WO2021187132A1 - 制御装置、及びそれを備える液圧システム - Google Patents
制御装置、及びそれを備える液圧システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021187132A1 WO2021187132A1 PCT/JP2021/008420 JP2021008420W WO2021187132A1 WO 2021187132 A1 WO2021187132 A1 WO 2021187132A1 JP 2021008420 W JP2021008420 W JP 2021008420W WO 2021187132 A1 WO2021187132 A1 WO 2021187132A1
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- valve body
- flow state
- flow rate
- valve
- flow
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 claims description 50
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
- F15B11/08—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with only one servomotor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
- F15B21/08—Servomotor systems incorporating electrically operated control means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D7/00—Control of flow
- G05D7/06—Control of flow characterised by the use of electric means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D7/00—Control of flow
- G05D7/06—Control of flow characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D7/0617—Control of flow characterised by the use of electric means specially adapted for fluid materials
- G05D7/0629—Control of flow characterised by the use of electric means specially adapted for fluid materials characterised by the type of regulator means
- G05D7/0635—Control of flow characterised by the use of electric means specially adapted for fluid materials characterised by the type of regulator means by action on throttling means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
- F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
- F15B13/04—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor
- F15B13/042—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor operated by fluid pressure
- F15B13/043—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor operated by fluid pressure with electrically-controlled pilot valves
- F15B13/0433—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor operated by fluid pressure with electrically-controlled pilot valves the pilot valves being pressure control valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/30—Directional control
- F15B2211/305—Directional control characterised by the type of valves
- F15B2211/30525—Directional control valves, e.g. 4/3-directional control valve
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/30—Directional control
- F15B2211/31—Directional control characterised by the positions of the valve element
- F15B2211/3144—Directional control characterised by the positions of the valve element the positions being continuously variable, e.g. as realised by proportional valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/30—Directional control
- F15B2211/32—Directional control characterised by the type of actuation
- F15B2211/327—Directional control characterised by the type of actuation electrically or electronically
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/30—Directional control
- F15B2211/32—Directional control characterised by the type of actuation
- F15B2211/329—Directional control characterised by the type of actuation actuated by fluid pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/30—Directional control
- F15B2211/35—Directional control combined with flow control
- F15B2211/351—Flow control by regulating means in feed line, i.e. meter-in control
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
- F15B2211/63—Electronic controllers
- F15B2211/6303—Electronic controllers using input signals
- F15B2211/6306—Electronic controllers using input signals representing a pressure
- F15B2211/6309—Electronic controllers using input signals representing a pressure the pressure being a pressure source supply pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
- F15B2211/63—Electronic controllers
- F15B2211/6303—Electronic controllers using input signals
- F15B2211/6306—Electronic controllers using input signals representing a pressure
- F15B2211/6313—Electronic controllers using input signals representing a pressure the pressure being a load pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
- F15B2211/63—Electronic controllers
- F15B2211/6303—Electronic controllers using input signals
- F15B2211/6346—Electronic controllers using input signals representing a state of input means, e.g. joystick position
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
- F15B2211/665—Methods of control using electronic components
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
- F15B2211/665—Methods of control using electronic components
- F15B2211/6656—Closed loop control, i.e. control using feedback
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
- F15B2211/665—Methods of control using electronic components
- F15B2211/6657—Open loop control, i.e. control without feedback
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D7/00—Control of flow
- G05D7/06—Control of flow characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D7/0617—Control of flow characterised by the use of electric means specially adapted for fluid materials
- G05D7/0623—Control of flow characterised by the use of electric means specially adapted for fluid materials characterised by the set value given to the control element
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a control device for controlling the movement of the valve body of the valve device provided in the hydraulic pressure system, and a hydraulic pressure system including the control device.
- the hydraulic system is equipped with a control device.
- the control device controls the movement of the valve body of the valve device in the hydraulic system, for example, the spool of the spool valve.
- a control device for example, a control device such as Patent Document 1 is known.
- the position control signal is feedback-controlled based on the spool position detected by the sensor circuit.
- the spool position is controlled, but there is also a control device that controls the flow rate of the valve device.
- the valve body opening that is, the spool position command is calculated based on the target flow rate value and the actual flow rate.
- the spool position command is calculated based on the relational expression between the flow rate and the pressure loss.
- the relational expression between the flow rate and the pressure loss is a relational expression that holds when the state of the hydraulic fluid flow in the valve device is a steady flow state or a quasi-steady flow state. Therefore, the conventional control device exhibits stability in flow rate control mainly in a steady flow state or a quasi-steady flow state.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a control device capable of improving the stability in flow rate control in a transient flow state.
- the control device of the present invention controls the movement of the valve body of the valve device, and is estimated by a flow rate acquisition unit that acquires the flow rate of the valve device, an input flow rate target value, and the flow rate acquisition unit. Based on the flow rate estimated value, the flow state determination unit that determines whether or not the flow of the hydraulic fluid in the valve device is in a transient flow state, and the opening command based on the flow rate target value and the differential pressure before and after the valve device.
- the valve body control unit has a valve body control unit that controls the movement of the valve body, and the valve body control unit determines that the flow state determination unit is not in the transient flow state. The movement of the valve body is controlled based on the above, and when the flow state determining unit determines that the flow state is in a transient flow state, the movement of the valve body is controlled based on the flow rate target value.
- the stability of the flow rate control in the transient flow state is improved by separating the valve body control method between the transient flow state and the non-transient flow state, that is, the steady flow or quasi-steady flow state. be able to.
- the hydraulic system of the present invention includes the above-mentioned control device, the valve device, at least one electromagnetic proportional valve, and a spool valve, and the spool valve has a spool which is the valve body, and the spool. Strokes according to the pilot pressure acting on the spool, the electromagnetic proportional valve outputs the pilot pressure acting on the spool, and the valve body control unit requires that the flow state determination unit is not in the transient flow state.
- the pilot pressure according to the opening command is output from the electromagnetic proportional valve to control the movement of the valve body, and when the flow state determination unit determines that the flow state determination unit is in the transient flow state, the pilot pressure according to the flow rate target value is applied. The movement of the valve body is controlled by outputting from the electromagnetic proportional valve.
- FIG. 2 It is a hydraulic circuit diagram which shows the hydraulic pressure system which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram of the control device provided in the hydraulic pressure system of FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the opening command limit value calculation part of FIG. 2 in more detail.
- (A) is a graph showing the time-dependent change of the flow rate target value and the flow rate estimated value
- (b) is a graph showing the time-dependent change of the opening command of the prior art and the opening command of the present invention. It is a graph which shows the time-dependent change of the flow rate in the conventional technique and the flow rate of this invention.
- the construction machine is equipped with a hydraulic actuator and a hydraulic system 1 to move each configuration.
- the hydraulic actuator is, for example, a hydraulic cylinder 2 as shown in FIG.
- the hydraulic cylinder 2 is attached in association with each configuration of the construction machine.
- the hydraulic cylinder 2 can operate the corresponding configuration by expanding and contracting. More specifically, the hydraulic cylinder 2 has a rod-side port 2a and a head-side port 2b. The hydraulic cylinder 2 expands and contracts when the hydraulic fluid is supplied to the ports 2a and 2b.
- the hydraulic system 1 can supply the hydraulic fluid to the hydraulic cylinder 2. Then, the hydraulic system 1 can expand and contract the hydraulic cylinder 2 by supplying the hydraulic liquid to the hydraulic cylinder 2.
- the hydraulic system 1 having such a function includes, for example, a hydraulic pump 11, a valve device 12, three pressure sensors 13 to 15, an operating device 16, and a control device 17.
- the hydraulic pump 11 can discharge the working liquid. More specifically, a drive source is connected to the hydraulic pump 11.
- the drive source is an engine E and an electric motor. In this embodiment, the drive source is the engine E.
- the hydraulic pump 11 is rotationally driven by the engine E to discharge the hydraulic fluid.
- the hydraulic pump 11 is a swash plate pump or a swash shaft pump in the present embodiment.
- the valve device 12 is interposed between the hydraulic pump 11 and the hydraulic cylinder 2. Then, the valve device 12 can control the flow direction of the hydraulic fluid flowing from the hydraulic pump 11 to the hydraulic cylinder 2 and the flow rate of the hydraulic fluid in response to the input operation command. That is, the valve device 12 switches the flow direction of the hydraulic fluid to any of the two ports 2a and 2b of the hydraulic cylinder 2 and shuts off the flow of the hydraulic fluid to the two ports 2a and 2b. Can be done. More specifically, the valve device 12 is an electronically controlled spool valve. The valve device 12 includes a directional control valve 21 and two electromagnetic proportional control valves 22L and 22R.
- the directional control valve 21 is connected to the hydraulic pump 11, the rod side port 2a and the head side port 2b of the hydraulic cylinder 2, and the tank 3. Then, the directional control valve 21 switches the connection state of the hydraulic pump 11, the rod side port 2a and the head side port 2b of the hydraulic cylinder 2, and the tank 3 (that is, communicates or shuts off each of them). Can be done. As a result, the flow from the hydraulic pump 11 to the hydraulic cylinder 2 is switched. By changing the flow in this way, the directional control valve 21 can expand and contract the hydraulic cylinder 2. Further, the directional control valve 21 can adjust the size of the opening when the hydraulic pump 11 and the hydraulic cylinder 2 communicate with each other, that is, the opening degree. Thereby, the flow rate of the working liquid flowing through the hydraulic cylinder 2 can be adjusted. That is, the speed at which the hydraulic cylinder 2 expands and contracts can be adjusted.
- the directional control valve 21 has a spool 21a.
- the connection state of the spool 21a can be switched by changing the position (that is, the stroke amount). That is, the spool 21a can connect the hydraulic pump 11 to each of the rod side port 2a and the head side port 2b depending on the position. Further, the opening degree of the spool 21a can be adjusted according to the stroke amount (or position) of the spool 21a. Thereby, the flow rate of the working liquid flowing through the hydraulic cylinder 2 can be adjusted.
- the spool 21a having such a function receives pilot pressures P1 and P2 that oppose each other, and moves to a position corresponding to the differential pressure between the two pilot pressures P1 and P2.
- the first and second electromagnetic proportional control valves 22L and 22R which are examples of the electromagnetic proportional valves, are the first pilot pressure P1 and the second pilot pressure P2 of the pressure corresponding to the input signal (current or voltage in this embodiment). Is output respectively.
- the output first pilot pressure P1 and second pilot pressure P2 are guided to the spool 21a.
- the first and second electromagnetic proportional control valves 22L and 22R are connected to a pilot pump (not shown).
- the first and second electromagnetic proportional control valves 22L and 22R adjust the hydraulic fluid discharged from the pilot pump to a pressure corresponding to the signal and output it to the spool 21a.
- the three pressure sensors 13 to 15 detect the hydraulic pressure before and after the directional control valve 21. More specifically, the first pressure sensor 13 is provided in association with the flow path connecting the directional control valve 21 and the hydraulic pump 11. Further, the second pressure sensor 14 is provided in association with the flow path connecting the directional control valve 21 and the rod side port 2a of the hydraulic cylinder 2. Further, the third pressure sensor 15 is provided in association with the flow path connecting the directional control valve 21 and the head side port 2b. Each pressure sensor 13 to 15 detects the hydraulic pressure of the corresponding flow path. Then, each of the pressure sensors 13 to 15 outputs the detected hydraulic pressure to the control device 17.
- the operation device 16 outputs an operation command to the control device 17 in order to operate the hydraulic cylinder 2.
- the operating device 16 is, for example, an operating valve or an electric joystick. More specifically, the operating device 16 has an operating lever 16a, which is an example of an operating tool.
- the operation lever 16a is configured to be operable by the operator.
- the operating lever 16a is configured to be swingable.
- the operation device 16 outputs an operation command corresponding to the operation amount (swing amount in the present embodiment) of the operation lever 16a to the control device 17.
- the control device 17 is connected to pressure sensors 13 to 15, two electromagnetic proportional control valves 22L and 22R, and an operating device 16.
- the control device 17 controls the operation of the spool 21a of the valve device 12 in response to an operation command from the operation device 16. More specifically, the control device 17 calculates an operation command based on the detection results of the pressure sensors 13 to 15 and the operation command from the operation device 16.
- the operation command is a pressure command for controlling the operation of the spool 21a of the valve device 12. In this embodiment, the operation command is a pressure command described later.
- the control device 17 outputs a signal corresponding to the pressure command to the electromagnetic proportional control valves 22L and 22R.
- the pilot pressures P1 and P2 corresponding to the pressure command are output from the electromagnetic proportional control valves 22L and 22R.
- the operation of the spool 21a of the valve device 12 is controlled in response to the operation command.
- the control device 17 acquires the flow rate target value and the front-rear differential pressure of the valve device 12 in order to calculate the operation command.
- the flow rate target value is a target value of the flow rate of the hydraulic fluid flowing through the hydraulic cylinder 2.
- the control device 17 sets the flow rate target value based on the operation command from the operation device 16.
- the front-rear differential pressure of the valve device 12 that is, the front-rear differential pressure of the directional control valve 21
- the valve device 12 that is, in the flow path connecting the hydraulic pump 11 and the hydraulic cylinder 2 via the valve device 12. Specifically, it is the difference in pressure between the upstream side and the downstream side of the directional control valve 21).
- the control device 17 calculates the front-rear differential pressure of the directional control valve 21 based on the signals from the three pressure sensors 13 to 15. Further, the control device 17 includes an opening command calculation unit 31, a flow rate estimation calculation unit 32, an opening command limit value calculation unit 33, a valve body control unit 34, and an opening estimation calculation unit 35 in order to calculate an operation command. , And have.
- the opening command calculation unit 31 calculates an opening command for the direction control valve 21 based on the calculated flow rate target value and the front-rear pressure of the direction control valve 21.
- the opening command is the opening degree at which the directional control valve 21 should be opened.
- the opening command calculation unit 31 calculates the opening degree at which the hydraulic fluid having the flow rate target value can flow from the directional control valve 21 to the hydraulic cylinder 2.
- the flow rate estimation calculation unit 32 which is an example of the flow rate acquisition unit, estimates the flow rate of the hydraulic fluid flowing through the direction control valve 21 based on the calculated front-rear pressure of the direction control valve 21 and the estimated opening degree described later, that is, the flow rate. Calculate the estimate.
- the opening command limit value calculation unit 33 determines the flow state of the hydraulic fluid in the direction control valve 21 based on the calculated flow rate estimated value and flow rate target value.
- the hydraulic fluid flow states to be determined include a steady flow state, a quasi-steady flow state, and a transient flow state. Further, the opening command limit value calculation unit 33 calculates the opening command limit value according to the flow state to be determined.
- the opening command limit value is a limit value (upper limit value) when the valve body control unit 34, which will be described in detail later, limits the opening command. Further, the opening command limit value calculation unit 33 smoothly changes the limit value when changing from the transient flow state to the steady flow state or the quasi-steady flow state (hereinafter, referred to as “steady flow state or the like”).
- the opening command limit value calculation unit 33 has a flow state determination unit 36, a limit value selection unit 37, and a change rate limit unit 38.
- the flow state determination unit 36 does not necessarily have to be included in the opening command limit value calculation unit 33. That is, the flow state determination unit 36 may be independent of the opening command limit value calculation unit 33.
- the flow state determination unit 36 determines the flow state of the hydraulic fluid in the direction control valve 21 based on the calculated flow rate estimated value and the flow rate target value. In the present embodiment, the flow state determination unit 36 determines the flow state depending on whether the difference between the calculated flow rate estimated value and the flow rate target value is within or outside the predetermined range. More specifically, the flow state determination unit 36 determines whether or not the flow state is in the transient flow state based on whether or not the absolute value of the difference (hereinafter, referred to as “absolute difference value”) is less than a predetermined difference flow rate ⁇ Q.
- the flow state determination unit 36 having such a function has a subtractor 41, an absolute value calculator 42, and a first comparator 43 in the present embodiment.
- the subtractor 41 calculates the difference between the flow rate target value and the flow rate estimated value.
- the absolute value calculator 42 calculates the absolute difference value based on the calculated difference.
- the first comparator 43 determines whether or not the calculated difference absolute value is less than a predetermined difference flow rate ⁇ Q. Then, when the first comparator 43 determines that the difference absolute value is less than the difference flow rate ⁇ Q, it is determined that the flow state is a steady flow state or a quasi-steady flow state. On the contrary, when the first comparator 43 determines that the absolute difference value is equal to or greater than the difference flow rate ⁇ Q, it is determined that the flow state is the transient flow state. In this way, the flow state determination unit 36 can easily determine the flow state by using the absolute difference value.
- the limit value selection unit 37 selects the opening command limit value based on the determination of the flow state determination unit 36. More specifically, the limit value selection unit 37 invalidates the limit value when it is determined that the flow state is a steady flow state or the like. In the present embodiment, the limit value selection unit 37 invalidates the limit value by setting the limit value to the maximum aperture value. On the other hand, when it is determined that the flow state is a transient flow state, the limit value selection unit 37 sets a limit value ( ⁇ maximum opening value) based on the flow rate target value.
- the limit value selection unit 37 having such a function has a limit invalidator 45, a limit value calculator 46, and a selector 47 in the present embodiment.
- the limit invalidator 45 sets the limit value (that is, the upper limit value and the lower limit value) to the maximum opening value (invalid limit value).
- the limit value calculator 46 calculates the calculation limit value based on the flow rate target value to be calculated. In the present embodiment, the correspondence between the flow rate target value and the limit value is preset in the limit value calculator 46. The limit value calculator 46 calculates a limit value (calculation set value) based on the above-mentioned correspondence relationship. Then, the selector 47 selects either the invalid limit value or the calculation limit value as the selection limit value based on the flow state determined by the flow state determination unit 36.
- the selector 47 selects an invalid limit value as a selection limit value when it is determined that the flow state is a steady flow state or the like. On the other hand, when it is determined that the flow state is the transient flow state, the selector 47 selects the calculation limit value as the selection limit value.
- the rate of change limiting unit 38 adjusts the limit value so as to smooth the change of the opening command when changing from the transient flow state to the steady flow state or the quasi-steady flow state (hereinafter referred to as “steady flow state, etc.”). ..
- the change rate limiting unit 38 limits the rate of change of the limit value to or less than the predetermined limit change rate for a predetermined time Ts after the flow state is switched as described above.
- the rate of change limiting unit 38 having such a function has a timer 51, a second comparator 52, and a rate of change limiting device 53 in the present embodiment.
- the timer 51 measures the elapsed time from the time when the flow state determined by the flow state determination unit 36 is switched. More specifically, the timer 51 starts measuring the elapsed time based on the output of the first comparator 43. That is, the first comparator 43 starts measuring the elapsed time when it is determined that the absolute difference value is equal to or greater than the differential flow rate ⁇ Q and then is determined to be equal to or less than the differential flow rate ⁇ Q.
- the second comparator 52 determines whether or not the elapsed time measured by the timer 51 is less than a predetermined time Ts.
- the change rate limiter 53 limits the rate of change of the limit value to less than the limit change rate when the second comparator 52 determines that the elapsed time is less than the predetermined time Ts.
- the rate of change limiter 53 newly sets the limited limit value as a limit value (set limit value).
- the rate of change limiter 53 invalidates the limit on the rate of change of the limit value when the second comparator 52 determines that the elapsed time is Ts or more for a predetermined time. That is, the rate of change limiter 53 sets the selection limit value as it is as the set limit value.
- the change rate limiter 53 sets the next set limit value so that the change rate of the selection limit value with respect to the immediately preceding set limit value is equal to or less than the limit change rate. That is, the rate of change limiter 53 stores at least the immediately preceding set limit value. Then, the change rate limiter 53 calculates the change rate of the calculation limit value with respect to the immediately preceding set limit value. When the rate of change is equal to or greater than the rate of change, the rate of change limiter 53 sets the value obtained by multiplying the rate of change by ⁇ t by adding the value obtained by adding the value obtained by multiplying the rate of change to the immediately preceding set limit value as the next set limit value (for example, described later). See the solid line at times t0 to t3 in FIG.
- the limit change rate is the amount of change per unit time
- ⁇ t seconds is the calculation interval for calculating the set limit value.
- the selection limit value is set as the set limit value.
- the change rate limiter 53 sets the selection limit value as it is as the set limit value as described above.
- the valve body control unit 34 controls the movement of the valve body according to the flow state determined by the flow state determination unit 36 of the opening command limit value calculation unit 33. That is, when it is determined that the valve body control unit 34 is not in the transient flow state, that is, in the steady flow state or the like, the valve body control unit 34 controls the movement of the spool 21a based on the opening command calculated by the opening command calculation unit 31. On the other hand, when it is determined that the transient flow state is established, the valve body control unit 34 controls the movement of the spool 21a based on the flow rate target value.
- valve body control unit 34 controls the movement of the spool 21a based on either the opening command or the flow rate target value in each state by limiting the opening command according to the flow state.
- the valve body control unit 34 having such a function has an opening command limiting portion 55 and a pressure command calculation portion 56 in the present embodiment.
- the opening command limiting portion 55 limits the opening command based on the set limit value set by the opening command limit value calculation unit 33. That is, when the opening command limit value calculation unit 33 determines that the flow state is a steady flow state or the like and the elapsed time is Ts or more for a predetermined time, the maximum opening value, which is an invalid limit value, is set as the set limit value. do. Then, since the opening command calculated by the opening command calculation unit 31 becomes equal to or less than the set limit value, the opening command limiting portion 55 outputs the opening command as it is as an output command.
- the determination condition does not necessarily include the elapsed time.
- the opening command limit value calculation unit 33 sets the calculation limit value, which is the selection limit value, as the setting limit value in the transient flow state.
- the calculation limit value calculated based on the flow rate target value is smaller than, for example, the opening command.
- the opening command is limited to the set limit value by the opening command limiting portion 55. That is, the opening command limiting portion 55 outputs an output command according to the flow rate target value.
- the set limit value increases based on the limit change rate. Therefore, the output command is output from the opening command limiting portion 55 in a state where the rate of change is suppressed to the limit change rate or less (see times t2 to t4 in FIG. 4B).
- the pressure command calculation part 56 calculates the pressure command based on the output command output from the opening command limiting part 55.
- the pressure command which is an example of the operation command, is a command for adjusting the opening degree of the directional control valve 21 to the opening degree according to the output command.
- the pressure command is a command value for outputting pilot pressures P1 and P2 from the electromagnetic proportional control valves 22L and 22R in order to adjust the opening degree. That is, the pressure command calculation unit 56 calculates the command values of the pilot pressures P1 and P2 in response to the output command. As a result, the movement of the spool 21a is controlled in response to the pressure command.
- the pressure command calculation unit 56 calculates the first pressure command (first operation command) based on the opening command. Then, the pressure command calculation unit 56 outputs a signal corresponding to the first pressure command to the electromagnetic proportional control valves 22L and 22R. As a result, when the flow state is a steady flow state or the like, the operation of the spool 21a is controlled based on the opening command. On the other hand, when the flow state is a transient flow, an output command corresponding to the calculation limit value is output. Therefore, the pressure command calculation unit 56 calculates the second pressure command (second operation command) based on the calculation limit value.
- the calculation limit value is a value set based on the flow rate target value. Therefore, the pressure command calculation unit 56 calculates the pressure command based on the flow rate target value. Then, the pressure command calculation unit 56 outputs a signal corresponding to the second pressure command to the electromagnetic proportional control valves 22L and 22R. Therefore, in the transient flow state, the operation of the spool 21a is controlled based on the flow rate target value.
- the rate of change of the set limit value is equal to or less than the limit change rate.
- the opening estimation calculation unit 35 which is an example of the opening degree acquisition unit, estimates the opening degree of the direction control valve 21, that is, the estimated opening degree, based on the output value from the opening command limiting portion 55. More specifically, the aperture estimation calculation unit 35 estimates the stroke amount of the spool 21a based on the output command from the aperture command limiting portion 55. Further, the aperture estimation calculation unit 35 estimates the estimated opening degree from the stroke amount. The estimated estimated opening degree is used when the flow rate estimation calculation unit 32 calculates the flow rate estimation value.
- the aperture estimation calculation unit 35 may be an observer.
- the control device 17 configured in this way executes the following control when the operation lever 16a of the operation device 16 is operated. That is, the control device 17 calculates the flow rate target value based on the operation amount of the operation lever 16a. The control device 17 calculates the front-rear differential pressure of the directional control valve 21 based on the pressures detected by the three pressure sensors 13 to 15. Next, in the control device 17, the opening command calculation unit 31 calculates the opening command based on the flow rate target value and the front-rear differential pressure of the direction control valve 21. Further, the flow rate estimation calculation unit 32 calculates the flow rate estimation value based on the estimated opening value and the front-rear differential pressure of the direction control valve 21.
- the opening command limit value calculation unit 33 determines the flow state based on the calculated flow rate estimated value and the flow rate target value. Further, the opening command limit value calculation unit 33 sets the set limit value according to the flow state and the elapsed time. The valve body control unit 34 limits the opening command according to the set limit value. Further, the valve body control unit 34 calculates a pressure command based on an output command which is a limited opening command. Then, the valve body control unit 34 outputs the pilot pressures P1 and P2 in response to the pressure command from the electromagnetic proportional control valves 22L and 22R. As a result, the control device 17 can control the movement of the spool 21a in response to the pressure command.
- the operating lever 16a is operated so that the hydraulic fluid is supplied from the hydraulic pump 11 to the hydraulic cylinder 2 as the flow rate changes with time as shown by the alternate long and short dash line in the graph of FIG. That is, the control device 17 sets the flow rate target value as shown by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 4 based on the operation command from the operation device 16.
- the flow rate target value is greatly increased (see time t0 to t1 of the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 4A). Therefore, the absolute difference between the flow rate estimated value estimated by the flow rate estimation calculation unit 32 and the flow rate target value exceeds the predetermined difference flow rate ⁇ Q.
- the flow state determination unit 36 of the opening command limit value calculation unit 33 determines that the flow state is a transient flow state. Then, the limit value selection unit 37 selects the calculation limit value calculated based on the flow rate target value. Further, the rate of change limiting unit 38 sets the calculation limit value as the set limit value.
- the set limit value is a value smaller than the opening command in the transient flow state (see the solid line and the alternate long and short dash line at times t0 to t3 in FIG. 4B). Therefore, the valve body control unit 34 calculates the pressure command based on the output command that limits the opening command to the set limit value.
- the valve body control unit 34 controls the movement of the spool 21a based on the flow rate target value (see the solid line at times t0 to t3 in FIG. 4B).
- the flow rate target value is held at a constant flow rate (see time t1 or later on the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 4A).
- the absolute difference value is equal to or greater than the predetermined difference flow rate ⁇ Q (see the alternate long and short dash line after time t1 in FIG. 4A).
- the flow state determination unit 36 determines that the flow state determination unit 36 continues in the transient flow state. Then, the output command is limited to the set limit value or less, and the pressure command is set based on the flow rate target value (see the solid line at times t1 to t2 in FIG. 4B).
- the flow state determination unit 36 determines that the flow state has been switched to the steady flow state or the like (see time t2 in FIG. 4A). Then, the timer 51 starts measuring the elapsed time. Then, the set limit value increases while the change rate of the set limit value is limited to the limit change rate or less until the elapsed time reaches the predetermined time Ts.
- the valve body control unit 34 can smoothly increase the output command according to the limitation of the set limit value, that is, the pressure command can be smoothly increased.
- the valve body control unit 34 uses the opening command as it is as an output command. That is, the valve body control unit 34 calculates the pressure command based on the opening command. As a result, the valve body control unit 34 controls the movement of the spool 21a based on the opening command (see the solid line after the time t3 in FIG. 4B).
- control device 17 executes the same control when the operation lever 16a is returned to the neutral position. That is, the control device 17 controls the movement of the spool 21a based on either the opening command or the flow rate target value according to the flow state to be determined. As a result, even when the flow rate is reduced, the same effect as when the flow rate is increased can be obtained.
- the control method of the spool 21a is divided into a transient flow state and a steady flow state that is not a transient flow state.
- stability can be improved in the flow rate control in the transient flow state. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, an overshoot or the like occurs in the flow rate in the conventional control with respect to the flow rate target value (see the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 5) (see the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 5).
- the control device 17 of the present invention it is possible to suppress the occurrence of overshoot or the like (see the solid line in FIG. 5). That is, the control device 17 can improve the stability of the flow rate control in the transient flow state.
- the flow rate estimated value is estimated based on the estimated opening degree acquired by the opening degree estimation calculation unit 35. Then, the control device 17 determines the flow state based on the estimated flow rate value. Therefore, the control device 17 can accurately determine the flow state. As a result, the flow of the hydraulic fluid in the transient flow state can be controlled more stably.
- the valve body control unit 34 functions as follows. That is, the valve body control unit 34 controls the movement of the spool 21a based on the opening command in the case of a steady flow state or the like. The opening command is calculated based on the front-rear pressure of the directional control valve 21 and the flow rate target value. That is, the valve body control unit 34 executes feedback control based on the opening command regarding the control of the movement of the spool 21a. On the other hand, the valve body control unit 34 controls the movement of the spool 21a based on the flow rate target value in the transient flow state. The flow rate target value is calculated in response to an operation command from the operation device 16.
- the valve body control unit 34 executes open loop control (feedforward control) based on the flow rate target value for controlling the movement of the spool 21a.
- open loop control feedforward control
- the flow rate accuracy can be improved in a steady flow state or the like.
- the stability can be improved in the flow rate control in the transient flow state.
- the opening command limiting portion 55 of the valve body control unit 34 limits the opening command.
- the pressure command calculation unit 56 controls the movement of the spool 21a based on the second pressure command.
- the control device 17 can control the movement of the spool 21a based on the flow rate target value by calculating the second pressure command by the limited opening command.
- the flow of the hydraulic fluid can be stably controlled in the transient flow state.
- the hydraulic system 1 of the present embodiment is applied to a construction machine, it may be applied to an industrial vehicle such as a forklift or an industrial machine such as a press machine. Further, in the hydraulic system 1 of the present embodiment, only one directional control valve 21 is connected to the hydraulic pump 11, but a plurality of directional control valves 21 are connected in parallel or in series. May be good. Further, the hydraulic actuator connected to the directional control valve 21 is not limited to the hydraulic cylinder 2, and may be a hydraulic motor.
- an example of the hydraulic actuator is the hydraulic cylinder 2, but the hydraulic actuator may be a hydraulic motor.
- the type of the hydraulic cylinder 2 is not limited to the single-rod double-acting cylinder, and may be a double-rod cylinder or a single-acting cylinder.
- the configuration included in the valve device 12 is not limited to the directional control valve 21, as long as the size of the opening can be adjusted by the valve body.
- the operation command is not necessarily limited to the pressure command, but may be a current command.
- control device 17 does not necessarily have to have the flow rate estimation calculation unit 32.
- the control device 17 may have, for example, a flow rate acquisition unit.
- the hydraulic system 1 is provided with a flow rate sensor in the flow path connecting the directional control valve 21 and the hydraulic pump 11. Then, the flow rate acquisition unit acquires the measured flow rate based on the output result of the flow rate sensor.
- the opening command limit value calculation unit 33 determines the flow state based on the acquired measured flow rate.
- the aperture estimation calculation unit 35 may also be an aperture acquisition unit.
- the hydraulic system 1 is provided with a stroke sensor on the spool 21a. Then, the opening acquisition unit acquires the estimated opening degree based on the output result of the stroke sensor.
- valve body control unit 34 of the control device 17 realizes control of the movement of the spool 21a based on the flow rate target value by limiting the opening command in the transient flow state.
- the control executed by the valve body control unit 34 is not necessarily limited to this.
- the target based on the pressure command calculated by the valve body control unit 34 may be switched to either the opening command or the flow rate target value according to the flow state.
- the spool 21a may be controlled as follows. That is, the control device 17 calculates the first and second pressure commands based on both the opening command and the flow rate target value.
- the valve body control unit 34 outputs one of the first and second pressure commands to the first and second electromagnetic proportional control valves 22L and 22R according to the determined flow state.
- valve body control unit 34 controls the movement of the spool 21a based on the opening command in the steady flow state or the like, and controls the movement of the spool 21a based on the flow rate target value in the transient flow state. can do.
- the spool 21a of the directional control valve 21 moves according to the pilot pressure from the electromagnetic proportional control valves 22L and 22R.
- the drive system of the spool 21a of the directional control valve 21 is not necessarily limited to such a system.
- the spool 21a of the directional control valve 21 may be driven by an electric motor via a linear motion mechanism.
- the control device 17 controls the movement of the spool 21a via an electric motor.
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Abstract
Description
本実施形態の液圧システム1は、建設機械に適用されているが、フォークリフト等の産業車両やプレス機械等の産業機械に適用されてもよい。また、本実施形態の液圧システム1では、液圧ポンプ11に対して1つの方向制御弁21だけが接続されているが、複数の方向制御弁21が並列的又は直列的に接続されていてもよい。また、方向制御弁21に接続される液圧アクチュエータもまた液圧シリンダ2に限定されず、液圧モータであってもよい。
12 弁装置
17 制御装置
21 方向制御弁(スプール弁)
21a スプール
22L 第1電磁比例制御弁
22R 第2電磁比例制御弁
31 開口指令演算部
32 流量推定演算部(流量取得部)
34 弁体制御部
35 開口推定演算部(開度取得部)
36 流れ状態判定部
55 開口指令制限部分
56 圧力指令演算部分(指令演算部分)
Claims (8)
- 弁装置の弁体の動きを制御する制御装置であって、
前記弁装置の流量を取得する流量取得部と、
入力される流量目標値と前記流量取得部で推定される流量推定値とに基づいて、前記弁装置における作動液の流れが過渡流れ状態か否かを判定する流れ状態判定部と、
前記流量目標値及び前記弁装置の前後の差圧に基づいて開口指令を演算する開口指令演算部と、
前記弁体の動きを制御する弁体制御部と、を有し、
前記弁体制御部は、前記流れ状態判定部が過渡流れ状態でないと判定すると前記開口指令に基づいて前記弁体の動きを制御し、前記流れ状態判定部が過渡流れ状態であると判定すると前記流量目標値に基づいて前記弁体の動きを制御する、制御装置。 - 前記弁装置の開度を取得する開度取得部を更に有し、
前記流量取得部は、前記開度取得部によって取得される前記開度と前記差圧とに基づいて、前記流量推定値を推定する、請求項1に記載の制御装置。 - 前記弁体制御部は、前記流れ状態判定部が過渡流れ状態でないと判定する場合における前記弁体の動きの制御に関して前記開口指令に基づくフィードバック制御を実行し、前記流れ状態判定部が過渡流れ状態であると判定する場合における前記弁体の動きに関して前記流量目標値に基づくオープンループ制御を実行する、請求項1又は2に記載の制御装置。
- 前記弁体制御部は、前記弁体の動きを制御する動作指令を演算し、前記動作指令を前記弁装置に出力することによって前記弁体の動きを制御し、
前記弁体制御部は、前記流れ状態判定部が過渡流れ状態でないと判定すると前記開口指令に基づいて前記動作指令である第1動作指令を演算し、前記流れ状態判定部が過渡流れ状態であると判定すると前記流量目標値に基づいて前記動作指令である第2動作指令を演算する、請求項1乃至3の何れか1つに記載の制御装置。 - 前記弁体制御部は、開口指令制限部分と、指令演算部分とを有し、
前記開口指令制限部分は、前記流れ状態判定部が過渡流れ状態であると判定すると前記流量目標値に応じて設定される制限値に前記開口指令を制限し、
前記指令演算部分は、前記開口指令制限部分によって制限される前記開口指令に基づいて前記第2動作指令を演算する、請求項4に記載の制御装置。 - 前記弁体制御部は、前記動作指令が前記第1動作指令から前記第2動作指令に切替わる際、所定の制限変化率以下の変化率にて前記動作指令を推移させる、請求項4又は5に記載の制御装置。
- 前記流れ状態判定部は、前記流量目標値と前記流量推定値とを差分を演算し、差分が所定範囲外である場合において前記弁装置における作動液の流れが過渡流れ状態であると判定する、請求項1乃至6の何れか1つに記載の制御装置。
- 請求項1乃至7の何れか1つに記載の制御装置と、
前記弁装置は、少なくとも1つの電磁比例弁と、スプール弁とを備え、
前記スプール弁は、前記弁体であるスプールを有し、
前記スプールは、前記スプールに作用するパイロット圧に応じてストロークし、
前記電磁比例弁は、前記スプールに作用するパイロット圧を出力し、
前記弁体制御部は、前記流れ状態判定部が過渡流れ状態でないと判定すると開口指令に応じたパイロット圧を前記電磁比例弁から出力させて前記弁体の動きを制御し、前記流れ状態判定部が過渡流れ状態であると判定すると流量目標値に応じたパイロット圧を前記電磁比例弁から出力させて前記弁体の動きを制御する、液圧システム。
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JP2018097759A (ja) * | 2016-12-15 | 2018-06-21 | 株式会社堀場エステック | 流量制御装置、及び、流量制御装置用プログラム |
JP2018147218A (ja) * | 2017-03-06 | 2018-09-20 | 株式会社堀場エステック | 流体制御装置及び流体制御装置用プログラム |
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GB202215095D0 (en) | 2022-11-30 |
JP7337012B2 (ja) | 2023-09-01 |
GB2609777A (en) | 2023-02-15 |
JP2021148161A (ja) | 2021-09-27 |
US11933331B2 (en) | 2024-03-19 |
CN115151735A (zh) | 2022-10-04 |
US20230175536A1 (en) | 2023-06-08 |
GB2609777B (en) | 2024-03-27 |
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