WO2021147731A1 - 前照灯光学元件、车灯模组、车灯及车辆 - Google Patents

前照灯光学元件、车灯模组、车灯及车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021147731A1
WO2021147731A1 PCT/CN2021/071508 CN2021071508W WO2021147731A1 WO 2021147731 A1 WO2021147731 A1 WO 2021147731A1 CN 2021071508 W CN2021071508 W CN 2021071508W WO 2021147731 A1 WO2021147731 A1 WO 2021147731A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
optical element
headlamp optical
lens
reflecting
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/071508
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
祝贺
仇智平
桑文慧
Original Assignee
华域视觉科技(上海)有限公司
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Priority to US17/791,950 priority Critical patent/US11927318B2/en
Publication of WO2021147731A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021147731A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F21S41/32—Optical layout thereof
    • F21S41/322—Optical layout thereof the reflector using total internal reflection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F21S41/37—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors characterised by their material, surface treatment or coatings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F21S41/151—Light emitting diodes [LED] arranged in one or more lines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/24—Light guides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/25—Projection lenses
    • F21S41/255—Lenses with a front view of circular or truncated circular outline
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/25—Projection lenses
    • F21S41/27—Thick lenses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/285—Refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters not provided in groups F21S41/24 - F21S41/2805
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/40—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by screens, non-reflecting members, light-shielding members or fixed shades
    • F21S41/43—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by screens, non-reflecting members, light-shielding members or fixed shades characterised by the shape thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2102/00—Exterior vehicle lighting devices for illuminating purposes
    • F21W2102/10—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light
    • F21W2102/13—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light for high-beam region or low-beam region
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2107/00—Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles
    • F21W2107/10—Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles for land vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an automobile lamp, in particular to a headlamp optical element.
  • the present invention also relates to a vehicle lamp module, a vehicle lamp and a vehicle.
  • the commonly used LED light source projection lighting system in the automobile lamp generally includes a light source, a reflective element or a light-concentrating element, a shading plate, and an optical lens.
  • the light emitted by the light source is reflected by the reflective element and then directed to the light-shielding plate. After being intercepted by the light-shielding plate, it is projected by the optical lens to form an illuminating light shape with a cut-off line.
  • the light emitted by the light source is collected by the condensing element and passed on it. After the surface or bottom surface is cut, it is projected by an optical lens to form an illumination light shape with a cut-off line.
  • the size of the reflective element needs to have a larger coverage area relative to the light-emitting angle of the light source, and the condensing element needs a long light channel to ensure a certain system light effect.
  • the light channel is a solid light guide.
  • a too long condensing element will result in a larger volume of the vehicle lamp module, and the structure is not compact enough, and a too long concentrating element uses more materials and has a higher manufacturing cost.
  • the optical elements such as shading plates and lenses used in conjunction with it will also increase accordingly, which will cause a further increase in manufacturing costs, and this will be compared with future automobiles. There is a prominent contradiction in the trend of becoming more compact. Therefore, a compact, lightweight, and efficient optical system is needed to meet the strong market demand.
  • the problem to be solved by the first aspect of the present invention is to provide a headlamp optical element, which has a compact structure, a small volume and high optical efficiency.
  • the problem to be solved by the second aspect of the present invention is to provide a vehicle lamp module, which has a compact structure, a small volume and high optical efficiency.
  • the problem to be solved by the third aspect of the present invention is to provide a vehicle lamp which has a compact structure, a small volume and high optical efficiency.
  • the problem to be solved by the fourth aspect of the present invention is to provide a vehicle with compact structure, small volume, and high optical efficiency.
  • one aspect of the present invention provides a headlamp optical element, including the headlamp optical element including a light collecting portion, a first light emitting portion, and a reflecting portion that are sequentially and integrally connected along the light emission direction; or
  • the headlamp optical element includes a light collecting part, a first light emitting part, a reflecting part, and a second light emitting part which are sequentially and integrally connected along the light emitting direction, and the first light emitting part, the reflecting part and the second light emitting part are enclosed into a first light emitting part.
  • the light collecting part can condense the incident light and make the light exit through the first light exiting part, some of the light can pass through the first cavity and directly irradiate to the second light exiting part, and the other part
  • the light can be reflected by the reflecting part and then directed toward the second light-emitting part; wherein one end of the reflecting part is connected to the lower part of the first light-emitting part, and the other end is formed with a low-beam cut-off line for forming a near-bright and dark cut-off line Structure; or, one end of the reflecting part is connected to the upper part of the first light-emitting part, and the other end is formed with a high-beam cut-off line structure for forming a far bright and dark cut-off line; the light-emitting surface of the first light-emitting part has a step Multiple stepped surfaces or a single curved surface with continuous and smooth curvature.
  • the light collecting portion is a light collecting cup structure, and is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the stepped surface.
  • the stepped surface is a flat surface or a curved surface with continuous and smooth curvature.
  • the area of the stepped surface in the middle region is larger than the area of the stepped surface on both sides.
  • the light-emitting surface of the second light-emitting portion is a smooth concave curved surface with continuous curvature.
  • the end surface of the reflecting part away from the light collecting part is a concave arc-shaped curved surface with continuous and smooth curvature.
  • it further includes side walls, the side walls are provided on the left and right sides of the reflecting part, one end of which is connected to the first light emitting part, and the other end is connected to the second light emitting part.
  • a 50L dark area forming structure is formed on the reflective surface of the reflecting portion having the low beam cut-off line structure, and the brightness of the low beam 50L area can be reduced after light is reflected and refracted by the dark area forming structure.
  • the low-beam cut-off line structure is provided on the front edge of the reflective surface of the reflecting part, the lower part of the light collecting part is provided with a zone III light shape forming structure, and the zone III light shape is formed
  • the structure can form a low-beam zone III light shape.
  • the number of the light collecting parts is two or more.
  • a reflective layer is provided on the reflective surface of the reflective portion.
  • the second aspect of the present invention also provides a vehicle lamp module, comprising the headlamp optical element according to any one of the above technical solutions and a lens, the lens being arranged in the light emission direction of the headlamp optical element Above, wherein the headlamp optical element and the lens are directly connected; or further comprising a connecting plate, the headlamp optical element and the lens are connected through the connecting plate, the headlamp optical element , The lens and the connecting plate are integrally injection molded.
  • the low-beam cut-off line structure or the high-beam cut-off line structure is located in an area from 10 mm on the upper side to 10 mm on the lower side of the optical axis of the lens.
  • the lens is a convex lens or a Fresnel lens structure.
  • the third aspect of the present invention also provides a vehicle lamp, including the vehicle lamp module according to any one of the above technical solutions.
  • the fourth aspect of the present invention also provides a vehicle including the vehicle lamp according to the above technical solution.
  • the headlamp optical element of the present invention includes the headlamp optical element including a light collecting portion, a first light emitting portion, and a reflecting portion that are sequentially and integrally connected along the light emission direction; or the headlamp optical element It includes a light-collecting part, a first light-emitting part, a reflecting part and a second light-emitting part which are sequentially and integrally connected along the light emission direction.
  • the first light-emitting part, the reflecting part and the second light-emitting part are enclosed into a first cavity.
  • the light part can converge the incident light and make the light exit through the first light-emitting part, wherein part of the light can pass through the first cavity and be directly emitted to the second light-emitting part, and the other part of the light can be reflected by the Part of the reflecting part is reflected to the second light emitting part; wherein one end of the reflecting part is connected to the lower part of the first light emitting part, and the other end is formed with a low-beam cut-off line structure for forming a near-bright and dark cut-off line; or, the One end of the reflecting part is connected to the upper part of the first light-emitting part, and the other end is formed with a high-beam cut-off line structure for forming a far bright and dark cut-off line; the light-emitting surface of the first light-emitting part is a plurality of stepped surfaces or a single A surface with continuous and smooth curvature.
  • the headlamp optical element of the present invention occupies a small space, greatly improves the space utilization rate, can meet the market's requirements for diversification and miniaturization of vehicle lights, and improves the position between the optical surfaces on the light propagation path On the basis of accuracy, the structure is simplified to make it more lightweight.
  • Figure 1 is one of the three-dimensional structural diagrams of the first specific embodiment of the headlamp optical element
  • Figure 2 is a second three-dimensional structural view of the first specific embodiment of the headlamp optical element
  • Figure 3 is the third three-dimensional structural view of the first specific embodiment of the headlamp optical element
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a first specific embodiment of the headlamp optical element
  • Fig. 5 is a perspective structural view of a first specific embodiment of a vehicle lamp module including the headlamp optical element of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the vehicle lamp module of Fig. 5;
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of Fig. 5;
  • Fig. 8 is one of the three-dimensional structural diagrams of a second specific embodiment of a vehicle lamp module including the headlamp optical element of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 9 is a second three-dimensional structural view of a second specific embodiment of a vehicle lamp module including the headlamp optical element of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 10 is a third three-dimensional structural view of a second specific embodiment of a vehicle lamp module including the headlamp optical element of Fig. 1;
  • Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of the vehicle lamp module of Figure 8.
  • FIG. 12 is a three-dimensional structural view of a third specific embodiment of a vehicle lamp module including the headlamp optical element of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 13 is one of the three-dimensional structural diagrams of a fourth specific embodiment of a vehicle lamp module including the headlamp optical element of FIG. 1;
  • Fig. 14 is a second three-dimensional structural view of a fourth specific embodiment of a vehicle lamp module including the headlamp optical element of Fig. 1;
  • Figure 15 is a cross-sectional view of the vehicle lamp module of Figure 13;
  • Figure 16 is one of the three-dimensional structural diagrams of the second specific embodiment of the headlamp optical element
  • Figure 17 is a second three-dimensional structural view of the second specific embodiment of the headlamp optical element
  • Figure 18 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 16.
  • Fig. 19 is a three-dimensional structural view of a first specific embodiment of a vehicle lamp module including the headlamp optical element of Fig. 16;
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of a vehicle lamp module including the headlamp optical element of FIG. 16;
  • Fig. 21 is one of the three-dimensional structural diagrams of the second specific embodiment of the vehicle lamp module including the headlamp optical element of Fig. 16;
  • Fig. 22 is a second three-dimensional structural view of the second specific embodiment of the vehicle lamp module including the headlamp optical element of Fig. 16;
  • Fig. 23 is a third three-dimensional structural view of the second specific embodiment of the vehicle lamp module including the headlamp optical element of Fig. 16;
  • Figure 24 is a cross-sectional view of the vehicle lamp module of Figure 21;
  • Fig. 25 is a three-dimensional structural view of a third specific embodiment of a vehicle lamp module including the headlamp optical element of Fig. 16;
  • Figure 26 is a cross-sectional view of the vehicle lamp module of Figure 25;
  • Figure 27 is one of the three-dimensional structural diagrams of the third embodiment of the headlamp optical element
  • Fig. 28 is the second three-dimensional structural view of the third embodiment of the headlamp optical element
  • Figure 29 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 27;
  • Figure 30 is a three-dimensional structural view of a fourth embodiment of the headlamp optical element
  • Figure 31 is a cross-sectional view of a fifth embodiment of the headlamp optical element
  • Fig. 32 is one of the three-dimensional structural diagrams of the sixth embodiment of the headlamp optical element
  • Fig. 33 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of A in Fig. 32;
  • Figure 34 is the second three-dimensional structural view of the sixth specific embodiment of the headlamp optical element
  • FIG. 35 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of FIG. 34;
  • Fig. 36 is a perspective structural view of a first specific embodiment of a vehicle lamp module including the headlamp optical element of Fig. 32;
  • Figure 37 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 36;
  • FIG. 38 is one of the three-dimensional structural diagrams of the second specific embodiment of the vehicle lamp module including the headlamp optical element of FIG. 32;
  • Fig. 39 is a second three-dimensional structural view of a second specific embodiment of a vehicle lamp module including the headlamp optical element of Fig. 32;
  • FIG. 40 is a three-dimensional structural view of a third specific embodiment of a vehicle lamp module including the headlamp optical element of FIG. 32;
  • Fig. 41 is a schematic diagram of a simulation of a high beam shape formed by a car lamp module of a headlamp optical element
  • FIG. 42 is a schematic diagram of the simulation of the low beam shape formed by the vehicle light module of the headlight optical element.
  • High beam cut-off line structure 18 side walls 19a 50L dark area formation structure 19b area III light shape formation structure
  • the headlamp optical element based on the present invention is normally installed in a car lamp, along the light emission direction, "front” refers to the end where the second light emission part 14 is located. “Back” refers to the end where the light collecting part 11 is located, “left and right” refers to the direction of light emission, the left and right sides of the headlight optical element; “up and down” refers to the direction of light emission, the headlight optical element Above and below.
  • the optical axis 21 refers to a virtual straight line extending along the front-rear direction of the headlight optical element and passing through the focal point of the lens 2.
  • the cut-off line of light and darkness is the boundary line of the significant changes in light and darkness that the light beam is projected onto the light distribution screen.
  • the near-bright and dark cut-off line 61 of the present invention refers to the upper boundary of the low-beam light shape of the vehicle light
  • the far-bright and dark cut-off line 62 refers to the lower boundary of the high-beam light shape of the vehicle light.
  • the interpretation should be based on the actual installation state and in conjunction with the headlamp optical element 1 of the present invention as a reference orientation term.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense.
  • it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or Integral connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be a communication between two elements or an interaction relationship between two elements.
  • it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or Integral connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be a communication between two elements or an interaction relationship between two elements.
  • the present invention provides a headlamp optical element.
  • the headlamp optical element includes a light collecting portion 11 and a first light emitting portion that are sequentially and integrally connected along the light emission direction. 12 and reflection part 13.
  • the headlamp optical element includes a light collecting portion 11, a first light emitting portion 12, and a reflecting portion 13 which are sequentially and integrally connected along the light emission direction. And the second light-emitting portion 14.
  • the first light-emitting portion 12, the reflecting portion 13 and the second light-emitting portion 14 surround the first cavity 16, and the light-collecting portion 11 can condense the incident light and cause the light to pass through the
  • the first light-emitting portion 12 emits, part of the light can pass through the first cavity 16 and is directly emitted to the second light-emitting portion 14, and another part of the light can be reflected by the reflecting portion 13 and then be emitted to the second light-emitting portion. ⁇ 14.
  • one end of the reflecting part 13 is connected to the lower part of the first light emitting part 12, and the other end is formed to form a proximal The low-beam cut-off line structure 15 of the light and dark cut-off line 61.
  • one end of the reflecting part 13 is connected to the upper part of the first light emitting part 12, and the other end is formed with a high beam cut-off line structure for forming a far bright and dark cut-off line 62 17;
  • the light-emitting surface of the first light-emitting portion 12 is a plurality of stepped surfaces 121 with a step difference or a single curved surface with continuous and smooth curvature.
  • the reflective portion 13 has a reflective surface, that is, a surface on the reflective portion 13 close to the first cavity 16, and the reflective surface of the reflective portion 13 can reflect part of the light emitted by the first light emitting portion 12.
  • the front end of the reflecting part 13 is formed with a low-beam cut-off line structure 15 or a high-beam cut-off line structure 17, and the shape of the low-beam cut-off line structure 15 or the high-beam cut-off line structure 17 is based on different regulations or different countries, regions and automobile manufacturers The different requirements are formulated and are not limited to the shapes shown in the drawings.
  • the light-collecting part 11 converges the incident light rays and then emits them through the first light-emitting part 12, and part of the light rays pass through the first cavity 16 and are directly directed to the second light-emitting part 14 or arranged in the headlamp optical element 1 of the present invention.
  • the optical element at the front end another part of the light is reflected by the reflecting part 13 and then directed toward the second light emitting part 14 or the optical element arranged at the front end of the headlamp optical element 1 of the present invention.
  • the optical element at the front end of the headlamp optical element 1 of the present invention can achieve higher light efficiency while reducing the size of the headlamp optical element 1, so that the headlamp optical element 1 is further miniaturized.
  • the headlamp optical element 1 of the present invention occupies a small space, greatly improves the space utilization efficiency, and can meet the process requirements of integral molding.
  • the light collecting portion 11, the first light emitting portion 12, the reflecting portion 13, and the second light emitting portion 14 are integrally injection-molded to improve the position accuracy between the optical surfaces, and the structure of the headlamp optical element 1 is relatively simplified;
  • the arrangement of the first cavity 16 can save materials and reduce costs, making the headlamp optical element 1 lighter;
  • the lamp optical element 1 adds two light distribution optical surfaces, the light exit surface of the first light exit portion 12 and the light entrance surface of the second light exit portion 14, which increases the light distribution parameters and makes the light distribution more flexible.
  • the light collecting portion 11 has a light collecting cup structure and is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the stepped surface 121.
  • the condenser cup structure is a common condenser structure in the field of vehicle lamps.
  • an inner concave cavity is opened at one end of the condenser part away from the reflecting part, and the The inner concave cavity includes a front light-incident surface and a side light-incident surface, the front light-incident surface is a curved surface that protrudes to the side away from the reflecting part, and the side light-incident surface is formed by the side away from the reflecting part.
  • a curved surface whose circumference gradually decreases from one end to the end close to the reflecting part, and the outer contour surface of the light collecting part is a curved surface whose circumference gradually increases from the end far from the reflecting part to the end close to the reflecting part .
  • the stepped surface 121 is a flat surface or a curved surface with continuous and smooth curvature.
  • the area of the stepped surface 121 in the middle region is larger than the area of the stepped surfaces on both sides.
  • each light collecting part 11 is provided with a first light emitting part 12 corresponding to each A light emitting portion 12 is formed as a stepped surface 121.
  • Each stepped surface 121 can have a variety of structural forms.
  • a single stepped surface 121 can be a flat surface or a continuous and smooth curved surface; secondly, the area of each stepped surface 121 is proportional to the size of the corresponding light-collecting portion 11, namely The larger the connecting surface of the light collecting part 11 and the first light emitting part 12, the larger the area of the stepped surface 121, and vice versa, the smaller; finally, for the light emission requirements, the area of the stepped surface 121 in the middle area will be larger than the areas on both sides.
  • the step surface 121 not only that, the stepped surfaces 121 on both sides can also be arranged in a bilaterally symmetrical form with respect to the stepped surfaces 121 in the middle area.
  • the main purpose of the separate arrangement of these stepped surfaces 121 is to be able to adjust the light shape by adjusting each stepped surface 12, and the operation is more convenient, and the dimming effect is better.
  • the first light-emitting portion 12 may also be a continuous and smooth curved surface or a flat surface. At this time, the first light-emitting portion 12 is a single surface.
  • the light-emitting surface of the second light-emitting portion 14 is a smooth concave curved surface with continuous curvature.
  • the continuous and smooth concave curved surface can make the shape of the emitted light clearer.
  • the second light emitting portion 14 is not limited to the structure of the concave curved surface, and may also be a flat surface or other free-form surface structure.
  • the end surface of the reflecting part 13 away from the light collecting part 11 is a concave curved surface with continuous and smooth curvature, due to the near bright and dark cut-off line structure 15 or the far bright and dark cut-off line structure 17 Set at the lower or upper edge of the concave arc-shaped curved surface, therefore, the concave arc-shaped curved surface can make the near light and dark cut-off line 61 or the far light and dark cut-off line 62 of the vehicle light shape more clear and sharp.
  • the end surface of the reflection part 13 away from the light collection part 11 is flat.
  • the structural form of the end of the reflecting part 13 far away from the light collecting part 11 may also be a free-form surface structure or other forms, all of which are determined by the requirements of the light emitting effect.
  • the headlamp optical element 1 of the present invention further includes side walls 18, the side walls 18 are provided on the left and right sides of the reflecting part 13, one end of which is connected to the first light emitting part 12, and the other end It is connected to the second light emitting part 14.
  • side walls 18 are provided on both sides of the headlamp optical element 1 of the present invention.
  • One end of the side wall 18 is connected to the first light emitting portion 12, and the other end is connected to the second The light emitting part 14 is connected, and the side wall 18 can make the headlamp optical element 1 have higher strength and longer life.
  • the headlamp optical element 1 may not be provided with the side wall 18.
  • a 50L dark area forming structure 19a is formed on the reflective surface of the reflective portion 13 having the low beam cut-off line structure 15, and light passes through the 50L.
  • the reflection and refraction of the dark area forming structure 19a can reduce the brightness of the low beam 50L area.
  • the brightness of the 50L area 64 in the low beam light shape that is, 50L ⁇ 15lx.
  • the first light emitting portion 12 is directed toward the 50L dark area forming structure 19a. After the light is reflected and refracted by the 50L dark area forming structure 19a, the propagation direction of this part of the light is changed to reach the area outside the 50L area 64 to reduce the brightness of the low beam 50L area 64 to meet the requirements of regulations.
  • the low beam cut-off line structure 15 is provided on the front edge of the reflective surface of the reflective portion 13, and the lower portion of the light collecting portion 11 is provided There is a zone III light shape forming structure 19b, and the zone III light shape forming structure 19b can form a low-beam zone III light shape.
  • the lower part of the light collecting part 11 is provided with a zone III light shape forming structure 19b, so that part of the light condensed by the light collecting part 11 can be emitted from the zone III light forming structure 19b and reflected The light is emitted from below the portion 13 to form the light shape of the III zone 63 of the low beam shown in FIG. 43.
  • the prior art III-zone forming structure can be set on the lower surface of the lens, lens holder, or condenser, etc., and some will affect the appearance of the lens, and some will affect the light effect.
  • a zone III light shape forming structure 19b is provided at the lower part of the light collecting part 11, so that light is emitted from the zone III light shape forming structure 19b and is emitted to the lens 2 through the reflection part 13 below.
  • the lens 2 is projected to the low beam III zone 63, so that neither the appearance of the lens nor the light effect is affected.
  • the light source 5 is arranged at the opening of the inner cavity of the light collecting portion 11, and after being condensed by the light collecting portion 11, a part of the light directly enters Lens 2; part of the light is reflected by the reflective surface of the reflection part 13 and then enters the lens 2; part of the light is emitted from the bottom of the reflection part 13 to the lens 2.
  • the low beam has a light shape, and can change the propagation direction of the light that hits the 50L dark area forming structure 19a, so that the brightness of the low beam 50L area 64 meets the legal requirements.
  • the headlamp optical element 1 adopts the high beam structure
  • the light emitted by the light source 5 is condensed by the light collecting part 11, and one part directly enters the lens 2, and the other part is reflected by the reflecting part 13 and then enters the lens 2.
  • the above two parts After the light is projected by the lens 2, a high beam light shape with a far bright and dark cut-off line 62 as shown in FIG. 41 is formed.
  • the number of the light collecting parts 11 is two or more.
  • the headlamp optical element 1 of the present invention includes two or more light collecting parts 11, and each light collecting part 11 is correspondingly provided with a light source 5.
  • the dispersed arrangement of multiple light sources 5 is beneficial to the heat dissipation of the light source 5, and multiple light sources 5 are used at the same time.
  • the light collecting part 11 can also improve the optical efficiency of the headlamp optical element 1. Under normal circumstances, according to the needs of light output, the light collection part 11 in the middle area will be larger than the light collection parts 11 in the two side areas, so that a light shape with high illuminance requirements in the middle area can be obtained, so that more light can be collected, thereby increasing the light. effect.
  • the reflective surface of the reflective portion 13 is provided with a reflective layer.
  • the reflective surface of the reflective portion 13 is an optical surface for receiving part of the light emitted by the first light-emitting portion 12, and the reflective surface of the reflective portion 13 can be added with a reflectance layer to increase the reflectivity of the light.
  • the anti-reflective coating or anti-reflective coating on the reflecting surface is usually, for example, aluminized on the reflecting surface of the reflecting part 13.
  • the second aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle lamp module, including the headlamp optical element 1 and the lens 2 according to any one of the above technical solutions.
  • the lens 2 is arranged in the light emission direction of the headlamp optical element 1, wherein the headlamp optical element 1 and the lens 2 are directly connected.
  • the headlamp optical element 1 and the lens 2 adopt an integrated structure.
  • the vehicle lamp module can be integrally injection molded using materials such as glass, PC, PMMA, or silicone.
  • FIGS. 8 to 12, 21 to 24, and 38 to 40 it further includes a connecting plate 3, and the headlamp optical element 1 and the lens 2 are connected through The board 3 is connected, and the headlamp optical element 1, the lens 2 and the connecting board 3 can be integrally injection molded.
  • the lamp modules of the above two structural forms are all integrated by injection molding, which can reduce the number of parts and make the structure of the assembled lamp more compact. At the same time, it can also avoid assembly errors between the optical components during the assembly process, and improve The assembly accuracy can improve the optical accuracy and reduce the size of the car lamp module, thereby improving production efficiency and reducing production costs.
  • the car light module adopts an integrated structure
  • only one optical element of the headlight optical element 1 and lens 2 integrally injection molded can realize the illumination light shape, no other optical elements are required, and the structure is simple .
  • at least one inner light distribution lens can be arranged between the integrally injection-molded optical element and the outer light distribution lens.
  • the inner light distribution lens can be a common plastic part of the same wall thickness, which is only for presentation.
  • the required shape can also be a light distribution plastic part with a light distribution function on the back.
  • the lens 2 can also be directly arranged at the front end of the headlamp optical element 1, instead of using the connecting plate 3 to connect, but using Other mounting brackets are respectively installed on the radiator in the lamp body.
  • the headlamp optical element 1 and the lens 2 adopt a split structure, and the lens 2 is arranged in the direction of light emission of the headlamp optical element 1.
  • the two are arranged separately.
  • the headlight optical element 1 and the lens 2 are flexibly arranged according to the needs of the vehicle lamp shape, so that the vehicle lamp shape is more novel and changeable, and meets the needs of the user for the personalized and technologically sensitive vehicle lamp shape.
  • the low-beam cut-off line structure 15 or the high-beam cut-off line structure 17 is located in an area from 10 mm on the upper side to 10 mm on the lower side of the optical axis 21 of the lens 2.
  • the near-bright and dark cut-off line structure 15 or the far-bright and dark cut-off line structure 17 is located 10mm from the upper side to the lower side of the optical axis 21 of the lens 2
  • the near-bright and dark cut-off line structure 15 or the far-bright and dark cut-off line structure 17 is located in the area from 2mm on the upper side to 2mm on the lower side of the optical axis 21 of the lens 2.
  • the near-bright and dark cutoff line The structure 15 or the far bright and dark cut-off line structure 17 is located at the optical axis 21 of the lens 2, that is, the focal point of the lens 2 is on the near bright and dark cut-off line structure 15 or the far bright and dark cut-off line structure 17, so that the formed light shape is clearer.
  • the lens 2 is a convex lens or a Fresnel lens structure, and different structural forms of the lens 2 can realize the diversification of the car lamp module.
  • the lens 2 adopts the Fresnel lens structure, the car lamp module The volume will be smaller and lighter.
  • a third aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle lamp, including the vehicle lamp module according to any one of the above technical solutions.
  • the fourth aspect of the present invention also provides a vehicle including the vehicle lamp according to the above technical solution.
  • the beneficial effects of the present invention are: firstly, the second light emitting portion 14 of the vehicle headlamp optical element 1 and the lens 2 are integrally formed, the reflecting portion 13 is provided on the upper part of the first light emitting portion 12, and the light source 5 is provided on the light collecting portion 11 At the opening of the inner concave cavity, after being converged by the light collecting part 11, a part of the light directly enters the lens 2 through the first cavity 16, and another part of the light is reflected on the reflective surface of the reflecting part 13 and directly enters the lens 2. After the above two parts of light are superimposed, a high beam light shape with a far bright and dark cutoff line 62 is formed.
  • the specific light shape diagram is shown in FIG.
  • the lamp module adopts an integrated structure, which can reduce the number of parts and make the structure of the assembled lamp more compact. At the same time, it can also avoid the assembly error between the optical components during the assembly process, improve the assembly accuracy, and thus can improve Optical precision reduces the size of the high beam module, thereby improving production efficiency and reducing production costs.
  • the car light module is a high-beam module, which adopts an integrated structure. Only one optical element formed by the headlight optical element 1 and the lens 2 can achieve the high-beam light shape, and no installation is required. Other optical components have a simple structure.
  • the second light emitting part 14 of the headlamp optical element 1 is integrally formed with the lens 2, the reflecting part 13 is arranged at the lower part of the first light emitting part 12, and the light source 5 is arranged at the opening of the inner concave cavity of the light collecting part 11.
  • the close The light module can form a low-beam light shape below the near-bright and dark cut-off line 61 as shown in FIG.
  • the car light module is a low beam light module, which adopts an integrated structure, which can reduce the number of parts and make the structure of the assembled car light more compact. At the same time, it can also avoid assembly errors between the optical components during the assembly process.
  • the assembly precision is improved, so that the optical precision can be improved and the size of the low beam module can be reduced, thereby improving production efficiency and reducing production costs.
  • the low beam module adopts an integrated structure, only one optical element integrally formed with the headlight optical element 1 and the lens 2 is required to achieve the low beam shape, and no other optical elements are required. simple.
  • At least one inner light distribution lens can be provided between the integrally formed optical element and the outer light distribution lens for the needs of vehicle lamp shape.
  • the light distribution lens can be a common plastic part of equal wall thickness, just to present the required shape, or it can be a light distribution plastic part with a light distribution function on the back.
  • the headlamp optical element 1 of the present invention includes a light collecting portion 11, a first light emitting portion 12, and a reflecting portion 13 which are sequentially and integrally connected along the light emission direction; or the headlamp optical element 1 includes The light-collecting part 11, the first light-emitting part 12, the reflecting part 13, and the light-emitting part 12 are integrally connected in sequence along the light emission direction, and the first light-emitting part 12, the reflecting part 13 and the second light-emitting part 14 are enclosed into a first cavity 16.
  • the light collection part 11 can condense the incident light and make the light exit through the first light exit part 12, and part of the light can pass through the first cavity 16 and be directly directed to the second light exit part 14.
  • Another part of the light can be reflected by the reflecting part 13 and then directed toward the second light emitting part 14; wherein one end of the reflecting part 13 is connected to the lower part of the first light emitting part 12, and the other end is formed to form near light and dark light.
  • the light-emitting surface of the first light-emitting portion 12 is a plurality of stepped surfaces 121 with a step difference or a single curved surface with continuous and smooth curvature.
  • the headlamp optical element 1 of the present invention occupies a small space, and the space utilization rate is greatly improved. It can meet the market's requirements for diversification and miniaturization of vehicle lights, and improve the gap between the optical surfaces on the light propagation path. Based on the position accuracy, the structure is simplified to make it more lightweight.

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Abstract

一种前照灯光学元件（1）、包括前照灯光学元件（1）的车灯模组、车灯和车辆，前照灯光学元件（1）包括集光部（11）、第一出光部（12）和反射部（13）；或者包括集光部（11）、第一出光部（12）、反射部（13）和第二出光部（14），集光部（11）能够汇聚射入的光线并使得光线经由第一出光部（12）射出，其中部分光线能够直接射向第二出光部（14），另一部分光线能够经反射部（13）反射后射向第二出光部（14）；其中反射部（13）与第一出光部（12）的下部连接，另一端形成有近光截止线结构（15）；或者反射部（13）与第一出光部（12）的上部连接，另一端形成有远光截止线结构（17）；第一出光部（12）的出光面为具有段差的多个阶梯面（121）或单个曲面。前照灯光学元件（1）结构紧凑，体积较小，光学效率高。

Description

前照灯光学元件、车灯模组、车灯及车辆
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2020年1月20日提交的中国专利申请202010067744.0的权益，该申请的内容通过引用被合并于本申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及汽车车灯，具体地，涉及一种前照灯光学元件。此外，本发明还涉及一种车灯模组、车灯和车辆。
背景技术
近年来，车灯及装配于车灯中的前照灯模组得到了快速发展，从早先的卤素灯到后来的疝气灯，再到现在的LED、激光光源，使得车灯变得更加智能化，且造型上也更加差异化。在各种车灯光源中，LED光源因其优异的性能和低成本优势，正逐渐得到汽车厂家的重视，而伴随着LED光源的发展，其配光结构也逐渐在发展。
现有技术中的汽车车灯中常用的LED光源的投射式照明***，一般都包括光源、反射元件或聚光元件、遮光板以及光学透镜。光源发出的光线经反射元件反射后射向遮光板，经遮光板截取后，由光学透镜投射形成带有明暗截止线的照明光形，或者，光源发出的光线经聚光元件汇聚并由其上表面或下表面截取后，由光学透镜投射形成带有明暗截止线的照明光形。但由于LED光源的发光角度大，反射元件的尺寸需要相对光源出光角度有较大的覆盖范围，聚光元件需要较长的光通道才能保证一定的***光效，其中，光通道为实心导光体结构，但是，过长的聚光元件会造成车灯模组的体积较大，结构不够紧凑，且过长的聚光元件使用的材料较多，制造成本也较高。伴随着这种尺寸较大的反射镜或过长的聚光元件，其配合使用的遮光板、透镜等光学元件也会相应增大，这就会造成制造成本的进一步增加，且这和未来汽车造型越发紧凑的趋势存在突显的矛盾。因此需要一种紧凑、轻巧、高效的光学***来满足市场强烈的需求。
鉴于现有技术的上述缺陷，需要设计一种前照灯光学元件。
发明内容
本发明第一方面所要解决的问题是提供一种前照灯光学元件，该前照灯光学元件结构紧凑，体积较小，光学效率高。
此外，本发明第二方面所要解决的问题是提供一种车灯模组，该车灯模组结构紧凑，体积较小，光学效率高。
进一步地，本发明第三方面所要解决的问题是提供一种车灯，该车灯结构紧凑，体积较小，光学效率高。
更进一步地，本发明第四方面所要解决的问题是提供一种车辆，该车辆的车灯结构紧凑，体积较小，光学效率高。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明一方面提供一种前照灯光学元件，包括所述前照灯光学元件包括沿光线出射方向依次一体连接的集光部、第一出光部和反射部；或者所述前照灯光学元件包括沿光线出射方向依次一体连接的集光部、第一出光部、反射部和第二出光部，所述第一出光部、反射部和第二出光部围合成第一空腔，所述集光部能够汇聚射入的光线并使得光线经由所述第一出光部射出，其中部分光线能够穿过所述第一空腔直接射向所述第二出光部，另一部分光线能够经所述反射部反射后射向所述第二出光部；其中所述反射部的一端与第一出光部的下部连接，另一端形成有用于形成近光明暗截止线的近光截止线结构；或者，所述反射部的一端与第一出光部的上部连接，另一端形成有用于形成远光明暗截止线的远光截止线结构；所述第一出光部的出光面为具有段差的多个阶梯面或单个曲率连续且顺滑的曲面。
作为一个优选结构形式，所述集光部为聚光杯结构，且与所述阶梯面一一对应设置。
更优选地，所述阶梯面为平面或曲率连续且顺滑的曲面。
作为另一个优选结构形式，中部区域的所述阶梯面的面积大于两侧的所述阶梯面的面积。
作为又一个优选结构形式，所述第二出光部的出光面为曲率连续的顺滑的内凹曲面。
作为一个具体实施方式，所述反射部远离所述集光部的一端端面为曲率连续且顺滑的内凹弧状曲面。
作为另一个具体实施方式，还包括侧壁，所述侧壁设于所述反射部的左右两侧，其中一端与所述第一出光部连接，另一端与所述第二出光部连接。
更具体地，具有所述近光截止线结构的所述反射部的反射面上形成50L暗区形成结构，光线经所述暗区形成结构的反射和折射后能够降低近光50L区域的亮度。
作为又一个具体实施方式，所述近光截止线结构设于所述反射部的反射面的前边沿，所述集光部的下部设有Ⅲ区光形形成结构，所述Ⅲ区光形形成结构能够形成近光的Ⅲ区光形。
更具体地，所述集光部的数量为两个以上。
进一步具体地，所述反射部的反射面上设有增反层。
本发明第二方面还提供一种车灯模组，包括根据上述技术方案中任一项所述的前照灯光学元件和透镜，所述透镜设于所述前照灯光学元件的光线出射方向上，其中所述前照灯光学元件和所述透镜直接连接；或者还包括连接板，所述前照灯光学元件和所述透镜之间通过所述连接板连接，所述前照灯光学元件、所述透镜和所述连接板一体注塑成型。
作为一种独特的优选结构形式，所述近光截止线结构或所述远光截止线结构位于所述透镜的 光轴的上侧10mm至下侧10mm的区域内。
更独特地，所述透镜为凸透镜或菲涅尔透镜结构。
本发明第三方面还提供一种车灯，包括根据上述技术方案中任一项所述的车灯模组。
本发明第四方面还提供一种车辆，包括根据上述技术方案中所述的车灯。
通过上述技术方案，本发明的前照灯光学元件包括所述前照灯光学元件包括沿光线出射方向依次一体连接的集光部、第一出光部和反射部；或者所述前照灯光学元件包括沿光线出射方向依次一体连接的集光部、第一出光部、反射部和第二出光部，所述第一出光部、反射部和第二出光部围合成第一空腔，所述集光部能够汇聚射入的光线并使得光线经由所述第一出光部射出，其中部分光线能够穿过所述第一空腔直接射向所述第二出光部，另一部分光线能够经所述反射部反射后射向所述第二出光部；其中所述反射部的一端与第一出光部的下部连接，另一端形成有用于形成近光明暗截止线的近光截止线结构；或者，所述反射部的一端与第一出光部的上部连接，另一端形成有用于形成远光明暗截止线的远光截止线结构；所述第一出光部的出光面为具有段差的多个阶梯面或单个曲率连续且顺滑的曲面。本发明的前照灯光学元件的空间占用体积较小，空间利用率大幅度提高，能够适应市场对车灯的多样化及小型化的要求，在提高光线传播路径上的光学面之间的位置精度的基础上，对其结构进行简化，使得其更加轻量化。
有关本发明的其他优点以及优选实施方式的技术效果，将在下文的具体实施方式中进一步说明。
附图说明
图1是前照灯光学元件的第一个具体实施例的立体结构图之一；
图2是前照灯光学元件的第一个具体实施例的立体结构图之二；
图3是前照灯光学元件的第一个具体实施例的立体结构图之三；
图4是前照灯光学元件的第一个具体实施例的剖面图；
图5是包括图1的前照灯光学元件的车灯模组的第一个具体实施例的立体结构图；
图6是图5的车灯模组的剖面图；
图7是图5的光路示意图；
图8是包括图1的前照灯光学元件的车灯模组的第二个具体实施例的立体结构图之一；
图9是包括图1的前照灯光学元件的车灯模组的第二个具体实施例的立体结构图之二；
图10是包括图1的前照灯光学元件的车灯模组的第二个具体实施例的立体结构图之三；
图11是图8的车灯模组的剖面图；
图12是包括图1的前照灯光学元件的车灯模组的第三个具体实施例的立体结构图；
图13是包括图1的前照灯光学元件的车灯模组的第四个具体实施例的立体结构图之一；
图14是包括图1的前照灯光学元件的车灯模组的第四个具体实施例的立体结构图之二；
图15是图13的车灯模组的剖面图；
图16是前照灯光学元件的第二个具体实施例的立体结构图之一；
图17是前照灯光学元件的第二个具体实施例的立体结构图之二；
图18是图16的剖面图；
图19包括图16的前照灯光学元件的车灯模组的第一个具体实施例的立体结构图；
图20包括图16的前照灯光学元件的车灯模组的光路示意图；
图21包括图16的前照灯光学元件的车灯模组的第二个具体实施例的立体结构图之一；
图22包括图16的前照灯光学元件的车灯模组的第二个具体实施例的立体结构图之二；
图23包括图16的前照灯光学元件的车灯模组的第二个具体实施例的立体结构图之三；
图24是图21的车灯模组的剖面图；
图25包括图16的前照灯光学元件的车灯模组的第三个具体实施例的立体结构图；
图26是图25的车灯模组的剖面图；
图27是前照灯光学元件的第三个具体实施例的立体结构图之一；
图28是前照灯光学元件的第三个具体实施例的立体结构图之二；
图29是图27的剖面图；
图30是前照灯光学元件的第四个具体实施例的立体结构图；
图31是前照灯光学元件的第五个具体实施例的剖面图；
图32是前照灯光学元件的第六个具体实施例的立体结构图之一；
图33是图32中A的局部放大示意图；
图34是前照灯光学元件的第六个具体实施例的立体结构图之二；
图35是图34的光路示意图；
图36是包括图32的前照灯光学元件的车灯模组的第一个具体实施例的立体结构图；
图37是图36的剖面图；
图38是包括图32的前照灯光学元件的车灯模组的第二个具体实施例的立体结构图之一；
图39是包括图32的前照灯光学元件的车灯模组的第二个具体实施例的立体结构图之二；
图40是包括图32的前照灯光学元件的车灯模组的第三个具体实施例的立体结构图；
图41是前照灯光学元件的车灯模组形成的远光光形的模拟示意图；
图42是前照灯光学元件的车灯模组形成的近光光形的模拟示意图。
附图标记说明
1前照灯光学元件    11集光部       12第一出光部        121阶梯面
13反射部           14第二出光部   15近光截止线结构    16第一空腔
17远光截止线结构   18侧壁   19a 50L暗区形成结构   19b Ⅲ区光形形成结构
2透镜              21光轴   3连接板   5光源
61近光明暗截止线   62远光明暗截止线   63 III区   64 50L区域
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明，并不用于限制本发明。
首先需要说明的是，如图1所示，基于本发明的前照灯光学元件，正常安装于车灯中时，沿光线出射方向，“前”是指第二出光部14所在的一端，“后”是指集光部11所在的一端，“左右”则是沿光线出射方向，前照灯光学元件的左侧和右侧；“上下”则是沿光线出射方向，前照灯光学元件的上方和下方。
同时，如图6、图7、图11、图24、图26和图37所示，光轴21是指沿着前照灯光学元件前后方向延伸，且经过透镜2的焦点的虚拟直线。
另外，根据《GB 4599-2007——汽车用灯丝灯泡前照灯》定义：明暗截止线为光束投射到配光屏幕上，目视感觉到的明暗显著变化的分界线。本发明的近光明暗截止线61是指车灯近光光形的上边界，远光明暗截止线62则指车灯远光光形的下边界。在实际安装情况中，应当根据实际安装状态并结合本发明的前照灯光学元件1本身为基准对方位术语进行解释，术语为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或者是一体连接；可以是直接连接，也可以是通过中间媒介间接连接，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
如图27至图32、图34和图35所示，本发明提供一种前照灯光学元件，该前照灯光学元件包括沿光线出射方向依次一体连接的集光部11、第一出光部12和反射部13。
可选地，如图1至图4、如图16至图18所示，所述前照灯光学元件包括沿光线出射方向依次一体连接的集光部11、第一出光部12、反射部13和第二出光部14，所述第一出光部12、反射部13和第二出光部14围合成第一空腔16，所述集光部11能够汇聚射入的光线并使得光线经由所述第一出光部12射出，其中部分光线能够穿过所述第一空腔16直接射向所述第二出光部14，另一部分光线能够经所述反射部13反射后射向所述第二出光部14。
其中，如图16至图18、图27至图30、图32、图34和图35所示，所述反射部13的一端与第一出光部12的下部连接，另一端形成有用于形成近光明暗截止线61的近光截止线结构15。
可选地，图1至图4、图31所示，所述反射部13的一端与第一出光部12的上部连接，另一端形成有用于形成远光明暗截止线62的远光截止线结构17；所述第一出光部12的出光面为具有段差的多个阶梯面121或单个曲率连续且顺滑的曲面。
从上述描述可以看出，反射部13具有反射面，即反射部13上靠近第一空腔16的面，反射部13的反射面可以反射第一出光部12出射的部分光线。反射部13的前端形成有近光截止线结构15或远光截止线结构17，近光截止线结构15或远光截止线结构17的形状则是根据不同的法规或者不同国家、区域和汽车厂商的不同要求制定，不局限于附图中所示的形状。集光部11将射入的光线汇聚后，经由第一出光部12射出，其中部分光线穿过第一空腔16直接射向第二出光部14或设于本发明的前照灯光学元件1前端的光学元件，另一部分光线经反射部13反射后射向第二出光部14或设于本发明的前照灯光学元件1前端的光学元件。其中，发散光经集光部11折射或反射后，能够形成角度较小的光束，使得该光源5发出的光线能够完全或绝大部分的入射到反射部13和第二出光部14或设于本发明的前照灯光学元件1前端的光学元件，实现较高的光效的同时还能够减小该前照灯光学元件1的尺寸，使得该前照灯光学元件1进一步趋于小型化，更加轻量化，其空间占用体积较小，空间利用效率大幅提高；能够满足一体成型的工艺要求，从而提高了光路传播路径上的光学面之间的位置精度，结构得到了相对简化。
在上述结构中，本发明的前照灯光学元件1的空间占用体积较小，空间利用效率大幅提高，且能够满足一体成型的工艺要求。在这里，集光部11、第一出光部12、反射部13和第二出光部14一体注塑成型，提高了各光学面之间位置精度，前照灯光学元件1的结构得到了相对简化；第一空腔16的设置一方面可以节省材料、降低成本，使得前照灯光学元件1更加轻量化；另一方面相比现有技术具有较长实心导光体的聚光元件，该前照灯光学元件1增加了第一出光部12的出光面和第二出光部14的入光面两个配光光学面，增加了配光参数，使得配光更加灵活。
作为一个优选实施方式，所述集光部11为聚光杯结构，且与所述阶梯面121一一对应设置。其中，聚光杯结构是车灯领域的常见聚光结构，具体地，作为聚光杯的一种结构形式，所述集光部远离所述反射部的一端开设有内凹腔体，所述内凹腔体包括前入光面和侧入光面，所述前入光面为向远离所述反射部的一侧凸出的曲面，所述侧入光面为由远离所述反射部的一端向靠近所述反射部的一端周长逐渐减小的曲面，所述集光部的外部轮廓面为由远离所述反射部的一端向靠近所述反射部的一端周长逐渐增大的曲面。
优选地，所述阶梯面121为平面或曲率连续且顺滑的曲面。
更优选地，中部区域的所述阶梯面121的面积大于两侧的阶梯面的面积。
从图2和图17中可以看出，本发明的前照灯光学元件1的后端设有多个集光部11，每个集光部11都对应设置有第一出光部12，各第一出光部12形成为阶梯面121。各阶梯面121可以有多种结构形式，首先，单个阶梯面121可以是平面或曲率连续且顺滑的曲面；其次，各阶梯面121 的面积与对应的集光部11的大小成正比，即集光部11与第一出光部12的连接面越大，阶梯面121的面积越大，反之则越小；最后，为了光线出射的需求，中间区域的阶梯面121的面积会大于两侧区域的阶梯面121。不仅如此，还可以将两侧的阶梯面121设置为相对于中间区域的阶梯面121两侧对称的形式。这些阶梯面121单独设置的主要目的是为了能够通过调整各阶梯面12来调节光形，且操作比较方便，调光效果较好。
从图30和图32中可以看出，根据出光需求，第一出光部12还可以是连续顺滑的曲面或平面，此时，第一出光部12是一个单独的面。
作为另一个优选实施方式，所述第二出光部14的出光面为曲率连续的顺滑的内凹曲面。该连续顺滑的内凹曲面能够使得出射光形更加清晰，当然，第二出光部14并不局限于内凹曲面的结构，也可以是平面，或其他自由曲面结构。
作为又一个优选实施方式，所述反射部13远离所述集光部11的一端端面为曲率连续且顺滑的内凹弧状曲面，由于近光明暗截止线结构15或远光明暗截止线结构17设于该内凹弧状曲面的下边沿或上边沿，因此，该内凹弧状曲面可使得车灯光形的近光明暗截止线61或远光明暗截止线62更加清晰锐利，当然，也可以如图27和图28所示，反射部13远离所述集光部11的一端端面为平面。反射部13远离所述集光部11的一端的结构形式还可以是自由曲面结构或其他形式，均由光线出光效果要求来定。
可选择地，本发明的前照灯光学元件1还包括侧壁18，所述侧壁18设于所述反射部13的左右两侧，其中一端与所述第一出光部12连接，另一端与所述第二出光部14连接。
如图1至图3、图16和图17所示，本发明的前照灯光学元件1的两侧设置侧壁18，侧壁18的一端与第一出光部12连接，另一端与第二出光部14连接，侧壁18可以使得前照灯光学元件1的强度更高、寿命更长。或者，为满足车灯外形的需要或进一步简化该前照灯光学元件1的结构以节约材料、降低成本，该前照灯光学元件1也可以不设置侧壁18。
如图32和图33所示，作为本发明的一个具体实施方式，具有所述近光截止线结构15的所述反射部13的反射面上形成50L暗区形成结构19a，光线经所述50L暗区形成结构19a的反射和折射后能够降低近光50L区域的亮度。
近光光形中对50L区域64的亮度有具体限制，即50L≤15lx，通过在反射面上设置50L暗区形成结构19a，由第一出光部12射向所述50L暗区形成结构19a的光线经所述50L暗区形成结构19a反射和折射后，改变这部分光线的传播方向，使其射至50L区域64以外的区域，以降低近光的50L区域64的亮度，以符合法规要求。
如图34和图35所示，作为本发明的另一个具体实施方式，所述近光截止线结构15设于所述反射部13的反射面的前边沿，所述集光部11的下部设有Ⅲ区光形形成结构19b，所述Ⅲ区光形形成结构19b能够形成近光的Ⅲ区光形。
在图34和图35中可以看出，集光部11的下部设有Ⅲ区光形形成结构19b，使得集光部11汇聚的部分光线能够由该III区光形形成结构19b射出并经反射部13下方射出以形成图43所示的近光的Ⅲ区63光形。现有技术的III区形成结构可设置在透镜、透镜支架或聚光器的下表面等位置，有的会影响透镜外观，有的会影响光效。本发明的前照灯光学元件1通过在集光部11的下部设置Ⅲ区光形形成结构19b，使得光线由该III区光形形成结构19b射出并经过反射部13下方射至透镜2，由透镜2投射至近光III区63，这样，既不影响透镜外观，也不会影响光效。
由此可以看出，当该前照灯光学元件1采用近光结构时，光源5设置于集光部11的内凹腔体的开口处，经集光部11汇聚后，一部分光线直接射入透镜2；一部分光线由反射部13的反射面反射后再射入透镜2；一部分光线经反射部13下方射出至透镜2，以上三部分光线经透镜2投射后，能够形成如图42所示的近光光形，并且能够将射至50L暗区形成结构19a的光线改变传播方向，使得近光的50L区域64的亮度符合法规要求。当该前照灯光学元件1采用远光结构时，光源5发出的光线经集光部11汇聚后，一部分直接射入透镜2，另一部分由反射部13反射后射入透镜2，以上两部分光线经透镜2投射后，形成如图41所示的具有远光明暗截止线62的远光光形。
具体地，所述集光部11的数量为两个以上。本发明的前照灯光学元件1包括两个以上的集光部11，每个集光部11均对应设置一个光源5，多个光源5分散设置后有利于光源5的散热，同时采用多个集光部11还可以提高该前照灯光学元件1的光学效率。一般情况下，根据出光需要，中间区域的集光部11会大于两侧区域的集光部11，由此可以得到中间区域照度要求高的光形，以能够汇聚更多的光线，从而提高光效。
更具体地，所述反射部13的反射面上设有增反层。反射部13的反射面为用于接收第一出光部12出射的部分光线的光学面，反射部13的反射面可以增设增反层以提高光线的反射率，其中，增反层可以是设置于反射面上的增反膜或增反涂层，常见地，如在反射部13的反射面镀铝处理。
如图13至图15、图25和图26中所示，本发明第二方面提供一种车灯模组，包括根据上述技术方案中任一项所述的前照灯光学元件1和透镜2，所述透镜2设于所述前照灯光学元件1的光线出射方向上，其中，所述前照灯光学元件1和所述透镜2直接连接。在这里，前照灯光学元件1与透镜2采用一体式结构，此种一体式结构下，该车灯模组可以采用玻璃、PC、PMMA或硅胶等材质实现一体注塑成型。
可选地，如图8至图12、图21至图24、图38至图40所示，还包括连接板3，所述前照灯光学元件1和所述透镜2之间通过所述连接板3连接，所述前照灯光学元件1、所述透镜2和所述连接板3可一体注塑成型。
上述两种结构形式的车灯模组，均一体注塑成型，能够减少零件数量，使得装配后的车灯结构更加紧凑，同时，还能够避免在装配过程中各光学元件之间的装配误差，提高装配精度，从而能够提高光学精度、缩小该车灯模组的尺寸，从而提高生产效率、降低生产成本。
需要说明的是，该车灯模组采用一体式结构时，仅需要一个前照灯光学元件1与透镜2一体注塑成型的光学元件就可以实现照明光形，不需要设置其他光学元件，结构简单。当然，为了车灯造型等需求，可以在该一体注塑成型的光学元件和外配光镜之间设置至少一个内配光镜，该内配光镜可以是普通等壁厚塑料件，只为呈现所需造型，还可以是背面具有配光功能的配光塑料件。
当然，如图5至图7、图19、图20、图36和图37所示，也可以将透镜2直接设于前照灯光学元件1的前端，不采用连接板3连接，而是采用其他安装支架分别安装在灯体内的散热器上。此时，前照灯光学元件1与透镜2采用分体式结构，透镜2设置于前照灯光学元件1的光线出射方向上，两者分开设置，配光参数多，有利于配光，还可以根据车灯造型需要灵活布置该前照灯光学元件1和透镜2，使得车灯造型更加新颖、多变，满足用户对于个性化、科技感的车灯造型的需要。
具体地，所述近光截止线结构15或所述远光截止线结构17位于所述透镜2的光轴21的上侧10mm至下侧10mm的区域内。
为了形成清晰的光形，需要调节反射部13与透镜2的相对位置，使得近光明暗截止线结构15或远光明暗截止线结构17位于透镜2的光轴21的上侧10mm至下侧10mm的区域内，优选地，近光明暗截止线结构15或远光明暗截止线结构17位于透镜2的光轴21的上侧2mm至下侧2mm的区域内，进一步优选地，近光明暗截止线结构15或远光明暗截止线结构17位于透镜2的光轴21处，即透镜2的焦点位于近光明暗截止线结构15或远光明暗截止线结构17上，使得形成的光形更加清晰。
更具体地，所述透镜2为凸透镜或菲涅尔透镜结构，不同的结构形式的透镜2能够实现车灯模组的多样化，同时，透镜2采用菲涅尔透镜结构时，车灯模组的体积会更小更轻。
本发明第三方面提供一种车灯，包括根据上述技术方案中任一项所述的车灯模组。
本发明第四方面还提供一种车辆，包括根据上述技术方案中所述的车灯。
本发明的有益效果是：首先，车辆前照灯光学元件1的第二出光部14与透镜2一体成型，反射部13设于第一出光部12的上部，光源5设置于集光部11的内凹腔体的开口处，经集光部11汇聚后，一部分光线直接穿过第一空腔16射入透镜2，另一部分光线于反射部13的反射面形成反射后直接射入透镜2，以上两部分光线叠加后，形成具有远光明暗截止线62的远光光形，具体光形图如图16所示。该车灯模组采用一体式结构，能够减少零件数量，使得装配后的车灯结构更加紧凑，同时，还能够避免在装配过程中各光学元件之间的装配误差，提高装配精度，从而能够提高光学精度、缩小该远光灯模组的尺寸，从而提高生产效率、降低生产成本。需要说明的是，该车灯模组为远光灯模组，采用一体式结构，仅需要一个前照灯光学元件1与透镜2一体成型的光学元件就可以实现远光光形，不需要设置其他光学元件，结构简单。
其次，前照灯光学元件1的第二出光部14与透镜2一体成型，反射部13设于第一出光部12的下部，光源5设置于集光部11的内凹腔体的开口处，经集光部11汇聚后，一部分光线直接穿过 第一空腔16射入透镜2，另一部分光线于反射部13的反射面反射后直接射入透镜2，以上两部分光线叠加后，该近光灯模组能够形成图42所示的位于近光明暗截止线61下方的近光光形。该车灯模组为近光灯模组，采用一体式结构，能够减少零件数量，使得装配后的车灯结构更加紧凑，同时，还能够避免在装配过程中各光学元件之间的装配误差，提高装配精度，从而能够提高光学精度、缩小该近光灯模组的尺寸，从而提高生产效率、降低生产成本。需要说明的是，该近光灯模组采用一体式结构时，仅需要一个前照灯光学元件1与透镜2一体成型的光学元件就可以实现近光光形，不需要设置其他光学元件，结构简单。
当然，无论是近光灯模组，还是远光灯模组，为了车灯造型等需求，均可以在该一体成型的光学元件和外配光镜之间设置至少一个内配光镜，该内配光镜可以是普通等壁厚塑料件，只为呈现所需造型，还可以是背面具有配光功能的配光塑料件。
由以上描述可以看出，本发明的前照灯光学元件1包括沿光线出射方向依次一体连接的集光部11、第一出光部12和反射部13；或者所述前照灯光学元件1包括沿光线出射方向依次一体连接的集光部11、第一出光部12、反射部13和出光部12，所述第一出光部12、反射部13和第二出光部14围合成第一空腔16，所述集光部11能够汇聚射入的光线并使得光线经由所述第一出光部12射出，其中部分光线能够穿过所述第一空腔16直接射向所述第二出光部14，另一部分光线能够经所述反射部13反射后射向所述第二出光部14；其中所述反射部13的一端与第一出光部12的下部连接，另一端形成有用于形成近光明暗截止线61的近光截止线结构15；或者，所述反射部13的一端与第一出光部12的上部连接，另一端形成有用于形成远光明暗截止线62的远光截止线结构17；所述第一出光部12的出光面为具有段差的多个阶梯面121或单个曲率连续且顺滑的曲面。本发明的前照灯光学元件1的空间占用体积较小，空间利用率大幅度提高，能够适应市场对车灯的多样化及小型化的要求，在提高光线传播路径上的光学面之间的位置精度的基础上，对其结构进行简化，使得其更加轻量化。
以上结合附图详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式，但是，本发明并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节，在本发明的技术构思范围内，可以对本发明的技术方案进行多种简单变型，这些简单变型均属于本发明的保护范围。
另外需要说明的是，在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征，在不矛盾的情况下，可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合，为了避免不必要的重复，本发明对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
此外，本发明的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合，只要其不违背本发明的思想，其同样应当视为本发明所公开的内容。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种前照灯光学元件，其特征在于，所述前照灯光学元件包括沿光线出射方向依次一体连接的集光部(11)、第一出光部(12)和反射部(13)；或者所述前照灯光学元件包括沿光线出射方向依次一体连接的集光部(11)、第一出光部(12)、反射部(13)和第二出光部(14)，所述第一出光部(12)、反射部(13)和第二出光部(14)围合成第一空腔(16)，所述集光部(11)能够汇聚射入的光线并使得光线经由所述第一出光部(12)射出，其中部分光线能够穿过所述第一空腔(16)直接射向所述第二出光部(14)，另一部分光线能够经所述反射部(13)反射后射向所述第二出光部(14)；其中
    所述反射部(13)的一端与第一出光部(12)的下部连接，另一端形成有用于形成近光明暗截止线(61)的近光截止线结构(15)；或者，所述反射部(13)的一端与第一出光部(12)的上部连接，另一端形成有用于形成远光明暗截止线(62)的远光截止线结构(17)；
    所述第一出光部(12)的出光面为具有段差的多个阶梯面(121)或单个曲率连续且顺滑的曲面。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的前照灯光学元件，其特征在于，所述集光部(11)为聚光杯结构，且与所述阶梯面(121)一一对应设置。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的前照灯光学元件，其特征在于，所述阶梯面(121)为平面或曲率连续且顺滑的曲面。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的前照灯光学元件，其特征在于，中部区域的所述阶梯面(121)的面积大于两侧的所述阶梯面(121)的面积。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的前照灯光学元件，其特征在于，所述第二出光部(14)的出光面为曲率连续的顺滑的内凹曲面。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的前照灯光学元件，其特征在于，所述反射部(13)远离所述集光部(11)的一端端面为曲率连续且顺滑的内凹弧状曲面。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的前照灯光学元件，其特征在于，还包括侧壁(18)，所述侧壁(18)设于所述反射部(13)的左右两侧，其中一端与所述第一出光部(12)连接，另一端与所述第二出 光部(14)连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的前照灯光学元件，其特征在于，具有所述近光截止线结构(15)的所述反射部(13)的反射面上形成50L暗区形成结构(19a)，光线经所述50L暗区形成结构(19a)的反射和折射后能够降低近光50L区域的亮度。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的前照灯光学元件，其特征在于，所述近光截止线结构(15)设于所述反射部(13)的反射面的前边沿，所述集光部(11)的下部设有Ⅲ区光形形成结构(19b)，所述Ⅲ区光形形成结构(19b)能够形成近光的Ⅲ区光形。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的前照灯光学元件，其特征在于，所述集光部(11)的数量为两个以上。
  11. 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的前照灯光学元件，其特征在于，所述反射部(13)的反射面上设有增反层。
  12. 一种车灯模组，其特征在于，包括根据权利要求1至11中任一项所述的前照灯光学元件(1)和透镜(2)，所述透镜(2)设于所述前照灯光学元件(1)的光线出射方向上，其中
    所述前照灯光学元件(1)和所述透镜(2)直接连接；或者
    还包括连接板(3)，所述前照灯光学元件(1)和所述透镜(2)之间通过所述连接板(3)连接，所述前照灯光学元件(1)、所述透镜(2)和所述连接板(3)一体注塑成型。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的车灯模组，其特征在于，所述近光截止线结构(15)或所述远光截止线结构(17)位于所述透镜(2)的光轴(21)的上侧10mm至下侧10mm的区域内。
  14. 根据权利要12或13中所述的车灯模组，其特征在于，所述透镜(2)为凸透镜或菲涅尔透镜结构。
  15. 一种车灯，其特征在于，包括根据权利要求12至14中任一项所述的车灯模组。
  16. 一种车辆，其特征在于，包括根据权利要求15中所述的车灯。
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