WO2021179256A1 - 电极组件和电池 - Google Patents

电极组件和电池 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021179256A1
WO2021179256A1 PCT/CN2020/079016 CN2020079016W WO2021179256A1 WO 2021179256 A1 WO2021179256 A1 WO 2021179256A1 CN 2020079016 W CN2020079016 W CN 2020079016W WO 2021179256 A1 WO2021179256 A1 WO 2021179256A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrode assembly
connecting member
uncoated area
pole piece
area
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/079016
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
田姣
郭永良
陈超
许玉江
Original Assignee
宁德新能源科技有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁德新能源科技有限公司 filed Critical 宁德新能源科技有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2020/079016 priority Critical patent/WO2021179256A1/zh
Priority to CN202080004302.XA priority patent/CN112534606B/zh
Priority to US17/219,835 priority patent/US20210288389A1/en
Publication of WO2021179256A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021179256A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/533—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the leads or tabs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0431—Cells with wound or folded electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H01M10/0585—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only flat construction elements, i.e. flat positive electrodes, flat negative electrodes and flat separators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/46—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by their combination with electrodes
    • H01M50/461—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by their combination with electrodes with adhesive layers between electrodes and separators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/54—Connection of several leads or tabs of plate-like electrode stacks, e.g. electrode pole straps or bridges
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of batteries, and in particular to an electrode assembly and a battery with the electrode assembly.
  • the anode pole piece has a single-sided area inside the cell, that is, only the active material layer is coated on the outer surface of the anode current collector of the anode pole piece, and the inner surface of the anode current collector is not coated Active material layer.
  • the anode charge and discharge expand, and the single-sided area expands irregularly upwards or downwards, which causes the cell to deform and reduce the energy density of the cell.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an electrode assembly, which includes a first pole piece, a second pole piece, and an isolation film.
  • the isolation film is disposed between the first pole piece and the second pole piece.
  • the electrode assembly is formed by winding the first pole piece, the isolation film, and the second pole piece.
  • the first pole piece includes a single-sided area located in the winding start layer of the electrode assembly and forming a first uncoated area and a second uncoated area that are opposed to each other, and the electrode assembly It also includes a first connecting piece, the first connecting piece being arranged on a side of the first uncoated area facing the second uncoated area, and the second uncoated area is connected to the first connecting piece Part away from the first uncoated area, so that the first uncoated area and the second uncoated area are connected as a whole through the first connector, which improves the internal Hardness, to avoid irregular swelling in the single-sided area.
  • the first connecting member is a double-sided adhesive tape that is pasted on the surface of the first uncoated area facing the second uncoated area.
  • the isolation film covers the surface of the single-sided area that is not coated with an active material layer, and the first connecting member is disposed between the first uncoated area and the isolation film .
  • a second connecting member is provided between the second uncoated area and the isolation film, and the second connecting member is used for fixedly connecting the isolation film and the second uncoated area.
  • the projections of the first connecting member and the second connecting member do not overlap.
  • a third connecting member is provided on the side of the isolation film away from the first uncoated area, and the first uncoated area, the isolation film and the second uncoated area The coating area is fixedly connected by the third connecting member.
  • the first connecting member extends along the width direction of the electrode assembly, and the first connecting member covers and connects the first uncoated area and the second uncoated area .
  • the electrode assembly further includes a support, and the support is sandwiched between the first uncoated area and the second uncoated area.
  • first connecting member is arranged between the first uncoated area and the support member.
  • the length of the first connecting member is less than or equal to the length of the electrode assembly.
  • the thickness of the first connecting member is less than or equal to the thickness of the first pole piece.
  • the first connecting member includes a plurality of connecting units, and the plurality of connecting units are arranged at intervals on the surface of the single-sided region that is not coated with the active material layer.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a battery, including an electrode assembly and a package body, the electrode assembly is the electrode assembly described in any one of the above, the package body accommodates the electrode assembly, the tabs of the electrode assembly Extend the packaging body.
  • the above-mentioned electrode assembly is provided with a first connecting member to connect the first uncoated area and the second uncoated area, so that the two uncoated areas are formed as a whole, and the inner ring interface of the cell and the hardness of the cell are enhanced , In order to suppress the irregular expansion of the single-sided area during the charging and discharging process, which leads to the deformation of the cell, and improve the energy density of the cell.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the expanded structure of the first pole piece of the electrode assembly in the first embodiment.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the winding structure of the electrode assembly in the first embodiment.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the expanded structure of the first pole piece in an expanded embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the winding structure of the electrode assembly having the first pole piece shown in FIG. 3.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the expanded structure of the first pole piece in another expanded embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the winding structure of the electrode assembly having the first pole piece shown in FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the expanded structure of the isolation membrane of the electrode assembly in the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the winding structure of the electrode assembly in the second embodiment.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the expanded structure of the first pole piece and the isolation membrane of the electrode assembly in the third embodiment.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the winding structure of the electrode assembly in the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the expanded structure of the first pole piece and the isolation membrane of the electrode assembly in the fourth embodiment.
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the winding structure of the electrode assembly in the fourth embodiment.
  • Figure 13 shows the results of the cycle test of the electrode assembly.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the winding structure of the electrode assembly in the fifth embodiment.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery in an embodiment.
  • the first uncoated area 12 is the first uncoated area 12
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an electrode assembly, which includes a first pole piece, a second pole piece, and an isolation film.
  • the isolation film is disposed between the first pole piece and the second pole piece.
  • the electrode assembly is formed by winding the first pole piece, the isolation film, and the second pole piece.
  • the first pole piece includes a single-sided area located in the winding start layer of the electrode assembly and forming a first uncoated area and a second uncoated area that are opposed to each other, and the electrode assembly It also includes a first connecting piece, the first connecting piece being arranged on a side of the first uncoated area facing the second uncoated area, and the second uncoated area is connected to the first connecting piece The side of the member facing away from the first uncoated area, so that the first uncoated area and the second uncoated area are connected as a whole through the first connecting member.
  • the above-mentioned electrode assembly is provided with a first connecting member to connect the first uncoated area and the second uncoated area, so that the two uncoated areas are formed as a whole, and the inner ring interface of the cell and the hardness of the cell are enhanced , In order to suppress the irregular expansion of the single-sided area during the charging and discharging process, which leads to the deformation of the cell, and improve the energy density of the cell.
  • the electrode assembly 100 includes a first pole piece 10, a second pole piece 20, and an isolation film 30.
  • the isolation film 30 is disposed on the first pole piece 10 and the first pole piece.
  • the electrode assembly 100 is formed by winding the first pole piece 10, the isolation film 30 and the second pole piece 20.
  • the first pole piece 10 includes a single-sided region 11, the single-sided region 11 is located in the winding start layer of the electrode assembly 100 and forms a first uncoated region 12 and a second uncoated region that are disposed oppositely 13.
  • the electrode assembly 100 further includes a first connecting member 40, the first connecting member 40 is disposed in the single-sided area 11, specifically, the first connecting member 40 is disposed in the first uncoated area 12 To the side of the second uncoated area 13, the second uncoated area 13 is connected to the side of the first connector 40 away from the first uncoated area 12.
  • the first uncoated area 12 and the second uncoated area 13 are connected as a whole by the first connecting member 40, which improves the internal hardness of the electrode assembly 100 and avoids irregular expansion of the single-sided area causing the electrode assembly 100 deformation.
  • the first pole piece 10 and the second pole piece 20 have opposite polarities.
  • the first pole piece 10 is an anode pole piece
  • the second pole piece 20 is a cathode electrode. piece.
  • the first pole piece 10 includes a first current collector 101 and an active material layer 102, the active material layer 102 is coated on both surfaces of the first current collector 101, and the single-sided region 11 is the first On a current collector 101, only one side surface is coated with an area of the active material layer 102.
  • the problem of irregular expansion of the single-sided area is solved by eliminating the single-sided area and directly winding the anode electrode sheet coated on both sides with the active material layer on both sides.
  • the winding start ends of the two active material layers cannot be charged and discharged normally, which affects the energy density of the electrode assembly and also increases the cost of the electrode assembly.
  • the electrode assembly of the present application does not need to cancel the single-sided area, and the internal hardness of the electrode assembly is enhanced by the first connecting member, which not only avoids the problem of irregular expansion of the single-sided area, but also reduces the impact on energy density and cost.
  • the first connecting member 40 is a double-sided adhesive tape that is pasted on the surface of the first uncoated area 12 facing the second uncoated area 13.
  • the electrode assembly 100 can activate the double-sided adhesive by hot pressing to bond the first uncoated area 12 and the second uncoated area 13 to form a whole.
  • the material of the first connecting member 40 can be resin or acrylic, which will be viscous under certain temperature and pressure conditions.
  • the length of the first connecting member 40 is less than or equal to the length of the electrode assembly 100. Referring to FIGS.
  • the first connecting member 40 may also be hot melt adhesive, which is disposed on the single-sided area 11 without coating active material by brushing or dispensing. The surface of the layer. It can be understood that the first connecting member 40 includes a plurality of connecting units 41 which are arranged at intervals on the surface of the single-sided region 11 that is not coated with an active material layer.
  • the winding start end of the electrode assembly 100 further includes an end isolation film 31 and an empty foil region 14.
  • the end isolation film 31 is the winding start end of the isolation film 30
  • the empty foil area 14 is an area where both surfaces of the end of the first pole piece 10 are coated with an active material layer.
  • the end isolation film 31 covers the empty foil area 14.
  • the first connecting member 40 does not overlap the end isolation film 31, that is, along the thickness direction of the electrode assembly 100, the first connecting member 40 is The projections of the end isolation film 31 do not overlap.
  • the winding start end of the electrode assembly 100 is laminated with the winding start layer of the first pole piece 10 and the four-layer isolation film 30,
  • the thickness of the isolation film 30 is t1
  • the thickness of the first current collector 101 is t2
  • the thickness of the active material layer 102 is t3.
  • the thickness t of the first connecting member 40 satisfies Formula: t ⁇ 4*t1+t2+t3.
  • the thickness t of the first connecting member 40 satisfies the formula: t ⁇ 4*t1+t2.
  • the thickness t of the first connecting member 40 satisfies the formula: t ⁇ 2*t1+t2. It can be understood that, in other embodiments, when the first connecting member 40 is disposed on the single-sided region 11 by brushing or dispensing, along the thickness direction of the electrode assembly 100, the first connecting member 40 The thickness of is less than or equal to the thickness of the first pole piece 10.
  • the electrode assembly 100 includes a first tab 70 and a second tab 80.
  • a groove is provided on the active material layer 102 of the first pole piece 10, the first current collector 101 is exposed from the groove, and the first tab 70 is arranged in the groove and is connected to the first pole piece.
  • a current collector 101 is connected.
  • the second tab 80 is connected to the second current collector of the second pole piece 20 in the same manner.
  • the first pole piece 70 is connected to the first pole piece 10
  • An adhesive member 90 is attached at the place, and at the same time, the two layers of second pole pieces 20 adjacent to the first tab 70 are also provided with an adhesive member 90 at the corresponding position. It can be understood that an adhesive member 90 may also be provided at the connection between the second tab 80 and the second tab 20, which will not be repeated here.
  • the thickness of the first tab is t4, the thickness of the second tab is t5, and the thickness of the adhesive member 90 is t6.
  • the thickness t of the first connecting member 40 satisfies the formula: t ⁇ (4t1+t2+t3)+(t4+3t6)-t3.
  • the thickness t of the first connecting member 40 satisfies the formula: t ⁇ (4t1+t2+t3)-(t4+3t6-t3).
  • the electrode assembly of the present application was used as the experimental group, and the ordinary electrode assembly without connecting parts in the single-sided area was used as the control group, and cyclic expansion experiments under two different conditions were performed.
  • the experimental data is shown in Fig. 13.
  • the expansion percentage of the electrode assembly of the present application was reduced to 6% after 700 cycles.
  • the electrode assembly of the present application performed 400 cycles.
  • the expansion percentage after the cycle was reduced to 4%, which was significantly lower than the experimental result of the control group, which proved that the first connecting member 40 effectively suppressed the irregular deformation of the single-sided region 11.
  • the electrode assembly 200 of the second embodiment is substantially the same as the electrode assembly 100 of the first embodiment.
  • the isolation film 30 covers the single-sided region 11
  • the surface of the active material layer is coated, and the first connecting member 40 is disposed between the first uncoated area 12 and the isolation film 30.
  • a second connecting member 50 is provided between the second uncoated area 13 and the isolation film 30, and the second connecting member 50 is used to fixedly connect the isolation film 30 and the second film 30. ⁇ 13 ⁇ Coating area 13.
  • the material of the second connecting member 50 is the same as the material of the first connecting member 40, and is double-sided tape.
  • the first uncoated area 12 and the second uncoated area 13 are connected by the first connecting member 40, the isolation membrane and the second connecting member 50 to form a whole to reinforce the electrode assembly
  • the inner ring interface hardness of 200 suppresses the irregular deformation of the single-sided zone 11. Further, in order to avoid increasing the overall thickness of the electrode assembly 200, along the thickness direction of the electrode assembly 200, the projections of the first connecting member 40 and the second connecting member 50 do not overlap.
  • the electrode assembly 300 of the third embodiment is different from the electrode assembly 200 of the second embodiment in that, in the third embodiment, the isolation film 30 is away from the first uncoated region 12
  • a third connecting member 60 is also provided on one side of the third connecting member, so that the first uncoated area 12, the isolation film 30 and the second uncoated area 13 are fixedly connected by the third connecting member, which further improves The hardness of the electrode assembly 300.
  • the electrode assembly 400 of the fourth embodiment is substantially the same as the electrode assembly 100 of the first embodiment.
  • the difference is that in the fourth embodiment, the first connecting member 40 runs along the electrode assembly 100.
  • the first connecting member 40 covers and connects the first uncoated area 12, the second uncoated area 13 and the end isolation film 31.
  • the isolation film 30 covers the two opposite surfaces of the first uncoated area 12 and the second uncoated area 13, and the first connecting member 40 is arranged on the roll of the isolation film 30.
  • the end isolation film 31 Around the adhesive layer on both sides of the starting end, the end isolation film 31, the first uncoated area 12 and the second uncoated area 13 pass through the adhesive layer on the isolation film 30 Fixed connection.
  • the electrode assembly 500 of the fifth embodiment is substantially the same as the electrode assembly 100 of the first embodiment.
  • the electrode assembly 100 further includes a supporting member 91. It is sandwiched between the first uncoated area 12 and the second uncoated area 13 to support the single-sided area 11 and suppress irregular deformation of the single-sided area 11.
  • the first connecting member 40 is arranged between the first uncoated area 12 and the supporting member 91 to connect the supporting member 91 and the single-sided area 11 to prevent the supporting member 91 from being removed from the electrode.
  • the component 500 falls off.
  • the present application also provides a battery 600, including the electrode assembly in any one of the above embodiments or a combination of embodiments and a packaging body 601.
  • the packaging body 601 houses the electrode assembly and the electrode assembly of the electrode assembly. The ear sticks out of the packaging body 601.

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  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

一种电极组件（100），包括第一极片（10）、第二极片（20）和隔离膜（30），所述隔离膜（30）设置在所述第一极片（10）和所述第二极片（20）之间。多个所述第一极片（10）和多个所述第二极片（20）层叠设置。所述电极组件（100）还包括设置于第一极片（10）上的第一极耳（70）、设置于第二极片（20）上的第二极耳（80）和第三极耳。所述第一极耳（70）、所述第二极耳（80）和所述第三极耳在第一极片（10）上的投影不重叠。上述电极组件（100）通过设置多极耳结构，实现提高电池（600）过流能力、降低温升的目的，还提供一种具有上述电极组件（100）的电池（600）。

Description

电极组件和电池 技术领域
本申请涉及电池领域，尤其涉及一种电极组件和具有该电极组件的电池。
背景技术
随着5G的应用，消费者对智能手机、平板电脑等便携式电子产品的电池性能要求越来越高。
目前，卷绕式电池电芯中，阳极极片在电芯内部存在一段单面区，即，仅在阳极极片的阳极集流体外表面涂覆活性物质层，阳极集流体内表面没有涂覆活性物质层。在循环过程中，阳极充放电膨胀，单面区向上或向下不规律膨胀，导致电芯变形，降低电芯的能量密度。
发明内容
鉴于上述状况，有必要提供一种能够解决单面区不规则膨胀问题的的电极组件和具有该电极组件的电池。
本申请实施例提供了一种电极组件，其包括第一极片、第二极片和隔离膜，所述隔离膜设置于所述第一极片和所述第二极片之间，所述电极组件由所述第一极片、所述隔离膜和所述第二极片卷绕形成。所述第一极片包括单面区，所述单面区位于所述电极组件的卷绕起始层并形成相对设置的第一未涂覆区和第二未涂覆区，所述电极组件还包括第一连接件，所述第一连接件设置于所述第一未涂覆区朝向所述第二未涂覆区的一侧，所述第二未涂覆区连接所述第一连接件背离所述第一未涂覆区的一侧，以使所述第一未涂覆区和所 述第二未涂覆区通过所述第一连接件连接为一个整体，提高电芯内部的硬度，避免单面区不规则膨胀。
在一可选实施例中，所述第一连接件为双面胶，粘贴于所述第一未涂覆区朝向所述第二未涂覆区的表面。
在一可选实施例中，所述隔离膜覆盖所述单面区未涂覆活性物质层的表面，所述第一连接件设置于所述第一未涂覆区与所述隔离膜之间。
进一步地，所述第二未涂覆区与所述隔离膜之间设有第二连接件，所述第二连接件用于固定连接所述隔离膜与所述第二未涂覆区。
在一可选实施例中，沿所述电极组件的厚度方向，所述第一连接件与所述第二连接件的投影不重叠。
在一可选实施例中，所述隔离膜背离所述第一未涂覆区的一侧设有第三连接件，所述第一未涂覆区、所述隔离膜和所述第二未涂覆区通过所述第三连接件固定连接。
在一可选实施例中，所述第一连接件沿所述电极组件的宽度方向延伸，所述第一连接件覆盖并连接所述第一未涂覆区、所述第二未涂覆区。
在一可选实施例中，所述电极组件还包括支撑件，所述支撑件夹设于所述第一未涂覆区和所述第二未涂覆区之间。
进一步地，所述第一连接件设置在第一未涂覆区与所述支撑件之间。
在一可选实施例中，沿所述电极组件的长度方向，所述第一连接件的长度小于或等于所述电极组件的长度。
在一可选实施例中，沿所述电极组件的厚度方向，所述第一连接件的厚度小于或等于所述第一极片的厚度。
在一可选实施例中，所述第一连接件包括多个连接单元，所述多个连接单元间隔设置在所述单面区未涂覆活性物质层的表面。
本申请的实施例还提供一种电池，包括电极组件和包装体，所述电极组件为上述任一项所述的电极组件，所述包装体***述电极组件，所述电极组件的极耳伸出所述包装体。
上述电极组件通过设置第一连接件，以连接所述第一未涂覆区和所述第二未涂覆区，使两个未涂覆区形成整体，增强电芯内圈界面及电芯硬度，以抑制单面区在充放电过程中不规则膨胀导致电芯变形，提高电芯的能量密度。
附图说明
图1为电极组件的第一极片在第一实施例中展开结构示意图。
图2为电极组件在第一实施例中的卷绕结构示意图。
图3为第一极片在一扩展实施例中的展开结构示意图。
图4为具有图3所示第一极片的电极组件的卷绕结构示意图。
图5为第一极片在另一扩展实施例中的展开结构示意图。
图6为具有图5所示第一极片的电极组件的卷绕结构示意图。
图7为电极组件的隔离膜在第二实施例中的展开结构示意图。
图8为电极组件在第二实施例中的卷绕结构示意图。
图9为电极组件的第一极片和隔离膜在第三实施例中的展开结构示意图。
图10为电极组件在第三实施例中的卷绕结构示意图。
图11为电极组件的第一极片和隔离膜在第四实施例中的展开结构示意图。
图12为电极组件在第四实施例中的卷绕结构示意图。
图13为电极组件的循环试验结果。
图14为电极组件在第五实施例中的卷绕结构示意图。
图15为电池在一实施例中的结构示意图。
主要元件符号说明：
电极组件                100，200，300，400，500
第一极片                10
第一集流体              101
活性物质层              102
单面区                  11
第一未涂覆区            12
第二未涂覆区            13
空箔区                  14
第二极片                20
隔离膜                  30
端部隔离膜              31
第一连接件              40
第二连接件              50
第三连接件              60
第一极耳                70
第二极耳                80
粘接件                  90
支撑件                  91
电池                    600
包装体                  601
具体实施方式：
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实 施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“固定于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件。当一个元件被认为是“设置于”另一个元件，它可以是直接设置在另一个元件上或者可能同时存在居中元件。本文所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施方式的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请。本文所使用的术语“或/及”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
本申请实施例提供了一种电极组件，其包括第一极片、第二极片和隔离膜，所述隔离膜设置于所述第一极片和所述第二极片之间，所述电极组件由所述第一极片、所述隔离膜和所述第二极片卷绕形成。所述第一极片包括单面区，所述单面区位于所述电极组件的卷绕起始层并形成相对设置的第一未涂覆区和第二未涂覆区，所述电极组件还包括第一连接件，所述第一连接件设置于所述第一未涂覆区朝向所述第二未涂覆区的一侧，所述第二未涂覆区连接所述第一连接件背离所述第一未涂覆区的一侧，以使所述第一未涂覆区和所述第二未涂覆区通过所述第一连接件连接为一个整体。
上述电极组件通过设置第一连接件，以连接所述第一未涂覆区和所述第二未涂覆区，使两个未涂覆区形成整体，增强电芯内圈界面及电芯硬度，以抑制单面区在充放电过程中不规则膨胀导致电芯变形，提高电芯的能量密度。
本申请的一些实施方式作详细说明。在不冲突的情况下，下述 的实施方式及实施方式中的特征可以相互组合。
第一实施例
请参阅图1和图2，第一实施例中，电极组件100包括第一极片10、第二极片20和隔离膜30，所述隔离膜30设置于所述第一极片10和所述第二极片20之间，所述电极组件100由所述第一极片10、所述隔离膜30和所述第二极片20卷绕形成。所述第一极片10包括单面区11，所述单面区11位于所述电极组件100的卷绕起始层并形成相对设置的第一未涂覆区12和第二未涂覆区13。所述电极组件100还包括第一连接件40，所述第一连接件40设置于所述单面区11，具体地，所述第一连接件40设置于所述第一未涂覆区12朝向所述第二未涂覆区13的一侧，所述第二未涂覆区13连接所述第一连接件40背离所述第一未涂覆区12的一侧。所述第一未涂覆区12和所述第二未涂覆区13通过所述第一连接件40连接为一个整体，提高电极组件100内部的硬度，避免单面区不规则膨胀导致电极组件100变形。所述第一极片10与所述第二极片20的极性相反，在本申请的实施例中，所述第一极片10为阳极极片，所述第二极片20为阴极极片。所述第一极片10包括第一集流体101和活性物质层102，所述活性物质层102涂覆于所述第一集流体101的两个表面，所述单面区11为所述第一集流体101上仅一侧表面涂覆活性物质层102的区域。
现有技术中，通过取消单面区，直接用双面涂覆活性物质层的阳极极片进行双面卷绕，来解决单面区不规则膨胀的问题。但是有两层活性物质层的卷绕起端不能正常充放电，从而影响电极组件的能量密度，而且还增加电极组件的成本。本申请的电极组件无需取消单面区，通过第一连接件增强电极组件内部硬度，既避免单面区不规则膨胀的问题，又降低对能量密度和成本的影响。
在第一实施例中，所述第一连接件40为双面胶，粘贴于所述第 一未涂覆区12朝向所述第二未涂覆区13的表面。所述电极组件100可以通过热压将双面胶粘性激活，使第一未涂覆区12和第二未涂覆区13粘结，形成整体。所述第一连接件40的材质可以为树脂、丙烯酸类，在一定温度和压力条件下产生粘性。为了避免双面胶溢出，沿所述电极组件100的长度方向(垂直于图2所示平面的方向)，所述第一连接件40的长度小于或等于所述电极组件100的长度。请参阅图3至图6，在其他扩展实施例中，所述第一连接件40还可以是热熔胶，通过涂刷或点胶的方式设置于所述单面区11未涂覆活性物质层的表面。可以理解，所述第一连接件40包括多个连接单元41，所述多个连接单元41间隔设置在所述单面区11未涂覆活性物质层的表面。
请再次参阅图1和图2，所述电极组件100的卷绕起始端进一步包括端部隔离膜31和空箔区14，所述端部隔离膜31为所述隔离膜30的卷绕起始端，所述空箔区14为所述第一极片10的端部两侧表面均为涂覆活性物质层的区域。所述端部隔离膜31覆盖所述空箔区14。为了保证电极组件100的最内圈平整，所述第一连接件40不与所述端部隔离膜31重叠，即，沿所述电极组件100的厚度方向，所述第一连接件40与所述端部隔离膜31的投影不重叠。
在第一实施例中，电极组件100的卷绕起始端，与所述第一连接件40相对设置的位置，层叠设置着第一极片10的卷绕起始层和四层隔离膜30，所述隔离膜30的厚度为t1，第一集流体101的厚度为t2，活性物质层102的厚度为t3，为了不增加电极组件100的整体厚度，所述第一连接件40的厚度t满足公式：t≤4*t1+t2+t3。在一可选实施例中，若所述第一极片10的卷绕起始端没有活性物质层102，则所述第一连接件40的厚度t满足公式：t≤4*t1+t2。进一步地，在另一可选实施例中，为了节省隔离膜30，电极组件100的起始卷绕圈内侧仅设置两层隔离膜30，所述第一连接件40的厚度t 满足公式：t≤2*t1+t2。可以理解，在其他实施例中，当第一连接件40以涂刷或点胶的方式设置于所述单面区11时，沿所述电极组件100的厚度方向，所述第一连接件40的厚度小于或等于所述第一极片10的厚度。
进一步地，所述电极组件100包括第一极耳70和第二极耳80。所述第一极片10的活性物质层102上开设凹槽，所述第一集流体101从所述凹槽露出，所述第一极耳70设置在所述凹槽内并与所述第一集流体101连接。所述第二极耳80以同样的方式连接所述第二极片20的第二集流体。为了避免第一极耳70与第一集流体101连接处的毛刺刮伤第二极片20和/或第一极片10，所述第一极耳70与所述第一极片10的连接处贴附一粘接件90，同时与所述第一极耳70相邻的两层第二极片20也在相应位置设置粘接件90。可以理解，所述第二极耳80与所述第二极片20的连接处也可以设置粘接件90，此处不再赘述。
所述第一极耳的厚度为t4，所述第二极耳的厚度为t5，所述粘接件90的厚度为t6。沿所述电极组件100的厚度方向，若所述第一极耳70的投影与所述端部隔离膜31的投影重叠，为了避免增加电极组件100的整体厚度并维持电极组件100的整体厚度均匀，所述第一连接件40的厚度t满足公式：t≤(4t1+t2+t3)+(t4+3t6)-t3。可以理解，沿所述电极组件100的厚度放，若所述第一极耳70的投影与所述端部隔离膜31的投影不重叠，所述第一连接件40的厚度t满足公式：t≤(4t1+t2+t3)-(t4+3t6-t3)。
本申请的电极组件作为实验组，单面区未设置连接件的普通电极组件作为对照组，做了两种不同条件下的循环膨胀实验。实验数据如图13所示，在25摄氏度循环膨胀实验中，本申请的电极组件在700次循环后的膨胀百分比降低至6％，在45摄氏度循环膨胀实验中，本申请的电极组件在400次循环后的膨胀百分比降低至4％， 明显低于对照组的实验结果，证明了第一连接件40有效抑制了单面区11的不规则形变。
第二实施例
请参阅图7和图8，第二实施例的电极组件200与第一实施例的电极组件100大致相同，区别在于，第二实施例中，所述隔离膜30覆盖所述单面区11未涂覆活性物质层的表面，所述第一连接件40设置于所述第一未涂覆区12与所述隔离膜30之间。进一步地，所述第二未涂覆区13与所述隔离膜30之间设有第二连接件50，所述第二连接件50用于固定连接所述隔离膜30与所述第二未涂覆区13。所述第二连接件50的材质与所述第一连接件40的材质相同，为双面胶。在第二实施例中，所述第一未涂覆区12与所述第二未涂覆区13通过所述第一连接件40、隔离膜和第二连接件50连接形成整体，增强电极组件200的内圈界面硬度，抑制单面区11的不规则形变。进一步地，为了避免增加电极组件200的整体厚度，沿所述电极组件200的厚度方向，所述第一连接件40与所述第二连接件50的投影不重叠。
第三实施例
请参阅图9和图10，第三实施例的电极组件300与第二实施例的电极组件200，区别在于，第三实施例中，所述隔离膜30背离所述第一未涂覆区12的一侧还设有第三连接件60，使所述第一未涂覆区12、所述隔离膜30和所述第二未涂覆区13通过所述第三连接件固定连接，进一步提高电极组件300的硬度。
第四实施例
请参阅图11和图12，第四实施例的电极组件400与第一实施例的电极组件100大致相同，区别在于，第四实施例中，所述第一连接件40沿所述电极组件100的宽度方向延伸，所述第一连接件40覆盖并连接所述第一未涂覆区12、所述第二未涂覆区13和所述 端部隔离膜31。
具体地，所述隔离膜30覆盖所述第一未涂覆区12和所述第二未涂覆区13相对的两个表面，所述第一连接件40为设置在所述隔离膜30卷绕起始端的两侧表面的粘接层，所述端部隔离膜31、所述第一未涂覆区12和所述第二未涂覆区13通过所述隔离膜30上的粘接层固定连接。
第五实施例
请参阅图14，第五实施例的电极组件500与第一实施例的电极组件100大致相同，区别在于，第五实施例中，所述电极组件100还包括支撑件91，所述支撑件91夹设于所述第一未涂覆区12和所述第二未涂覆区13之间，以支撑所述单面区11，抑制所述单面区11发生不规则形变。所述第一连接件40设置在第一未涂覆区12与所述支撑件91之间，以连接所述支撑件91与所述单面区11，防止所述支撑件91从所述电极组件500脱落。
请参阅图15，本申请还提供一种电池600，包括上述任一实施例或实施例组合中的电极组件和包装体601，所述包装体601***述电极组件，所述电极组件的极耳伸出所述包装体601。
以上实施方式仅用以说明本申请的技术方案而非限制，尽管参照以上较佳实施方式对本申请进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本申请的技术方案进行修改或等同替换都不应脱离本申请技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种电极组件，包括：
    第一极片；
    第二极片，和
    隔离膜，所述隔离膜设置于所述第一极片和所述第二极片之间，所述电极组件由所述第一极片、所述隔离膜和所述第二极片卷绕形成；
    其特征在于，所述第一极片包括单面区，所述单面区位于所述电极组件的卷绕起始层并形成相对设置的第一未涂覆区和第二未涂覆区，所述电极组件还包括第一连接件，所述第一连接件设置于所述第一未涂覆区朝向所述第二未涂覆区的一侧，所述第二未涂覆区连接所述第一连接件背离所述第一未涂覆区的一侧。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述第一连接件为双面胶，粘贴于所述第一未涂覆区朝向所述第二未涂覆区的表面。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述隔离膜覆盖所述单面区未涂覆活性物质层的表面，所述第一连接件设置于所述第一未涂覆区与所述隔离膜之间。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述第二未涂覆区与所述隔离膜之间设有第二连接件，所述第二连接件用于固定连接所述隔离膜与所述第二未涂覆区。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的电极组件，其特征在于，沿所述电极组件的厚度方向，所述第一连接件与所述第二连接件的投影不重叠。
  6. 如权利要求4所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述隔离膜背离所述第一未涂覆区的一侧设有第三连接件，所述第一未涂覆区、所述隔离膜和所述第二未涂覆区通过所述第三连接件固定连接。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述第一连接件沿所述电极组件的宽度方向延伸，所述第一连接件覆盖并连接所述第 一未涂覆区、所述第二未涂覆区。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述电极组件还包括支撑件，所述支撑件夹设于所述第一未涂覆区和所述第二未涂覆区之间。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述第一连接件设置在第一未涂覆区与所述支撑件之间。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的电极组件，其特征在于，沿所述电极组件的长度方向，所述第一连接件的长度小于或等于所述电极组件的长度。
  11. 如权利要求1所述的电极组件，其特征在于，沿所述电极组件的厚度方向，所述第一连接件的厚度小于或等于所述第一极片的厚度。
  12. 如权利要求1所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述第一连接件包括多个连接单元，所述多个连接单元间隔设置在所述单面区未涂覆活性物质层的表面。
  13. 一种电池，包括电极组件和包装体，其特征在于，所述电极组件为权利要求1-12任一项所述的电极组件，所述包装体***述电极组件，所述电极组件的极耳伸出所述包装体。
PCT/CN2020/079016 2020-03-12 2020-03-12 电极组件和电池 WO2021179256A1 (zh)

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