WO2021248514A1 - 一种具有自动反馈调速的电动车变速驱动*** - Google Patents
一种具有自动反馈调速的电动车变速驱动*** Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021248514A1 WO2021248514A1 PCT/CN2020/096416 CN2020096416W WO2021248514A1 WO 2021248514 A1 WO2021248514 A1 WO 2021248514A1 CN 2020096416 W CN2020096416 W CN 2020096416W WO 2021248514 A1 WO2021248514 A1 WO 2021248514A1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
- F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
- F16H3/087—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the field of electric vehicles, and in particular relates to an electric vehicle variable speed drive system with automatic feedback speed regulation. .
- An electric car is a car driven by electricity and using electricity as an energy source.
- electric vehicles As a means of transportation, electric vehicles have the advantages of being environmentally friendly and low dependence on oil. They are receiving more and more attention in today's society that advocates energy conservation.
- the Chinese patent document discloses a two-speed manual transmission drive system for electric vehicles [Patent Application No.: [CN201220355333.2], including a transmission and a motor.
- the transmission includes a power input shaft, a power output shaft, a fast drive gear, and a fast gear.
- the driven gear, the slow driving gear and the slow driven gear are located between the fast driven gear and the slow driven gear in a way that can be axially slid in the circumferential direction and are sheathed on the power output shaft with a gear coupling .
- the manual transmission is more tiring than urban driving; it has more shortcomings such as the addition of the clutch and the increase of the point of failure.
- the purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and provide a variable speed drive system for an electric vehicle with automatic feedback speed regulation.
- An electric vehicle variable speed drive system with automatic feedback speed regulation comprising an input shaft, a connecting shaft and an output shaft.
- the input shaft, the connecting shaft and the output shaft are arranged in parallel, and the input shaft and the connecting shaft pass through two Two mutually meshing input gears are meshed and connected, the connecting shaft is provided with a plurality of gear fixed gears sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the connecting shaft, and each gear fixed gear is meshed and connected with a gear movable gear.
- the gear movable gear is rotationally connected with the output shaft, and each gear movable gear corresponds to a gear connecting mechanism provided on the output shaft, and the gear connecting mechanism is connected with the corresponding gear movable gear to drive the output shaft to rotate ,
- Each gear connecting mechanism is connected with a gear adjusting mechanism, which is driven by the gear adjusting mechanism to connect or disconnect the gear connecting mechanism with the corresponding gear movable gear, and the gear adjusting mechanism includes the corresponding gear The push rod connected to the bit connecting mechanism.
- the gear adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment shaft, the center line of the adjustment shaft is perpendicular to the center line of the output shaft, and each push rod The end far away from the gear connecting mechanism is connected with a convex cake arranged on the adjusting shaft, and the push rod can be connected with the adjusting shaft.
- the outer ring of each convex cake is recessed with a ring of sliding groove extending to the adjusting shaft, and the cross section of the sliding groove is arc-shaped ,
- the end of the push rod away from the gear connection mechanism is connected with a sliding ball sliding in the corresponding sliding groove.
- the gear connection mechanism includes a spline shaft arranged on the output shaft, and the spline shaft has a spline and the spline is connected with A spline ring, the spline ring can be sleeved on the corresponding gear movable gear under the drive of the corresponding gear adjustment mechanism and meshingly connected with the gear movable gear, and the outer end surface of the spline ring is also rotatably connected There is a ferrule, and the ferrule is connected with the corresponding push rod.
- the spline ring and the corresponding gear position movable gear have an engagement ring arranged on the gear position movable gear.
- the key ring can be meshed and connected with the corresponding engagement ring.
- the outer ring of the meshing ring is provided with a plurality of straight teeth arranged in sequence at equal intervals, and the straight teeth are close to the end of the corresponding spline ring.
- the part is provided with recessed teeth, and the recessed teeth are pointed, and the pointed end faces the corresponding spline ring.
- a spacing rod is connected between the ferrule and the push rod, and the spacing rod is axially parallel to the adjusting shaft and has several spacings.
- the rod length is different.
- variable speed drive system of an electric vehicle with automatic feedback speed regulation a plurality of spline rings from one end to the other end of the output shaft are sequentially connected with a plurality of spline rings from one end to the other end of the adjustment shaft.
- the spacing between the two adjacent gears is the same, and there is a gap between the spline shaft and the gears on both sides .
- the gear connecting mechanism in the invention is connected with the corresponding gear movable gear to drive the output shaft to rotate.
- Each gear connecting mechanism is connected with a gear adjusting mechanism. Driven by the gear adjusting mechanism, the gear connecting mechanism and The corresponding movable gear is connected or disconnected.
- the gear position adjustment mechanism can automatically adjust the gear position.
- Figure 1 is an overall schematic diagram of the present invention
- Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of another direction of the adjustment shaft
- Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the chute and the sliding ball
- Fig. 4 is a structural diagram of straight teeth and recessed teeth on the meshing ring.
- an electric vehicle variable speed drive system with automatic feedback speed regulation includes an input shaft 10, a connecting shaft 11, and an output shaft 12.
- the input shaft 10, the connecting shaft 11 and the output shaft 12 are parallel
- the input shaft 10 and the connecting shaft 11 are meshed and connected by two mutually meshing input gears 13, and the connecting shaft 11 is provided with a plurality of gear positions arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the connecting shaft 11.
- the gear connecting mechanism 16 is connected with the corresponding gear movable gear 15 to drive the output shaft 12 to rotate.
- Each gear connecting mechanism 16 is connected with a gear adjusting mechanism 17, which is adjusted in the gear
- the mechanism 17 drives and connects or disconnects the gear connecting mechanism 16 with the corresponding gear movable gear 15.
- the gear adjusting mechanism 17 includes a push rod 18 connected with the corresponding gear connecting mechanism 16.
- the input shaft rotates under the work of the rotating motor, and the connecting shaft 11 is driven to rotate by the two mutually meshing input gears 13, because the fixed gear 14 and the movable gear 15 mesh one by one.
- the movable gear 15 is rotatably connected with the output shaft 12.
- the gear adjustment mechanism 17 includes an adjustment shaft 19, the center line of the adjustment shaft 19 is perpendicular to the center line of the output shaft 12, and the end of each push rod 18 away from the gear connection mechanism 16 is connected to The convex cake 20 of the adjustment shaft 19 and the push rod 18 can be connected with the adjustment shaft 19.
- each push rod 18 can be connected with the convex cake 20 and the adjustment shaft 19.
- the gear connecting mechanism 16 is not connected to the corresponding gear movable gear 15
- the push rod 18 slides on the adjustment shaft 19, when When the adjusting shaft 19 rotates to make the push rod 18 slide on the corresponding convex cake 20, the convex cake 20 continues to rotate with the adjusting shaft 19 to push the push rod 18, so that the push rod 18 pushes the gear connecting mechanism 16 and the corresponding gear.
- the movable gear 15 is connected to realize the rotation of the output shaft 12.
- the gear connecting mechanism 16 and the movable gear 15 that are connected are disconnected after the corresponding push rod 18 is connected to the adjusting shaft 19, and When the other push rod 18 is connected to the corresponding convex cake 20, the corresponding gear connecting mechanism 16 is connected with the gear movable gear 15.
- the adjustment shaft 19 is connected to the central processing unit, the gearbox gear signal collector, the motor controller, and the electric vehicle battery management system.
- the central processing unit performs algorithm processing and analysis on the set parameters and operating state parameters through the setting parameters and the motor controller, the electric vehicle battery management system and the operating state parameters of the gearbox, and derives the control instructions according to the preset rules, and sends them to the gearbox and
- the motor controller makes the adjustment shaft 19 rotate accordingly, so as to realize the automatic transmission control of multiple gears.
- a number of convex cakes 20 are arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the adjusting shaft 19; and in the projection of the axial direction of the adjusting shaft 19, a number of convex cakes 20 are successively arranged at equal intervals along the outer ring of the adjusting shaft 19 set up.
- each convex cake 20 is recessed with a ring of sliding groove 21 extending to the adjusting shaft 19, the cross section of the sliding groove 21 is arc-shaped, and the push rod 18 is far away from the gear connecting mechanism 16 A sliding ball 22 sliding in the corresponding sliding groove 21 is connected to the end.
- the push rod 18 is always connected with the convex cake 20 and the adjustment shaft 19 by the sliding ball 22 sliding in the sliding groove 21.
- the gear connecting mechanism 16 includes a spline shaft 23 arranged on the output shaft 12, the spline shaft 23 has a spline and the spline is connected with a spline ring 24, and the spline ring 24 corresponds to Driven by the gear adjustment mechanism 17, it can be sleeved on the corresponding gear movable gear 15 and meshed and connected with the gear movable gear 15.
- the outer end surface of the spline ring 24 is also rotatably connected with a ferrule 25, the The ferrule 25 is connected to the corresponding push rod 18.
- the push rod 18 pushes the gear connecting mechanism 16 to connect with the corresponding gear movable gear 15
- the push rod 18 pushes the spline ring 24 to move toward the corresponding gear movable gear 15
- the movable gear 15 enters into the spline ring 24 and meshes with the spline ring 24.
- the spline ring 24 is also splined with the spline shaft 23, so that the rotating movable gear 15 drives the output shaft. 12 rotation.
- the spline ring 24 and the corresponding movable gear 15 have a meshing ring 26 arranged on the movable gear 15, and the spline ring 24 can be meshed and connected with the corresponding meshing ring 26.
- the movable gear 15 and the fixed gear 14 often use helical gears and mesh, but the helical gears cannot mesh with the splines. Therefore, in the present invention, the spline ring 24 passes through and The meshing ring 26 fixed on the movable gear 15 meshes to create a connection relationship with the movable gear 15.
- the outer ring of the meshing ring 26 is provided with a number of straight teeth 27 arranged in sequence at equal intervals.
- the end of the straight teeth 27 close to the corresponding spline ring 24 is provided with recessed teeth 28.
- the recessed teeth 28 are It is pointed, and the pointed end faces the corresponding spline ring 24.
- the spline teeth on the spline ring 24 are first moved between the two recessed teeth 28. Since the recessed teeth 28 are pointed, The straight spline tooth will first abut the inclined surface of the recessed tooth 28, and the spline tooth will be smoothly meshed with the straight tooth 27 under the guiding action of the inclined surface, and the wear caused by the grinding phenomenon will not occur.
- a spacing rod 29 is connected between the ferrule 25 and the push rod 18, and the spacing rod 29 is axially parallel to the adjusting shaft 19, and several spacing rods 29 have different lengths.
- each push rod 18 is independent of each other and does not affect each other.
- a number of spline rings 24 can be connected to the corresponding gears 15 in turn, so that the gears gradually rise or fall.
- the distance between the two adjacent gears 15 is the same, and there is a gap between the spline shaft 23 and the gears 15 on both sides.
- the working principle of the present invention is: the input shaft rotates under the operation of the rotating motor, and the connecting shaft 11 is driven to rotate through the two mutually meshing input gears 13. Because the fixed gear 14 and the movable gear 15 are meshed and connected one by one, so that When several gears 15 are always rotating, when the adjusting shaft 19 rotates to make the push rod 18 slide on the corresponding convex cake 20, the convex cake 20 continues to rotate with the adjusting shaft 19 to push the push rod 18.
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Abstract
一种具有自动反馈调速的电动车变速驱动***，包括输入轴（10）、连接轴（11）和输出轴（12），输入轴（10）、连接轴（11）和输出轴（12）平行设置，输入轴（10）和连接轴（11）之间通过两个相互啮合的输入齿轮（13）啮合相连，连接轴（11）上设有若干个沿着连接轴（11）轴向依次设置的档位固齿轮（14），每一档位固齿轮（14）啮合连接有档位活齿轮（15），档位活齿轮（15）与输出轴（12）转动连接，且每一档位活齿轮（15）对应一个设置在输出轴（12）上的档位连接机构（16），档位连接机构（16）与对应的档位活齿轮（15）相连从而带动输出轴（12）转动，每一档位连接机构（16）连接有档位调节机构（17），在档位调节机构（17）带动下使档位连接机构（16）与对应的档位活齿轮（15）相连或断开，档位调节机构（17）包括与对应的档位连接机构（17）相连的推杆（18）。
Description
本发明属于电动车领域，尤其涉及一种具有自动反馈调速的电动车变速驱动***。。
电动车是以电力为驱动，以电力为能源的车子。电动车作为一种代步工具，具有对环境友好，对石油依存度低等优点，在提倡节约能源的现今社会越来越受到重视。
由于电动车是以电力为驱动，而每辆电动车的电力装置中的电量是一定的，因此，为了提高可行驶的公里数，在换挡时需要尽可能的减少能源消耗，以及在合适的速度或牵引力的情况下换挡减少能源消耗。但大多结构复杂，空间安装不够紧凑，且换档不够顺畅，档位在切换之间容易出现动力中断的现象，造成车体在行驶过程中的动力性不够延续，提高了电力的消耗，造成了能量的浪费，从而提高了电池成本，并降低了续驶里程，不利于能源的节约，经济性也较差。
因此，需要对现有的电动车的变速驱动***进行改进，使其结构紧凑简单，且换档顺畅。
例如，中国专利文献公开了一种电动车两档手动变速驱动***[专利申请号：[CN201220355333.2]，包括变速器和电机，变速器包括动力输入轴、动力输出轴、快档主动齿轮、快档从动齿轮、慢档主动齿轮和慢档从动齿轮，位于快档从动齿轮和慢档从动齿轮之间以可轴向滑动圆周方向传动的方式外套于动力输出轴设有挂档接合器。相比于自动挡，手动挡具有城市驾驶比较累；多了离合器一个环节，增加了故障点等缺点。
在本发明的目的是针对上述问题，提供一种具有自动反馈调速的电动车变速驱动***。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用了下列技术方案：
一种具有自动反馈调速的电动车变速驱动***，包括输入轴、连接轴和输出轴，所述的输入轴、连接轴和输出轴平行设置，所述的输入轴和连接轴之间通过两个相互啮合的输入齿轮啮合相连，所述的连接轴上设有若干个沿着连接轴轴向依次设置的档位固齿轮，每一档位固齿轮啮合连接有档位活齿轮，所述的档位活齿轮与输出轴转动连接，且每一档位活齿轮对应一个设置在输出轴上的档位连接机构，所述的档位连接机构与对应的档位活齿轮相连从而带动输出轴转动，每一档位连接机构连接有档位调节机构，在档位调节机构带动下使档位连接机构与对应的档位活齿轮相连或断开，所述的档位调节机构包括与对应的档位连接机构相连的推杆。
在上述的一种具有自动反馈调速的电动车变速驱动***中，所述的档位调节机构包括调节轴，所述的调节轴的中心线与输出轴的中心线垂直设置，每一推杆远离档位连接机构的端部连接有设置在调节轴的凸饼，且所述的推杆能与调节轴相连。
在上述的一种具有自动反馈调速的电动车变速驱动***中，在调节轴轴向上，若干个凸饼沿着调节轴轴向依次设置；且在调节轴轴向方向的投影上，若干个凸饼沿着调节轴外圈等间距依次设置。
在上述的一种具有自动反馈调速的电动车变速驱动***中，每一凸饼的外圈上凹陷有一圈延伸至调节轴上的滑槽，所述的滑槽的横截面呈圆弧状，所述的推杆远离档位连接机构的端部连接有滑动于对应滑槽内的滑球。
在上述的一种具有自动反馈调速的电动车变速驱动***中，所述的档位连接机构包括设置在输出轴上的花键轴，所述的花键轴具有花键且花键连接有花键圈，所述的花键圈在对应的档位调节机构带动下能套设在对应的档位活齿轮并与该档位活齿轮啮合连接，所述的花键圈外端面还转动连接有套圈，所述的套圈与对应的推杆相连。
在上述的一种具有自动反馈调速的电动车变速驱动***中，所述的花键圈与对应的档位活齿轮之间具有设置在该档位活齿轮上的啮合圈，所述的花键圈能与对应的啮合圈啮合连接。
在上述的一种具有自动反馈调速的电动车变速驱动***中，所述的啮合圈外圈设有若干个等间距依次设置的直齿，所述的直齿靠近对应的花键圈的端部设有陷入齿，所述的陷入齿呈尖端状，且该尖端朝向对应的花键圈。
在上述的一种具有自动反馈调速的电动车变速驱动***中，所述的套圈与推杆之间连接有间距杆，所述的间距杆与调节轴轴向平行设置，且若干个间距杆长度不同。
在上述的一种具有自动反馈调速的电动车变速驱动***中，从输出轴一端至另一端的若干个花键圈依次与从调节轴一端至另一端的若干个花键圈相连。
在上述的一种具有自动反馈调速的电动车变速驱动***中，每相邻的两个档位活齿轮之间的间距相同，且花键轴与两侧的档位活齿轮之间具有间隙。
与现有的技术相比，本发明的优点在于：
1、该发明中的档位连接机构与对应的档位活齿轮相连从而带动输出轴转动，每一档位连接机构连接有档位调节机构，在档位调节机构带动下使档位连接机构与对应的档位活齿轮相连或断开。档位调节机构能够自动调节档位。
2、在调节轴轴向上，若干个凸饼沿着调节轴轴向依次设置；且在调节轴轴向方向的投影上，若干个凸饼沿着调节轴外圈等间距依次设置。当其中一个凸饼与对应的推杆相连时，其余的推杆均与调节轴相连，保证每次工作或变速只有一个档位活齿轮与对应的档位连接机构相连，且随着调节轴的转动，若干个花键圈依次能与对应的档位活齿轮相连，使档位逐渐上升或下降。
图1是本发明的整体示意图；
图2是调节轴另一个方向的示意图；
图3是滑槽与滑球的连接示意图；
图4是啮合圈上的直齿与陷入齿的结构示意图。
图中：输入轴10、连接轴11、输出轴12、输入齿轮13、档位固齿轮14、档位活齿轮15、档位连接机构16、档位调节机构17、推杆18、调节轴19、凸饼20、滑槽21、滑球22、花键轴23、花键圈24、套圈25、啮合圈26、直齿27、陷入齿28、间距杆29。
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明做进一步详细的说明。
结合图1-4所示，一种具有自动反馈调速的电动车变速驱动***，包括输入轴10、连接轴11和输出轴12，所述的输入轴10、连接轴11和输出轴12平行设置，所述的输入轴10和连接轴11之间通过两个相互啮合的输入齿轮13啮合相连，所述的连接轴11上设有若干个沿着连接轴11轴向依次设置的档位固齿轮14，每一档位固齿轮14啮合连接有档位活齿轮15，所述的档位活齿轮15与输出轴12转动连接，且每一档位活齿轮15对应一个设置在输出轴12上的档位连接机构16，所述的档位连接机构16与对应的档位活齿轮15相连从而带动输出轴12转动，每一档位连接机构16连接有档位调节机构17，在档位调节机构17带动下使档位连接机构16与对应的档位活齿轮15相连或断开，所述的档位调节机构17包括与对应的档位连接机构16相连的推杆18。
在本发明中，变速箱在工作时，输入轴在转动电机工作下转动，通过两个相互啮合的输入齿轮13带动连接轴11转动，由于档位固齿轮14与档位活齿轮15一一啮合连接，从而使若干个档位活齿轮15始终处于转动状态下，且档位活齿轮15与输出轴12转动连接，在档位连接机构16未于对应的档位活齿轮15相连时，输出轴12不发生转动，其中一个档位连接机构16在推杆18的推动作用下与对应的档位活齿轮15相连时，从而带动输出轴12跟随该档位活齿轮15转动，且每次工作或变速只有一个档位活齿轮15与对应的档位连接机构16相连。
所述的档位调节机构17包括调节轴19，所述的调节轴19的中心线与输出轴12的中心线垂直设置，每一推杆18远离档位连接机构16的端部连接有设置在调节轴19的凸饼20，且所述的推杆18能与调节轴19相连。
在本发明中，每一推杆18可与凸饼20和调节轴19相连，在档位连接机构16未于对应的档位活齿轮15相连时，推杆18滑动在调节轴19上，当调节轴19转动使推杆18滑动在对应的凸饼20上时，凸饼20随着调节轴19继续转动从而能够推动推杆18，从而使推杆18推动档位连接机构16与对应的档位活齿轮15相连，从而实现输出轴12的转动，在变速过程中，将正相连的档位连接机构16和档位活齿轮15在对应的推杆18与调节轴19连接后脱离连接，并使另一个推杆18在与对应的凸饼20连接时使对应的档位连接机构16和档位活齿轮15相连。
此外，调节轴19连接中央处理器，变速箱档位信号采集器，电机控制器，电动车电池管理***。中央处理器通过设置参数和电机控制器、电动车电池管理***以及变速箱的运行状态参数，对设置参数和运行状态参数进行算法处理分析、按照预设规则得出控制指令，发送至变速箱及电机控制器，使调节轴19相应转动，从而实现多档位的自动变速控制。
在调节轴19轴向上，若干个凸饼20沿着调节轴19轴向依次设置；且在调节轴19轴向方向的投影上，若干个凸饼20沿着调节轴19外圈等间距依次设置。
在本发明中，当其中一个凸饼20与对应的推杆18相连时，其余的推杆18均与调节轴19相连，保证每次工作或变速只有一个档位活齿轮15与对应的档位连接机构16相连。
每一凸饼20的外圈上凹陷有一圈延伸至调节轴19上的滑槽21，所述的滑槽21的横截面呈圆弧状，所述的推杆18远离档位连接机构16的端部连接有滑动于对应滑槽21内的滑球22。
在本发明中，推杆18通过滑球22滑动于滑槽21内的方式始终与凸饼20和调节轴19连接。
所述的档位连接机构16包括设置在输出轴12上的花键轴23，所述的花键轴23具有花键且花键连接有花键圈24，所述的花键圈24在对应的档位调节机构17带动下能套设在对应的档位活齿轮15并与该档位活齿轮15啮合连接，所述的花键圈24外端面还转动连接有套圈25，所述的套圈25与对应的推杆18相连。
在本发明中，在推杆18推动档位连接机构16与对应的档位活齿轮15相连的过程中，推杆18推动花键圈24朝着靠近对应的档位活齿轮15方向移动，并最终使档位活齿轮15进入花键圈24内并与花键圈24啮合连接，此时花键圈24还与花键轴23花键连接，从而使转动的档位活齿轮15带动输出轴12转动。
所述的花键圈24与对应的档位活齿轮15之间具有设置在该档位活齿轮15上的啮合圈26，所述的花键圈24能与对应的啮合圈26啮合连接。
为了提高传动效率以及减少齿轮的磨损，往往档位活齿轮15和档位固齿轮14采用斜齿轮并进行啮合，而斜齿轮无法与花键啮合，因此在本发明中，花键圈24通过与固定在档位活齿轮15上的啮合圈26啮合从而产生与档位活齿轮15的连接关系。
所述的啮合圈26外圈设有若干个等间距依次设置的直齿27，所述的直齿27靠近对应的花键圈24的端部设有陷入齿28，所述的陷入齿28呈尖端状，且该尖端朝向对应的花键圈24。
在本发明中，在花键圈24移动并与啮合圈26啮合的过程中，使花键圈24上的花键齿先移动至两个陷入齿28之间，由于陷入齿28呈尖端状，直花键齿会先与陷入齿28的斜面相抵，在斜面的导向作用下使花键齿顺利的与直齿27产生啮合连接，不会产生磨齿现象导致的磨损。
所述的套圈25与推杆18之间连接有间距杆29，所述的间距杆29与调节轴19轴向平行设置，且若干个间距杆29长度不同。
在本发明中，每个推杆18是相互独立互不影响的。
从输出轴12一端至另一端的若干个花键圈24依次与从调节轴19一端至另一端的若干个花键圈24相连。
在本发明中，随着调节轴19的转动，若干个花键圈24依次能与对应的档位活齿轮15相连，使档位逐渐上升或下降。
每相邻的两个档位活齿轮15之间的间距相同，且花键轴23与两侧的档位活齿轮15之间具有间隙。
本发明的工作原理为：输入轴在转动电机工作下转动，通过两个相互啮合的输入齿轮13带动连接轴11转动，由于档位固齿轮14与档位活齿轮15一一啮合连接，从而使若干个档位活齿轮15始终处于转动状态下，调节轴19转动使推杆18滑动在对应的凸饼20上时，凸饼20随着调节轴19继续转动从而能够推动推杆18，推杆18推动花键圈24朝着靠近对应的档位活齿轮15方向移动，并最终使档位活齿轮15进入花键圈24内并与花键圈24啮合连接，此时花键圈24还与花键轴23花键连接，从而使转动的档位活齿轮15带动输出轴12转动，随着调节轴19的转动，若干个花键圈24依次能与对应的档位活齿轮15相连，使档位逐渐上升或下降。
本文中所描述的具体实施例仅仅是对本发明精神作举例说明。本发明所属技术领域的技术人员可以对所描述的具体实施例做各种各样的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代，但并不会偏离本发明的精神或者超越所附权利要求书所定义的范围。
尽管本文较多地使用了输入轴10、连接轴11、输出轴12、输入齿轮13、档位固齿轮14、档位活齿轮15、档位连接机构16、档位调节机构17、推杆18、调节轴19、凸饼20、滑槽21、滑球22、花键轴23、花键圈24、套圈25、啮合圈26、直齿27、陷入齿28、间距杆29等术语，但并不排除使用其它术语的可能性。使用这些术语仅仅是为了更方便地描述和解释本发明的本质；把它们解释成任何一种附加的限制都是与本发明精神相违背的。
Claims (10)
- 一种具有自动反馈调速的电动车变速驱动***，包括输入轴（10）、连接轴（11）和输出轴（12），所述的输入轴（10）、连接轴（11）和输出轴（12）平行设置，所述的输入轴（10）和连接轴（11）之间通过两个相互啮合的输入齿轮（13）啮合相连，其特征在于，所述的连接轴（11）上设有若干个沿着连接轴（11）轴向依次设置的档位固齿轮（14），每一档位固齿轮（14）啮合连接有档位活齿轮（15），所述的档位活齿轮（15）与输出轴（12）转动连接，且每一档位活齿轮（15）对应一个设置在输出轴（12）上的档位连接机构（16），所述的档位连接机构（16）与对应的档位活齿轮（15）相连从而带动输出轴（12）转动，每一档位连接机构（16）连接有档位调节机构（17），在档位调节机构（17）带动下使档位连接机构（16）与对应的档位活齿轮（15）相连或断开，所述的档位调节机构（17）包括与对应的档位连接机构（16）相连的推杆（18）。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种具有自动反馈调速的电动车变速驱动***，其特征在于，所述的档位调节机构（17）包括调节轴（19），所述的调节轴（19）的中心线与输出轴（12）的中心线垂直设置，每一推杆（18）远离档位连接机构（16）的端部连接有设置在调节轴（19）的凸饼（20），且所述的推杆（18）能与调节轴（19）相连。
- 根据权利要求2所述的一种具有自动反馈调速的电动车变速驱动***，其特征在于，在调节轴（19）轴向上，若干个凸饼（20）沿着调节轴（19）轴向依次设置；且在调节轴（19）轴向方向的投影上，若干个凸饼（20）沿着调节轴（19）外圈等间距依次设置。
- 根据权利要求2所述的一种具有自动反馈调速的电动车变速驱动***，其特征在于，每一凸饼（20）的外圈上凹陷有一圈延伸至调节轴（19）上的滑槽（21），所述的滑槽（21）的横截面呈圆弧状，所述的推杆（18）远离档位连接机构（16）的端部连接有滑动于对应滑槽（21）内的滑球（22）。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种具有自动反馈调速的电动车变速驱动***，其特征在于，所述的档位连接机构（16）包括设置在输出轴（12）上的花键轴（23），所述的花键轴（23）具有花键且花键连接有花键圈（24），所述的花键圈（24）在对应的档位调节机构（17）带动下能套设在对应的档位活齿轮（15）并与该档位活齿轮（15）啮合连接，所述的花键圈（24）外端面还转动连接有套圈（25），所述的套圈（25）与对应的推杆（18）相连。
- 根据权利要求5所述的一种具有自动反馈调速的电动车变速驱动***，其特征在于，所述的花键圈（24）与对应的档位活齿轮（15）之间具有设置在该档位活齿轮（15）上的啮合圈（26），所述的花键圈（24）能与对应的啮合圈（26）啮合连接。
- 根据权利要求6所述的一种具有自动反馈调速的电动车变速驱动***，其特征在于，所述的啮合圈（26）外圈设有若干个等间距依次设置的直齿（27），所述的直齿（27）靠近对应的花键圈（24）的端部设有陷入齿（28），所述的陷入齿（28）呈尖端状，且该尖端朝向对应的花键圈（24）。
- 根据权利要求5所述的一种具有自动反馈调速的电动车变速驱动***，其特征在于，所述的套圈（25）与推杆（18）之间连接有间距杆（29），所述的间距杆（29）与调节轴（19）轴向平行设置，且若干个间距杆（29）长度不同。
- 根据权利要求5所述的一种具有自动反馈调速的电动车变速驱动***，其特征在于，从输出轴（12）一端至另一端的若干个花键圈（24）依次与从调节轴（19）一端至另一端的若干个花键圈（24）相连。
- 根据权利要求5所述的一种具有自动反馈调速的电动车变速驱动***，其特征在于，每相邻的两个档位活齿轮（15）之间的间距相同，且花键轴（23）与两侧的档位活齿轮（15）之间具有间隙。
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