WO2021139121A1 - 一种带有涡状盘管的相变储冷装置 - Google Patents
一种带有涡状盘管的相变储冷装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021139121A1 WO2021139121A1 PCT/CN2020/100022 CN2020100022W WO2021139121A1 WO 2021139121 A1 WO2021139121 A1 WO 2021139121A1 CN 2020100022 W CN2020100022 W CN 2020100022W WO 2021139121 A1 WO2021139121 A1 WO 2021139121A1
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- Prior art keywords
- phase change
- tube
- coil
- cold storage
- storage device
- Prior art date
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- MSXVEPNJUHWQHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbutan-2-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)(C)O MSXVEPNJUHWQHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- YCOZIPAWZNQLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptane - octane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC YCOZIPAWZNQLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(O)=O FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BGHCVCJVXZWKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC BGHCVCJVXZWKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Decanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940094933 n-dodecane Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- GYSCBCSGKXNZRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzothiophene-2-carboxamide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(C(=O)N)=CC2=C1 GYSCBCSGKXNZRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-ethylcaproic acid Natural products CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000005632 Capric acid (CAS 334-48-5) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000618 GeSbTe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001274216 Naso Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- IERFMOXUAANTKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexaoxane Chemical compound O1OOOOO1 IERFMOXUAANTKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
- F28D20/021—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat the latent heat storage material and the heat-exchanging means being enclosed in one container
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
- F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
- F24F5/0017—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using cold storage bodies, e.g. ice
- F24F5/0021—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using cold storage bodies, e.g. ice using phase change material [PCM] for storage
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being spirally coiled
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/10—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically
- F28D7/12—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically the surrounding tube being closed at one end, e.g. return type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
- F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
- F28F21/082—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from steel or ferrous alloys
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
- F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
- F28F21/082—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from steel or ferrous alloys
- F28F21/083—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from steel or ferrous alloys from stainless steel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
- F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
- F28F21/084—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from aluminium or aluminium alloys
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
- F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
- F28F21/085—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from copper or copper alloys
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/007—Auxiliary supports for elements
- F28F9/013—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies
- F28F9/0135—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies formed by grids having only one tube per closed grid opening
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/24—Arrangements for promoting turbulent flow of heat-exchange media, e.g. by plates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
- F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
- F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
- F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
- F28F1/34—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending obliquely
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the field of low-temperature technology, and can be applied to public buildings, air-conditioning cold storage, refrigerated transportation, etc., and more specifically, relates to a low-temperature fluid cold energy storage device.
- the cold storage technology is to store the sensible heat or latent heat released by the state of the working fluid, so as to solve the contradiction between the uneven distribution of energy in time and space, and has been widely used in various fields of the national economy.
- the existing cold storage devices are mainly ice cold storage and water energy storage devices. These devices have complex systems, large footprint, short life, low efficiency, and poor economic benefits, and they have great limitations.
- the device uses the phase change latent heat of the material for cold storage, and has the advantages of large energy storage density, constant temperature, high thermal efficiency, and the like. At the same time, because the energy storage density of the phase change material is significantly higher than that of the water sensible heat storage system, the device has a compact structure and low heat loss, which has great application prospects.
- the present invention aims to provide a phase change cold storage device with vortex coils in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the background art.
- the device is highly efficient and reliable. Its advantage lies in the fact that the low-temperature fluid is in the shell side under the influence of the baffle. During the flow, the flow changes periodically along the axial direction, thereby increasing the degree of turbulence and improving the heat transfer coefficient.
- the phase change material is stored in a vortex coil with a compact structure, which is characterized by a large filling capacity.
- the special vortex structure will also generate a secondary flow of the internal fluid, which enhances the heat exchange between the fluid in the tube and the tube wall.
- the phase change material has a wide range of sources, has a large latent heat of phase change, good thermal and chemical stability, is environmentally friendly, safe and reliable, and can be reused many times.
- a phase change cold storage device with a vortex coil including an inlet pipe, an outlet pipe, a tube sheet, a baffle, a vortex coil, and a tube
- the tube plate is fixedly connected to the cylinder body, the center tube, the support frame, the head and the saddle, the lower end position and the center position of the tube plate are respectively opened, and the inlet tube and the outlet tube are respectively connected to the
- the lower end position of the tube plate is connected with the opening in the center position, the baffle plate and the vortex tube are installed on the center tube, one end of the center tube is fixed on the tube plate, and the other end is inserted in the center tube.
- the head On the support frame connected with the cylinder, the head is connected with the cylinder and is arranged on the other side opposite to the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe, and the saddle is arranged below the cylinder.
- a number of vortex coils are installed between the baffle and the baffle, the number of which can be determined according to the actual cold storage capacity;
- the baffle can change the flow direction of the low-temperature fluid in the shell side to enhance heat transfer;
- the baffle The center of the plate has a hole, which is in the shape of an arc or a disk-ring;
- the spacing of the baffles can be determined according to the nature of the medium, the flow rate and the size of the device, and is generally not less than one-fifth of the length of the cylinder.
- the size is determined by the diameter of the center tube.
- the central tube can be a single tube or a double-tube structure; when the central tube is a double-tube structure, it mainly includes an outer tube, an inner tube, an annular tube sheet, and fins nested between the inner tube and the outer tube. Sheet; Filled with phase change material between the inner tube and the outer tube.
- the fins may be circular fins, spiral fins, corrugated fins, needle fins, and the like.
- the support frame is composed of a sleeve and a supporting rib.
- the number of ribs can be determined according to actual conditions.
- the diameter of the sleeve is slightly larger than the diameter of the central tube.
- the spiral coil is composed of a cushion strip, a cushion ring, a support ring, a base cushion strip and a coil.
- the outer diameter of the coil tube can be ⁇ 19mm, ⁇ 25mm, ⁇ 32mm and other common heat exchange tube sizes.
- the backing ring is spot welded between the coil and the ring, and the thickness of the backing ring can be determined according to actual conditions, generally ⁇ mm.
- the inner ring of the coil is uniformly fixed by a backing ring and spot-welded on the support ring. Then, using this as a base, the backing ring is welded one by one in the radial direction; when the coil is wound several times, it is placed between the backing rings.
- the spacer strips are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction and used as an added base, and the spacer ring is continuously welded at the beginning of the next circle, and the spacer ring is finally distributed in a stepwise radial distribution along the plane.
- the initial position and number of the cushion strips can be determined according to the overall size of the spiral coil; the cushion strips are flat and have the same thickness as the backing ring.
- the inner diameter of the support ring is the same as the outer diameter of the central tube; the thickness of the support ring is the same as that of the backing ring, and the length is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the coil.
- the gap between the support ring and the inner ring of the coil needs to be lined with a base strip, and the thickness of the base strip needs to be determined in conjunction with the outer diameter of the coil.
- the phase change material in the coil is selected according to the temperature range of the application, and it can be an organic or inorganic phase change material, or a composite phase change material.
- the phase change materials in the coil include octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, decanoic acid, dodecanol, tert-amyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, n-dodecane, n-tetradecane, n-pentadecane, n-decane
- Organic phase change materials such as hexaoxane or inorganic phase change materials such as NaSO ⁇ HO and GeSbTe can also be composite phase change materials composed of two or more materials.
- the fluid in the shell side is a cryogenic fluid, and its inlet temperature is lower than the phase change temperature of the phase change material in the coil.
- the cryogenic fluid medium may be ammonia, methane, nitrogen, etc.
- the outer wall of the cylinder is wrapped with a heat preservation layer made of heat preservation material.
- the pipe material of the coil and the plate material of the baffle plate may be inconsistent, and the scope includes carbon steel, stainless steel, steel and steel alloy, aluminum and aluminum alloy, copper and copper alloy, and other special metals.
- the present invention has the following advantages:
- the latent heat type phase change material has higher cold storage density, suitable cold storage temperature, and good adaptability to changes in cooling load. In the same temperature range, its cold storage capacity is greater than the sensible heat of water. Compared with ice storage, it has the advantage of maintaining fluidity. At the same time, it has a wide range of phase change materials and has better thermal stability and chemical stability. Stable, safe and reliable, it can be reused many times.
- the vortex coil has a compact structure and is easy to install. Compared with conventional round pipes, it has a larger filling capacity and a larger heat exchange area, and its special structure will generate a secondary flow inside, thereby strengthening the fluid in the pipe and the pipe wall. The heat exchange between the two increases the utilization rate of the cooling capacity.
- the device has a simple structure and is convenient to manufacture.
- the central tube is inserted into the support frame on the side close to the head, which is a detachable structure, so that the central tube can be easily inserted into or drawn out of the shell.
- the central tube can expand and contract freely in the axial direction, which completely eliminates the temperature difference stress.
- a baffle plate is installed in the device to control the flow direction of the fluid, so that the fluid flows continuously along the axial direction, which can further increase the degree of turbulence and improve the heat transfer coefficient.
- the coil group can be used as a unit during installation, which is convenient for installation. At the same time, the required number of coils can be increased or decreased according to the actual demand for cold storage capacity, which has a wide range of applications.
- a wide range of pipes and plates can be used, mainly including carbon steel, stainless steel, steel and steel alloys, aluminum and aluminum alloys, copper and copper alloys and other special metals.
- the cryogenic fluid enters from the inlet pipe, moves in the axial direction, flows back through the nozzle of the central pipe near the head side, and finally discharges from the outlet pipe, greatly extending the low temperature fluid and phase change material in the cold storage device The heat exchange time.
- the backing ring welding is used between the coil ring and the ring.
- the coil can be fixed as a whole.
- the distance between adjacent coils can be controlled by adjusting the thickness of the backing ring, which controls the pitch and spacing of the coil. Effective means.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of a phase change cold storage device with spiral coils according to the present invention.
- Fig. 2 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a phase change cold storage device with spiral coils according to the present invention.
- Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the baffle in the phase change cold storage device with vortex coils according to the present invention.
- Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a phase change cold storage device with a spiral coil tube according to the present invention when the center tube is a double tube structure.
- Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support frame of the phase change cold storage device with vortex coils according to the present invention.
- Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the spiral coil structure of the phase change cold storage device with the spiral coil according to the present invention.
- Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a backing ring of a phase change cold storage device with a spiral coil according to the present invention.
- the phase change cold storage device with vortex coils of this embodiment includes an inlet pipe 1, an outlet pipe 2, a tube sheet 3, a cylinder 6, a central pipe 7, a support frame 8.
- the baffle 4 can change the flow direction of the low temperature fluid in the shell side to enhance heat transfer;
- the tube sheet 3 is welded to the cylinder 6, and the lower end and the center position of the tube sheet 3 are respectively opened with holes, and the inlet is welded
- the tube 1 and the outlet tube 2 are used for the in and out of cryogenic fluid;
- the cryogenic fluid medium can be methane, ammonia, nitrogen, etc., and the inlet temperature is lower than the phase change temperature of the phase change material in the coil 21;
- the central tube 7 is fixed at one end On the tube plate 3, the
- the baffle 4 has an opening in the center, and the overall shape is arcuate or disc-circular; the spacing of the baffles 4 can be determined according to the nature of the medium, the flow rate and the size of the device, and is generally not less than five times the length of the cylinder.
- the size of the central opening can be determined according to the diameter of the central tube 7; the outer wall of the cylinder 6 is wrapped with an insulation layer made of insulation material.
- the central tube 7 when the central tube 7 has a double-tube structure, it mainly includes an outer tube 11, an inner tube 12, an annular tube plate 13, and fins 14 nested between the inner tube 12 and the outer tube 11; the inner tube 12
- the phase change material is filled between the outer tube 11 and the outer tube 11.
- the fins 14 can be circular fins, spiral fins, corrugated fins, needle-shaped fins, etc.; low-temperature fluid flows back through the central tube 7, which greatly increases the The heat exchange time of the phase change material in the cold storage device improves the heat exchange efficiency;
- the support frame 8 is composed of a sleeve 15 and a supporting rib 16.
- the number of ribs 16 can be determined according to the actual situation.
- the diameter of the sleeve 15 is slightly larger than the diameter of the central tube 7; the supporting ribs 16 are welded
- the cylinder 6 is used to support the center tube 7; the side of the center tube 7 close to the head 9 is sleeved on the sleeve 15. It is a detachable structure, so that the center tube can be easily inserted or drawn out of the shell.
- the central tube 7 can expand and contract freely in the axial direction, which completely eliminates the temperature difference stress.
- the spiral coil 5 is composed of a cushion strip 17, a cushion ring 18, a support ring 19, a base cushion strip 20 and a coil tube 21.
- the outer diameter of the coil 21 can be ⁇ 19mm, ⁇ 25mm, ⁇ 32mm and other common heat exchange tube sizes; the two ends of the coil 21 are blocked and contain phase change materials; the phase change materials can be selected according to the temperature range of the application, mainly including bitter acid , Nonanoic acid, capric acid, dodecanol, tert-amyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, n-dodecane, n-tetradecane, n-pentadecane, n-hexadecane and other organic phase change materials or Na 2 SO 4 ⁇ 10H Inorganic phase change materials such as 2 O, Ge 1 Sb 2 Te 4, etc., can also be composite phase change materials composed of two or more materials; phase change materials have a large cold storage density and a suitable cold storage temperature.
- the adaptability of changes is good, and it has a wide range of sources, has good thermal and chemical stability, is safe and reliable, and can be repeatedly used; the gasket ring 18 is welded between the coil 21 and the ring, and the thickness of the gasket 18 can be Determined according to the actual situation, generally 1 ⁇ 5mm;
- the inner ring of the coil 21 is uniformly fixed by 4 backing rings 18 and spot-welded on the support ring 19, and then the backing ring 18 is welded one by one along the radial direction on this basis; when the coil 21 is wound several times, Spacer strips 17 are evenly distributed between the gasket rings 18 and used as an added base.
- the gasket rings 18 are continuously spot-welded at the beginning of the next circle.
- the gasket rings 18 are finally distributed along the plane in a stepwise radial distribution; the location of the gasket strips 17 is added.
- the sum number can be determined according to the overall size of the vortex coil 5; the cushion strip 17 is flat and has the same thickness as the cushion ring 18; the inner diameter of the support ring 19 is the same as the outer diameter of the central tube 7, and its thickness is the same as that of the cushion ring.
- the ring 18 remains the same, and the length is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the coil 21; the gap between the support ring 19 and the inner ring of the coil 21 needs to be lined with a base gasket 20, and the thickness of the base gasket 20 needs to be determined in conjunction with the outer diameter of the coil 21; It can be inconsistent with plates, and the scope includes carbon steel, stainless steel, steel and steel alloys, aluminum and aluminum alloys, copper and copper alloys, and other special metals.
- the phase change cold storage device with vortex coil provided by the present invention has compact structure, high efficiency and reliability, and wide application range.
- the fluid When the low-temperature fluid flows in the shell side, the fluid will periodically change direction due to the influence of the baffle, thereby increasing the degree of turbulence and improving the heat transfer coefficient.
- the special structure of the vortex coil can increase the filling amount of the phase change material on the one hand, and on the other hand it will also cause the internal fluid to generate a secondary flow, which enhances the heat exchange between the fluid in the tube and the tube wall.
- the low-temperature fluid returns through the center tube, which greatly increases the heat exchange time with the phase change material in the cold storage device, and improves the heat exchange efficiency.
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Abstract
一种带有涡状盘管(5)的相变储冷装置,包括进口管(1)、出口管(2)、管板(3)、折流板(4)、涡状盘管(5)、筒体(6)、中心管(7)、支撑架(8)、封头(9)和鞍座(10);管板(3)与筒体(6)固定连接,管板(3)的下端位置和中心位置分别开孔,进口管(1)和出口管(2)分别与管板(3)的下端位置和中心位置的开孔相连,折流板(4)和涡状盘管(5)安装在中心管(7)上;中心管(7)一端固定在管板(3)上,另一端穿插在与筒体(6)连接的支撑架(8)上;封头(9)与筒体(6)相连,设置在与进口管(1)和出口管(2)相反的另一侧;鞍座(10)设置在筒体(6)的下方。
Description
本发明属于低温技术领域,可应用于公共建筑、空调蓄冷、冷藏运输等方面,更具体地说,是涉及一种低温流体冷能储存装置。
随着工业化的高速发展,能源问题逐渐成为制约经济发展的关键因素,如何将能源高效存储,已经成为工业上亟需解决的关键问题。储冷技术是将工质状态变化释放的显热或潜热进行储存,从而解决能源在时间上和空间上分配不均的矛盾,已经在国民经济的各个领域得到了广泛应用。
目前,现有的储冷装置大部分还是以冰蓄冷和水储能装置为主,这些装置***复杂、占地面积大、寿命短、效率低、经济效益差,具有很大的局限性。本装置利用材料的相变潜热进行储冷,具有储能密度大、温度恒定、热效率高等优点。同时,由于相变材料的贮能密度明显高于水的显热贮存***,该装置结构紧凑,热损小,具有很大的应用前景。
发明内容
本发明是针对上述背景技术中存在的不足提供一种的带有涡状盘管的相变储冷装置,该装置高效可靠,其优点在于:受折流板的影响,低温流体在壳程内流动时,沿着轴向会发生周期性的变向流动,从而增加湍流程度,提高换热系数。同时,相变材料采用结构紧凑的涡状盘管进行储存,具有充装量大的特点,特殊的涡状结构也会使内部流体产生二次流,强化管内流体与管壁间的换热。此外,相变材料来源广泛,具有较大的相变潜热,较好的热稳定性和化学稳定性,环境友好,安全可靠,可多次重复使用。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明通过如下技术方案来实现:一种带有涡状盘管的相变储冷装置,包括进口管、出口管、管板、折流板、涡状盘管、筒体、中心管、支撑架、封头和鞍座,所述管板与所述筒体固定连接,所述管板的下端位置和中心位置分别开孔,所述进口管和出口管分别与所述管板的下端位置和中心位 置的开孔相连,所述折流板和涡状盘管安装在所述中心管上,所述中心管一端固定在所述管板上,另一端穿插在与筒体连接的支撑架上,所述封头与所述筒体相连,设置在与所述进口管和出口管相反的另一侧,所述鞍座设置在所述筒体的下方。
所述折流板与折流板之间安装若干个涡状盘管,其个数可以根据实际储冷量确定;折流板可以改变壳程内低温流体流向,强化传热;所述折流板中心开孔,整体呈弓形或圆盘-圆环形;所述折流板的间距可以根据介质性质、流量以及装置大小确定,一般不小于圆筒长度的五分之一,中心开孔的尺寸根据中心管的直径确定。
所述中心管可以是单管,也可以是双管结构;所述中心管为双管结构时,主要包含外管、内管、环形管板以及嵌套在内管和外管之间的翅片;所述内管和外管之间充装相变材料。
所述翅片可以是圆形翅片、螺旋形翅片、波纹形翅片、针状翅片等。
所述支撑架由套筒和支撑筋板组成,筋板的个数可以根据实际情况确定,套筒的直径略大于中心管的直径。
所述涡状盘管由垫条、垫环、支撑环、基底垫条以及盘管构成。
作为优选,所述盘管的外径可以是Φ19mm、Φ25mm、Φ32mm以及其他常见换热管尺寸。
所述盘管圈与圈之间点焊垫环,垫环的厚度可根据实际情况确定,一般为~mm。
所述盘管内圈被个垫环均布固定并点焊在支撑环上,然后以此为基底,沿径向逐圈焊接垫环;当盘管缠绕若干圈数后,在垫环之间沿周向均布添加垫条,并作为增加的基底,在下一圈开始持续焊接垫环,所述垫环最终沿平面呈阶段性递增的辐射状分布。
所述垫条初始添加的位置和个数可根据涡状盘管的总体尺寸确定;所述垫条为平直形,厚度与垫环保持一致。
所述支撑环的内径与中心管外径相同;所述支撑环厚度与垫环保持一致,长度略大于盘管外径。
所述支撑环与盘管内圈的间隙处需要衬垫基底垫条,基底垫条的厚度需结合 盘管外径确定。
所述盘管内的相变材料根据应用的温度范围进行选择,可以是有机或无机相变材料,也可以是复合相变材料。
作为优选,所述盘管内的相变材料主要有辛酸、壬酸、癸酸、十二醇、叔戊醇、乙二醇、正十二烷、正十四烷、正十五烷、正十六烷等有机相变材料或NaSO·HO、GeSbTe等无机相变材料,也可以是由两种或者两种以上材料组成的复合相变材料。
所述壳程内的流体为低温流体,其入口温度低于盘管内相变材料的相变温度。
作为优选,低温流体介质可以是氨气、甲烷、氮气等。
所述筒体的外壁上包裹着由保温材料构成的保温层。
所述盘管的管材和折流板的板材可以不一致,范围包括碳钢、不锈钢、钢及钢合金、铝及铝合金、铜及铜合金以及其他特种金属。
本发明与现有技术相比具有以下优点:
1.与其他储冷介质相比,潜热型相变材料的储冷密度大,储冷温度适宜,对冷负荷变化的适应性好。在相同的温度范围,它的储冷容量比水的显热大,和冰储冷相比,它具有保持流动性的优点,同时,相变材料来源广泛,具有较好的热稳定性和化学稳定性,安全可靠,可多次重复使用。
2.涡状盘管结构紧凑,易于安装,与常规圆管相比,它的充装量大,换热面积大,且其特殊结构会使内部产生二次流,从而强化管内流体与管壁间的换热,提高冷量的利用率。
3.装置结构简单,制造方便。中心管在靠近封头一侧穿插在支撑架上,是一种可拆结构,使中心管能容易的***或抽出壳体。同时,当相变材料和低温流体的温差较大时,中心管可以沿轴向自由伸缩,完全消除了温差应力。
4.装置内设置折流板,可以控制流体流向,使流体沿着轴向不断变向流动,能进一步的增加湍流程度,提高换热系数。
5.安装时可以以盘管组为单位,安装方便。同时,所需盘管数可根据实际储冷量的需求增加或减少,适用范围广。
6.可选用的管材和板材广泛,主要包括碳钢、不锈钢、钢及钢合金、铝及铝合金、铜及铜合金以及其他特种金属。
7.低温流体从进口管进入,沿轴向变向运动后,通过中心管靠近封头侧的管口回流,并最终从出口管排出,大大延长了低温流体与相变材料在储冷装置中的热交换时间。
8.盘管圈与圈之间使用垫环焊接,一方面可以将盘管整体固定,另一方面可以通过调节垫环厚度控制相邻盘管之间的间距,是控制盘管螺距和间距的有效手段。
图1为本发明带有涡状盘管的相变储冷装置的平面示意图。
图2为本发明带有涡状盘管的相变储冷装置的立体示意图。
图3为本发明带有涡状盘管的相变储冷装置中折流板的结构示意图。
图4为本发明带有涡状盘管的相变储冷装置中心管为双管结构时的示意图。
图5为本发明带有涡状盘管的相变储冷装置的支撑架结构示意图。
图6为本发明带有涡状盘管的相变储冷装置的涡状盘管结构示意图。
图7为本发明带有涡状盘管的相变储冷装置的垫环示意图。
图中:1—进口管;2—出口管;3—管板;4—折流板;5—涡状盘管;6—筒体;7—中心管;8—支撑架;9—封头;10—鞍座;11—外管;12—内管;13—环形管板;14—翅片;15—套筒;16—筋板;17—垫条;18—垫环;19—支撑环;20—基底垫条;21—盘管。
以下将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。这些附图均为简化的示意图,仅以示意方式说明本发明的基本结构。
如图1、2所示,本实施例的带有涡状盘管的相变储冷装置,包括进口管1、出口管2、管板3、筒体6、中心管7、支撑架8、封头9、鞍座10以及安装在中心管7上的折流板4和涡状盘管5;折流板4与折流板4之间安装若干个涡状盘管5,其个数可以根据实际储冷量确定;折流板4可以改变壳程内低温流体流向,强化传热;管板3与筒体6焊接,且管板3的下端位置和中心位置分别开孔,并焊接进口管1和出口管2,用作低温流体的进出;低温流体介质可以是甲烷、氨气、氮气等,其入口温度低于盘管21内相变材料的相变温度;中心管7一端固定在管板3上,另一端穿插在与筒体6焊接的支撑架8上;中心管7可以是单管, 也可以是双管结构;
如图3所示,折流板4中心开孔,整体呈弓形或圆盘-圆环形;折流板4的间距可以根据介质性质、流量以及装置大小确定,一般不小于圆筒长度的五分之一,中心开孔的尺寸可以根据中心管7的直径确定;筒体6的外壁上包裹着由保温材料构成的保温层。
如图4所示,中心管7为双管结构时,主要包含外管11、内管12、环形管板13以及嵌套在内管12和外管11之间的翅片14;内管12和外管11之间充装相变材料,翅片14可以是圆形翅片、螺旋形翅片、波纹形翅片、针状翅片等;低温流体通过中心管7回流,大大增加了与相变材料在储冷装置中的热交换时间,提高了换热效率;
如图5所示,支撑架8由套筒15和支撑筋板16组成,筋板16的个数可以根据实际情况确定,套筒15的直径略大于中心管7的直径;支撑筋板16焊接在筒体6上,用来支撑中心管7;中心管7靠近封头9的一侧套在套筒15上,是一种可拆结构,使中心管能容易的***或抽出壳体,同时,当相变材料和低温流体的温差较大时,中心管7可以沿轴向自由伸缩,完全消除了温差应力。
如图6、7所示,涡状盘管5由垫条17、垫环18、支撑环19、基底垫条20以及盘管21构成。盘管21的外径可以是Φ19mm、Φ25mm、Φ32mm以及其他常见换热管尺寸;盘管21两端封堵,内部含有相变材料;相变材料可以根据应用的温度范围进行选择,主要有辛酸、壬酸、癸酸、十二醇、叔戊醇、乙二醇、正十二烷、正十四烷、正十五烷、正十六烷等有机相变材料或Na
2SO
4·10H
2O、Ge
1Sb
2Te
4等无机相变材料,也可以是由两种或者两种以上材料组成的复合相变材料;相变材料的储冷密度大,储冷温度适宜,对冷负荷变化的适应性好,且来源广泛,具有较好的热稳定性和化学稳定性,安全可靠,可多次重复使用;盘管21圈与圈之间焊接垫环18,垫环18的厚度可根据实际情况确定,一般为1~5mm;
盘管21内圈被4个垫环18均布固定并点焊在支撑环19上,然后以此为基底,沿径向逐圈焊接垫环18;当盘管21缠绕若干圈数后,在垫环18之间均布添加垫条17,并作为增加的基底,在下一圈开始持续点焊垫环18,垫环18最终沿平面呈阶段性递增的辐射状分布;垫条17添加的位置和个数可根据涡状盘管5的总体尺寸确定;所述垫条17为平直形,厚度与垫环18保持一致;支撑环19 的内径与中心管7外径相同,其厚度与垫环18保持一致,长度略大于盘管21外径;支撑环19与盘管21内圈的间隙处需要衬垫基底垫条20,基底垫条20的厚度需结合盘管21外径确定;管材和板材可以不一致,范围包括碳钢、不锈钢、钢及钢合金、铝及铝合金、铜及铜合金以及其他特种金属。
本发明所提供的带有涡状盘管的相变储冷装置,结构紧凑,高效可靠,适用范围广。当低温流体在壳程内流动时,受折流板的影响,流体会发生周期性的变向流动,从而增加湍流程度,提高换热系数。同时,涡状盘管的特殊结构,一方面能提高相变材料的充装量,另一方面也会使内部流体产生二次流,强化管内流体与管壁间的换热。此外,低温流体通过中心管回程,大大增加了与相变材料在储冷装置中的热交换时间,提高了换热效率。
以上所述,仅是本发明的较佳实施例,并非对本发明作任何限制,凡是根据本发明技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、变更以及等效结构变化,均属于本发明技术方案的保护范围内。
Claims (10)
- 一种带有涡状盘管的相变储冷装置,其特征在于:包括进口管(1)、出口管(2)、管板(3)、折流板(4)、涡状盘管(5)、筒体(6)、中心管(7)、支撑架(8)、封头(9)和鞍座(10),所述管板(3)与所述筒体(6)固定连接,所述管板(3)的下端位置和中心位置分别开孔,所述进口管(1)和出口管(2)分别与所述管板(3)的下端位置和中心位置的开孔相连,所述折流板(4)和涡状盘管(5)安装在所述中心管(7)上,所述中心管(7)一端固定在所述管板(3)上,另一端穿插在与筒体(6)连接的支撑架(8)上,所述封头(9)与所述筒体(6)相连,设置在与所述进口管(1)和出口管(2)相反的另一侧,所述鞍座(10)设置在所述筒体(6)的下方。
- 根据权利要求1所述的带有涡状盘管的相变储冷装置,其特征在于:所述折流板(4)为N个,N≥2,每两个折流板(4)之间安装M个涡状盘管(5),M≥4;所述折流板(4)中心开孔,整体呈弓形或圆盘-圆环形;所述中心开孔的尺寸与所述中心管(7)的直径相适应。
- 根据权利要求1所述的带有涡状盘管的相变储冷装置,其特征在于:所述涡状盘管(5)包括垫条(17)、垫环(18)、支撑环(19)以及盘管(21),所述盘管(21)圈与圈之间焊接垫环(18),所述盘管(21)内圈均布固定设置4个垫环(18)并点焊在所述支撑环(19)上,在所述垫环(18)之间沿周向均布设置垫条(17),所述垫环(18)最终沿平面呈阶段性递增的辐射状分布,垫环(18)的厚度为1~5mm。
- 根据权利要求3所述的带有涡状盘管的相变储冷装置,其特征在于:所述盘管(21)两端封堵,内部含有相变材料;所述支撑环(19)与所述盘管(21)内圈的间隙处衬垫基底垫条(20),基底垫条(20)的厚度与所述盘管(21)的外径相适应;所述垫条(17)为平直形,所述支撑环(19)的内径与中心管(7)外径相同;所述支撑环(19)厚度与所述垫条(17)和垫环(18)相同,长度略大于所述盘管(21)的外径。
- 根据权利要求1所述的带有涡状盘管的相变储冷装置,其特征在于:所述中心管(7)为单管或双管结构;所述中心管(7)为双管结构时,包含外管(11)、内管(12)、环形管板(13)以及嵌套在内管(12)和外管(11)之间的翅片(14); 所述内管(12)和外管(11)之间充装相变材料。
- 根据权利要求5所述的带有涡状盘管的相变储冷装置,其特征在于:所述翅片(14)为圆形翅片、螺旋形翅片、波纹形翅片或针状翅片。
- 根据权利要求1所述的带有涡状盘管的相变储冷装置,其特征在于:所述支撑架(8)由套筒(15)和支撑筋板(16)组成,所述套筒(15)的直径略大于所述中心管(7)的直径。
- 根据权利要求1所述的带有涡状盘管的相变储冷装置,其特征在于:所述筒体(6)的外壁上包裹着由保温材料构成的保温层。
- 根据权利要求4所述的带有涡状盘管的相变储冷装置,其特征在于:所述盘管(21)和中心管(7)内的相变材料为有机相变材料、无机相变材料或复合相变材料;所述有机相变材料为辛酸、壬酸、癸酸、十二醇、叔戊醇、乙二醇、正十二烷、正十四烷、正十五烷或正十六烷,所述无机相变材料为Na 2SO 4·10H 2O或Ge 1Sb 2Te 4,所述复合相变材料由两种或者两种以上的上述材料组成。
- 根据权利要求9所述的带有涡状盘管的相变储冷装置,其特征在于:所述装置内的流体为低温流体,其入口温度低于所述盘管(21)和中心管(7)内相变材料的相变温度。
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