WO2022048320A1 - 液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架 - Google Patents
液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022048320A1 WO2022048320A1 PCT/CN2021/106327 CN2021106327W WO2022048320A1 WO 2022048320 A1 WO2022048320 A1 WO 2022048320A1 CN 2021106327 W CN2021106327 W CN 2021106327W WO 2022048320 A1 WO2022048320 A1 WO 2022048320A1
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- climbing
- lifting
- truss
- track
- climbing frame
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D21/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for erecting or assembling bridges
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
- E01D19/14—Towers; Anchors ; Connection of cables to bridge parts; Saddle supports
Definitions
- the application relates to the technical field of cable tower construction, in particular to a hydraulic self-elevating integrated cable-stayed bridge lifting formwork.
- the purpose of this application is to provide a hydraulic self-elevating integrated cable-stayed bridge lifting formwork that is convenient for construction.
- a hydraulic self-elevating integrated cable-stayed bridge lifting formwork includes a self-climbing system, a hoisting system and a hydraulic lifting system; wherein,
- the self-climbing system includes an anchor seat pre-buried on the surface of the structure, a track attached to the anchor seat, and a climbing assembly hooked on the track, the climbing assembly is provided with a clearance fit with the track. an anti-hook portion, the climbing assembly and the track are fixed by pinning;
- the hoisting system is connected with the climbing assembly, the hoisting system climbs along the track through the climbing assembly, and the hydraulic hoisting system is arranged on the hoisting system and can be relative to the hoisting The system is moved longitudinally or laterally for hoisting the connecting structure to the top of the installation structure for installation.
- the bridge deck crane can be obtained by simply modifying the hydraulic self-elevating integrated cable-stayed bridge lifting formwork, thereby The steel box girder is hoisted to reduce the project cost.
- the sliding swing bearing and the swing bearing are arranged between the climbing frame and the hoisting truss to ensure that the inclined tower section with variable cross-section is constructed during the construction.
- the sliding swing bearing and the swing bearing can change the angle between the climbing frame and the lifting truss to adapt to the change of the distance between the climbing frames on both sides, so that the lifting truss can be kept in a horizontal state to ensure the hydraulic automatic Lifting integrated cable-stayed bridge lifts the stability of the formwork to lift the structure.
- a horizontal constant reaction force mechanism is set between the climbing frames on both sides of the same structure, and the horizontal constant reaction force mechanism moves the two groups of climbing frames on the level. Constrain the inner direction, thereby eliminating the uncertainty of the relative lateral position between the climbing frame and the track during the crawling process of the lifting formwork due to the influence of the horizontal force, and improving the overall stability of the lifting formwork
- Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the hydraulic self-elevating integrated cable-stayed bridge lifting formwork of the application
- Fig. 2 is the enlarged schematic diagram of A part of Fig. 1;
- Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the hydraulic self-elevating integrated cable-stayed bridge lifting formwork of the application for indicating the hoisting installation position;
- Fig. 4 is the enlarged schematic diagram of B part of Fig. 3;
- Fig. 5 is the enlarged schematic diagram of C part of Fig. 3;
- Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the self-climbing system in the hydraulic self-elevating integrated cable-stayed bridge lifting formwork of the application;
- FIG. 7 is a side view of the self-climbing system in the lifting formwork of the hydraulic self-elevating integrated cable-stayed bridge of the application;
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation relationship between the climbing components and the rails in the lifting formwork of the hydraulic self-elevating integrated cable-stayed bridge of the application;
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a climbing frame in the lifting formwork of the hydraulic self-elevating integrated cable-stayed bridge of the application.
- Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the lifting truss of the hydraulic self-elevating integrated cable-stayed bridge lifting formwork of the application;
- FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the bridge deck crane of the present application.
- Hydraulic lifting system 41. Jacking oil cylinder; 42. The first traveling jack; 43. The second traveling jack; 10000, Hydraulic self-elevating integrated cable-stayed bridge lifting formwork; , crane truss; 20002, crane crane; 20003, crane jack mechanism; 20004, spreader; 20005, track beam; 20006, slipper; 20007, walking cylinder; 20008, front support cylinder; seat; 20010, rear support cylinder.
- the application discloses a hydraulic self-elevating integrated cable-stayed bridge lifting formwork 10000 , which can effectively realize the rapid construction of the steel tower column of the cable-stayed bridge, which is conducive to the closed construction and safety management, improves the construction efficiency and reduces the construction cost.
- the hydraulic self-elevating integrated cable-stayed bridge lifting formwork 10000 includes a self-climbing system 1, a hoisting system 2 and a hydraulic system, wherein the hoisting system 2 and the self-climbing system
- the system 1 is connected to realize the climbing of the hoisting system 2 along the height direction of the structure through the self-climbing system 1.
- the hydraulic system includes a hydraulic lifting system 3 and a self-climbing hydraulic system, and the hydraulic lifting system 3 is provided.
- the self-climbing system 1 is mainly responsible for the lifting and climbing work of the whole machine, and controls the movement of the hydraulic lifting system 3 relative to the hoisting system 2 .
- the hydraulic system of the present application adopts an open system, that is, after the hydraulic pump sucks the hydraulic oil from the oil tank, it is output to each actuator, and the return oil of each actuator is directly returned to the oil tank, which has a simple structure and good heat dissipation and oil filtering conditions.
- the self-climbing system 1 includes an anchoring seat 11 embedded in the surface of a structure, a track 12 attached to the anchoring seat 11 and a climbing component hooked on the track 12 in reverse.
- the climbing assembly and the rail 12 are in clearance fit.
- the climbing assembly and the rail 12 can be fixed by pinning.
- the anchoring bases 11 are provided with a plurality of them and are pre-buried on the surface of the structure at a preset vertical distance. connected and attached to the same anchor seat 11 , and the anchor seat 11 and the rail 12 are connected by bolts.
- the specifications of the anchoring bases 11 corresponding to the surface of the structure with different heights are different, so that the arrangement of the rails 12 can meet the climbing requirements of the climbing assembly.
- the track 12 in this embodiment is a standard 4m long track, and the vertical distance between two adjacent anchoring seats 11 is 4m.
- the self-climbing system 1 includes at least three of the rails 12, and the rails 12 can be used alternately. When reversing, it is only necessary to transfer the lowermost rail 12 to the top of the uppermost rail 12 for splicing. , there are four tracks in this embodiment.
- the rail 12 is further provided with an upper load-bearing shear block 121 and a lower load-bearing shear block 122 respectively abutting on the anchor seat 11 , so as to transmit the load of the rail 12 to on the anchor seat 11 .
- the side of the rail 12 connected to the anchoring seat 11 is defined as the back side, the two side surfaces of the rail 12 are provided with anti-hook grooves 123 along the longitudinal direction thereof, and the climbing component is provided with the anti-hook groove 123
- the hook groove 123 is clearance-fitted with the anti-hook portion 130 .
- the groove bottom of the anti-hook groove 123 is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the rail 12
- the first groove wall of the anti-hook groove 123 near the front of the rail 12 is perpendicular to its groove bottom
- the first groove wall near the back of the rail 12 is perpendicular to the groove bottom.
- the second groove wall intersects with its groove bottom obliquely, so that the cross-sectional width of the groove bottom of the anti-hook groove 123 is smaller than the cross-sectional width of the groove opening.
- the anti-hook portion 130 of the climbing assembly includes a slider 1301 whose cross-sectional shape is adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the anti-hook groove 123, and a connecting arm connecting the end of the slider 1301 and the main body of the climbing assembly 1302.
- the climbing assembly includes a climbing frame jacking seat 131 , an oil cylinder seat 132 and a climbing frame guide seat 133 , and a jacking oil cylinder 41 is arranged between the climbing frame jacking seat 131 and the oil cylinder seat 132 .
- the bottom of the oil lift cylinder 41 is fixedly connected with the oil cylinder base 132 , the extending end of the piston rod is connected with the climbing frame jacking seat 131 , and the climbing frame jacking seat 131 and the hoisting system 2 are connected by bolts
- the climbing frame jacking seat 131 and the oil cylinder seat 132 are all movably connected with the rail 12, so that the jacking frame jacking seat 131 is intermittently pushed by the jacking oil cylinder 41 to drive the The hoisting system 2 climbs along the track 12 .
- the climbing frame jacking seat 131 and the oil cylinder seat 132 can be pinned and fixed to the rail 12 .
- the rail 12 is located between its anti-hook groove 123 and its front face, and is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rail 12 .
- the insertion pin holes 124 on both sides of the rail 12 are passed through, and the connection arm 1302 of the climbing assembly is provided with insertion pin holes matching the insertion pin holes 124 of the rail 12 .
- the climbing frame jacking seat 131 , the oil cylinder seat 132 and the climbing frame guide seat 133 are symmetrically provided with two sliding blocks 1301 and two connecting arms 1302 , the climbing frame jacking seat 131 and the oil cylinder seat 132 At least one connecting arm 1302 is provided with a plug-in pin mechanism, so that the plug-in pin mechanism cooperates with the plug-in pin hole 124 of the rail 12 to realize the climbing frame jacking seat 131 and the oil cylinder seat 132 and the rail Active connections between 12.
- the length of an extension stroke of the piston rod of the jacking cylinder 41 and the distance between the two adjacent insertion pin holes 124 of the rail 12 are in a multiple relationship, that is, the climbing frame jacking seat 131 and the oil cylinder seat 132 are each in a multiple relationship.
- the distance of the second movement is a multiple of the distance between the two adjacent plug holes 124 of the rail 12 , so that the plug mechanisms of the climbing frame jacking block 131 and the cylinder block 132 can just match the plug holes of the rail 12 . 124 mate pinning.
- At least one connecting arm 1302 of the climbing frame jacking seat 131 is provided with a single-axis hydraulic plug-in mechanism 1311, and the single-axis hydraulic plug-in mechanism 1311 pushes a plug-in pin through an oil cylinder to complete the climbing frame top
- the connection and decoupling between the lift seat 131 and the rail 12, correspondingly, the connecting arm 1302 of the single-axis hydraulic plug-in mechanism 1311 corresponding to the climbing frame jack-up seat 131 should be provided with an available plug-in pin Through the plug pin hole 1313.
- At least one connecting arm 1302 of the oil cylinder base 132 is provided with a biaxial hydraulic plugging pin mechanism 1321, and the biaxial hydraulic plugging pin mechanism 1321 pushes two plugging pins through an oil cylinder to complete the connection between the oil cylinder base 132 and the rail.
- the cylinder base 132 corresponding to the connecting arm 1302 of the biaxial hydraulic plug-in mechanism 1321 should be provided with two plug-in holes 1322 through which the plug-in pins can pass.
- the distance between the two insertion pin holes 1322 on the same connecting arm 1302 matches the distance between the two adjacent insertion pin holes 124 of the rail 12 .
- the biaxial hydraulic plug-and-pull mechanism 1321 provided on the oil cylinder base 132 adopts two pin shafts to connect with the rail 12, so that when the jacking cylinder 41 lifts the climbing frame jacking seat 131, The oil cylinder base 132 has sufficient supporting force to ensure the stability of the climbing assembly and the hoisting system 2 during the climbing process.
- the distance between the two adjacent insertion pin holes 124 of the rail 12 is 400 mm, and a stroke distance of the piston rod of the jacking oil cylinder 41 is 800 mm.
- the climbing frame guide seat 133 is arranged below the oil cylinder seat 132, and the climbing frame guide seat 133 can guide the climbing of the lifting system 2, and can also play the role of a reverse hook to The stability of the hoisting system 2 climbing on the track 12 through the climbing assembly is improved.
- a plug-in pin hole 1331 is provided on the connecting arm 1302 of the climbing frame guide base 133, so that when the climbing frame jacking base 131 or the oil cylinder base 132 fails or the oil cylinder is maintained, the climbing frame can be temporarily increased by adding a pin shaft.
- the frame guide seat 133 is pinned to the rail 12 to lock the self-climbing system 1 safely.
- the front of the rail 12 is also provided with a plurality of anti-fall shearing blocks 125 arranged along its longitudinal direction, and the top of the climbing frame jacking seat 131 is provided with the anti-falling shearing blocks 125.
- the anti-fall locking tongue 1312 is matched with the snap-connected anti-fall locking tongue 1312, and the anti-fall locking tongue 1312 includes a wedge-shaped block hinged to the climbing frame jacking base 131 through a pin.
- the wedge-shaped block can be engaged with the anti-fall shear block 125, so that when the climbing frame jacking base 131 falls down unexpectedly,
- the anti-fall locking tongue 1312 can quickly lock the lifting mold base in an emergency.
- the anti-fall locking tongue 1312 can be pushed out of the range of the anti-fall shear block 125 to release the connection between the climbing frame jack 131 and the rail 12 . locking.
- the distance between the adjacent two anti-fall shear blocks 125 is equal to the distance between the two adjacent plug holes 124 of the rail 12 , that is, the two adjacent anti-fall shear blocks are
- the pitch of the blocks 125 is 400mm.
- the hoisting system 2 includes a climbing frame 21 , a hoisting truss 22 and a crane 23 , the hoisting truss 22 is arranged on the top of the climbing frame 21 , and the hoisting The crane 23 is arranged on the top of the lifting truss 22 and can move along the longitudinal direction of the lifting truss 22 .
- each of the climbing frames 21 is connected with two sets of the self-climbing systems 1 arranged side by side, and each set of the self-climbing systems 1 includes a row of tracks. 12 and at least one set of said climbing assemblies.
- each row of rails 12 includes at least three rails 12 connected end to end, the rails 12 are used alternately, and the climbing assemblies in this embodiment are provided with two upper and lower groups, using two groups of climbing assemblies and the lifting system 2 is connected for climbing, which can ensure the stability of the lifting system 2 during the climbing process.
- the remaining group of the climbing assemblies can continue to work.
- a set of the climbing components can also work normally.
- the distance between the two rows of rails 12 of the two sets of self-climbing systems 1 located on the same side is 3300 mm, and the two rows of rails 12 are respectively connected with both sides of the climbing frame 21, which satisfies the requirements of the climbing frame.
- the structural force requirement of 21 ensures the stability of the climbing frame 21 during the climbing process.
- the horizontal constant reaction force mechanism 211 is set on the climbing frame 21 on both sides of the structure, so The horizontal constant reaction force mechanism 211 constrains the two groups of climbing frames 21 in the horizontal inward direction, thereby eliminating the uncertainty of the relative lateral position between the climbing frames 21 and the rails 12 during the crawling process of the lifting formwork due to the influence of the horizontal force. It improves the overall stability of the lifting mold base.
- the horizontal constant reaction force mechanism 211 includes steel strands connecting two groups of the climbing frames 21 , and the end of the steel strands close to the middle pressure rod of the lifting truss 22 is a fixed end, which is close to the One end of the main tie rod at the tail of the lifting truss 22 is used as the tensioning end, so as to provide power through the overall hydraulic system of the lifting mold frame, the accumulator maintains the pressure, and the steel strand is tensioned by the oil cylinder to achieve horizontal constant reverse. force function.
- the lifting truss 22 is a truss structure, which is formed by connecting rods of different specifications, wherein the main longitudinal beam of the lifting truss 22 is between the main tension and compression rods and the end beams. Flange connection is adopted, and pin connection is adopted between the side struts, the top strut and the tail cross brace and the main slant bar, which is convenient for disassembly and reconstruction.
- the top main longitudinal beam of the lifting truss 22 extends to the outside of the installation range of the structure in the transverse or along the bridge direction, so that the vertical section of the lifting truss 22 is in the shape of an inverted right-angled trapezoid.
- the hoisting crane 23 is arranged on the top of the hoisting truss 22 and travels along the longitudinal direction of its main longitudinal beam, and at the same time, the top of the climbing frame 21 and the A swinging support 241 and a sliding swinging support 242 are arranged between the lifting trusses 22 .
- the swinging support 241 is located at the middle pressure bar of the lifting truss 22, and the swinging support 241 includes a climbing frame connecting part 2411 and a truss front end connecting part 2412.
- the climbing frame connecting part 2411 is connected to the The climbing frame 21 is fixed, the front end connecting part 2412 of the truss is fixed with the lifting truss 22 , and the climbing frame connecting part 2411 is hinged with the front end connecting part 2412 of the truss.
- the swinging support 241 can change the included angle between the climbing frame 21 and the lifting truss 22, so that the lifting truss 22 is always in a horizontal stress state.
- the sliding and swinging support 242 includes a climbing frame connecting portion 2421 and a truss tail end connecting portion 2422.
- the climbing frame connecting portion 2421 is fixed with the climbing frame 21, and the climbing frame connecting portion 2421 is connected with the truss tail end.
- the connecting part 2422 is hinged, and the bottom main longitudinal beam of the lifting truss 22 is located at its rear end with a truss anti-hook track 222 extending along its longitudinal direction, and the truss rear end connecting part 2422 is hooked to the truss Rails 222 are fitted and moveable along the truss hook rails 222 .
- the sliding and swinging support 242 can change the angle between the climbing frame 21 and the lifting truss 22, and can automatically adapt to the distance between the two rows of climbing frames 21 in the same structure, so that the lifting truss 22 It is always in a state of horizontal force, which is conducive to the lifting of structures.
- the lifting crane 23 includes a lower sliding beam 231 and an upper sliding beam 232.
- the lower sliding beam 231 extends along the longitudinal direction perpendicular to the main longitudinal beam of the lifting truss 22.
- the lifting truss The top main longitudinal beam of 22 is provided with a first anti-hook rail 221 and a first traveling jack 42 extending along its longitudinal direction. Two of the first anti-hook rails 221 are arranged side by side, and the lower sliding beam 231 The two sides are respectively attached to the two first anti-hook rails 221, the piston rod of the first traveling jack 42 is connected with the lower sliding beam 231, and its cylinder is connected to the first anti-hook rail 221. connected, so that the lower sliding beam 231 is pulled by the first traveling jack 42 to realize that the hoisting crane 23 travels along the longitudinal direction of the hoisting truss 22 .
- the lower sliding beam 231 is provided with a second anti-hook rail 2311 and a second traveling jack 43 extending along its longitudinal direction, and the upper sliding beam 232 is attached to the second anti-hook rail 2311, and Pushed by the second travel jack 43 , the upper sliding beam 232 is moved along the second anti-hook rail 2311 .
- first anti-hook rail 221 and the second anti-hook rail 2311 are provided with locking devices (not shown in the figure, the same below), so as to realize the lower sliding beam 231 and the upper sliding beam respectively. Locking of beam 232.
- the hydraulic lifting system 3 is arranged on the upper sliding beam 232, and can be moved laterally and longitudinally along the lifting truss 22 under the action of the first traveling jack 42 and the second traveling jack 43, to The connecting structure is hoisted from the side of the installed structure to the top of the installed structure for installation.
- the hydraulic lifting system 3 in this embodiment adopts a 350t ⁇ 2 hydraulic quick lifting system, which has two sets of jack mechanisms located at both ends of the upper sliding beam 232 for synchronous lifting, and the maximum traction force can reach 350t.
- the self-climbing hydraulic system of the present application is responsible for the lifting and climbing of the whole machine, the vertical movement of the sliding crane, the lateral movement of the lifting crane 23, and the action of the plug-in and pull-out mechanism of the whole equipment, that is, the above-mentioned lifting cylinder 41, plug
- the oil cylinder of the pin-pulling mechanism, the first traveling jack 42, the second traveling jack 43 and the oil cylinder used for tensioning the steel frame line in the horizontal constant reaction force mechanism 211 all belong to the self-climbing hydraulic system, and the hydraulic pressure of the self-climbing hydraulic system is
- the station is installed on the working platform in the middle of the climbing frame 21 to provide pressure oil for each oil cylinder and jack.
- the hydraulic self-elevating integrated cable-stayed bridge lifting formwork 10000 of the present application also includes an electrical system (not shown in the figure, the same below), and the electrical system specifically includes a complete machine electrical control system, a safety monitoring system and a remote video monitoring system three systems.
- the control object of the electrical control system of the whole machine mechanism is each working mechanism of the whole machine, including the power control system, the lifting of the climbing frame 21, the vertical and horizontal movement of the crane 23, etc., with high safety, reliability and completeness
- the function of preventing misoperation can meet the requirements of large-scale smooth speed regulation of the crane, and can also meet the high-precision synchronous control of the lifting process of the climbing frame 21.
- the control part of the system can be realized by Siemens programmable controller, which has the characteristics of advanced control, high reliability, convenient programming and modification.
- PLC is the core of the entire speed control system, responsible for the logic control of all input and output control points of the system. PLC adopts AC220V power supply. PLC is mainly used to receive the main command signal, send out control signals of each mechanism, and control the actions of each mechanism.
- the safety monitoring system is designed to be in a safety interlock state through a program, and the PLC can automatically identify and block erroneous operation instructions or quickly cut off the fault circuit, thereby effectively preventing the occurrence of safety accidents.
- the machine is equipped with a load limiter. When the hoisting weight exceeds the specified value of the load, it will automatically cut off the operation in the dangerous direction of the hoisting, and issue an audible and visual alarm to remind the operator that at this time, the crane can only run in the safe direction.
- the safety monitoring system also includes an anti-fall speed measurement power release system. When the lifting speed of the self-climbing system 1 is greater than a set value, the power system is automatically powered off for protection. In addition, by setting strain gauges at special stress points of the whole machine, the stress state of each main stress member can be detected in real time.
- the remote video monitoring system is used to monitor the position of the self-climbing system 1 plugging and unplugging pins, the operation of the climbing frame 21, the continuous top Working conditions; a camera is installed on the electrical room to monitor the situation in the electrical room, and a camera is also installed on the main beam of the hoisting truss 22 to monitor the overall situation of the hoisting.
- a video monitor is placed in the driver's cab for easy viewing by the operator. At the same time, the video data is transmitted to the designated position of the bridge tower by wire, and remote video data sharing is carried out as needed.
- the lifting formwork After the lifting formwork completes the installation and construction of the steel tower, since the climbing frame 21, the lifting truss 22 and the crane 23 of the present application are all assembled with rods, the lifting formwork can be removed under the tower and then carried out Retrofit to form Deck Crane 20000.
- Fig. 11 using the lifting truss 22 of the original lifting formwork and its upper structure, according to the gauge requirements of the bridge deck crane 20000, select the truss beam of the appropriate length and the sliding beam of the crane, and at the same time The two sets of jack mechanisms of the hydraulic lifting system 3 are changed to one set of jack mechanisms, and the jack mechanism is located in the middle of the hoisting crane 23 .
- the bridge deck crane 20000 includes a crane truss 20001, a crane crane 20002, a crane jack mechanism 20003 and a spreader 20004.
- the structure of the crane crane 20002 is the same as that of the crane crane 23 for lifting the formwork
- the structure is the same
- the crane jack mechanism 20003 is installed on the crane crane 20002, so that under the action of the crane crane 20002, the crane jack mechanism 20003 can move along the crane truss 20001. Horizontal or vertical movement.
- the crane jack mechanism 20003 is connected to the spreader 20004 through a steel strand, and the spreader 20004 is composed of a steel strand anchoring end, a main beam, a shoulder beam, an adjustment oil cylinder, etc., and its movable steel strand anchoring end
- the position of the lifting point is changed by the expansion and contraction of the oil cylinder, so as to achieve the purpose of precisely adjusting the position of the lifting point, and the two ends of the pole beam are provided with hinged lifting ears.
- the bottom of the crane truss 20001 is provided with a track beam 20005, the track beam 20005 is placed in the steel box girder design support position, and the track beam 20005 is provided with a walking thrust reaction force seat (not shown in the figure, the same below) And the standard hole position (not marked in the figure, the same below).
- the bottom of the crane truss 20001 is provided with four sliding shoes 20006 to be supported above the rail beam 20005.
- the sliding shoes 20006 are composed of a sliding block and an anti-hook device.
- the anti-hook device lifts the rail beam 20005 when the rail beam 20005 is moved forward to ensure that the rail beam 20005 does not drag on the steel box beam, and the push cylinder reaction force seat and the rail beam 20005 are connected
- the connection and disconnection are realized by plugging and unplugging the pins.
- a walking cylinder 20007 is arranged to make the sliding shoe 20006 of the deck crane 20000 slide on the rail beam 20005 to realize the movement of the whole machine.
- the rail beam 20005 is hinged, and the protruding end of the piston rod is hinged with the sliding shoe 20006.
- the maximum distance that the deck crane 20000 slides on the rail beam 20005 at one time is 3.2m.
- the bridge deck crane 20000 is also provided with a whole machine anchoring system, which includes a front support cylinder 20008 (with a screw top function), a steel support 20009, a rear support cylinder 20010 and a rear anchor mechanism (not shown in the figure). , the same below).
- a front support cylinder 20008 (with a screw top function)
- steel support 20009 (with a screw top function)
- rear support cylinder 20010 and a rear anchor mechanism (not shown in the figure).
- a rear anchor mechanism not shown in the figure.
- two sets of steel supports 20009, two sets of front support cylinders 20008, two sets of rear support cylinders 20010 and two sets of rear anchor mechanisms are installed at the bottom of the bridge deck crane 20000.
- the bridge deck crane 20000 When walking, the frame beam state of the deck crane 20000 can be realized by controlling the front support cylinder 20008 and the rear support cylinder 20010. At this time, the steel support 20009, the front support cylinder 20008 and the rear anchor mechanism are stressed. .
- the rear anchor mechanism includes an anchor beam located at the tail of the main longitudinal girder at the bottom of the crane truss 20001, which can anchor the tail of the deck crane 20000 to the steel girder deck and withstand the upward pulling force of the deck crane 20000 when it is working. .
- the walking process of the bridge deck crane 20000 is as follows:
- the bridge deck crane 20000 is supported on the datum plane by the front support cylinder 20008 and the rear support cylinder 20010, and the support cylinder is jacked up, so that the track beam 20005 of the bridge deck crane 20000 is in the beam state; then, by controlling The telescopic action of the walking cylinder 20007 makes the rail beam 20005 move forward; then the top cylinder is retracted, so that the rail beam 20005 is placed on the datum plane, and anchored to the datum plane through the rear anchoring mechanism, at this time the whole machine
- the self-weight is fully supported on the rail beam 20005 through the sliding shoes 20006; through the telescopic action of the traveling cylinder 20007, the deck crane 20000 slides forward along the rail beam 20005 to achieve the purpose of longitudinal running.
- the hydraulic system of the whole machine is divided into three parts: a deck crane hydraulic system, a lifting jack system and a spreader hydraulic system.
- the three systems are independent and self-contained, mainly to adapt to the work characteristics that are far apart from each other.
- the hydraulic system of the bridge deck crane and the crane jack system can use the original system of lifting the formwork, which can reduce the construction cost.
- the hydraulic system of the spreader needs to be newly made.
- the hydraulic station is placed on the main distribution beam of the spreader 20004, which is the lifting point. Adjust the oil cylinder to provide pressure oil source.
- the hydraulic self-elevating integrated cable-stayed bridge lifting formwork 10000 of the present application solves the problems of high cost and slow progress of hoisting structures using tower cranes, and the hydraulic self-elevating integrated cable-stayed bridge lifting formwork 10000
- the lifting formwork can be changed to the bridge deck crane 20000 after a simple modification, so as to hoist the steel box girder, thereby reducing the project cost.
- the hydraulic self-elevating integrated cable-stayed bridge lifting formwork 10000 of the present application can be used in a hybrid girder cable-stayed bridge of a double-tower double-cable plane semi-floating system.
- Both towers include two steel towers, the two steel towers are divided into 30 tower column segments, the tower columns are all rounded rectangular sections, and the tower columns are divided into an upper tower column and a lower tower column.
- the tower column is a steel-concrete composite structure involving variable cross-section, so that the size of the lower tower column from bottom to top is changed from large to small, and the upper tower column is a steel structure designed with equal cross-section.
- the lower tower column is the T1-T15 segment
- the T3 segment is the longest
- the upper tower column is the T16-T30 segment
- the T29 segment is the longest.
- the structure lifted by the lifting formwork 10000 of the cable-stayed bridge is the steel tower segment in this embodiment.
- upper, middle and lower steel beams are also arranged between the two steel towers, and the lengths of the upper, middle and lower steel beams increase sequentially.
- the present application also relates to an installation method for lifting a steel tower using the above-mentioned hydraulic self-elevating integrated cable-stayed bridge lifting formwork 10000, which is aimed at the inclined tower section, straight tower section, Variable section tower sections and steel beams include the following sub-methods:
- the installation method of the inclined tower section specifically includes the following steps:
- the self-elevating formwork When the self-elevating formwork is installed, it specifically includes the following steps: the anchoring bases 11 of the self-elevating formwork are manufactured together with the steel tower segments, and the vertical distance between the two adjacent anchoring bases 11 is the same as that of the single anchoring base.
- the length of the root track 12 is adapted, and then four tracks 12 are installed on the surface of the steel tower segment and connected with the anchoring seat 11 .
- the climbing frame guide seat 133 , the oil cylinder seat 132 and the climbing frame jacking seat 131 are sequentially installed on the installed track 12 , and locked with pins.
- the climbing frame guide seat 133 When installing the climbing frame guide seat 133 , the oil cylinder seat 132 and the climbing frame jacking seat 131 , it should be noted that the anti-hook cooperation and guiding function between each support and the track 12 are normal.
- the climbing frame guide seat 133 , the oil cylinder seat 132 and the climbing frame jacking seat 131 can also be installed on the track 12 first, and then attached to the anchor seat 11 together with the track 12 as a whole. Then install the climbing frames 21 on both sides of the steel tower segment and the horizontal constant reaction force system between the climbing frames 21 on both sides in turn, and then install the lifting truss 22 on the top of the climbing frames 21 on both sides.
- a swinging support 241 and a sliding swinging support 242 need to be arranged between the lifting trusses 22 .
- the hydraulic lifting system 3 is installed on the upper sliding beam 232 .
- the self-elevating formwork After the self-elevating formwork is installed, it is debugged, tested and accepted, and the hoisting and self-climbing operation of the steel tower segment can be started only when the self-elevating formwork is equipped with operation adjustment.
- the self-elevating formwork to hoist the single-segment-connected steel tower segment from one side of the steel tower to the top of the installed steel tower segment for installation, and the self-elevating formwork can be connected to the
- the steel tower segment is fine-tuned and positioned, so that the continuous steel tower segment can be lowered and constructed corresponding to the construction position on the top of the installed steel tower segment.
- the self-elevating formwork can use its self-climbing system 1 to climb to the next station (ie the newly installed connecting steel tower segment) for the next connecting
- the steel tower segments are hoisted and installed with the installed steel tower segments.
- the lifting position of the self-elevating formwork is located on the inclined side of the inclined tower section, correspondingly
- the rails 12 of the self-elevating formwork are arranged on opposite sides of the inclined tower section along the inclination direction, that is, the lifting truss 22 serving as the cantilever of the self-elevating formwork extends along the bridge to the tower out of the column range to facilitate lifting operations.
- the hoisting crane 23 of the self-elevating formwork is moved to the outer side of the hoisting truss 22 outside the range of the tower column, and two 350t jack mechanisms of its hydraulic lifting system 3 are used.
- the continuous steel tower segment is lifted from the bottom of the tower to the lifting truss 22, and the hydraulic lifting system 3 and the continuous steel tower segment are driven by the crane 23 to move from the inclined surface of the lifting truss 22 to the desired position.
- the distance between the two climbing frames 21 of the self-elevating formwork on the same steel tower section also changes with the increase of the steel tower. If it is small, the swing support 241 and the sliding swing support 242 between the climbing frame 21 and the hoisting truss 22 can effectively keep the hoisting truss 22 in a horizontal state all the time.
- the climbing process of the self-elevating climbing formwork in the inclined tower section, the straight tower section and the variable-section tower section is the same, that is, when the climbing assembly climbs along the track 12, first The cylinder base 132 is connected to the track 12 , the climbing frame jacking base 131 is decoupled from the track 12 , and the piston rod of the jacking cylinder 41 extends a stroke to drive the hoisting system 2 Move along the track 12 for a distance of one stroke; then connect the climbing frame jacking seat 131 and the track 12, the oil cylinder seat 132 is decoupled from the track 12, and the piston rod of the jacking oil cylinder 41 returns to the When retracted, the cylinder base 132 moves relative to the track 12 for one stroke; then the cylinder base 132 and the track 12 are connected, the climbing frame jacking base 131 is decoupled from the track 12, and the above steps are repeated to make the The climbing assembly and hoisting system 2 are climbed onto the connected completed steel tower segment.
- a single row of four rails 12 is used for alternate reversal.
- the anchoring seat 11 is used for anchoring.
- the installation method of the straight tower section includes the following steps:
- the self-elevating hoisting formwork is used to hoist the single-section continuous steel tower segment from one side of the steel tower to the top of the installed steel tower segment for installation.
- the self-elevating formwork can use its self-climbing system 1 to climb to the next station (ie the newly installed connecting steel tower segment) for the next connecting
- the steel tower segments are hoisted and installed with the installed steel tower segments.
- the hoisting process of the steel tower section of the straight tower section is the same as the hoisting process of the steel tower section of the inclined tower section, but the lifting position of the self-elevating formwork can be located in the transverse bridge direction or the longitudinal bridge direction. to either side.
- the installation method of the section tower section includes the following steps:
- the self-elevating formwork is used to hoist the continuous steel tower section from one side of the steel tower to the top of the installed steel tower section for installation, and the continuous steel tower section is used as the current wheel of the self-elevating formwork.
- the second climbing foundation is used, and the deflection angle of the self-elevating lifting formwork attached to the continuous steel tower section is adjusted according to the preset curvature/angle change value of the variable section tower section.
- the self-elevating lifting formwork climbs to the next station to install the next continuous steel tower section until the installation process of the variable section tower section is completed.
- the deflection angle of the track 12 of the self-elevating formwork is in the range of 0.2° to 0.3° each time.
- the track 12 can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the anchor seat 11 and the surface of the steel tower segment. deflection angle.
- the gap between the climbing assembly and the track 12 is not greater than 5 mm, so as to ensure that the climbing assembly and the track 12 can adapt to the influence of curvature changes, and also prevent the Instability of climbing assemblies during climbing.
- the diameter of the insertion pin hole 124 of the rail 12 is larger than the pin shaft of the insertion pin mechanism of the climbing frame jacking seat 131 and the oil cylinder seat 132, and the specific range is 0.5mm to 1mm to ensure sufficient clearance. Accommodates curvature changes during climbs.
- the angle change of the steel tower surface is 0.8°, then the track 12 can start to set the turning angle at the T13 segment, each turn is 0.2°, and then climb a section of the track 12, and then proceed to the next time Corner, after a total of four corners, you can smoothly pass the curvature change point.
- the construction of steel beams can also be carried out.
- the upper, middle and lower steel beams are located in the T29 section, the T15 section and the T5 section, respectively.
- the installation method of the steel beam includes the following step:
- the self-elevating lifting formwork shall be installed on the top of the installed steel tower segments respectively. Since the construction of the steel beam and the construction of the steel tower are carried out simultaneously, the same set of self-elevating formwork can be used for the construction of the steel beam and the lifting and installation of the steel tower.
- the self-elevating formwork is used to hoist the lower beam to the installation position of the lower beam of the steel tower and install it.
- the steel tower can be constructed synchronously, and the steel The tower construction stops construction at the temporary installation position of the upper beam, which is located above the installation position of the middle beam.
- the temporary installation position is located at the T19 section
- the middle beam installation position is located at the T15 section.
- the middle beam and the upper beam are assembled on the temporary support platform, so that the lower beam is not stressed during the assembly process of the middle beam and the upper beam, and the stability of the steel tower structure is ensured.
- the self-elevating formwork needs to be applied to the self-elevating formwork of two adjacent steel towers.
- the specific operation process is as follows: first remove the constraints of the hoisting crane 23 and the hoisting truss 22, And the climbing frame 21 and the hoisting truss 22 are moved down to separate the hoisting truss 22 from the crane 23, so that the crane 23 is seated and anchored on the top of the completed steel tower segment, and the hydraulic lifting system 3 is moved laterally to Close to the inner side of the main longitudinal beam of the lifting truss 22, and then lift the steel beam through the hydraulic lifting system 3 on the top of the two adjacent steel towers. The climbing frame 21 and the hoisting truss 22 move up and restore the self-elevating formwork under the action of the climbing assembly.
- the anti-fall locking tongue 1312 and the anti-fall shear block 125 provided between the climbing frame jacking seat 131 and the track 12 are clamped to limit the downward movement of the climbing assembly, the climbing frame 21 and the hoisting truss 22 are Before the downward movement, the anti-fall locking tongue 1312 is removed from the climbing frame jacking seat 131 to ensure the smooth downward movement of the climbing frame 21 and the lifting truss 22 .
- the downward movement distance of the climbing frame 21 and the lifting truss 22 is in a multiple relationship with the distance between the two adjacent plug-in pin holes 124 of the rail 12 .
- the downward movement distance in this embodiment is 800mm.
- the overall hoisting operation can be carried out by means of the distribution beam pocket bottom hoisting.
- the pre-fixation of the upper beam at the temporary installation position of the steel tower can be realized by welding or corbel bolting.
- the upper beam is pre-fixed by means of corbel bolting. Since the length of the upper beam is less than the length of the middle beam, in the process of constructing the steel tower, temporary bolts can be set on the surface of the steel tower in advance. After passing through the temporary corbel, extend the length of the temporary corbel, lower the upper beam to the temporary corbel, and fix it with bolts. When the beam is lifted later, it is only necessary to release the locking and fixing of the bolts, the operation is simple, the use efficiency is improved, and the temporary corbel can be used for turnover.
- the application uses the self-elevating formwork to hoist the steel beams, and the steel beams are spliced at high altitudes into ground and low-altitude splicing. Reduced security risks.
- the dismantled mechanisms for lifting the formwork can be simply modified to form a deck crane 20000 for hoisting and erecting the steel box girder.
- Lifting integrated cable-stayed bridge lifting formwork 10,000 is transformed into 20,000 deck cranes, which can reduce the cost of cable-stayed bridge construction measures.
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Abstract
一种液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架包括自爬升***、起重***及液压提升***;其中,自爬升***包括预埋在构筑物表面的锚固座、附着在锚固座上的轨道及反钩在轨道上的爬升组件,爬升组件设有与轨道间隙配合的反钩部,爬升组件与轨道之间通过销接固定;起重***与爬升组件连接,起重***通过爬升组件沿轨道进行爬移,液压提升***设于起重***上并相对起重***沿其纵向或横向移动,以用于吊装续接构筑物至安装构筑物的顶部进行安装。通过设置依附在构筑物的表面侧壁的液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架,单节构筑物施工完成后,通过模架自带的提升***提升至下一节段吊装位置,依次循环,工艺操作简单,节省施工时间,提高施工效率。
Description
本申请涉及索塔施工技术领域,尤其涉及一种液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架。
斜拉桥塔柱施工是一项非常重要的工作,近年来,随着科学技术进步,斜拉桥钢塔柱应用越来越多,而传统的斜拉桥塔柱施工常采用塔吊作为吊装工具,而钢塔柱单节吊装重量大,特别是横梁吊装(700t左右),此时采用传统的吊装工具已经不能满足要求,即使传统的吊装工具能够满足吊装要求,但其相关费用也较为昂贵。
发明内容
本申请的目的旨在提供一种施工方便的液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架。
为了实现上述目的,本申请提供以下技术方案:
一种液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架,包括自爬升***、起重***及液压提升***;其中,
所述自爬升***包括预埋在构筑物表面的锚固座、附着在所述锚固座上的轨道,以及反钩在所述轨道上的爬升组件,所述爬升组件设有与所述轨道间隙配合的反钩部,所述爬升组件与所述轨道之间通过销接固定;
所述起重***与所述爬升组件连接,所述起重***通过所述爬升组件沿所述轨道进行爬移,所述液压提升***设于所述起重***上并可相对所述起重***沿其纵向或横向移动,以用于吊装续接构筑物至安装构筑物的顶部进行安装。
相比现有技术,本申请的方案具有以下优点:
1.在本申请的液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架中,通过设置依附在构筑物的表面侧壁的提升模架,解决了现有采用塔吊吊装构筑物造价高、进度慢的问题,单节构筑物施工完成后,通过模架自带的提升***提升至下一节段吊装位置,依次循环,工艺操作简单,节省了施工时间,提高了施工效率。此外,该液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架自带操作平台和安全防护设施,减小了高空作业安全风险。
2.在本申请的液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架中,在构筑物施工完成后,经过简单改装液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架即可获得桥面吊机,从而进行钢箱梁吊装,进而降低工程造价。
3.在本申请的液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架中,通过在爬架与起重桁架之间设置滑移摆动支座及摆动支座,确保在施工变截面的倾斜塔段的施工过程中,滑移摆动支座及摆动支座可改变爬架与起重桁架之间的角度,以适应于两侧爬架间距的变化,使起重桁架保持水平状态,以确保液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架起吊构筑物的稳定性。
4.在本申请的液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架中,通过在同一构筑物两侧的爬架之间设置水平恒反力机构,水平恒反力机构将两组爬架在水平向内侧方向进行约束,从而消除由于水平力影响在提升模架爬行过程中爬架与轨道之间相对横向位置的不确定性,提高了提升模架的整体稳定性
本申请附加的方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出,这些将从下面的描述中变得明显,或通过本申请的实践了解到。
图1为本申请液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架的结构示意图;
图2为图1的A部放大示意图;
图3为本申请液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架用于示意起吊安装位置的结构示意图;
图4为图3的B部放大示意图;
图5为图3的C部放大示意图;
图6为本申请液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架中自爬升***的结 构示意图;
图7为本申请液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架中自爬升***的侧视图;
图8为本申请液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架中爬升组件与轨道的配合关系示意图;
图9为本申请液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架中爬架的示意图;
图10为本申请液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架起重桁架的示意图;
图11为本申请桥面吊机一个实施例的结构示意图。
图中,1、自爬升***;11、锚固座;12、轨道;121、上承重剪力块;122、下承重剪力块;123、反钩槽;124、插拔销孔;125、防坠剪力块;130、反钩部;1301、滑块;1302、连接臂;131、爬架顶升座;1311、单轴液压插拔销机构;1312、防坠锁舌;1313、插拔销孔;132、油缸座;1321、双轴液压插拔销机构;1322、插拔销孔;133、爬架导向座;1331、插拔销孔;2、起重***;21、爬架;211、水平恒反力机构;22、起重桁架;221、第一反钩轨道;222、桁架反钩轨道;23、起重天车;231、下部滑移梁;2311、第二反钩轨道;232、上部滑移梁;241、摆动支座;2411、爬架连接部;2412、桁架前端连接部;242、滑移摆动支座;2421、爬架连接部;2422、桁架尾端连接部;3、液压提升***;41、顶升油缸;42、第一行走千斤顶;43、第二行走千斤顶;10000、液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架;20000、桥面吊机;20001、吊机桁架;20002、吊机天车;20003、吊机千斤顶机构;20004、吊具;20005、轨道梁;20006、滑靴;20007、行走油缸;20008、前支顶油缸;20009、钢支座;20010、后支顶油缸。
为解决现有塔吊吊装钢塔、钢横梁等构筑物存在的造价高、进度慢等问题,请结合图1至图10,本申请公开了一种液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架10000,可以有效地实现斜拉桥钢塔柱快速化施工,有利于进行封闭施工和安全管理,提高施工效率,降低施工成本。
请结合图1和图3,所述液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架10000包括自爬升***1、起重***2及液压***,其中,所述起重***2与所述自爬升***1连接,以通过所述自爬升***1实现所述起重***2沿构筑物的高度方向的爬移,所述液压***包括液压提升***3和自爬升液压***,所述液压提升***3设于所述起重***2的顶部,且所述液压提升***3可相对所述起重***2的横向或纵向移动,以将续接构筑物吊装至已安装构筑物的顶部的施工位进行安装,所述自爬升***1主要负责整机的顶升爬移工作,以及控制所述液压提升***3相对于所述起重***2的移动。此外,本申请的液压***均采用开式***,即液压泵从油箱吸出液压油后,输出到各执行机构,各执行机构的回油直接返回油箱,其构成简单,散热和滤油条件好。
请参见图6和图7,所述自爬升***1包括预埋在构筑物表面的锚固座11、附着在所述锚固座11上的轨道12及反钩在所述轨道12上的爬升组件,所述爬升组件与所述轨道12为间隙配合,此外,所述爬升组件与所述轨道12之间可通过销接固定。
所述锚固座11设有多个并以预设的竖直间距预埋在构筑物表面,所述轨道12的两端分别与所述锚固座11附着,相邻的两个所述轨道12首尾相接并附着在同一个所述锚固座11上,所述锚固座11与所述轨道12之间通过螺栓连接。此外,对应不同高度的构筑物表面的锚固座11的规格不同,使得所述轨道12的布置可符合于所述爬升组件的爬移要求。
优选地,本实施例中轨道12为标准4m长轨道,相邻两个所述锚固座11的竖直间距为4m。并且,所述自爬升***1包括至少三根所述轨道12,所述轨道12之间可交替倒用,在倒用时,仅需将最下方的轨道12转移至最上方的轨道12顶部拼接即可,本实施例中的轨道设有四根。
请结合图1和图2,所述轨道12上还设有分别与所述锚固座11抵接的上承重剪力块121及下承重剪力块122,以将所述轨道12的载荷传递至所述锚固座11上。
此外,所述轨道12与所述锚固座11连接的一面定义为背面,所述轨道12的两个侧面沿其纵长方向设有反钩槽123,所述爬升组件上设有与 所述反钩槽123间隙配合的反钩部130。
具体地,所述反钩槽123的槽底与所述轨道12的纵长方向平行,所述反钩槽123靠近轨道12正面的第一槽壁与其槽底垂直,靠近所述轨道12背面的第二槽壁与其槽底倾斜相交,使得该反钩槽123的槽底横截面宽度小于槽口的横截面宽度。所述爬升组件的反钩部130包括横截面形状与所述反钩槽123的横截面形状适配的滑块1301,以及连接所述滑块1301的端部与所述爬升组件主体的连接臂1302。
其中,所述爬升组件包括爬架顶升座131、油缸座132及爬架导向座133,所述爬架顶升座131与所述油缸座132之间设有顶升油缸41,所述顶升油缸41的缸底与所述油缸座132固定连接,其活塞杆的伸出端与所述爬架顶升座131连接,所述爬架顶升座131与所述起重***2通过栓接固定,所述爬架顶升座131及油缸座132均与所述轨道12之间为活动连接,从而通过所述顶升油缸41间歇性地顶推所述爬架顶升座131以带动所述起重***2沿所述轨道12进行爬移。
所述爬架顶升座131及油缸座132与所述轨道12之间可进行销接固定,所述轨道12位于其反钩槽123与其正面之间设有垂直于所述轨道12纵长方向并贯穿所述轨道12两个侧面的插拔销孔124,同时在所述爬升组件的连接臂1302上设有与轨道12的插拔销孔124适配的插拔销孔。
优选地,所述爬架顶升座131、油缸座132及爬架导向座133均对称地设有两个滑块1301及两个连接臂1302,所述爬架顶升座131及油缸座132的至少一个连接臂1302上设置插拔销机构,从而通过所述插拔销机构与所述轨道12的插拔销孔124配合,以实现所述爬架顶升座131及油缸座132与轨道12之间的活动连接。并且,所述顶升油缸41的活塞杆的一个伸出行程大小与轨道12的相邻两个插拔销孔124的间距为倍数关系,即所述爬架顶升座131及油缸座132每次移动的距离为轨道12相邻两个插拔销孔124的间距的倍数距离,使得所述爬架顶升座131及油缸座132的插拔销机构恰好能够与轨道12的插拔销孔124配合销接。
所述爬架顶升座131的至少一个连接臂1302上设有单轴液压插拔销机构1311,所述单轴液压插拔销机构1311通过一个油缸推动一根插拔销 完成所述爬架顶升座131与所述轨道12的联接与解联接,对应地,所述爬架顶升座131对应设置该单轴液压插拔销机构1311的连接臂1302上应开设有一个可供插拔销穿过的插拔销孔1313。所述油缸座132的至少一个连接臂1302上设有双轴液压插拔销机构1321,所述双轴液压插拔销机构1321则通过一个油缸推动两根插拔销完成所述油缸座132与轨道12之间的联接与解联接,所述油缸座132对应设置所述双轴液压插拔销机构1321的连接臂1302上应开设有两个可供插拔销穿过的插拔销孔1322,且同一个连接臂1302上的两个插拔销孔1322的间距与所述轨道12的相邻两个插拔销孔124的间距相匹配。另外,所述油缸座132上设置的双轴液压插拔销机构1321采用两根销轴与所述轨道12联接,可在所述顶升油缸41顶升所述爬架顶升座131时,使得所述油缸座132具有足够的支撑力,以确保所述爬升组件及起重***2在爬移过程中的稳定性。
作为一个优选的实施例中,所述轨道12的相邻两个插拔销孔124的间距为400mm,则所述顶升油缸41的活塞杆的一个行程距离为800mm。
所述爬架导向座133设于所述油缸座132下方,所述爬架导向座133可对所述起重***2的爬升起到导向的作用,同时还可起到反钩的作用,以提高所述起重***2通过所述爬升组件在所述轨道12上爬移的稳定性。所述爬架导向座133的连接臂1302上开设有一个插拔销孔1331,从而可在当爬架顶升座131或者油缸座132故障或者维护油缸时,通过临时增加销轴将所述爬架导向座133和所述轨道12销接,以将所述自爬升***1进行安全锁止。
进一步的,所述轨道12的正面还设有沿其纵长方向排布的若干防坠剪力块125,所述爬架顶升座131的顶部设有可与所述防坠剪力块125配合卡接的防坠锁舌1312,所述防坠锁舌1312包括通过销钉铰接在所述爬架顶升座131的楔形块。当在所述爬架顶升座131相对所述轨道12下移时,所述楔形块可与所述防坠剪力块125卡接,以在所述爬架顶升座131意外下坠时,所述防坠锁舌1312能迅速将提升模架进行应急锁止。而在所述爬架顶升座131向上的爬升过程中,所述防坠锁舌1312可被推出防坠剪力块125的范围外,以解除所述爬架顶升座131与轨道12的锁定。
进一步的,相邻的两个所述防坠剪力块125的间距与所述轨道12的相邻两个所述插拔销孔124的间距相等,即相邻两个所述防坠剪力块125的间距为400mm。
请参见图1和图3,所述起重***2包括爬架21、起重桁架22及起重天车23,所述起重桁架22设于所述爬架21的顶部,所述起重天车23设于所述起重桁架22的顶部并可沿所述起重桁架22的纵长方向移动。
所述爬架21在同一构筑物的相对两侧面设有两个,每个所述爬架21连接有两套并排设置的所述自爬升***1,每套所述自爬升***1包括一排轨道12和至少一组所述爬升组件。优选地,每排轨道12包括至少三根首尾相接的轨道12,所述轨道12交替倒用,且本实施例中的爬升组件设有上下两组,采用两组爬升组件与所述起重***2连接进行爬移,可确保所述起重***2爬移过程的稳定性。此外,两组所述爬升组件在其中一组发生故障时,剩余一组所述爬升组件可继续工作。而考虑到冗余设计,采用一组所述爬升组件亦能进行正常工作。
作为进一步优选的是,位于同一侧面的两套自爬升***1的两排轨道12的间距为3300mm,所述两排轨道12分别与所述爬架21的两侧连接,满足了所述爬架21的结构受力需求,确保所述爬架21在爬移过程中的稳定性。
进一步的,由于提升模架在顶升爬行和吊重作业过程中,构筑物两侧的爬架21会受到水平力影响,故在构筑物两侧的爬架21上设置水平恒反力机构211,所述水平恒反力机构211将两组爬架21在水平向内侧方向进行约束,从而消除由于水平力影响在提升模架爬行过程中所述爬架21与轨道12之间相对横向位置的不确定性,提高了提升模架的整体稳定性。
具体地,所述水平恒反力机构211包括连接两组所述爬架21的钢绞线,并且所述钢绞线靠近于所述起重桁架22中部压杆的一端为固定端,其靠近于所述起重桁架22尾部主拉杆的一端作为张拉端,从而通过提升模架的整体液压***提供动力,蓄能器进行保压,通过油缸张拉所述钢绞线以实现水平恒反力功能。
请结合图9,所述起重桁架22为桁架结构,采用不同规格的杆件连 接而成,其中,所述起重桁架22的主纵梁与主受力拉压杆以及端部横梁之间采用法兰联接,侧面撑杆、顶部撑杆以及尾部十字斜撑与主斜杆之间采用销接的方式联接,以便于拆装及改造。
具体地,所述起重桁架22的顶部主纵梁沿横桥向或顺桥向延伸至构筑物安装范围外,使得所述起重桁架22的竖直截面呈倒直角梯形设置在两个所述爬架21的顶部,并且在所述起重桁架22的倾斜面不设置斜撑,所述液压提升***3可从所述起重桁架22的倾斜面吊装续接构筑物进入所述起重桁架22内侧,从而与已安装构筑物进行安装。
请结合图3、图4和图5,所述起重天车23设于所述起重桁架22的顶部并沿其主纵梁的纵长方向行走,同时在所述爬架21的顶部与所述起重桁架22之间设置摆动支座241及滑移摆动支座242。
其中,所述摆动支座241位于所述起重桁架22的中部压杆处,所述摆动支座241包括爬架连接部2411及桁架前端连接部2412,所述爬架连接部2411与所述爬架21固定,所述桁架前端连接部2412与所述起重桁架22固定,且所述爬架连接部2411与所述桁架前端连接部2412铰接。所述摆动支座241可以改变所述爬架21与所述起重桁架22之间的夹角,使得所述起重桁架22始终处于水平受力状态。所述滑移摆动支座242包括爬架连接部2421及桁架尾端连接部2422,所述爬架连接部2421与所述爬架21固定,所述爬架连接部2421与所述桁架尾端连接部2422铰接,并且所述起重桁架22的底部主纵梁位于其尾端设有沿其纵长方向延伸的桁架反钩轨道222,所述桁架尾端连接部2422与所述桁架反钩轨道222配合且可沿所述桁架反钩轨道222移动。所述滑移摆动支座242可以改变所述爬架21与所述起重桁架22之间的夹角,同时可以自动适应于同一构筑物两排爬架21的间距,使得所述起重桁架22始终处于水平受力状态,有利于实现构筑物的起吊。
所述起重天车23包括下部滑移梁231及上部滑移梁232,所述下部滑移梁231沿垂直于所述起重桁架22主纵梁的纵长方向延伸,所述起重桁架22的顶部主纵梁上设有沿其纵长方向延伸的第一反钩轨道221及第一行走千斤顶42,所述第一反钩轨道221并排设有两条,所述下部滑移 梁231的两侧分别附着在两条所述第一反钩轨道221上,所述第一行走千斤顶42的活塞杆与所述下部滑移梁231连接,其缸筒与所述第一反钩轨道221联接,从而通过所述第一行走千斤顶42牵引所述下部滑移梁231以实现所述起重天车23沿所述起重桁架22的纵向行走。
所述下部滑移梁231上设有沿其纵长方向延伸的第二反钩轨道2311及第二行走千斤顶43,所述上部滑移梁232附着在所述第二反钩轨道2311上,并在所述第二行走千斤顶43的推动下,使所述上部滑移梁232沿所述第二反钩轨道2311移动。
同时,在所述第一反钩轨道221和第二反钩轨道2311上均设置琐止装置(图中未示意,下同),以用于分别实现所述下部滑移梁231及上部滑移梁232的锁定。
所述液压提升***3设于所述上部滑移梁232上,并可在第一行走千斤顶42和第二行走千斤顶43的作用下,实现沿所述起重桁架22的横向及纵向移动,以将续接构筑物从已安装构筑物的一侧吊装至已安装构筑物的顶部进行安装。
优选地,本实施例中的液压提升***3采用350t×2液压快速提升***,其具有两套分别位于所述上部滑移梁232两端的千斤顶机构进行同步提升,且最大牵引力可达350t。
此外,已知本申请的自爬升液压***负责整机顶升爬移、滑移天车纵移、起重天车23横移以及全设备插拔销机构动作,即上述顶升油缸41、插拔销机构的油缸、第一行走千斤顶42、第二行走千斤顶43以及水平恒反力机构211中用于张拉钢架线的油缸均属于自爬升液压***,并且所述自爬升液压***的液压站安装在所述爬架21中部的工作平台上,以为各个油缸及千斤顶提供压力油。
本申请的液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架10000中还包括电气***(图中未示意,下同),该电气***具体包括整机电气控制***、安全监控***和远程视频监控***三大***。
其中,所述整机机构电气控制***的控制对象为整机各工作机构,包括电源控制***和爬架21升降、起重天车23纵横移等,具备较高的安全 性、可靠性及完备的防止误操作功能,能够满足起重机大范围平稳调速的要求,也能满足爬架21升降过程的高精度同步控制。***的控制部分可采用西门子可编程控制器来实现,具有控制先进,可靠性高,编程和修改方便等特点。PLC是整个调速***的核心,负责对***所有的输入,输出控制点的逻辑控制。PLC采用AC220V供电。PLC主要用于接受主令信号,发出各机构控制信号,控制各机构动作。
所述安全监控***则是通过程序设计成安全联锁状态,PLC能自动识别,并封锁错误操作指令或快速切断故障回路,从而有效防止安全事故的发生。本机安装有载荷限制器,当吊重超过载荷的规定值时,将自动切断起重危险方向运行,并且发出声光报警,以提醒操作人员,此时,起重机只能向安全方向运行。所述安全监控***还包括防坠测速动力解除***,当所述自爬升***1的升降速度大于设定值时,动力***自动断电保护。此外,通过在整机特殊受力点设置应变片,实时检测各主要受力构件的应力状态。
所述远程视频监控***通过在同一构筑物上的两个爬架21及起重天车23上均安装摄像头,以用于监视自爬升***1插拔销位置情况、爬架21运行情况、连续顶工作情况;在电气房上安装有一台摄像头用于监控电气房内情况,所述起重桁架22主梁亦安装有摄像头用于监控起吊整体情况。视频监控器放置在司机室内,便于操作人员查看。同时,视频数据通过有线方式传输到桥塔指定位置,根据需要进行远程视频数据共享。
在提升模架完成钢塔的安装施工作业后,由于本申请的爬架21、起重桁架22及起重天车23均采用杆件拼装而成,从而可将提升模架拆除到塔下后进行改造以形成桥面吊机20000。
具体地,请结合图11,利用原提升模架的起重桁架22及其上部结构,根据桥面吊机20000的轨距要求选择适配长度的桁架横梁以及天车的滑移梁,同时将液压提升***3的两套千斤顶机构改为一套千斤顶机构,且该千斤顶机构位于起重天车23的中部位置。
即所述桥面吊机20000包括吊机桁架20001、吊机天车20002、吊机千斤顶机构20003及吊具20004,所述吊机天车20002的结构与提升模架 的起重天车23的结构相同,所述吊机千斤顶机构20003设于所述吊机天车20002上,从而在所述吊机天车20002的作用下,所述吊机千斤顶机构20003可沿所述吊机桁架20001的横向或纵向移动。所述吊机千斤顶机构20003通过钢绞线连接所述吊具20004,所述吊具20004由钢绞线锚固端、主梁、扁担梁、调整油缸等组成,其可移动式钢绞线锚固端通过油缸的伸缩来改变吊点位置,达到精确调整吊点位置目的,所述扁担梁两端设有铰接式吊耳。
所述吊机桁架20001的底部设有轨道梁20005,所述轨道梁20005置于钢箱梁设计支承位,所述轨道梁20005上设置步履顶推反力座(图中未示意,下同)及标准孔位(图中未标示,下同)。所述吊机桁架20001底部设置四个滑靴20006支撑在轨道梁20005上方,所述滑靴20006由滑块和反钩装置组成,所述滑靴20006为槽型结构,底部安装有滑块,减少行走时的摩擦阻力;所述反钩装置在前移轨道梁20005时将轨道梁20005提起,保证轨道梁20005不在钢箱梁上拖行,所述顶推油缸反力座与轨道梁20005之间通过插拔销实现联接与解联接。
所述吊机桁架20001与轨道梁20005之间通过设置行走油缸20007使得桥面吊机20000的滑靴20006在轨道梁20005上滑动以实现整机的移动,所述行走油缸20007的缸底与所述轨道梁20005铰接,其活塞杆的伸出端与所述滑靴20006铰接,并且在本实施例中,所述桥面吊机20000在轨道梁20005上一次滑行的最大距离为3.2m。
同时,所述桥面吊机20000还设有整机锚固***,其包括前支顶油缸20008(带螺旋顶功能)、钢支座20009、后支顶油缸20010及后锚机构(图中未示意,下同)。具体地,所述桥面吊机20000的底部安装有两套钢支座20009、两套前支顶油缸20008、两套后支顶油缸20010及两套后锚机构,所述桥面吊机20000在行走时,可通过控制前支顶油缸20008和后支顶油缸20010实现所述桥面吊机20000的架梁状态,此时由钢支座20009、前支顶油缸20008、后锚机构受力。行走时,通过控制前支顶油缸20008和后支顶油缸20010,实现起重机架梁状态。所述后锚机构包括设于所述吊机桁架20001底部主纵梁尾部的锚梁,其可将桥面吊机20000 尾部与钢梁桥面锚固,承受桥面吊机20000工作时向上的拉力。
所述桥面吊机20000行走的过程为:
首先,桥面吊机20000通过前支顶油缸20008和后支顶油缸20010支撑在基准面上,支顶油缸顶起,使得桥面吊机20000的轨道梁20005处于架梁状态;随后,通过控制行走油缸20007的伸缩动作,使得所述轨道梁20005向前移动;然后回缩支顶油缸,使轨道梁20005放置于基准面上,并通过所述后锚机构与基准面锚固,此时整机自重通过滑靴20006全部承受在轨道梁20005上;通过行走油缸20007的伸缩动作,桥面吊机20000沿轨道梁20005向前滑动,达到纵向走行的目的。
本申请的提升模架改造为桥面吊机20000后,其整机液压***分为桥面吊机液压***、提升千斤顶***和吊具液压***三部分。三套***相互独立,自成体系,主要是为适应各部分之间相隔比较远的工作特点。桥面吊机液压***和吊机千斤顶***可利用提升模架的原有***,从而可降低施工成本,吊具液压***需另外新制,液压站置于吊具20004主分配梁上,为吊点调整油缸提供压力油源。
综上,本申请的液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架10000解决了现有采用塔吊吊装构筑物造价高、进度慢的问题,所述液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架10000通过依附在构筑物的表面侧壁,自带操作平台和安全防护设施,单节构筑物施工完成后,通过提升模架自带的提升***提升至下一节段吊装位置,依次循环,工艺操作简单。同时,在构筑物施工完成后,经过简单改装即可将提升模架改为桥面吊机20000,从而进行钢箱梁吊装,进而降低工程造价。
此外,本申请的液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架10000可运用在双塔双索面半漂浮体系的混合梁斜拉桥中,该斜拉桥采用H型子母塔,子母两塔均包括两根钢塔,两根所述钢塔分为30个塔柱节段,塔柱均采用圆角矩形断面,所述塔柱分为上塔柱和下塔柱,所述下塔柱为变截面涉及的钢-混组合结构,使得下塔柱自下而上的尺寸由大变小,所述上塔柱为等截面设计的钢结构。具体地,其中,所述下塔柱为T1~T15节段,T3节段最长,其次,上塔柱为T16~T30节段,T29节段最长,则前文中液压自升 式一体化斜拉桥提升模架10000起吊的构筑物为本实施例中的钢塔节段。
此外,在两根所述钢塔之间还设有上、中、下三根钢横梁,上、中、下三根钢横梁的长度依次递增。
针对于上述钢塔结构,本申请还涉及一种应用上述液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架10000的钢塔提升的安装方法,其针对于钢塔的倾斜塔段、直塔段、变截面塔段以及钢横梁包括有以下子方法:
倾斜塔段的安装方法具体包括以下步骤:
首先,在满足高度要求的已安装钢塔节段顶部安装所述液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架10000(以下简称为自升式提升模架)。
所述自升式提升模架在安装时,具体包括如下步骤:所述自升式提升模架的锚固座11随钢塔节段一起制造,相邻两个锚固座11的竖直间距与单根轨道12的长度适配,随后在钢塔节段的表面安装四根轨道12并与所述锚固座11连接。然后在安装完成的轨道12上依次安装爬架导向座133、油缸座132及爬架顶升座131,并用销轴进行锁定。在安装爬架导向座133、油缸座132及爬架顶升座131时,需注意各支座与轨道12之间的反钩配合和导向作用正常。此外,所述爬架导向座133、油缸座132及爬架顶升座131也可先安装在轨道12上,然后随轨道12整体附着到锚固座11上。接着依次安装钢塔节段两侧的爬架21和两侧爬架21之间的水平恒反力***,再在两侧爬架21的顶部安装起重桁架22,同时所述爬架21与所述起重桁架22之间需设置摆动支座241及滑移摆动支座242。跟着在所述起重桁架22上安装起重天车23,首先安装所述起重天车23的下部滑移梁231及相关的行走机构,然后再安装上部滑移梁232及相关的行走机构。最后在所述上部滑移梁232上安装液压提升***3。
所述自升式提升模架安装完成后,对其进行调试、试验和验收,待所述自升式提升模架具备作业调节,才可开始进行钢塔节段的吊装和自爬升作业。
接着,利用所述自升式提升模架从钢塔的一侧吊装单节续接钢塔节段到已安装钢塔节段的顶部进行安装,所述自升式提升模架可对续接钢塔节段进行微调定位,以使续接钢塔节段可对应于已安装钢塔节段顶部的施工 位进行下放施工。
在续接钢塔节段安装到位后,所述自升式提升模架可利用其自爬升***1爬升至下一工位(即新安装完成的续接钢塔节段)对下一续接钢塔节段进行吊装并与已安装钢塔节段安装。
其中,由于塔柱的倾斜塔段的横桥向曲率变化较大,顺桥向中心线一致,则所述自升式提升模架的起吊位置位于所述倾斜塔段倾斜的一侧,对应地,所述自升式提升模架的轨道12设于倾斜塔段沿倾斜方向的相对两侧面上,即作为所述自升式提升模架的悬臂的起重桁架22沿顺桥向延伸至塔柱范围外,以便于起吊作业。
在吊装钢塔节段时,所述自升式提升模架的起重天车23移动到所述起重桁架22位于塔柱范围外的外侧,利用其液压提升***3的两台350t千斤顶机构从塔底将续接钢塔节段提升至起重桁架22处,并通过起重天车23带动液压提升***3及续接钢塔节段从所述起重桁架22的倾斜面移动到所述起重桁架22内侧,并将续接钢塔节段下放至已安装钢塔节段顶部的安装位处。
由于倾斜塔段的塔柱自下而上的尺寸由大变小,使得所述自升式提升模架在同一钢塔节段上的两个爬架21的距离也随钢塔的增高而变小,则爬架21与所述起重桁架22之间的摆动支座241及滑移摆动支座242可有效地保持所述起重桁架22始终处于水平状态。
此外,需要注意的是,所述自升式爬升模架在倾斜塔段、直塔段以及变截面塔段的爬移过程均相同,即所述爬升组件在沿所述轨道12爬升时,先将所述油缸座132与所述轨道12联接,所述爬架顶升座131与所述轨道12解联接,所述顶升油缸41的活塞杆伸出一个行程,带动所述起重***2沿所述轨道12移动一个行程的距离;随后联接所述爬架顶升座131与所述轨道12,所述油缸座132与所述轨道12解联接,所述顶升油缸41的活塞杆回缩,所述油缸座132相对所述轨道12移动一个行程;再联接所述油缸座132与所述轨道12,所述爬架顶升座131与轨道12解联接,重复上述步骤并使所述爬升组件及起重***2爬移至续接的已完成钢塔节段上。同时,本申请的自爬升***1中采用单排四根轨道12进行交替 倒用,所述轨道12在倒用时,仅需将最下方的轨道12转移至最上方轨道12的顶部并通过所述锚固座11进行锚固。
直塔段的安装方法包括以下步骤:
在满足高度要求的已安装钢塔节段顶部安装自升式提升模架,已知直塔段为钢塔的上塔柱,则直塔段的钢塔节段的吊装可沿用倾斜塔段的所述自升式提升模架。
利用所述自升式提升模架从钢塔的一侧吊装单节续接钢塔节段到已安装钢塔节段的顶部进行安装。
在续接钢塔节段安装到位后,所述自升式提升模架可利用其自爬升***1爬升至下一工位(即新安装完成的续接钢塔节段)对下一续接钢塔节段进行吊装并与已安装钢塔节段安装。
需要理解的是,直塔段的钢塔节段的吊装过程与倾斜塔段的钢塔节段的吊装过程相同,但所述自升式提升模架的起吊位置可位于横桥向或纵桥向的任意一侧。
在倾斜塔段与直塔段的连接位置会存在曲率变化(即在T14节段和T15节段的接缝J15处存在曲率变化点),钢塔表面由倾斜状态转变为竖直状态,故变截面塔段的安装方法包括以下步骤:
首先在满足高度要求的已安装钢塔节段顶部安装自升式提升模架,已知该曲率变化点位于倾斜塔段和直塔段之间,故该处设置的自升式提升模架可沿用倾斜塔段的自升式提升模架。
利用所述自升式提升模架从钢塔一侧吊装续接钢塔节段到已安装的钢塔节段顶部进行安装,该续接钢塔节段作为自升式提升模架的当前轮次的爬升基础,并根据变截面塔段预设的曲率/角度变化值,调整附着在该续接钢塔节段上的自升式提升模架的偏转角度。
所述续接钢塔节段安装到位后,再次调整后续爬升轮次自升式提升模架的轨道12的偏转角度;
所述自升式提升模架爬升到下一个工位对下一个续接钢塔节段进行安装,直至完成该变截面塔段的安装工序。
优选地,每次所述自升式提升模架的轨道12的偏转角度范围为0.2° ~0.3°,具体可通过调节所述锚固座11与钢塔节段表面的高度来调节所述轨道12的偏转角度。
为保证所述起重***2的正常爬移,所述爬升组件(即爬架顶升座131、油缸座132及爬架导向座133)与所述轨道12之间设置合理的间隙,以适应曲率变化带来的间隙影响。优选地,所述爬升组件与所述轨道12的间隙不大于5mm,从而确保所述爬升组件与轨道12之间能够适应曲率变化带来的影响之外,还可防止因间隙过大导致所述爬升组件在爬移过程中的不稳定性。同时,所述轨道12的插拔销孔124的孔径大于所述爬架顶升座131及油缸座132的插拔销机构的销轴,具体范围为0.5mm~1mm,以确保具有足够的间隙适应爬升过程中的曲率变化。
在本实施例中,钢塔表面的角度变化为0.8°,则所述轨道12可在T13节段处开始设置转角,每次转角0.2°,然后爬移一节轨道12后,再进行下一次转角,总共经过四次转角,即可顺利通过曲率变化点。
在钢塔的施工过程中,还可进行钢横梁的施工,本实施例中的上、中、下钢横梁分别位于T29节段、T15节段和T5节段,则钢横梁的安装方法包括以下步骤:
在确保沿横桥向的相邻两个钢塔满足高度要求的情况下,在已安装钢塔节段顶部分别安装自升式提升模架。由于钢横梁的施工与钢塔的施工同步进行,则钢横梁的施工可与钢塔提升安装采用同一套自升式提升模架。
待相邻两个钢塔已施工至T6节段后,利用所述自升式提升模架吊装下横梁到钢塔下横梁安装位置处并安装。
随后在塔底位于下横梁处搭建高于下横梁顶面的临时支撑平台,并在临时支撑平台上拼装中横梁,再在中横梁顶面拼装上横梁,同时可同步施工钢塔,并在钢塔施工至上横梁的临时安装位置处停止施工,该临时安装位置位于中横梁安装位置的上方,在本实施例中,所述临时安装位置位于T19节段,所述中横梁安装位置位于T15节段。此外,在所述临时支撑平台上拼装中横梁和上横梁,使得下横梁在中横梁和上横梁拼装过程中不受力,确保钢塔结构的稳定性。
则在钢塔施工至T22节段时停止钢塔的施工,利用所述自升式提升模 架吊装上横梁至所述临时安装位置处预固定,再利用所述自升式提升模架吊装中横梁至中横梁安装位置处并安装,然后继续施工钢塔至塔顶位置,最后解除上横梁与钢塔之间的约束,并利用所述自升式提升模架吊装上横梁至钢塔的上横梁安装位置处并安装。
所述自升式提升模架在吊装横梁时,需运用到相邻两个钢塔的自升式提升模架,具体操作过程如下:先解除起重天车23与起重桁架22的约束,且爬架21及起重桁架22下移以使起重桁架22与起重天车23分离,使得起重天车23坐落并锚固在已完成钢塔节段顶部,液压提升***3横移至靠近起重桁架22的主纵梁内侧,随后通过相邻两个钢塔顶部的液压提升***3提升钢横梁,钢横梁提升到位后,解除起吊天车与已完成钢塔节段顶部的锚固,爬架21及起重桁架22在爬升组件的作用下上移并还原所述自升式提升模架。
同时,由于所述爬架顶升座131与轨道12之间设置的防坠锁舌1312和防坠剪力块125卡接以限制爬升组件下移,则在使爬架21及起重桁架22下移前,将所述防坠锁舌1312从爬架顶升座131上拆除,确保所述爬架21及起重桁架22的顺利下移。
此外,所述爬架21及起重桁架22的下移距离与轨道12的相邻两个插拔销孔124的间距呈倍数关系。优选地,本实施例中的下移距离为800mm。
进一步的,在吊装上横梁及中横梁时,可利用分配梁兜底吊的方式进行整体吊装作业。
上横梁在钢塔临时安装位置处的预固定可采用焊接或牛腿栓接的方式实现。优选地,本实施例中采用牛腿栓接的方式实现上横梁的预固定,由于上横梁的长度小于中横梁的长度,则在施工钢塔的过程中,可预先在钢塔表面设置临时牛腿,随后带上横梁通过临时牛腿后,延长临时牛腿的长度,下放上横梁至临时牛腿上并通过螺栓锁紧固定。后续在起吊上横梁时,仅需解除螺栓的锁紧固定,操作简单,提高使用效率,且临时牛腿可周转使用。
显然,本申请采用所述自升式提升模架吊装钢横梁,将钢横梁在高空 散拼改为地面和低空散拼,钢横梁的拼装可与钢塔节段吊装同步进行,节约了工期和降低了安全风险。
上横梁在吊装完成后,可利用其它吊机将所述液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架10000进行拆除。首先,空中拆除液压提升***3以及起重天车23的上部滑移梁232,再拆除起重天车23的下部滑移梁231,接着拆除起重桁架22以及爬架21,随后拆除爬升组件和轨道12,最后一次性将钢塔表面的锚固座11全部拆除。
所拆除的提升模架的各机构可通过简单改造以形成桥面吊机20000,以用于进行钢箱梁的吊装架设工作,所述桥面吊机20000为前文中提及的由本申请液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架10000改造而成的桥面吊机20000,从而可降低了斜拉桥施工措施的费用。
Claims (14)
- 一种液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架,其特征在于,包括自爬升***、起重***及液压提升***;其中,所述自爬升***包括预埋在构筑物表面的锚固座、附着在所述锚固座上的轨道,以及反钩在所述轨道上的爬升组件,所述爬升组件设有与所述轨道间隙配合的反钩部,所述爬升组件与所述轨道之间通过销接固定;所述起重***与所述爬升组件连接,所述起重***通过所述爬升组件沿所述轨道进行爬移,所述液压提升***设于所述起重***上并可相对所述起重***沿其纵向或横向移动,以用于吊装续接构筑物至安装构筑物的顶部进行安装。
- 根据权利要求1所述的液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架,其特征在于,所述爬升组件包括爬架顶升座、油缸座、爬架导向座及顶升油缸,所述顶升油缸连接于所述爬架顶升座与油缸座之间,所述爬架顶升座及爬架导向座均与所述起重***栓接固定,所述爬架顶升座及油缸座与所述轨道之间为活动连接。
- 根据权利要求2所述的液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架,其特征在于,所述轨道与锚固座连接的一面定义为背面,所述轨道的两个侧面沿其纵长方向设有反钩槽,所述反钩槽的槽底与纵长方向平行,所述反钩槽靠近轨道正面的第一槽壁与其槽底垂直,靠近轨道背面的第二槽壁与其槽底倾斜相交使得该反钩槽的槽底横截面宽度小于槽口的横截面宽度;所述爬升组件的反钩部包括横截面积形状与所述反钩槽的横截面形状适配的滑块,以及连接所述滑块的端部与所述爬升组件主体的连接臂。
- 根据权利要求3所述的液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架,其特征在于,所述反钩槽与轨道正面之间垂直于所述轨道的纵长方向开设有贯穿轨道两个侧面的插拔销孔,所述爬架顶升座、油缸座及爬架导向座均设有与所述轨道的插拔销孔适配的插拔销孔。
- 根据权利要求4所述的液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架,其特征在于,所述爬架顶升座的至少一个连接臂上设有单销轴液压插拔销机构,对应地,所述爬架顶升座的一个连接臂上开设有一个插拔销孔;所述油缸座的至少一个连接臂上设有双轴液压插拔销机构,对应地,所述油缸座的一个连接臂上开设有两个插拔销孔,所述油缸座上的同一个连接臂的两个插拔销孔的间距与轨道的插拔销孔的间距适配;所述爬架导向座的一个连接臂上开设有一个插拔销孔。
- 根据权利要求3所述的液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架,其特征在于,所述轨道的正面设有防坠剪力块,所述爬架顶升座的顶部设有可与所述防坠剪力块配合卡接的防坠锁舌。
- 根据权利要求1所述的液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架,其特征在于,所述锚固座以预设的竖直间距预埋在构筑物的表面,所述轨道的两端分别与所述锚固座附着,且相邻的两个所述轨道首尾相接并附着在同一个所述锚固座上。
- 根据权利要求2所述的液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架,其特征在于,所述起重***包括爬架、起重桁架及起重天车,所述爬架与所述爬架顶升座栓接固定,所述起重桁架设于所述爬架顶部,所述起重桁架的顶部主纵梁沿横桥向或顺桥向延伸至构筑物安装范围外,使得所述起重桁架的竖直截面呈倒梯形设置,所述起重天车设于所述起重桁架的顶部并可沿所述起重桁 架的纵长方向移动。
- 根据权利要求8所述的液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架,其特征在于,所述爬架位于同一个构筑物的相对两侧面设有两个,每个所述爬架连接有两套并排设置的自爬升***,每套所述自爬升***包括至少三根所述轨道和至少一组所述爬升组件,所述轨道交替循环使用。
- 根据权利要求9所述的液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架,其特征在于,所述爬架的顶部与所述起重桁架之间设有摆动支座及滑移摆动支座;其中,所述摆动支座位于所述起重桁架的中部压杆处,所述摆动支座包括爬架连接部及桁架前端连接部,所述爬架连接部与所述爬架固定,所述桁架前端连接部与所述起重桁架固定,且所述爬架连接部与所述桁架前端连接部铰接;所述滑移摆动支座包括爬架连接部及桁架尾端连接部,所述爬架连接部与所述爬架固定,所述爬架连接部与所述桁架尾端连接部铰接,并且所述起重桁架的底部主纵梁位于其尾端设有沿其纵长方向延伸的桁架反钩轨道,所述桁架尾端连接部与所述桁架反钩轨道配合且可沿所述桁架反钩轨道移动。
- 根据权利要求9所述的液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架,其特征在于,两个所述爬架之间设有水平恒反力机构,所述水平恒反力***包括连接于两个所述爬架的钢绞线,所述钢绞线靠近于所述起重桁架中部压杆的一端为固定端,其靠近于所述起重桁架尾部主拉杆的一端作为张拉端。
- 根据权利要求8所述的液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架,其特征在于,所述起重桁架上设有两排沿其纵长方向延伸的第一反钩轨道,所述起重天车的两侧附着在所述第一反钩轨道上,所述起重桁架上还设有用于牵引所述起重天车沿所述第一反钩轨道移动的第一行走千斤顶。
- 根据权利要求12所述的液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架,其特征在于,所述起重天车包括下部滑移梁和上部滑移梁;其中,所述下部滑移梁附着在所述第一反钩轨道上,所述下部滑移梁上设有沿所述起重桁架的横向延伸的第二反钩轨道,所述上部滑移梁附着在第二反钩轨道上,并在设于所述下部滑移梁上的第二行走千斤顶的牵引下,由所述上部滑移梁带动所述液压提升***沿起重桁架的横向移动。
- 根据权利要求8所述的液压自升式一体化斜拉桥提升模架,其特征在于,所述爬架及起重桁架均采用不同杆件栓接而成。
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