WO2021233712A1 - Installation de stockage pour gaz liquéfié - Google Patents

Installation de stockage pour gaz liquéfié Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021233712A1
WO2021233712A1 PCT/EP2021/062283 EP2021062283W WO2021233712A1 WO 2021233712 A1 WO2021233712 A1 WO 2021233712A1 EP 2021062283 W EP2021062283 W EP 2021062283W WO 2021233712 A1 WO2021233712 A1 WO 2021233712A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
primary
wall
insulating
thermally insulating
connection ring
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2021/062283
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Julien COUTEAU
Edouard DUCLOY
Original Assignee
Gaztransport Et Technigaz
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gaztransport Et Technigaz filed Critical Gaztransport Et Technigaz
Priority to KR1020227044174A priority Critical patent/KR20230012570A/ko
Priority to CN202180036285.2A priority patent/CN115667783A/zh
Publication of WO2021233712A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021233712A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/004—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels for large storage vessels not under pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/24—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of pipe-lines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/30—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures
    • B63B27/34—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures using pipe-lines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B73/00—Building or assembling vessels or marine structures, e.g. hulls or offshore platforms
    • B63B73/20—Building or assembling prefabricated vessel modules or parts other than hull blocks, e.g. engine rooms, rudders, propellers, superstructures, berths, holds or tanks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B2231/00—Material used for some parts or elements, or for particular purposes
    • B63B2231/02—Metallic materials
    • B63B2231/04—Irons, steels or ferrous alloys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0147—Shape complex
    • F17C2201/0157—Polygonal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0358—Thermal insulations by solid means in form of panels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F17C2203/0639—Steels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F17C2203/0639—Steels
    • F17C2203/0643—Stainless steels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F17C2203/0648—Alloys or compositions of metals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0311—Closure means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/01—Improving mechanical properties or manufacturing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • F17C2270/0107—Wall panels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of storage installations for liquefied gas comprising a sealed and thermally insulating tank, with membranes.
  • the invention relates to the field of sealed and thermally insulating tanks for the storage and / or transport of liquefied gas at low temperature, such as tanks for the transport of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (also called LPG) exhibiting by example a temperature between -50 ° C and 0 ° C, or for the transport of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) at approximately -162 ° C at atmospheric pressure.
  • LPG Liquefied Petroleum Gas
  • LNG Liquefied Natural Gas
  • Document FR2991430 describes a storage installation for liquefied gas comprising a sealed and thermally insulating tank integrated into a supporting structure formed by the double hull of a ship.
  • Each wall of the tank includes a secondary thermally insulating barrier, a secondary waterproofing membrane, a primary thermally insulating barrier and a primary waterproofing membrane.
  • the tank has a protruding portion in the form of a chimney called a liquid dome.
  • the supporting structure is locally interrupted so as to delimit a loading / unloading opening intended to be crossed by fluid loading / unloading pipes.
  • the load-bearing structure comprises a vertical load-bearing wall called a coaming which rises above the ship's deck and a horizontal wall at the top of the vertical load-bearing wall, which forms a superstructure on the deck of the ship. ship called dome seat.
  • the horizontal wall of the dome seat extends all around the opening and supports a cover.
  • dome implies that the loading / unloading pipes, intended for the inlet / outlet of the liquefied gas contained in the tank, must thus extend high above the deck on the seat of the tank. dome, which results in a cumbersome and difficult to access installation for the maintenance / management of these pipes, as well as an expensive and cumbersome structure on the ship's deck
  • An idea underlying the invention is to simplify the supporting structure of the storage facility to reduce the costs and space requirement of the facility.
  • Another idea underlying the invention is to adapt the lid and the elements of the tank close to the opening to such a simplification of the storage installation
  • certain aspects of the invention start from the observation that when the tank is subjected to a strong variation in temperature, in particular at the level of the loading / unloading pipes passing through the cover, for example during the loading of the tank with liquefied gas, the proximity of insulating elements with a connection ring of a sealing membrane to the supporting structure can generate a thickness differential in the tank wall. Indeed, if the thermally insulating barrier contracts more than the connection ring which supports the waterproofing membrane, the consequence is to move the waterproofing membrane away from the thermally insulating barrier. However, the thermally insulating barrier also has the role of supporting the waterproofing membrane. Such a gap therefore tends to weaken the waterproofing membrane and increase the risk of damage
  • the invention provides a storage installation for liquefied gas comprising a supporting structure and a sealed and thermally insulating tank arranged in the supporting structure, the sealed and thermally insulating tank comprising a main structure formed by a plurality of tank walls connected to each other and fixed to the supporting structure, the main structure defining an internal storage space, the main structure comprising, from the supporting structure towards the internal storage space in a direction of wall thickness, a secondary thermally insulating barrier attached to the supporting structure, a secondary waterproofing membrane supported by the secondary thermally insulating barrier, a primary thermally insulating barrier supported by the membrane d 'secondary waterproofing and comprising a plurality of rows of primary insulating panels, and a primary waterproofing membrane supported by the primary thermally insulating barrier, the supporting structure comprising a substantially planar upper supporting wall, the primary waterproofing membrane and the upper bearing wall being interrupted so as to delimit a loading / unloading opening intended to be crossed by fluid loading / unloading pipes, in which the tank
  • the thermally insulating junction structure makes it possible to limit the contraction gap between the thermal insulation and the connection ring near the connection ring in order to maintain a support for the primary waterproofing membrane. and thus avoid any damage to the primary waterproofing membrane.
  • the storage facility does not include a dome seat and therefore a superstructure protruding from the top load-bearing wall, thereby simplifying the storage facility and reducing the space requirement on the top load-bearing wall.
  • fixing By fixing, connecting, welding “in a sealed manner” is meant a connection between the two elements fixed together which is liquid-tight and gas-tight, for example in the case of welding using a continuous weld bead. .
  • the orientation of the wall thickness direction depends on the orientation of the wall on which the elements in question are located. Indeed, for a vertical wall, the direction of wall thickness will therefore be a direction oriented horizontally while for a horizontal wall the direction of wall thickness will therefore be a direction oriented vertically.
  • such a storage installation may include one or more of the following characteristics.
  • the thermally insulating junction structure comprises a coefficient of thermal expansion in the thickness direction of between 4.10 -6 and 38.10 -6 K -1 .
  • the thermally insulating junction structure is formed from a plurality of different materials
  • the material extending in the thickness direction and contracting the least will mainly induce the thermal expansion coefficient of the thermally insulating structure of junction.
  • the thermally insulating junction structure comprises a plywood plate extending in the direction of thickness and a block of foam
  • only the coefficient of thermal expansion of the material extending in the thickness direction and contracting the least will be considered.
  • the primary connection ring connects the lower cover wall to the upper cover wall, so as to be attached to the supporting structure via the upper cover wall.
  • the secondary connection ring connects the secondary sealing membrane to the upper cover wall, so as to be attached to the supporting structure via the upper cover wall.
  • the thermally insulating junction structures are juxtaposed to each other in a transverse wall direction perpendicular to the wall thickness direction.
  • the lower cover wall is connected in a sealed manner to the primary waterproofing membrane by means of a connecting piece comprising a first wing fixed to the primary waterproofing membrane of the main structure and a second wing connected to the first wing and fixed to the lower cover wall.
  • the upper cover wall is placed in the plane of the upper bearing wall.
  • the secondary connection ring and the primary connection ring extend in the direction of wall thickness.
  • the primary thermally insulating barrier comprises end primary insulating panels forming a row adjacent to the heat insulating ring, the end primary insulating panels being aligned with the secondary connection ring in the direction of wall thickness and the primary insulation boards of the other rows being aligned with secondary insulation boards of the secondary thermally insulating barrier in the direction of wall thickness, the average of the coefficient of thermal expansion of a primary insulation board d 'end and of the secondary connection ring being less than the average coefficient of thermal expansion of a primary insulating panel and a secondary insulating panel.
  • the average of the coefficient of thermal expansion of a primary end insulating panel and of the secondary connection ring is greater than the coefficient of thermal expansion of the thermally insulating junction structure.
  • the end primary insulating panels have a coefficient of thermal expansion in the direction of wall thickness of between 60.10 -6 and 71.10 -6 K -1
  • the primary insulating panels have a coefficient of expansion thermal in the direction of wall thickness between 60.10 -6 and 71.10 -6 K -1 .
  • the thermally insulating junction structure directly supports the primary waterproofing membrane or through the primary insulating end panel.
  • a protruding part of the primary insulating end panel protrudes between the primary connection ring and the secondary connection ring and at a distance from the primary connection ring, the protruding part of the primary insulating panel end being supported by the thermally insulating junction structure.
  • the thermally insulating junction structure has a staircase shape comprising a step, the step being configured to accommodate the protruding part of the primary insulating end panel.
  • the primary connection ring and the lower cover wall are made of an iron and nickel alloy having a thermal expansion coefficient of between 0.5.10 -6 and 2.10 -6 K -1 .
  • the connecting piece is made from an iron and nickel alloy having a thermal expansion coefficient of between 0.5.10 -6 and 2.10 -6 K -1 .
  • the thermally insulating junction structure is made in one piece.
  • the thermally insulating junction structure comprises a first insulating junction panel and a second insulating junction panel juxtaposed with the first insulating panel, the first insulating junction panel and the second insulating junction panel extending into the wall thickness direction.
  • the thermally insulating one-piece junction structure or the first and second insulating junction panels are produced by assembling a layer of insulating foam between two plywood plates, the plywood plates extending parallel to the direction of wall thickness.
  • the insulating foam layer is reinforced with fibers, the fibers being oriented in the direction of wall thickness.
  • the fibers are glass fibers.
  • the thermally insulating one-piece junction structure or the first and second insulating junction panels are made in the form of a plywood box filled with insulating lining.
  • the insulating lining is made of glass wool, perlite, airgel, polymer foam or a combination of two or more of these materials.
  • the upper bearing wall is an upper internal bearing wall, the bearing structure comprising an internal bearing structure comprising the substantially planar internal upper bearing wall and an external bearing structure comprising a substantially planar outer upper bearing wall disposed above of the upper internal supporting wall, the main structure of the tank being arranged in the internal supporting structure.
  • the upper bearing wall is an upper outer bearing wall
  • the bearing structure comprising an internal bearing structure comprising a substantially planar internal upper bearing wall and an external bearing structure comprising the substantially planar outer upper bearing wall disposed above of the upper internal supporting wall, the main structure of the tank being arranged in the internal supporting structure.
  • the cover comprises stiffeners arranged on the upper cover wall in order to increase the rigidity and the resistance of the cover, for example during the deformation of the supporting structure.
  • the opening has a rectangular outline.
  • the coefficient of thermal expansion of the material of the connecting piece is equal to the coefficient of thermal expansion of the material of the lower cover wall.
  • the storage installation comprises a loading / unloading tower comprising a plurality of loading / unloading conduits, the loading / unloading conduits sealingly passing through the cover through orifices formed in the cover.
  • the primary waterproofing membrane comprises a plurality of corrugated metal sheets, the corrugated metal sheets being juxtaposed in a repeated pattern and welded together in a sealed manner.
  • the metal sheets are made of stainless steel.
  • the lower cover wall comprises a plurality of flat metal plates, the flat metal plates being assembled together.
  • Such a storage installation can be an onshore storage installation, for example for storing LNG or be installed in a floating, coastal or deep water structure, in particular an LNG vessel, a floating storage and regasification unit (FSRU), a floating production and remote storage unit (FPSO) and others.
  • FSRU floating storage and regasification unit
  • FPSO floating production and remote storage unit
  • Such a storage installation can also serve as a fuel tank in any type of vessel.
  • a ship for transporting a cold liquid product comprises a double hull and a above-mentioned storage installation arranged in the double hull.
  • the ship comprises an above-mentioned storage installation and a deck, the upper supporting wall of the supporting structure being formed by the deck.
  • the ship comprises an aforementioned storage installation, an internal deck and an external deck, the upper internal load-bearing wall of the load-bearing structure being formed by the internal bridge and the upper external load-bearing wall being formed by the external bridge.
  • the invention also provides a transfer system for a cold liquid product, the system comprising the aforementioned vessel, insulated pipes arranged so as to connect the tank installed in the hull of the vessel to an external storage installation. floating or terrestrial and a pump for driving a flow of cold liquid product through the insulated pipes from or towards the external floating or terrestrial storage installation towards or from the vessel of the vessel.
  • the invention also provides a method of loading or unloading such a vessel, in which a cold liquid product is conveyed through insulated pipes from or to an external floating or terrestrial storage installation to or from the vessel's tank.
  • The represents a schematic sectional view of a storage installation according to a first embodiment.
  • a storage installation 1 comprising a double supporting structure composed of an internal supporting structure 2 and an external supporting structure 3 surrounding the internal supporting structure 2.
  • the storage installation 1 comprises a sealed and thermally insulating tank 71 which will be described below.
  • the internal load-bearing structure 2 and the external load-bearing structure 3 comprise a plurality of walls connected to each other and in particular an internal upper load-bearing wall 4 and an external upper load-bearing wall 5 respectively, which are located, as can be seen in the figure. , at the top of the storage facility 1.
  • the supporting structure 2, 3 is formed by the double hull of the ship.
  • the inner upper load-bearing wall 4 is thus called the inner deck 4 of the ship while the outer top load-bearing wall 5 is called the outer deck 5 of the ship.
  • the tank 71 comprises a main structure 6 formed of a bottom wall (not shown), a ceiling wall 7, two cofferdam walls 8 connecting the bottom wall to the ceiling wall 7 and located at the front and at the rear when the storage facility 1 is located on a ship, two side walls (not shown) and optionally two to four chamfer walls (not shown) connecting the side walls to the bottom wall or to the ceiling wall 7.
  • the walls of the tank 71 are thus connected to each other so as to form a polyhedral structure and to define an internal storage space 9.
  • the storage installation 1 comprises a loading / unloading opening 10 locally interrupting the upper external bearing wall 5, the upper internal bearing wall 4 and the ceiling wall 7 of the tank. 71 so as to allow the loading / unloading pipes 11 to reach the bottom of the tank 71 by passing through this opening 10.
  • the storage installation 1 also comprises a loading / unloading tower 13 located in line with the opening 10 and inside the tank 71 forming a support structure for the loading / unloading pipes 11 over the entire height of the storage facility. the tank 71 as well as for the pumps (not shown).
  • the storage installation 1 comprises a cover 12 arranged in the loading / unloading opening 10 in order to enclose the internal storage space 9 at the level of said opening 10.
  • the cover 12 comprises orifices 14 allowing the conduits loading / unloading 11 to pass through the cover 12.
  • the tank 71 also includes a chimney 15 located on the main structure 6 at the opening and allowing the tank walls to extend continuously from the internal bridge 4 towards the bottom. external bridge 5 at the level where these are interrupted by the loading / unloading opening 10.
  • a chimney 15 provided with said cover 12 is called: the liquid dome.
  • the present invention is illustrated here with reference to the area of the liquid dome but one could also consider the application of this invention to another chimney of a tank 71, such as conventionally the gas dome.
  • the loading / unloading opening 10 as well as the chimney 15 has a rectangular outline.
  • the chimney 15 thus comprises four walls, one being the extension of the rear cofferdam wall 8, as visible on the figure. , while the other three are connected to the ceiling wall 7 and form an angle of 90 ° therewith.
  • the tank 71 is a membrane tank 71 for storing liquefied gas.
  • the main structure 6 of the tank 71 comprises a multilayer structure comprising, from the outside to the inside in a direction of wall thickness, a secondary thermally insulating barrier 16 comprising insulating elements, resting against the supporting structure, a membrane secondary sealing 17 resting against the secondary thermally insulating barrier 16, a primary thermally insulating barrier 18 comprising primary insulating panels 39, resting against the secondary waterproofing membrane 17 and a primary waterproofing membrane 19 intended to be in contact with the liquefied gas contained in the tank 71.
  • the main structure 6 of the tank 71 is produced using Mark III® technology which is described in particular in document FR-A-2691520.
  • the secondary thermally insulating barrier 16, the primary thermally insulating barrier and the secondary waterproofing membrane 17 essentially consist of panels juxtaposed on the supporting structure, which can be the internal supporting structure 2 or the connecting structure.
  • the secondary waterproofing membrane 17 is formed of a composite material comprising an aluminum foil sandwiched between two sheets of fabric in fiberglass.
  • the primary waterproofing membrane 19 is in turn obtained by assembling a plurality of metal plates, welded to each other along their edges, and comprising corrugations extending in two perpendicular directions.
  • the metal plates are, for example, made of stainless steel or aluminum sheets, shaped by bending or by stamping.
  • the primary waterproofing membrane 19 is particularly illustrated in Figures 2 and 4.
  • the secondary waterproofing membrane 17 is interrupted at an interruption 40 and is fixed at the level of said interruption 40 to the supporting structure by means of a secondary connection ring 21 projecting, in the direction of wall thickness, of the internal surface of the supporting wall of the chimney being in this zone a wall connecting the internal bridge 4 to the external bridge 5.
  • the secondary connection ring 21 is made of stainless steel.
  • the cover 12 also comprises a multilayer structure comprising, from the outside inwards, an upper cover wall 22, a lower cover wall 23 and a thermal insulation structure 24 located between the lower cover wall 23 and the cover. top cover wall 22. Cover 12 also includes stiffeners 25 located on top cover wall 22.
  • the cover 12 is disposed in the loading / unloading opening 10 so that the upper cover wall 22 is placed in the plane of the upper external bearing wall 5 or external bridge 5.
  • the storage installation 1 does not has no dome seat and the cover 12 does not protrude above the outer deck 5.
  • the top wall of the cover 22 is sealed to the outer bridge 5 all around the opening 10 so that at the level of the cover 12, it is the top wall of the cover 22 which acts as a sealing membrane.
  • the upper cover wall 22 is produced using a metallic material, for example stainless steel.
  • the lower cover wall 23 is sealed to the primary waterproofing membrane 19 of the main structure 6, here the chimney 15, using a connecting piece 26.
  • the lower cover wall 23 is also sealed to the loading / unloading pipes 11.
  • the lower cover wall 23 is directly welded to the primary waterproofing membrane 18 without connecting part 26.
  • the thermal insulation structure 24 of the cover 12 comprises a plurality of insulating elements juxtaposed to each other which may be of similar or different constitution.
  • the insulating elements located in line with the lower cover wall 23 and the connecting piece 26 are structural insulating elements while the insulating elements located on the periphery of the thermal insulation structure 24 are elements.
  • non-structural insulators the so-called “structural” insulating elements essentially having properties or characteristics of mechanical strength which are superior, or even much superior, to the so-called “non-structural” insulating elements.
  • the structural insulating elements can be high density polymer foam blocks optionally reinforced with fibers or plywood or composite boxes filled with insulating padding such as glass wool, polymer foam or perlite.
  • the non-structural insulating elements can be low density polymer foam blocks or glass wool.
  • the connecting piece 26 comprises a first wing 27 welded in a sealed manner to the waterproofing membrane of the main structure 6 and a second wing 28 connected to the first wing 27 and welded in a sealed manner to the lower wall of the cover 23, all around the lower cover wall 23.
  • This connecting piece 26 is designed differently depending on the design of the lower cover wall 23.
  • the lower cover wall 23 is formed by an assembly of flat metal plates welded to each other by overlapping.
  • These flat metal plates are here flat metal plates with a low coefficient of thermal expansion, in the present case between 0.5.10 -6 and 2.10 -6 K -1 , so as to contract very little during the passage of the liquefied gas in the loading / unloading pipes 11.
  • the flat metal plates are made for example from an alloy of iron and nickel called Invar.
  • the secondary sealing membrane 17 of the main structure 6 can also be made in the same way as the lower cover wall 23, namely by means of flat metal plates welded to each other by overlapping.
  • the secondary sealing membrane 17 also has flat end metal plates located at the level of the interruption 40 which are welded to the secondary connection ring 21.
  • the connecting piece 26 is made of a material having the same coefficient of thermal expansion as the material of the lower cover wall 23 so as to contract and expand homogeneously with the lower cover wall 23.
  • the connecting piece 26 is also made of an iron and nickel alloy having a thermal expansion coefficient of between 0.5.10 -6 and 2.10 -6 K -1 .
  • the connecting piece 26 is thus formed of a continuous strip formed all around the lower cover wall 23. This strip is produced using one or more connecting elements forming the first wing 27 and the second wing 28. .
  • the connecting piece 26 is fixed to a primary connecting ring 41 all around the lower cover wall 23 and at the junction between the first wing 27 and the second wing 28.
  • the primary connecting ring 41 protrudes, according to the figure. direction of wall thickness, from the inner surface of the chimney bearing wall.
  • the primary connection ring 41 is made of stainless steel.
  • the primary connection ring 41 makes it possible to connect the lower cover wall 23 to the supporting structure.
  • the primary connecting ring 41 can also be made from an alloy of iron and nickel having a coefficient of thermal expansion of between 0.5.10 -6 and 2.10 -6 K -1 .
  • the connecting piece 26 comprises a third wing located in the same plane as the first wing 27 and connected to the first wing 27 and to the second wing 28 so as to form a connecting piece 26 to T-section.
  • the third wing is fixed to the primary connection ring 41 so as to form an anchoring of the primary waterproofing membrane 19 and of the lower cover wall 23 at the level of the connecting piece 26.
  • the first wing 27 and the third wing can be formed integrally.
  • the first wing 27 and the second wing 28 can be formed from the same plate which has been bent.
  • the tank 71 comprises a thermal insulation ring 42 which comprises a plurality of thermally insulating junction structures 43 juxtaposed to one another fixed to the supporting structure, and formed between the primary connection ring 41 and the connection ring secondary 21.
  • the thermal insulation ring 42 makes it possible to position and support the primary connection ring 41 and the connecting piece 26. It also makes it possible to complete the primary thermally insulating barrier in this zone and finally makes it possible to limit the gap linked to the thermal contraction between the primary connection ring 41 and the thermal insulation, so as to maintain a support for the primary waterproofing membrane in this zone.
  • the primary connection ring is described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 5 to 12 relating to a plurality of variant embodiments.
  • the thermally insulating junction structures 43 have a coefficient of thermal expansion in the direction of wall thickness which is lower than that of the other primary insulating panels 39 so as to be closer to the coefficient of thermal expansion of the ring. primary connection 41 and thus limit this contraction difference.
  • the coefficient of thermal expansion in the direction of wall thickness of the thermally insulating junction structure 43 is between 4.10 -6 and 38.10 -6 K -1 .
  • the primary thermally insulating barrier 18 has primary insulating end panels 44 forming a row adjacent to the heat insulating ring 42.
  • the primary insulating end panels 44 may have a different composition than the primary insulating panels 39 of the rest. of the primary thermally insulating barrier 18.
  • the end primary insulation panels 44 are aligned with the secondary connection ring 21 in the direction of wall thickness while the primary insulation panels 39 of the other rows are aligned with secondary insulation panels of the secondary thermal insulation barrier 16. in the thickness direction.
  • the average of the coefficient of thermal expansion of a primary insulating end panel 44 and of the secondary connection ring 21 is greater than the coefficient of thermal expansion of the thermally insulating junction structure 43.
  • the average of the coefficient thermal expansion of a primary insulating end panel 44 and of the secondary connection ring 21 is less than the average coefficient of thermal expansion of a primary insulating panel 39 and a secondary insulating panel.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 represent a second embodiment of the storage installation 1.
  • the upper cover wall 22 is here placed in the plane of the upper internal bearing wall 4 or internal bridge 4.
  • the main structure 6 of the tank 71 does not include a chimney 15 and stops in its upper portion at the ceiling wall 7.
  • the cover 12 is therefore the extension of the ceiling wall 7 allowing the passage of the loading / unloading pipes 11 and the loading / unloading tower 13 without protruding from the internal bridge 4 and a fortiori from the external bridge 5, as visible on the .
  • the cover 12 makes it possible to connect the ceiling wall 7 to the rear cofferdam wall 8 to the right of the opening.
  • the external bridge 5 can be provided with a closing element which is positioned in line with the opening in order to close the external bridge 5 after insertion of the loading / unloading pipes 11 and of the cover 12.
  • connection element 26 therefore comprises, at the level of the three edges connected to the primary roof waterproofing membrane 19, connecting elements for which the first wing 27 and the second wing 28 are formed in the same plane.
  • FIGS 5 to 12 illustrate more specifically the thermal insulation ring 42 and in particular one of the thermally insulating junction structures 43 according to several variant embodiments.
  • a protruding part 45 of the primary insulating end panel 44 protrudes between the primary connection ring 41 and the secondary connection ring 21 and at a distance from the primary connection ring 41.
  • the thermally insulating junction structure 43 has a staircase shape comprising a step 46 so as to accommodate the projecting part 45 of the primary insulating end panel 44 at the level of said step 46.
  • the thermally insulating junction structure 43 thus has a shape with an L-section. The projecting part 45 of the primary insulating end panel 44 is thus supported by the thermally insulating junction structure 43.
  • the thermally insulating structure of junction 43 thus has a portion between the primary connection ring 41 and the projecting part 45 which directly supports the primary waterproofing membrane 19 and the connecting piece 26.
  • the thermally insulating junction structure 43 is formed integrally.
  • Each thermally insulating one-piece junction structure 43 is produced in the form of a plywood box 51 filled with insulating lining, such as, for example, glass wool or perlite.
  • This variant is similar to the first variant and differs from it only by the materials used for the thermally insulating junction structure 43.
  • the thermally insulating junction structure 43 is produced by assembling a layer of insulating foam 50 between two plywood plates 49.
  • the plywood plates extend parallel to the direction of wall thickness.
  • the insulating foam layer 50 is reinforced with fibers, the fibers being oriented in the direction of wall thickness.
  • This variant is similar to the first variant and is not distinguished from the latter by a structure that is not one-piece but in two parts.
  • the thermally insulating junction structure 43 comprises a first insulating junction panel 47 and a second insulating junction panel 48 juxtaposed to the first insulating panel 47, the first insulating junction panel 47 and the second insulating panel junction 48 extending parallel to the direction of wall thickness.
  • the step 46 is formed by a dimensional deviation between the dimension of the first insulating junction panel 47 and the dimension of the second insulating junction panel 48 in the direction of wall thickness.
  • the second insulating junction panel 48 here supports the projecting part 45 of the primary insulating end panel 44 while the first insulating junction panel 47 directly supports the primary waterproofing membrane 19 and / or the connecting piece 26 .
  • This variant is similar to the third variant and differs from it only by the materials used for the insulating junction panels 47, 48.
  • the junction insulating panels 47, 48 are produced by assembling a layer of insulating foam 50 between two plywood plates 49.
  • the plywood plates extend parallel to the direction of wall thickness.
  • the insulating foam layer 50 is reinforced with fibers, the fibers being oriented in the direction of wall thickness.
  • This variant is similar to the first variant and is distinguished from it by a protruding part 45 more pronounced and an absence of step 46 for the thermally insulating structure of junction 43.
  • the projecting part 45 of the primary insulating end panel 44 protrudes between the primary connection ring 41 and the secondary connection ring 21 until it is directly adjacent to the primary connection ring 41.
  • the thermally insulating structure junction 43 is thus of rectangular parallelepiped shape and supports the projecting part 45 so as to indirectly support the primary waterproofing membrane 19.
  • This variant is similar to the fifth variant and differs from it only by the materials used for the insulating junction panels 47, 48.
  • each insulating junction panel 47, 48 is produced using a plywood box 51 while in the sixth variant, the insulating junction panels 47, 48 are produced by assembling a insulating foam layer 50 between two plywood sheets 49.
  • the plywood sheets extend parallel to the wall thickness direction.
  • the insulating foam layer 50 is reinforced with fibers, the fibers being oriented in the direction of wall thickness.
  • This variant is similar to the first variant and is distinguished from the latter by an absence of projecting part 45 and an absence of step 46 for the thermally insulating structure of junction 43.
  • the end primary insulating panel 44 is located at a distance from the primary connection ring 41 and has a wall aligned with the secondary connection ring 21 so as not to protrude between the primary connection ring 41 and the secondary connection ring 21.
  • the thermally insulating junction structure 43 is thus of rectangular parallelepiped shape and directly supports the primary waterproofing membrane 19 and the connecting piece 26.
  • This variant is similar to the seventh variant and differs from it only by the materials used for the thermally insulating junction structure 43 in one piece.
  • the thermally insulating junction structure 43 is produced using a plywood box 51 while in the eighth variant, the thermally insulating junction structure 43 are produced by the assembly of a layer of insulating foam 50 between two plywood sheets 49.
  • the plywood sheets extend parallel to the direction of wall thickness.
  • the insulating foam layer 50 is reinforced with fibers, the fibers being oriented in the direction of wall thickness.
  • the liquefied gas intended to be stored in the tank 71 can in particular be a liquefied natural gas (LNG), that is to say a gas mixture mainly comprising methane as well as one or more other hydrocarbons.
  • Liquefied gas can also be ethane or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), that is to say a mixture of hydrocarbons obtained from the refining of petroleum comprising mainly propane and butane.
  • a cutaway view of an LNG carrier 70 shows a sealed and insulated tank 71 of generally prismatic shape mounted in the double hull 72 of the ship.
  • the wall of the vessel 71 comprises a primary watertight barrier intended to be in contact with the LNG contained in the vessel, a secondary watertight barrier arranged between the primary watertight barrier and the double hull 72 of the vessel, and two insulating barriers arranged respectively between the vessel. primary watertight barrier and the secondary watertight barrier and between the secondary watertight barrier and the double shell 72.
  • loading / unloading pipes 73 arranged on the upper deck of the ship can be connected, by means of suitable connectors, to a maritime or port terminal for transferring a cargo of LNG from or to the tank 71.
  • the shows an example of a maritime terminal comprising a loading and unloading station 75, an underwater pipe 76 and an onshore installation 77.
  • the loading and unloading station 75 is a fixed off-shore installation comprising a movable arm 74 and a tower 78 which supports the movable arm 74.
  • the movable arm 74 carries a bundle of insulated flexible pipes 79 which can be connected to the loading / unloading pipes 73.
  • the movable arm 74 can be swiveled and adapts to all sizes of LNG carriers.
  • a connecting pipe (not shown) extends inside the tower 78.
  • the loading and unloading station 75 allows the loading and unloading of the LNG carrier 70 from or to the onshore installation 77.
  • the latter comprises liquefied gas storage tanks 80 and connecting pipes 81 connected by the underwater pipe 76 to the loading or unloading station 75.
  • the underwater pipe 76 allows the transfer of the liquefied gas between the loading or unloading station 75 and the installation on land 77 over a great distance, for example 5 km, which makes it possible to keep the LNG carrier 70 at a great distance from the coast during loading and unloading operations.
  • pumps on board the ship 70 and / or pumps fitted to the shore installation 77 and / or pumps fitted to the loading and unloading station 75 are used.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
PCT/EP2021/062283 2020-05-20 2021-05-10 Installation de stockage pour gaz liquéfié WO2021233712A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

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KR1020227044174A KR20230012570A (ko) 2020-05-20 2021-05-10 액화 가스 저장 설비
CN202180036285.2A CN115667783A (zh) 2020-05-20 2021-05-10 用于液化气的储存设施

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR2005277A FR3110669A1 (fr) 2020-05-20 2020-05-20 Installation de stockage pour gaz liquéfié
FRFR2005277 2020-05-20

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CN (1) CN115667783A (zh)
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3130931B1 (fr) * 2021-12-17 2023-12-22 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Installation de stockage d’un gaz liquéfié comportant une cuve et une structure de dôme

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2691520A1 (fr) 1992-05-20 1993-11-26 Technigaz Ste Nle Structure préfabriquée de formation de parois étanches et thermiquement isolantes pour enceinte de confinement d'un fluide à très basse température.
FR2861060A1 (fr) 2003-10-16 2005-04-22 Gaz Transport & Technigaz Structure de paroi etanche et cuve munie d'une telle structure
FR2991430A1 (fr) 2012-05-31 2013-12-06 Gaztransp Et Technigaz Procede d'etancheification d'une barriere d'etancheite secondaire d'une cuve etanche et thermiquement isolante
EP2792590A1 (en) * 2011-12-16 2014-10-22 Samsung Heavy Ind. Co., Ltd. Structure for mounting pump tower of lng storage tank and manufacturing method thereof
WO2020002812A1 (fr) * 2018-06-25 2020-01-02 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Procede d'assemblage d'un dome liquide
KR102082501B1 (ko) * 2018-08-29 2020-02-28 현대중공업 주식회사 액체화물 저장탱크 및 이를 구비한 해양구조물

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2691520A1 (fr) 1992-05-20 1993-11-26 Technigaz Ste Nle Structure préfabriquée de formation de parois étanches et thermiquement isolantes pour enceinte de confinement d'un fluide à très basse température.
FR2861060A1 (fr) 2003-10-16 2005-04-22 Gaz Transport & Technigaz Structure de paroi etanche et cuve munie d'une telle structure
EP2792590A1 (en) * 2011-12-16 2014-10-22 Samsung Heavy Ind. Co., Ltd. Structure for mounting pump tower of lng storage tank and manufacturing method thereof
FR2991430A1 (fr) 2012-05-31 2013-12-06 Gaztransp Et Technigaz Procede d'etancheification d'une barriere d'etancheite secondaire d'une cuve etanche et thermiquement isolante
WO2020002812A1 (fr) * 2018-06-25 2020-01-02 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Procede d'assemblage d'un dome liquide
KR102082501B1 (ko) * 2018-08-29 2020-02-28 현대중공업 주식회사 액체화물 저장탱크 및 이를 구비한 해양구조물

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