WO2022000915A1 - 音圈和发声装置 - Google Patents

音圈和发声装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022000915A1
WO2022000915A1 PCT/CN2020/127130 CN2020127130W WO2022000915A1 WO 2022000915 A1 WO2022000915 A1 WO 2022000915A1 CN 2020127130 W CN2020127130 W CN 2020127130W WO 2022000915 A1 WO2022000915 A1 WO 2022000915A1
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Prior art keywords
coil
coil segment
segment
voice coil
voice
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PCT/CN2020/127130
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
籍成宗
刘光磊
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歌尔股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2022000915A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022000915A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/04—Construction, mounting, or centering of coil
    • H04R9/046—Construction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/04—Construction, mounting, or centering of coil
    • H04R9/045—Mounting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of acoustics, in particular to a voice coil and a sound producing device using the voice coil.
  • a continuous coil is wound on the axial direction of the skeleton of the voice coil.
  • Such a design will lead to a larger overall quality of the voice coil and reduce the sound of the voice coil.
  • circle sensitivity In order to improve the sensitivity of the voice coil, the length of the coil on the skeleton in the axial direction is shortened, which will cause the coil to be separated from the dense area of magnetic induction lines in the magnetic gap during the vibration of the voice coil, resulting in distortion during the sounding process of the sounding device.
  • the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a voice coil, which aims to reduce the non-linear distortion when the sound generating device emits sound while ensuring the sensitivity of the voice coil.
  • the voice coil proposed by the present invention includes:
  • the technical solution of the present invention is that the second coil segment and the third coil segment arranged at intervals are wound outside the first coil segment, and the second coil segment and the third coil segment are spaced apart, and the voice coil satisfies the In the case of driving power, the thickness of the continuously arranged first coil segment is also reduced, so that the overall weight of the voice coil can be reduced, and there is a gap between the second coil segment and the third coil segment, during the vibration of the voice coil. , the structure formed by the second coil segment and the third coil segment can increase the amplitude in the dense area of magnetic force lines, which can effectively improve the BL linearity and avoid the distortion phenomenon.
  • the first coil segment, the second coil segment and the third coil segment are wound by a continuous voice coil wire.
  • the winding sequence of the first coil segment, the second coil segment and the third coil segment is: the first coil segment, the third coil segment Second coil segment.
  • the first coil segment is wound by a voice coil wire
  • the second coil segment and the third coil segment are wound by another voice coil wire
  • one of the second coil segment and the third coil segment and the first coil segment are wound by a voice coil wire, and one of the second coil segment and the third coil segment is wound by one voice coil wire.
  • the other is wound from another voice coil wire;
  • the two voice coil wires are arranged in series or in parallel.
  • the first coil segment, the second coil segment, and the third coil segment are respectively formed by winding three different voice coil wires, wherein the three voice coil wires are arranged in parallel, or, the three voice coil wires are Two of the wires are connected in parallel and then in series with the remaining voice coil wires, or, three voice coil wires in series.
  • the first coil segment is provided with at least one voice coil layer
  • the number of voice coil layers arranged in the radial direction of the first coil segment is less than or equal to the number of the voice coil layers arranged in the radial direction of the second coil segment and/or the third coil segment.
  • the number of voice coil layers in the radial direction of the second coil segment is the same as or different from the number of voice coil layers in the radial direction of the third coil segment.
  • the present invention also provides a sounding device, which includes a housing and a magnetic circuit system accommodated in the housing.
  • the sounding device further includes the voice coil according to any one of the above, and the magnetic circuit system is formed with a magnetic gap, so One end of the voice coil extends into the magnetic gap.
  • the magnetic circuit system includes a magnetic conductive yoke, a central magnetic circuit portion and a side magnetic circuit portion provided on the magnetic conductive yoke, and the magnetic circuit portion is formed between the central magnetic circuit portion and the side magnetic circuit portion.
  • the upper surface of the central magnetic circuit part is provided with a central magnetic conductive plate, and the width of the gap between the second coil segment and the third coil segment is smaller than the thickness of the central magnetic conductive plate.
  • the total length of the voice coil wires in the second coil segment is the same as the total length of the voice coil wires in the second coil segment, and the center of the gap between the second coil segment and the third coil segment on the horizontal centerline of the central magnetic conducting plate.
  • the second coil segment is located above the third coil segment
  • the total length of the voice coil wires in the second coil segment is greater than the total length of the voice coil wires in the third coil segment, and the center of the gap between the second coil segment and the third coil segment is located in the center conductor. Below the horizontal centerline of the magnetic plate;
  • the total length of the voice coil wires in the second coil segment is less than the total length of the voice coil wires in the third coil segment, and the center of the gap between the second coil segment and the third coil segment is located in the Above the horizontal centerline of the center magnetic plate.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a sounding device of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a voice coil according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of yet another embodiment of the voice coil in the sounding device of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the sounding device in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the sounding device in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a third embodiment of the sound generating device of FIG. 1 .
  • the terms "connected”, “fixed” and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, “fixed” may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated; It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be an internal communication between two elements or an interaction relationship between the two elements, unless otherwise explicitly defined.
  • “fixed” may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated; It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be an internal communication between two elements or an interaction relationship between the two elements, unless otherwise explicitly defined.
  • the sound generating device 1 includes a casing, a vibration system 10 and a magnetic circuit system 20 accommodated in the casing.
  • the vibration system 10 includes a diaphragm 110 and a voice coil 120 fixed on one side of the diaphragm 110 .
  • the diaphragm 110 includes a center portion 111 , a ring portion 112 disposed around the center portion 111 , and a fixing portion 113 disposed around the ring portion 112 ; the diaphragm 110 may further include a composite layer 114 combined with the center portion 111 .
  • the magnetic circuit system 20 includes a magnetic conductive yoke fixed to the housing, and the magnetic conductive yoke is provided with an inner magnetic circuit portion 220 and an outer magnetic circuit portion 230 , and a magnetic gap for accommodating the voice coil 120 is formed therebetween.
  • the magnetic yoke may be T-shaped or bowl-shaped.
  • the inner magnetic circuit portion 220 includes a center magnet 221 disposed at the center of the magnetic yoke and a center magnet 221 disposed at the center of the magnetic yoke.
  • the magnetic gap is formed between the bowl wall of the magnetic conductive yoke and the center magnet 221 and the central magnetic conductive plate 222.
  • the outer magnetic circuit part 230 includes a The side magnets at the edge of the yoke and the side magnetic conducting plates are arranged on the side magnets, and the magnetic gap is formed between the side magnets, the side magnetic conducting plates and the T-shaped column.
  • the present invention further improves the voice coil 120, and proposes a voice coil 120.
  • the voice coil 120 includes a cylindrical bobbin 130 and a coil 140 formed by the voice coil wire wound outside the bobbin 130.
  • the coil 140 includes a first coil segment 140a and a coil 140 wound around The second coil segment 140b and the third coil segment 140c outside the first coil segment 140a, wherein the second coil segment 140b and the third coil segment 140c are spaced apart in the axial direction of the first coil segment 140a.
  • the coil segment wound on the first coil segment 140a may also be provided with three coil segments.
  • the present application adopts the solution of disposing the second coil segment 140b and the third coil segment 140c on the first coil segment 140a in the drawings based on the consideration of reducing the cost and reducing the weight of the voice coil 120 .
  • the technical solution of the present invention is to ensure that the sensitivity of the voice coil 120 is ensured, the voice coil 120 has a certain weight and the length of the voice coil wire in the coil 140 is constant.
  • the second coil segment 140b and the third coil segment 140c that is, the voice coil 120 of the present invention is not like the prior art, the coil 120 is a continuous long segment of equal thickness, but one coil segment is replaced by three coils and there is a certain distance between the two outer coil segments. Under the condition that the total length of the voice coil wire remains unchanged, the magnetic field lines in the magnetic circuit system can be more fully utilized, thereby increasing the impact of the magnetic circuit system on the voice coil. driving force.
  • the height range of the coil 140 in the longitudinal direction can be increased due to the gap between the two coil segments, which improves the tendency to deviate during the vertical vibration of the voice coil in the prior art.
  • the dense area of magnetic lines of force refers to the area around the central magnetic conducting plate 222 , and specifically refers to the area around the central magnetic conducting plate 222 corresponding to the area between the upper surface and the lower surface of the center line magnetic conducting plate 222 , where the magnetic lines of force are the densest and the magnetic field strength is the greatest.
  • the two coil segments In the structure of splitting one coil segment into two coil segments, at least a part of the two coil segments will be placed in the dense area of magnetic force lines during the vibration of the voice coil 120, and the utilization rate of the magnetic force lines is significantly higher than that of the conventional structure with one coil segment .
  • two coil segments correspond to one dense area of magnetic force lines.
  • the first coil segment 140a, the second coil segment 140b and the third coil segment 140c are connected in series.
  • the first coil segment 140a, the second coil segment 140b and the third coil segment 140c are wound by a continuous voice coil wire, and the second coil segment 140b and the third coil segment 140c pass through The jumper mode is turned on.
  • the winding sequence of the first coil segment 140a, the second coil segment 140b and the third coil segment 140c is: the first coil segment 140a, the third coil segment 140c, the second coil segment 140b, It can be seen from FIG. 2 that the second coil segment 140b is located above the third coil segment 140c.
  • the winding can be directly opened from the end of the first coil segment 140a.
  • the third coil segment 140c avoids many over-wires, and the process is simpler and more efficient.
  • the first coil segment 140a, the second coil segment 140b and the third coil segment 140c are arranged in series, it can make the voice coil 120 in the magnetic gap be adjusted according to the electromotive force difference between the second coil segment 140b and the third coil segment 140c when the power is turned on.
  • the position of the voice coil 120 can be calculated in real time, so that the vibration system of the sound generating device 1 can be optimized in real time, so as to improve the acoustic performance of the sound generating device 1 .
  • the second coil segment 140b and the third coil segment 140c have different positions in the magnetic field of the magnetic gap, so the magnetic induction intensity passing through the second coil segment 140b and the third coil segment 140c Therefore, the induced electromotive force generated by the second coil segment 140b and the third coil segment 140c are also different.
  • the second coil segment can be calculated in real time.
  • the relative position of 140b and the third coil segment 140c in the magnetic field that is, the vibration position of the entire voice coil 120 in the magnetic field.
  • the voice coil 120 deviates from the preset position during the vibration process, the positions of the second coil segment 140b and the third coil segment 140c will both change, and the induced electromotive force generated by the second coil segment 140b and the third coil segment 140c will change. changes, that is, the voltage difference at the connection between the second coil segment 140b and the third coil segment 140c changes, and the overall offset of the voice coil 120 can be calculated by detecting the change in the voltage difference, so that the compensation current can be input externally.
  • the voice coil 120 is returned to the preset position to correct the position of the voice coil 120 to improve the vibration stability and symmetry of the voice coil 120 in the magnetic field, thereby effectively improving the overall acoustic performance of the sound generating device 1 .
  • the first coil segment 140a is wound by a voice coil wire, and the second coil segment 140b and the third coil segment 140c are wound by another voice coil wire;
  • one of the second coil segment 140b and the third coil segment 140c and the first coil segment 140a are wound by a voice coil wire, and one of the second coil segment 140b and the third coil segment 140c The other is formed by winding another voice coil wire; wherein, the two voice coil wires are arranged in series or in parallel.
  • the first coil segment 140a and the third coil segment 140c are connected in series, and the second coil segment 140b and the third coil segment 140c are arranged in parallel.
  • An independent control circuit is designed, so that by monitoring the positions of the first coil segment 140a and the second coil segment 140b in the magnetic gap, the ratio of the input current in the first coil segment 140a and the second coil segment 140b can be adjusted in real time, and the BL linear region can be adjusted , for the best acoustic performance.
  • the first coil segment 140a, the second coil segment 140b and the third coil segment 140c are respectively wound by three different voice coil wires, wherein the three voice coil wires are arranged in parallel, or, the three voice coil wires are Two of them are connected in parallel and then connected in series with the remaining voice coil wires, or, three voice coil wires are connected in series.
  • the first coil segment 140a, the second coil segment 140b and the third coil segment 140c are connected in parallel. In this way, an independent control circuit can also be implemented to facilitate the adjustment of the BL linear region and avoid distortion.
  • the number of voice coil layers arranged in the radial direction of the first coil segment 140a is less than or equal to the number of voice coil layers arranged in the radial direction of the second coil segment 140b and/or the third coil segment 140c quantity.
  • the first coil segment 140a of the present application is provided with at least one voice coil layer, wherein the voice coil layer is a structure formed by arranging a plurality of voice coil coils formed by the voice coil around the bobbin 130 on a vertical surface.
  • the number of voice coil layers arranged in the radial direction of one coil segment 140a is less than or equal to the number of voice coil layers arranged in the radial direction of the second coil segment 140b and the third coil segment 140c.
  • the voice coil in the voice coil 120 When the total length of the coil wire is constant, the length of the coil 140 in the axial direction of the bobbin 130 can be made larger, thereby improving the problem of insufficient utilization of the magnetic field lines caused by the tendency to deviate from the dense area of the magnetic field lines during the up-and-down vibration of the voice coil in the prior art. . And it also enables the voice coil 120 to adjust the width of the BL linear region to reduce nonlinear distortion. for better sound quality.
  • the number of voice coil layers in the radial direction of the second coil segment 140b is the same as the number of voice coil layers in the radial direction of the third coil segment 140c.
  • the number of voice coil layers of the second coil segment 140b in the radial direction is the same as the number of voice coil layers of the third coil segment 140c in the radial direction, it can be applied to the situation where the magnetic circuit design is relatively symmetrical, then the second coil segment When the structures of 140b and the third coil segment 140c are symmetrical, they correspond to symmetrical magnetic circuits, so that the BL curve of the voice coil 120 has good symmetry and reduces nonlinear distortion.
  • the number of voice coil layers in the radial direction of the second coil segment 140b may also be different from the number of voice coil layers in the radial direction of the third coil segment 140c, which is due to the asymmetry in the magnetic circuit design
  • the number of voice coil layers 141 in the coil segment corresponding to the area with dense magnetic lines of force may also be larger, and the number of voice coil layers 141 in the coil segment corresponding to the area where the magnetic lines of force are not dense is also correspondingly reduced. It can compensate for the asymmetry of the magnetic circuit design, reduce the occurrence of BL asymmetry caused by different BL attenuation, and obtain the effect of a more symmetrical BL curve.
  • the present invention makes the windings in the voice coil layer of the lower part of the second coil segment 140b closer.
  • the number of windings in the upper part of the voice coil layer is larger than that in the upper part of the voice coil layer, and the number of winding turns in the upper part of the third coil segment 140c is larger than that in the lower part of the voice coil layer.
  • the lower end of the second coil segment 140b with a denser number of coils and the third coil segment 140c with a denser number of coils The upper end is concentrated in the area where the magnetic lines of force are dense.
  • the sound generating device 1 works and the voice coil 120 vibrates up and down, the BL asymmetry caused by different BL attenuation can be reduced, the distortion of the frequency band near the FO is improved, and the voice coil 120 can be improved. Sensitivity at large voltages, thereby improving the performance of the sound-generating device.
  • FO means that the speaker has a natural resonant frequency in the low frequency band called FO. In the effective audio frequency range of a normal speaker, the distortion of the frequency band near the FO point is the largest.
  • the material of the voice coil wire can be enameled wire, and the wire diameter of the voice coil wire in the voice coil 120 can be selected in the range of 0.03-0.20 mm. If the wire diameter is 0.20 mm or more, the specific gravity of the voice coil 120 becomes large, and the vibration loss becomes large. If the wire diameter is less than 0.03mm, the strength will also be insufficient, and it is difficult to achieve high power output of the sounding device 1.
  • the gap between the first coil segment 140a and the second coil 140 is set to be larger than one voice coil wire. Wire diameter, eg greater than 0.2mm. Due to the interval between the second coil segment 140b and the second coil segment 140c, the longitudinal height of the coil 140 is increased.
  • the first coil segment 140a, the second coil segment 140b and the third coil segment 140c will always have some structures in the dense area of magnetic force lines, which can effectively improve the BL linear area and avoid distortion.
  • the voice coil 120 protrudes into the magnetic gap, and the upper surface of the inner magnetic circuit part 220 is provided with a central magnetic conductive plate 222. Since the magnetic field lines in the magnetic circuit system 20 in the sounding device 1 pass through the central magnetic conductive plate The function of the plate 222 can be gathered to make full use of, wherein the height interval corresponding to the central magnetic conducting plate 222 in the magnetic gap is a dense area of magnetic lines of force. The width of the gap between the third coil segment 140c and the third coil segment 140c is smaller than the thickness of the central magnetic conductive plate 222. In the natural state, the gap between the second coil segment 140b and the third coil segment 140c of the present application is at the central magnetic conductive plate 222.
  • the first coil segment 140a, the second coil segment 140b and the third coil segment 140c can all cut the magnetic lines of force during the start-up stage and can push the diaphragm 110 upwards or downwards.
  • the total length of the voice coil wires in the second coil segment 140b and the total length of the voice coil wires in the third coil segment 140c are the same, and the length between the second coil segment 140b and the third coil segment 140c is the same.
  • the center of the gap between them is located on the horizontal centerline of the center magnetic conducting plate 222 .
  • the total length of the voice coil wires in the first coil segment 140a and the total length of the voice coil wires in the second coil segment 140b are the same, and the driving forces of the second coil segment 140b and the third coil segment 140c are equivalent, BL The symmetry is good, and the nonlinear distortion is reduced.
  • the total length of the voice coil wires in the second coil segment 140b is greater than the total length of the voice coil wires in the third coil segment 140c, the second coil segment 140b and the third coil
  • the center of the gap between the segments 140c is located below the horizontal centerline of the central magnetic conducting plate 222.
  • it can be applied to a design in which the upper magnetic lines of force are relatively dense.
  • the total length of the wire is greater than the total length of the voice coil wire in the third coil segment 140c. It can effectively make up for the asymmetry of the magnetic circuit design, thereby improving the symmetry of the BL curve, which is conducive to improving the sound quality.
  • the total length of the voice coil wires in the second coil segment 140b is less than the total length of the voice coil wires in the third coil segment 140c, the second coil segment 140b and the first coil segment 140b.
  • the center of the gap between the three coil segments 140c is located above the horizontal centerline of the center magnetic conducting plate 222 .
  • it can be applied to a design in which the lower magnetic field lines are relatively dense, by making the total length of the voice coil wires in the second coil segment 140b smaller than the total length of the voice coil wires in the third coil segment 140c. It can effectively make up for the asymmetry of the magnetic circuit design, thereby improving the symmetry of the BL curve, which is conducive to improving the sound quality.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开一种音圈和发声装置，音圈包括：构成筒状的骨架和绕制在所述骨架外部的第一线圈段以及绕制在所述第一线圈段外部的第二线圈段和第三线圈段，其中，所述第二线圈段和所述第三线圈段在所述第一线圈段的轴向上间隔排布。本发明技术方案音圈质量减轻并且能够降低非线性失真。

Description

音圈和发声装置 技术领域
本发明涉及声学技术领域，特别涉及一种音圈和应用该音圈的发声装置。
背景技术
在相关技术中，为了使得发声装置在低频区域具有较大的振幅，会在音圈的骨架的轴向上缠绕一段连续线圈，这样的设计，会导致音圈的整体质量较大，降低了音圈的灵敏度。而为了提升音圈的灵敏度，将骨架上的线圈在轴向上的长度缩短，则会导致音圈振动过程中，线圈脱离磁间隙中的磁感应线密集区，导致发声装置发声过程中失真。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的是提供一种音圈，旨在确保音圈灵敏度的情况下，降低发声装置发声时非线性失真的情况。
为实现上述目的，本发明提出的音圈，包括：
构成筒状的骨架；和
绕制在所述骨架外部的第一线圈段，以及
绕制在所述第一线圈段外部的第二线圈段和第三线圈段，其中，所述第二线圈段和所述第三线圈段在所述第一线圈段的轴向上间隔排布。
本发明技术方案，通过在第一线圈段外部绕制有间隔排布的第二线圈段和第三线圈段，通过以第二线圈段和第三线圈段之间有间隔，并且使得音圈满足驱动功率的情况下，连续设置的第一线圈段的厚度也得到降低，从而音圈的整体重量能得到降低，并且第二线圈段和第三线圈段之间有间隔，在音圈振动过程中，第二线圈段和第三线圈段构成的结构能够处于磁力线密集区中的振幅增大，如此可以有效提升BL线性，避免失真现象。
可选地，所述第一线圈段、所述第二线圈段和所述第三线圈段通过一根连续音圈线绕制而成。
可选地，在所述音圈线绕制过程中，所述第一线圈段、所述第二线圈段和所述第三线圈段的绕制顺序为：第一线圈段、第三线圈段第二线圈段。
可选地，所述第一线圈段由一音圈线绕制而成，所述第二线圈段和所述第三线圈段由另一音圈线绕制而成；
或者，所述第二线圈段和所述第三线圈段的其中之一与第一线圈段由一根音圈线绕制而成，所述第二线圈段和所述第三线圈段的其中之另一由另一个音圈线绕制而成；
其中，两音圈线串联或者并联设置。
可选地，所述第一线圈段、所述第二线圈段以及所述第三线圈段分别由三条不同音圈线绕制而成，其中，三条音圈线并联设置，或者，三条音圈线中的两条并联以后再与剩下的音圈线串联，或者，三条音圈线串联。
可选地，所述第一线圈段设有至少一层音圈线层；
所述第一线圈段径向上排布的音圈线层的数量小于或等于所述第二线圈段和/或所述第三线圈段径向上排布的音圈线层的数量。
可选地，所述第二线圈段在径向上的音圈线层数量与所述第三线圈段在径向上的音圈线层的数量相同或者不同。
本发明还提出一种发声装置，包括壳体以及收容于所述壳体内的磁路***，发声装置还包括如上述任意一项所述的音圈，所述磁路***形成有磁间隙，所述音圈的一端伸入所述磁间隙中。
可选地，所述磁路***包括导磁轭、设于所述导磁轭上的中心磁路部分和边磁路部分，所述中心磁路部分和边磁路部分之间形成所述磁间隙，所述中心磁路部分上表面设置有中心导磁板，所述第二线圈段和第三线圈段之间的间隙的宽度小于所述中心导磁板的厚度。
可选地，所述第二线圈段中音圈线的总长度和所述第二线圈段中音圈线的总长度相同，所述第二线圈段和第三线圈段之间的间隙的中心位于所述中心导磁板的水平中心线上。
可选地，所述第二线圈段位于所述第三线圈段的上方；
所述第二线圈段中音圈线的总长度大于所述第三线圈段中音圈线的总长度，所述第二线圈段和第三线圈段之间的间隙的中心位于所述中心导磁板的水平中心线的下方；
或者，所述第二线圈段中音圈线的总长度小于所述第三线圈段中音圈线的总长度，所述第二线圈段和第三线圈段之间的间隙的中心位于所述中心导磁板的水平中心线的上方。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图示出的结构获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明发声装置的分解结构示意图；
图2为本发明一实施例的音圈的局部剖视图；
图3为图1中发声装置中的音圈的又一实施例的剖视图；
图4为图1中发声装置的第一实施例的剖视图；
图5为图1中发声装置的第二实施例的剖视图；
图6为图1中发声装置的第三实施例的剖视图。
附图标号说明：
标号 名称 标号 名称
1 发声装置 140 线圈
10 振动*** 140a 第一线圈段
110 振膜 140b 第二线圈段
111 中心部 140c 第三线圈段
112 折环部 20 磁路***
113 固定部 220 内磁路部分
114 复合层 221 中心磁铁
120 音圈 222 中心导磁板
130 骨架 230 外磁路部分
本发明目的的实现、功能特点及优点将结合实施例，参照附图做进一步说明。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“连接”、“固定”等应做广义理解，例如，“固定”可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系，除非另有明确的限定。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
另外，在本发明中如涉及“第一”、“第二”等的描述仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示其相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。另外，各个实施例之间的技术方案可以相互结合，但是必须是以本领域普通技术人员能够实现为基础，当技术方案的结合出现相互矛盾或无法实现时应当认为这种技术方案的结合不存在，也不在本发明要求的保护范围之内。
请结合参照图1、图4至图6，在本发明实施例中，发声装置1包括壳体以及收容于壳体内的振动***10和磁路***20。
振动***10包括振膜110、固定于振膜110一侧的音圈120。振膜110包括中心部111、围绕中心部111设置的折环部112以及围绕折环部112设置的固定部113；所述振膜110还可以包括结合于中心部111的复合层114。
磁路***20包括与外壳固定的导磁轭，导磁轭上设有内磁路部分220和外磁路部分230，两者之间形成容纳音圈120的磁间隙。
在一些实施例中，导磁轭可以是T字形或者碗状，当导磁轭为碗状时，内磁路部分220包括设于导磁轭的中央位置的中心磁铁221和设于中心磁铁221上的中心导磁板222，导磁轭的碗壁与中心磁铁221和中心导磁板222之间形成所述磁间隙，当导磁轭呈T字形时外磁路部分230包括设于导磁轭的 边缘位置的边磁铁和设于边磁铁上的边导磁板，边磁铁和边导磁板与T字形柱之间形成有所述磁间隙。
本发明为了提升发声装置1的声学性能，进一步地，还对音圈120进行改进，并提出了一种音圈120。
请参照图2，在本发明实施例中，音圈120包括构成筒状的骨架130和由音圈线绕制在骨架130外部形成的线圈140，线圈140包括第一线圈段140a以及绕制在第一线圈段140a外部的第二线圈段140b和第三线圈段140c，其中，第二线圈段140b和第三线圈段140c在第一线圈段140a的轴向上间隔排布。可以理解的，本申请附图中虽然列出了在第一线圈段140a上缠绕的其他线圈段为两个，但是在其他实施例中，缠绕第一线圈段140a上在线圈段也可以设置有三个或者四个，本申请基于降低成本，减轻音圈120的重量角度考虑，采用附图中的在第一线圈段140a上设置有第二线圈段140b和第三线圈段140c的方案。
本发明技术方案，在确保音圈120灵敏度，音圈120具有一定重量以及线圈140中的音圈线长度一定的情况下，通过在线圈140中设计第一线圈段140a外部绕制有间隔排布的第二线圈段140b和第三线圈段140c，即本发明的音圈120不在是像现有技术中，线圈120是等厚度连续的一长段，而是将一个线圈段替换为三个线圈段，且在外侧的两个线圈段之间具有一定间距，在音圈线的总长度不变的情况下，可以更充分的利用磁路***中的磁力线，从而增大磁路***对音圈的驱动力。在音圈线的总长度相同，且层数相同的情况下，由于两线圈段之间设有间隙，可以增加线圈140纵向上的高度范围，改善了现有技术音圈上下振动过程中容易偏离磁力线密集区导致的磁力线利用不充分的问题。其中磁力线密集区指中心导磁板222周围的区域，具体指中心导磁板222周围对应中线导磁板222上表面和下表面之间的区域，此区域内磁力线最密集，磁场强度最大。这种将一个线圈段拆分为两个线圈段的结构，音圈120振动过程中两个线圈段的至少一部分会置于磁力线密集区中，磁力线的利用率显著高于传统一个线圈段的结构。本实施例，两个线圈段对应一个磁力线密集区。
接下来将从几个方面对本发明的音圈120的结构进行介绍。
关于线圈段的绕线结构。
在一些实施例中，所述第一线圈段140a、第二线圈段140b以及第三线圈段140c串联导通。在本实施例中，第一线圈段140a、第二线圈段140b和第三线圈段140c通过一根连续音圈线绕制而成，而且第二线圈段140b和第三线圈段140c之间通过跳线方式导通。在音圈线绕制过程中，第一线圈段140a、第二线圈段140b和第三线圈段140c的绕制顺序为：第一线圈段140a、第三线圈段140c、第二线圈段140b，由图2中可以看到第二线圈段140b位于第三线圈段140c的上方，通过上述形成顺序，则一根音圈线绕制时，可以从第一线圈段140a的结束端直接开设绕制第三线圈段140c，这样避免了较多的跨线，制程上更简单，效率更高。在第一线圈段140a、第二线圈段140b和第三线圈段140c串联设置时，可以使得通电时，根据第二线圈段140b与第三线圈段140c间的电动势差异对音圈120在磁间隙中的位置进行建模，从而可实时计算出音圈120所处的位置，从而可对发声装置1的振动***进行实时优化，以提升发声装置1的声学性能。具体的，在两个线圈段串联时，第二线圈段140b及第三线圈段140c由于在磁间隙的磁场中的位置不同，因此穿过第二线圈段140b及第三线圈段140c的磁感应强度也不同，从而第二线圈段140b及第三线圈段140c产生的感应电动势也不同，通过检测第二线圈段140b与第三线圈段140c连接处的电压差，可实时计算得出第二线圈段140b与第三线圈段140c在磁场中的相对位置，即音圈120整体在磁场中的振动位置。
若音圈120在振动过程中偏离预设位置，则第二线圈段140b与第三线圈段140c的位置均会发生变化，此时第二线圈段140b与第三线圈段140c产生的感应电动势会发生变化，即第二线圈段140b与第三线圈段140c连接处的电压差发生变化，通过检测到电压差的变化可计算出音圈120的整体偏移，从而可通过外部输入补偿电流的方式使音圈120重新回到预设位置，实现对音圈120位置的矫正，以提高音圈120在磁场中的振动稳定性和对称性，从而有效提高发声装置1的整体声学性能。
在一些实施例中，所述第一线圈段140a由一音圈线绕制而成，第二线圈段140b和第三线圈段140c由另一音圈线绕制而成；
或者，所述第二线圈段140b和第三线圈段140c的其中之一与第一线圈段140a由一根音圈线绕制而成，第二线圈段140b和第三线圈段140c的其中之另一由另一个音圈线绕制而成；其中，两音圈线串联或者并联设置。例如， 第一线圈段140a与第三线圈段140c串联导通，第二线圈段140b和第三线圈段140c并联设置，这样的好处在于，可以分别对第一线圈段140a和第二线圈段140b设计独立控制电路，如此可以通过监控第一线圈段140a和第二线圈段140b在磁间隙中的位置，实时调整第一线圈段140a和第二线圈段140b中输入电流的比例，调整BL线性区，获得最好的声学性能。在其他实施例中，第一线圈段140a、第二线圈段140b以及第三线圈段140c分别由三条不同音圈线绕制而成，其中，三条音圈线并联设置，或者，三条音圈线中的两条并联以后再与剩下的音圈线串联，或者，三条音圈线串联。第一线圈段140a、第二线圈段140b以及第三线圈段140c三者并联。如此，同样可以进行独立的控制电路，方便调整BL线性区，避免失真。
在一些实施例中，所述第一线圈段140a径向上排布的音圈线层的数量小于或等于第二线圈段140b和/或第三线圈段140c径向上排布的音圈线层的数量。本申请第一线圈段140a设置有至少一层音圈线层，其中音圈线层是通过音圈线圈绕骨架130形成的多个音圈线圈在一个竖向表面排列所形成的结构，通过第一线圈段140a径向上排布的音圈线层的数量小于或等于第二线圈段140b和第三线圈段140c径向上排布的音圈线层的数量，如此，在音圈120中的音圈线总长度一定的情况下，可以使得线圈140在骨架130的轴向上的长度更大，从而改善了现有技术音圈上下振动过程中容易偏离磁力线密集区导致的磁力线利用不充分的问题。并且也使得音圈120能够调整BL线性区宽度，降低非线性失真。获得更好的音质。
可选地，所述第二线圈段140b在径向上的音圈线层数量与第三线圈段140c在径向上的音圈线层的数量相同。在第二线圈段140b在径向上的音圈线层数量与第三线圈段140c在径向上的音圈线层的数量相同时，可以应用于磁路设计相对对称的情形，则第二线圈段140b和第三线圈段140c的结构对称的情况下对应对称的的磁路，使得音圈120的BL曲线对称性好，非线性失真降低。第二线圈段140b在径向上的音圈线层数量与第三线圈段140c在径向上的音圈线层的数量也可以不相同，这种情况则是考虑到磁路设计中存在不对称的情况，可以在磁力线密集的区域所对应的线圈段中的音圈线层141数量也较多，而磁力线不密集的区域所对应的线圈段中的音圈线层141数量也相应减少，则可以达到弥补磁路设计的不对称，减少发生因BL衰减不同所引 起的BL不对称的情况，得到更对称的BL曲线的效果。
进一步地，请参照图3，由于第二线圈段140b的下端以及第三线圈段140c的上端更靠近磁力线密集区，因此本发明将第二线圈段140b的下部分的音圈线层中的绕制圈数要大于其上部分的音圈线层中的绕制圈数，而第三线圈段140c的上部分的音圈线层中的绕制圈数要大于其下部分的音圈线层中的绕制圈数，这样的设置，将音圈120***到磁间隙内后，第二线圈段140b中绕制圈数更密集的下端以及第三线圈段140c中绕制圈数更密集的上端集中在磁力线密集的区域，当发声装置1工作，音圈120上下振动时，可以减少发生因BL衰减不同所引起的BL不对称的情况，改善了FO附近频段的失真，提升了音圈120在大电压下的灵敏度，从而提高发声装置的性能。其中FO是喇叭在低频段有个固有谐振频率简称FO，在正常喇叭的有效声频范围内，FO点附近频段的失真最大。
关于音圈线的结构。
其中音圈线材料可以是漆包线，而音圈120中的音圈线的线径可以选择在0.03～0.20mm程度。如果线径为0.20mm以上，则音圈120的比重变大，振动损失大。如果线径为0.03mm以下，则会强度也易不足，难以实现发声装置1大功率输出，本申请将第一线圈段140a和第二线圈140之间的间隙设置为大于一根音圈线的线径，例如大于0.2mm。由于第二线圈段140b和第二线圈段140c之间有间隔，增大了线圈140的纵向高度，在音圈120振动过程中，第一线圈段140a、第二线圈段140b以及第三线圈段140c总会有部分结构处于磁力线密集区中，如此可以有效提升BL线性区，避免失真现象。
由上述内容我们得知，音圈120的一端伸入磁间隙中，而且内磁路部分220上表面设置有中心导磁板222，由于发声装置1中磁路***20中的磁力线经过中心导磁板222的作用能进行聚集以充分利用，其中磁间隙中对应中心导磁板222的高度区间内为磁力线密集区，为了有效利用磁力线并且实现音圈120驱动灵敏，本申请，第二线圈段140b和第三线圈段140c之间的间隙的宽度小于中心导磁板222的厚度，在自然状态下，本申请第二线圈段140b和第三线圈段140c之间的间隙是在中心导磁板222的高度区域内的；并且由于第二线圈段140b和第三线圈段140c之间的间隙的宽度小于中心导磁板222的厚度，第二线圈段140b的下端以及第三线圈段140c的上端均位于磁力线 密集区内，则第一线圈段140a、第二线圈段140b以及第三线圈段140c在启动阶段均可以切割磁力线进而可以向上或者向下推动振膜110。
请参照图4，在一些实施例中，第二线圈段140b中音圈线的总长度和第三线圈段140c中音圈线的总长度相同，第二线圈段140b和第三线圈段140c之间的间隙的中心位于中心导磁板222的水平中心线上。在本实施例中，第一线圈段140a中音圈线的总长度和第二线圈段140b中音圈线的总长度相同，第二线圈段140b和第三线圈段140c的驱动力相当，BL的对称性好，非线性失真降低。
请参照图5，在一些实施例中，所述第二线圈段140b中音圈线的总长度大于所述第三线圈段140c中音圈线的总长度，第二线圈段140b和第三线圈段140c之间的间隙的中心位于中心导磁板222的水平中心线的下方，在本实施方案中，可以应用于上部的磁力线相对密集的设计，通过将所述第二线圈段140b中音圈线的总长度大于所述第三线圈段140c中音圈线的总长度。可以有效弥补磁路设计不对称的情况，从而提升BL曲线对称的情形，有利于提升音质效果。
请参照图6，在一些实施例中，所述第二线圈段140b中音圈线的总长度小于所述第三线圈段140c中音圈线的总长度，所述第二线圈段140b和第三线圈段140c之间的间隙的中心位于中心导磁板222的水平中心线的上方。在本实施方案中，可以应用于下部的磁力线相对密集的设计，通过将所述第二线圈段140b中音圈线的总长度小于所述第三线圈段140c中音圈线的总长度。可以有效弥补磁路设计不对称的情况，从而提升BL曲线对称的情形，有利于提升音质效果。
以上所述仅为本发明的可选实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是在本发明的发明构思下，利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构变换，或直接/间接运用在其他相关的技术领域均包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种音圈，其特征在于，包括：
    构成筒状的骨架；和
    绕制在所述骨架外部的第一线圈段，以及
    绕制在所述第一线圈段外部的第二线圈段和第三线圈段，其中，所述第二线圈段和所述第三线圈段在所述第一线圈段的轴向上间隔排布。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的音圈，其特征在于，所述第一线圈段、所述第二线圈段和所述第三线圈段通过一根连续音圈线绕制而成。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的音圈，其特征在于，在所述音圈线绕制过程中，所述第一线圈段、所述第二线圈段和所述第三线圈段的绕制顺序为：第一线圈段、第三线圈段、第二线圈段。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的音圈，其特征在于，所述第一线圈段由一音圈线绕制而成，所述第二线圈段和所述第三线圈段由另一音圈线绕制而成；
    或者，所述第二线圈段和所述第三线圈段的其中之一与第一线圈段由一根音圈线绕制而成，所述第二线圈段和所述第三线圈段的其中之另一由另一个音圈线绕制而成；
    其中，两音圈线串联或者并联设置。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的音圈，其特征在于，所述第一线圈段、所述第二线圈段以及所述第三线圈段分别由三条不同音圈线绕制而成，其中，三条音圈线并联设置，或者，三条音圈线中的两条并联以后再与剩下的音圈线串联，或者，三条音圈线串联。
  6. 如权利要求1至5中任意一项所述的音圈，其特征在于，所述第一线圈段设有至少一层音圈线层；
    所述第一线圈段径向上排布的音圈线层的数量小于或等于所述第二线圈 段和/或所述第三线圈段径向上排布的音圈线层的数量。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的音圈，其特征在于，所述第二线圈段在径向上的音圈线层数量与所述第三线圈段在径向上的音圈线层的数量相同或者不同。
  8. 一种发声装置1，包括壳体以及收容于所述壳体内的磁路***，其特征在于，还包括如权利要求1至7中任意一项所述的音圈，所述磁路***形成有磁间隙，所述音圈的一端伸入所述磁间隙中。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的发声装置1，其特征在于，所述磁路***包括导磁轭、设于所述导磁轭上的中心磁路部分和边磁路部分，所述中心磁路部分和边磁路部分之间形成所述磁间隙，所述中心磁路部分上表面设置有中心导磁板，所述第二线圈段和第三线圈段之间的间隙的宽度小于所述中心导磁板的厚度。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的发声装置1，其特征在于，所述第二线圈段中音圈线的总长度和所述第二线圈段中音圈线的总长度相同，所述第二线圈段和第三线圈段之间的间隙的中心位于所述中心导磁板的水平中心线上。
  11. 如权利要求9所述的发声装置1，其特征在于，所述第二线圈段位于所述第三线圈段的上方；
    所述第二线圈段中音圈线的总长度大于所述第三线圈段中音圈线的总长度，所述第二线圈段和第三线圈段之间的间隙的中心位于所述中心导磁板的水平中心线的下方；
    或者，所述第二线圈段中音圈线的总长度小于所述第三线圈段中音圈线的总长度，所述第二线圈段和第三线圈段之间的间隙的中心位于所述中心导磁板的水平中心线的上方。
PCT/CN2020/127130 2020-06-29 2020-11-06 音圈和发声装置 WO2022000915A1 (zh)

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