WO2021238860A1 - 电池包、车辆以及储能装置 - Google Patents
电池包、车辆以及储能装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021238860A1 WO2021238860A1 PCT/CN2021/095500 CN2021095500W WO2021238860A1 WO 2021238860 A1 WO2021238860 A1 WO 2021238860A1 CN 2021095500 W CN2021095500 W CN 2021095500W WO 2021238860 A1 WO2021238860 A1 WO 2021238860A1
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- Prior art keywords
- battery
- thickness
- gap
- battery pack
- batteries
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Classifications
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- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
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- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
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- H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
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- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
- H01M50/509—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the type of connection, e.g. mixed connections
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- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
Definitions
- This application belongs to the field of batteries, and in particular relates to a battery pack, a vehicle, and an energy storage device.
- the purpose of the present application is to provide a battery pack, which can alleviate the expansion of the battery and prolong the cycle life of the battery, as well as make full use of the arrangement space of the battery pack.
- a battery pack in the first aspect of the present application, includes at least one battery sequence, the battery sequence includes a plurality of batteries; the thickness of the battery extends in a first direction, A plurality of the batteries are arranged in sequence along the first direction to form the battery sequence; at least one of the batteries includes a casing and a pole core encapsulated in the casing, and there is a gap between at least two adjacent batteries, The ratio of the gap to the thickness of the battery is c, and c satisfies the following relationship:
- c/a 0.01-0.5, where a represents the expansion rate of the battery.
- the gap between two adjacent batteries refers to the distance between two adjacent batteries in the same battery sequence.
- a represents the expansion rate of the battery in the first direction.
- a (thickness after battery expansion-thickness before battery expansion)/thickness before battery expansion ⁇ 100%.
- the thickness of the battery before expansion is the initial thickness of the battery before use, and the thickness of the battery after expansion is measured when the capacity of the battery decays to less than 80% of the initial capacity thickness.
- the housing includes a housing body having an opening and a cover plate, the cover plate and the opening of the housing body are hermetically connected to form a sealed containing chamber together, and the pole core Located in the containing chamber;
- the thickness of the battery before expansion is the size of the cover plate along the first direction
- the expanded thickness of the battery is the minimum value of the distance between two parallel planes that virtually clamp the battery in the first direction.
- the gap between two adjacent batteries is the gap between two adjacent batteries during operation or after operation or before use; the thickness of the battery is the initial value of the battery before use. thickness.
- the housing includes a housing body having an opening and a cover plate, the cover plate and the opening of the housing body are hermetically connected to form a sealed containing chamber together, and the pole core Located in the containing chamber;
- the gap between the two adjacent batteries includes a first gap, the first gap being the smallest distance between the two cover plates on the same side of the two adjacent batteries, and the thickness of the battery is The size of the cover plate along the first direction.
- the housing includes a housing body having an opening and a cover plate, the cover plate and the opening of the housing body are hermetically connected to form a sealed containing chamber together, and the pole core Located in the containing chamber;
- the housing has two opposite first surfaces along the first direction;
- the gap between the two adjacent batteries includes a second gap, and the second gap is the smallest distance between two first surfaces of the two adjacent batteries facing each other;
- the thickness of the battery is the size of the cover plate along the first direction.
- the second gap of the battery before use is greater than the second gap after use of the battery.
- the value of a ranges from 5.8% to 17.5%.
- the length of the battery extends in a second direction, and the length of the battery is 400-2500 mm; the second direction is different from the first direction.
- the pole cores packaged in the housing include a plurality of pole cores, and the plurality of pole cores are divided into a plurality of pole core groups, and the pole core groups are connected in series.
- multiple pole cores in the same pole core group are connected in parallel.
- each of the pole core groups is sheathed with an encapsulation film, and a plurality of the pole core groups are connected in series.
- an encapsulation film is further provided between the housing and the pole core, and the pole core is encapsulated in the encapsulation film.
- n when testing the expanded thickness of the battery, calculate the average thickness of the battery, randomly select n points on the shell body of the battery at a certain interval, and measure n points respectively.
- a vehicle including the above-mentioned battery pack.
- an energy storage device including the above-mentioned battery pack.
- the beneficial effect obtained in this application is: in order to reserve a buffer space for battery expansion, this application takes into account the influence of factors such as the expansion rate of the battery when a certain gap is reserved between adjacent batteries. , And make a reasonable and specific design for the influence of the above-mentioned multiple factors, thus, the design of the gap between the batteries will be more scientific and reasonable.
- the gap between the batteries will not be set too large, wasting the space of the battery pack, and the gap between the batteries will not be set too small, which will not play a buffering effect, so as to improve the life of the battery pack while taking into account the battery.
- the space utilization of the package in order to reserve a buffer space for battery expansion, this application takes into account the influence of factors such as the expansion rate of the battery when a certain gap is reserved between adjacent batteries.
- FIG 1 is the battery pack provided by this application.
- FIG. 2 is the battery sequence provided by this application.
- FIG. 3 is the battery provided by this application.
- Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the battery provided by the present application.
- Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the vehicle and battery pack provided by the present application.
- Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the battery pack provided in the present application arranged in the energy storage device.
- the present application provides a battery pack 200, the battery pack 200 includes at least one battery sequence 201, the battery sequence 201 includes a plurality of batteries 100; the thickness of the battery 100 extends along the first direction A, and the plurality of batteries 100 extend along the first direction A are arranged in sequence to form a battery sequence 201; at least one battery pack 200 includes a casing 101 and a pole core 102 encapsulated in the casing 101, and there is a gap between at least two adjacent batteries 100, which is the same as the thickness of the battery 100
- the battery pack 200 may include one or more battery sequences 201.
- the battery packs 200 are formed in series between the multiple battery sequences 201, and each battery sequence 201 includes two Or two or more batteries 100.
- the number of batteries 100 and the number of battery sequences 201 can be set according to actual needs, which is not limited in this application.
- the thickness of the battery 100 extends along the first direction A, and several batteries 100 are arranged in sequence along the first direction A. It can be understood that in at least one battery sequence 201, a plurality of batteries 100 are arranged along the thickness direction, and the batteries 100 face each other in the thickness direction.
- the two surfaces of the battery 100 have the largest area, and the batteries 100 are arranged in the thickness direction. In other words, the batteries 100 are arranged in a large-to-large-surface manner. Since the surface with a larger area is more prone to swelling, there is a reserve between the batteries 100 A certain gap can reserve a buffer space for the expansion of the battery 100.
- the gap can also serve as a heat dissipation channel, such as an air duct. Or the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery module, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery pack 200.
- the reserved gap between two adjacent batteries 100 can be understood as no structure is provided between the batteries 100, and a certain space is simply reserved. It can also be understood that other structures are provided between two adjacent batteries 100. The structure separates the battery 100 from the battery 100 by the structure.
- the gap between the batteries 100 should be understood as the distance between the batteries 100 on both sides of the structural member, and the difference between the structural member and the battery 100 cannot be understood. The spacing between.
- a certain gap can be reserved between the structural member and the battery 100 on both sides of the structural member and it can be directly contacted.
- the structural member should have a certain degree of flexibility. , Which can buffer the expansion of the battery 100.
- the structural member includes but is not limited to aerogel, thermally conductive structural glue or thermal insulation cotton, etc.
- the gap between two adjacent batteries 100 should refer to the distance between two adjacent batteries 100 in the same battery sequence 201, rather than different The distance between two adjacent batteries 100 in two battery sequences 201.
- the gap between two adjacent batteries 100 in different battery sequences 201 can also be set with reference to the above-mentioned relational expression, which is not limited in this application.
- a certain gap may be reserved between every two adjacent batteries 100, or a certain gap may be reserved between part of two adjacent batteries 100.
- the gap between two adjacent batteries 100 will change as the working time of the battery 100 increases, but whether it is in operation or after operation or before the battery 100 leaves the factory, the two adjacent batteries 100 As long as the gaps satisfy the above-mentioned relationship, the technical solutions fall within the protection scope of this application.
- the battery 100 may be an all-solid battery or a gel polymer battery, or a liquid battery, a soft pack battery, or a square battery.
- the electrode core 102 includes a positive electrode sheet, a solid electrolyte layer, and a negative electrode in turn.
- the swelling of the battery 100 is related to the thickness of the battery 100.
- the swelling performance of the battery 100 of different electrochemical systems is different.
- the expansion rate a of the battery 100 characterizes the expansion performance of the battery 100. The larger the parameter a, the poorer the expansion performance of the battery 100 (prone to expansion), the smaller the parameter a, the better the expansion performance of the battery 100 (not easy to expand).
- the swelling performance a of the battery 100 directly affects the life of the battery 100. Therefore, the swelling performance of the battery 100 should be fully considered when setting the gap between two adjacent batteries 100.
- the moderate squeezing between two adjacent batteries 100 has a shaping effect on the interface within the battery 100, which can ensure that the positive electrode sheet, the separator and the negative electrode sheet are closely attached to each other and reduce the mass transfer resistance of lithium ions.
- Improve the transfer rate of lithium ions promote the internal dynamics of the battery 100, and extend the life of the battery 100.
- the parameter t characterizes the promotion of the expansion stress of the battery 100 on the life of the battery 100.
- the inventors of the present application have found through many experiments that when c/a is less than 0.01, the gap reserved between the battery cells cannot meet the need for free expansion of the battery 100, which is likely to cause excessive squeezing of the battery 100, making the battery 100 casing 101 Uneven force, resulting in analysis, battery 100 diving and other phenomena.
- the gap reserved between the cells is too large, which not only wastes the space inside the battery pack 200/module, reduces the grouping rate, but also causes the battery 100 to expand due to swelling during long-term use. It is easy to produce gaps between the pole pieces within 100. If there is no squeezing force from adjacent batteries 100, the performance of the battery 100 will also be affected.
- the inventor of the present application comprehensively considered the above factors and found through many experiments that when the gap between two adjacent batteries 100 and the thickness ratio c of the battery 100 are limited to the above range, the space reserved between the batteries 100
- the gap can meet the need for free expansion of the battery 100, avoid excessive squeezing of adjacent batteries 100, resulting in uneven force on the outer casing 101 of the battery 100, causing phenomena such as lithium precipitation and battery diving, and improving the cycle life of the battery 100. Avoid excessively large gaps between the batteries 100, waste the layout space of the batteries 100, and reduce the volume utilization of the battery pack 200.
- the setting of the gap can also provide a moderate squeeze between adjacent batteries 100
- the space ensures that the internal interface of the pole core 102 fits more closely, improves the lithium ion mass transfer capacity of the battery 100, and improves the overall performance of the battery 100.
- the volume of the battery 100 will simultaneously expand in various directions such as the length, width, and thickness of the battery 100.
- the expansion rate and compression rate of the battery 100 and the electrode core 102 in each direction are different, but for the battery 100 and pole core 102, whether it is the expansion rate or compression rate in the length direction, or the expansion rate or compression rate in the thickness direction, or the expansion rate or compression rate in the width direction, as long as they satisfy the relational expression provided in this application, both It falls within the scope of protection of this application.
- a represents the expansion rate of the battery 100 in the thickness direction; correspondingly, b represents Is the expansion rate of the pole core 102 in the thickness direction.
- the calculation formula for the expansion rate of the battery 100 in the thickness direction :
- a (the thickness of the battery after expansion-the thickness of the battery before expansion)/the thickness of the battery before expansion ⁇ 100%;
- c the gap between two adjacent batteries/the initial thickness of the battery before use.
- the thickness of the battery 100 before expansion can be understood as the initial thickness of the battery 100 before use, and the thickness of the battery 100 after expansion can be understood as the thickness of the battery 100 after use.
- Before use can be understood as the battery 100 is ready to leave the factory after the assembly is completed or before it has been delivered but has not yet begun to provide power to the outside”; “after use” can be understood as the battery 100 provides power to the outside.
- the battery pack 200 is assembled In an electric vehicle, the state before use can be understood as the state of a new car; the state after use should be the state after the car has traveled for a certain mileage.
- the thickness of the battery 100 after expansion is the thickness at which the capacity of the battery 100 decays to less than 80% of the initial capacity of the battery 100.
- the battery 100 is in the battery 100.
- the charging capacity is the weakest at this time, especially the expansion force has the greatest influence on it.
- the expanded thickness of the battery 100 of the present application is preferably the measured thickness at which the capacity of the battery 100 decays to less than 80% of the initial capacity.
- the housing 101 includes a housing body 1012 having an opening and a cover plate 1011, and the cover plate 1011 is respectively sealed and connected with the opening of the housing body 1012 to jointly enclose a sealed containing chamber, and the pole core 102 is located In the containment chamber.
- the shell body 1012 may only have one opening at one end, and there is only one corresponding cover plate 1011, and the shell body 1012 may also be opened at both ends, and there are two corresponding cover plates 1011.
- the cover plate 1011 due to the higher strength of the cover plate 1011, it is less prone to swelling than the case body 1012. Even if the battery 100 has been operated for a period of time, a chemical reaction occurs inside, and the cover plate 1011 can expand. Negligible, so the initial thickness of the battery 100 before expansion or the initial thickness of the battery 100 before use can be calculated approximately equal to the size of the cover plate 1011 along the first direction A, that is, the size of the cover plate 1011 along the thickness direction of the battery 100 is approximately Equal to the thickness of the battery 100.
- the two opposite surfaces in the thickness direction of the battery 100 swell more obviously, and the closer to the center of the surface, the more the battery 100 swells. At this time, the thickness of each point of the battery 100 is different. Too consistent.
- the following two test methods can be used:
- n the smaller the error of the calculated result, preferably, n ⁇ 5.
- the expanded thickness of the battery 100 can be understood as the minimum value of the distance between the two parallel planes that virtually clamp the battery 100 along the first direction A. In other words, measure the two opposite surfaces of the battery 100 in the thickness direction. The maximum distance, or the thickness of a point where the battery 100 expands most obviously, is approximately equal to the thickness of the battery 100 after expansion.
- the two flat surfaces can be used to clamp the two surfaces of the battery 100 in the first direction A respectively, keeping the two plates parallel to each other, and the distance between the two plates is recorded as the battery 100 Thickness after expansion.
- “Clamping” should be understood that the plate body has just been attached to the surface of the battery 100 shell body 1012, and the plate body does not exert a force on the shell body 1012, that is, the plate body and the shell body 1012 are not mutually squeezed. Pressure.
- the active material layer on the positive electrode sheet or the negative electrode sheet expands and contracts during charging and discharging. Therefore, the active material from the active material layer may peel off and fall off, which may cause internal short circuits.
- the expansion and contraction of the above-mentioned active material layer will also cause the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet to be not closely attached to the separator, which affects the mass transfer of lithium ions, increases the internal resistance of the battery 100, and causes the cycle characteristics of the battery 100 to deteriorate. .
- a certain degree of squeezing of the battery 100 can prevent further expansion of the active material layer, so that the positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet and the separator are still tightly attached under the condition of expansion, and will not affect The mass transfer capability of lithium ions is beneficial to the improvement of the cycle performance of the battery 100.
- the gap between adjacent batteries 100 is not as large as possible. Larger gaps are not only not conducive to the increase of the energy density of the battery pack 200, but also cause the cycle performance of the battery 100 to further deteriorate. When setting the gap between adjacent batteries 100, proper consideration of the mutual compression of adjacent batteries 100 is obviously beneficial to the battery 100's cycle performance.
- the housing 101 includes a housing body 1012 with an opening and a cover plate 1011.
- the cover plates 1011 are respectively connected to the two end openings of the housing body 1012 in a sealed manner to jointly enclose a sealed receiving chamber.
- 102 is located in the containing chamber.
- the gap between two batteries 100 includes a first gap.
- the first gap is the smallest distance between two cover plates 1011 on the same side of two adjacent batteries 100.
- the thickness of the battery 100 is such that the cover plate 1011 extends along the first gap. A dimension in one direction.
- the cover plate 1011 due to the higher strength of the cover plate 1011, it is less prone to swelling than the case body 1012. Even if the battery 100 has been working for a period of time, a chemical reaction occurs internally, and the battery 100 swells and may squeeze. For adjacent batteries 100, the first gap will change (such as gradually increasing), but the change is small and can be ignored, or even if it changes, the ratio of the first gap to the thickness of the battery 100 still satisfies the above relational expression.
- the two ends of the casing body 1012 are respectively provided with cover plates 1011, and when the batteries 100 are arranged in the battery sequence 201 along the thickness direction, the gap between the two batteries 100 refers to the two cover plates located at the same end of the battery sequence 201 The minimum distance between 1011, rather than the distance between two cover plates 1011 at different ends of the battery 100.
- the housing 101 has two opposite first surfaces along the first direction A, the gap between two adjacent batteries 100 includes a second gap, and the second gap is two adjacent batteries.
- the minimum distance between the two first surfaces of the housing 101 facing each other; the thickness of the battery 100 is the size of the cover plate 1011 along the first direction A.
- the second gap of the battery 100 before use is greater than the second gap of the battery 100 after use.
- Before use can be understood as the battery 100 is ready to leave the factory after the assembly is completed or before it has been shipped but before it starts to provide power to the outside”; “after use” can be understood as the battery 100 after the battery 100 provides power to the outside.
- the battery is assembled into a battery
- the package 200 is assembled in an electric vehicle, and the state before use can be understood as the state of a new car; the state after use should be the state after the car has traveled for a certain mileage.
- the second gap should refer to the smallest distance between the two first surfaces of two adjacent batteries 100 opposite to each other.
- the distance will gradually decrease with the increase in the use time of the battery 100, mainly This is because after the battery 100 expands, the distance between two adjacent large surfaces will gradually decrease.
- the value range is 5.8%-17.5%, and it is difficult for a ⁇ 5.8% to happen. This is determined by the continuous thickening of the negative SEI film of the lithium battery, and the case a>17.5% is based on Existing test data is also rare.
- the length of the battery extends along the second direction B, the length of the battery 100 is 400-2500 mm, further, the length of the battery 100 is 600-1000 mm, and further, the length of the battery 100 is 1000 mm -2000mm. Furthermore, the length of the battery 100 is 1300mm-2200mm.
- the battery 100 it is more suitable for the battery 100 with a length greater than 400mm.
- the battery 100 swells, resulting in contact between the casings 101 of two adjacent batteries 100, the contacted part will exert pressure on the inside of the battery 100 towards the electrode core 102.
- the pressure distribution is not uniform, and the uneven pressure distribution can easily cause the battery 100 to release lithium, thereby causing safety problems or diving in the battery 100.
- the pole core 102 encapsulated in the housing 101 includes a plurality of pole cores 102, and the plurality of pole cores 102 are divided into a plurality of pole core 102 groups, and the pole cores 102 are connected in series.
- a plurality of pole cores 102 groups are connected in series in the casing 101, and each pole core 102 group includes at least one pole core 102.
- each pole core 102 group includes at least one pole core 102.
- a plurality of pole cores 102 groups are arranged inside the casing 101.
- This embodiment can also greatly reduce the internal resistance of the battery 100 to avoid overheating of the battery 100 under high power output, fast charging, etc. And so on. At the same time, the capacity of the battery 100 can be increased, and the manufacturing cost of the battery 100 can be saved.
- an encapsulation film is further provided between the housing 101 and the pole core 102, and the pole core 102 is encapsulated in the encapsulation film.
- the pole core 102 is encapsulated in the packaging film first, and then the casing 101 is provided on the packaging film, thereby realizing the secondary packaging of the pole core 102 and improving the sealing performance of the battery 100. It is understandable that electrolyte is also injected into the packaging film. Therefore, through the above method, contact between the electrolyte and the housing 101 can also be avoided, and the corrosion of the housing 101 or the decomposition of the electrolyte can be avoided.
- the packaging film can be integrated, multiple pole cores 102 are packaged in the same packaging film, the pole cores 102 are divided into several pole core 102 groups, and each pole core 102 group includes at least one pole core 102.
- a plurality of pole cores 102 in a pole core 102 group are connected in parallel, and the pole cores 102 are connected in series, thereby increasing the capacity of the battery 100 and reducing the manufacturing cost.
- the encapsulation film may also contain multiple encapsulation films.
- the pole core 102 group contains at least one pole core 102, and each encapsulation film is packaged with a pole core 102 group to form a pole core 102 assembly, and the pole core 102 assemblies are connected in series.
- the packaging films of multiple pole cores 102 groups are independent of each other, and the number of packaging films corresponds to the number of pole cores 102 groups one-to-one.
- Each pole core 102 group is individually packaged in a packaging film.
- an encapsulation film can be separately sleeved outside each pole core 102 group, and then the pole core 102 components are connected in series.
- the material of the packaging film may include polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), or a multilayer composite film.
- the packaging film when the packaging film is a multilayer composite film, the packaging film may include a laminated non-metallic outer layer film and a non-metallic inner layer film.
- the inner layer film is wrapped around the outer periphery of the pole core 102, and the outer layer film is wrapped on the non-metal inner layer film, that is, the inner layer film is located between the outer layer film and the pole core 102.
- the inner film has good chemical stability.
- materials with anti-corrosion properties of the electrolyte can be used, such as polypropylene PP, polyethylene PE or polyethylene terephthalate PET, or it can be among the above materials A variety of combinations.
- the outer film is a protective layer.
- the outer film can prevent the penetration of air, especially water vapor, oxygen, etc., and its material can be polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide or polypropylene, or multiple of the above materials. combination.
- the melting point of the outer film is greater than the melting point of the inner film, so that the outer film will not be melted during hot-melt sealing, and the inner film can be melted in time to ensure excellent sealing performance.
- the melting point difference between the outer layer film and the inner layer film can be between 30-80°, for example, the melting point difference between the two can be 50° or 70°, etc. The specific material selection can be determined according to actual needs.
- the non-metallic outer layer film and the non-metallic inner layer film are bonded and compounded with an adhesive.
- the specific adhesive can be selected according to the properties of the non-metallic outer layer film and the non-metallic inner layer film. For example, a composite of PP and PET film is used. Due to the poor compatibility of the two, it is easy to delaminate. Polyolefin adhesives are preferred. The adhesive is bonded to form a composite film.
- the packaging film may be an aluminum-plastic composite film.
- the battery 100 can be a soft-pack battery.
- the casing 101 can be an aluminum-plastic film, and the battery 100 can also be a hard-shell battery.
- the casing 101 is a metal casing, which includes but is not limited to Aluminum shell or steel shell.
- a battery module includes at least one battery sequence 201, the battery sequence 201 includes a plurality of batteries 100; the thickness of the battery 100 along the first direction A Extending, a number of the batteries 100 are arranged in sequence along the first direction A to form the battery sequence 201; at least one of the battery packs 200 includes a casing 101 and a pole core 102 enclosed in the casing 101, at least two There is a gap between two adjacent batteries 100, and the ratio of the gap to the thickness of the battery 100 is c, and c satisfies the following relationship:
- c/a 0.01-0.5, where a represents the expansion rate of the battery 100.
- a represents the expansion rate of the battery 100 in the first direction A.
- a (the thickness of the battery 100 after expansion-the thickness of the battery 100 before expansion)/the thickness of the battery 100 before expansion ⁇ 100%.
- the thickness of the battery 100 before expansion is the initial thickness of the battery 100 before use, and the thickness of the battery 100 after expansion is such that the capacity of the battery 100 is reduced to 80% of the initial capacity The thickness measured below.
- the housing 101 includes a housing body 1012 having an opening and a cover plate 1011, and the cover plate 1011 and the opening of the housing body 1012 are hermetically connected to jointly enclose a sealed accommodating chamber ,
- the pole core 102 is located in the containing chamber;
- the thickness of the battery 100 before expansion is the size of the cover plate 1011 along the first direction A;
- the expanded thickness of the battery 100 is the minimum value of the distance between two parallel planes that virtually clamp the battery 100 along the first direction A.
- the gap between the two adjacent batteries 100 is the gap between the two adjacent batteries 100 before use; the thickness of the battery 100 is the initial thickness of the battery 100 before use.
- the housing 101 includes a housing body 1012 having an opening and a cover plate 1011, and the cover plate 1011 and the opening of the housing body 1012 are hermetically connected to jointly enclose a sealed accommodating chamber ,
- the pole core 102 is located in the containing chamber;
- the gap between the two adjacent batteries 100 includes a first gap, and the first gap is the smallest distance between the two cover plates 1011 on the same side of the two adjacent batteries 100.
- the battery 100 The thickness of is the size of the cover plate 1011 along the first direction A.
- the housing 101 has two opposite first surfaces along the first direction A;
- the gap between the two adjacent batteries 100 includes a second gap, and the second gap is the minimum distance between the two first surfaces of the housing 101 of the two adjacent batteries 100 facing each other.
- the thickness of the battery 100 is the size of the cover plate 1011 along the first direction A.
- the second gap of the battery 100 before use is larger than the second gap of the battery 100 after use.
- the value of a ranges from 5.8% to 17.5%.
- the length of the battery 100 extends along the second direction B, and the length of the battery 100 is 400-2500 mm; the second direction B is different from the first direction A.
- the pole core 102 packaged in the casing 101 includes a plurality of pole cores 102, and the plurality of pole cores 102 are divided into a plurality of pole core 102 groups, and the pole cores 102 are connected in series.
- an encapsulation film is further provided between the casing 101 and the pole core 102, and the pole core 102 is encapsulated in the encapsulation film.
- the battery module provided in this application has a long life and high safety performance.
- a battery pack 200 is provided, including the above-mentioned battery module.
- the battery pack 200 provided in the present application has a long life, high safety performance, and high volume utilization rate.
- an energy storage device 400 is provided, including the above-mentioned battery pack 200.
- a vehicle 300 including the above-mentioned battery pack 200.
- connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Connected or integrally connected; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication between two components.
- connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Connected or integrally connected; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication between two components.
- a battery pack 200 includes a tray 201 and a battery sequence 201 located in the tray.
- the battery sequence 201 includes a plurality of batteries 100.
- the thickness of the plurality of batteries 100 extends along a first direction A.
- the length of the battery 100 extends along the second direction B, and a plurality of batteries 100 are arranged in sequence along the first direction A to form a battery sequence 201; two adjacent batteries are provided with a gap S
- Each battery 100 includes an aluminum shell 101.
- the aluminum shell 101 includes a shell body 1012 with openings at both ends and two cover plates 1011.
- 102 is located in the containing cavity; there are multiple pole cores 102, each pole core is encapsulated in a packaging film (not shown in the figure), each pole core includes a positive electrode ear 1021 and a negative electrode ear 1022 for drawing current, The positive electrode ear 1021 and the negative electrode ear 1022 are respectively arranged at opposite ends of the electrode core along the length direction of the electrode core.
- a plurality of electrode cores 102 are arranged in sequence along the length of the battery to form a electrode core string.
- One of the two adjacent electrode cores 102 The positive lug 1021 of the core 102 is electrically connected to the negative lug of the other pole core 102, so that a plurality of pole cores 102 are connected in series with each other.
- the battery pack works for a period of time, measure the size of the cover plate 1011 of the battery 100 along the first direction A (the thickness direction of the battery), and record it as the initial thickness D before the battery expands, and measure the battery to virtually clamp two parallel batteries in the thickness direction
- the batteries of the examples and comparative examples were charged at a rate of 0.75C and discharged at a rate of 0.75C, and a full charge and discharge cycle test was performed.
- the capacity decay of each battery in the battery pack was recorded until the capacity of a certain battery was reduced. Is 80%. Output the number of cycles.
- the voltage range of the cathode material is lithium iron phosphate is 2.5-3.8V
- the voltage range of the Ni65-type nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material is 3-4.2V.
- Table 1 shows the parameters and performance test results of the examples and comparative examples.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (20)
- 一种电池包,其特征在于,所述电池包至少包括一个电池序列,所述电池序列包括若干个电池;所述电池的厚度沿第一方向延伸,若干个所述电池沿所述第一方向依次排列以形成所述电池序列;至少一个所述电池包括外壳和封装于所述外壳内的极芯,至少两个相邻的电池之间具有间隙,该间隙与所述电池的厚度的比例为c,c满足如下关系式:c/a=0.01~0.5,其中,a表示为所述电池的膨胀率。
- 如权利要求1所述的电池包,其特征在于,任意相邻两个所述电池之间具有间隙。
- 如权利要求1或2所述的电池包,其特征在于,相邻两个所述电池之间的间隙是指同一个所述电池序列中相邻两个所述电池之间的间距。
- 如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的电池包,其特征在于,a表示为电池在第一方向上的膨胀率。
- 如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的电池包,其特征在于,a=(电池膨胀后的厚度-电池膨胀前的厚度)/电池膨胀前的厚度×100%。
- 如权利要求5所述的电池包,其特征在于,所述电池膨胀前的厚度为所述电池在使用前的初始厚度,所述电池膨胀后的厚度为所述电池的容量衰减至初始容量80%以下测得的厚度。
- 如权利要求5或6所述的电池包,其特征在于,所述外壳包括具有开口的壳本体和盖板,所述盖板与所述壳本体的开口密封连接,以共同围成密封的容纳腔室,所述极芯位于所述容纳腔室内;所述电池膨胀前的厚度为所述盖板沿所述第一方向的尺寸;所述电池膨胀后的厚度为沿第一方向虚拟夹持所述电池的两平行平面的间距的最小值。
- 如权利要求1-7中任一项所述的电池包,其特征在于,所述相邻两个电池之间的间隙为相邻两个电池在工作中或工作后或使用前的间隙;所述电池的厚度为电池在使用前的初始厚度。
- 如权利要求1-7中任一项所述的电池包,其特征在于,所述外壳包括具有开口的壳本体和盖板,所述盖板与所述壳本体的开口密封连接,以共同围成密封的容纳腔室,所述极芯位于所述容纳腔室内;所述两个相邻电池之间的间隙包括第一间隙,所述第一间隙为所述两个相邻电池位于同一侧的两个盖板之间的最小距离,所述电池的厚度为所述盖板沿所述第一方向的尺寸。
- 如权利要求1-7中任一项所述的电池包,其特征在于,所述外壳包括具有开口的壳本体和盖板,所述盖板与所述壳本体的开口密封连接,以共同围成密封的容纳腔室,所述极芯位于所述容纳腔室内;所述外壳沿所述第一方向具有两个相对的第一表面;所述两个相邻电池之间的间隙包括第二间隙,所述第二间隙为所述两个相邻的电池的外壳相彼此面对的两个第一表面之间的最小间距;所述电池的厚度为所述盖板沿所述第一方向的尺寸。
- 如权利要求10所述的电池包,其特征在于,所述电池在使用前的第二间隙大于所述电池在使用后的第二间隙。
- 如权利要求1-11中任一项所述的电池包,其特征在于,a的取值范围5.8%-17.5%。
- 如权利要求1-12中任一项所述的电池包,其特征在在于,所述电池的长度沿第二方向延伸,所述电池的长度为400-2500mm;所述第二方向与第一方向不同。
- 如权利要求1-13中任一项所述的电池包,其特征在于,封装于所述外壳内的极芯包括多个,多个所述极芯分成若干个极芯组,所述极芯组间串联。
- 如权利要求14所述的电池包,其特征在于,同一个所述极芯组中的多个所述极芯并联。
- 如权利要求14或15所述的电池包,其特征在于,每个所述极芯组外均套设有封装膜,多个所述极芯组串联。
- 如权利要求1-16中任一项所述的电池包,其特征在于,所述外壳与所述极芯之间还设有封装膜,所述极芯封装在封装膜内。
- 如权利要求7所述的电池包,其特征在于,测试所述电池膨胀后的厚度时,计算所述电池的平均厚度,在所述电池的所述壳本体上按照一定的间距任意选取n个点,分别测定n个点的厚度,分别记为d1、d2、d3……dn,所述电池膨胀后的厚度为d=(d1+d2+d3+……dn)/n。
- 一种车辆,其特征在于,所述车辆包括权利要求1-18中任一项所述的电池包。
- 一种储能装置,其特征在于,所述储能装置权利要求1-18中任一项所述的电池包。
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