WO2021237521A1 - 屏下指纹识别装置及***、指纹识别方法和电子装置 - Google Patents

屏下指纹识别装置及***、指纹识别方法和电子装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021237521A1
WO2021237521A1 PCT/CN2020/092657 CN2020092657W WO2021237521A1 WO 2021237521 A1 WO2021237521 A1 WO 2021237521A1 CN 2020092657 W CN2020092657 W CN 2020092657W WO 2021237521 A1 WO2021237521 A1 WO 2021237521A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fingerprint
screen
self
light
luminous display
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PCT/CN2020/092657
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
青小刚
李顺展
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深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2020/092657 priority Critical patent/WO2021237521A1/zh
Publication of WO2021237521A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021237521A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F18/00—Pattern recognition

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of fingerprint identification technology, and in particular to an under-screen fingerprint identification device and system, fingerprint identification method and electronic device.
  • Fingerprint recognition has become a function that most mobile terminals such as mobile phones and tablet computers are equipped with. As smart phones enter the era of full-screen, the screen-to-body ratio of mobile phones is increasing, and under-screen fingerprint recognition technology has become a trend.
  • the mobile terminal adopting OLED screen uses the self-luminous display unit as the light source for screen lighting.
  • the light from the self-luminous display unit of the OLED screen in the fingerprint detection area forms a light spot and irradiates the finger above the screen to form fingerprint detection light, and the fingerprint detection light returns After passing through the OLED screen, it is received by the optical fingerprint sensor below the OLED screen, and the fingerprint image is collected by the optical fingerprint sensor to further realize fingerprint recognition.
  • the self-luminous display unit used to form the above-mentioned light spot in the OLED screen usually works in the high-brightness mode (HBM).
  • HBM high-brightness mode
  • the light spot brightness of the OLED screen can be Up to 1000nit or more.
  • the formed light spot has a high brightness.
  • the OLED screen is in a black screen, the light spot is very dazzling and affects the comfort of human eyes.
  • the present application provides an under-screen fingerprint identification device and system, a fingerprint identification method, and an electronic device, which can solve the problem that glare of the self-luminous display screen light spots affect the comfort of human eyes during fingerprint identification, and improve the user experience effect.
  • this application provides an under-screen fingerprint identification device suitable for electronic devices with a self-luminous display screen, and the fingerprint detection area of the under-screen fingerprint identification device is at least partially located in the display area of the self-luminous display screen;
  • the fingerprint recognition device under the screen includes a fingerprint recognition module and a detection light source.
  • the fingerprint recognition module is arranged under the self-luminous display screen.
  • the detection light source is used to provide invisible detection light, detection light and some self-luminous display pixels of the self-luminous display screen. At least one of the emitted visible light can be used as excitation light for fingerprint recognition according to the current environmental information of the self-luminous display screen and irradiate the finger above the fingerprint detection area to form fingerprint detection light carrying fingerprint information on the finger; fingerprint;
  • the identification module is used to receive fingerprint detection light carrying fingerprint information to collect fingerprint images of the finger.
  • the environmental information of the self-luminous display screen includes the current lighting environment of the self-luminous display screen and the light-emitting state of the self-luminous display screen.
  • the self-luminous display screen and the detection light source are used to be controlled to light the finger above the self-luminous display screen in a time-sharing manner under different environmental conditions, wherein the environmental conditions and the self-luminous display screen The environmental information is relevant.
  • the detection light source when the current environmental information of the self-luminous display screen meets the first preset condition, the detection light source is used to provide invisible detection light as the excitation light for fingerprint recognition and irradiate the self-luminous Display the finger at the top of the screen to generate fingerprint detection light.
  • the first preset condition is that the current self-luminous display screen is in a dark light environment and the current self-luminous display screen is in a black screen state.
  • the self-luminous display pixels of the self-luminous display screen located in the fingerprint detection area are driven to highlight the light spot and highlight the light.
  • the spot is used as the excitation light for fingerprint recognition and irradiates the finger above the self-luminous display screen to generate fingerprint detection light.
  • the second preset condition is that the current self-luminous display screen is in a bright light environment or the current self-luminous display screen is in a bright screen state.
  • the self-luminous display screen is an OLED screen
  • the self-luminous pixel unit is an OLED pixel unit in the fingerprint detection area of the OLED screen.
  • the detection light source is an infrared light source, and the detection light emitted by the detection light source is infrared light, and the wavelength range of the infrared light is 850 nm-940 nm.
  • the OLED screen includes a display module and a protective cover plate covering the display module.
  • the detection light source and the fingerprint identification module are arranged under the display module together.
  • the detection light source is integrated inside the fingerprint identification module.
  • the detection light source is arranged on the periphery of the fingerprint identification module, and the distance between the detection light source and the fingerprint identification module is 2mm-10mm.
  • the detection light source is arranged on the side of the display module, and is arranged side by side with the display module under the protective cover, wherein the detection light source is located under the edge area of the protective cover for passing through The protective cover emits detection light to the finger above the OLED screen.
  • the distance between the fingerprint identification module and the side edge of the protective cover corresponding to the detection light source is less than or equal to 15 mm.
  • a light-transmitting film layer is provided on the edge area of the back of the protective cover corresponding to the detection light source, and the light-transmitting film layer is used to transmit the detection light.
  • the fingerprint identification module includes a fingerprint sensor and a light filter
  • the fingerprint sensor is used to receive fingerprint detection light to obtain fingerprint information of the finger
  • the light filter is arranged on the light incident side of the fingerprint sensor
  • the filter is a double-pass filter with a first transmission waveband and a second transmission waveband, wherein the first transmission waveband corresponds to the visible light waveband emitted by the self-luminous display pixel of the self-luminous display screen, and the second transmission waveband
  • the waveband corresponds to the waveband of the detection light emitted by the detection light source, and the filter is used to filter out interference light other than the detection light and visible light.
  • the fingerprint identification module further includes an optical element, which is arranged on the light-incident side of the fingerprint sensor, and is used to guide or converge the fingerprint detection light passing through the self-luminous display screen to the fingerprint sensor .
  • this application provides an under-screen fingerprint identification system.
  • the under-screen fingerprint identification system includes a self-luminous display screen and the above-mentioned under-screen fingerprint identification device.
  • the under-screen fingerprint identification device is used to be installed under the self-luminous display screen. In order to realize the under-screen optical fingerprint detection.
  • this application provides a fingerprint identification method suitable for an under-screen fingerprint identification device.
  • the under-screen fingerprint identification device is arranged under the self-luminous display screen.
  • the fingerprint identification method includes:
  • the environment information includes the current lighting environment and the light-emitting state of the self-luminous display screen;
  • the environmental information of the self-luminous display screen select at least one of the visible light emitted by the self-luminous display pixel of the self-luminous display screen located in the fingerprint detection area and the invisible detection light emitted by the detection light source as the excitation light for fingerprint recognition, and Use excitation light to irradiate the finger above the fingerprint detection area;
  • the self-luminous display screen and the detection light source are used to be controlled to light the finger above the self-luminous display screen in a time-sharing manner under different environmental conditions, wherein the environmental conditions and the self-luminous display screen The environmental information is relevant.
  • At least one of the visible light emitted by the self-luminous display pixel of the self-luminous display screen located in the fingerprint detection area and the invisible detection light emitted by the detection light source is selected.
  • One is used as an excitation light for fingerprint recognition, including:
  • the first preset condition is that the current self-luminous display screen is in a dark light environment and the current self-luminous display screen is in a black screen state;
  • the detection light source is controlled to emit invisible detection light as excitation light for fingerprint recognition, and the excitation light is irradiated to the finger above the self-luminous display screen to generate fingerprint detection light.
  • At least one of the visible light emitted by the self-luminous display pixel of the self-luminous display screen located in the fingerprint detection area and the invisible detection light emitted by the detection light source is selected.
  • One is used as an excitation light for fingerprint recognition and also includes:
  • the second preset condition is that the current self-luminous display screen is in a bright light environment or the current self-luminous display screen is in a bright screen state
  • the visible light emitted by the bright spot is used as the excitation light for fingerprint recognition, and is irradiated to the finger above the self-luminous display screen to generate fingerprint detection light.
  • determining whether the current environmental information of the self-luminous display screen satisfies the first preset condition includes:
  • the present application provides an electronic device including the above-mentioned under-screen fingerprint identification system.
  • the under-screen fingerprint identification device and system, fingerprint identification method, and electronic device provided in this application adopt a detection light source under the self-luminous display screen, and the detection light provided by the detection light source is invisible light, and the environment information of the self-luminous display screen is , Select at least one of the detection light and the visible light emitted by part of the self-luminous display pixels of the self-luminous display screen as the excitation light for fingerprint recognition; when the self-luminous display screen is in a dark light environment and is in a black screen state, it can be detected
  • the light source emits invisible detection light to illuminate the finger above the fingerprint detection area of the self-luminous display screen, thus reducing the brightness of the light spot formed in the fingerprint detection area, and will not form a dazzling light spot, so it will not be harmful to people in a dark environment. Discomfort caused by the eyes can improve the user experience.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of an OLED screen applicable to an under-screen fingerprint identification device according to Embodiment 1 of the application;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the installation of an under-screen fingerprint identification device provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an under-screen fingerprint identification device provided in Embodiment 3 of this application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the detection light source corresponding to FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another under-screen fingerprint identification device provided in Embodiment 4 of this application.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the detection light source corresponding to Fig. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a flow chart of the steps of the fingerprint recognition light supplement method provided in the fifth embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 8 is a control flowchart of a fingerprint identification method provided in Embodiment 5 of this application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic front view of an electronic device to which the under-screen fingerprint identification device provided by an embodiment of the application can be applied;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the electronic device shown in FIG. 9.
  • 10-electronic device 111-exciting light; 120-display; 131-optical sensor unit; 132-optical component; 133-optical sensor array; 134-optical fingerprint sensor; 141-ridge; 142-valley; 151-from fingerprint The fingerprint detection light of the ridge; 152-the fingerprint detection light from the fingerprint valley.
  • OLED screens and liquid crystal display (LCD) screens are respectively self-luminous display screens and non-self-luminous display screens that are widely used in electronic devices such as smart mobile terminals.
  • the OLED screen is a current-type organic light-emitting device, which can control each display unit (also called a display pixel) to independently emit light through a display drive module.
  • the electronic device adopting the OLED screen can realize the under-screen optical fingerprint detection, so that the fingerprint detection area is located in the display area of the OLED screen.
  • the optical fingerprint sensor can be arranged under the OLED screen, and the self-luminous display pixels of the OLED screen can be used as a fingerprint excitation light source for screen lighting.
  • the self-luminous display pixels located in the fingerprint detection area of the OLED screen It is driven to emit light to display a light spot in the fingerprint detection area.
  • the emitted light is used as the excitation light for fingerprint recognition to illuminate the finger above the OLED screen, and after being scattered, reflected or transmitted by the finger, it forms a fingerprint that carries the fingerprint information of the finger.
  • Fingerprint detection light the fingerprint detection light is returned to the OLED screen and transmitted to the optical fingerprint sensor below through the OLED screen.
  • the optical fingerprint sensor can receive the fingerprint detection light and convert the fingerprint detection light into corresponding electrical signals, thereby realizing fingerprint images collection.
  • the above-mentioned screen lighting method is used for under-screen optical fingerprint detection.
  • the self-luminous display pixels in the fingerprint detection area need to work in the high-brightness mode (HBM), for example, self-luminous
  • HBM high-brightness mode
  • the maximum brightness of the light spot displayed by the display pixel can reach more than 1000nit.
  • the brightness of the light spot formed by the above-mentioned screen lighting method is not much different from that of the environment, so the light spot will not cause discomfort to the human eye; but in the dark night or dark indoor, if the OLED When the screen is unlocked with the fingerprint in the state of the black screen, the light spots displayed on the OLED screen are very dazzling, which will make the eyes uncomfortable and affect the user experience.
  • embodiments of the present application provide an under-screen fingerprint identification device and system, fingerprint identification method, and electronic device to reduce the brightness of the light spot generated during fingerprint identification and improve user experience.
  • the under-screen fingerprint identification device, system, and fingerprint identification method of the embodiments of this application can be applied to various electronic devices, for example, portable or mobile computing devices such as smart phones, notebook computers, tablet computers, and gaming equipment. Not limited.
  • FIG. 9 and 10 show schematic diagrams of electronic devices to which the embodiments of the present application can be applied.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic front view of the electronic device 10
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 9.
  • the electronic device 10 may include a display screen 120 and a fingerprint recognition module 130.
  • the display screen 120 may be a self-luminous display screen, which adopts a self-luminous display unit as display pixels, for example, it may be an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) screen or a micro-LED (Micro-LED) display screen , Both of them use OLED display pixels or micro LED display pixels that can independently control light emission for picture display.
  • the display screen 120 may also be specifically a touch-sensitive display screen, which can not only perform screen display, but also detect a user's touch or pressing operation, so as to provide a user with a human-computer interaction interface.
  • the electronic device 10 may include a touch sensor, and the touch sensor may be specifically a touch panel (TP), which may be provided on the surface of the display screen 120, or may be partially integrated or integrated into Inside the display screen 120, the touch display screen is formed.
  • TP touch panel
  • the fingerprint recognition module 130 includes an optical fingerprint sensor, and the optical fingerprint sensor includes an optical sensor array 133 (also known as a sensor pixel array) with a plurality of optical sensor units 131 (also known as optical sensor pixels, photosensitive pixels, or pixel units, etc.) Or pixel unit array, etc.).
  • the photosensitive area (also referred to as a sensing area) of the optical sensor array 133 corresponds to the fingerprint detection area 103 (also referred to as a fingerprint collection area, a fingerprint recognition area, etc.) of the fingerprint identification module 130.
  • the optical sensing unit 131 may include a photodetector, that is, the optical sensing array 133 may specifically include a photodetector array, which includes a plurality of photodetectors distributed in an array.
  • the fingerprint identification module 130 is disposed in a partial area below the display screen 120, and the fingerprint detection area 103 of the fingerprint identification module 130 may be located in at least a part of the display area of the display screen 120.
  • the user needs to unlock the electronic device 10 or perform other fingerprint verification, he only needs to press his finger on the fingerprint detection area 103 located on the display screen 120 to realize fingerprint input.
  • the fingerprint module 130 may include an optical fingerprint sensor 134 and an optical component 132.
  • the optical fingerprint sensor 134 includes the aforementioned optical sensor array 133, a reading circuit electrically connected to the optical sensor array 133, and other functional circuits.
  • the optical sensor array 133 and the aforementioned circuit can be fabricated on a chip (Die) through a semiconductor process to form an optical sensor array.
  • the optical component 132 may be disposed above the optical sensing array 133 of the light detecting part 134, and it may specifically include a filter layer, a light guide layer or a light path guiding structure, and other optical elements. It can be used to filter out the ambient light or other interference light penetrating the finger.
  • the light guide layer or light path guiding structure is mainly used to form a finger on the display screen 120 and return through the display screen 120.
  • the fingerprint detection light is guided to the optical sensor array 133 for optical detection to realize fingerprint image collection, wherein the fingerprint detection light may be the excitation light emitted by the fingerprint excitation light source irradiating the finger above the display screen 120, and is The light signal that is formed by reflection, scattering or transmission of the finger and carries the fingerprint information of the finger.
  • the optical component 132 and the light detecting part 134 can be fabricated on the same optical fingerprint component, and the optical path guiding structure and the filter layer of the optical component 132 can be fabricated on the optical fingerprint.
  • the surface of the sensor 134; the optical assembly 132 can also be arranged as a discrete component above the optical fingerprint sensor 134.
  • part of the components of the optical assembly 132 are integrated into the aforementioned chip.
  • the display screen 120 is a self-luminous display screen with self-luminous display pixels.
  • the fingerprint recognition module 130 can use the OLED screen
  • the self-luminous display unit (ie, OLED display pixel) located in the fingerprint detection area 103 serves as a fingerprint excitation light source.
  • the OLED display pixels located in the fingerprint detection area 103 are driven to work in the highlight mode, thereby displaying a light spot with sufficient brightness in the fingerprint detection area 103, And through the light spot toward the finger 140 above the OLED screen, excitation light 111 is emitted.
  • the excitation light 111 illuminates the finger 140 and is reflected, scattered or transmitted on the finger 140 to form a corresponding reflection.
  • Light, scattered light, or transmitted light; the reflected light, scattered light, or transmitted light carries fingerprint information of the finger 140. Therefore, in related patent applications, the above-mentioned reflected light, scattered light, or transmitted light is collectively referred to as fingerprint detection light. Since the ridge 141 and valley 142 of the fingerprint have different reflection, scattering or transmission capabilities of light, the fingerprint detection light 151 from the fingerprint ridge and the fingerprint detection light 152 from the fingerprint valley have different light intensities.
  • the fingerprint detection light After the fingerprint detection light is guided by the optical path of the optical component 132 and necessary optical processing, it is transmitted to the optical sensing array 133 of the optical fingerprint sensor 134 for optical fingerprint imaging, and converted into a corresponding electrical signal, that is, a fingerprint image signal.
  • the fingerprint image signal can be used to obtain the fingerprint image data of the finger 140, and can further perform fingerprint matching verification, so as to realize the optical fingerprint recognition function in the electronic device 10.
  • the under-screen fingerprint recognition device and system may also include an additional detection light source, which is a supplementary light source independent of the OLED screen, such as an infrared light source or other invisible light sources It can be controlled to emit invisible detection light to the finger 140 above the OLED screen under preset conditions as excitation light for fingerprint recognition.
  • the detection light source and the self-luminous display pixels of the OLED screen can be controlled to light the finger in a time-sharing manner under different environmental conditions, for example, when the first preset condition is satisfied, the detection light source is used to The finger above the OLED screen performs external lighting, and when the second preset condition is satisfied, the self-luminous display pixel display spot of the OLED screen is used to perform screen lighting on the finger.
  • the first preset condition and the second preset condition may be related to the environmental information of the OLED screen, and the environmental information of the OLED screen may include a lighting environment and a light-emitting state of the screen; for example, the first The preset condition may be that it is currently in a dark light environment and the OLED screen is in a black screen state, and the second preset condition may be that it is currently in a bright light environment or the OLED screen is in a bright screen state.
  • the detection light emitted by the detection light source can be irradiated to the finger 140 above it through the OLED screen 120, which is similar to using the self-luminous display pixels of the OLED screen as the excitation light source.
  • fingerprint detection light corresponding to the detection light can be formed on the finger 140, and the fingerprint detection light is further transmitted through the OLED screen to the bottom
  • the fingerprint recognition module 130 performs optical fingerprint imaging.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of an OLED screen applicable to an under-screen fingerprint identification device provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of installation of an under-screen fingerprint identification device provided in Embodiment 1 of this application.
  • this embodiment provides an under-screen fingerprint identification device, which is applied to an electronic device with an OLED screen 3.
  • the under-screen fingerprint identification device is an optical fingerprint identification device, which can be applied to electronic devices such as smart phones, tablet computers, and other mobile terminals using OLED screen 3.
  • the OLED screen 3 has a fingerprint detection area 111. It is understandable that since the under-screen fingerprint recognition device of this embodiment is an optical fingerprint recognition device, at least part of the fingerprint detection area 111 should be located in the OLED. In the display area of screen 3.
  • the excitation light for fingerprint recognition can be irradiated to the finger 4 above the fingerprint detection area 111, so that the illuminated part of the finger 4 forms a fingerprint detection
  • the fingerprint detection light passes through the OLED screen 3 and is received and recognized by the fingerprint recognition device under the screen.
  • the fingerprint detection area 111 may all be located in the display area of the OLED screen 3, so that the excitation light used for fingerprint recognition can illuminate the entire fingerprint detection area 111, and the fingerprint part of the finger 4 in the entire fingerprint detection area 111 Both can be illuminated, and the fingerprint detection light formed by the finger 4 in the entire fingerprint detection area 111 can be received by the under-screen fingerprint identification device through the OLED screen 3, so that the under-screen fingerprint identification device can collect more complete fingerprints The image can improve the recognition efficiency and recognition accuracy of the fingerprint recognition device under the screen.
  • the display area of the OLED screen 3 can be expanded to cover the entire front surface of the electronic device, so as to meet the full screen requirement of a high screen-to-body ratio.
  • the fingerprint detection area 111 can be set at any position in the display area of the OLED screen 3, and the position of the fingerprint detection area 111 can be set according to actual needs.
  • the fingerprint recognition module 1 can be set according to the position of the fingerprint detection area 111, so that the sensing area of the fingerprint recognition module 1 covers the fingerprint detection area 111, so that the fingerprint recognition module 1 can collect The fingerprint image pressed on the part of the fingerprint detection area 111.
  • the under-screen fingerprint identification device includes a fingerprint identification module 1
  • the fingerprint identification module 1 can be arranged under the OLED screen 3, and the excitation light for fingerprint identification is irradiated to the fingerprint detection area of the OLED screen 3.
  • Finger 4 above 111 forms fingerprint detection light on finger 4, and the fingerprint detection light carries fingerprint information.
  • the fingerprint detection light is transmitted through the OLED screen 3 to the fingerprint recognition module 1 below the OLED screen 3.
  • the fingerprint recognition module 1 receives the fingerprint detection light to collect the fingerprint image of the finger 4.
  • the fingerprint image can be further used for identification to The user is authenticated.
  • the visible light emitted by the self-luminous pixel unit (ie, the OLED pixel unit) of the OLED screen 3 can be used as the excitation light for fingerprint recognition.
  • the OLED screen 3 itself can be driven to emit visible light to display images.
  • fingerprint recognition when the user's finger 4 is placed above the fingerprint detection area 111 of the OLED screen 3, the OLED screen 3 is located in the OLED pixel unit of the fingerprint detection area 111 It can be controlled to emit light in a high-brightness mode to display a light spot.
  • the visible light emitted by the light spot illuminates the finger 4 on the fingerprint detection area 111, and the finger 4 reflects or scatters the visible light of the OLED screen 3 to form fingerprint information carrying the finger 4
  • the fingerprint detection light is transmitted to the fingerprint recognition module 1 through the OLED screen 3, and the fingerprint recognition module 1 receives the fingerprint detection light to collect the fingerprint image of the finger 4.
  • the fingerprint image can be further used for identification to identify the user Authentication.
  • the visible light emitted by the OLED screen 3 is used as the excitation light for fingerprint recognition, and it is not necessary to additionally provide a supplementary light source for fingerprint recognition, and fingerprint collection can be realized by illuminating the finger 4 above the fingerprint detection area 111 through the OLED screen 3.
  • the OLED pixel unit in the fingerprint detection area 111 work in the highlight mode to form Highlight spots.
  • the OLED pixel unit in the fingerprint detection area 111 work in the highlight mode to form Highlight spots.
  • the electronic device with a black screen is unlocked by fingerprints, the bright light spot will be very bright due to the high brightness. It is very dazzling and can cause discomfort to human eyes.
  • the under-screen fingerprint identification device further includes
  • the detection light source 2 can emit detection light that is not obvious to the human eye.
  • the detection light is used as the excitation light for fingerprint recognition.
  • the fingerprint detection light carrying fingerprint information is formed by reflection, scattering or transmission.
  • the fingerprint detection light is transmitted to the fingerprint identification module 1 through the OLED screen 3, and the fingerprint identification module 1 receives the fingerprint detection light to collect the fingerprint image of the finger 4.
  • the detection light emitted by the detection light source 2 is invisible light.
  • the invisible light is irradiated to the fingerprint detection area 111, and no bright spot is formed in the fingerprint detection area 111, and no dazzling light spots are generated during the fingerprint unlocking process. Therefore, it will not cause discomfort to human eyes and can improve the user experience effect.
  • the invisible detection light emitted by the detection light source 2 can be used as the excitation light for fingerprint identification and irradiated to the fingerprint detection area
  • the finger 4 above 111 thus forms the fingerprint detection light corresponding to the invisible light, which may be referred to as the first fingerprint detection light in this embodiment.
  • the visible light emitted by the OLED pixel unit of the OLED screen 3 in the fingerprint detection area 111 can be used as the fingerprint recognition operation.
  • the recognized excitation light forms a bright spot and irradiates the finger 4 above the fingerprint detection area 111 to form fingerprint detection light corresponding to the above-mentioned visible light on the finger 4, which may be referred to as the second fingerprint detection light in this embodiment.
  • the above-mentioned embodiment uses the environmental information of the OLED screen 3 (including the current lighting environment and the light-emitting state of the OLED screen) as the condition for selecting the excitation light or the detection light for fingerprint recognition, that is, it is currently in Under the first preset condition that the OLED screen 3 is in a dark light environment and the OLED screen 3 is in a black screen state, the invisible detection light emitted by the detection light source 2 is used as the excitation light for fingerprint recognition, and the current is in a bright light environment or the OLED screen 3 is in a bright screen state Under the second preset condition, the visible light emitted by the OLED screen 3 is used as the excitation light for fingerprint recognition.
  • the selection conditions of the excitation light or the detection light may be determined according to specific application scenarios. This application is not specific. limit.
  • the visible light emitted by the OLED screen 3 and the invisible light emitted by the detection light source 2 can also be used to illuminate the fingerprint detection.
  • the finger 4 above the area 111, the visible light emitted by the OLED screen 3 and the non-visible light emitted by the detection light source 2 are irradiated to the finger 4 to form fingerprint detection light, that is, the fingerprint detection light includes the first fingerprint detection light corresponding to the aforementioned non-visible light And the second fingerprint detection light corresponding to the above-mentioned visible light.
  • the power of the visible light emitted by the OLED pixel unit of the OLED screen 3 can be lower, so that the brightness of the light spot formed in the fingerprint detection area 111 is low, which is beneficial to protect the OLED of the fingerprint detection area 111
  • the pixel unit avoids permanent damage such as burnout when working in a high-bright state for a long time.
  • the ambient light brightness is good or the OLED screen 3 is in a bright screen state
  • only the invisible detection light emitted by the detection light source 2 is irradiated to the finger 4 above the fingerprint detection area 111 to form fingerprint detection light.
  • the visible light emitted by the OLED screen 3 and the invisible light emitted by the detection light source 2 can also be used as the excitation light for fingerprint recognition and irradiate the upper part of the OLED screen 3.
  • the finger 4 forms fingerprint detection light.
  • the fingerprint detection light also includes the first fingerprint detection light corresponding to the above-mentioned invisible light and the second fingerprint detection light corresponding to the above-mentioned visible light.
  • the luminous power of the OLED pixel unit of the OLED screen 3 in the fingerprint detection area 111 can be adjusted to reduce the brightness of the light spot formed in the fingerprint detection area 111 so as not to make the human eye feel uncomfortable.
  • the OLED pixel unit of the detection area 111 is protected, and on the other hand, the non-high-bright light spot of the fingerprint detection area 111 can be passed in the black screen state, so that the user can perceive that an effective fingerprint recognition operation is in progress, and the user experience is improved.
  • the invisible detection light emitted by the detection light source 2 may be infrared light.
  • the detection light source 2 emits infrared light and the detection light source 2 is an infrared light source
  • the detection light source 2 may be an infrared LED light source, an infrared vertical cavity surface emitting laser (Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser, referred to as VCSEL) or an infrared laser Diode (Laser Diode).
  • VCSEL Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser
  • Laser Diode Laser Diode
  • the wavelength range of the infrared light emitted by the detection light source 2 may be 850nm-940nm, that is, the wavelength of the infrared light emitted by the detection light source 2 is between 850nm and 940nm.
  • the infrared light emitted by the detection light source 2 The wavelength can be 850nm, 870nm, 910nm, 930nm or 940nm and so on.
  • the wavelength of the infrared light emitted by the detection light source 2 may be limited to 940 nm, so that when the OLED screen 3 is currently in a dark environment and the OLED screen 3 is in a black screen state, the infrared light emitted by the detection light source 2 is transmitted through When the OLED screen 3 is irradiated on the fingerprint detection area 111, it does not produce a light spot that can be observed by the naked eye, and has a good effect.
  • the OLED screen 3 specifically includes a display module 31 and a protective cover 32.
  • the display module 31 may include an OLED panel, which includes an OLED pixel array.
  • the OLED pixel units of the OLED pixel array may be Self-luminescence is driven by the display driving unit to display images.
  • the OLED panel of the display module 31 may include an anode layer, an organic light-emitting layer, and a cathode layer that are stacked, and the organic light-emitting layer is sandwiched between the anode layer and the cathode layer.
  • the fingerprint detection area 111 may be set in the display area of the display module 31.
  • the protective cover 32 covers the display module 31, that is, the protective cover 32 is located on the outermost side of the front of the electronic device, and the protective cover 32 is used to protect the display module 31 and prevent the display module 31 from being damaged.
  • the protective cover 32 may be a transparent cover, such as a glass cover or a sapphire cover.
  • the outer surface of the protective cover plate 32 may also be provided with a protective layer.
  • the finger 4 pressing the fingerprint detection area 111 of the display module 31 can actually refer to the protection of the finger 4 pressing on the display module 31.
  • the cover plate 32 or covers the surface of the protective layer of the protective cover plate 32.
  • the display module 31 may be formed with a light-transmitting area for transmitting the fingerprint detection light, and the light-transmitting area may refer to the transmission path of the fingerprint detection light on the relevant optical film of the display module 31.
  • the fingerprint detection light has a light-transmitting area formed thereon, and the fingerprint identification module 1 is located under the light-transmitting area of the display module 31, so that the fingerprint detection light is transmitted to the fingerprint identification module 1 through the display module 31.
  • the light-transmitting area may be the area corresponding to the transmission path of the fingerprint detection light on the OLED screen 3.
  • the OLED panel of the display module 31 has a light-transmitting gap between the OLED pixel units.
  • the fingerprint detection light can be transmitted to the fingerprint recognition module 1 below through the above-mentioned light transmission gap; if the display module 31 also includes other non-transparent layers, the non-transmissive layer can be emitted between the fingerprint detection light and the detection light source 2
  • the transmission path of the detection light is provided with a light-transmitting area that can transmit the above-mentioned fingerprint detection light and the wavelength band of the detection light, for example, a light-transmitting window is opened.
  • the OLED screen 3 may further include a support plate 33, which is arranged on the back of the display module 31 and is used to support and protect the display module 31.
  • a support plate 33 is used to support the display module 31 to ensure that the layers constituting the display module 31
  • the optical film has better flatness to improve the display effect of the display module 31.
  • the support plate 33 may generally be made of a metal material with good strength and rigidity.
  • the support plate 33 may be a steel plate.
  • the support plate 33 is provided with a through hole 331, and the position of the through hole 331 corresponds to the light incident area of the fingerprint recognition module 1. Taking the downward transmission of fingerprint detection light to the fingerprint recognition module 1 as an example, the through hole 331 may be located between the fingerprint detection area 111 of the OLED screen 3 and the fingerprint recognition module 1, and the position of the through hole 331 may face the fingerprint recognition module. Group 1.
  • the fingerprint detection light reflected by the finger 4 passes through the display module 31, it passes through the through hole 331 on the support plate 33 and is irradiated to the fingerprint identification module 1 so that the fingerprint identification module 1 can receive the fingerprint detection light.
  • this embodiment adopts two forms of supplementary light, which are self-luminous by the OLED screen 3 and invisible light emitted by the detection light source 2.
  • the light emitted by the two forms can be used separately as excitation light for fingerprint recognition, or the two forms emit light.
  • the light can be combined as the excitation light for fingerprint recognition, which can not only solve the problem that the OLED screen 3 is self-luminous to supplement the light when the OLED screen 3 is in a black screen state in a dark environment such as night.
  • the visible light emitted by the self-luminous pixel unit (ie, OLED pixel unit) of the OLED screen 3 as the excitation light for fingerprint recognition, since the visible light emitted by the OLED screen 3 directly illuminates the finger 4 above the screen, the finger 4 reflects the visible light Or, after scattering, pass through the OLED screen 3 to reach the fingerprint recognition module 1 below the screen, so the OLED screen 3 is used to self-illuminate for fingerprint image collection, and the light only needs to pass through the OLED screen 3 once.
  • the light emitted by the detection light source 2 arranged below the OLED screen 3 needs to pass through the OLED screen 3 to illuminate the finger 4 above the screen, and the light returned by the finger 4 needs to pass through the OLED screen 3 to reach the fingerprint recognition module 1.
  • the light needs to pass through After the OLED screen 3 has passed twice, the intensity of the light emitted by the detection light source 2 needs to be large enough so that the light intensity after the light passes through the OLED screen 3 twice can still achieve fingerprint imaging.
  • the self-luminous OLED screen 3 is used as the excitation light for fingerprint recognition, which can reduce fingerprints.
  • the power consumption of the identification device saves the power consumption of the fingerprint identification device.
  • the OLED screen 3 is used for screen lighting.
  • the self-luminous pixel unit of the OLED screen 3 forms a light spot corresponding to the fingerprint detection area 111.
  • the coverage area is relatively wide, and the exit angle of the light is relatively consistent.
  • the uniformity is good, which can improve the fingerprint image collection effect, and then can improve the accuracy of fingerprint recognition.
  • the detection light source is arranged under the OLED screen, and the detection light emitted by the detection light source is non-visible light.
  • the detection light source can emit non-visible light. Visible detection light is used as the excitation light for fingerprint recognition and illuminates the finger above the fingerprint detection area of the OLED screen to form the fingerprint detection light. Therefore, the brightness of the light spot formed in the fingerprint detection area can be reduced, and no dazzling light spot is formed. It will not cause discomfort to human eyes in a dark environment, and can improve the user experience effect.
  • the fingerprint identification module 1 may include a fingerprint sensor 11, and the fingerprint sensor 11 may be an optical fingerprint sensor 11.
  • the fingerprint sensor 11 may include an optical sensing array with a plurality of sensing units, and a reading circuit and other functional circuits electrically connected to the optical sensing array.
  • the sensing area of the optical sensing array may correspond to the fingerprint recognition area of the fingerprint sensor 11.
  • the fingerprint sensor 11 may be located below the fingerprint detection area 111 of the OLED screen 3.
  • the fingerprint sensor 11 is arranged directly opposite the fingerprint detection area 111 of the OLED screen 3, by placing the finger 4 above the fingerprint detection area 111 of the OLED screen 3.
  • the fingerprint detection light carrying fingerprint information formed by the finger 4 being irradiated passes through the OLED screen 3, and is transmitted to the fingerprint sensor 11 under the OLED screen 3, which is opposite to the fingerprint detection area 111, and receives fingerprint detection through the optical sensor array of the fingerprint sensor 11 Light to collect the fingerprint image of the finger 4.
  • the sensing area of the optical sensing array in the fingerprint sensor 11 is used to sense fingerprint detection light.
  • the fingerprint detection light may be invisible detection light emitted by the detection light source 2 or visible light emitted by the OLED pixel unit of the OLED screen 3 in the fingerprint detection area 111.
  • the fingerprint recognition module 1 may also be provided with a filter 12.
  • the filter 12 is arranged on the light-incident side of the fingerprint sensor 11, and is used to filter out the interference light in the fingerprint detection light, that is, to filter out the light of other wavelength bands except for forming the fingerprint image.
  • the fingerprint detection light is formed by the invisible detection light emitted by the detection light source 2 reflected by the finger 4 or the visible light emitted by the OLED pixel unit of the OLED screen 3. Therefore, except for the detection light and the visible light corresponding to the wavelength bands Other light outside is interference light.
  • the filter element 12 may be a double-pass filter element 12.
  • the filter element 12 may pass through the wavelength band of the detection light and visible light, and filter light of other wavelength bands except the detection light and visible light.
  • the filter 12 is a double-pass filter 12 that can transmit infrared light and visible light.
  • the filter 12 may specifically include one or more optical filters.
  • the optical filter may be configured as a dual-band pass filter to transmit invisible detection light and visible light at the same time while filtering out light of other wavelength bands.
  • the optical filter may be realized, for example, by an optical filter coating, which may be formed on one or more continuous interfaces, or may be formed on one or more discrete interfaces.
  • the fingerprint recognition module 1 may also include an optical element 13, which may serve as a light path guiding structure and is arranged on the light-incident side of the fingerprint sensor 11, that is, the optical element 13 is arranged on the fingerprint sensor.
  • the optical element 13 is mainly used to guide the fingerprint detection light to the optical sensing array of the fingerprint sensor 11 for optical detection.
  • the optical element 13 may include an optical lens (Lens) assembly having one or more lens units, which may be composed of one or more lens units.
  • the optical lens assembly is used to reflect the fingerprint detection light formed by the finger 4 and pass through the OLED screen 3 to converge to the optical sensor array of the fingerprint sensor 11 below, so that the optical sensor array can perform optical imaging based on the fingerprint detection light, thereby The fingerprint image of the finger 4 is obtained.
  • the optical lens assembly may also be formed with a pinhole or a micro-aperture in the optical path of the lens unit.
  • one or more light-shielding sheets may be formed in the optical path of the lens unit, and at least one light-shielding sheet may be formed in the light path of the lens unit.
  • the optical axis or optical center area of the lens unit is formed with light-transmitting micro-holes, and the light-transmitting micro-holes can be used as the aforementioned pinholes or micro-apertures.
  • the pinhole or micro-aperture diaphragm can cooperate with the optical lens assembly and/or other optical film layers above the optical lens layer to increase the optical field of view of the fingerprint recognition module 1 (Filed of View, Abbreviation: FOV), and cooperate with the optical lens assembly to enhance the spatial resolution of the fingerprint image obtained by the optical sensor array, so as to improve the fingerprint imaging effect of the fingerprint identification module 1.
  • FOV optical field of view
  • FOV optical field of View, Abbreviation: FOV
  • the optical element 13 may specifically be a collimator (Collimator) layer fabricated on a semiconductor silicon wafer or other substrate, which has a plurality of collimator units, and the collimator unit may specifically be A collimated through hole 331 with a certain aspect ratio.
  • Collimator collimator
  • the collimator unit may specifically be A collimated through hole 331 with a certain aspect ratio.
  • the incident angle is basically the same as the extension direction of the collimating unit. It can pass through the collimation unit and be received by the optical sensing array of the fingerprint sensor 11 below it, and the fingerprint detection light with an excessively large incident angle is attenuated by multiple reflections inside the collimation unit, so each of the optical sensing arrays
  • the sensing unit can basically only receive the fingerprint detection light formed by the fingerprint lines directly above it, so that the optical sensing array uses the fingerprint detection light passing through each collimation unit to obtain the fingerprint image of the finger 4 respectively.
  • the optical element 13 may further include a micro-lens (Micro-Lens) layer and an optical film layer.
  • the micro-lens layer includes a micro-lens array formed by a plurality of micro-lenses, which may be obtained through a semiconductor growth process or other The process is formed above the optical sensing array of the fingerprint sensor 11112, and each microlens may correspond to one or more sensing units of the optical sensing array.
  • the optical film layer may be formed between the microlens layer and the optical sensing unit, and it may include at least one light blocking layer with microholes and a medium layer formed between the light blocking layer and the microlens layer and the optical sensor array, A passivation layer or a buffer layer, etc., in which at least one light blocking layer with a micro-hole adopts a specific optical design to make the micro-hole formed between its corresponding micro lens and the sensing unit, thereby limiting the receiving light path of the sensing unit.
  • the light blocking layer can block the optical interference between the adjacent microlens and the sensing unit, and the microlens condenses the received light into the microhole at a vertical or oblique specific angle and transmits it to the microhole through the microhole.
  • Sensor unit for optical fingerprint imaging can block the optical interference between the adjacent microlens and the sensing unit, and the microlens condenses the received light into the microhole at a vertical or oblique specific angle and transmits it to the microhole through the microhole.
  • the fingerprint identification module 1 in this embodiment may include a fingerprint sensor 11, a filter 12, and an optical element 13.
  • the fingerprint sensor 11, the optical element 13 and the filter 12 can be packaged in the same component to form the fingerprint identification module 1.
  • the filter 12 may be installed under the optical element 13 to form an optical assembly.
  • the filter 12 may be arranged between the optical element 13 and the fingerprint sensor 11, that is, after the fingerprint detection light reflected by the finger 4 passes through the OLED screen 3, it is first subjected to optical processing such as convergence or collimation by the optical element 13. Afterwards, the interference light is filtered by the filter 12, and then incident to the fingerprint sensor 11, so that the fingerprint sensor 11 obtains a clear and accurate fingerprint image.
  • the filter element can also be arranged in other parts.
  • the filter element can be made on the surface of any optical component of the fingerprint identification module 1, or arranged on the fingerprint formed by the reflection of the finger 4. The detection light is transmitted to the optical path of the fingerprint sensor 11.
  • the filter element may be disposed between the support plate 33 and the fingerprint sensor 11, or the filter element may be attached to the back of the display module 31, the front or back of the support plate 33, and other parts.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an under-screen fingerprint identification device provided in Embodiment 3 of the application;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of a detection light source corresponding to FIG. 3.
  • the detection light source 2 and the fingerprint identification module 1 can be arranged together under the display module 31 of the OLED screen 3.
  • a flexible circuit board 34 is provided on the side of the display module 31, for example, on the side of the display module 31 and under the protective cover 32.
  • the flexible circuit board 34 is connected to the display module 31 for An electrical signal is provided to the display module 31 to enable the display module 31 to display images.
  • the flexible circuit board 34 can be connected to the bottom edge area of the display module 31, that is, the flexible circuit board 34 is located at the chin part of the mobile phone.
  • the detection light source 2 can be integrated inside the fingerprint recognition module 1. It is understandable that for the fingerprint recognition module 1 packaged as a whole, the package structure of the fingerprint recognition module 1 should be able to correspond to the detection light source 2 The detection light emitted by the detection light source 2 is transmitted, so that the detection light is irradiated to the OLED screen 3 through the fingerprint identification module 1.
  • the detection light source 2 can also be provided separately. Specifically, the detection light source 2 can be provided on the periphery of the fingerprint identification module 1, and the light-emitting surface of the detection light source 2 faces the fingerprint detection area 111 on the OLED screen 3 to The light emitted by the detection light source 2 can be irradiated to the finger 4 above the fingerprint detection area 111 through the OLED screen 3.
  • the detection light source 2 Since the detection light source 2 is arranged on the periphery of the fingerprint recognition module 1, the detection light emitted by the detection light source 2 needs to pass through the support plate 33. For this reason, the area of the through hole 331 opened on the support plate 33 should be able to cover the fingerprint recognition module 1 and probe light.
  • only one through hole 331 may be opened on the support plate 33, and the through hole 331 has a relatively large cross-sectional area, and the fingerprint identification module 1 and the detection light source 2 are correspondingly located in the through hole 331
  • a plurality of through holes 331 are opened on the support plate 33, and the positions of each through hole 331 correspond to the fingerprint identification module 1 and the detection light source 2 respectively.
  • the detection light source 2 located under the display module 31 of the OLED screen 3 and arranged on the periphery of the fingerprint identification module 1, in order to make the layout of the fingerprint identification device under the screen more compact, in a possible implementation manner, the detection light source 2 is
  • the distance between the fingerprint identification modules 1 can be 2mm-10mm.
  • the distance between the detection light source 2 and the fingerprint identification module 1 is relatively close, which facilitates the design of the light-transmitting area of the display module 31 and facilitates the arrangement of other components in the electronic device.
  • the distance between the detection light source 2 and the fingerprint identification module 1 is 3 mm, 5 mm, 7 mm, or 9 mm.
  • the detection light source 2 is encapsulated inside the fingerprint recognition module 1, or the detection light source 2 is arranged outside the fingerprint recognition module 1, this embodiment does not limit the number of detection light sources 2.
  • the detection light source 2 can be one or more .
  • the luminous power of a single detection light source 2 can be set according to the power of the detection light required for fingerprint recognition, that is, the luminous power of a single detection light source 2.
  • the luminous power of a single detection light source 2 is relatively large, only one detection light source 2 can be set, or a single detection light source The luminous power of 2 is small, and more than two detection light sources 2 can be set.
  • multiple detection light sources 2 there are multiple, and multiple detection light sources 2 are arranged on the periphery of the fingerprint identification module 1.
  • multiple detection light sources 2 may be arranged in parallel in a row or a row, or multiple detection light sources 2 Distributed in the circumferential direction on the periphery of the fingerprint recognition module 1, and different detection light sources 2 are located in different positions of the fingerprint recognition module 1.
  • a plurality of detection light sources 2 may be linearly arranged along the width direction or the length direction of the OLED screen 3.
  • a plurality of detection light sources 2 can be arranged along the length direction of the OLED screen 3 on the left or right side of the fingerprint identification module 1, namely The multiple detection light sources 2 are correspondingly arranged on the left or right side of the fingerprint detection area 111; alternatively, the multiple detection light sources 2 may be arranged above or below the fingerprint identification module 1 along the width direction of the OLED screen 3.
  • the overall layout of the detection light source 2 and the fingerprint identification module 1 is also more compact, which facilitates the installation of the detection light source 2 and the fingerprint identification module 1 and facilitates the through holes 331 on the support plate 33 The setting of and the setting of the light-transmitting area for transmitting the detection light in the display module 31.
  • the distance between adjacent detection light sources 2 may be equal.
  • the distance between adjacent detection light sources 2 can be equal, so that the arrangement of the detection light sources 2 is more regular, and the multiple detection light sources 2 can be packaged in an overall structure with four LED lights.
  • the four LED lamp beads can be arranged on a light bar at equal intervals.
  • the distance between the detection light source 2 and the fingerprint identification module 1 is better controlled, and the fingerprint identification module 1 can be set In any part below the display module 31, the position of the detection light source 2 can be set according to the position of the fingerprint identification module 1, so that the setting of the fingerprint identification device under the screen is more flexible.
  • the detection light source 2 since the detection light source 2 is arranged under the display module 31, the detection light emitted by the detection light source 2 needs to pass through the display module 31.
  • the OLED screen 3 When the OLED screen 3 is in the bright screen state, the invisible light emitted by the detection light source 2 is used.
  • the detection light is used as the excitation light for fingerprint recognition, in order to avoid the influence of the current of the pixel points of the display module 31 due to the excessive luminous power of the detection light source 2, and prevent the detection light power from being too large to activate the pixel point control circuit, In this embodiment, the power of the single detection light source 2 can be controlled in a small range to avoid affecting the pixels of the display module 31.
  • the OLED screen 3 uses the invisible detection light emitted by the detection light source 2 as the excitation light for fingerprint recognition in the black screen state, since the control circuit of the pixel points of the OLED screen 3 is turned off, the detection light emits light. The power has no effect on the pixels of the OLED screen 3.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another under-screen fingerprint identification device provided in Embodiment 4 of the application;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the detection light source corresponding to FIG. 5.
  • the difference between the detection light source 2 and the fingerprint recognition module 1 in the third embodiment is that the detection light source 2 and the fingerprint recognition module 1 are installed under the display module 31 together.
  • the detection light source 2 can be installed in the display module.
  • the group 31 is laterally and located below the edge area of the protective cover 32.
  • the detection light source 2 is arranged on the side of the display module 31 and below the edge area of the protective cover 32.
  • the detection light source 2 can be arranged at the bottom of the mobile phone. That is, it is located in the non-display area of the chin of the mobile phone, so as to realize the way of lighting the chin.
  • the detection light source 2 By setting the detection light source 2 under the edge area of the protective cover 32, the detection light source 2 is set at a certain light-emitting angle or guided by the light path, so that the detection light emitted by it can be irradiated to the fingerprint detection only by passing through the protective cover 32
  • the finger 4 above the area 111 has a shorter light transmission path, and since the light transmittance of the protective cover 32 is better, the utilization rate of light is higher.
  • the detection light irradiates the finger 4, the transmission path of the light only passes through the protective cover 32, no matter whether the OLED screen 3 is in a bright screen state or a black screen state, the detection light has no effect on the pixel point control circuit of the display module 31 In any state, the OLED screen 3 can use the detection light emitted by the detection light source 2 as the excitation light for fingerprint recognition, and there is no excessive limitation on the luminous power of the detection light source 2.
  • the detection light source 2 is directly arranged under the protective cover 32, and the detection light source 2 is limited to the space on the side of the display module 31, in order to meet the requirement that the detection light emitted by the detection light source 2 can irradiate the fingerprint detection area 111 Finger 4, and the fingerprint detection light formed by the reflection of the finger 4 can be transmitted to the fingerprint recognition module 1.
  • the distance between the fingerprint recognition module 1 and the side edge of the protective cover 32 corresponding to the detection light source 2 can be Less than or equal to 15mm.
  • the detection light source 2 Since the detection light source 2 is arranged below the edge area of the protective cover 32, and the detection light emitted by the detection light source 2 should pass through the protective cover 32 and irradiate to the finger 4 above the fingerprint detection area 111, in order to meet the requirement that the detection light can be irradiated to the fingerprint detection Area 111.
  • the distance between the fingerprint detection area 111 and the edge of the protective cover 32 should be relatively close.
  • the distance between the fingerprint identification module 1 and the edge of the protective cover 32 should also be relatively close, so that the detection light can reach The finger 4 above the fingerprint detection area 111 and the fingerprint detection light reflected by the finger 4 can be transmitted to the fingerprint identification module 1.
  • the distance between the fingerprint identification module 1 and the edge of the protective cover 32 should be less than or equal to 15 mm. It can be understood that the edge of the protective cover 32 here refers to the edge of the protective cover 32 and the detection light source 2 Corresponding side edge.
  • the detection light emitted by the detection light source 2 is invisible light.
  • the back of the protective cover 32 A light-transmitting film layer 35 may be provided corresponding to the edge area of the detection light source 2, and the light-transmitting film layer 35 is used to transmit the detection light.
  • the light-transmitting film layer 35 can transmit the invisible detection light emitted by the detection light source 2, for example, detection The light is infrared light, and the light-transmitting film layer 35 may be a film layer capable of transmitting infrared light. In this way, it is easier for the detection light to pass through the light-transmitting film layer 35 to irradiate the protective cover 32. At the same time, the light-transmitting film layer 35 can prevent the light of other wavelength bands except the detection light from passing through, so it can effectively filter out the interference light. Improve the transmission efficiency of the detection light, and improve the efficiency and accuracy of fingerprint recognition.
  • the number and arrangement of the detection light sources 2 are the same as in the third embodiment. This embodiment has no specific limitation on the number and arrangement of the detection light sources 2 arranged under the edge area of the protective cover 32.
  • the number of the detection light sources 2 can be It is one or more.
  • the detection light sources 2 may have multiple arrangements such as linear arrangement, multi-row distribution, or circular arrangement, and the distance between adjacent detection light sources 2 may be the same or different.
  • the detection light source 2 is arranged in the non-display area on the side of the display device, for example, the detection light source 2 is located in the non-display area at the bottom of the mobile phone.
  • the multiple detection light sources 2 can be arranged in a straight line along the width direction of the mobile phone.
  • the detection light source 2 may be arranged on the outer side of the flexible circuit board 34, for example, attached to the outer surface of the flexible circuit board 34.
  • FIG. 7 is a flow chart of the steps of the fingerprint identification method provided in the fifth embodiment of this application;
  • FIG. 8 is a control flow chart of the fingerprint identification method provided in the fifth embodiment of this application.
  • this embodiment provides a fingerprint identification method, and the fingerprint identification method provided in this embodiment is used in the off-screen fingerprint identification device provided in Embodiments 1 to 4.
  • the fingerprint identification method includes the following steps:
  • the environment information of the OLED screen 3 is acquired, and the environment information includes the current lighting environment and the light-emitting state of the OLED screen.
  • the electronic device when fingerprint recognition is required, illuminates the finger above the OLED screen 3 to provide excitation light or detection light required for fingerprint recognition.
  • the electronic device illuminates the finger above the OLED screen 3 to provide excitation light or detection light required for fingerprint recognition.
  • the electronic device illuminates the finger above the OLED screen 3 to provide excitation light or detection light required for fingerprint recognition.
  • these two methods can be performed separately, that is, when fingerprint recognition is performed, the visible light emitted by the OLED pixels of the OLED screen 3 located in the fingerprint detection area 111 can be used for separate screen lighting, or the invisible light emitted by the detection light source 2 can be used.
  • the detection light performs a separate external fill light.
  • these two methods can be performed at the same time, that is, when fingerprint recognition is performed, the visible light emitted by the OLED pixels of the OLED screen 3 located in the fingerprint detection area 111 and the invisible detection light emitted by the detection light source 2 can be used for fingerprint recognition at the same time.
  • the detection light source 2 is used as the excitation light for fingerprint recognition, that is, whether the detection light needs to be irradiated to the finger 4 above the fingerprint detection area 111 through the OLED screen 3.
  • the environmental information of the OLED screen 3 includes the lighting environment and the light-emitting state of the screen.
  • the lighting environment is the lighting condition of the environment where the OLED screen 3 is located.
  • the lighting environment may include bright light environment and dark light environment.
  • the bright light environment is daylight or night light. Ample indoors and other conditions with good ambient light brightness, low-light environments can include night or insufficient light conditions.
  • the light environment can be determined by detecting the current ambient light intensity to determine whether it is currently in a bright light environment or a dark light environment. As an optional embodiment, it can also be determined by obtaining current system time information. Whether it is in the day or night, and combined with the detected ambient light intensity to determine the current specific lighting environment information.
  • the screen light-emitting state refers to the working state or light-emitting state of the OLED screen 3 itself.
  • the screen light-emitting state may include the OLED screen 3 being in a bright screen state or a black screen state.
  • the OLED screen select at least one of the visible light emitted by the OLED pixel located in the fingerprint detection area of the OLED screen and the invisible detection light emitted by the detection light source as the excitation light for fingerprint recognition, and use the excitation light to illuminate To the finger above the fingerprint detection area.
  • the detection light source 2 According to the environmental information of the OLED screen 3 at the time, it is determined that the first preset condition is met and the detection light source 2 needs to emit detection light as the excitation light for fingerprint recognition, then the detection light source 2 is turned on, and the detection light source 2 emits light to generate invisible detection light , The detection light is irradiated to the finger 4 above the fingerprint detection area 111 through the OLED screen 3.
  • controlling the detection light source to emit detection light according to the environmental information of the OLED screen 3 may specifically include:
  • the environmental information of the OLED screen 3 includes the lighting environment and the light-emitting state of the screen. In this embodiment, it is determined whether it is necessary to detect the detection light emitted by the light source 2 according to the light-emitting environment of the OLED screen 3 and the light-emitting state of the screen. Whether the lighting environment is a dark light environment and whether the light-emitting state of the screen is a black screen state, to determine whether the first preset condition is currently met, to determine whether the detection light source 2 needs to be used to generate the detection light.
  • the OLED screen 3 when performing fingerprint recognition, that is, when the finger 4 is pressed above the fingerprint detection area 111, if the OLED screen 3 is in a dark light environment and the OLED screen 3 is in a black screen state, it can be determined that the first preset condition is currently met and the detection light source 2 needs to be turned on. , With the detection light emitted by the detection light source 2 for external lighting.
  • the OLED screen 3 If the OLED screen 3 is not in the above state, that is, the OLED screen 3 satisfies at least one of the bright light environment or the OLED screen 3 is in the bright screen state, it can be determined that the second preset condition is currently met without the detection light source 2 being turned on. The visible light emitted by the screen 3 itself performs screen lighting.
  • determining whether the light environment is a dark light environment may include:
  • the detection light source 2 needs to be turned on to generate detection light.
  • the intensity of the ambient light where the OLED screen is currently located is detected, and whether the lighting environment is a dark light environment is determined according to the ambient light intensity, and combined with whether the OLED screen 3 is in a bright screen state or is In the black screen state, it is specifically determined whether the detection light source 2 needs to be turned on.
  • the current system time of the electronic device is daytime, but the OLED screen 3 is in a dark environment, or the OLED screen 3 is blocked by light blocking objects. At this time, the ambient light intensity of the OLED screen 3 is weak, which can be determined as In a low light environment, it is still necessary to turn on the detection light source.
  • an ambient light sensor can be installed in the electronic device equipped with the OLED screen 3, and the ambient light intensity can be measured by the ambient light sensor.
  • the OLED screen 3 is indeed in a dark light environment.
  • the detection light source 2 is turned on. Emitting invisible detection light as excitation light for fingerprint recognition can effectively reduce the brightness of the light spot formed in the fingerprint detection area 111 and improve the user experience effect.
  • the OLED screen 3 When the system time of the electronic device where the OLED screen 3 is located is night, but the OLED screen 3 is illuminated by an external light source, the OLED screen 3 is equivalent to being in a bright light environment. At this time, turning on the detection light source 2 to emit detection light can also be achieved Fingerprint collection.
  • this embodiment provides an under-screen fingerprint identification system.
  • the under-screen fingerprint identification system includes an OLED screen 3 and the under-screen fingerprint identification device described in Embodiments 1 to 4.
  • the under-screen fingerprint recognition device includes a fingerprint recognition module 1 and a detection light source 2, and the detection light emitted by the detection light source 2 is invisible light, for example, the detection light is infrared light.
  • the OLED screen 3 includes a display module 31 and a protective cover 32 covering the display module 31.
  • the detection light source 2 and the fingerprint recognition module 1 may be arranged under the display module 31 together, or the detection light source 2 may be arranged on the side of the display module 31 and under the edge area of the protective cover 32.
  • the detection light source 2 can emit invisible light.
  • the detection light source 2 can be turned on, and the detection light emitted by the detection light source 2 can be used to illuminate the OLED screen 3 Finger 4 above the fingerprint detection area 111. Since the detection light is invisible light, the brightness of the light spot formed in the fingerprint detection area 111 can be effectively reduced, and the user experience effect can be improved.
  • the under-screen fingerprint identification system includes an OLED screen and an under-screen fingerprint identification device.
  • the detection light source is set under the OLED screen, and the detection light emitted by the detection light source is invisible light.
  • the OLED screen is in a dark light environment and is When the screen is black, the detection light source can emit invisible detection light to illuminate the finger above the fingerprint detection area of the OLED screen, so the brightness of the light spot formed in the fingerprint detection area can be reduced, and no dazzling light spot will be formed, so in a dark environment It will not cause discomfort to human eyes and can improve user experience.
  • this embodiment provides an electronic device, which includes the under-screen fingerprint identification device described in any one of the first to fourth embodiments.
  • the electronic device may include an OLED screen 3 and an under-screen fingerprint recognition device, where the OLED screen 3 includes a display module 31 and a protective cover 32 covering the display module 31; the under-screen fingerprint recognition device includes a fingerprint recognition module 1 and The detection light source 2 detects that the detection light emitted by the light source 2 is invisible light.
  • the fingerprint identification module 1 is arranged under the display module 31, and the detection light source 2 can be arranged under the display module 31 together with the fingerprint identification module 1, or the detection The light source 2 is arranged on the side of the display module 31 and below the edge area of the protective cover 32.
  • the electronic device may specifically be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a notebook computer, a digital camera, a navigator, a fingerprint lock and other electronic products or components including an OLED screen 3.
  • the electronic device based on the under-screen fingerprint identification system of the OLED screen 3 can obtain the user's fingerprint information, and can further perform fingerprint matching verification to complete the current user's identity verification, so as to confirm whether it has the authority to The electronic device performs the corresponding operation.

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Abstract

一种屏下指纹识别装置及***、指纹识别方法和电子装置，屏下指纹识别装置适用于具有自发光显示屏幕（3）的电子装置，屏下指纹识别装置的指纹检测区域（111）至少部分位于自发光显示屏幕（3）的显示区域内；屏下指纹识别装置包括指纹识别模组（1）和检测光源（2），指纹识别模组（1）设置在自发光显示屏幕（3）下方，检测光源（2）用于提供非可见的探测光，探测光和自发光显示屏幕（2）发出的可见光中的至少一者照射至指纹检测区域（111）上方的手指（4），以形成携带有指纹信息的指纹检测光；指纹识别模组（1）用于接收指纹检测光以采集指纹图像。其可以解决指纹识别时由于自发光显示屏幕光斑刺眼影响人眼舒适度的问题，提升用户体验效果。

Description

屏下指纹识别装置及***、指纹识别方法和电子装置 技术领域
本申请涉及指纹识别技术领域，尤其涉及一种屏下指纹识别装置及***、指纹识别方法和电子装置。
背景技术
指纹识别已经成为大部分手机、平板电脑等移动终端都配备的功能。随着智能手机进入全面屏时代，手机的屏占比越来越大，屏下指纹识别技术顺势成为潮流。
目前，应用于有机发光二极管(Organic Light-Emitting Diode，简称OLED)屏幕的屏下光学指纹识别技术已经进入商用时代。采用OLED屏幕的移动终端利用自发光显示单元作为光源进行屏幕打光，OLED屏幕在指纹检测区域的自发光显示单元发出的光线形成光斑照射至屏幕上方的手指上形成指纹检测光，指纹检测光返回并透过OLED屏幕之后，被OLED屏幕下方的光学指纹传感器接收，通过光学指纹传感器实现指纹图像采集，以进一步实现指纹识别。其中，为了提高指纹识别效率和减少曝光时间，在屏幕打光状态下，OLED屏幕中用于形成上述光斑的自发光显示单元通常工作在高亮模式(HBM)，此时OLED屏幕的光斑亮度可高达1000nit以上。
然而，由于采用屏幕打光的方式，形成的光斑亮度很高，在夜晚等黑暗环境，如果OLED屏幕处于黑屏的情况下，光斑非常刺眼，影响人眼舒适度。
发明内容
本申请提供一种屏下指纹识别装置及***、指纹识别方法和电子装置，可以解决指纹识别时由于自发光显示屏幕光斑刺眼影响人眼舒适度的问题，提升用户体验效果。
第一方面，本申请提供一种屏下指纹识别装置，适用于具有自发光显示 屏幕的电子装置，屏下指纹识别装置的指纹检测区域至少部分位于自发光显示屏幕的显示区域内；
屏下指纹识别装置包括指纹识别模组和检测光源，指纹识别模组设置在自发光显示屏幕下方，检测光源用于提供非可见的探测光，探测光和自发光显示屏幕的部分自发光显示像素发出的可见光中的至少一者可以根据当前自发光显示屏幕的环境信息作为用于指纹识别的激励光并照射至指纹检测区域上方的手指，以在手指形成携带有指纹信息的指纹检测光；指纹识别模组用于接收携带有指纹信息的指纹检测光，以采集手指的指纹图像。
在本申请的一种具体实施方式中，自发光显示屏幕的环境信息包括自发光显示屏幕当前所处的光照环境和自发光显示屏幕的发光状态。
在本申请的一种具体实施方式中，自发光显示屏幕和检测光源用于被控制在不同环境条件下分时地向自发光显示屏幕上方的手指进行打光，其中环境条件与自发光显示屏幕的环境信息有关。
在本申请的一种具体实施方式中，在当前自发光显示屏幕的环境信息满足第一预设条件时，检测光源用于提供非可见的探测光作为指纹识别的激励光，并照射到自发光显示屏幕上方的手指以产生指纹检测光。
在本申请的一种具体实施方式中，第一预设条件为当前自发光显示屏幕处于暗光环境且当前自发光显示屏幕处于黑屏状态。
在本申请的一种具体实施方式中，在当前自发光显示屏幕的环境信息满足第二预设条件时，自发光显示屏幕位于指纹检测区域的自发光显示像素被驱动以高亮光斑，高亮光斑用于作为指纹识别的激励光，并照射到自发光显示屏幕上方的手指以产生指纹检测光。
在本申请的一种具体实施方式中，第二预设条件为当前自发光显示屏幕处于亮光环境或者当前自发光显示屏幕处于亮屏状态。
在本申请的一种具体实施方式中，自发光显示屏幕为OLED屏幕，且自发光像素单元为OLED屏幕位于指纹检测区域的OLED像素单元。
在本申请的一种具体实施方式中，检测光源为红外光源，且检测光源发出的探测光为红外光，红外光的波长范围为850nm-940nm。
在本申请的一种具体实施方式中，OLED屏幕包括显示模组和覆盖显示模组的保护盖板。
在本申请的一种具体实施方式中，检测光源与指纹识别模组一起设置在显示模组的下方。
在本申请的一种具体实施方式中，检测光源集成在指纹识别模组的内部。
在本申请的一种具体实施方式中，检测光源设置在指纹识别模组的***，且检测光源与指纹识别模组之间的间距为2mm-10mm。
在本申请的一种具体实施方式中，检测光源设置在显示模组侧方，并与显示模组并排设置在保护盖板的下方，其中检测光源位于保护盖板的边缘区域下方，用于通过保护盖板向OLED屏幕上方的手指发出探测光。
在本申请的一种具体实施方式中，指纹识别模组与保护盖板的对应检测光源的一侧边缘之间的间距小于或等于15mm。
在本申请的一种具体实施方式中，保护盖板背面对应检测光源的边缘区域设置有透光膜层，透光膜层用于透过探测光。
在本申请的一种具体实施方式中，指纹识别模组包括指纹传感器和滤光件，指纹传感器用于接收指纹检测光以获取手指的指纹信息，滤光件设置在指纹传感器的入光侧，滤光件为具有第一透过波段和第二透过波段的双通滤光件，其中第一透过波段与自发光显示屏幕的自发光显示像素发出的可见光波段相对应，第二透过波段与检测光源发出的探测光波段相对应，滤光件用于滤除探测光和可见光之外的干扰光。
在本申请的一种具体实施方式中，指纹识别模组还包括光学元件，光学元件设置在指纹传感器的入光侧，用于将透过自发光显示屏幕的指纹检测光引导或汇聚到指纹传感器。
第二方面，本申请提供一种屏下指纹识别***，屏下指纹识别***包括自发光显示屏幕和如上所述的屏下指纹识别装置，屏下指纹识别装置用于设置在自发光显示屏幕下方以实现屏下光学指纹检测。
第三方面，本申请提供一种指纹识别方法，适用于屏下指纹识别装置，屏下指纹识别装置设置在自发光显示屏幕的下方，指纹识别方法包括：
获取自发光显示屏幕的环境信息，环境信息包括当前光照环境和自发光显示屏幕的发光状态；
根据自发光显示屏幕的环境信息，选择自发光显示屏幕位于指纹检测区域的自发光显示像素发出的可见光和检测光源发出的非可见的探测光中的至 少一个作为用于指纹识别的激励光，并利用激励光照射至指纹检测区域上方的手指；
接收手指被激励光照射而形成的携带有手指的指纹信息的指纹检测光，并基于指纹检测光采集手指的指纹图像。
在本申请的一种具体实施方式中，自发光显示屏幕和检测光源用于被控制在不同环境条件下分时地向自发光显示屏幕上方的手指进行打光，其中环境条件与自发光显示屏幕的环境信息有关。
在本申请的一种具体实施方式中，根据自发光显示屏幕的环境信息，选择自发光显示屏幕位于指纹检测区域的自发光显示像素发出的可见光和检测光源发出的非可见的探测光中的至少一个作为用于指纹识别的激励光，包括：
判断当前自发光显示屏幕的环境信息是否满足第一预设条件，其中第一预设条件为当前自发光显示屏幕处于暗光环境且当前自发光显示屏幕处于黑屏状态；
在满足第一预设条件时，控制检测光源发出非可见的探测光来作为指纹识别的激励光，并将激励光照射到自发光显示屏幕上方的手指以产生指纹检测光。
在本申请的一种具体实施方式中，根据自发光显示屏幕的环境信息，选择自发光显示屏幕位于指纹检测区域的自发光显示像素发出的可见光和检测光源发出的非可见的探测光中的至少一个作为用于指纹识别的激励光，还包括：
判断当前自发光显示屏幕的环境信息是否满足第二预设条件，其中第二预设条件为当前自发光显示屏幕处于亮光环境或者当前自发光显示屏幕处于亮屏状态；
在满足第二预设条件时，控制自发光显示屏幕位于指纹检测区域的自发光显示像素发光以显示一个高亮光斑；
将高亮光斑发出的可见光作为指纹识别的激励光，并照射到自发光显示屏幕上方的手指以产生指纹检测光。
在本申请的一种具体实施方式中，判断当前自发光显示屏幕的环境信息是否满足第一预设条件，包括：
判断自发光显示屏幕所在的电子装置的***时间是否为夜间；
若是，则直接确定当前自发光显示屏幕处于暗光环境；
否则，检测自发光显示屏幕当前所处的环境光强度，根据环境光强度，判断当前自发光显示屏幕是否处于暗光环境。
第四方面，本申请提供一种电子装置，电子装置包括如上所述的屏下指纹识别***。
本申请提供的屏下指纹识别装置及***、指纹识别方法和电子装置，通过在自发光显示屏幕下方设置检测光源，且检测光源提供的探测光为非可见光，并根据自发光显示屏幕的环境信息，选择探测光和自发光显示屏幕的部分自发光显示像素发出的可见光中的至少一者作为用于指纹识别的激励光；在自发光显示屏幕处于暗光环境且为黑屏状态时，可以通过检测光源发出非可见的探测光照射至自发光显示屏幕的指纹检测区域上方的手指，因而可以降低在指纹检测区域形成的光斑的亮度，不会形成刺眼的光斑，因而在黑暗环境下不会对人眼造成不适，可以提高用户体验效果。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施例。对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请实施例一提供的一种屏下指纹识别装置所适用的OLED屏幕的正面示意图；
图2为本申请实施例一提供的屏下指纹识别装置的安装示意图；
图3为本申请实施例三提供的一种屏下指纹识别装置的结构示意图；
图4为图3对应的检测光源的设置示意图；
图5为本申请实施例四提供的另一种屏下指纹识别装置的结构示意图；
图6为图5对应的检测光源的设置示意图；
图7为本申请实施例五提供的指纹识别补光方法的步骤流程图；
图8为本申请实施例五提供的一种指纹识别方法的控制流程图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的屏下指纹识别装置可以适用的电子装置的正面示意图；
图10为图9所示的电子装置的剖面示意图。
附图标记说明：
1、130-指纹识别模组；11-指纹传感器；111a、103-指纹检测区域；12-滤光件；13-光学元件；2-检测光源；3-OLED屏幕；31-显示模组；32-保护盖板；33-支撑板；331-通孔；34-柔性电路板；35-透光膜层；4、140-手指；
10-电子装置；111-激励光；120-显示屏；131-光学感应单元；132-光学组件；133-光学感应阵列；134-光学指纹传感器；141-脊；142-谷；151-来自指纹脊的指纹检测光；152-来自指纹谷的指纹检测光。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
下面以具体地实施例对本申请的技术方案进行详细说明。下面这几个具体的实施例可以相互结合，对于相同或相似的概念或过程可能在某些实施例中不再赘述。
目前，OLED屏幕和液晶显示器(Liquid Crystal Display，LCD)屏幕分别是在智能移动终端等电子装置中应用较为广泛的自发光显示屏幕和非自发光显示屏幕。其中，OLED屏幕属于一种电流型的有机发光器件，其可以通过显示驱动模块来控制每一个显示单元(又称为显示像素)分别进行独立发光。采用OLED屏幕的电子装置可以实现屏下光学指纹检测，以使得指纹检测区域位于OLED屏幕的显示区域之中。
在一些实施例中，光学指纹传感器可以设置在OLED屏幕下方，OLED屏幕的自发光显示像素可以被利用作为指纹激励光源进行屏幕打光，具体地，OLED屏幕中位于指纹检测区域的自发光显示像素被驱动发光从而在指纹检测区域显示一个光斑，其发射的光线作为用于指纹识别的激励光照射到OLED屏幕上方的手指上，并经过手指散射、反射或者透射之后，形成携带有手指指纹信息的指纹检测光，该指纹检测光返回到OLED屏幕并透过OLED 屏幕传输到下方的光学指纹传感器，光学指纹传感器可以接收该指纹检测光并将指纹检测光转换为相应的电信号，从而实现指纹图像采集。
一般来说，为了提高指纹识别效率，减少曝光时间，采用上述屏幕打光方式进行屏下光学指纹检测，通常指纹检测区域的自发光显示像素需要工作在高亮模式(HBM)，例如，自发光显示像素显示的光斑的最高亮度可达到1000nit以上。
在白天等光线较好的环境下，上述屏幕打光方式形成的光斑亮度与环境的光线亮度差别不大，因而光斑不会对人眼造成不适；但在黑夜或光线较暗的室内，如果OLED屏幕在黑屏的状态下进行指纹解锁时，OLED屏幕显示的光斑非常刺眼，会令人眼感到不适，影响用户体验效果。
有鉴于此，本申请实施例提供一种屏下指纹识别装置及***、指纹识别方法和电子装置，以减弱指纹识别时产生的光斑亮度，提高用户体验效果。
下面将结合附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行描述。
本申请实施例的屏下指纹识别装置及***、指纹识别方法可以应用于各种电子装置，例如，智能手机、笔记本电脑、平板电脑、游戏设备等便携式或移动计算设备，本申请实施例对此并不限定。
图9和图10示出了本申请实施例可以适用的电子装置的示意图。其中，图9为电子装置10的正面示意图，图10为图9所示的电子装置10的剖面示意图。请参见图9和图10，该电子装置10可以包括显示屏120和指纹识别模组130。
其中，显示屏120可以为自发光显示屏幕，其采用具有自发光显示单元作为显示像素，比如可以为有机发光二极管(Organic Light-Emitting Diode，OLED)屏幕或者微型发光二极管(Micro-LED)显示屏幕，二者分别采用可以独立控制发光的OLED显示像素或者微型LED显示像素来进行画面显示。进一步地，显示屏120还可以具体为触控显示屏，其不仅可以进行画面显示，还可以检测用户的触摸或者按压操作，从而为用户提供一个人机交互界面。比如，在一种实施例中，电子装置10可以包括触摸传感器，该触摸传感器可以具体为触控面板(Touch Panel,TP)，其可以设置在显示屏120表面，也可以部分集成或者整体集成到显示屏120内 部，从而形成所述触控显示屏。
指纹识别模组130包括光学指纹传感器，光学指纹传感器包括具有多个光学感应单元131(也可以称为光学感应像素、感光像素或像素单元等)的光学感应阵列133(也可称为感应像素阵列或像素单元阵列等)。光学感应阵列133的感光区域(也称为感应区域)对应于指纹识别模组130的指纹检测区域103(也称为指纹采集区域、指纹识别区域等)。光学感应单元131可以包括光探测器(Photo detector)，即光学感应阵列133具体可以包括光探测器阵列，其包括多个呈阵列式分布的光探测器。
指纹识别模组130设置在显示屏120下方的局部区域，并且，指纹识别模组130的指纹检测区域103可以位于显示屏120的至少部分显示区域之中。当用户需要对电子装置10进行解锁或者其他指纹验证的时候，只需要将手指按压在位于显示屏120的指纹检测区域103，便可以实现指纹输入。
更具体地，请参见图10，指纹模组130可以包括光学指纹传感器134和光学组件132。光学指纹传感器134包括上述光学感应阵列133以及与光学感应阵列133电性连接的读取电路及其他功能电路，光学感应阵列133和上述电路可以通过半导体工艺制作在一个芯片(Die)，以形成光学指纹传感器134。所述光学组件132可以设置在所述光检测部分134的光学感应阵列133的上方，其可以具体包括滤光层(Filter)、导光层或光路引导结构以及其他光学元件，所述滤光层可以用于滤除穿透手指的环境光或者其他干扰光，所述导光层或光路引导结构主要用于将在所述显示屏120上方的手指形成的并穿过所述显示屏120返回的指纹检测光导引至所述光学感应阵列133进行光学检测以实现指纹图像采集，其中所述指纹检测光可以是指纹激励光源发射的激励光照射到所述显示屏120上方的手指，并在所述手指发生反射、散射或者透射而形成的携带有所述手指指纹信息的光信号。
在本申请的一些实施例中，所述光学组件132可以与所述光检测部分134制作在同一个光学指纹部件，所述光学组件132的光路引导结构和滤光层可以制作在所述光学指纹传感器134的表面；也可以将所述光学组件132作为分立部件设置在所述光学指纹传感器134上方。在其他替代实施 例中，将所述光学组件132的部分元件集成在上述芯片之中。
如图10所示，作为一种具体实施例中，所述显示屏120为具有自发光显示像素的自发光显示屏幕，以OLED屏幕为例，所述指纹识别模组130可以利用所述OLED屏幕位于所述指纹检测区域103的自发光显示单元(即OLED显示像素)作为指纹激励光源。当手指140按压在所述指纹检测区域103时，所述位于所述指纹检测区域103的OLED显示像素被驱动工作在高亮模式，从而在所述指纹检测区域103显示一个具有足够亮度的光斑，并通过所述光斑向的所述OLED屏幕上方的手指140发出激励光111，所述激励光111照射到所述手指140，并在所述手指140发生反射、散射或者透射从而在形成相应的反射光、散射光或者透射光；所述反射光、散射光或者透射光携带有所述手指140指纹信息，因此在相关专利申请中，上述反射光、散射光或者透射光统称为指纹检测光。由于指纹的脊(ridge)141与谷(valley)142对于光的反射、散射或者透射能力不同，因此，来自指纹脊的指纹检测光151和来自指纹谷的指纹检测光152具有不同的光强。所述指纹检测光经过光学组件132的光路引导和必要的光学处理之后传输到所述光学指纹传感器134的光学感应阵列133进行光学指纹成像，并转换为相应的电信号，即指纹图像信号。所述指纹图像信号可以用来获得所述手指140的指纹图像数据，并且可以进一步进行指纹匹配验证，从而在电子装置10实现光学指纹识别功能。
在本申请提供的实施例中，所述屏下指纹识别装置及***还可以包括额外的检测光源，所述检测光源为独立于所述OLED屏幕的补光光源，比如红外光源或者其他非可见光源，其可以被控制在预设条件下向所述OLED屏幕上方的手指140发射非可见的探测光来作为用于指纹识别的激励光。具体地，所述检测光源和所述OLED屏幕的自发光显示像素可以被控制在不同的环境条件下分时对手指进行打光，比如在满足第一预设条件下，利用所述检测光源向所述OLED屏幕上方的手指进行外部打光，而在满足第二预设条件下，利用所述OLED屏幕的自发光显示像素显示光斑来对手指进行屏幕打光。其中，所述第一预设条件和所述第二预设条件可以与所述OLED屏幕的环境信息相关，所述OLED屏幕的环境信息可以包括光照环境和屏幕发光状态；比如，所述第一预设条件可以为当前处于暗光环境且所述OLED屏幕处于黑屏 状态，而所述第二预设条件可以为当前处于亮光环境或者所述OLED屏幕处于亮屏状态。
在满足所述第一预设条件时，所述检测光源发出的探测光可以通过OLED屏幕120照射到其上方的手指140，与采用所述OLED屏幕的自发光显示像素作为激励光源类似，所述检测光源发出的探测光照射到所述手指140之后可以在所述手指140形成与所述探测光相对应的指纹检测光，且所述指纹检测光进一步穿过所述OLED屏幕传输到其下方的指纹识别模组130以进行光学指纹成像。
实施例一
图1为本申请实施例一提供的一种屏下指纹识别装置所适用的OLED屏幕的正面示意图；图2为本申请实施例一提供的屏下指纹识别装置的安装示意图。
如图1和图2所示，本实施例提供一种屏下指纹识别装置，该屏下指纹识别装置应用在具有OLED屏幕3的电子装置中。其中，屏下指纹识别装置为光学指纹识别装置，可以应用在智能手机、平板电脑以及其他采用OLED屏幕3的移动终端等电子装置中。
如图1所示，OLED屏幕3上具有指纹检测区域111，可以理解的是，由于本实施例的屏下指纹识别装置为光学指纹识别装置，因而指纹检测区域111的至少部分检测区域应当位于OLED屏幕3的显示区域内。
当手指4位于OLED屏幕3的显示区域内的指纹检测区域111上时，用于指纹识别的激励光可照射至指纹检测区域111上方的手指4，以使手指4被照亮的部分形成指纹检测光，指纹检测光透过OLED屏幕3被屏下指纹识别装置接收和识别。
在一些实施例中，指纹检测区域111可以全部位于OLED屏幕3的显示区域内，这样用于指纹识别的激励光可以照亮整个指纹检测区域111，整个指纹检测区域111内的手指4的指纹部分均可被照亮，且在整个指纹检测区域111内的手指4形成的指纹检测光均可透过OLED屏幕3被屏下指纹识别装置接收，这样屏下指纹识别装置可以采集到更完整的指纹图像，可以提高屏下指纹识别装置的识别效率和识别准确度。
因此，OLED屏幕3的显示区域可以扩展至覆盖整个电子装置的正面，以满足高屏占比的全面屏需求。其中，指纹检测区域111可以设置在OLED屏幕3的显示区域内的任意位置，可以根据实际需求来设置指纹检测区域111的位置。
相对应地，指纹识别模组1可以根据指纹检测区域111的位置进行设置，以使得指纹识别模组1的感应区域覆盖指纹检测区域111，由此，指纹识别模组1便可以采集到在手指按压在指纹检测区域111的部分的指纹图像。
具体的，如图2所示，屏下指纹识别装置包括指纹识别模组1指纹识别模组1可以设置在OLED屏幕3的下方，用于指纹识别的激励光照射至OLED屏幕3的指纹检测区域111上方的手指4并在手指4形成指纹检测光，该指纹检测光携带有指纹信息。指纹检测光透过OLED屏幕3传输至OLED屏幕3下方的指纹识别模组1，指纹识别模组1接收该指纹检测光，以采集手指4的指纹图像，指纹图像可以进一步用于进行识别以对用户进行身份认证。
在一种具体实施方式中，可以利用OLED屏幕3的自发光像素单元(即OLED像素单元)发出的可见光作为指纹识别的激励光。OLED屏幕3自身可以被驱动发出可见光以显示画面，在进行指纹识别时，当用户的手指4放置在OLED屏幕3的指纹检测区域111上方，OLED屏幕3位于所述指纹检测区域111的OLED像素单元可以被控制以高亮模式发光从而显示一个光斑，所述光斑发出的可见光照射至指纹检测区域111上的手指4，手指4对OLED屏幕3的可见光进行反射或散射形成携带有手指4的指纹信息的指纹检测光，指纹检测光透过OLED屏幕3传输至指纹识别模组1，指纹识别模组1接收指纹检测光以采集手指4的指纹图像，指纹图像可以进一步用于进行识别以对用户进行身份认证。
如此，通过OLED屏幕3发出的可见光作为指纹识别的激励光，可以不用另外设置用于指纹识别的补光光源，通过OLED屏幕3照亮指纹检测区域111上方的手指4即可实现指纹采集。
但在采用OLED屏幕3的OLED像素单元发出的可见光作为指纹识别的激励光时，为了提高指纹识别的效率、减少曝光时间，往往需要在指纹检测区域111的OLED像素单元工作在高亮模式以形成高亮光斑。对于在白天等亮光环境下进行指纹识别，光斑的亮度与环境光亮度差别不大；但在黑夜等 暗光环境下，若对黑屏状态的电子装置进行指纹解锁，高亮光斑由于亮度很高会非常刺眼，会对人眼造成不适。
在暗光环境下对黑屏的电子装置进行指纹解锁时，为了避免在指纹检测区域111形成刺眼的光斑对人眼造成不适，在本申请的一种具体实施方式中，屏下指纹识别装置还包括检测光源2，检测光源2可以发出人眼感知不明显的探测光，探测光作为用于指纹识别的激励光，其可以透过OLED屏幕3照射至指纹检测区域111上方的手指4，经手指4反射、散射或透射而形成携带有指纹信息的指纹检测光，指纹检测光透过OLED屏幕3传输至指纹识别模组1，指纹识别模组1接收指纹检测光以采集手指4的指纹图像。
在具体实施例中，检测光源2发出的探测光为非可见光。这样在夜晚等暗光环境下对黑屏的电子装置进行解锁时，非可见光照射至指纹检测区域111，不会在指纹检测区域111形成高亮光斑，在指纹解锁过程中不会产生刺眼的光斑，因而不会对人眼造成不适，可以提高用户体验效果。
在具体应用中，在夜晚等暗光环境下且在OLED屏幕3处于黑屏状态时，可以仅采用检测光源2发出的非可见的探测光作为用于指纹识别的激励光，并照射至指纹检测区域111上方的手指4，从而形成与非可见光相对应的指纹检测光，在本实施例可以称为第一指纹检测光。
在白天等环境光亮度较好的条件下，或在OLED屏幕3处于亮屏状态时进行的指纹识别操作，可以仅采用OLED屏幕3在指纹检测区域111的OLED像素单元发出的可见光作为用于指纹识别的激励光以形成高亮光斑，并照射至指纹检测区域111上方的手指4，从而在手指4形成与上述可见光相对应的指纹检测光，在本实施例可以称为第二指纹检测光。
但是，需要说明的是，虽然上述实施例以所述OLED屏幕3的环境信息(包括当前光照环境和OLED屏幕发光状态)作为选择用于指纹识别的激励光或探测光的条件，即在当前处于暗光环境且OLED屏幕3处于黑屏状态的第一预设条件下，采用检测光源2发出的非可见的探测光作为指纹识别的激励光，而在当前处于亮光环境或者OLED屏幕3处于亮屏状态的第二预设条件下，利用OLED屏幕3发出的可见光作为指纹识别的激励光，但在其他实施例中，上述激励光或者探测光的选择条件可以根据具体应用场景而定，本申请没有具体限制。
比如，在一些其他实施例中，在白天等环境光亮度较好或者在OLED屏幕3处于亮屏状态时，也可以采用OLED屏幕3发出的可见光与检测光源2发出的非可见光一起照射至指纹检测区域111上方的手指4，OLED屏幕3发出的可见光和检测光源2发出的非可见光共同照射到手指4以形成指纹检测光，即该指纹检测光包括与上述非可见光相对应的第一指纹检测光以及与上述可见光相对应的第二指纹检测光。此时，由于第一指纹检测光的存在，OLED屏幕3的OLED像素单元发出的可见光的功率可以较低，这样在指纹检测区域111形成的光斑亮度较低，有利于保护指纹检测区域111的OLED像素单元，避免其长期工作在高亮状态下容易造成烧坏等永久性损伤。
或者，在环境光亮度较好或OLED屏幕3处于亮屏状态时，仅采用检测光源2发出的非可见的探测光照射到指纹检测区域111上方的手指4以形成指纹检测光。
同样的，在黑夜等暗光环境且OLED屏幕3为黑屏状态时，也可以采用OLED屏幕3发出的可见光和检测光源2发出的非可见光共同作为指纹识别的激励光并照射到OLED屏幕3上方的手指4以形成指纹检测光，同样地，在这种情况下，指纹检测光也包括与上述非可见光对应的第一指纹检测光和与上述可见光对应的第二指纹检测光。此时，OLED屏幕3在指纹检测区域111的OLED像素单元的发光功率可以调低，以减弱在指纹检测区域111形成的光斑亮度，以不使人眼感到不适为宜，此一方面可以对指纹检测区域111的OLED像素单元进行保护，且另一方面可以在黑屏状态下通过指纹检测区域111的非高亮光斑，使用户可以感知正在进行有效的指纹识别操作，提升用户体验。
在一种具体实施方式中，检测光源2发出的非可见的探测光可以为红外光。
对于检测光源2发出红外光，检测光源2为红外光源的情况，示例性的，检测光源2可以为红外LED光源、红外垂直腔面发射激光器(Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser，简称：VCSEL)或者红外激光二极管(Laser Diode)。
在一些实施例中，检测光源2发出的红外光的波长范围可以为850nm-940nm，即检测光源2发出的红外光的波长在850nm至940nm之间，示例性的，检测光源2发出的红外光的波长可以为850nm、870nm、910nm、 930nm或940nm等。
其中，在一种具体实施例中，检测光源2发出的红外光的波长可以限定为940nm，这样，在当前处于暗光环境且OLED屏幕3处于黑屏状态时，检测光源2发出的红外光透过OLED屏幕3照射在指纹检测区域111上时，不会产生肉眼可观察到的光斑，具有较好的效果。
如图2所示，本实施例中，OLED屏幕3具体包括显示模组31和保护盖板32，显示模组31可以包括OLED面板，其包括OLED像素阵列，OLED像素阵列的OLED像素单元可以在显示驱动单元的驱动下进行自发光以显示图像。示例性的，显示模组31的OLED面板可以包括层叠设置的阳极层、有机发光层和阴极层，有机发光层夹设在阳极层和阴极层之间。其中，指纹检测区域111可以设置在显示模组31的显示区域。
保护盖板32覆盖在显示模组31上，即保护盖板32位于电子装置正面的最外侧，保护盖板32用于保护显示模组31，防止显示模组31受到损伤。保护盖板32可以为透明盖板，例如玻璃盖板或蓝宝石盖板。另外，保护盖板32的外表面还可以设置有保护层。
由于显示模组31上还设置有保护盖板32，因此，本实施例中，手指4按压显示模组31的指纹检测区域111，实际上可以是指手指4按压在显示模组31上方的保护盖板32或者覆盖保护盖板32的保护层表面。
在一种可能的实施方式中，显示模组31可以形成有用于使指纹检测光透过的透光区域，透光区域可以是指显示模组31的相关光学膜片在指纹检测光的传输路径上形成关于指纹检测光的波段是透光的区域，指纹识别模组1位于显示模组31的透光区域之下，以使指纹检测光透过显示模组31传输到指纹识别模组1。
具体的，本实施例中，透光区域可以为指纹检测光在OLED屏幕3的传输路径所对应的区域，一般来说，显示模组31的OLED面板在OLED像素单元之间形成有透光间隙，指纹检测光可以通过上述透光间隙传输到下方的指纹识别模组1；若显示模组31还包括其他非透光层，则所述非透光层可以在指纹检测光和检测光源2发出的探测光的传输路径中开设有可以透过上述指纹检测光和探测光的波段的透光区域，比如开设一个透光窗口。
如图2所示，在一些实施例中，OLED屏幕3还可以包括支撑板33，支 撑板33设置在显示模组31背面，用于支撑保护显示模组31。通过在显示模组31背面，即显示模组31背对保护盖板32的另一侧设置支撑板33，利用支撑板33对显示模组31进行支撑，以保证构成显示模组31的各层光学膜片具有较好的平整度，以提高显示模组31的显示效果。
支撑板33通常可以由强度和刚度较好的金属材料制成，例如，支撑板33可以为钢板。并且支撑板33上开设有通孔331，通孔331的位置对应指纹识别模组1的入光区域。以指纹检测光向下传输至指纹识别模组1为例，通孔331可以位于OLED屏幕3的指纹检测区域111和指纹识别模组1之间，且通孔331的位置可以正对指纹识别模组1。
手指4反射形成的指纹检测光在透过显示模组31后，穿过支撑板33上的通孔331照射至指纹识别模组1，以使指纹识别模组1可以接收到指纹检测光。
需要说明的是，本实施例采用OLED屏幕3自发光及检测光源2发出非可见光两种补光形式，两种形式发出的光线可分别单独作为指纹识别的激励光，或者，两种形式发出的光线可以结合作为指纹识别的激励光，不仅可解决在黑夜等暗光环境且OLED屏幕3为黑屏状态下，单独OLED屏幕3自发光进行补光会非常刺眼的问题。
而且，通过利用OLED屏幕3的自发光像素单元(即OLED像素单元)发出的可见光作为指纹识别的激励光，由于OLED屏幕3的发出的可见光直接照亮屏幕上方的手指4，手指4对可见光反射或散射后穿过OLED屏幕3到达屏幕下方的指纹识别模组1，因而采用OLED屏幕3自发光进行指纹图像采集，光线只用穿过一次OLED屏幕3。
而设置于OLED屏幕3下方的检测光源2发出的光线需要穿过OLED屏幕3照射至屏幕上方的手指4，手指4返回的光线又需要穿过OLED屏幕3到达指纹识别模组1，光线需要穿过两次OLED屏幕3，因此检测光源2发出的光线强度需足够大，以使光线两次穿过OLED屏幕3后的光强度仍然能够实现指纹成像。
因此，与单独采用检测光源2发出非可见光进行补光的形式相比，在环境光亮度较好或OLED屏幕处于亮屏状态时，采用OLED屏幕3自发光作为指纹识别的激励光，可以降低指纹识别装置的功耗，节省指纹识别装置消耗 的电能。
另外，采用OLED屏幕3进行屏幕打光的方式，OLED屏幕3的自发光像素单元在对应指纹检测区域111的部位形成的光斑的覆盖范围较广，光线的出射角度较为一致，形成的激励光的均匀性好，可以提高指纹图像采集效果，进而可以提高指纹识别的准确性。
本实施例提供的屏下指纹识别装置，通过在OLED屏幕下方设置检测光源，且检测光源发射的探测光为非可见光，在OLED屏幕处于暗光环境且为黑屏状态时，可以通过检测光源发出非可见的探测光作为用于指纹识别的激励光并照射OLED屏幕的指纹检测区域上方的手指来形成指纹检测光，因而可以降低在指纹检测区域形成的光斑的亮度，不会形成刺眼的光斑，因而在黑暗环境下不会对人眼造成不适，可以提高用户体验效果。
实施例二
如图2所示，指纹识别模组1可以包括指纹传感器11，指纹传感器11可以为光学指纹传感器11。其中，指纹传感器11可以包括具有多个感应单元的光学感应阵列以及与该光学感应阵列电性连接的读取电路及其他功能电路。该光学感应阵列的感应区域可以对应指纹传感器11的指纹识别区域。
具体的，指纹传感器11可以位于OLED屏幕3的指纹检测区域111下方，例如，指纹传感器11正对OLED屏幕3的指纹检测区域111设置，通过将手指4放置在OLED屏幕3的指纹检测区域111上方，手指4受到照射形成的携带指纹信息的指纹检测光透过OLED屏幕3，传输至OLED屏幕3下方与指纹检测区域111正对的指纹传感器11，通过指纹传感器11的的光学感应阵列接收指纹检测光以采集手指4的指纹图像。
指纹传感器11中的光学感应阵列的感应区域用于感应指纹检测光，指纹检测光可以为检测光源2发出的非可见的探测光或OLED屏幕3在指纹检测区域111的OLED像素单元发出的可见光。为了提高指纹传感器11的指纹识别效果，本实施例中，指纹识别模组1中还可以设置有滤光件12。
滤光件12设置在指纹传感器11的入光侧，用于滤除指纹检测光中的干扰光，即滤除形成指纹图像之外的其他波段的光线。本实施例中，通过手指4反射的检测光源2发出的非可见的探测光或OLED屏幕3的OLED像素单 元发出的可见光来形成指纹检测光，因此，除了与探测光和可见光的波段相对应之外的其他光线为干扰光。
对此，滤光件12可以为双通滤光件12，具体的，滤光件12可以透过探测光和可见光所在的波段，而滤除探测光和可见光之外的其他波段的光线。以检测光源2为红外光源，检测光源2发出的探测光为红外光为例，滤光件12为可以透过红外光和可见光的双通滤光件12。
滤光件12具体可以包括一个或多个光学过滤器，例如光学过滤器可以配置为双带通过滤器，以同时透过非可见的探测光和可见光而滤除其他波段的光线。光学过滤器例如可以通过光学过滤涂层来实现，该光学过滤涂层可以形成在一个或多个连续界面上，或可以形成在一个或多个离散的界面上。
如图2所示，本实施例中，指纹识别模组1还可以包括光学元件13，光学元件13可以作为光路引导结构，设置在指纹传感器11的入光侧，即光学元件13设置在指纹传感器11的面向OLED屏幕3的一侧。光学元件13主要用于将指纹检测光引导至指纹传感器11的光学感应阵列进行光学检测。
光学元件13可以采用多种实施方案。以光学元件13采用光学镜头的透镜式光路为例，在一种可能的实施方式中，光学元件13可以包括具有一个或多个透镜单元的光学透镜(Lens)组件，其可以是由一个或多个非球面透镜组成的透镜组。
光学透镜组件用于将手指4反射形成并透过OLED屏幕3的指纹检测光汇聚到其下方的指纹传感器11的光学感应阵列，以使得该光学感应阵列可以基于该指纹检测光进行光学成像，从而得到该手指4的指纹图像。
所述光学透镜组件在透镜单元的光路还可以形成有针孔或者微孔光阑，比如，在所述透镜单元的光路中可以形成有一个或者多个遮光片，其中至少一个遮光片可以在所述透镜单元的光轴或者光学中心区域形成有透光微孔，所述透光微孔可以作为上述针孔或者微孔光阑。所述针孔或者微孔光阑可以配合所述光学透镜组件和/或所述光学透镜层上方的其他光学膜层，以增大所述指纹识别模组1的光学视场(Filed of View，简称：FOV)，并配合所述光学透镜组件来增强在所述光学感应阵列得到的指纹图像的空间分辨率，以提高所述指纹识别模组1的指纹成像效果。
在另一种可能的实施方式中，光学元件13具体可以为在半导体硅片或者 其他基底上制作而成的准直器(Collimator)层，其具有多个准直单元，准直单元可以具体为具有一定长宽比的准直通孔331。
用户在OLED屏幕3上进行指纹识别时，在OLED屏幕3上方的手指4反射形成的并透过OLED屏幕3的指纹检测光中，入射角度与该准直单元的延伸方向基本一致的指纹检测光可以穿过准直单元并被其下方的指纹传感器11的光学感应阵列接收，而入射角度过大的指纹检测光在该准直单元内部经过多次反射被衰减掉，因此光学感应阵列的每一个感应单元基本只能接收到其正上方的指纹纹路形成的指纹检测光，从而使得光学感应阵列分别利用穿过各准直单元的指纹检测光来获取到手指4的指纹图像。
在其他实施方式中，光学元件13具体还可以包括微透镜(Micro-Lens)层和光学膜层，该微透镜层包括由多个微透镜形成的微透镜阵列，其可以通过半导体生长工艺或者其他工艺形成在该指纹传感器11112的光学感应阵列上方，并且每一个微透镜可以分别对应于该光学感应阵列的一个或者多个感应单元。
光学膜层可以形成在该微透镜层和该光学感应单元之间，其可以包括至少一个具有微孔的挡光层以及形成在挡光层和微透镜层及光学感应阵列之间的介质层、钝化层或缓冲层等，其中至少一个具有微孔的挡光层采用特定光学设计来使微孔形成在其对应的微透镜和感应单元之间，从而限定感应单元的接收光路。
其中，该挡光层可以阻挡相邻微透镜和感应单元之间的光学干扰，并且微透镜将接收到的光线以垂直或者倾斜的特定角度汇聚到该微孔内部并经由该微孔传输到该感应单元以进行光学指纹成像。
因此，本实施例中的指纹识别模组1可以包括指纹传感器11、滤光件12和光学元件13。其中，指纹传感器11、光学元件13和滤光件12可以封装在同一个部件中以形成指纹识别模组1。在本实施例中，滤光件12可以安装在光学元件13的下方以构成光学组件。
具体的，滤光件12可以设置在光学元件13和指纹传感器11之间，即手指4反射形成的指纹检测光透过OLED屏幕3后，先经光学元件13进行汇聚或准直等光学处理，之后再经过滤光件12滤除干扰光，之后再入射至指纹传感器11，以使指纹传感器11获得清晰、准确的指纹图像。
在其他替代实施例中，过滤件还可以设置在其他部位，在一些其他实施例中，过滤件可以制作在指纹识别模组1的任何光学部件的表面上，或者设置在手指4反射形成的指纹检测光传输至指纹传感器11的光学路径上。
示例性的，过滤件可以设置在支撑板33和指纹传感器11之间，或者，过滤件可以贴合在显示模组31的背面、支撑板33的正面或背面等部位。
实施例三
图3为本申请实施例三提供的一种屏下指纹识别装置的结构示意图；图4为图3对应的检测光源的设置示意图。
如图3和图4所示，具体的，检测光源2与指纹识别模组1可以一起设置在OLED屏幕3的显示模组31下方。
另外，在显示模组31的侧方，例如，在显示模组31的一侧，且在保护盖板32的下方设置有柔性电路板34，柔性电路板34与显示模组31连接，用于为显示模组31提供电信号，以使显示模组31显示图像。
以显示装置为手机为例，柔性电路板34可以连接在显示模组31的底端边缘区域，即柔性电路板34位于手机的下巴部分。
其中，检测光源2可以集成在指纹识别模组1的内部，可以理解的是，对于封装为一个整体的指纹识别模组1，指纹识别模组1的封装结构上对应检测光源2的部位应当可以透过检测光源2发出的探测光，以使探测光透过指纹识别模组1照射至OLED屏幕3。
在一些其他实施方式中，检测光源2也可以单独设置，具体的，检测光源2可以设置在指纹识别模组1的***，检测光源2的发光面朝向OLED屏幕3上的指纹检测区域111，以使检测光源2发出的光线可以透过OLED屏幕3照射至指纹检测区域111上方的手指4。
由于检测光源2设置在指纹识别模组1的***，因而检测光源2发出的探测光需要穿过支撑板33，对此，支撑板33上开设的通孔331的区域应能够覆盖指纹识别模组1和探测光。
示例性的，如图3所示，可以在支撑板33上仅开设一个通孔331，该通孔331的横截面积较大，指纹识别模组1和检测光源2均对应位于该通孔331内；或者，在支撑板33上开设多个通孔331，各通孔331的部位分别对应指 纹识别模组1和检测光源2。
对于检测光源2位于OLED屏幕3的显示模组31下方，且设置在指纹识别模组1***，为了使屏下指纹识别装置的布局更紧凑，在一种可能的实施方式中，检测光源2与指纹识别模组1之间的间距可以为2mm-10mm。
这样检测光源2与指纹识别模组1之间的间距较近，便于对显示模组31的透光区域进行设计，并且便于电子装置内其他部件的布置。
示例性的，检测光源2与指纹识别模组1之间的间距为3mm、5mm、7mm或9mm等。
无论是检测光源2封装在指纹识别模组1内部，还是检测光源2设置在指纹识别模组1***，本实施例对检测光源2的数量并不进行限制，检测光源2可以为一个或多个。
具体的，可以根据指纹识别所需的探测光的功率即单个检测光源2的发光功率进行设置，例如，单个检测光源2的发光功率较大，可以仅设置一个检测光源2，或者，单个检测光源2的发光功率较小，可以设置两个以上的检测光源2。
对于检测光源2的数量为多个，且多个检测光源2设置在指纹识别模组1的***，具体的，多个检测光源2可以并列设置为一排或一列，或者，多个检测光源2沿周向分布在指纹识别模组1的***，不同检测光源2位于指纹识别模组1的不同方位。
如图3和图4所示，在一种具体实施方式中，多个检测光源2可以沿OLED屏幕3的宽度方向或长度方向直线排列。以电子装置为手机并且指纹检测区域111位于OLED屏幕3上靠近手机的底端为例，多个检测光源2可以沿OLED屏幕3的长度方向排列指纹识别模组1的左侧或右侧，即多个检测光源2对应设置在指纹检测区域111的左侧或右侧；或者，多个检测光源2可以沿OLED屏幕3的宽度方向排列在指纹识别模组1的上方或下方。
这样不仅检测光源2的排布更紧凑，且检测光源2与指纹识别模组1整体的布局也更紧凑，便于检测光源2和指纹识别模组1的设置，且便于支撑板33上通孔331的开设，及显示模组31中的用于透射探测光的透光区域的设定。
其中，相邻检测光源2之间的间距可以相等。在设置多个检测光源2时， 相邻检测光源2之间的间距可以相等，这样检测光源2的排布更规整，可以将多个检测光源2封装在一个整体结构中，以四个LED灯珠为例，可以将该四个LED灯珠等间距的设置在一个灯条上。
如图3所示，通过将检测光源2与指纹识别模组1一起设置在显示模组31下方，检测光源2与指纹识别模组1之间的间距更好控制，指纹识别模组1可以设置在显示模组31下方的任意部位，而检测光源2的位置可以随指纹识别模组1的位置而设定，这样屏下指纹识别装置的设置更灵活。
需要说明的是，由于检测光源2设置在显示模组31下方，检测光源2发出的探测光需要透过显示模组31，在OLED屏幕3在亮屏状态时采用检测光源2发出的非可见的探测光作为指纹识别的激励光的情况下，为了避免由于检测光源2的发光功率过大而显示模组31的像素点的电流造成影响，防止探测光功率过大而激发打开像素点控制电路，导致像素点过流，本实施例中，可以将单个的检测光源2的功率控制在较小的范围内，以免对显示模组31的像素点造成影响。
可以理解的是，OLED屏幕3在黑屏状态下采用检测光源2发出的非可见的探测光作为用于指纹识别的激励光时，由于OLED屏幕3的像素点的控制电路关闭，因而探测光的发光功率对OLED屏幕3的像素点不会产生影响。
实施例四
图5为本申请实施例四提供的另一种屏下指纹识别装置的结构示意图；图6为图5对应的检测光源的设置示意图。
如图5和图6所示，与实施例三的将检测光源2与指纹识别模组1一起设置于显示模组31下方所不同的是，本实施例中，检测光源2可以设置在显示模组31侧方并位于保护盖板32的边缘区域下方。
在本实施例中，将检测光源2设置在显示模组31的侧方，并位于保护盖板32的边缘区域的下方，例如，以手机为例，检测光源2可以设置在手机的底端，即位于手机的下巴部分的非显示区域内，从而实现下巴打光的方式。
通过将检测光源2设置在保护盖板32的边缘区域下方，检测光源2通过一定的发光角度设置或者光路引导，可以使得其发出的探测光只用透过保护盖板32即可照射至指纹检测区域111上方的手指4，光线的传输路径较短， 且由于保护盖板32的透光度较好，因而对光线的利用率较高。
另外，由于探测光照射至手指4时，光线的传输路径只经过保护盖板32，无论OLED屏幕3为亮屏状态还是黑屏状态，探测光对显示模组31的像素点的控制电路均没有影响，OLED屏幕3在任何状态下均可采用检测光源2发出的探测光作为指纹识别的激励光，并且对检测光源2的发光功率没有过多限制。
由于检测光源2直接设置在保护盖板32下方，且检测光源2被限制在显示模组31侧方的空间范围内，因而为了满足检测光源2发出的探测光能够照射至指纹检测区域111上方的手指4，并且手指4反射形成的指纹检测光能够传输至指纹识别模组1，本实施例中，指纹识别模组1与保护盖板32的对应检测光源2的一侧边缘之间的间距可以小于或等于15mm。
由于检测光源2设置在保护盖板32边缘区域的下方，且检测光源2发射的探测光应透过保护盖板32照射至指纹检测区域111上方的手指4，为了满足探测光能够照射至指纹检测区域111，指纹检测区域111距离保护盖板32边缘区域的距离应较近，与之对应的，指纹识别模组1与保护盖板32边缘的距离也应当较近，以使探测光能够照射至指纹检测区域111上方的手指4，并且手指4反射的指纹检测光能够传输至指纹识别模组1。
具体的，指纹识别模组1与保护盖板32的边缘之间的间距应当小于或等于15mm，可以理解的是，此处的保护盖板32边缘指的是保护盖板32的与检测光源2对应的一侧边缘。
如图5所示，本实施例中，检测光源2发出的探测光为非可见光，为了使探测光更好的透过保护盖板32，在一种可能的实施方式中，保护盖板32背面对应检测光源2的边缘区域可以设置有透光膜层35，该透光膜层35用于透过探测光。
通过在设置检测光源2的一侧的保护盖板32背面的边缘区域设置透光膜层35，该透光膜层35可以透过检测光源2发出的非可见的探测光，示例性的，探测光为红外光，透光膜层35可以为能够透过红外光的膜层。如此，更易于探测光透过透光膜层35照射至保护盖板32，同时，透光膜层35可以阻止探测光之外的其它波段的光线穿过，因而可以有效滤除干扰光，可以提高探测光的传输效率，提高指纹识别的效率和准确性。
对于检测光源2的数量以及排布方式，与实施例三同样的，本实施例对于设置在保护盖板32边缘区域下方的检测光源2的数量和排列方式没有具体限制，检测光源2的数量可以为一个或多个，对于多个检测光源2，检测光源2可以具有沿直线排列、多排分布或环形排布等多种排列形式，相邻检测光源2之间的间距可以相同或不同。
其中，如图6所示，由于检测光源2设置在显示装置侧边的非显示区域内，例如检测光源2位于手机底端的非显示区域内，为了减小手机底端非显示区域的宽度，顺应全面屏的趋势，对于多个检测光源2的排布，多个检测光源2可以沿手机的宽度方向排列在一条直线上。作为一种可选的实施例，检测光源2可以设置在柔性电路板34的外侧，比如贴合在柔性电路板34的外侧表面。
实施例五
图7为本申请实施例五提供的指纹识别方法的步骤流程图；图8为本申请实施例五提供的一种指纹识别方法的控制流程图。
如图7和图8所示，本实施例提供一种指纹识别方法，本实施例提供的指纹识别方法用于实施例一至四提供的屏下指纹识别装置。
具体的，指纹识别方法包括如下步骤：
S100、手指4位于OLED屏幕3的指纹检测区域111上方时，获取OLED屏幕3的环境信息，环境信息包括当前光照环境和OLED屏幕的发光状态。
本实施例中，在需要进行指纹识别时，电子装置通过对OLED屏幕3上方的手指进行打光以提供指纹识别所需的激励光或者探测光，具体可以有两种方式。一种是利用电子装置的OLED屏幕3在指纹检测区域111的OLED像素发出的可见光作为用于指纹识别的激励光，另一种是利用检测光源2发出的非可见的探测光作为指纹识别的激励光对手指4进行打光。
应理解，这两种方式可以单独进行，即进行指纹识别时，可以采用OLED屏幕3位于指纹检测区域111的OLED像素发出的可见光进行单独的屏幕打光，或者采用检测光源2发出的非可见的探测光进行单独的外部补光。或者，这两种方式可以同时进行，即进行指纹识别时，可以同时采用OLED屏幕3位于指纹检测区域111的OLED像素发出的可见光与检测光源2发出的非可 见的探测光共同形成用于指纹识别的激励光对OLED屏幕3上方的手指进行打光。本实施例对此不做限制。
具体的，在进行指纹识别时，当手指4按压在OLED屏幕3的指纹检测区域111上方时，此时，根据获取的OLED屏幕3的环境信息，判断是否需要开启检测光源2来产生非可见的探测光作为指纹识别的激励光，即是否需要探测光透过OLED屏幕3照射至指纹检测区域111上方的手指4。
其中，OLED屏幕3的环境信息包括光照环境和屏幕发光状态，光照环境为OLED屏幕3所处环境的光照情况，光照环境可以包括亮光环境和暗光环境，例如，亮光环境为白天或夜晚的灯光充足的室内等环境光亮度较好的情况，暗光环境可以包括夜晚或光线不足的情况。
在具体实施例中，所述光照环境可以通过检测当前环境光强来进行确定当前处于亮光环境还是暗光环境，作为一种可选的实施例，也可以通过获取当前***时间信息来判断当前是处于白天还是夜晚，并结合检测到的环境光强来判断当前具体的光照环境信息。
屏幕发光状态为OLED屏幕3自身的工作状态或者发光状态情况，例如屏幕发光状态可以包括OLED屏幕3处于亮屏状态或黑屏状态。
S200、根据OLED屏幕的环境信息，选择OLED屏幕位于指纹检测区域的OLED像素发出的可见光和检测光源发出的非可见的探测光中的至少一个作为用于指纹识别的激励光，并利用激励光照射至指纹检测区域上方的手指。
在根据OLED屏幕3当时的环境信息，判断满足第一预设条件而需要检测光源2发出探测光作为指纹识别的激励光时，则开启检测光源2，通过检测光源2发光产生非可见的探测光，探测光透过OLED屏幕3照射至指纹检测区域111上方的手指4。
在一种可能的实施方式中，根据OLED屏幕3的环境信息控制检测光源发出探测光，具体可以包括：
判断OLED屏幕是否处于暗光环境且OLED屏幕是否处于黑屏状态。
OLED屏幕3的环境信息包括光照环境和屏幕发光状态，本实施例中，根据OLED屏幕3的光照环境和屏幕发光状态来判断是否需要检测光源2发出探测光，具体为，根据OLED屏幕当时所处的光照环境是否为暗光环境和屏幕发光状态是否为黑屏状态，来判断当前是否满足第一预设条件，以确定 是否需要利用检测光源2来产生探测光。
其中，进行指纹识别时，即手指4按压在指纹检测区域111上方时，若OLED屏幕3处于暗光环境且OLED屏幕3为黑屏状态，则可以判断当前满足第一预设条件需要开启检测光源2，以通过检测光源2发出的探测光进行外部打光。
若OLED屏幕3不处于上述状态，即OLED屏幕3满足处于亮光环境或OLED屏幕3为亮屏状态中的至少一者，则可以判断出当前满足第二预设条件无需开启检测光源2，通过OLED屏幕3自身发出的可见光进行屏幕打光。
作为一种实施例，为了更快速有效的判断OLED屏幕3是否处于暗光环境，在一种可能的实施方式中，判断光照环境是否为暗光环境，可以包括：
获取电子装置当前的***时间；
判断电子装置当前的***时间是否为夜间。
如此，在进行指纹识别时，根据电子装置当时的***时间，可以更加快速有效判定是否需要开启检测光源2。
其中，若电子装置当前的***时间为夜间，则可以自动判定OLED屏幕3相当于处于暗光环境，此时，若OLED屏幕3为黑屏状态，则需要开启检测光源2来产生探测光。
若电子装置当前的***时间不是在夜间，则检测所述OLED屏幕当前所处的环境光的强度，根据环境光强度判断光照环境是否为暗光环境，再结合OLED屏幕3为亮屏状态还是为黑屏状态，具体判定是否需要开启检测光源2。
例如电子装置当前的***时间为白天，但是OLED屏幕3处于光线较暗的环境中，或者OLED屏幕3被挡光物遮挡，此时，OLED屏幕3所处的环境光强度较弱，可以判定为暗光环境，仍然需要开启检测光源。
在具体应用中，对于OLED屏幕3的所处的环境光强度的测定，可以通过在搭载OLED屏幕3的电子装置内设置环境光传感器，通过环境光传感器测定环境光强度。
需要说明的是，当OLED屏幕3所在的电子装置的***时间为夜间，且OLED屏幕3处于无外部光源照亮的情况下，OLED屏幕3确实处于暗光环境中，此时，开启检测光源2发出非可见的探测光作为指纹识别的激励光，能够有效减弱在指纹检测区域111形成的光斑亮度，提高用户体验效果。
当OLED屏幕3所在电子装置的***时间为夜间，但OLED屏幕3处于有外部光源照亮的情况下，OLED屏幕3相当于处于亮光环境中，此时开启检测光源2发出探测光，同样能够实现指纹采集。
S300、接收手指被激励光照射而形成的携带有手指的指纹信息的指纹检测光，并基于指纹检测光采集手指的指纹图像。
实施例六
在上述实施例一至四的基础上，本实施例提供一种屏下指纹识别***，该屏下指纹识别***包括OLED屏幕3和实施例一至四所述的屏下指纹识别装置。
具体的，本实施例可以参考实施例一至四中对于屏下指纹识别装置和OLED屏幕3的描述，在本实施例中，不再对屏下指纹识别装置和OLED屏幕3作进一步阐述。
其中，屏下指纹识别装置包括指纹识别模组1和检测光源2，检测光源2发出的探测光为非可见光，例如，探测光为红外光。OLED屏幕3包括显示模组31和覆盖在显示模组31上的保护盖板32。
检测光源2可以和指纹识别模组1一起设置在显示模组31下方，或者，检测光源2可以设置在显示模组31侧方、保护盖板32的边缘区域下方。
通过设置检测光源2，检测光源2能够发出非可见光，在OLED屏幕3处于暗光环境且OLED屏幕3为黑屏状态时，可以开启检测光源2，利用检测光源2发出的探测光照射至OLED屏幕3的指纹检测区域111上方的手指4。由于探测光为非可见光，因而可以有效减弱形成在指纹检测区域111的光斑亮度，提高用户体验效果。
本实施例提供的屏下指纹识别***，包括OLED屏幕和屏下指纹识别装置，通过在OLED屏幕下方设置检测光源，且检测光源发射的探测光为非可见光，在OLED屏幕处于暗光环境且为黑屏状态时，可以通过检测光源发出非可见的探测光照射OLED屏幕的指纹检测区域上方的手指，因而可以降低在指纹检测区域形成的光斑的亮度，不会形成刺眼的光斑，因而在黑暗环境下不会对人眼造成不适，可以提高用户体验效果。
实施例七
进一步的，在上述实施例的基础上，本实施例提供一种电子装置，电子装置包括实施例一至四中任一所述的屏下指纹识别装置。
电子装置可以包括OLED屏幕3和屏下指纹识别装置，其中，OLED屏幕3包括显示模组31和覆盖在显示模组31上的保护盖板32；屏下指纹识别装置包括指纹识别模组1和检测光源2，检测光源2发出的探测光为非可见光，指纹识别模组1设置于显示模组31下方，检测光源2可以和指纹识别模组1一起设置在显示模组31下方，或者，检测光源2设置在显示模组31侧方、保护盖板32的边缘区域下方。
其中，本实施例中，该电子装置具体可以为包括OLED屏幕3的手机、平板电脑、电视机、笔记本电脑、数码相机、导航仪、指纹锁等电子产品或部件。
本实施例中，该电子装置基于OLED屏幕3的屏下指纹识别***可以获得用户的指纹信息，并且可以进一步进行指纹匹配验证，从而完成当前用户的身份验证，以便于确认其是否有权限对该电子装置进行相应的操作。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (25)

  1. 一种屏下指纹识别装置，适用于具有自发光显示屏幕的电子装置，其特征在于，所述屏下指纹识别装置的指纹检测区域至少部分位于所述自发光显示屏幕的显示区域内；
    所述屏下指纹识别装置包括指纹识别模组和检测光源，所述指纹识别模组设置在所述自发光显示屏幕下方，所述检测光源用于提供非可见的探测光，所述探测光和所述自发光显示屏幕的部分自发光显示像素发出的可见光中的至少一者可以根据当前所述自发光显示屏幕的环境信息作为用于指纹识别的激励光并照射至所述指纹检测区域上方的手指，以在所述手指形成携带有指纹信息的指纹检测光；所述指纹识别模组用于接收所述携带有指纹信息的指纹检测光，以采集所述手指的指纹图像。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的屏下指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述自发光显示屏幕的环境信息包括所述自发光显示屏幕当前所处的光照环境和所述自发光显示屏幕的发光状态。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的屏下指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述自发光显示屏幕和所述检测光源用于被控制在不同环境条件下分时地向所述自发光显示屏幕上方的手指进行打光，其中所述环境条件与所述自发光显示屏幕的环境信息有关。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的屏下指纹识别装置，其特征在于，在当前所述自发光显示屏幕的环境信息满足第一预设条件时，所述检测光源用于提供非可见的探测光作为指纹识别的激励光，并照射到所述自发光显示屏幕上方的手指以产生所述指纹检测光。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的屏下指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述第一预设条件为当前所述自发光显示屏幕处于暗光环境且当前所述自发光显示屏幕处于黑屏状态。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的屏下指纹识别装置，其特征在于，在当前所述自发光显示屏幕的环境信息满足第二预设条件时，所述自发光显示屏幕位于指纹检测区域的自发光显示像素被驱动以高亮光斑，所述高亮光斑用于作为指纹识别的激励光，并照射到所述自发光显示屏幕上方的手指以产生所述指纹检测光。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的屏下指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述第二预设条件为当前所述自发光显示屏幕处于亮光环境或者当前所述自发光显示屏幕处于亮屏状态。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的屏下指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述自发光显示屏幕为OLED屏幕，且所述自发光像素单元为所述OLED屏幕位于所述指纹检测区域的OLED像素单元。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的屏下指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述检测光源为红外光源，且所述检测光源发出的所述探测光为红外光，所述红外光的波长范围为850nm-940nm。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的屏下指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述OLED屏幕包括显示模组和覆盖显示模组的保护盖板。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的屏下指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述检测光源与所述指纹识别模组一起设置在所述显示模组的下方。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的屏下指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述检测光源集成在所述指纹识别模组的内部。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的屏下指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述检测光源设置在所述指纹识别模组的***，且所述检测光源与所述指纹识别模组之间的间距为2mm-10mm。
  14. 根据权利要求10所述的屏下指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述检测光源设置在所述显示模组侧方，并与所述显示模组并排设置在所述保护盖板的下方，其中所述检测光源位于所述保护盖板的边缘区域下方，用于通过所述保护盖板向所述OLED屏幕上方的手指发出所述探测光。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的屏下指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述指纹识别模组与所述保护盖板的对应所述检测光源的一侧边缘之间的间距小于或等于15mm。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的屏下指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述保护盖板背面对应所述检测光源的边缘区域设置有透光膜层，所述透光膜层用于透过所述探测光。
  17. 根据权利要求10所述的屏下指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述指纹识别模组包括指纹传感器和滤光件，所述指纹传感器用于接收所述指纹检测 光以获取所述手指的指纹信息，所述滤光件设置在所述指纹传感器的入光侧，所述滤光件为具有第一透过波段和第二透过波段的双通滤光件，其中所述第一透过波段与所述自发光显示屏幕的自发光显示像素发出的可见光波段相对应，所述第二透过波段与所述检测光源发出的探测光波段相对应，所述滤光件用于滤除所述探测光和所述可见光之外的干扰光。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的屏下指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述指纹识别模组还包括光学元件，所述光学元件设置在所述指纹传感器的入光侧，用于将透过所述自发光显示屏幕的指纹检测光引导或汇聚到所述指纹传感器。
  19. 一种屏下指纹识别***，其特征在于，包括自发光显示屏幕和权利要求1-18任一项所述的屏下指纹识别装置，所述屏下指纹识别装置用于设置在所述自发光显示屏幕下方以实现屏下光学指纹检测。
  20. 一种指纹识别方法，适用于屏下指纹识别装置，所述屏下指纹识别装置设置在自发光显示屏幕的下方，其特征在于，所述指纹识别方法包括：
    获取所述自发光显示屏幕的环境信息，所述环境信息包括当前光照环境和所述自发光显示屏幕的发光状态；
    根据所述自发光显示屏幕的环境信息，选择所述自发光显示屏幕位于指纹检测区域的自发光显示像素发出的可见光和检测光源发出的非可见的探测光中的至少一个作为用于指纹识别的激励光，并利用所述激励光照射至所述指纹检测区域上方的手指；
    接收所述手指被所述激励光照射而形成的携带有所述手指的指纹信息的指纹检测光，并基于所述指纹检测光采集所述手指的指纹图像。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的指纹识别方法，其特征在于，所述自发光显示屏幕和所述检测光源用于被控制在不同环境条件下分时地向所述自发光显示屏幕上方的手指进行打光，其中所述环境条件与所述自发光显示屏幕的环境信息有关。
  22. 根据权利要求20所述的指纹识别方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述自发光显示屏幕的环境信息，选择所述自发光显示屏幕位于指纹检测区域的自发光显示像素发出的可见光和检测光源发出的非可见的探测光中的至少一个作为用于指纹识别的激励光，包括：
    判断当前所述自发光显示屏幕的环境信息是否满足第一预设条件，其中 所述第一预设条件为当前所述自发光显示屏幕处于暗光环境且当前所述自发光显示屏幕处于黑屏状态；
    在满足所述第一预设条件时，控制所述检测光源发出非可见的探测光来作为指纹识别的激励光，并将所述激励光照射到所述自发光显示屏幕上方的手指以产生所述指纹检测光。
  23. 根据权利要求20所述的指纹识别方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述自发光显示屏幕的环境信息，选择所述自发光显示屏幕位于指纹检测区域的自发光显示像素发出的可见光和检测光源发出的非可见的探测光中的至少一个作为用于指纹识别的激励光，还包括：
    判断当前所述自发光显示屏幕的环境信息是否满足第二预设条件，其中所述第二预设条件为当前所述自发光显示屏幕处于亮光环境或者当前所述自发光显示屏幕处于亮屏状态；
    在满足所述第二预设条件时，控制所述自发光显示屏幕位于指纹检测区域的自发光显示像素发光以显示一个高亮光斑；
    将所述高亮光斑发出的可见光作为指纹识别的激励光，并照射到所述自发光显示屏幕上方的手指以产生所述指纹检测光。
  24. 根据权利要求22所述的指纹识别方法，其特征在于，所述判断当前所述自发光显示屏幕的环境信息是否满足第一预设条件，包括：
    判断所述自发光显示屏幕所在的电子装置的***时间是否为夜间；
    若是，则直接确定当前所述自发光显示屏幕处于暗光环境；
    否则，检测所述自发光显示屏幕当前所处的环境光强度，根据所述环境光强度，判断当前所述自发光显示屏幕是否处于暗光环境。
  25. 一种电子装置，其特征在于，包括如权利要求19所述的屏下指纹识别***。
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