WO2021128868A1 - 一种ct***中射线剂量的控制方法及*** - Google Patents

一种ct***中射线剂量的控制方法及*** Download PDF

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WO2021128868A1
WO2021128868A1 PCT/CN2020/108834 CN2020108834W WO2021128868A1 WO 2021128868 A1 WO2021128868 A1 WO 2021128868A1 CN 2020108834 W CN2020108834 W CN 2020108834W WO 2021128868 A1 WO2021128868 A1 WO 2021128868A1
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examination table
driver
drive
examinee
radiation dose
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PCT/CN2020/108834
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王青强
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南京安科医疗科技有限公司
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/02—Arrangements for diagnosis sequentially in different planes; Stereoscopic radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/03—Computed tomography [CT]
    • A61B6/032—Transmission computed tomography [CT]
    • A61B6/035—Mechanical aspects of CT
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/04—Positioning of patients; Tiltable beds or the like
    • A61B6/0407—Supports, e.g. tables or beds, for the body or parts of the body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/54—Control of apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/542—Control of apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis involving control of exposure

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  • the present invention relates to the field of CT scanning technology, in particular to a method and system for controlling radiation dose in a CT system.
  • CT stands for electronic computer tomography. It uses a precisely collimated X-ray beam to scan a certain part of the human body together with a highly sensitive detector. It has the characteristics of fast scanning time and clear images. Can be used for inspections of a variety of diseases.
  • the CT is mainly composed of frame, examination table and workstation. Normally, by scanning the CT equipment in the shielded room at the workstation, the operator will select different scan modes according to different parts of the scan. Different scan modes will have different dose output. The quality of imaging is closely related to the dose of the scan. However, the existing scanning technology has certain defects, and can only adjust the dose according to different parts. For examiners of different weights, the workstation cannot automatically control the scanning dose according to the examiner's weight.
  • the prior art there is a method of collecting the weight of the patient through a pressure sensor, or obtaining the weight of the patient in advance, and then adjusting the radiation dose according to the weight of the patient.
  • the measured weight is the patient's natural weight.
  • the dosage adjustment formula is substituted into the dosage adjustment formula, the influence of the patient's different postures, body positions, and movement status of the examination table on the dosage requirement is not considered.
  • the patient’s different postures, positions, and movement status of the examination table will require different radiation doses. That is to say, what we actually have to consider is the patient’s equivalent weight. The larger the equivalent weight, the larger the equivalent weight.
  • the dose needs to be increased to ensure the accuracy of the scan data; on the contrary, the smaller the equivalent weight, the less time the patient stays at this position during the entire scanning process.
  • the same tissue can be penetrated with a smaller dose, and the radiation dose can be reduced at this time to prevent the patient from undergoing too many radiation scans.
  • CT scanning requires the rotation of the gantry to match the advancement of the bed, and the pressure sensor is in the bed It is troublesome to collect and install during exercise, and it cannot reflect the dynamic changes of human body weight based on factors such as speed.
  • the present invention proposes a method and system for controlling the radiation dose in a CT system, which can obtain different equivalent weight values according to the patient's different body positions during the CT scanning process, and then adjust the radiation dose .
  • the CT system includes an examination table, a driver, and a driving motor, and the driving motor drives the examination table to move horizontally according to the pulse output by the driver;
  • the control method includes the steps:
  • m represents the equivalent weight of the examinee
  • U represents the rated voltage of the drive
  • I represents the output current of the drive
  • R represents the drive radius of the drive motor
  • n represents the motor speed
  • g represents the acceleration of gravity
  • ⁇ represents the movement of the examination table Coefficient of friction
  • the present invention also provides a radiation dose control system in a CT system, including: an examination table, an examination table control board, a driver, a driving motor, and a workstation; among them,
  • the examination table control panel provides a user interaction window, which generates the control signal of the driver according to the motion control parameters of the examination table input by the user; and reads the driver parameters and the speed of the driving motor, and calculates the equivalent weight of the examinee based on the read data.
  • Send to the workstation; the formula for calculating the equivalent weight of the examinee is:
  • U represents the rated voltage of the drive
  • I represents the output current of the drive
  • R represents the drive radius of the drive motor
  • n represents the motor speed
  • g represents the acceleration of gravity
  • ⁇ represents the friction coefficient when the examination table is moving;
  • the driver generates a pulse waveform according to the control signal issued by the examination bed control board, and outputs the pulse waveform to the drive motor, controls the rotation of the drive motor, and drives the examination bed to move horizontally;
  • the workstation receives the weight value of the examinee sent by the control panel of the examination table, and adjusts the radiation dose during the scanning process according to the weight value.
  • control board of the examination table collects the rotational speed of the driving motor through an electronic encoder.
  • the examination table control board reads the parameters of the driver through the CANOPEN protocol, and the parameters include: rated voltage and output current.
  • examination table control board exchanges data with the workstation through a custom CAN bus protocol.
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the invention can obtain different equivalent weight values according to different body positions of the patient during the CT scanning process, and then adjust the radiation dose, so that the scanned image is clearer, and the radiation received by the patient is smaller and more reasonable.
  • Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of an embodiment of a radiation dose control system in a CT system related to the present invention.
  • This embodiment provides an implementation of a radiation dose control method in a CT system according to the present invention.
  • the CT system includes an examination table, a driver, and a driving motor.
  • the driving motor drives the examination table to move horizontally according to the pulse output by the driver. ;
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • U represents the rated voltage of the drive
  • I represents the output current of the drive
  • R represents the drive radius of the drive motor
  • n represents the motor speed
  • g represents the acceleration of gravity
  • ⁇ represents the friction coefficient when the examination table is moving;
  • the specific method for adjusting the radiation dose according to the equivalent weight is: the larger the equivalent weight, the longer the time for the same body part to pass through the same position, and the dose needs to be increased to ensure the accuracy of the scan data; conversely, the smaller the equivalent weight is , It means that the less time the patient stays at this position during the whole scanning process, the less dose can be used to penetrate the same tissue, at this time, the radiation dose can be reduced and the patient can avoid too much radiation scanning.
  • the specific adjustment dose depends on the specific scanning protocol used for the scan, or based on the doctor's experience.
  • step (1) specifically, the formula The derivation principle is:
  • T FR
  • R the radius of action of the drive motor
  • V 2 ⁇ Rn, where n represents the rotation speed of the driving motor.
  • step (2) specifically, when reading the drive parameters, including rated voltage, output current, and reading the speed of the drive motor, the values of U, I, and n can be obtained, and the radius of action of the drive motor R is related to the drive motor model and is a known parameter.
  • Both the pi rate ⁇ and the gravitational acceleration g are constants, and ⁇ is the coefficient of friction that can be obtained through experiments in advance. Therefore, at this time, just substitute U, I, n into the formula Then the equivalent weight value can be calculated.
  • a radiation dose control system in a CT system includes: an examination table, an examination table control board, a driver, a driving motor, and a workstation; among them,
  • the examination table control board provides a user interaction window, which generates the control signal of the driver according to the motion control parameters of the examination table input by the user; and reads the driver parameters and the rotation speed of the driving motor, calculates the weight of the examinee based on the read data and sends it to Workstation; the formula for calculating the equivalent weight of the examinee is:
  • U represents the rated voltage of the drive
  • I represents the output current of the drive
  • R represents the drive radius of the drive motor
  • n represents the motor speed
  • g represents the acceleration of gravity
  • ⁇ represents the friction coefficient when the examination table is moving;
  • the driver generates a pulse waveform according to the control signal issued by the examination bed control board, and outputs the pulse waveform to the drive motor, controls the rotation of the drive motor, and drives the examination bed to move horizontally;
  • the workstation receives the equivalent weight value of the examinee sent by the control panel of the examination table, and adjusts the radiation dose during the scanning process according to the equivalent weight value.
  • control board of the examination table collects the rotational speed of the driving motor through an electronic encoder.
  • the examination table control board reads the parameters of the driver through the CANOPEN protocol, and the parameters include: rated voltage and output current.
  • the examination table control board exchanges data with the workstation through a custom CAN bus protocol.

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Abstract

一种CT***中射线剂量的控制方法及***，构建了被检查者体重与驱动器输出电流之间的关系式；然后在CT检查过程中读取驱动器的输出电流，并根据被检查者体重与驱动器输出电流之间的关系式转换成被检查者的等效体重；最后，根据计算出的被检查者等效体重值，在不同的扫描位置动态调整射线剂量，使得扫描图像更清晰，病人受到的射线更小更合理。

Description

一种CT***中射线剂量的控制方法及*** 技术领域
本发明涉及CT扫描技术领域，具体涉及一种CT***中射线剂量的控制方法及***。
背景技术
CT即电子计算机断层扫描，它是利用精确准直的X线束等，与灵敏度极高的探测器一同围绕人体的某一部位作一个接一个的断面扫描，具有扫描时间快，图像清晰等特点，可用于多种疾病的检查。CT的主要由机架，检查床，工作站组成。正常情况下通过在工作站对屏蔽室内的CT设备执行扫描操作，操作员会根据扫描的不同部位选择不同的扫描模式，不同的扫描模式会具有不同的剂量输出，成像的质量跟扫描的剂量息息相关。但是现有扫描技术存在一定的缺陷，只能根据不同部位进行剂量调整，针对不同体重的检查者，工作站并不能自动根据检查者的体重来控制扫描的剂量。
现有技术中，有通过压力传感器采集病人体重，或者预先获取病人体重，然后根据病人体重调节射线剂量的方法。但是，现有技术中，测量的体重是病人的自然体重，在代入剂量调整公式进行剂量调整时，没有考虑病人的不同姿势、***以及检查床的运动状态给剂量需求带来的影响。而实际的扫描过程中，病人的不同姿势、***以及检查床的运动状态，都会要求不同的射线剂量，也就是说，我们实际上要考虑的是病人的等效体重，等效体重越大表示相同人体部位经过同一个位置的时间越长，此时需要增加剂量以保证扫描数据的准确性；反之，等效体重越小，就表明病人在整个扫描过程中在这个位置停留的时间越少，使用较少的剂量就能穿透相同的组织，此时就可以减少射线剂量，避免病人承受过多的射线扫描。
此外，由于压力传感器是整个CT***之外的东西，通过额外增加压力传感器来监控病人的重量会造成数据采集的不同步；其次，CT扫描需要机架旋转与病床前进相配合，压力传感器在病床运动过程中采集，安装比较麻烦，而且不能根据速度等因素体现人体体重的动态变化。
发明内容
发明目的：为了克服现有技术的缺陷，本发明提出一种CT***中射线剂量的控制方法及***，可实现CT扫描过程中根据病人的不同***获取不同的等效体重数值，进而调整射线剂量。
技术方案：为实现上述目的，本发明提出的技术方案如下：
一种CT***中射线剂量的控制方法，所述CT***包括检查床、驱动器、驱动电机，驱动电机根据驱动器输出的脉冲驱动检查床进行水平运动；
所述控制方法包括步骤：
(1)构建被检查者等效体重与驱动器输出电流之间的关系式：
Figure PCTCN2020108834-appb-000001
其中，m表示被检查者的等效体重，U表示驱动器的额定电压，I表示驱动器的输出电流，R表示驱动电机的驱动半径，n表示电机转速，g表示重力加速度，μ表示检查床运动时的摩擦系数；
(2)在检查过程中，当检查床做匀速运动时，读取驱动器参数，包括额定电压、输出电流，以及读取驱动电机的转速；然后，根据公式
Figure PCTCN2020108834-appb-000002
计算当前被检查者的等效体重，然后根据计算出的m调整射线剂量。
本发明还提出一种CT***中射线剂量的控制***，包括：检查床、检查床控制板、驱动器、驱动电机、工作站；其中，
检查床控制板提供用户交互窗口，根据用户输入的检查床运动控制参数生成驱动器的控制信号；以及，读取驱动器参数和驱动电机的转速，根据读取到的数据计算被检查者等效体重并发送给工作站；计算被检查者等效体重的公式为：
Figure PCTCN2020108834-appb-000003
其中，U表示驱动器的额定电压，I表示驱动器的输出电流，R表示驱动电机的驱动半径，n表示电机转速，g表示重力加速度，μ表示检查床运动时的摩擦系数；
驱动器根据检查床控制板下发的控制信号生成脉冲波形，并将脉冲波形输出到驱动电机，控制驱动电机转动，从而带动检查床进行水平运动；
工作站接收检查床控制板发送的被检查者体重值，并根据体重值调整扫描过程中的射线剂量。
进一步的，所述检查床控制板通过电子编码器采集驱动电机转速。
进一步的，所述检查床控制板通过CANOPEN协议读取驱动器的参数，所述参数包括：额定电压、输出电流。
进一步的，所述检查床控制板通过自定义CAN总线协议与工作站交互数据。
有益效果：与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下优势：
本发明可实现CT扫描过程中根据病人的不同***获取不同的等效体重数值，进而调整射线剂量，使得扫描图像更清晰，病人受到的射线更小更合理。
附图说明
图1为本发明涉及的CT***中射线剂量的控制***的一个实施例结构图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作更进一步的说明。但应当理解的是，本发明可以以各种形式实施，以下在附图中出示并且在下文中描述的一些示例性和非限制性实施例，并不意图将本发明限制于所说明的具体实施例。
本实施例给出根据本发明的一种CT***中射线剂量的控制方法的一种实施方式，所述CT***包括检查床、驱动器、驱动电机，驱动电机根据驱动器输出的脉冲驱动检查床水平运动；该方法包括以下步骤：
(1)构建被检查者等效体重与驱动器输出电流之间的关系式：
Figure PCTCN2020108834-appb-000004
其中，U表示驱动器的额定电压，I表示驱动器的输出电流，R表示驱动电机的驱动半径，n表示电机转速，g表示重力加速度，μ表示检查床运动时的摩擦系数；
(2)在检查过程中，当检查床做匀速运动时，读取驱动器参数，包括额定电压、输出电流，以及读取驱动电机的转速；然后，根据公式
Figure PCTCN2020108834-appb-000005
计算当前被检查者的等效体重，然后根据计算出的体重m调整射线剂量。
根据等效体重调整射线剂量的具体方法为：等效体重越大表示相同人体部位经过同一个位置的时间越长，此时需要增加剂量以保证扫描数据的准确性；反之，等效体重越小，就表明病人在整个扫描过程中在这个位置停留的时间越少，使用较少的剂量就能穿透相同的组织，此时就可以减少射线剂量，避免病人承受过多的射线扫描。而具体调整剂量 的多少，要根据扫描是所采用的的具体扫描协议来决定，或者根据医生的经验决定。
在步骤(1)中，具体地说，公式
Figure PCTCN2020108834-appb-000006
的推导原理为：
公式一：P＝FV，其中，P表示驱动器的输出功率，F表示驱动电机施加给检查床的力，V表示检查床的移动速度(也即驱动电机的线速度)。
公式二：T＝FR，其中，T表示驱动电机的转矩，R表示驱动电机的作用半径，由于在检查床床板是水平运动，所以可得：F＝mgμ，μ是检查床运动时的摩擦系数。
公式三：V＝2πRn，其中，n表示驱动电机转速。
公式四：P＝UI，其中，U表示额定电压，I表示输出电流。
由以上四个公式可得到被检查者等效体重与驱动器输出电流之间的关系式：
Figure PCTCN2020108834-appb-000007
在步骤(2)中，具体地说，当读取驱动器参数，包括额定电压、输出电流，以及读取驱动电机的转速后，即可得到U、I、n的值，而驱动电机的作用半径R与驱动电机型号有关，为已知参数，圆周率π和重力加速度g均为常数，μ为预先通过实验可得到的摩擦力系数，因此，此时只要将U、I、n代入公式
Figure PCTCN2020108834-appb-000008
即可计算出等效体重值。
本发明还提出一种CT***中射线剂量的控制***。图1示出了根据本发明的一种CT***中射线剂量的控制***的实施例的示意性框图。如图1所示，一种CT***中射线剂量的控制***包括：检查床、检查床控制板、驱动器、驱动电机、工作站；其中，
检查床控制板提供用户交互窗口，根据用户输入的检查床运动控制参数生成驱动器的控制信号；以及，读取驱动器参数和驱动电机的转速，根据读取到的数据计算被检查者体重并发送给工作站；计算被检查者等效体重的公式为：
Figure PCTCN2020108834-appb-000009
其中，U表示驱动器的额定电压，I表示驱动器的输出电流，R表示驱动电机的驱动半径，n表示电机转速，g表示重力加速度，μ表示检查床运动时的摩擦系数；
驱动器根据检查床控制板下发的控制信号生成脉冲波形，并将脉冲波形输出到驱动电机，控制驱动电机转动，从而带动检查床进行水平运动；
工作站接收检查床控制板发送的被检查者等效体重值，并根据等效体重值调整扫描过程中的射线剂量。
优选的，所述检查床控制板通过电子编码器采集驱动电机转速。
优选的，所述检查床控制板通过CANOPEN协议读取驱动器的参数，所述参数包括：额定电压、输出电流。
优选的，所述检查床控制板通过自定义CAN总线协议与工作站交互数据。
应当理解的是，在技术上可行的情况下，以上针对不同实施例所列举的技术特征可以相互组合，从而形成本发明范围内的另外的实施例。此外，本发明所述的特定示例和实施例是非限制性的，并且可以对以上所阐述的结构、步骤、顺序做出相应修改而不脱离本发明的保护范围。
上述实施例，特别是任何“优选”实施例，是实施方式的可能示例，并且仅仅为了清楚理解本发明的原理而提出。在基本上不脱离本发明描述的技术的精神和原理的情况下，可以对上述实施例做出许多变化和修改，这些变化和修改也应视为本发明的保护范围。

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  1. 一种CT***中射线剂量的控制方法，其特征在于，所述CT***包括检查床、驱动器、驱动电机，驱动电机根据驱动器输出的脉冲驱动检查床进行水平运动；
    所述控制方法包括步骤：
    (1)构建被检查者等效体重与驱动器输出电流之间的关系式：
    Figure PCTCN2020108834-appb-100001
    其中，m表示被检查者的等效体重，U表示驱动器的额定电压，I表示驱动器的输出电流，R表示驱动电机的驱动半径，n表示电机转速，g表示重力加速度，μ表示检查床运动时的摩擦系数；
    (2)在检查过程中，当检查床做匀速运动时，读取驱动器参数，包括额定电压、输出电流，以及读取驱动电机的转速；然后，根据公式
    Figure PCTCN2020108834-appb-100002
    计算当前被检查者的等效体重，然后根据计算出的m调整射线剂量。
  2. 一种CT***中射线剂量的控制***，其特征在于，包括：检查床、检查床控制板、驱动器、驱动电机、工作站；其中，
    检查床控制板提供用户交互窗口，根据用户输入的检查床运动控制参数生成驱动器的控制信号；以及，读取驱动器参数和驱动电机的转速，根据读取到的数据计算被检查者等效体重并发送给工作站；计算被检查者等效体重的公式为：
    Figure PCTCN2020108834-appb-100003
    其中，U表示驱动器的额定电压，I表示驱动器的输出电流，R表示驱动电机的驱动半径，n表示电机转速，g表示重力加速度，μ表示检查床运动时的摩擦系数；
    驱动器根据检查床控制板下发的控制信号生成脉冲波形，并将脉冲波形输出到驱动电机，控制驱动电机转动，从而带动检查床进行水平运动；
    工作站接收检查床控制板发送的被检查者体重值，并根据体重值调整扫描过程中的射线剂量。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种CT***中射线剂量的控制***，其特征在于，所述检查床控制板通过电子编码器采集驱动电机转速。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的一种CT***中射线剂量的控制***，其特征在于，所述检查床控制板通过CANOPEN协议读取驱动器的参数，所述参数包括：额定电压、输出电流。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的一种CT***中射线剂量的控制***，其特征在于，所述检查床控制板通过自定义CAN总线协议与工作站交互数据。
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