardly or laterally in the use state of the connector.
  • the size of the opening on the intermediate section is such that an installer's hand or tool can reach inside the first and second end sections through the opening or opening portions in the intermediate section.
  • the openings on the intermediate section are dimensioned such that, in the use state of the connector, concrete can be introduced into the interior of the first and second pipes via the openings or opening portions in the intermediate section.
  • the first and second pipes are beam pipes and column pipes, respectively, for buildings.
  • the present invention provides a beam-column connection node, wherein the beam-column connection node comprises:
  • the cross member tube being formed as the first tube
  • connection of the column pipe for connection which is fastened with one end to the column pipe and points with its other end towards the cross member pipe, which is formed as the second pipe;
  • the column pipe is connected with the beam pipe by its joint through the connecting piece
  • the first end section of the connector is inserted or sheathed inside or outside the end section of the beam pipe
  • the second end section of the connector is inserted or sheathed inside or outside the joint of the column pipe
  • the connection The middle section of the piece is located between the end section of the beam tube and the joint of the column tube.
  • first end section and the second end section of the connecting piece are circumferentially formed with through-holes through which the screw and/or riveting piece passes, and the end sections of the cross member tube and the column tube are The joint is configured with through holes corresponding to the through holes, through which the first end section and the second end section of the connecting piece are connected with the joints of the end section of the beam pipe and the column pipe, respectively Screwing and/or riveting.
  • first end section and the second end section of the connecting piece are respectively at least partially spaced at a distance in the transverse or radial direction from the end section of the cross member tube and the joint of the column tube.
  • first end section and the second end section are respectively rivet-free riveted to the end section of the beam tube and the joint of the column tube.
  • the opening is open upwardly or laterally.
  • the present invention provides a beam-column assembly, wherein the beam-column assembly comprises at least one cross-beam tube, two column tubes, and at least two beam-column connection nodes according to the present invention, each beam-column
  • the connecting node comprises one of the two end sections of the cross member pipe, a joint of one of the two column pipes, and a connecting piece according to the invention.
  • the beam-column assembly is externally provided with a reinforced concrete structure comprising a reinforced frame and concrete.
  • the rebar frame comprises longitudinal reinforcement bars extending in the longitudinal direction of the associated beam pipe or column pipe material and transverse reinforcement bars fixed transversely to the longitudinal reinforcement.
  • the longitudinal reinforcement is positioned by a positioning device, and the positioning device is fixed on the outer surfaces of the beam pipe and the column pipe.
  • the positioning device is constructed as a one-piece hollow plate that is sheathed and fastened to the outer surfaces of the beam tube and the column tube.
  • the positioning means are fixed on the longitudinal inner side of the two end sections of the cross member tube.
  • the positioning means are provided with through-holes through which the longitudinal bars can be oriented substantially parallel to the respective beam or column pipes.
  • the positioning device is constructed as a multi-part hollow panel or as a separate panel and can be moved directly from the side of the upright or beam tube and fixed on its outer surface.
  • the fixing is carried out by welding.
  • the beam tube has concrete in its interior that is introduced via the opening of the connector.
  • the concrete fills only the two end regions inside the beam tube, but not its middle region.
  • the concrete fills the entire interior of the beam tube.
  • the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a beam-column assembly according to the present invention, wherein the method comprises at least the following steps:
  • the step a) further comprises: assembling and fixing at least two positioning devices for positioning the longitudinal steel bars of the steel bar frame on each column pipe and the beam pipe respectively.
  • step c) further comprises: connecting the first end section and the second end section of the connecting piece with the beam pipe and the column pipe respectively by screwing and/or riveting.
  • steps a) and b) are carried out at the factory.
  • steps c)-e) are carried out on the construction site.
  • Figures 1a to 1c are a perspective view, an end view and a top view, respectively, of a first embodiment of the connector of the present invention
  • Figures 2a to 2d are perspective views of second, third, fourth and fifth embodiments of the connector of the present invention, respectively.
  • FIGs 3a to 3d are perspective views of different embodiments of the beam-column assembly of the present invention, wherein the reinforced concrete structure on the outside thereof is not shown,
  • Figures 4a to 4d are partial enlarged views of the beam-column assembly in Figures 3a to 3d,
  • Fig. 5a is a perspective view of the beam-column assembly of Fig. 3a showing the rebar locator and rebar frame on the outside thereof,
  • Figure 5b is a perspective view of the rebar positioning device in Figure 5a
  • Figure 6 is a perspective view of the beam-column assembly of the present invention showing the reinforced concrete structure on the outside thereof,
  • Figure 7 is a perspective view of the beam-column assembly of the present invention without concrete being introduced outside the beam-column connection node.
  • references to the terms “an embodiment,” “one embodiment,” “some embodiments,” “example,” “specific example,” or “some examples”, etc., are intended to incorporate the embodiments
  • a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described by an example or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention.
  • appearances of the phrases “in one embodiment” or “in an embodiment” in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.
  • the particular features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
  • first”, “second”, etc. are used for descriptive purposes only, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as “first”, “second”, etc., may expressly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.
  • “plurality” means two or more, unless otherwise expressly and specifically defined.
  • the terms “installed”, “connected”, “coupled”, “connected”, “fixed” and other terms should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, or It is a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two components.
  • installed e.g., it may be a fixed connection, or It is a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two components.
  • Figures 1a to 2b show different exemplary embodiments of the connector 1', 1", 1"' of the invention.
  • the connector 1', 1", 1"' of the present invention can be used to connect two components to be connected.
  • the members to be connected may be, for example, pipes, such as beam pipes 2 and column pipes 3 in the field of civil engineering and construction, but are not limited thereto.
  • Figures 1a to 1c show a connector 1' according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • the connecting piece 1 ′ can have an elongated hollow profile structure.
  • the connecting piece 1 ′ can be open on its two end sides, ie can have openings that are open on both end sides.
  • the connecting piece 1' can have a substantially U-shaped cross-section over its entire length, so that the connecting piece 1' can comprise a bottom wall 4 and two side walls extending perpendicular to the bottom wall 4 and facing each other 5.6.
  • the two side walls 5, 6 can each have a fold 7 at their free ends.
  • the two flanges 7 can extend towards each other perpendicularly to the side walls 5 , 6 or parallel to the bottom wall 4 .
  • the two hem portions 7 may lie on the same plane.
  • the two folded edge portions 7 may have the same width, but this is not mandatory, that is, they may also have different widths, but the sum of the widths of the two folded edge portions 7 is smaller than that between the two side walls 5 and 6 the distance.
  • the connecting piece 1 ′ can withstand greater bending moments due to its folded edge 7 .
  • the connecting piece 1 ′ can achieve an advantageous surface contact with its folded edge 7 with the pipes 2 , 3 to be connected or with the concrete, thereby increasing the load-bearing capacity.
  • the two flanges 7 can together enclose an opening 8 of the connecting piece 1 ′ which is open on its peripheral side.
  • the opening 8 can extend from one end side of the connecting piece 1 ′ to the other end side.
  • the opening 8 may have a constant width over its length. In other embodiments, the opening 8 may also have a varying width over its length, for example the width at its middle portion may be greater than the width at its ends.
  • the connecting piece 1 ′ may comprise a left side section 9 , a middle section 10 and a right side section 11 from left to right.
  • the left-hand section 9 and the right-hand section 11 can each be connected to the two pipes 2 , 3 to be connected, while the middle section 10 can thus be located between the two pipes 2 , 3 to be connected.
  • the outer contours of the left-hand section 9 and the right-hand section 11 can correspond to the inner contours of the two pipes 2 , 3 to be connected, or can be form-fitted therewith.
  • the left-hand section 9 and the right-hand section 11 can each be inserted inside an end section of one of the two pipes 2 , 3 to be connected, see FIGS. 3 a and 4 a .
  • the bottom wall 4 and the side walls 5, 6 of the left-hand section 9 and the right-hand section 11, as well as the folded edge 7, can either rest on the inner surfaces of the pipes 2, 3 or partially The inner surfaces are spaced apart by a distance.
  • the side walls 5, 6 or the hem portion 7 of the left and right sections 9, 11 may be spaced a distance from the inner surfaces of the tubes 2, 3 so that there is a gap.
  • the presence of the gap can facilitate the insertion of the connector into the pipes 2 , 3 .
  • the gaps can be filled with concrete during the subsequent pouring of concrete, thus avoiding direct contact of the connecting piece 1 ′ with the pipes 2 , 3 (eg steel-to-steel contact) and the resulting frictional noise.
  • the inner contours of the left-hand section 9 and the right-hand section 11 can correspond to the outer contours of the two pipes 2 , 3 to be connected, or can be form-fitted therewith.
  • the left-hand section 9 and the right-hand section 11 can each be fitted outside an end section of one of the two pipes 2 , 3 to be connected, see FIGS. 3 b and 4 b .
  • the bottom wall 4 and the side walls 5, 6 of the left-hand section 9 and the right-hand section 11 as well as the folded edge 7 can either rest on the outer surfaces of the pipes 2, 3 or partially the outer surfaces are spaced a distance apart.
  • the side walls 5, 6 or the hem portion 7 of the left and right side sections 9, 11 may be spaced a distance from the outer surfaces of the tubes 2, 3 so that there is a gap.
  • the presence of the gap can facilitate the fitting of the connector 1 ′ onto the pipes 2 , 3 .
  • the gaps can be filled with concrete during the subsequent pouring of concrete, thus avoiding direct contact of the connecting piece 1 ′ with the pipes 2 , 3 (eg steel-to-steel contact) and the resulting frictional noise.
  • the inner contour of one of the left-hand section 9 and the right-hand section 11 can correspond to the outer contour of one of the two pipes 2 , 3 to be connected, or can be form-fitted therewith, while the left The outer contour of the other of the section 9 and the right-hand section 11 can correspond to the inner contour of the other of the two pipes 2 , 3 to be connected, or can be form-fitted therewith. That is, this design of the connector 1' is a combination of the two above-mentioned designs (not shown here). Thereby, the left-hand section 9 and the right-hand section 11 can be respectively fitted over or inserted into one of the two pipes 2 , 3 to be connected.
  • the above three designs of the connector 1 ′ relative to the components to be connected can be freely selected according to actual needs.
  • the first design it has greater flexural strength and torsional strength at the joint, and because the joint 1' is inside the pipes 2, 3, it will not hinder the subsequent treatment of the outer surfaces of the pipes 2, 3, such as applying concrete Wait.
  • the second design it is suitable not only for the connection of the pipes 2, 3, but also for the connection between solid components, since the connector 1' wraps around the components.
  • the third design is a combination of the first two designs.
  • the present invention is not limited to the above three exemplary designs, as long as the left section 9 and the right section 11 of the connector 1 ′ can be used to connect the two components to be connected, all designs are included.
  • the above three designs of the connecting piece 1 ′ with respect to the members to be connected can all prevent the relative movement of the two members in the lateral direction thereof, that is, limit the two degrees of freedom of the two members in the lateral direction.
  • an additional connection means between the connecting piece 1' and the members can be introduced.
  • the left-hand section 9 and the right-hand section 11 can be provided with through-holes 12 which can be designed to be passed through by screwing elements 13 , such as screws or bolts, by means of which the left-hand section can be inserted
  • the section 9 and the right-hand section 11 are additionally screwed to the pipes 2 , 3 .
  • the through hole 12 can also be designed to be passed through by a riveting element, by means of which the left-hand section 9 and the right-hand section 11 can be riveted to the pipes 2 , 3 .
  • a combined use of screwing and riveting is also possible.
  • the through holes 12 can be arranged on the side walls 5 , 6 of the left-hand section 9 and the right-hand section 11 , for example in a row.
  • the through holes 12 can also be arranged on the bottom wall 4 of the left-hand section 9 and the right-hand section 11 , eg also in rows.
  • the through holes 12 can also be arranged on the hem 7 of the left-hand section 9 and the right-hand section 11 , eg also in rows (not shown).
  • rivets by means of rivets, other mechanical connection methods such as rivetless riveting, that is, punch riveting, can also be considered. These connections can not only limit the third degree of freedom between the two members, but also help limit the other two degrees of freedom in the lateral direction.
  • the left-hand section 9 and the right-hand section 11 can have the same length, but this is not mandatory, but can vary according to the actual situation, eg according to the own length of the pipes 2, 3 to be connected.
  • the length of the intermediate section 10 may be in the range of 60mm-90mm.
  • the left section 9 and the right section 11 respectively overlap with one of the two pipes 2, 3 in the longitudinal direction, while the middle
  • the section 10 is located between the two pipes 2, 3 without overlapping them.
  • the opening of the opening 8 on the central section 10 is important for the invention, since via this opening the interior of the pipes 2 , 3 or the left-hand section 9 and the right-hand section of the connecting piece 1 ′ can be accessed from the outside. Inside the side section 11 . Therefore, the opening portion can impart other important functions to the connecting member 1' in addition to its connecting function.
  • a tool for assisting screwing or riveting can be inserted into the interior of the pipes 2 , 3 through the opening portion.
  • a fluid material such as concrete, can be poured into the interior of the pipes 2, 3 via the opening portion in order to strengthen the pipes 2, 3.
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b show connecting elements 1", 1"' according to the second and third embodiments of the present invention, respectively. Next, only the differences between the connecting parts 1", 1"' and the connecting part 1' will be described, and redundant descriptions of the same parts will be omitted.
  • the opening 8 extends only on the top wall of the middle section 10, while the left section 9 and the right section 11 are circumferentially closed , that is, it has a circumferentially closed mouth-shaped cross-section.
  • the connecting elements 1 ′, 1 ′′′ can have a higher strength, in particular torsional strength, due to the substantially closed circumferential direction.
  • the connecting piece 1' saves more material.
  • the use state of the connector 1" can refer to Fig. 3c and Fig. 4c, and the use state of the connector 1"' can refer to Fig. 3d and Fig. 4d.
  • the openings 8 of the connectors 1", 1"' are located between the two pipes 2, 3 without being covered, so they can perform the same function as the openings 8 of the connector 1'.
  • the connecting elements 1 ′′, 1 ′′' can also be fitted over the pipes 2 , 3 with their left-hand section 9 and right-hand section 11 , like the connecting element 1 ′ in FIGS. 3 b and 4 b .
  • On the surface it is also possible to insert one of the two pipes 2, 3 outside one pipe material 2, 3, and the other of the two to be inserted into the other pipe material 3, 2.
  • connection pieces 1", 1"' may differ only in the shape of their openings 8, ie the former is circular and the latter is oval. However, other shapes of the opening 8, such as a rectangle, etc., can also be considered here, as long as the opening 8 can achieve the above-mentioned functions.
  • FIGS 2c and 2d show connecting elements 1"", 1""' according to fourth and fifth embodiments of the present invention, respectively. Next, only the differences between the connecting pieces 1", 1""' and the connecting pieces 1", 1"' will be described, and redundant descriptions of the same parts will be omitted.
  • the openings 8 extend only on the side walls of the intermediate section 10 for the connecting pieces 1 ′′′′, 1 ′′′′′.
  • openings 8 are also conceivable to provide openings 8 if necessary both on the top wall of the middle section 10 and on the side walls of the middle section 10 .
  • the connecting element 1', 1", 1"', 1"", 1""' can be made of steel, for example. Since welding is not required, the connecting pieces 1', 1", 1"', 1"", 1""' can also be made of other metals or polymer composite materials, such as aluminum alloys and magnesium alloys that are lighter than steel. And glass fiber reinforced plastic (glass fiber reinforced plastic) and so on.
  • the material of the connectors 1', 1", 1"', 1"", 1""' can be changed according to the actual application conditions, and the best coordination between the mechanical requirements and the material cost can be achieved by selecting the material of the connector.
  • the material type can in principle be freely selected.
  • Figures 3a to 3d show four embodiments of beam-column assemblies 14 connected by connecting pieces 1', 1", and 1"' respectively.
  • the beam pipe 2 of the beam-column assembly 14 is mainly shown.
  • Figures 4a to 4d show enlarged partial views of the beam column assembly 14 of Figures 3a to 3d, respectively, to more clearly see the beam column connection node 26 between the beam columns, which may include one end region of the beam tube 2 Section 16, a joint 15 of the upright pipe 3 and a connecting piece 1', 1", 1"'.
  • Figures 3a and 4a show a first embodiment of the beam column assembly 14.
  • the two column pipes 3 of the beam-column assembly 14 and a transverse beam pipe 2 connected between them via the connecting piece 1 ′ can be seen here.
  • the column pipe 3 and the beam pipe 2 may have a rectangular cross-section matching the shape of the connector 1'.
  • the column pipe material 3 or the beam pipe material 2 may also have a circular or other shape of cross section, and the shape of the connecting piece 1 ′ should also be changed accordingly.
  • Each upright pipe 3 may be provided with one or more joints 15 for connecting the beam pipes 2 at approximately the middle.
  • the joint 15 can be regarded as a part of the column pipe 3 in the present invention.
  • the joint 15 may also consist of a pipe material. In the embodiment shown, four joints 15 are arranged one after the other at an angle of 90° on the four side walls of the upright pipe 3 . However, the number of joints 15 can vary with the total number of beam pipes 2 to be connected with the upright pipes 3 .
  • the joint 15 may extend perpendicular to the upright pipe 3 and be fixed to the upright pipe 3 with one end thereof, and the fixation may be realized by welding or other mechanical connection.
  • the other end of the connector 15 is open and can be used to connect with the connector 1'.
  • the connector 15 can be provided with a through hole 12 for a screw connection 13 or a riveted part on the free end section.
  • the beam pipe 2 can be open at both ends and its cross-sectional shape can correspond to the joint 15 .
  • the two end sections 16 , 17 of the cross member tube 2 can each be provided with through-holes 12 for screw connections 13 or rivets.
  • the cross member pipe 2 can be connected with its left end section 16 via a connecting piece 1 ′ to a connection 15 of the left column pipe 3 .
  • a connecting piece 1 ′ to a connection 15 of the left column pipe 3 .
  • the left-hand section 9 of the connection piece 1 ′ can be inserted inside the joint 15 and is therefore not visible
  • the right-hand section 11 of the connection piece 1 ′ can be inserted inside the crossmember tube 2 and is therefore not visible
  • the middle section of the connection piece 1 ′ 10 is located between the joint 15 and the beam tube 2 and is thus visible.
  • the opening portion of the opening 8 on the middle section 10 can be open upwards and can be accessed from the outside.
  • the installer when installing the screw 13 or riveting element, the installer can access the interior of the joint 15 and the cross member pipe 2 or the left and right side sections 9 and 9 of the connecting piece 1 ′ via this opening. 11, so the installer can easily pass the screw 13 or the rivet through the through hole 12 and fasten it firmly.
  • the cross member tube 2 can be connected with its right end section 17 via a further connecting piece 1 ′ to a connection 15 of the right column tube 3 .
  • the connection method on the right side can be the same as that on the left side, which will not be repeated here.
  • Figures 3b to 3d in conjunction with Figures 4b to 4d, illustrate second, third and fourth embodiments of the beam column assembly 14. They may differ from the beam-column assembly 14 of the first embodiment only in the connection pieces 1', 1", 1"' themselves and the arrangement of the connection pieces 1', 1", 1"' relative to the members to be connected.
  • the connecting piece 1' can be sheathed outside the joint 15 and the beam pipe 2; in the third embodiment shown in Figures 3c and 4c, the connecting piece 1' ” can be inserted into the joint 15 and the inside of the beam pipe 2; in the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 3d and FIG.
  • FIG 5a schematically shows a beam-column assembly 14 according to a first embodiment of the invention, wherein the reinforcement positioning means 18 and the reinforcement frame 19 outside the column tubes 3 and the beam tubes 2 can be seen.
  • the reinforcing bar positioning device 18 (hereinafter referred to as the “positioning device 18 ”) can be fixed on the outer surfaces of the column pipe 3 and the beam pipe 2 .
  • the rebar frame 19 may include longitudinal bars 20 positioned by the positioning device 18 and transverse bars 21 oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal bars 20 .
  • the transverse reinforcement bars 21 can be fastened to it around the longitudinal reinforcement bars 20 to form a solid reinforcement frame 19 .
  • the positioning device 18 may be configured as a hollow plate having a central opening 22 whose size and shape may correspond to the size and shape of the outer surfaces of the upright tube 3 and the beam tube 2, so that the positioning device 18 may be
  • the central opening 22 is sleeved on the outer surfaces of the column pipe 3 and the beam pipe 2 .
  • the fixing of the positioning device 18 on the outer surfaces of the column pipe 3 and the beam pipe 2 can be performed by welding, and of course other suitable mechanical connection methods such as bonding can also be conceivable.
  • the board surface of the hollow board may be substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the column pipe 3 and the beam pipe 2 .
  • the positioning device 18 may be provided with through holes 23, each through hole 23 through which a longitudinal steel bar 20 may pass.
  • the positioning device 18 is provided with four through holes 23 one after the other on its two opposite sides, respectively.
  • the axis of the through hole 23 can be oriented perpendicular to the plate surface of the positioning device 18, whereby the longitudinal reinforcement bars 20 passing through the through hole 23 can be oriented parallel to the associated longitudinal axis of the pipe.
  • the positioning device 18 may be a hollow plate constructed in one piece. At the time of installation, the hollow plates are fitted over desired positions on the outer surfaces of the pipes from one end of the pipes 2 and 3 and fixed.
  • the positioning device 18 can also be a multi-piece hollow plate, eg, comprising two half plates, which can be combined into a hollow plate.
  • the positioning device 18 may be any individual sheet, such as a rectangular sheet. These half-plates or plates do not have to be fitted on the pipes 2 and 3 , but can be moved directly from the side of the pipes 2 and 3 and fixed on the outer surfaces of the pipes 2 and 3 .
  • the positioning device 18 may be a block with a greater thickness relative to the above-described plate.
  • multiple positioning devices 18 can often be used in conjunction to position them. That is to say, the same longitudinal reinforcing bar 20 is to pass through two or more positioning devices 18 , and these positioning devices 18 can be arranged at a distance from each other in the longitudinal direction of the beam pipe 2 .
  • Figure 6 schematically shows a beam-column assembly 14 according to a first embodiment of the invention, where it can be seen that the rebar frame 19 in figure 5a has been filled and covered with concrete and thus a reinforced concrete structure 24 is formed on the pipes 2, 3 .
  • the beam-column assembly 14 has formed a reinforced concrete structure 24 except for the unused joint 15 and the end connection part 25 of the upright tubular material 3 .
  • the unused joint 15 and the end connecting part 25 can also be connected with other beam pipes or column pipes subsequently.
  • the reinforced concrete structure 24 formed on the outside of the beam pipe material 2 and the column pipe material 3 can have the functions of anti-corrosion and fire prevention. Therefore, the reinforced concrete structure 24 can unexpectedly and without problems replace the anti-corrosion material and the fire-proof material applied in the factory and the construction site, respectively, in the prior art.
  • the thickness of the reinforced concrete structure 24 can be greater than the radial or lateral height of the positioning device 18 on the outer surface of the pipe, whereby the positioning device 18 can be completely buried in concrete. If the positioning device 18 is exposed to the concrete, the aesthetics of the beam will be affected and the positioning device 18 will be susceptible to corrosion.
  • the thickness of the reinforced concrete structure 24 may be in the range of about 50mm-60mm, but is not limited thereto, as long as it can replace the existing fireproof and anticorrosion coating to play a fireproof and anticorrosion function.
  • FIG. 7 which mainly includes the following steps:
  • each upright tube 3 including a joint 15 respectively, on the joint 15 and on the two end sections 16 , 17 of the beam tube 2 respectively introducing hole 12;
  • a plurality of positioning devices 18 are respectively sheathed and welded to different parts of each column pipe 3 at a certain distance from each other, the longitudinal steel bars 20 are introduced through the positioning devices 18, and the transverse steel bars 21 are welded to the longitudinal steel bars 20.
  • a plurality of positioning devices 18 are respectively fitted at a distance from each other and welded to different locations of each cross-member tube 2 between the two end sections 16 , 17 .
  • the longitudinal reinforcement is introduced by the positioning devices 18 .
  • each end section 16 , 17 of the beam pipe 2 to which concrete has not yet been applied is connected to a joint 15 of each of the upright pipes 3 by means of a connecting piece 1 ′, 1 ′′, 1 ′′’ respectively connection, wherein the opening 8 or the opening part on the connecting piece 1', 1", 1"' is open upwards, with the aid of the opening 8 or the opening part, the screwing part 13 or the riveting part is introduced into the through hole 12 and tightened solid;
  • the reinforced concrete structure 24 can be used to simultaneously realize anti-corrosion and fire-proof functions, and most of them (that is, except for beam-column connections)
  • the application of the reinforced concrete structure 24 other than the node 26 has been completed at the factory, and only concrete needs to be applied at the beam-column connection node 26 at the construction site, which further reduces the workload on the construction site.
  • the reinforced concrete structure 24 of the present invention is not easy to fall off from the outer surface of the pipe.
  • the connectors 1', 1", 1"', 1"", 1""' of the present invention not only the welding connection is abandoned, but also the connectors 1', 1", 1"' can be used.
  • the openings 8 on , 1"" and 1""' apply concrete to the inside of the beam pipe 2 to increase the strength, thereby reducing the size of the beam pipe 2 such as wall thickness and saving material costs.
  • the present invention may include any feature or combination of features implicitly or explicitly disclosed herein, or a generalization thereof, and is not limited to any of the limited scopes listed above. Any of the elements, features and/or structural arrangements described herein may be combined in any suitable manner.

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种连接件，用于将第一管材和第二管材进行连接，其中，所述连接件具有：第一端部区段，该第一端部区段构造成用于与第一管材连接；第二端部区段，该第二端部区段构造成用于与第二管材连接；和中间区段，该中间区段位于第一端部区段和第二端部区段之间，其中，所述连接件构造成端侧敞开的中空型材，并且所述连接件在周侧具有开口，该开口至少在所述中间区段上延伸。连接件的技术效果在于，避免了两个管材的焊接连接。本发明还涉及梁柱连接节点、梁柱组件及其制造方法。

Description

连接件、梁柱连接节点、梁柱组件及其制造方法 技术领域
本发明涉及土木和建筑领域，更具体地涉及一种连接件、一种梁柱连接节点、一种梁柱组件及其制造方法。
背景技术
在土木和建筑领域，钢管经常被用于形成梁柱组件。在现有技术中，用于形成横梁的钢管通常在施工现场以焊接的方式固定在用于形成立柱的钢管上，由此在二者之间形成材料锁合连接。
然而上述焊接存在诸多不利之处。首先，在施工现场进行焊接会用到很多必需的焊接辅助设施，如吊装机、焊机、脚手架等，并且需要投入大量的人力成本来完成焊接。其次，能使用焊接进行连接的材料是有限的，除了钢之外，大部分材料不能或不适于焊接连接。但从材料成本和强度方面考虑，不适于或不能焊接连接的材料作为管材材料也可能是有利的。
此外，混凝土在各钢管内的浇注通常在施工现场在各钢管完成连接之后才进行，然而横梁钢管两端的封闭的焊接部位会导致无法再向横梁钢管内浇注混凝土。为了保证横梁的足够强度，只能增加横梁钢管的尺寸、如壁厚，这会导致材料成本的增加。
另外，在现有技术中，钢管的防火和防腐蚀功能通常通过在钢管外表面分别施加防腐蚀材料和防火材料来实现，即首先在工厂对钢管外表面施加防腐蚀材料，然后在施工现场再对其施加防火材料。然而，首先，防火材料在施工现场的施加会增加现场作业量，而相比于工厂作业，现场作业通常是不便利的，并且会不利地影响施工进度。其次，目前的防火防腐材料基于其材料特性而容易从钢管外表面脱落。对此，在现有技术中通常先对钢管外表面实施喷涂界面剂和打网格布等前置步骤，但这是费时且高成本的。
发明内容
因此，本发明旨在提供一种连接件、一种梁柱连接节点、一种梁柱组件及其制造方法，借助它们能够解决现有技术中存在的上述技术问题中的至少一个。
根据本发明的一个方面，本发明提供一种连接件，其用于将第一管材和第二管材进行连接，其中，所述连接件具有：
第一端部区段，该第一端部区段构造成用于与第一管材连接，
第二端部区段，该第二端部区段构造成用于与第二管材连接，和
中间区段，该中间区段位于第一端部区段和第二端部区段之间，
其中，所述连接件构造成端侧敞开的中空型材，并且所述连接件在周侧具有开口，该开口至少在所述中间区段上延伸。
有利地，所述第一端部区段和第二端部区段构造成分别与待连接的第一管材和第二管材形状配合，使得第一端部区段和第二端部区段能够分别***第一管材和第二管材内部或者套装到第一管材和第二管材外部。
有利地，所述第一端部区段和第二端部区段在周侧构造有供螺接件和/或铆接件穿过的通孔，以与第一管材和第二管材进行螺接和/或铆接。
有利地，所述螺接件是螺栓或螺钉，和/或所述铆接件是铆钉。
有利地，所述开口具有矩形、圆形或者椭圆形形状。
有利地，所述开口在连接件的整个长度上延伸。
有利地，所述连接件在其整个长度上恒定地具有大致U形的横截面。
有利地，所述连接件包括一个底壁和两个侧壁，两个侧壁分别在其自由端上具有朝向彼此延伸的折边部，在各折边部之间形成所述开口。
有利地，所述第一端部区段和第二端部区段分别至少在其部分长度上具有封闭的横截面。
有利地，所述开口在各封闭的横截面之间延伸。
有利地，所述开口在连接件的使用状态下朝向上方或者朝向侧向定向。
有利地，开口在中间区段上的尺寸构造成，安装人员的手或工具能够经由中间区段上的开口或开口部分伸入第一端部区段和第二端部区段内部。
有利地，开口在中间区段上的尺寸构造成，在连接件的使用状态下，混凝土能够经由中间区段上的开口或开口部分引入第一管材和第二管材内部。
有利地，所述第一管材和第二管材分别是用于建筑物的横梁管材和立柱管材。
根据本发明的另一个方面，本发明提供一种梁柱连接节点，其中，该梁柱连接节点包括：
横梁管材的一个端部区段，所述横梁管材构成为第一管材；
立柱管材的用于进行连接的一个接头，该接头以其一端固定在立柱管材上并且以其另一端朝向横梁管材指向，所述立柱管材构成为第二管材；
按照本发明的连接件，
其中，所述立柱管材以其接头通过所述连接件与横梁管材连接，
其中，连接件的第一端部区段***或套装到横梁管材的端部区段内部或外部，连接件的第二端部区段***或套装到立柱管材的接头的内部或外部，并且连接件的中间区段位于横梁管材的端部区段和立柱管材的接头之间。
有利地，连接件的第一端部区段和第二端部区段在周侧构造有供螺接件和/或铆接件穿过的通孔，并且横梁管材的端部区段和立柱管材的接头构造有与所述通孔相对应的通孔，通过这些通孔，连接件的第一端部区段和第二端部区段分别与横梁管材的端部区段和立柱管材的接头螺接和/或铆接。
有利地，连接件的第一端部区段和第二端部区段分别与横梁管材的端部区段和立柱管材的接头在横向方向上或者说径向方向上至少部分地间隔开距离。
有利地，所述第一端部区段和第二端部区段分别与横梁管材的端部区段和立柱管材的接头无铆钉铆接。
有利地，所述开口朝向上方或者朝向侧向敞开。
根据本发明的另一个方面，本发明提供一种梁柱组件，其中，该梁柱组件包括至少一个横梁管材、两个立柱管材和至少两个按照本发明的梁柱连接节点，每个梁柱连接节点包括横梁管材的两个端部区段之一、两个立柱管材之一的一个接头，以及一个按照本发明的连接件。
有利地，所述梁柱组件在外部设有包括钢筋框架和混凝土的钢筋混凝土结构。
有利地，所述钢筋框架包括在所属的横梁管材或立柱管材的纵向方向上延伸的纵向钢筋和横向地固定在纵向钢筋上的横向钢筋。
有利地，所述纵向钢筋通过定位装置定位，所述定位装置固定在横梁管材和立柱管材的外表面上。
有利地，所述定位装置构造成一件式的中空板，所述中空板被套装并固定在横梁管材和立柱管材的外表面上。
有利地，所述定位装置被固定在横梁管材的两个端部区段的纵向内侧。
有利地，所述定位装置设有通孔，纵向钢筋能够穿过所述通孔而基本上平行于相应的横梁管材或立柱管材定向。
有利地，所述定位装置构造成多件式的中空板或者单独的板片，并且能够直接从立柱管材或横梁管材侧面移近并固定在其外表面上。
有利地，所述固定通过焊接方式进行。
有利地，所述横梁管材在其内部具有经由连接件的开口引入的混凝土。
有利地，所述混凝土仅填充横梁管材内部的两个端部区域，而未填充其中间区域。
有利地，所述混凝土填充整个横梁管材内部。
根据本发明的另一个方面，本发明提供一种用于制造按照本发明的梁柱组件的方法，其中，所述方法至少包括如下步骤：
a)提供两个分别带有接头的立柱管材和至少一个横梁管材；
b)在所述立柱管材的除了接头之外的部分的外侧形成钢筋混凝土结构，并且在所述横梁管材的外侧、在其两个端部区段之间形成钢筋混凝土结构；
c)将横梁管材的每个端部区段分别利用按照本发明的连接件与立柱管材之一的一个接头连接，从而形成两个按照本发明的梁柱连接节点；
d)向立柱管材内部引入混凝土，并且通过两个连接件的开口中的至少之一向横梁管材内部引入混凝土；
e)在两个梁柱连接节点的外侧引入混凝土，以形成钢筋混凝土结构。
有利地，所述步骤a)还包括：分别将至少两个用于定位钢筋框架的纵向钢筋的定位装置套装并固定在每个立柱管材上和所述横梁管材上。
有利地，所述步骤c)还包括：将连接件的第一端部区段和第二端部区段分别与横梁管材和立柱管材通过螺接件和/或铆接件连接。
有利地，在工厂实施步骤a)和b)。
有利地，在施工现场实施步骤c)-e)。
本领域技术人员通过参照下面列出的附图阅读相应实施例的如下详细描述，将会明白相应实施例以及各种另外的实施例的优点。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步进行说明，其中：
图1a至图1c分别是本发明的连接件的第一实施例的透视图、端部视图和俯视图，
图2a至图2d分别是本发明的连接件的第二、第三、第四和第五实施例的透视图，
图3a至图3d是本发明的梁柱组件的不同实施例的透视图，其中未示出其外侧的 钢筋混凝土结构，
图4a至图4d是图3a至图3d中的梁柱组件的局部放大图，
图5a是图3a中的梁柱组件的透视图，其中示出了其外侧的钢筋定位装置和钢筋框架，
图5b是图5a中的钢筋定位装置的透视图，
图6是本发明的梁柱组件的透视图，其中示出了其外侧的钢筋混凝土结构，
图7是本发明的梁柱组件的透视图，其中在梁柱连接节点外侧尚未引入混凝土。
具体实施方式
下面描述本发明的各个说明性实施例。在本说明书中，仅为了解释起见，在附图中示意性地描绘各个***、结构和装置，但未描述实际***、结构和装置的所有特征，比如熟知的功能或结构并未详细描述，以避免不必要的细节使得本发明模糊不清。当然应该明白，在任何实际应用时，需要作出许多具体实施决策以达到开发者或使用者的特定目标，并且需要遵从与***相关和行业相关的限制，这些特定目标可能随着实际应用的不同而不同。此外，应该明白，这样的具体实施决策虽然是复杂的且耗费大量时间的，然而这对于受益于本申请的本领域普通技术人员来说是例行任务。
本文使用的术语和短语应该被理解和解释为具有与相关领域技术人员对这些术语和短语的理解一致的含义。本文的术语或短语的一致用法不意在暗示术语或短语的特殊定义，即，与本领域技术人员所理解的普通和惯常含义不同的定义。对于意在具有特殊含义的术语或短语，即，与技术人员所理解的不同的含义，这种特殊定义将在说明书中以定义方式明确列出，直接且毫不含糊地给出术语或短语的特殊定义。
除非内容要求，否则在下文的整个说明书中，词语“包括”及其变型、诸如“包含”将以开放式的、包容的意义来解释，也就是如“包括但不限于”。
在本说明书的整个描述中，参考术语“一实施例”、“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。因而，整个该说明书中不同地方出现的短语“在一个实施例中”或者“在一实施例中”不是必须都涉及相同实施例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对 重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”等的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本发明的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“联接”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
在接下来的附图描述中，相同的附图标记在整个附图及其描述中指代相似或相同的元件。此外，下面所讨论的附图的各个特征没有必要按比例绘制。附图中的各个特征和元件的尺寸可以扩大或缩小，以更清楚地示出本发明的实施例。关于从附图中能够直接识别的教导的补充方面参见相关的现有技术。在此要注意的是，能够实行关于实施方式的形式和细节的多种改型和变化，而不会偏离本发明的总体构思。
图1a至图2b示出本发明的连接件1'、1”、1”'的不同示例性实施例。本发明的连接件1'、1”、1”'可以用于将两个待连接构件进行连接。在本发明中，待连接构件例如可以是管材、如土木和建筑领域的横梁管材2和立柱管材3，但不限于此。
图1a至图1c示出按照本发明第一实施例的连接件1'。
由图1a和图1c可见，连接件1'可以具有长形的中空型材结构。连接件1'在其两个端侧可以是敞开的，即可以具有两个端侧敞开的开口。
由图1b可见，连接件1'可以在其整个长度上具有大致U形的横截面，因此连接件1'可以包括一个底壁4和两个垂直于底壁4延伸并且彼此对置的侧壁5、6。
两个侧壁5、6可以分别在其自由端上具有一个折边部7。两个折边部7可以垂直于侧壁5、6地或者说平行于底壁4地朝向彼此延伸。两个折边部7可以位于同一平面上。两个折边部7可以具有相同的宽度，但这并不是强制要求的，即，也可以具有不同的宽度，但两个折边部7的宽度之和小于两个侧壁5、6之间的距离。
折边部7的设计在此是有利的。一方面，连接件1'基于其折边部7而能够承受更大的弯曲力矩。另一方面，连接件1'可以以其折边部7与待连接管材2、3或者与混凝土实现有利的面接触，由此增大承载能力。
两个折边部7可以共同围成连接件1'的在其周侧敞开的开口8。该开口8可以从连接件1'的一个端侧延伸到另一个端侧。开口8可以在其长度上具有不变的宽度。在 其它实施方式中，开口8也可以在其长度上具有变化的宽度，例如在其中间部分的宽度可以大于在其两端的宽度。
由图1a和图1c可见，连接件1'从左至右可以包括一个左侧区段9、一个中间区段10和一个右侧区段11。左侧区段9和右侧区段11可以分别与两个待连接管材2、3连接，而中间区段10因此可以位于两个待连接管材2、3之间。
在一些实施方式中，左侧区段9和右侧区段11的外部轮廓可以相应于两个待连接管材2、3的内部轮廓，或者说可以与之形状配合。由此，左侧区段9和右侧区段11可以分别***两个待连接管材2、3之一的一个端部区段的内部，参见图3a和图4a。左侧区段9和右侧区段11的底壁4和侧壁5、6以及折边部7既可以都贴靠在管材2、3的内表面上，也可以部分地与管材2、3的内表面间隔开距离。例如，左侧区段9和右侧区段11的侧壁5、6或者折边部7可以与管材2、3的内表面间隔开距离，因此存在间隙。间隙的存在可以便利于连接件向管材2、3中的***。间隙可以在后续浇入混凝土时被混凝土填充，从而避免连接件1'与管材2、3直接接触(例如钢与钢接触)和由此带来的摩擦噪声。
在一些实施方式中，左侧区段9和右侧区段11的内部轮廓可以相应于两个待连接管材2、3的外部轮廓，或者说可以与之形状配合。由此，左侧区段9和右侧区段11可以分别套装在两个待连接管材2、3之一的一个端部区段的外部，参见图3b和图4b。左侧区段9和右侧区段11的底壁4和侧壁5、6以及折边部7既可以都贴靠在管材2、3的外表面上，也可以部分地与管材2、3的外表面间隔开距离。例如，左侧区段9和右侧区段11的侧壁5、6或者折边部7可以与管材2、3的外表面间隔开距离，因此存在间隙。间隙的存在可以便利于连接件1'向管材2、3上的套装。间隙可以在后续浇入混凝土时被混凝土填充，从而避免连接件1'与管材2、3直接接触(例如钢与钢接触)和由此带来的摩擦噪声。
在一些实施方式中，左侧区段9和右侧区段11之一的内部轮廓可以相应于两个待连接管材2、3之一的外部轮廓，或者说可以与之形状配合，而左侧区段9和右侧区段11中的另一个的外部轮廓可以相应于两个待连接管材2、3中的另一个的内部轮廓，或者说可以与之形状配合。也就是说，连接件1'的这种设计是上述两种设计的组合(在此未示出)。由此，左侧区段9和右侧区段11可以分别套装和***两个待连接管材2、3之一上或内。
连接件1'的相对于待连接构件的以上三种设计可以根据实际需要自由选择。对于 第一种设计，其在连接部位具有较大的弯曲强度和扭转强度，并且因连接件1'处于管材2、3内部而不会妨碍后续对管材2、3外表面的处理，例如施加混凝土等。对于第二种设计，其不仅适于管材2、3的连接，而且适于实心构件之间的连接，这是因为连接件1'包覆在构件外部。第三种设计是前两种设计的结合。当然，本发明不限于上述三种示例性的设计，只要能利用连接件1'的左侧区段9和右侧区段11将两个待连接构件连接的设计应都包括在内。
连接件1'的相对于待连接构件的以上三种设计均可以阻止两个构件沿其横向方向的相对运动，即限制了两个构件在横向方向上的两个自由度。
为了阻止两个构件沿纵向方向的相对运动，即限制两个构件在纵向方向上的第三自由度，连接件1'与构件之间的附加连接方式可以被引入。
为此，左侧区段9和右侧区段11可以设有通孔12，所述通孔12可以构造成能被螺接件13、例如螺钉或者螺栓穿过，借助其可以将左侧区段9和右侧区段11与管材2、3附加地螺接。通孔12也可以构造成能被铆接件穿过，借助其可以将左侧区段9和右侧区段11与管材2、3铆接。当然，螺接和铆接的组合使用也是可行的。
通孔12可以布置在左侧区段9和右侧区段11的侧壁5、6上，例如成排地布置。在图示实施例中，在左侧区段9和右侧区段11的每个侧壁5、6上分别布置有3(排)x2(列)＝6个通孔12。通孔12还可以布置在左侧区段9和右侧区段11的底壁4上，例如也是成排地布置。在图示实施例中，在左侧区段9和右侧区段11的每个底壁4上分别布置有1(排)x2(列)＝2个通孔12。此外，通孔12还可以布置在左侧区段9和右侧区段11的折边部7上，例如也成排地布置(未示出)。
除了上述的借助于铆钉进行的铆接之外，也可以考虑无铆钉铆接即冲压铆接等其它机械连接方式。这些连接方式不仅能限制两个构件之间的第三自由度，也能辅助限制横向上的另外两个自由度。
左侧区段9和右侧区段11可以具有相同的长度，但这不是强制要求的，而是可以根据实际情况、例如根据待连接管材2、3的自身长度而改变。中间区段10的长度可以在60mm-90mm的范围内。
参见图4a和图4b，在连接件1'的使用状态或者说连接状态下，左侧区段9和右侧区段11分别与两个管材2、3之一在纵向方向上重叠，而中间区段10位于两个管材2、3之间而不与它们重叠。在此，开口8在中间区段10上的开口部分对于本发明是重要的，因为经由该开口部分可以从外部够到管材2、3内部或者说连接件1'的左 侧区段9和右侧区段11内部。因此，该开口部分可以赋予连接件1'除其连接功能之外的其它重要功能。一方面，辅助实施螺接或铆接的工具(例如扳手)可以经由该开口部分伸入管材2、3内部。另一方面，流体材料、例如混凝土可以经由该开口部分浇入管材2、3内部，以对管材2、3进行强度增强。
图2a和图2b分别示出按照本发明第二和第三实施例的连接件1”、1”'。接下来仅描述连接件1”、1”'与连接件1'的不同之处，而省却对相同部分的赘述。
由图2a和图2b可见，对于连接件1”、1”'而言，开口8仅在中间区段10的顶壁上延伸，而左侧区段9和右侧区段11是周向封闭的，即具有周向封闭的口字形横截面。相比于连接件1'，连接件1”、1”'因周向基本上封闭而可以具有更高的强度、尤其是抗扭强度。但连接件1'更节约材料。
连接件1”的使用状态可以参见图3c和图4c，并且连接件1”'的使用状态可以参见图3d和图4d。从这些图中可见，连接件1”、1”'的开口8均位于两个管材2、3之间而未被遮盖，因此它们可以如连接件1'的开口8那样实现上述功能。虽然未示出，但连接件1”、1”'也可以如图3b和图4b中的连接件1'那样以其左侧区段9和右侧区段11套装在管材2、3的外表面上，并且也可以以二者之一套装在一个管材2、3外，而以二者之另一个***另一管材3、2内。
连接件1”、1”'的区别可以仅在于它们的开口8形状，即前者是圆形，而后者是椭圆形。但在此也可以考虑开口8的其它形状，如矩形等，只要开口8能实现上述功能即可。
图2c和图2d分别示出按照本发明第四和第五实施例的连接件1””、1””'。接下来仅描述连接件1””、1””'与连接件1”、1”'的不同之处，而省却对相同部分的赘述。
由图2c和图2d可见，对于连接件1””、1””'而言，开口8仅在中间区段10的侧壁上延伸。
当然也可想到必要时既在中间区段10的顶壁上、又在中间区段10的侧壁上设置开口8。
在本发明的连接件1'、1”、1”'、1””、1””'的材料方面，其例如可以由钢制成。由于可不进行焊接，连接件1'、1”、1”'、1””、1””'也可以由其它金属或者高分子复合材料制成，例如可以是比钢轻的铝合金、镁合金和玻璃纤维增强塑料(玻璃钢)等。连接件1'、1”、1”'、1””、1””'的材料可以根据实际应用条件 而变化，通过选择连接件材料可以在力学需求和材料成本之间达到最佳协调。因此，对于本发明的连接件1'、1”、1”'、1””、1””'，原则上可以自由选择材料种类。
图3a至图3d示出分别通过连接件1'、1”、1”'连接而成的梁柱组件14的四种实施例，为描述方便，仅主要示出梁柱组件14的横梁管材2、立柱管材3及连接件1'、1”、1”'。图4a至图4d分别示出图3a至图3d中的梁柱组件14的局部放大图，以更清楚地看出梁柱之间的梁柱连接节点26，其可以包括横梁管材2的一个端部区段16、立柱管材3的一个接头15和一个连接件1'、1”、1”'。
图3a和图4a示出梁柱组件14的第一实施例。在此可看到梁柱组件14的两个立柱管材3和一个位于它们之间的经由连接件1'连接的横梁管材2。立柱管材3和横梁管材2可以具有与连接件1'形状相匹配的矩形横截面。在其它实施例中，立柱管材3或者横梁管材2也可以具有圆形或其它形状的横截面，而连接件1'的形状也应随之改变。
每个立柱管材3在大致中间部位可以设有一个或多个用于连接横梁管材2的接头15。接头15在本发明中可以被视为立柱管材3的一部分。接头15也可以由管材构成。在所示实施例中，四个接头15相继以90°角设置在立柱管材3的四个侧壁上。但接头15的数量可以随着立柱管材3总共要连接的横梁管材2数量而改变。接头15可以垂直于立柱管材3延伸并且以其一端固定在立柱管材3上，该固定可以通过焊接或者其它机械连接方式实现。接头15另一端敞开，并且可以用于与连接件1'连接。接头15可以在自由的端部区段上设有用于螺接件13或铆接件的通孔12。
横梁管材2可以在两端敞开，并且其横截面形状可以与接头15相应。横梁管材2的两个端部区段16、17分别可以设有用于螺接件13或铆接件的通孔12。
横梁管材2可以以其左侧的端部区段16经由一个连接件1'与左侧立柱管材3的一个接头15连接。这可从图4a所示的局部放大图更清楚地看出。连接件1'的左侧区段9可以***接头15内部并且因此不可见，连接件1'的右侧区段11可以***横梁管材2内部并且因此不可见，而连接件1'的中间区段10位于接头15和横梁管材2之间并且因此可见。开口8在中间区段10上的开口部分可以朝上敞开并且可被从外部够到。如上面提到，在安装螺接件13或者铆接件时，安装人员可以经由该开口部分够到接头15和横梁管材2的内部或者说连接件1'的左侧区段9和右侧区段11内部，因此安装人员可以方便地将螺接件13或者铆接件穿过通孔12并牢靠地加以紧固。
横梁管材2可以以其右侧的端部区段17经由另一个连接件1'与右侧立柱管材3 的一个接头15连接。右侧连接方式可以同左侧，这里不再赘述。
图3b至图3d结合图4b至4d示出梁柱组件14的第二、第三和第四实施例。它们与第一实施例的梁柱组件14的区别可以仅在于连接件1'、1”、1”'本身及连接件1'、1”、1”'相对于待连接构件的设置方式。
具体而言，在图3b和图4b所示第二实施例中，连接件1'可以套装在接头15和横梁管材2外部；在图3c和图4c所示第三实施例中，连接件1”可以***接头15和横梁管材2内部；在图3d和图4d所示第四实施例中，连接件1”'可以***接头15和横梁管材2内部。
图5a示意性示出按照本发明第一实施例的梁柱组件14，其中可看到位于立柱管材3和横梁管材2外部的钢筋定位装置18和钢筋框架19。钢筋定位装置18(下称“定位装置18”)可以固定于立柱管材3和横梁管材2外表面上。钢筋框架19可以包括通过定位装置18定位的纵向钢筋20和垂直于纵向钢筋20定向的横向钢筋21。横向钢筋21可以环绕纵向钢筋20地固定在其上，以形成牢靠的钢筋框架19。
参见图5b，定位装置18可以构造成具有中央开口22的中空板，该中央开口22的尺寸和形状可以相应于立柱管材3和横梁管材2的外表面的尺寸和形状，从而定位装置18可以以该中央开口22套装在立柱管材3和横梁管材2的外表面上。定位装置18在立柱管材3和横梁管材2的外表面上的固定可以以焊接方式进行，当然也可想到粘接方式等其它合适的机械连接方式。在固定之后，中空板的板面可以基本上垂直于立柱管材3和横梁管材2的纵向方向。
定位装置18可以设有通孔23，每个通孔23可以供一个纵向钢筋20穿过。在图5b所示实施例中，定位装置18在其两个对置的侧边上分别相继地设有四个通孔23。但通孔23在定位装置18上的数量和排列方式可以根据实际需求而改变。通孔23的轴线可以垂直于定位装置18的板面定向，由此，穿过通孔23的纵向钢筋20可以平行于所属的管材纵轴线而定向。
在所示实施例中，定位装置18可以是一件式构成的中空板。在安装时，将该中空板从管材2、3的一端套装在管材外表面的期望的部位上并固定。
在一些实施方式中，定位装置18也可以是多件式构成的中空板，例如包括两个半板，这两个半板可以组合成一个中空板。在一些实施方式中，定位装置18可以是任意的单独的板片，例如矩形板片。这些半板或者板片可以不必套装在管材2、3上，而是可以直接从管材2、3侧面移近并固定在管材2、3外表面上。
在一些实施方式中，定位装置18可以是相对于上述板件而厚度较大的块体。
基于纵向钢筋20自身的较长长度，多个定位装置18通常可以配合使用来对它们进行定位。也就是说，同一根纵向钢筋20要穿过两个或以上的定位装置18，这些定位装置18在横梁管材2的纵向方向上可以彼此间隔开一定距离地布置。
图6示意性示出按照本发明第一实施例的梁柱组件14，其中可看到图5a中的钢筋框架19已经被混凝土填充和遮盖，并且因此在管材2、3上形成钢筋混凝土结构24。
由图6可见，梁柱组件14除了立柱管材3的还未使用的接头15和端部连接部位25之外，均已形成钢筋混凝土结构24。而还未使用的接头15和端部连接部位25后续还可以与其它横梁管材或者立柱管材连接。
在本发明中，在横梁管材2和立柱管材3外侧形成的钢筋混凝土结构24可以具有防腐蚀和防火的功能。因此，该钢筋混凝土结构24可以意想不到地毫无问题地取代在现有技术中分别在工厂和施工现场施加的防腐蚀材料和防火材料。
钢筋混凝土结构24的厚度可以大于定位装置18在管材外表面上的沿径向或者说横向的高度，由此，定位装置18可以被混凝土完全埋没。如果定位装置18暴露在混凝土外面，则会影响横梁的美观并且定位装置18容易被腐蚀。钢筋混凝土结构24的厚度可以大约在50mm-60mm的范围内，但不限于此，只要能够取代现有的防火防腐涂层来起到防火防腐蚀功能即可。
接下来结合图7来描述本发明的如图6所示的梁柱组件14的示例性制造方法，其主要包括如下步骤：
在工厂，提供或者制造两个立柱管材3和一个横梁管材2，每个立柱管材3分别包括接头15，在接头15上以及在横梁管材2的两个端部区段16、17上分别引入通孔12；
在工厂，分别将多个定位装置18彼此间隔开一定距离地套装并焊接到每个立柱管材3的不同部位上、通过定位装置18引入纵向钢筋20、将横向钢筋21焊接到纵向钢筋20上以形成钢筋框架19、最后在立柱管材3的除了接头15和端部连接部位25之外的区段外表面上引入混凝土，以在立柱管材3外表面上部分地形成钢筋混凝土结构24；
在工厂，分别将多个定位装置18彼此间隔开一定距离地套装并焊接到每个横梁管材2的在两个端部区段16、17之间的不同部位上、通过定位装置18引入纵向钢筋20、将横向钢筋21焊接到纵向钢筋20上以形成钢筋框架19、最后在横梁管材2的两 个端部区段16、17之间的区段外表面上引入混凝土，以在横梁管材2的外表面上部分地形成钢筋混凝土结构24；
参见图7，在施工现场，将横梁管材2的尚未施加混凝土的每个端部区段16、17分别利用一个连接件1'、1”、1”'与各一个立柱管材3的一个接头15连接，其中，连接件1'、1”、1”'上的开口8或者开口部分向上敞开，在开口8或者开口部分的辅助下，将螺接件13或铆接件引入通孔12中并紧固；
在施工现场，通过两个连接件1'、1”、1”'的开口8或开口部分向横梁管材2内部引入混凝土。如果横梁管材2足够短，并且其本身已经足以达到强度要求，则此步骤可省略。引入横梁管材2内部的混凝土可以完全填充横梁管材2，也可以仅填充横梁管材2的两端，而中间部分不被填充。后者可以赋予横梁一定的塑性；
在施工现场，在两个梁柱连接节点26处的外侧引入混凝土，从而横梁管材2与连接的两个接头15共同形成一个在外侧带有钢筋混凝土结构24的横梁构件，参见图6。
下面总结性介绍本发明的梁柱组件14及其制造方法的各种可能的优点，但不局限于这些优点。此外，本发明的各个技术方案可以仅具有其中一部分优点；对于其中任一个优点，本发明的各个技术方案可以完全具有该优点，也可以仅仅在部分程度上具有该优点。
一方面，大部分、甚至所有焊接步骤均在工厂完成，而在施工现场基本或完全不需要焊接步骤，这大幅降低了施工现场的由焊接带来的时间和成本方面的耗费。
另一方面，代替现有技术中在工厂和施工现场分别施加防腐蚀材料和防火材料，在本发明中仅使用钢筋混凝土结构24即可同时实现防腐防火功能，并且大部分(即除了梁柱连接节点26处之外的)钢筋混凝土结构24的施加在工厂已完成，而在施工现场只需对梁柱连接节点26处施加混凝土，这进一步降低施工现场的作业量。本发明的钢筋混凝土结构24不易从管材外表面脱落。
最后，基于本发明的连接件1'、1”、1”'、1””、1””'的使用，不仅弃用了焊接连接，而且可以经由连接件1'、1”、1”'、1””、1””'上的开口8向横梁管材2内部施加混凝土以增加强度，由此可减小横梁管材2的尺寸如壁厚，节省材料成本。
本发明可以包括在此隐含或明确公开的任何特征或特征组合或其概括，不局限于上述罗列的任何限定的范围。在此所述的有关任何元件、特征和/或结构布置可以以 任何适合的方式组合。
以上公开的特定实施例仅是示例性的，对于受益于本文的教导的本领域技术人员来说显然的是，可以以不同但等同的方式修改和实施本发明。因此显然的是，可对以上公开的具体实施例进行改变和修改，并且所有这些变型都被认为是落入本发明的范围和精神之内。

Claims (36)

  1. 一种连接件，用于将第一管材和第二管材进行连接，其特征在于，所述连接件具有：
    第一端部区段，该第一端部区段构造成用于与第一管材连接，
    第二端部区段，该第二端部区段构造成用于与第二管材连接，和
    中间区段，该中间区段位于第一端部区段和第二端部区段之间，
    其中，所述连接件构造成端侧敞开的中空型材，并且所述连接件在周侧具有开口，该开口至少在所述中间区段上延伸。
  2. 按照权利要求1所述的连接件，其特征在于，所述第一端部区段和第二端部区段构造成分别与待连接的第一管材和第二管材形状配合，使得第一端部区段和第二端部区段能够分别***第一管材和第二管材内部或者套装到第一管材和第二管材外部。
  3. 按照权利要求1或2所述的连接件，其特征在于，所述第一端部区段和第二端部区段在周侧构造有供螺接件和/或铆接件穿过的通孔，以与第一管材和第二管材进行螺接和/或铆接。
  4. 按照权利要求3所述的连接件，其特征在于，所述螺接件是螺栓或螺钉，和/或所述铆接件是铆钉。
  5. 按照权利要求1或2所述的连接件，其特征在于，所述开口具有矩形、圆形或者椭圆形形状。
  6. 按照权利要求1或2所述的连接件，其特征在于，所述开口在连接件的整个长度上延伸。
  7. 按照权利要求6所述的连接件，其特征在于，所述连接件在其整个长度上恒定地具有大致U形的横截面。
  8. 按照权利要求7所述的连接件，其特征在于，所述连接件包括一个底壁和两个侧壁，两个侧壁分别在其自由端上具有朝向彼此延伸的折边部，在各折边部之间形成所述开口。
  9. 按照权利要求1或2所述的连接件，其特征在于，所述第一端部区段和第二端部区段分别至少在其部分长度上具有封闭的横截面。
  10. 按照权利要求9所述的连接件，其特征在于，所述开口在各封闭的横截面之间延伸。
  11. 按照权利要求1或2所述的连接件，其特征在于，所述开口在连接件的使用状态下朝向上方或者朝向侧向定向。
  12. 按照权利要求3所述的连接件，其特征在于，开口在中间区段上的尺寸构造成，安装人员的手或工具能够经由中间区段上的开口或开口部分伸入第一端部区段和第二端部区段内部。
  13. 按照权利要求11所述的连接件，其特征在于，开口在中间区段上的尺寸构造成，在连接件的使用状态下，混凝土能够经由中间区段上的开口或开口部分引入第一管材和第二管材内部。
  14. 按照权利要求1或2所述的连接件，其特征在于，所述第一管材和第二管材分别是用于建筑物的横梁管材和立柱管材。
  15. 一种梁柱连接节点，其特征在于，该梁柱连接节点包括：
    横梁管材的一个端部区段，所述横梁管材构成为第一管材；
    立柱管材的用于进行连接的一个接头，该接头以其一端固定在立柱管材上并且以其另一端朝向横梁管材指向，所述立柱管材构成为第二管材；
    按照权利要求1至14中任一项所述的连接件，
    其中，所述立柱管材以其接头通过所述连接件与横梁管材连接，
    其中，连接件的第一端部区段***或套装到横梁管材的端部区段内部或外部，连接件的第二端部区段***或套装到立柱管材的接头的内部或外部，并且连接件的中间区段位于横梁管材的端部区段和立柱管材的接头之间。
  16. 按照权利要求15所述的梁柱连接节点，其特征在于，连接件的第一端部区段和第二端部区段在周侧构造有供螺接件和/或铆接件穿过的通孔，并且横梁管材的端部区段和立柱管材的接头构造有与所述通孔相对应的通孔，通过这些通孔，连接件的第一端部区段和第二端部区段分别与横梁管材的端部区段和立柱管材的接头螺接和/ 或铆接。
  17. 按照权利要求15或16所述的梁柱连接节点，其特征在于，连接件的第一端部区段和第二端部区段分别与横梁管材的端部区段和立柱管材的接头在横向方向上或者说径向方向上至少部分地间隔开距离。
  18. 按照权利要求15所述的梁柱连接节点，其特征在于，所述第一端部区段和第二端部区段分别与横梁管材的端部区段和立柱管材的接头无铆钉铆接。
  19. 按照权利要求15或16所述的梁柱连接节点，其特征在于，所述开口朝向上方或者朝向侧向敞开。
  20. 一种梁柱组件，其特征在于，该梁柱组件包括至少一个横梁管材、两个立柱管材和至少两个按照权利要求15至19中任一项所述的梁柱连接节点，每个梁柱连接节点包括横梁管材的两个端部区段之一、两个立柱管材之一的一个接头，以及一个按照权利要求1至14中任一项所述的连接件。
  21. 按照权利要求20所述的梁柱组件，其特征在于，所述梁柱组件在外部设有包括钢筋框架和混凝土的钢筋混凝土结构。
  22. 按照权利要求21所述的梁柱组件，其特征在于，所述钢筋框架包括在所属的横梁管材或立柱管材的纵向方向上延伸的纵向钢筋和横向地固定在纵向钢筋上的横向钢筋。
  23. 按照权利要求22所述的梁柱组件，其特征在于，所述纵向钢筋通过定位装置定位，所述定位装置固定在横梁管材和立柱管材的外表面上。
  24. 按照权利要求23所述的梁柱组件，其特征在于，所述定位装置构造成一件式的中空板，所述中空板被套装并固定在横梁管材和立柱管材的外表面上。
  25. 按照权利要求23所述的梁柱组件，其特征在于，所述定位装置被固定在横梁管材的两个端部区段的纵向内侧。
  26. 按照权利要求23所述的梁柱组件，其特征在于，所述定位装置设有通孔，纵向钢筋能够穿过所述通孔而基本上平行于相应的横梁管材或立柱管材定向。
  27. 按照权利要求23所述的梁柱组件，其特征在于，所述定位装置构造成多件式的中空板或者单独的板片，并且能够直接从立柱管材或横梁管材侧面移近并固定在其外表面上。
  28. 按照权利要求24或27所述的梁柱组件，其特征在于，所述固定通过焊接方式进行。
  29. 按照权利要求20所述的梁柱组件，其特征在于，所述横梁管材在其内部具有经由连接件的开口引入的混凝土。
  30. 按照权利要求29所述的梁柱组件，其特征在于，所述混凝土仅填充横梁管材内部的两个端部区域，而未填充其中间区域。
  31. 按照权利要求29所述的梁柱组件，其特征在于，所述混凝土填充整个横梁管材内部。
  32. 用于制造按照权利要求21至31中任一项所述的梁柱组件的方法，其特征在于，所述方法至少包括如下步骤：
    a)提供两个分别带有接头的立柱管材和至少一个横梁管材；
    b)在所述立柱管材的除了接头之外的部分的外侧形成钢筋混凝土结构，并且在所述横梁管材的外侧、在其两个端部区段之间形成钢筋混凝土结构；
    c)将横梁管材的每个端部区段分别利用按照权利要求1至14中任一项所述的连接件与立柱管材之一的一个接头连接，从而形成两个按照权利要求15至19中任一项所述的梁柱连接节点；
    d)向立柱管材内部引入混凝土，并且通过两个连接件的开口中的至少之一向横梁管材内部引入混凝土；
    e)在两个梁柱连接节点的外侧引入混凝土，以形成钢筋混凝土结构。
  33. 按照权利要求32所述的方法，其特征在于，所述步骤a)还包括：分别将至少两个用于定位钢筋框架的纵向钢筋的定位装置套装并固定在每个立柱管材上和所述横梁管材上。
  34. 按照权利要求32所述的方法，其特征在于，所述步骤c)还包括：将连接件的第一端部区段和第二端部区段分别与横梁管材和立柱管材通过螺接件和/或铆接 件连接。
  35. 按照权利要求32所述的方法，其特征在于，在工厂实施步骤a)和b)。
  36. 按照权利要求32所述的方法，其特征在于，在施工现场实施步骤c)-e)。
PCT/CN2021/110852 2020-09-07 2021-08-05 连接件、梁柱连接节点、梁柱组件及其制造方法 WO2022048388A1 (zh)

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