WO2021139292A1 - 磁悬浮轴承轴向保护***和转轴组件 - Google Patents

磁悬浮轴承轴向保护***和转轴组件 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021139292A1
WO2021139292A1 PCT/CN2020/120706 CN2020120706W WO2021139292A1 WO 2021139292 A1 WO2021139292 A1 WO 2021139292A1 CN 2020120706 W CN2020120706 W CN 2020120706W WO 2021139292 A1 WO2021139292 A1 WO 2021139292A1
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Prior art keywords
ring
ring plate
component
plate
protection system
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PCT/CN2020/120706
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王建辉
张小波
张芳
龚高
张超
李欣
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珠海格力电器股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2021139292A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021139292A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
    • F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
    • F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings

Definitions

  • the present disclosure is based on the application with the CN application number 202010014551.9 and the filing date of January 7, 2020, and claims its priority.
  • the disclosure of the CN application is hereby incorporated into the present disclosure as a whole.
  • the present disclosure belongs to the technical field of magnetic suspension bearing protection, and particularly relates to a magnetic suspension bearing axial protection system and a rotating shaft assembly.
  • Magnetic suspension bearing is a new type of bearing that uses electromagnetic force to suspend the shaft.
  • a set of magnetic bearing protection system is also needed, which serves as a temporary support for the rotor after the magnetic bearing fails to protect the magnetic bearing and the rotating shaft from damage.
  • Traditional magnetic bearing protection systems are often unable to support ultra-high-speed rotor rotation due to the low limit speed of the ball, and it is difficult to withstand the huge vibration and impact caused by the rotor falling, which causes the protection of the bearing to fail.
  • serious accidents of equipment damage due to the failure of the magnetic bearing protection system have occurred many times. Therefore, improving the reliability of the magnetic bearing protection system has become a hot research topic at home and abroad.
  • the ability of the magnetic bearing protection system to resist impact has an important influence on the application of the magnetic bearing system, and the reliability of the existing magnetic bearing protection system is not high.
  • the present disclosure provides an axial protection system of a magnetic suspension bearing, which is used to improve the technical problem of low reliability of the existing magnetic suspension bearing protection system.
  • the present disclosure provides an axial protection system for a magnetic suspension bearing, which includes a first component and a second component.
  • the first component is a structural component made of soft material
  • the second component is a structural component made of hard material
  • the first component and the second component are Both parts are used to withstand axial impact and deformation.
  • it further includes a first ring plate, a second ring plate, and a third ring plate that are coaxially arranged with the inner ring hole.
  • the second ring plate is located between the first ring plate and the third ring plate and the second ring plate is located between the first ring plate and the third ring plate.
  • a gap is left between the plate and the first ring plate and the third ring plate, and the inner ring hole diameter of the second ring plate is smaller than the inner ring hole diameter of the first ring plate and the third ring plate;
  • the first part and the second part are installed on the opposite side walls of the first ring plate and the third ring plate.
  • the first part squeezes the second part and drives the second part to deform .
  • the first ring plate and the third ring plate are provided with a groove on the opposite side walls;
  • the first component is a ring structure, and each groove is respectively installed with a first component and the outer ring wall of the first component is in close contact with the side wall of the groove, and one end of the first component abuts against the bottom of the groove.
  • the other end of the first part extends out of the groove, the inner ring hole of the first part is coaxial with the inner ring hole of the second ring plate, and the inner ring hole diameter of the first part is larger than the inner ring hole diameter of the second ring plate.
  • the second part is a tolerance ring
  • the tolerance ring is sleeved in the first part and the outer ring wall of the tolerance ring is in close contact with the inner ring wall of the first part, and the inner ring hole diameter of the tolerance ring is larger than that of the second part.
  • it further includes a ring, the ring is sleeved in the second component and the inner ring hole diameter of the ring is larger than the inner ring hole diameter of the second ring plate, one end of the ring abuts against the bottom of the groove and the ring The other end of the ring protrudes from the groove;
  • the distance between the first ring plate and the distance between the third ring plate and the second ring plate is e
  • the distance between the end of the first part protruding from the groove and the second ring plate is f
  • the distance between one end and the second ring plate is g, f ⁇ g ⁇ e.
  • the ring is a structural member made of a hard material.
  • the hard material is graphite or ceramic or metal.
  • both the first ring plate and the third ring plate are structural members made of ferromagnetic materials, and the second ring plate is a structural member made of ferrous materials;
  • Coils are installed on the first ring plate and the third ring plate.
  • the opposite side walls of the first ring plate and the third ring plate are respectively provided with an annular groove, and each annular groove is embedded with a coil.
  • the first component is a structure made of rubber.
  • the magnetic suspension bearing and the axial protection system of the magnetic suspension bearing are coaxially installed on the rotating shaft.
  • the present disclosure provides an axial protection system for a magnetic suspension bearing, which includes a first part made of soft material and a second part made of hard material. Both the first part and the second part are used to withstand the axial impact and to buffer the deformation.
  • the magnetic bearing axial protection system with this structure is in use, if the magnetic bearing fails and causes the shaft to produce axial deviation and axial impact, the first part and the second part can act at the same time to absorb the axial impact.
  • the first part is made of soft material, and the second part is made of hard material. In this way, through the combination of soft and hard materials, the magnetic bearing protection system provided by the present disclosure has the characteristics of high rigidity and high damping, which can be better Ground absorption and buffering of axial impact, higher reliability.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an axial protection system of a magnetic suspension bearing in an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a reference diagram of the structure shown in FIG. 1;
  • Figure 3 is a partial enlarged view of area A in Figure 2;
  • Fig. 4 is a partial enlarged view of area B in Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 5 is a partial enlarged view of area C in Fig. 4;
  • Figure 6 is an exploded view of the first component in an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 7 is an exploded view of a second component in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the present disclosure provides an axial protection system for a magnetic suspension bearing, as shown in Figures 1 to 7, which is used to connect to the rotating shaft 11.
  • a magnetic suspension bearing as shown in Figures 1 to 7, which is used to connect to the rotating shaft 11.
  • the magnetic bearing axial protection system includes a first part 1 and a second part 2.
  • the first part 1 is a structural part made of soft material
  • the second part 2 is a structural part made of hard material
  • the first part 1 and The second component 2 is used to withstand the axial impact and deform, so as to buffer the impact when the rotating shaft 11 (the rotating shaft 11 of the motor 10) is axially deviated, and limit the axial deflection of the rotating shaft 11.
  • the first component 1 and the second component 2 work together to absorb and buffer the axial impact of the shaft 11, and can limit the axial deviation of the shaft 11.
  • the magnetic bearing axial protection system combines the softness of the first component 1 with the rigidity of the second component 2, and the second component 2 will also deform when absorbing the impact, so that the magnetic bearing axial protection system has sufficient rigidity and Damping, so that the axial impact can be better absorbed, and the reliability is higher.
  • the former device has insufficient capacity to cushion and absorb shocks.
  • the shock and vibration that can be absorbed are very limited, while the latter has insufficient rigidity. Although it can absorb enough shock and vibration, the amount of deformation generated will be very large, which may cause losses due to contact between the rotating shaft and the magnetic bearing.
  • the magnetic bearing axial protection system uses a combination of soft and hard materials to absorb shock and vibration, with stronger shock resistance and shock absorption, and relatively smaller deformation, which is more reliable.
  • the magnetic bearing axial protection system further includes a first ring plate 3, a second ring plate 4, and a third ring plate 5.
  • the first ring plate 3, the second ring plate 4 and the third ring plate 5 are all There are inner ring holes, and the inner ring holes of the first ring plate 3, the second ring plate 4 and the third ring plate 5 are coaxially arranged along the rotating shaft 11.
  • the first ring plate 3, the second ring plate 4 and The third ring plate 5 is overlapped together, and the second ring plate 4 is located between the first ring plate 3 and the third ring plate 5, and the second ring plate 4 is connected to the first ring plate 3 and the third ring plate 5 There is a gap between them, that is, the second ring plate 4 is not attached to the first ring plate 3 and the third ring plate 5.
  • the inner ring hole diameter of the second ring plate 4 is smaller than the inner ring hole diameter of the third ring plate 5 and the inner ring hole diameter of the first ring plate 3.
  • the first ring plate 3 and the third ring plate 5 are installed with the first part 1 and the second part 2 on the opposite side walls, that is, the first ring plate 3 is installed on the side wall on the side close to the second ring plate 5.
  • One part 1 and the second part 2, and the first part 1 and the second part 2 are also installed on the side wall of the third ring plate 5 close to the second ring plate 4.
  • the first part 1 is bonded to the opposite side walls of the first ring plate 3 and the third ring plate 5, the first part 1 may be a number of flexible rubber particles, and the second part 2 may It is a ring structure of hard material.
  • the second part 2 is framed outside of several first parts 1. When the first part 1 is deformed by an axial impact, the second part 2 is squeezed by the first part 1. Produce deformation to absorb axial impact.
  • the first component 1 is a ring structure.
  • the first part 1 is a rubber ring, and the opposite side walls of the first ring plate 3, the third ring plate 5 and the second ring plate 4 are provided with a groove 6, and each groove 6 is equipped with a first part 1 and make the outer ring wall of the first part 1 closely adhere to the side wall of the groove 6, that is, make the first part 1 and the groove 6 interference fit, and one end of the first part 1 and the groove of the groove 6 The bottom is against each other, the other end of the first part 1 extends out of the groove 6, the inner ring hole of the first part 1 is coaxial with the inner ring hole of the second ring plate 4, and the inner ring hole diameter of the first part 1 is larger than that of the second ring The hole diameter of the inner ring of the plate 4.
  • the groove 6 on the first ring plate 3 is recessed in the center position of the first ring plate 3, and the groove 6 on the third ring plate 5 is also recessed in the center position of the third ring plate 5, and the groove 6 is Circular groove, the first part 1 is a circular ring structure, the groove 6 is coaxial with the inner ring hole of the second ring plate 4, the first part 1 is embedded in the groove 6, the structure is more compact, the first part 1 is disassembled and assembled It is more convenient, and the installation of the first component 1 is more stable.
  • the rotating shaft 11 matched with the magnetic suspension bearing 12 is inserted into the inner ring hole of the second ring plate 4, so that the rotating shaft 11 passes through the inner ring holes of the first ring plate 3 and the third ring plate 5.
  • the rotating shaft 11 and the second ring plate 4 have an interference fit, that is, the second ring plate 4 will move synchronously with the rotating shaft 11.
  • the rotating shaft 11 has an axial deviation, it will drive the second ring plate 4 to produce a shaft.
  • the second ring plate 4 is offset toward the first ring plate 3 or offset toward the third ring plate 5.
  • the first component 1 since the first component 1 is installed in the groove 6 and the first component 1 protrudes from the groove 6, the first component 1 will first contact the second ring plate 4.
  • the first component 1 is a rubber ring, It can absorb the axial impact of the second ring plate 4 to produce deformation, and then the first part 1 expands in the radial direction to absorb the impact.
  • the outer ring wall of the first part 1 will be pressed against the side wall of the groove 6.
  • the second part 2 is sleeved in the inner ring of the first part 1. When the inner ring wall of the first part 1 expands in the radial direction, the second part 2 will be squeezed to deform the second part 2 and absorb the impact.
  • the second part 2 is a tolerance ring
  • the tolerance ring is sleeved in the first part 1
  • the outer ring wall of the tolerance ring is in close contact with the inner ring wall of the first part 1
  • the second part 2 The inner ring hole diameter is larger than the inner ring hole diameter of the second ring plate 4.
  • the tolerance ring is a standard part in the technical field. The user can select the specification of the tolerance ring according to the needs, so that the combination of the first part 1 and the second part 2 that absorbs axial shock has different stiffness and Damping.
  • the first component 1 ie, the rubber ring
  • the first component 1 squeezes the tolerance ring to deform the tolerance ring, thereby absorbing the axial impact.
  • the second component 2 is installed inside the first component 1 in a process matching manner, so that the axial protection system of the magnetic bearing provided by this embodiment has a simple structure, low cost, and is easy to popularize and apply. Moreover, it can provide reliable axial protection for the rotating shaft 11 and the magnetic suspension bearing 12.
  • the axial protection system of the magnetic suspension bearing further includes a ring 7.
  • the ring 7 is a structural member made of hard material, which will not deform when subjected to radial compression.
  • the ring 7 is sleeved in the second part 2, that is, the ring 7 is sleeved inside the tolerance ring, and the outer ring wall of the ring 7 is in close contact with the inner ring wall of the tolerance ring.
  • the tolerance ring is subjected to the first part 1 During the extrusion deformation, the ring 7 will provide support for the tolerance ring in the radial direction, so as to avoid the influence of the deformed tolerance ring on the rotating shaft 11.
  • the inner ring hole diameter of the ring 7 is larger than the inner ring hole diameter of the second ring plate 4.
  • the distance between the first ring plate 3, the third ring plate 5 and the second ring plate 4 is e, and the distance between the end of the first member 1 protruding from the groove 6 and the second ring plate 4 Is f, the distance between the end of the ring 7 protruding from the groove 6 and the second ring plate 4 is g, where f ⁇ g ⁇ e, so that when the shaft 11 is axially offset, the first component 1 will It will first contact the second ring plate 4, and then the end surface of the ring 7 will contact the second ring plate 4 to prevent the first ring plate 3 or the third ring plate 5 from directly contacting the second ring plate 4.
  • the distance between the central hole of the magnetic bearing 12 and the rotating shaft 11 is defined as L, and the distance between the inner ring hole wall of the ring 7 and the rotating shaft 11 is h, where
  • first assembly the first assembly
  • second ring plate 4 and the first part 1 mounted on it are named the first assembly
  • first assembly the second assembly
  • the second component 2 and the ring 7 are named as the second component.
  • the first component and the second component are actually arranged symmetrically with respect to the second ring plate 4.
  • the ring 7 is a structural member made of a hard material, specifically, the hard material is graphite, ceramic or metal, which has sufficient rigidity to withstand the axial impact of the second ring plate 4.
  • the first ring plate 3 and the third ring plate 5 are both structural members made of ferromagnetic materials, that is, the first ring plate 3 and the third ring plate 5 only need to be under the action of a small magnetic field. Can be magnetized to saturation.
  • the second ring plate 4 is a structural member made of ferrous material or multiferroic material, that is, the second ring plate 4 can be attracted by a magnet.
  • Coils 8 are installed on both the first ring plate 3 and the third ring plate 5, and the two coils 8 are respectively electrically connected to an external power source through a power supply circuit.
  • the first ring plate 3 and the coil 8 on it form a structure similar to an electromagnet
  • the third ring plate 5 and the coil 8 on it form another structure similar to an electromagnet.
  • the coil 8 on the third ring plate 5 is energized, so that the third ring plate 5 has magnetism. Thereby attracting the second ring plate 4 to move toward the third ring plate 5.
  • the coil 8 When the second ring plate 4 moves to the middle position of the first ring plate 3 and the third ring plate 5, the coil 8 is powered off; when the second ring plate 4 As the rotating shaft moves to a position close to the third ring plate 5, at this time, the coil 8 on the first ring plate 3 is energized, so that the first ring plate 3 has magnetism, thereby attracting the second ring plate 4 toward the first ring The plate 3 moves, and when the second ring plate 4 moves to the middle position of the first ring plate 3 and the third ring plate 5, the coil 8 is powered off. In this way, the effect of resetting the offset second ring plate 4 and the rotating shaft 11 can be achieved.
  • the first ring plate 3 and the third ring plate 5 are respectively provided with an annular groove 9 on the opposite side walls, and each annular groove 9 is embedded with a coil 8.
  • the present disclosure provides a rotating shaft assembly, which includes a rotating shaft 11, a magnetic suspension bearing 12 and the above-mentioned magnetic suspension bearing axial protection system.
  • the magnetic suspension bearing 12 and the magnetic suspension bearing axial protection system are coaxially installed on the rotation shaft 11.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

一种磁悬浮轴承轴向保护***，属于磁悬浮轴承保护技术领域，该保护***包括第一部件（1）和第二部件（2），第一部件（1）为软材料制成的结构件，第二部件（2）为硬材料制成的结构件，第一部件（1）和第二部件（2）均用于承受轴向冲击并变形，还包括同轴设置的第一环板（3）、第二环板（4）和第三环板（5），第二环板（4）位于第一环板（3）和第三环板（5）之间且第二环板（4）与第一环板（3）以及第三环板（5）之间均留有间隙，第二环板（4）的内环孔孔径小于第一环板（3）以及第三环板（5）的内环孔孔径；第一环板（3）和第三环板（5）相对侧壁上均安装有第一部件（1）和第二部件（2），当第一部件（1）受轴向冲击而变形时，第一部件（1）挤压第二部件（2）并驱动第二部件（2）变形，该磁悬浮轴承轴向保护***在保护磁悬浮轴承（12）时的可靠性更高。

Description

磁悬浮轴承轴向保护***和转轴组件
相关申请的交叉引用
本公开是以CN申请号为202010014551.9，申请日为2020年1月7日的申请为基础，并主张其优先权，该CN申请的公开内容在此作为整体引入本公开中。
技术领域
本公开属于磁悬浮轴承保护技术领域，特别涉及磁悬浮轴承轴向保护***和转轴组件。
背景技术
磁悬浮轴承是一种利用电磁力将轴悬浮的新型轴承。在磁悬浮轴承***中，为了提高整个***的可靠性，还需要一套磁悬浮轴承保护***，作为磁悬浮轴承失效后转子的临时支撑，保护磁悬浮轴承和转轴不受损坏。传统磁悬浮轴承保护***往往由于球较低的极限转速，无法支撑超高速转子旋转，且难以承受转子跌落后所带来的巨大振动和冲击，而造成保护轴承的失效。在国内外针对磁悬浮轴承***的研究和应用过程中，已多次发生由于磁悬浮轴承保护***失效而导致设备损坏的严重事故，因此提高磁悬浮轴承保护***的可靠性已成为国内外研究的热点，其中磁悬浮轴承保护***抵抗冲击的能力对磁悬浮轴承***的应用有重要的影响，然后现有的磁悬浮轴承保护***的可靠性均不高。
发明内容
本公开提供一种磁悬浮轴承轴向保护***，用于改善现有的磁悬浮轴承保护***可靠性低的技术问题。
本公开提供一种磁悬浮轴承轴向保护***，包括第一部件和第二部件，第一部件为软材料制成的结构件，第二部件为硬材料制成的结构件，第一部件和第二部件均用于承受轴向冲击并变形。
在一些实施例中，还包括内环孔同轴设置的第一环板、第二环板和第三环板，第二环板位于第一环板和第三环板之间且第二环板与第一环板以及第三环板之间均留有间隙，第二环板的内环孔孔径小于第一环板以及第三环板的内环孔孔径；
第一环板和第三环板相对侧壁上均安装有第一部件和第二部件，当第一部件受轴向冲击而变形时，第一部件挤压第二部件并驱动第二部件变形。
在一些实施例中，第一环板和第三环板相对侧壁上均设有一凹槽；
第一部件为环状结构，每个凹槽内分别安装一个第一部件且第一部件的外环壁与凹槽的侧壁紧密相贴，第一部件的一端与凹槽的槽底相抵且第一部件的另一端伸出凹槽，第一部件的内环孔与第二环板的内环孔同轴且第一部件的内环孔孔径大于第二环板的内环孔孔径。
在一些实施例中，第二部件为公差环，公差环套在第一部件内且公差环的外环壁与第一部件的内环壁紧密相贴，公差环的内环孔孔径大于第二环板的内环孔孔径。
在一些实施例中，还包括环圈，环圈套在第二部件内且环圈的内环孔孔径大于第二环板的内环孔孔径，环圈的一端与凹槽的槽底相抵且环圈的另一端伸出凹槽；
第一环板以及第三环板与第二环板之间的距离均为e，第一部件伸出凹槽的一端与第二环板之间的距离为f，环圈伸出凹槽的一端与第二环板之间的距离为g，f＜g＜e。
在一些实施例中，环圈为硬质材料制成的结构件。
在一些实施例中，硬质材料为石墨或者陶瓷或者金属。
在一些实施例中，第一环板和第三环板均是铁磁材料制成的结构件，第二环板为铁性材料制成的结构件；
第一环板和第三环板上均安装有线圈。
在一些实施例中，第一环板和第三环板相对侧壁上分别设有一个环形槽，每个环形槽内均嵌装有线圈。
在一些实施例中，第一部件为橡胶制成的结构件。
本公开另一方面提供一种转轴组件，包括转轴、磁悬浮轴承和磁悬浮轴承轴向保护***，磁悬浮轴承和磁悬浮轴承轴向保护***同轴地安装在转轴上。
本公开提供一种磁悬浮轴承轴向保护***，包括软材料制成的第一部件和硬材料制成的第二部件，第一部件和第二部件均用于承受轴向冲击并且变形进行缓冲，这种结构的磁悬浮轴承轴向保护***在使用时，如若出现磁悬浮轴承失效而使得轴产生轴向偏移和轴向冲击时，第一部件和第二部件可以同时作用而吸收轴向冲击，由于第一部件由软材料制成，第二部件由硬材料制成，这样，通过软、硬材料的组合，使得本公开提供的磁悬浮轴承保护***具有高刚度以及高阻尼的特性，其能够更好地吸收和缓冲轴向冲击，可靠性更高。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本公开实施例中的磁悬浮轴承轴向保护***的结构示意图；
图2是图1所示结构的使用参考图；
图3是图2中的A区域局部放大图；
图4是图2中的B区域局部放大图；
图5是图4中的C区域局部放大图；
图6是本公开实施例中的第一组件的***图；
图7是本公开实施例中的第二组件的***图。
具体实施方式
为使本公开的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将对本公开的技术方案进行详细的描述。显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本公开一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所得到的所有其它实施方式，都属于本公开所保护的范围。
本公开提供一种磁悬浮轴承轴向保护***，如图1至图7所示，用于与转轴11连接，当线圈8突然断电，转轴11产生轴向偏移时，对转轴11进行轴向限位并缓冲轴向冲击， 避免对与转轴11接触的外部器件造成伤害，特别适用于对磁悬浮轴承12、第一环板3以及第三环板5进行轴向保护。
磁悬浮轴承轴向保护***包括第一部件1和第二部件2，第一部件1为软材料制成的结构件，而第二部件2为硬材料制成的结构件，并且第一部件1和第二部件2均用于承受轴向冲击并变形，从而缓冲转轴11(电机10的转轴11)的轴向偏移时的冲击，并对转轴11的轴向偏移进行限位。当线圈8失效而导致转轴11产生轴向偏移时，第一部件1和第二部件2共同作用而对转轴11的轴向冲击进行吸收缓冲，而且可以对转轴11的轴向偏移产生限位，以避免转轴11产生的轴向偏移过大而出现损伤外物、磁悬浮轴承12、第一环板3和第三环板5的情况。磁悬浮轴承轴向保护***，结合第一部件1的软度和第二部件2的刚度，并且第二部件2在吸收冲击时也将产生变形，以使得磁悬浮轴承轴向保护***具有足够的刚度和阻尼，这样便可以更好地吸收轴向冲击，可靠性更高。
发明人发现，一些用于保护磁悬浮轴承的装置是使用硬材料来缓冲轴向冲击，另外一些保护磁悬浮轴承的装置是使用软材料来缓冲轴向冲击，前一种装置缓冲和吸收冲击的能力不足，能够吸收的冲击和振动十分有限，而后一种则刚性不足，虽然能够吸收足够的冲击和振动，但是产生的变形量会非常大，很可能使得转轴与磁悬浮轴承接触而造成损失。
磁悬浮轴承轴向保护***则是采用软材料和硬材料的结合来吸收冲击和振动，抗冲击和减震能力更强，而且产生的变形相对更小，从而更加可靠。
在一些实施例中，磁悬浮轴承轴向保护***还包括第一环板3、第二环板4和第三环板5，第一环板3、第二环板4和第三环板5均具有内环孔，第一环板3、第二环板4和第三环板5三者的内环孔沿着转轴11同轴设置，这样，第一环板3、第二环板4和第三环板5则重叠在一起，并且使得第二环板4位于第一环板3和第三环板5之间，而且第二环板4与第一环板3以及第三环板5之间均留有间隙，也即第二环板4与第一环板3以及第三环板5均不相贴。另外，第二环板4的内环孔孔径小于第三环板5的内环孔孔径以及第一环板3的内环孔孔径。
第一环板3和第三环板5相对侧壁上均安装有第一部件1和第二部件2，也即第一环板3靠近第二环板5的一侧侧壁上安装有第一部件1和第二部件2，而第三环板5靠近第二环板4的一侧侧壁上也安装有第一部件1和第二部件2。当第一部件1受到轴向冲击而变形时，第一部件1挤压第二部件2并驱动第二部件2变形。
在一些实施例中，第一环板3和第三环板5相对的侧壁上均粘接有第一部件1，第一部件1可以是若干个柔性的橡胶颗粒，而第二部件2可以是硬质材料的环体结构，第二部 件2框在若干个第一部件1外，当第一部件1受到轴向冲击而变形时，第二部件2则受到第一部件1的挤压而产生变形，以此来吸收轴向冲击。
在一些实施例中，第一部件1为环状结构。第一部件1为橡胶圈，而第一环板3以及第三环板5和第二环板4的相对侧壁上均设有一凹槽6，每个凹槽6里面均安装一个第一部件1且使得第一部件1的外环壁与凹槽6的侧壁紧密相贴，也即使得第一部件1与凹槽6过盈配合，而且第一部件1的一端与凹槽6的槽底相抵，第一部件1的另一端伸出凹槽6，第一部件1的内环孔与第二环板4的内环孔同轴且第一部件1的内环孔孔径大于第二环板4的内环孔孔径。第一环板3上的凹槽6凹设于第一环板3的中心位置，第三环板5上的凹槽6也是凹设于第三环板5的中心位置，而且凹槽6为圆槽，第一部件1为圆环结构，凹槽6与第二环板4的内环孔同轴，第一部件1嵌装在凹槽6里面，结构更加紧凑，第一部件1拆装更加方便，而且第一部件1的安装更加稳固。
具体使用时，将与磁悬浮轴承12配合的转轴11穿接在第二环板4的内环孔中，使得转轴11从第一环板3和第三环板5的内环孔中穿过，并且使得转轴11与第二环板4过盈配合，也即使得第二环板4会随着转轴11同步移动，当转轴11产生轴向偏移时，将会带动第二环板4产生轴向偏移，也即使得第二环板4朝向第一环板3偏移或者朝向第三环板5偏移。此时，由于第一部件1安装在凹槽6里面且第一部件1突出凹槽6，故而第一部件1将会首先与第二环板4接触，由于第一部件1为橡胶圈，故而其能够吸收第二环板4的轴向冲击而产生变形，随后第一部件1沿径向扩张，从而吸收冲击，第一部件1的外环壁将会挤压在凹槽6侧壁上，第二部件2套在第一部件1内圈中，当第一部件1的内环壁沿径向扩张的过程中将挤压第二部件2而使得第二部件2变形并吸收冲击。
在一些实施例中，第二部件2为公差环，公差环套在第一部件1内，并且公差环的外环壁与第一部件1的内环壁紧密相贴，而且第二部件2的内环孔孔径大于第二环板4的内环孔孔径，当转轴11穿接在第一环板3和第三环板5的内环孔中时，转轴11不会与第二部件2的内环孔接触。
值得注意的是，公差环为本技术领域的标准件，使用者可以根据需要选择公差环的规格，以使得第一部件1和第二部件2组成的吸收轴向冲击的组合具有不同的刚度和阻尼。
当承受轴向冲击时，第一部件1(也即橡胶圈)首先与第二环板4接触，随后第一部件1挤压公差环，使得公差环变形，从而吸收轴向冲击。
第二部件2采用过程配合的方式安装在第一部件1内部，从而使得本实施例提供的磁悬浮轴承轴向保护***的结构简单、成本低、易于推广运用。而且其能够为转轴11以 及磁悬浮轴承12提供可靠的轴向保护。
在一些实施例中，磁悬浮轴承轴向保护***还包括环圈7。环圈7为硬质材料制成的结构件，其受到径向挤压的时候不会产生形变。
环圈7套在第二部件2内，也即环圈7套在公差环内部，且使得环圈7的外环壁与公差环的内环壁紧密相贴，当公差环受到第一部件1的挤压变形时，环圈7将会在径向上对公差环提供支撑，从而避免变形的公差环对转轴11的影响。值得注意的是，环圈7的内环孔孔径大于第二环板4的内环孔孔径，当转轴11与第二环板4配合时，转轴11则会插接在环圈7的内环壁中，并且，转轴11的外壁不会与环圈7的内环壁接触。
环圈7的一端与凹槽6的槽底相抵，并且环圈7的另一端也伸出凹槽6。为了便于说明，第一环板3和第三环板5与第二环板4之间的距离均是e，第一部件1伸出凹槽6的一端与第二环板4之间的距离为f，环圈7伸出凹槽6的一端与第二环板4之间的距离为g，其中f＜g＜e，这样，当转轴11轴向偏移的时候，第一部件1将会首先与第二环板4接触，随后环圈7的端面与第二环板4接触，避免第一环板3或者第三环板5直接与第二环板4接触。在一些实施例中，限定磁悬浮轴承12的中心孔与转轴11之间的距离为L，环圈7的内环孔孔壁与转轴11之间的距离为h，其中h＞L。
值得注意的是，将第一环板3以及其上安装的第一部件1，第二部件2和环圈7命名为第一组件，将第二环板4以及其上安装的第一部件1、第二部件2和环圈7命名为第二组件，第一组件和第二组件实际上是相对于第二环板4对称设置的。
在一些实施例中，环圈7为硬质材料制成的结构件，具体地，硬质材料为石墨或者陶瓷或者金属，其具有足够的刚度承受第二环板4的轴向冲击。
在一些实施例中，第一环板3和第三环板5均是铁磁材料制成的结构件，也即第一环板3和第三环板5只要在很小的磁场作用下便能够被磁化到饱和。第二环板4为铁性材料或者多铁性材料制成的结构件，也即第二环板4能够被磁体吸引。
第一环板3和第三环板5上均安装有线圈8，两个线圈8分别通过一进电电路与外界电源电连接。此时，第一环板3和其上的线圈8则组成一个类似于电磁铁的结构，第三环板5和其上的线圈8则组成另一个类似于电磁铁的结构，当线圈8通电，第一环板3和/第三环板5则会具有磁性，便可以吸引第二环板4移动。具体使用时，当第二环板4随转轴11移至靠近第一环板3的位置，此时，则给第三环板5上的线圈8通电，以使得第三环板5具有磁性，从而吸引第二环板4朝第三环板5移动，当第二环板4移动至第一环板3和第三环板5的中间位置时，线圈8断电；当第二环板4随转轴移至靠近第三环板5的 位置，此时，则给第一环板3上的线圈8通电，以使得第一环板3具有磁性，从而吸引第二环板4朝第一环板3移动，当第二环板4移动至第一环板3和第三环板5的中间位置时，线圈8断电。通过方式，则可以实现将偏移的第二环板4和转轴11复位的效果。
在一些实施例中，第一环板3和第三环板5相对侧壁上分别设有一环形槽9，每个环形槽9中均嵌装有线圈8。
本公开提供一种转轴组件，包括转轴11、磁悬浮轴承12和上述的磁悬浮轴承轴向保护***，磁悬浮轴承12和磁悬浮轴承轴向保护***同轴地安装在转轴11上。
以上所述，仅为本公开的具体实施方式，但本公开的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本公开记载的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本公开的保护范围之内。因此，本公开的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种磁悬浮轴承轴向保护***，包括第一部件和第二部件，所述第一部件为软材料制成的结构件，所述第二部件为硬材料制成的结构件，所述第一部件和所述第二部件均用于承受轴向冲击并变形。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的磁悬浮轴承轴向保护***，还包括内环孔在转轴上同轴设置的第一环板、第二环板和第三环板，所述第二环板位于所述第一环板和所述第三环板之间且所述第二环板与所述第一环板以及所述第三环板之间均留有间隙，所述第二环板的内环孔孔径小于所述第一环板以及所述第三环板的内环孔孔径；以及
    所述第一环板和所述第三环板相对侧壁上均安装有所述第一部件和所述第二部件，当所述第一部件受轴向冲击而变形时，所述第一部件挤压所述第二部件并驱动所述第二部件变形。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的磁悬浮轴承轴向保护***，其中所述第一环板和所述第三环板相对侧壁上均设有一凹槽；
    所述第一部件为环状结构，每个所述凹槽内分别安装一个所述第一部件且所述第一部件的外环壁与所述凹槽的侧壁紧密相贴，所述第一部件的一端与所述凹槽的槽底相抵且该第一部件的另一端伸出所述凹槽，所述第一部件的内环孔与所述第二环板的内环孔同轴且该第一部件的内环孔孔径大于所述第二环板的内环孔孔径。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的磁悬浮轴承轴向保护***，其中所述第二部件为公差环，所述公差环套在所述第一部件内且该公差环的外环壁与所述第一部件的内环壁紧密相贴，所述公差环的内环孔孔径大于所述第二环板的内环孔孔径。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的磁悬浮轴承轴向保护***，还包括环圈，所述环圈套在所述第二部件内且该环圈的内环孔孔径大于所述第二环板的内环孔孔径，所述环圈的一端与所述凹槽的槽底相抵且该环圈的另一端伸出所述凹槽；以及
    所述第一环板以及第三环板与所述第二环板之间的距离均为e，所述第一部件伸出所述凹槽的一端与所述第二环板之间的距离为f，所述环圈伸出所述凹槽的一端与所述第二环板之间的距离为g，f＜g＜e。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的磁悬浮轴承轴向保护***，其中所述环圈为硬质材料制成 的结构件。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的磁悬浮轴承轴向保护***，其中所述硬质材料为石墨或者陶瓷或者金属。
  8. 根据权利要求2-7中任一项所述的磁悬浮轴承轴向保护***，其中所述第一环板和所述第三环板均是铁磁材料制成的结构件，所述第二环板为铁性材料制成的结构件；
    所述第一环板和所述第三环板上均安装有线圈。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的磁悬浮轴承轴向保护***，其中所述第一环板和所述第三环板相对侧壁上分别设有一个环形槽，每个所述环形槽内均嵌装有所述线圈。
  10. 根据权利要求2-9中任一项所述的磁悬浮轴承轴向保护***，其中所述第一部件为橡胶制成的结构件。
  11. 一种转轴组件，包括转轴、磁悬浮轴承和权利要求1-10之一所述的磁悬浮轴承轴向保护***，所述磁悬浮轴承和磁悬浮轴承轴向保护***同轴地安装在所述转轴上。
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CN104185736A (zh) * 2012-04-04 2014-12-03 株式会社岛津制作所 真空泵
CN106369051A (zh) * 2016-09-26 2017-02-01 北京航空航天大学 一种磁悬浮轴承保护装置
CN107100932A (zh) * 2017-06-12 2017-08-29 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 轴向磁悬浮轴承、磁悬浮***及压缩机
CN110242670A (zh) * 2019-07-16 2019-09-17 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 磁悬浮轴承***及具有其的工装
CN111089115A (zh) * 2020-01-07 2020-05-01 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 一种磁悬浮轴承轴向保护***
CN211737762U (zh) * 2020-01-07 2020-10-23 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 一种磁悬浮轴承轴向保护***

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