WO2021206569A1 - Régime alimentaire à base de poisson, pour animaux - Google Patents

Régime alimentaire à base de poisson, pour animaux Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021206569A1
WO2021206569A1 PCT/OM2020/050009 OM2020050009W WO2021206569A1 WO 2021206569 A1 WO2021206569 A1 WO 2021206569A1 OM 2020050009 W OM2020050009 W OM 2020050009W WO 2021206569 A1 WO2021206569 A1 WO 2021206569A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
meal
fish
percent
diet
chicken feathers
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/OM2020/050009
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ahmed AL-SOOTI
Wenresti GALLARDO
Michel CLAEREBOUDT
Original Assignee
Sultan Qaboos University
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sultan Qaboos University filed Critical Sultan Qaboos University
Publication of WO2021206569A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021206569A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/174—Vitamins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/30—Oligoelements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L13/00—Meat products; Meat meal; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L13/20—Meat products; Meat meal; Preparation or treatment thereof from offal, e.g. rinds, skins, marrow, tripes, feet, ears or snouts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L17/00—Food-from-the-sea products; Fish products; Fish meal; Fish-egg substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L17/10—Fish meal or powder; Granules, agglomerates or flakes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a fish diet for animals and, more particularly, to a fish diet for aquatic animals.
  • Aquaculture is the fastest growing food-producing industry in the world. Feeding is one of the most critical aspects of aquaculture as feed determines the outcome of health and weight of aquatic animals. Further, feed costs often represent single highest operating expense for an aquaculture enterprise.
  • One of the examples of the feed is a fish diet.
  • the fish diet must be highly digestible and meet nutritional requirements of aquatic animals.
  • Fish meal has been used as a primary ingredient in the fish diet. Fish meal is used in the fish diet because it is high in protein concentration, and it is also a good source of calcium, phosphorus, and other minerals. Fish meal is particularly popular in aquaculture feeds because of its high protein content, high digestibility, and balanced amino acid profile for aquatic animals.
  • a fish diet in one aspect of the present disclosure, includes a fish meal and at least one of a first meal prepared from chicken feathers and a second meal prepared from algae. The at least one of the first meal and the second meal is mixed with the fish meal in a desired proportion.
  • the algae is macro-algae of species Ulva fasciata.
  • the fish diet further includes soybean meal, wheat flour, wheat bran, corn starch, fish oil, vitamin and mineral premix, yeast, or any combination thereof.
  • the vitamin and mineral premix includes retinol, cholecalciferol, alpha tocopheryl acetate, ascorbic acid, menadione sodium bisulphite, thiamine hydrochloride, riboflavin, cyanocobalamin, nicotinamide, folic acid, calcium pantothenate, biotin, ethoxyquin, cobalt sulphate, copper sulphate, iron sulphate, manganese oxide, zinc sulphate or any combination thereof.
  • the fish diet further includes crude protein content of about 44 percent to about 45 percent by weight, crude protein content of about 44 percent to about 45 percent by weight, crude fat content of about 11 percent to about 12 percent by weight, comprising crude fiber content of about 2 percent to about 3 percent by weight, moisture content of about 4 percent to about 6 percent by weight, and ash content of about 6 percent to about 9 percent by weight.
  • the fish diet includes at least about 65 percent of the fish meal. Further, up to 35 percent of the fish meal is replaced with the first meal and up to 20 percent of the fish meal is replaced with the second meal.
  • a method of preparing a fish diet includes grounding treated chicken feathers and blending the grounded chicken feathers to obtain a first meal.
  • the method further includes grounding air-dried algae and blending the grounded algae to obtain a second meal.
  • the method further includes mixing at least one of the first meal and the second meal with a fish meal to obtain the fish diet.
  • the fish diet further includes soybean meal, wheat flour, wheat bran, corn starch, fish oil, vitamin and mineral premix, yeast, or any combination thereof.
  • the vitamin and mineral premix includes retinol, cholecalciferol, alpha tocopheryl acetate, ascorbic acid, menadione sodium bisulphite, thiamine hydrochloride, riboflavin, cyanocobalamin, nicotinamide, folic acid, calcium pantothenate, biotin, ethoxyquin, cobalt sulphate, copper sulphate, iron sulphate, manganese oxide, zinc sulphate or any combination thereof.
  • the method further includes replacing up to 35 percent of the fish meal with the first meal and replacing up to 20 percent of the fish meal with the second meal.
  • the method further includes washing raw chicken feathers in water and placing the washed chicken feathers in a circulating air-drying oven.
  • the method includes soaking the chicken feathers in sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution and autoclaving the chicken feathers to obtain the treated chicken feathers.
  • the method includes placing the washed chicken feathers in the circulating air-drying oven at a temperature of 60 °C for about 24 hours.
  • the method includes soaking the chicken feathers in 0.5 percent of NaOH solution for about 24 hours at a room temperature and autoclaving the chicken feathers at a pressure of 2.5xl0 5 Pa and at a temperature of 121°C for about 30 minutes.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a method of preparing a fish diet, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a method of processing raw chicken feathers to obtain treated chicken feathers, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a tabular representation of experimental feeds formulation and proximate composition of the experimental feeds
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a tabular representation of proximate composition of whole body tissue and dorsal muscle of fish fed with the experimental feeds
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a tabular representation of growth and feed utilization in the fish fed with the experimental feeds.
  • the present disclosure relates to a fish diet and a method of preparing the fish diet.
  • the fish diet is prepared for animals, such as aquatic animals.
  • the fish diet may include a fish meal and at least one of a first meal prepared from chicken feathers and a second meal prepared from algae.
  • the first meal may alternatively be referred to as chicken feather meal and the second meal may alternatively be referred to as algae meal.
  • the at least one of the first meal and the second meal may be mixed with the fish meal in a desired proportion. In one example, 35 percent of the first meal may be mixed with 65 percent of the fish meal. In another example, 20 percent of the second meal may be mixed with 80 percent of the fish meal.
  • the fish diet may include at least about 65 percent of the fish meal.
  • up to 35 percent of the fish meal may be replaced with the first meal. In another implementation, up to 20 percent of the fish meal may be replaced with the second meal. As may be understood, the fish meal is partially replaced with the first meal (chicken feather meal) and/or the second meal (algae meal).
  • the fish diet may further include soybean meal, wheat flour, wheat bran, corn starch, fish oil, vitamin and mineral premix, yeast, or any combination thereof.
  • the vitamin and mineral premix may include retinol, cholecalciferol, alpha tocopheryl acetate, ascorbic acid, menadione sodium bisulphite, thiamine hydrochloride, riboflavin, cyanocobalamin, nicotinamide, folic acid, calcium pantothenate, biotin, ethoxyquin, cobalt sulphate, copper sulphate, iron sulphate, manganese oxide, zinc sulphate or any combination thereof.
  • the fish diet may include crude protein content of about 44 percent to about 45 percent by weight, crude fat content of about 11 percent to about 12 percent by weight, and crude fiber content of about 2 percent to about 3 percent by weight. Further, in an implementation, the fish diet may include moisture content of about 4 percent to about 6 percent by weight and ash content of about 6 percent to about 9 percent by weight.
  • the fish diet may be prepared for use as a feed in a form of pellets.
  • the pellets may refer to particulate chunks or pieces formed by an extrusion process. The pieces may vary in sizes and/or shapes, depending on the process or the equipment.
  • pellets of consumable size may be prepared for the animals.
  • the pellets may be prepared using a standard extruder of size 1 mm.
  • the pellets may be prepared using a standard extruder of size 2 mm. This feed is then provided to the animals.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a method 100 of preparing a fish diet, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the method 100 includes grounding treated chicken feathers.
  • the treated chicken feathers may be grounded in a grinder.
  • the grinder may be a meat grinder.
  • the grinder may be a custom grinder designed to ground the chicken feathers into fine or coarse particles.
  • the treated chicken feathers may be understood as chicken feathers that are autoclaved after washing, drying, and treating the chicken feathers using for example, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution.
  • NaOH sodium hydroxide
  • the treated chicken feathers are high in protein and are highly digestible and palatable. The manner in which the treated chicken feathers are obtained is further described in detail in conjunction with FIG. 2.
  • the method 100 includes blending the grounded chicken feathers to obtain a first meal.
  • the first meal may alternatively be referred to as chicken feather meal.
  • the grounded chicken feathers may be blended in a mixer.
  • the mixer may be a vertical mixer.
  • the method 100 includes grounding air-dried algae.
  • the air-dried algae may be grounded in a grinder, for example, a meat grinder.
  • fresh green algae are collected and air-dried.
  • the air-dried algae are then grounded in the grinder.
  • dried algae may be used in place of fresh green algae.
  • the algae may be macro-algae of genus Ulva and species Ulvafasciata. Other edible algae that may be used in fish diet are contemplated herein.
  • the method 100 includes blending the grounded algae to obtain a second meal.
  • the second meal may alternatively be referred to as algae meal.
  • the grounded chicken feathers may be blended in a mixer.
  • the mixer may be a vertical mixer.
  • the method 100 includes mixing at least one of the first meal and the second meal with a fish meal to obtain the fish diet.
  • mixing at least one of the first meal and the second meal with the fish meal may include at least one of replacing up to 35 percent of the fish meal with the first meal, replacing up to 20 percent of the fish meal with the second meal, and a combination of replacing up to 35 percent of the fish meal with the first meal and replacing up to 20 percent of the fish meal with the second meal.
  • the fish diet may further include soybean meal, wheat flour, wheat bran, corn starch, fish oil, vitamin and mineral premix, yeast or any combination thereof.
  • the vitamin and mineral premix may include retinol, cholecalciferol, alpha tocopheryl acetate, ascorbic acid, menadione sodium bisulphite, thiamine hydrochloride, riboflavin, cyanocobalamin, nicotinamide, folic acid, calcium pantothenate, biotin, ethoxyquin, cobalt sulphate, copper sulphate, iron sulphate, manganese oxide, zinc sulphate or any combination thereof, to ensure all nutritional requirements of the aquatic animals.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a method 200 of processing raw chicken feathers to obtain treated chicken feathers, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the method 200 includes washing raw chicken feathers in water.
  • the raw chicken feathers may include feathers from different parts such as fluff, down, wing and tail feathers.
  • the raw chicken feathers may be collected from local chicken farms after the chickens were slaughtered at six weeks of age.
  • the chicken feathers are generally one of a protein rich waste bio-product of the chicken farm.
  • the chicken farms usually discard the chicken feather or treat the chicken feathers to produce farm manure.
  • the collected raw chicken feathers may be washed in water.
  • Other examples of bird feathers, such as duck feathers, geese feathers, turkey feathers, and the like not discussed here are contemplated herein.
  • the method 200 includes placing the washed chicken feathers in a circulating air-drying oven.
  • the washed chicken feathers may be placed in the circulating air-drying oven at a temperature of 60 °C for about 24 hours.
  • Other alternate methods of drying the chicken feather hygienically are contemplated herein.
  • the method 200 includes soaking the chicken feathers in sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution.
  • NaOH sodium hydroxide
  • the chicken feathers may be soaked in different concentrations of NaOH solution, preferably in 0.5 percent of NaOH solution for about 24 hours at a room temperature.
  • the NaOH solution may be a reagent-grade solution. Other reagent-grade solution that are safe on food products may be used herein.
  • the method 200 includes autoclaving the chicken feathers to obtain the treated chicken feathers.
  • the chicken feathers may be autoclaved at a pressure of 2.5xl0 5 Pa and at a temperature of 121°C for about 30 minutes.
  • addition of NaOH solution in the chicken feathers followed by autoclaving results in high protein content and high nutritional value in the treated chicken feathers.
  • Crude Protein (CP) level in the treated chicken feathers is about 97 percent.
  • in vitro pepsin digestibility of the treated chicken feathers is significantly increased in comparison to the raw chicken feathers.
  • in vitro pepsin digestibility of the treated chicken feathers is about 58 percent.
  • chicken feathers are processed to produce the treated chicken feathers which are rich in hydrophobic amino acids and essential amino acids such as cysteine, arginine and threonine.
  • the present disclosure describes the fish diet comprising the fish meal and at least one of the first meal prepared from chicken feathers and the second meal prepared from algae.
  • the at least one of the first meal and the second meal is mixed with the fish meal, such that the fish meal is partially replaced with at least one of the first meal and the second meal.
  • An advantage of the present disclosure is that the fish meal is replaced with up to 35% of the first meal and up to 20% of the second meal without any significant difference in fish performance, i.e., Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR), final growth, Specific Growth Rate (SGR) and survival rate.
  • FCR Feed Conversion Ratio
  • SGR Specific Growth Rate
  • the fish diet prepared from the chicken feather meal and the algae meal is high in protein and highly digestible and palatable for animals, such as fish.
  • the fish diet can be also be used as animal feed, organic fertilizers, and feed supplements, as the fish diet contains more than 90% protein and is rich in hydrophobic amino acids and essential amino acids such as cysteine, arginine and threonine.
  • Juvenile of marine seabream Spams aurata were obtained from Oman Development Aquaculture Company in Willayat Quriyat and used for feeding trial at Al-Hail Aquaculture Center.
  • the fish were acclimatized in a round fiberglass tank having a diameter of about 1.2 meters.
  • a first experimental feed (control diet or Feed 1) was formulated using various ingredients such as fish meal, soybean meal, wheat flour, wheat bran, com starch, fish oil, and vitamin and mineral premix.
  • the other five experimental feeds were formulated each comprising a different level of the first meal (chicken feather meal or CFM) and the second meal (algae meal or AM), respectively, as a substitute for the fish meal.
  • a second experimental feed (Feed 2) was formulated with a formulation similar to the first experimental feed, except that 20 percent of the fish meal was replaced with 20 percent of the chicken feather meal.
  • a third experimental feed (Feed 3) was formulated with a formulation similar to the first experimental feed, except that 35 percent of the fish meal was replaced with 35 percent of the chicken feather meal.
  • a fourth experimental feed (Feed 4) was formulated with a formulation similar to the first experimental feed, except that 50 percent of the fish meal was replaced with 50 percent of the chicken feather meal.
  • a fifth experimental feed (Feed 5) was formulated using various ingredients such as fish meal, algae meal, soybean meal, corn starch, fish oil, vitamin and mineral premix, and yeast, where 20 percent of the fish meal was replaced with 20 percent of the algae meal.
  • a sixth experimental feed (Feed 6) was formulated with a formulation similar to the fifth experimental feed, except that 35 percent of the fish meal was replaced with 35 percent of the algae meal.
  • the chicken feather meal and the algae meal may act as attractants and palatability enhancers in the experimental feeds.
  • the vitamin and mineral premix (each lOOOg of dry diets) includes 1000 IU of retinol, 1500 IU of cholecalciferol, 200 IU of alpha tocopheryl acetate, 300 mg of ascorbic acid, 6 mg of menadione sodium bisulphite, 10 mg of thiamin HC1, 20 mg of riboflavin, 0.05 mg of cyanocobalamin, 200 mg of nicotinamide, 4 mg of folic acid, 25 mg of calcium pantothenate, 1 mg of biotin, 200 mg of ethoxyquin, 1 mg of cobalt sulphate, 5 mg of copper sulphate, 20 mg of iron sulphate, 75 mg of manganese oxide, and 150 mg of zinc sulphate.
  • FIG. 3 A tabular representation of experimental feeds formulation and proximate composition of the experimental feeds is illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • the experimental feed ingredients were then extruded through a 2 mm die and pelleted into 2 mm pellets.
  • the experimental feeds (pelleted form) were then air-dried at a room temperature and stored at 5°C until further use.
  • the manner in which the treated chicken feathers are prepared has already been described above, and thus not described herein for the sake of brevity.
  • the fish acclimatized in the fiberglass tank were fed with the control diet until use.
  • the fish were selected and weighed individually. Healthy fish with an average body weight of 17 ⁇ 1 gram were randomly assigned to six experiment tanks of 160 liters each at an initial stocking density of 10 fish per experiment tank and cultured for 10 weeks.
  • mean ambient water temperature and salinity of the experiment tanks was maintained at 28 ⁇ 2.2°C and 36 ⁇ 2.0 ppt, respectively.
  • Each of experimental feeds was fed to fish stocked at respective experiment tanks. For example, Feed 1 was fed to fish stocked at first experiment tank, Feed 2 was fed to fish stocked at second experiment tank, and so on.
  • the Fish were fed, three times a day, i.e., at 08:00 hours, at 14:00 hours, and at 18:00 hours till 10 weeks by slowly introducing the feed until the feeding response ceased. Each feed consumption was recorded for each experiment feed.
  • the chicken feather meal and the algae meal may act as attractants and palatability enhancers in the experimental feeds.
  • the attractability and palatability of experimental feeds comprising the chicken feather meal or the algae meal are shown in Table 1.
  • Table 1 means in a column with different superscripts (a, b, c, ab, and be) are significantly different (p ⁇ 0.05).
  • Table 1 Attractability and palatability of experimental feeds formulated to include treated chicken feather meal and algae meal as attractants and palatability enhancers
  • fish were provided free access to experimental feeds and after 5 minutes, attractability and palatability (mg feed/g fish biomass) were measured. Further, fish in each experiment tanks were counted and weighed at the end of the experiment for the analysis of Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR), final growth, survival rate, and Specific Growth Rate (SGR).
  • FCR Feed Conversion Ratio
  • SGR Specific Growth Rate
  • FIG. 4 A tabular representation of proximate composition of whole body tissue and dorsal muscle of fish, i.e., juvenile Spams aurata fed with experimental feeds comprising Feed 1, Feed 2, Feed 3, Feed 4, Feed 5, and Feed 6 for 10 weeks is illustrated in FIG. 4. As illustrated in FIG. 4, means in a row with different superscripts (a, b, c, d, ab, and be) are significantly different (p ⁇ 0.05).
  • FIG. 5 A tabular representation of growth and feed utilization in the fish fed with the experimental feeds for 10 weeks is illustrated in FIG. 5. As illustrated in FIG. 5, means in a row with different superscripts (a, b, c, d, e, ab, and be) are significantly different (p ⁇ 0.05).

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un régime alimentaire à base de poisson et un procédé de préparation du régime alimentaire à base de poisson. Le procédé consiste à moudre des plumes de poulet traitées et à mélanger les plumes de poulet moulues, afin d'obtenir une première farine. Le procédé consiste en outre à moudre des algues séchées à l'air et à mélanger les algues moulues, afin d'obtenir une seconde farine. De plus, le procédé consiste à mélanger la première farine et/ou la seconde farine avec une farine de poisson, afin d'obtenir le régime alimentaire à base de poisson.
PCT/OM2020/050009 2020-04-09 2020-09-27 Régime alimentaire à base de poisson, pour animaux WO2021206569A1 (fr)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023110486A1 (fr) * 2021-12-17 2023-06-22 Triplenine Group A/S Farine de poisson et sa production et son utilisation

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
AL-SOUTI AHMED, GALLARDO WENRESTI, CLAEREBOUDT MICHEL, MAHGOUB OSMAN: "Attractability and palatability of formulated diets incorporated with chicken feather and algal meals for juvenile gilthead seabream, Sparus aurata", AQUACULTURE REPORTS, ELSEVIER BV, NL, vol. 14, 1 July 2019 (2019-07-01), NL , pages 100199, XP055865090, ISSN: 2352-5134, DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2019.100199 *
MIGUEL ORELHAS CABANO: "Impact of fish meal replacement by alternative and sustainable ingredients in diets for gilthead seabream (Sparus aurataLinnaeus, 1758) juveniles", THESIS, 6 December 2017 (2017-12-06), Universidade do Algarve, XP055865092, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://sapientia.ualg.pt/bitstream/10400.1/10556/1/Tese_MiguelCabano.pdf> *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023110486A1 (fr) * 2021-12-17 2023-06-22 Triplenine Group A/S Farine de poisson et sa production et son utilisation

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