WO2021109633A1 - Particle swarm algorithm-based shielding failure trip-out rate evaluation method for power transmission line - Google Patents
Particle swarm algorithm-based shielding failure trip-out rate evaluation method for power transmission line Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021109633A1 WO2021109633A1 PCT/CN2020/111681 CN2020111681W WO2021109633A1 WO 2021109633 A1 WO2021109633 A1 WO 2021109633A1 CN 2020111681 W CN2020111681 W CN 2020111681W WO 2021109633 A1 WO2021109633 A1 WO 2021109633A1
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- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
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- the invention belongs to the field of analysis of lightning resistance performance of power systems, in particular to a method for evaluating the lightning shielding trip rate of transmission lines based on particle swarm algorithm.
- Lightning transmission line faults are the main problem that affects the safe transportation of the power system.
- the tripping accidents caused by the transmission and distribution network occur frequently. With the increasing complexity of the transmission line topology, the lightning trip accidents have become more and more not to be ignored. According to statistics, power transmission Line lightning trip accidents account for more than 60% of transmission line accidents. For special areas such as northwest mountainous areas, due to the special geographical structure and variable climatic conditions, shielding tripping has become the main cause of line faults in this section. At present, solving the shielding tripping failure of transmission lines is still a world-class problem.
- the main problem for the shielding failure rate of transmission lines at home and abroad lies in its evaluation and determination of its influencing factors.
- a test and evaluation method for the lightning shielding failure rate to obtain the influencing factors of the shielding failure rate.
- reduce the line trip rate reduce the line trip rate, and improve the safety and stability of the power system.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a method for evaluating the lightning shielding trip rate of transmission lines based on particle swarm algorithm, including a more accurate test platform for the lightning shielding trip rate of transmission lines based on particle swarm algorithm.
- a particle swarm algorithm-based method for the lightning shielding trip rate of transmission lines including an impulse voltage generator, a data measurement and analysis control module, a wireless current sensor, a coaxial cable, the first base tower, and the second base tower.
- the third base tower lightning protection line 1, lightning protection line 2, A-phase line, B-phase line, C-phase line;
- the output end of the impulse voltage generator is connected to the C-phase line of the first base tower through a coaxial cable, and the wireless current sensor is sleeved on the coaxial cable;
- the first lightning protection line and the second lightning protection line respectively connect the first base tower, the second base tower, and the third base tower in series;
- the first base tower includes a tower main body, a phase A insulator string, a B phase insulator string, a C phase insulator string, a ground down conductor, a grounding device, and a sand pond; and a phase A insulator string.
- the two ends are connected to the tower main body 1 and the phase A line, the two ends of the B-phase insulator string connect the tower main body 1 and the B phase line respectively, and the two ends of the C-phase insulator string connect the tower main body 1 and the phase C line respectively;
- the tower main body one bottom Connect the grounding down conductor to the grounding device, and the grounding device is buried in the sand pond, and the sand pond is filled with soil with high soil resistivity;
- the second base pole tower includes two pole tower main bodies, two A-phase insulator strings, two B-phase insulator strings, two C-phase insulator strings, two grounding down conductors, and two grounding devices; the two ends of the two phase A insulator strings are respectively Connect the tower main body 2 with the phase A line, the two ends of the B-phase insulator string connect the tower main body 2 and the phase B line respectively, and the two ends of the C-phase insulator string connect the tower main body 2 and the phase C line respectively; the bottom of the tower main body 2 is connected by grounding The second line is connected to the second grounding device, and the second grounding device is buried in the soil;
- the third base tower includes a tower main body three, A-phase insulator string three, B-phase insulator string three, C-phase insulator string three, grounding down conductor three, and grounding device three; the three ends of the A-phase insulator string are respectively Connect the tower main body 3 with the phase A line, the three ends of the B-phase insulator string connect the tower main body 3 and the B-phase line respectively, and the three ends of the C-phase insulator string connect the tower main body 3 and the C-phase line respectively; the bottom of the tower main body 3 is guided by grounding Downline 3 is connected to grounding device 3, and grounding device 3 is buried in the soil;
- the data measurement analysis control module includes a high-voltage differential probe one, a high-voltage differential probe two, a high-voltage differential probe three, a data collector, a wireless receiving module, a host computer, and a signal controller; wherein the high-voltage differential probe one, the high-voltage differential probe 2.
- High-voltage differential probe 3 is connected to the two ends of A-phase insulator string 1, B-phase insulator string 1, and C-phase insulator string 1, and connected to the upper computer through the data collector; the wireless receiving module collects the current collected by the wireless current sensor Transmitted to the upper computer; the upper computer changes the output voltage of the impulse voltage generator through the control signal controller.
- test steps are as follows:
- step S2 For different wire radii, change the wire radius of the transmission line, starting from 8mm, take a wire radius every 0.5mm, and repeat step S1 to measure the lightning protection level of shielding strike under the transmission wire radius;
- Z 0 is the wave impedance of the lightning channel
- h b is the height of the side-phase conductor
- l j is the length of the insulator string
- ⁇ 0 is the magnetic permeability in vacuum
- ⁇ 0 is the dielectric constant of the vacuum
- m is Error coefficient
- ⁇ is the integral variable
- r is the radius of the wire
- S4 The particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to optimize the theoretical calculation formula of the lightning resistance level of shielding strike, and calculate the value of m that minimizes the error between the measured value of the lightning resistance level of shielding strike and the theoretical value;
- R is the shielding trip rate
- ⁇ is the protection angle of the opposite phase conductor of the lightning protection line
- h g is the height of the tower
- M is the number of lightning days per year
- H b is the height of the connection between the lightning protection line and the tower
- h arc is the lightning protection line Sag
- D is the distance between lightning conductors
- L xj is the flashover distance of the insulator string
- U 1 is the rated voltage of the line.
- step S1 is:
- step S4 is:
- g(m) represents the objective function
- I i is the theoretical calculation value of the lightning resistance level of shielding strike under the condition of the i-th wire radius
- I ci is the actual measurement of the lightning resistance level of shielding strike under the condition of the i-th soil resistivity Value
- n is the number of measured data sets of the lightning protection level of shielding strike
- step 5 If the stop condition is met, stop the search and output the search result, otherwise return to step 2);
- m 0 is the optimized error coefficient
- Ir is the optimized lightning resistance level of shielding strike.
- the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: taking into account the influence of different soil resistivity on the lightning resistance level of the line; the lightning trip rate of the line can be directly obtained through the method of actual measurement and calculation; Operation and control, easy to operate, intelligent, safe and reliable, and universally applicable to lightning resistance level testing.
- Figure 1 is a structural diagram of the test platform of the present invention.
- the platform includes an impulse voltage generator 11, a data measurement and analysis control module 17, a wireless current sensor 7, and the same Shaft cable 24, first base tower 21, second base tower 22, third base tower 23, lightning line one 81, lightning line two 82, phase A line 91, phase B line 92, phase C line 93;
- the output end of the impulse voltage generator 11 is connected to the C-phase line 93 of the first base pole 21 through a coaxial cable 24, and the wireless current sensor 7 is sleeved on the coaxial cable 24;
- the first lightning protection line 81 and the second lightning protection line 82 respectively connect the first base tower 21, the second base tower 22, and the third base tower 23 in series;
- the first base tower 21 includes a tower main body 101, a phase A insulator string 131, a B phase insulator string 132, a C phase insulator string 133, a ground down conductor 161, a grounding device 61, and a sand pool 5;
- the two ends of the A-phase insulator string one 131 are respectively connected to the tower main body 101 and the A-phase line 91, the B-phase insulator string one 132 two ends are respectively connected to the tower main body 101 and the B-phase line 92, and the C-phase insulator string one 133 is connected to both ends.
- the second base tower 22 includes a tower main body two 102, a phase A insulator string two 141, a B phase insulator string two 142, a C phase insulator string two 143, a ground down conductor two 162, a grounding device two 62;
- a phase insulator string Two ends of the two 141 are connected to the tower main body two 102 and the A phase line 91 respectively.
- the two ends of the B-phase insulator string two 142 are connected to the tower main body two 102 and the B phase line 92 respectively.
- the two ends of the C phase insulator string two 143 are connected to the tower main body two 102 respectively.
- With the C-phase line 93; the bottom of the second pole 102 of the tower is connected to the second grounding device 62 through the second ground down conductor 162, and the second grounding device 61 is buried in the soil;
- the third base tower 23 includes a tower main body three 103, A-phase insulator string three 151, B-phase insulator string three 152, C-phase insulator string three 153, ground down conductor three 163, grounding device three 63; A-phase insulator string
- the two ends of the three 151 are connected to the tower main body three 103 and the phase A line 91 respectively
- the two ends of the B phase insulator string three 152 are connected to the tower main body three 103 and the B phase line 92 respectively
- the two ends of the C-phase insulator string three 153 are respectively connected to the tower main body three 103 With the C-phase line 93
- the bottom of the tower main body three 103 is connected to the grounding device three 63 through the grounding down conductor three 163, and the grounding device three 63 is buried in the soil;
- the data measurement analysis control module 17 includes a high-voltage differential probe one 41, a high-voltage differential probe two 42, a high-voltage differential probe three 43, a data collector 3, a wireless receiving module 2, a host computer 1, a signal controller 12; among them, a high-voltage differential probe One 41.
- High-voltage differential probe two 42 and high-voltage differential probe three 43 are respectively connected to the two ends of A-phase insulator string one 131, B-phase insulator string one 132, and C-phase insulator string one 133, and connected to the upper position through data collector 3.
- the wireless receiving module 2 transmits the current collected by the wireless current sensor 7 to the upper computer 1; the upper computer 1 changes the output voltage of the impulse voltage generator 11 through the control signal controller 12.
- test steps are as follows:
- step S2 For different wire radii, change the wire radius of the transmission line, starting from 8mm, take a wire radius every 0.5mm, and repeat step S1 to measure the lightning protection level under the transmission wire radius;
- Z 0 is the wave impedance of the lightning channel
- h b is the height of the side-phase conductor
- l j is the length of the insulator string
- ⁇ 0 is the magnetic permeability in vacuum
- ⁇ 0 is the dielectric constant of the vacuum
- m is Error coefficient
- ⁇ is the integral variable
- r is the radius of the wire
- S4 The particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to optimize the theoretical calculation formula of the lightning resistance level of shielding strike, and calculate the value of m that minimizes the error between the measured value of the lightning resistance level of shielding strike and the theoretical value;
- R is the shielding trip rate
- ⁇ is the protection angle of the lightning protection line opposite the phase conductor
- h g is the height of the tower
- M is the number of lightning days per year
- I r is the lightning protection level of the shielding strike
- H b is the distance between the lightning protection line and the tower connection.
- Ground height, h arc is the sag of the lightning conductor
- D is the distance between the lightning conductor
- L xj is the flashover distance of the insulator string
- U 1 is the rated voltage of the line.
- step S1 The specific process of step S1 is:
- the lightning current at the top of the first base pole tower 21 is wirelessly transmitted to the wireless receiving module 2 and then to the host computer 1.
- the high-voltage differential probe 41, the high-voltage differential probe two 42, and the high-voltage differential probe three 43 respectively measure the phase A insulators.
- the overvoltage at both ends of string one 131, B-phase insulator string one 132, and C-phase insulator string one 133 are transmitted to the upper computer 1 through the data collector 3.
- the upper computer 1 controls the signal controller 12 to turn off the impulse voltage generator 11. And judge whether the A-phase insulator string one 131, the B-phase insulator string one 132, and the C-phase insulator string one 133 have flashover;
- the signal controller 12 If flashover occurs in the insulator string, the signal controller 12 reduces the amplitude of the lightning voltage output by the impulse voltage generator 11 by ⁇ U, turns on the impulse voltage generator 11 again, and repeats the above method until the insulator string is just all If no flashover occurs, the lightning current amplitude I c measured last time is used as the lightning protection level of shielding strike; if no flashover is found in the insulator string, the signal controller 12 makes the lightning voltage amplitude output by the impulse voltage generator 11 Increase the value by ⁇ U, turn on the impulse voltage generator 11 again, and repeat the above method until a flashover occurs in a certain insulator string, and the lightning current amplitude I c measured this time is used as the lightning protection level.
- step S4 The specific process of step S4 is:
- g(m) represents the objective function
- I i is the theoretical calculation value of the lightning resistance level of shielding strike under the condition of the i-th wire radius
- I ci is the actual measurement of the lightning resistance level of shielding strike under the condition of the i-th soil resistivity Value
- n is the number of measured data sets of the lightning protection level of shielding strike
- step 5 If the stop condition is met, stop the search and output the search result, otherwise return to step 2);
- m 0 is the optimized error coefficient
- Ir is the optimized lightning resistance level of shielding strike.
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Abstract
Provided is a particle swarm algorithm-based shielding failure trip-out rate evaluation method for a power transmission line. The method comprises: building a test platform, wherein the test platform comprises a surge voltage generator (11), a data measurement analysis control module (17), a wireless current sensor (7), a coaxial cable (24), a first base tower (21), a second base tower (22), a third base tower (23), a first lightning conductor (81), a second lightning conductor (82), an A-phase line (91), a B-phase line (92) and a C-phase line (93), and performing shielding failure trip-out rate evaluation on the basis of the established test platform; connecting the C-phase line (93) to the surge voltage generator (11); winding the wireless current sensor (7) around a connecting line of the surge voltage generator (11); feeding measured data back to the data measurement analysis control module (17) by means of the wireless current sensor (7); and optimizing a shielding failure lightning resistance level theoretical formula by means of a shielding failure lightning resistance level measured value and in combination with a particle swarm algorithm, and then obtaining a shielding failure trip-out rate. The evaluation method can be used to effectively calculate the shielding failure trip-out rate of a power transmission line under soil and climate conditions of northwest mountainous areas, thereby achieving safety shielding failure evaluation of a power transmission line and a tower structure.
Description
本发明属于电力***耐雷性能分析领域，特别是一种基于粒子群算法的输电线路雷电绕击跳闸率测评方法。The invention belongs to the field of analysis of lightning resistance performance of power systems, in particular to a method for evaluating the lightning shielding trip rate of transmission lines based on particle swarm algorithm.
雷击输电线路故障是影响电力***安全运输中的主要问题，其引起的输配电网跳闸事故频繁发生，随着输电线路拓补结构日趋复杂，雷击跳闸事故变得愈发不可忽视，据统计，输电线路的雷击跳闸事故占输电线路事故的60％以上。对于西北山区等特殊地段，由于地理结构特殊，气候条件多变，绕击跳闸已成为该地段线路故障的主要原因，目前而言，解决输电线路绕击跳闸故障仍是一项世界级难题。Lightning transmission line faults are the main problem that affects the safe transportation of the power system. The tripping accidents caused by the transmission and distribution network occur frequently. With the increasing complexity of the transmission line topology, the lightning trip accidents have become more and more not to be ignored. According to statistics, power transmission Line lightning trip accidents account for more than 60% of transmission line accidents. For special areas such as northwest mountainous areas, due to the special geographical structure and variable climatic conditions, shielding tripping has become the main cause of line faults in this section. At present, solving the shielding tripping failure of transmission lines is still a world-class problem.
目前国内外针对输电线路绕击跳闸率的主要问题在于对其测评与确定其影响因素，迫切的需要一种雷电绕击跳闸率的试验与测评方法，由此得到绕击跳闸率的影响因素，从而确定应该从哪一方面对输电线路及杆塔进行改造，降低线路跳闸率，提升电力***安全稳定性。At present, the main problem for the shielding failure rate of transmission lines at home and abroad lies in its evaluation and determination of its influencing factors. There is an urgent need for a test and evaluation method for the lightning shielding failure rate to obtain the influencing factors of the shielding failure rate. In order to determine which aspect should be used to transform the transmission lines and towers, reduce the line trip rate, and improve the safety and stability of the power system.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种基于粒子群算法的输电线路雷电绕击跳闸率测评方法，包含一种较为精确的一种基于粒子群算法的输电线路雷电绕击跳闸率试验平台。The object of the present invention is to provide a method for evaluating the lightning shielding trip rate of transmission lines based on particle swarm algorithm, including a more accurate test platform for the lightning shielding trip rate of transmission lines based on particle swarm algorithm.
为了达到上述技术效果，本发明的技术方案如下：In order to achieve the above technical effects, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
一种基于粒子群算法的输电线路雷电绕击跳闸率方法，首先建立试验平台，包括冲击电压发生器、数据测量分析控制模块、无线电流传感器、同轴电缆、第一基杆塔、第二基杆塔、第三基杆塔、避雷线一、避雷线二、A相线路、B相线路、C相线路；A particle swarm algorithm-based method for the lightning shielding trip rate of transmission lines. First, a test platform is established, including an impulse voltage generator, a data measurement and analysis control module, a wireless current sensor, a coaxial cable, the first base tower, and the second base tower. , The third base tower, lightning protection line 1, lightning protection line 2, A-phase line, B-phase line, C-phase line;
所述冲击电压发生器的输出端通过同轴电缆连接至第一基杆塔的C相线路， 无线电流传感器套接在同轴电缆上；The output end of the impulse voltage generator is connected to the C-phase line of the first base tower through a coaxial cable, and the wireless current sensor is sleeved on the coaxial cable;
所述避雷线一、避雷线二分别将第一基杆塔、第二基杆塔、第三基杆塔串接起来；The first lightning protection line and the second lightning protection line respectively connect the first base tower, the second base tower, and the third base tower in series;
进一步地，所述第一基杆塔包括杆塔主体一、A相绝缘子串一、B相绝缘子串一、C相绝缘子串一、接地引下线一、接地装置一以及沙池；A相绝缘子串一两端分别连接杆塔主体一与A相线路，B相绝缘子串一两端分别连接杆塔主体一与B相线路，C相绝缘子串一两端分别连接杆塔主体一与C相线路；杆塔主体一底部通过接地引下线一连接到接地装置一上，接地装置一埋设在沙池中，并且沙池中装有高土壤电阻率的土壤；Further, the first base tower includes a tower main body, a phase A insulator string, a B phase insulator string, a C phase insulator string, a ground down conductor, a grounding device, and a sand pond; and a phase A insulator string. The two ends are connected to the tower main body 1 and the phase A line, the two ends of the B-phase insulator string connect the tower main body 1 and the B phase line respectively, and the two ends of the C-phase insulator string connect the tower main body 1 and the phase C line respectively; the tower main body one bottom Connect the grounding down conductor to the grounding device, and the grounding device is buried in the sand pond, and the sand pond is filled with soil with high soil resistivity;
进一步地，所述第二基杆塔包括杆塔主体二、A相绝缘子串二、B相绝缘子串二、C相绝缘子串二、接地引下线二、接地装置二；A相绝缘子串二两端分别连接杆塔主体二与A相线路，B相绝缘子串二两端分别连接杆塔主体二与B相线路，C相绝缘子串二两端分别连接杆塔主体二与C相线路；杆塔主体二底部通过接地引下线二连接到接地装置二上，接地装置二埋设在土壤中；Further, the second base pole tower includes two pole tower main bodies, two A-phase insulator strings, two B-phase insulator strings, two C-phase insulator strings, two grounding down conductors, and two grounding devices; the two ends of the two phase A insulator strings are respectively Connect the tower main body 2 with the phase A line, the two ends of the B-phase insulator string connect the tower main body 2 and the phase B line respectively, and the two ends of the C-phase insulator string connect the tower main body 2 and the phase C line respectively; the bottom of the tower main body 2 is connected by grounding The second line is connected to the second grounding device, and the second grounding device is buried in the soil;
进一步地，所述第三基杆塔包括杆塔主体三、A相绝缘子串三、B相绝缘子串三、C相绝缘子串三、接地引下线三、接地装置三；A相绝缘子串三两端分别连接杆塔主体三与A相线路，B相绝缘子串三两端分别连接杆塔主体三与B相线路，C相绝缘子串三两端分别连接杆塔主体三与C相线路；杆塔主体三底部通过接地引下线三连接到接地装置三上，接地装置三埋设在土壤中；Further, the third base tower includes a tower main body three, A-phase insulator string three, B-phase insulator string three, C-phase insulator string three, grounding down conductor three, and grounding device three; the three ends of the A-phase insulator string are respectively Connect the tower main body 3 with the phase A line, the three ends of the B-phase insulator string connect the tower main body 3 and the B-phase line respectively, and the three ends of the C-phase insulator string connect the tower main body 3 and the C-phase line respectively; the bottom of the tower main body 3 is guided by grounding Downline 3 is connected to grounding device 3, and grounding device 3 is buried in the soil;
进一步地，所述数据测量分析控制模块包含高压差分探头一、高压差分探头二、高压差分探头三、数据采集器、无线接收模块、上位机、信号控制器；其中高压差分探头一、高压差分探头二、高压差分探头三分别接在A相绝缘子串一、B相绝缘子串一、C相绝缘子串一的两端，并通过数据采集器连接到上位机上；无线接收模块将无线电流传感器采集的电流传输至上位机；上位机通过控制信号控制器改变冲击电压发生器的输出电压。Further, the data measurement analysis control module includes a high-voltage differential probe one, a high-voltage differential probe two, a high-voltage differential probe three, a data collector, a wireless receiving module, a host computer, and a signal controller; wherein the high-voltage differential probe one, the high-voltage differential probe 2. High-voltage differential probe 3 is connected to the two ends of A-phase insulator string 1, B-phase insulator string 1, and C-phase insulator string 1, and connected to the upper computer through the data collector; the wireless receiving module collects the current collected by the wireless current sensor Transmitted to the upper computer; the upper computer changes the output voltage of the impulse voltage generator through the control signal controller.
一种基于粒子群算法的输电线路雷电绕击跳闸率测评方法，基于所建立的试验平台，测试步骤如下：A method for measuring and evaluating the lightning shielding failure rate of transmission lines based on particle swarm optimization. Based on the established test platform, the test steps are as follows:
S1：模拟雷击C相线路，并进行绕击耐雷水平测试；S1: Simulate lightning strikes on the C-phase line and conduct a lightning shielding lightning resistance test;
S2：针对不同的导线半径，改变输电线路的导线半径，从8mm开始，每间隔0.5mm取一个导线半径，并重复进行步骤S1，测得该输电导线半径下的绕击 耐雷水平；S2: For different wire radii, change the wire radius of the transmission line, starting from 8mm, take a wire radius every 0.5mm, and repeat step S1 to measure the lightning protection level of shielding strike under the transmission wire radius;
S3：由下式计算不同输电线半径下，绕击耐雷水平理论值I：S3: Calculate the theoretical value of shielding lightning resistance level I under different transmission line radii from the following formula:
式(1)中，Z
0为雷电通道波阻抗，h
b为边相导线高度，l
j为绝缘子串长度，μ
0为真空中的磁导率，ε
0为真空的介电常数，m为误差系数，η为积分变量，r为导线半径；
In formula (1), Z 0 is the wave impedance of the lightning channel, h b is the height of the side-phase conductor, l j is the length of the insulator string, μ 0 is the magnetic permeability in vacuum, ε 0 is the dielectric constant of the vacuum, and m is Error coefficient, η is the integral variable, r is the radius of the wire;
S4：采用粒子群优化算法对绕击耐雷水平理论计算公式进行优化建模，计算出使绕击耐雷水平实测值与理论值误差最小的m值；S4: The particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to optimize the theoretical calculation formula of the lightning resistance level of shielding strike, and calculate the value of m that minimizes the error between the measured value of the lightning resistance level of shielding strike and the theoretical value;
S5：将得到的绕击耐雷水平带入如下公式计算绕击跳闸率：S5: Bring the obtained shielding lightning resistance level into the following formula to calculate the shielding trip rate:
R为绕击跳闸率，θ为避雷线对边相导线的保护角，h
g为杆塔高度，M为年落雷日数，H
b为避雷线与杆塔连接处的离地高度，h
arc为避雷线弧垂，D为避雷线间距，L
xj为绝缘子串闪络距离，U
1为线路额定电压。
R is the shielding trip rate, θ is the protection angle of the opposite phase conductor of the lightning protection line, h g is the height of the tower, M is the number of lightning days per year, H b is the height of the connection between the lightning protection line and the tower, and h arc is the lightning protection line Sag, D is the distance between lightning conductors, L xj is the flashover distance of the insulator string, and U 1 is the rated voltage of the line.
进一步地，所述步骤S1的具体过程是：Further, the specific process of the step S1 is:
1)、将双向触点的触头接至同轴电缆二，打开冲击电压发生器，输出幅值为U的雷电压至第一基杆塔的塔顶，无线电流传感器记录注入第一基杆塔塔顶的雷电流，并无线传输至无线接收模块，进而传输至上位机；同时高压差分探头一、高压差分探头二、高压差分探头三分别测量A相绝缘子串一、B相绝缘子串一、C相绝缘子串一两端的过电压，并通过数据采集器传输至上位机上，上位机控制信号控制器关闭冲击电压发生器，并判断A相绝缘子串一、B相绝缘子串一、C相绝缘子串一是否发生闪络；1). Connect the contact of the bidirectional contact to the coaxial cable 2. Turn on the impulse voltage generator, output the lightning voltage with amplitude U to the top of the first base tower, and the wireless current sensor records and injects into the first base tower. The lightning current at the top is wirelessly transmitted to the wireless receiving module, and then to the host computer; at the same time, high-voltage differential probe 1, high-voltage differential probe two, and high-voltage differential probe three measure phase A insulator string one, phase B insulator string one, and phase C respectively. The overvoltage at both ends of the insulator string is transmitted to the upper computer through the data collector. The upper computer controls the signal controller to turn off the impulse voltage generator, and judges whether the A-phase insulator string one, the B-phase insulator string one, and the C-phase insulator string one are Flashover occurred
2)、若有绝缘子串发生闪络，则通过信号控制器使冲击电压发生器输出的雷电压幅值减小ΔU，再次打开冲击电压发生器，重复上述方法，直到绝缘子串刚好都不发生闪络，则将前一次测得的雷电流幅值I
c作为绕击耐雷水平；若发现绝缘子串均未闪络，则通过信号控制器使冲击电压发生器输出的雷电压幅值增加ΔU，再次打开冲击电压发生器，重复上述方法，直到发现某一个绝缘子串刚好发生闪络，则将这一次测得的雷电流幅值I
c作为绕击耐雷水平。
2) If flashover occurs in the insulator string, reduce the amplitude of the lightning voltage output by the impulse voltage generator by ΔU through the signal controller, turn on the impulse voltage generator again, and repeat the above method until the insulator string just does not flash. network, then the last measured before the lightning current I c as about lightning strike tolerance level; if none found insulator string flashover, the controller causes the signal generator outputs the lightning impulse voltage increased voltage amplitude Delta] U, again Turn on the impulse voltage generator and repeat the above method until it is found that a certain insulator string just has a flashover, then the lightning current amplitude I c measured this time is used as the lightning protection level of the shielding strike.
进一步地，所述步骤S4的具体过程是：Further, the specific process of step S4 is:
1)、生成具有均匀分布的粒子和速度的初始总体，设置停止条件；1). Generate an initial population with uniformly distributed particles and speeds, and set stop conditions;
2)、按照式(3)计算目标函数值：2) Calculate the objective function value according to formula (3):
式(3)中，g(m)表示目标函数，I
i为第i个导线半径情况下的绕击耐雷水平理论计算值，I
ci为第i个土壤电阻率情况下的绕击耐雷水平实测值，n为绕击耐雷水平的实测数据组数；
In formula (3), g(m) represents the objective function, I i is the theoretical calculation value of the lightning resistance level of shielding strike under the condition of the i-th wire radius, and I ci is the actual measurement of the lightning resistance level of shielding strike under the condition of the i-th soil resistivity Value, n is the number of measured data sets of the lightning protection level of shielding strike;
3)、更新每个粒子的个体历史最优位置与整个群体的最优位置；3) Update the individual historical optimal position of each particle and the optimal position of the entire group;
4)、更新每个粒子的速度和位置；4) Update the speed and position of each particle;
5)、若满足停止条件，则停止搜索，输出搜索结果，否则返回第2)步；5). If the stop condition is met, stop the search and output the search result, otherwise return to step 2);
6)、根据优化得出最优值m
0代入以下公式(4)，为优化后的理论公式：
6) According to the optimization, the optimal value m 0 is substituted into the following formula (4), which is the optimized theoretical formula:
式(4)中，m
0为优化过后的误差系数，I
r为优化后的绕击耐雷水平。
In formula (4), m 0 is the optimized error coefficient, and Ir is the optimized lightning resistance level of shielding strike.
其中，不同输电线路导线半径的范围是：8mm<r<＝15mm。Among them, the range of the wire radius of different transmission lines is: 8mm<r<=15mm.
与现有技术相比，本发明技术方案的有益效果是：考虑到了土壤电阻率不同对线路耐雷水平的影响；可通过实测结合计算的方法直接得到线路的雷击跳闸率；通过上位机完成主要的操作与控制，操作方便智能，安全可靠，对耐雷水平的测试具有普适性。Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: taking into account the influence of different soil resistivity on the lightning resistance level of the line; the lightning trip rate of the line can be directly obtained through the method of actual measurement and calculation; Operation and control, easy to operate, intelligent, safe and reliable, and universally applicable to lightning resistance level testing.
图1为本发明试验平台的结构图。Figure 1 is a structural diagram of the test platform of the present invention.
附图仅用于示例性说明，不能理解为对本专利的限制；The attached drawings are only for illustrative purposes, and should not be understood as a limitation of this patent;
为了更好说明本实施例，附图某些部件会有省略、放大或缩小，并不代表实际产品的尺寸；In order to better illustrate this embodiment, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product;
对于本领域技术人员来说，附图中某些公知结构及其说明可能省略是可以理解的。For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures in the drawings and their descriptions may be omitted.
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明的技术方案做进一步的说明。The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.
实施例1Example 1
一种基于粒子群算法的输电线路绕击跳闸率测评方法，首先搭建了试验平台，如图1所示，该平台包括冲击电压发生器11、数据测量分析控制模块17、无线电流传感器7、同轴电缆24、第一基杆塔21、第二基杆塔22、第三基杆塔23、避雷线一81、避雷线二82、A相线路91、B相线路92、C相线路93；A method for evaluating the shielding failure rate of transmission lines based on particle swarm optimization. First, a test platform is built, as shown in Figure 1. The platform includes an impulse voltage generator 11, a data measurement and analysis control module 17, a wireless current sensor 7, and the same Shaft cable 24, first base tower 21, second base tower 22, third base tower 23, lightning line one 81, lightning line two 82, phase A line 91, phase B line 92, phase C line 93;
所述冲击电压发生器11的输出端通过同轴电缆24连接至第一基杆塔21的C相线路93，无线电流传感器7套接在同轴电缆24上；The output end of the impulse voltage generator 11 is connected to the C-phase line 93 of the first base pole 21 through a coaxial cable 24, and the wireless current sensor 7 is sleeved on the coaxial cable 24;
所述避雷线一81、避雷线二82分别将第一基杆塔21、第二基杆塔22、第三基杆塔23串接起来；The first lightning protection line 81 and the second lightning protection line 82 respectively connect the first base tower 21, the second base tower 22, and the third base tower 23 in series;
所述第一基杆塔21包括杆塔主体一101、A相绝缘子串一131、B相绝缘子串一132、C相绝缘子串一133、接地引下线一161、接地装置一61以及沙池5；A相绝缘子串一131两端分别连接杆塔主体一101与A相线路91，B相绝缘子串一132两端分别连接杆塔主体一101与B相线路92，C相绝缘子串一133两端分别连接杆塔主体一101与C相线路93；杆塔主体一101底部通过接地引下线一161连接到接地装置一61上，接地装置一61埋设在沙池5中，并且沙池5中装有高土壤电阻率的土壤18；The first base tower 21 includes a tower main body 101, a phase A insulator string 131, a B phase insulator string 132, a C phase insulator string 133, a ground down conductor 161, a grounding device 61, and a sand pool 5; The two ends of the A-phase insulator string one 131 are respectively connected to the tower main body 101 and the A-phase line 91, the B-phase insulator string one 132 two ends are respectively connected to the tower main body 101 and the B-phase line 92, and the C-phase insulator string one 133 is connected to both ends. Tower main body 101 and phase C line 93; the bottom of main pole 101 is connected to grounding device 61 through grounding down conductor 161, grounding device 61 is buried in sand pond 5, and sand pond 5 is filled with high soil Resistivity of soil 18;
所述第二基杆塔22包括杆塔主体二102、A相绝缘子串二141、B相绝缘子串二142、C相绝缘子串二143、接地引下线二162、接地装置二62；A相绝缘子串二141两端分别连接杆塔主体二102与A相线路91，B相绝缘子串二142两端分别连接杆塔主体二102与B相线路92，C相绝缘子串二143两端分别连接杆塔主体二102与C相线路93；杆塔主体二102底部通过接地引下线二162连接到接地装置二62上，接地装置二61埋设在土壤中；The second base tower 22 includes a tower main body two 102, a phase A insulator string two 141, a B phase insulator string two 142, a C phase insulator string two 143, a ground down conductor two 162, a grounding device two 62; A phase insulator string Two ends of the two 141 are connected to the tower main body two 102 and the A phase line 91 respectively. The two ends of the B-phase insulator string two 142 are connected to the tower main body two 102 and the B phase line 92 respectively. The two ends of the C phase insulator string two 143 are connected to the tower main body two 102 respectively. With the C-phase line 93; the bottom of the second pole 102 of the tower is connected to the second grounding device 62 through the second ground down conductor 162, and the second grounding device 61 is buried in the soil;
所述第三基杆塔23包括杆塔主体三103、A相绝缘子串三151、B相绝缘子串三152、C相绝缘子串三153、接地引下线三163、接地装置三63；A相绝缘子串三151两端分别连接杆塔主体三103与A相线路91，B相绝缘子串三152两端分别连接杆塔主体三103与B相线路92，C相绝缘子串三153两端分别连接杆塔主体三103与C相线路93；杆塔主体三103底部通过接地引下线三163连接到接地装置三63上，接地装置三63埋设在土壤中；The third base tower 23 includes a tower main body three 103, A-phase insulator string three 151, B-phase insulator string three 152, C-phase insulator string three 153, ground down conductor three 163, grounding device three 63; A-phase insulator string The two ends of the three 151 are connected to the tower main body three 103 and the phase A line 91 respectively, the two ends of the B phase insulator string three 152 are connected to the tower main body three 103 and the B phase line 92 respectively, and the two ends of the C-phase insulator string three 153 are respectively connected to the tower main body three 103 With the C-phase line 93; the bottom of the tower main body three 103 is connected to the grounding device three 63 through the grounding down conductor three 163, and the grounding device three 63 is buried in the soil;
所述数据测量分析控制模块17包含高压差分探头一41、高压差分探头二42、高压差分探头三43、数据采集器3、无线接收模块2、上位机1、信号控制器12； 其中高压差分探头一41、高压差分探头二42、高压差分探头三43分别接在A相绝缘子串一131、B相绝缘子串一132、C相绝缘子串一133的两端，并通过数据采集器3连接到上位机1上；无线接收模块2将无线电流传感器7采集的电流传输至上位机1；上位机1通过控制信号控制器12改变冲击电压发生器11的输出电压。The data measurement analysis control module 17 includes a high-voltage differential probe one 41, a high-voltage differential probe two 42, a high-voltage differential probe three 43, a data collector 3, a wireless receiving module 2, a host computer 1, a signal controller 12; among them, a high-voltage differential probe One 41. High-voltage differential probe two 42 and high-voltage differential probe three 43 are respectively connected to the two ends of A-phase insulator string one 131, B-phase insulator string one 132, and C-phase insulator string one 133, and connected to the upper position through data collector 3. The wireless receiving module 2 transmits the current collected by the wireless current sensor 7 to the upper computer 1; the upper computer 1 changes the output voltage of the impulse voltage generator 11 through the control signal controller 12.
实施例2Example 2
一种基于粒子群算法的输电线路绕击跳闸率测评方法，基于所建的试验平台，测试步骤如下：A method for evaluating the shielding failure rate of transmission lines based on particle swarm algorithm. Based on the built test platform, the test steps are as follows:
S1：模拟雷击C相线路93，并进行绕击耐雷水平测试；S1: Simulate lightning strike to phase C line 93, and carry out shielding strike lightning resistance level test;
S2：针对不同的导线半径，改变输电线路的导线半径，从8mm开始，每间隔0.5mm取一个导线半径，并重复进行步骤S1，测得该输电导线半径下的绕击耐雷水平；S2: For different wire radii, change the wire radius of the transmission line, starting from 8mm, take a wire radius every 0.5mm, and repeat step S1 to measure the lightning protection level under the transmission wire radius;
S3：由下式计算不同输电线宽度下，绕击耐雷水平理论值I：S3: Calculate the theoretical value of shielding lightning resistance level I for different transmission line widths from the following formula:
式(5)中，Z
0为雷电通道波阻抗，h
b为边相导线高度，l
j为绝缘子串长度，μ
0为真空中的磁导率，ε
0为真空的介电常数，m为误差系数，η为积分变量，r为导线半径；
In formula (5), Z 0 is the wave impedance of the lightning channel, h b is the height of the side-phase conductor, l j is the length of the insulator string, μ 0 is the magnetic permeability in vacuum, ε 0 is the dielectric constant of the vacuum, and m is Error coefficient, η is the integral variable, r is the radius of the wire;
S4：采用粒子群优化算法对绕击耐雷水平理论计算公式进行优化建模，计算出使绕击耐雷水平实测值与理论值误差最小的m值；S4: The particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to optimize the theoretical calculation formula of the lightning resistance level of shielding strike, and calculate the value of m that minimizes the error between the measured value of the lightning resistance level of shielding strike and the theoretical value;
S5：将得到的绕击耐雷水平带入如下公式计算绕击跳闸率：S5: Bring the obtained shielding lightning resistance level into the following formula to calculate the shielding trip rate:
R为绕击跳闸率，θ为避雷线对边相导线的保护角，h
g为杆塔高度，M为年落雷日数，I
r为绕击耐雷水平，H
b为避雷线与杆塔连接处的离地高度，h
arc为避雷线弧垂，D为避雷线间距，L
xj为绝缘子串闪络距离，U
1为线路额定电压。
R is the shielding trip rate, θ is the protection angle of the lightning protection line opposite the phase conductor, h g is the height of the tower, M is the number of lightning days per year, I r is the lightning protection level of the shielding strike, and H b is the distance between the lightning protection line and the tower connection. Ground height, h arc is the sag of the lightning conductor, D is the distance between the lightning conductor, L xj is the flashover distance of the insulator string, and U 1 is the rated voltage of the line.
步骤S1的具体过程是：The specific process of step S1 is:
1)、将双向触点8的触头接至同轴电缆二9，打开冲击电压发生器11，输出幅值为U的雷电压至第一基杆塔21的塔顶，无线电流传感器7记录注入第一基 杆塔21塔顶的雷电流，并无线传输至无线接收模块2，进而传输至上位机1；同时高压差分探头一41、高压差分探头二42、高压差分探头三43分别测量A相绝缘子串一131、B相绝缘子串一132、C相绝缘子串一133两端的过电压，并通过数据采集器3传输至上位机1上，上位机1控制信号控制器12关闭冲击电压发生器11，并判断A相绝缘子串一131、B相绝缘子串一132、C相绝缘子串一133是否发生闪络；1). Connect the contact of the bidirectional contact 8 to the coaxial cable 2, turn on the impulse voltage generator 11, output the lightning voltage with amplitude U to the top of the first base tower 21, and the wireless current sensor 7 records the injection The lightning current at the top of the first base pole tower 21 is wirelessly transmitted to the wireless receiving module 2 and then to the host computer 1. At the same time, the high-voltage differential probe 41, the high-voltage differential probe two 42, and the high-voltage differential probe three 43 respectively measure the phase A insulators. The overvoltage at both ends of string one 131, B-phase insulator string one 132, and C-phase insulator string one 133 are transmitted to the upper computer 1 through the data collector 3. The upper computer 1 controls the signal controller 12 to turn off the impulse voltage generator 11. And judge whether the A-phase insulator string one 131, the B-phase insulator string one 132, and the C-phase insulator string one 133 have flashover;
2)、若有绝缘子串发生闪络，则通过信号控制器12使冲击电压发生器11输出的雷电压幅值减小ΔU，再次打开冲击电压发生器11，重复上述方法，直到绝缘子串刚好都不发生闪络，则将前一次测得的雷电流幅值I
c作为绕击耐雷水平；若发现绝缘子串均未闪络，则通过信号控制器12使冲击电压发生器11输出的雷电压幅值增加ΔU，再次打开冲击电压发生器11，重复上述方法，直到发现某一个绝缘子串刚好发生闪络，则将这一次测得的雷电流幅值I
c作为绕击耐雷水平。
2) If flashover occurs in the insulator string, the signal controller 12 reduces the amplitude of the lightning voltage output by the impulse voltage generator 11 by ΔU, turns on the impulse voltage generator 11 again, and repeats the above method until the insulator string is just all If no flashover occurs, the lightning current amplitude I c measured last time is used as the lightning protection level of shielding strike; if no flashover is found in the insulator string, the signal controller 12 makes the lightning voltage amplitude output by the impulse voltage generator 11 Increase the value by ΔU, turn on the impulse voltage generator 11 again, and repeat the above method until a flashover occurs in a certain insulator string, and the lightning current amplitude I c measured this time is used as the lightning protection level.
步骤S4的具体过程是：The specific process of step S4 is:
1)、生成具有均匀分布的粒子和速度的初始总体，设置停止条件；1). Generate an initial population with uniformly distributed particles and speeds, and set stop conditions;
2)、按照式(3)计算目标函数值：2) Calculate the objective function value according to formula (3):
式(7)中，g(m)表示目标函数，I
i为第i个导线半径情况下的绕击耐雷水平理论计算值，I
ci为第i个土壤电阻率情况下的绕击耐雷水平实测值，n为绕击耐雷水平的实测数据组数；
In formula (7), g(m) represents the objective function, I i is the theoretical calculation value of the lightning resistance level of shielding strike under the condition of the i-th wire radius, and I ci is the actual measurement of the lightning resistance level of shielding strike under the condition of the i-th soil resistivity Value, n is the number of measured data sets of the lightning protection level of shielding strike;
3)、更新每个粒子的个体历史最优位置与整个群体的最优位置；3) Update the individual historical optimal position of each particle and the optimal position of the entire group;
4)、更新每个粒子的速度和位置；4) Update the speed and position of each particle;
5)、若满足停止条件，则停止搜索，输出搜索结果，否则返回第2)步；5). If the stop condition is met, stop the search and output the search result, otherwise return to step 2);
6)、根据优化得出最优值m
0代入以下公式(8)，为优化后的理论公式：
6) According to the optimization, the optimal value m 0 is substituted into the following formula (8), which is the optimized theoretical formula:
式(8)中，m
0为优化过后的误差系数，I
r为优化后的绕击耐雷水平。
In formula (8), m 0 is the optimized error coefficient, and Ir is the optimized lightning resistance level of shielding strike.
相同或相似的标号对应相同或相似的部件；The same or similar reference numbers correspond to the same or similar parts;
附图中描述位置关系的用于仅用于示例性说明，不能理解为对本专利的限制；The description of the positional relationship in the drawings is only for illustrative purposes, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the patent;
显然，本发明的上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明所作的举例，而并非是对本发明的实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。Obviously, the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are merely examples to clearly illustrate the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other changes or modifications in different forms can be made on the basis of the above description. It is unnecessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
- 一种基于粒子群算法的输电线路绕击跳闸率测评方法，其特征在于，首先建立一种基于粒子群算法的输电线路绕击跳闸率试验平台，该试验平台包括冲击电压发生器(11)、数据测量分析控制模块(17)、无线电流传感器(7)、同轴电缆(24)、第一基杆塔(21)、第二基杆塔(22)、第三基杆塔(23)、避雷线一(81)、避雷线二(82)、A相线路(91)、B相线路(92)、C相线路(93)；A method for measuring and evaluating the shielding failure rate of transmission lines based on particle swarm algorithm is characterized by first establishing a test platform for the shielding failure rate of transmission lines based on particle swarm algorithm. The test platform includes an impulse voltage generator (11), Data measurement analysis control module (17), wireless current sensor (7), coaxial cable (24), first base tower (21), second base tower (22), third base tower (23), lightning protection cable 1 (81), Lightning line two (82), A-phase line (91), B-phase line (92), C-phase line (93);所述冲击电压发生器(11)的输出端通过同轴电缆(24)连接至第一基杆塔(21)的C相线路(93)，无线电流传感器(7)套接在同轴电缆(24)上；The output end of the impulse voltage generator (11) is connected to the C-phase line (93) of the first base pole (21) through a coaxial cable (24), and the wireless current sensor (7) is sleeved on the coaxial cable (24). )on;所述避雷线一(81)、避雷线二(82)分别将第一基杆塔(21)、第二基杆塔(22)、第三基杆塔(23)串接起来；The first lightning protection line (81) and the second lightning protection line (82) respectively connect the first base tower (21), the second base tower (22), and the third base tower (23) in series;所述的试验平台第一基杆塔(21)包括杆塔主体一(101)、A相绝缘子串一(131)、B相绝缘子串一(132)、C相绝缘子串一(133)、接地引下线一(161)、接地装置一(61)以及沙池(5)；A相绝缘子串一(131)两端分别连接杆塔主体一(101)与A相线路(91)，B相绝缘子串一(132)两端分别连接杆塔主体一(101)与B相线路(92)，C相绝缘子串一(133)两端分别连接杆塔主体一(101)与C相线路(93)；杆塔主体一(101)底部通过接地引下线一(161)连接到接地装置一(61)上，接地装置一(61)埋设在沙池(5)中，并且沙池(5)中装有高土壤电阻率的土壤(18)；The first base pole tower (21) of the test platform includes a pole tower body one (101), a phase A insulator string one (131), a B phase insulator string one (132), a C phase insulator string one (133), and a ground lead Line one (161), grounding device one (61) and sand pool (5); the two ends of the A-phase insulator string one (131) are respectively connected to the tower main body one (101) and the A-phase line (91), and the B-phase insulator string one (132) The two ends are respectively connected to the tower main body (101) and the B-phase line (92), the C-phase insulator string one (133) is connected to the tower main body (101) and the C-phase line (93) at both ends; the tower main body one (101) and the C-phase line (93) The bottom of (101) is connected to grounding device one (61) through grounding down conductor one (161), grounding device one (61) is buried in sand pond (5), and the sand pond (5) is equipped with high soil resistance Rate of soil (18);所述的试验平台第二基杆塔(22)包括杆塔主体二(102)、A相绝缘子串二(141)、B相绝缘子串二(142)、C相绝缘子串二(143)、接地引下线二(162)、接地装置二(62)；A相绝缘子串二(141)两端分别连接杆塔主体二(102)与A相线路(91)，B相绝缘子串二(142)两端分别连接杆塔主体二(102)与B相线路(92)，C相绝缘子串二(143)两端分别连接杆塔主体二(102)与C相线路(93)；杆塔主体二(102)底部通过接地引下线二(162)连接到接地装置二(62)上，接地装置二(62)埋设在土壤中；The second base pole tower (22) of the test platform includes two pole tower main bodies (102), two phase A insulator strings (141), two phase B insulator strings (142), two phase C insulator strings (143), and a ground lead Line two (162), grounding device two (62); the two ends of the A-phase insulator string (141) are respectively connected to the tower main body two (102) and the A-phase line (91), and the two ends of the B-phase insulator string (142) are respectively connected Connect the tower main body two (102) with the B-phase line (92), and the two ends of the C-phase insulator string (143) are respectively connected to the tower main body two (102) and the C-phase line (93); the bottom of the tower main body (102) is grounded The second down conductor (162) is connected to the second grounding device (62), and the second grounding device (62) is buried in the soil;所述的试验平台第三基杆塔(23)包括杆塔主体三(103)、A相绝缘子串三(151)、B相绝缘子串三(152)、C相绝缘子串三(153)、接地引下线三(163)、接地装置三(63)；A相绝缘子串三(151)两端分别连接杆塔主体三(103)与A相线路(91)，B相绝缘子串三(152)两端分别连接杆塔主体三(103)与B 相线路(92)，C相绝缘子串三(153)两端分别连接杆塔主体三(103)与C相线路(93)；杆塔主体三(103)底部通过接地引下线三(163)连接到接地装置三(63)上，接地装置三(63)埋设在土壤中；The third base pole tower (23) of the test platform includes three pole tower main body (103), A-phase insulator string three (151), B-phase insulator string three (152), C-phase insulator string three (153), ground lead Line three (163), grounding device three (63); the two ends of the A-phase insulator string three (151) are respectively connected to the tower main body three (103) and the A-phase line (91), and the B-phase insulator string three (152) ends respectively Connect the tower main body 3 (103) and the B-phase line (92), and the C-phase insulator string 3 (153) connects the tower main body 3 (103) and the C-phase line (93) at both ends; the bottom of the tower main body (103) is grounded The third down conductor (163) is connected to the third grounding device (63), and the third grounding device (63) is buried in the soil;所述的测试平台中数据测量分析控制模块(17)包含高压差分探头一(41)、高压差分探头二(42)、高压差分探头三(43)、数据采集器(3)、无线接收模块(2)、上位机(1)、信号控制器(12)；其中高压差分探头一(41)、高压差分探头二(42)、高压差分探头三(43)分别接在A相绝缘子串一(131)、B相绝缘子串一(132)、C相绝缘子串一(133)的两端，并通过数据采集器(3)连接到上位机(1)上；无线接收模块(2)将无线电流传感器(7)采集的电流传输至上位机(1)；上位机(1)通过控制信号控制器(12)改变冲击电压发生器(11)的输出电压。The data measurement analysis control module (17) in the test platform includes a high-voltage differential probe one (41), a high-voltage differential probe two (42), a high-voltage differential probe three (43), a data collector (3), and a wireless receiving module ( 2) Host computer (1), signal controller (12); among them, high-voltage differential probe one (41), high-voltage differential probe two (42), and high-voltage differential probe three (43) are respectively connected to phase A insulator string one (131) ), B-phase insulator string one (132), C-phase insulator string one (133), and connect to the upper computer (1) through the data collector (3); the wireless receiving module (2) connects the wireless current sensor (7) The collected current is transmitted to the upper computer (1); the upper computer (1) changes the output voltage of the impulse voltage generator (11) through the control signal controller (12).
- 根据权利要求1所述的基于粒子群算法的输电线路绕击跳闸率测评方法，其特征在于，步骤包括：The method for evaluating the shielding failure rate of transmission lines based on the particle swarm algorithm according to claim 1, wherein the steps include:S1：模拟雷击C相线路(93)，并进行绕击耐雷水平测试；S1: Simulate lightning strike to phase C line (93), and carry out shielding strike lightning resistance level test;S2：针对不同的导线半径，改变输电线路的导线半径，从8mm开始，每间隔0.5mm取一个导线半径，并重复进行步骤S1，测得不同输电导线半径下的绕击耐雷水平；S2: For different wire radii, change the wire radius of the transmission line, starting from 8mm, take a wire radius every 0.5mm, and repeat step S1 to measure the lightning protection level of shielding under different transmission wire radii;S3：由下式计算不同输电线半径下，绕击耐雷水平理论值I：S3: Calculate the theoretical value of shielding lightning resistance level I under different transmission line radii from the following formula:
式(1)中，Z 0为雷电通道波阻抗，h b为边相导线高度，l j为绝缘子串长度，μ 0为真空中的磁导率，ε 0为真空的介电常数，m为误差系数，η为积分变量，r为导线半径； In formula (1), Z 0 is the wave impedance of the lightning channel, h b is the height of the side-phase conductor, l j is the length of the insulator string, μ 0 is the magnetic permeability in vacuum, ε 0 is the dielectric constant of the vacuum, and m is Error coefficient, η is the integral variable, r is the radius of the wire;S4：采用粒子群优化算法对绕击耐雷水平理论计算公式进行优化建模，计算出使绕击耐雷水平实测值与理论值误差最小的m值；S4: The particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to optimize the theoretical calculation formula of the lightning resistance level of shielding strike, and calculate the value of m that minimizes the error between the measured value of the lightning resistance level of shielding strike and the theoretical value;S5：将优化后的绕击耐雷水平计算公式带入如下公式计算绕击跳闸率：S5: Bring the optimized lightning protection level calculation formula into the following formula to calculate the shielding strike trip rate:
R为绕击跳闸率，θ为避雷线对边相导线的保护角，h g为杆塔高度，M为 年落雷日数，H b为避雷线与杆塔连接处的离地高度，h arc为避雷线弧垂，D为避雷线间距，L xj为绝缘子串闪络距离，U 1为线路额定电压。 R is the shielding trip rate, θ is the protection angle of the opposite phase conductor of the lightning protection line, h g is the height of the tower, M is the number of lightning days per year, H b is the height of the connection between the lightning protection line and the tower, and h arc is the lightning protection line Sag, D is the distance between lightning conductors, L xj is the flashover distance of the insulator string, and U 1 is the rated voltage of the line. - 根据权利要求2所述的一种基于粒子群算法的输电线路绕击跳闸率测评方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S1的具体过程是：The method for evaluating the shielding failure rate of transmission lines based on the particle swarm algorithm according to claim 2, wherein the specific process of step S1 is:1)、打开冲击电压发生器(11)，输出幅值为U的雷电压至第一基杆塔(21)的C相线路(93)，无线电流传感器(7)记录注入C相线路(93)的雷电流，并无线传输至无线接收模块(2)，进而传输至上位机(1)；同时高压差分探头一(41)、高压差分探头二(42)、高压差分探头三(43)分别测量A相绝缘子串一(131)、B相绝缘子串一(132)、C相绝缘子串一(133)两端的过电压，并通过数据采集器(3)传输至上位机(1)上，上位机(1)控制信号控制器(12)关闭冲击电压发生器(11)，并判断A相绝缘子串一(131)、B相绝缘子串一(132)、C相绝缘子串一(133)是否发生闪络；1) Turn on the impulse voltage generator (11), output the lightning voltage with amplitude U to the C-phase line (93) of the first base tower (21), and the wireless current sensor (7) records and injects into the C-phase line (93) The lightning current is wirelessly transmitted to the wireless receiving module (2), and then to the host computer (1); at the same time, the high-voltage differential probe one (41), the high-voltage differential probe two (42), and the high-voltage differential probe three (43) are respectively measured The overvoltage at both ends of A-phase insulator string one (131), B-phase insulator string one (132), and C-phase insulator string one (133) are transmitted to the upper computer (1) through the data collector (3), and the upper computer (1) The control signal controller (12) turns off the impulse voltage generator (11), and judges whether the A-phase insulator string one (131), the B-phase insulator string one (132), and the C-phase insulator string one (133) are flashing Network2)、若有绝缘子串发生闪络，则通过信号控制器(12)使冲击电压发生器(11)输出的雷电压幅值减小ΔU，再次打开冲击电压发生器(11)，重复上述方法，直到绝缘子串刚好都不发生闪络，则将前一次测得的雷电流幅值I c作为绕击耐雷水平；若发现绝缘子串均未闪络，则通过信号控制器(12)使冲击电压发生器(11)输出的雷电压幅值增加ΔU，再次打开冲击电压发生器(11)，重复上述方法，直到发现某一个绝缘子串刚好发生闪络，则将这一次测得的雷电流幅值I c作为绕击耐雷水平。 2) If flashover occurs in the insulator string, the signal controller (12) reduces the amplitude of the lightning voltage output by the impulse voltage generator (11) by ΔU, turns on the impulse voltage generator (11) again, and repeats the above method If no flashover occurs in the insulator string, the lightning current amplitude I c measured last time is used as the lightning protection level; if no flashover is found in the insulator string, the impulse voltage is set by the signal controller (12) Increase the amplitude of the lightning voltage output by the generator (11) by ΔU, turn on the impulse voltage generator (11) again, and repeat the above method until it is found that a certain insulator string just has a flashover, then the lightning current amplitude measured this time I c is regarded as the lightning resistance level of shielding strike.
- 根据权利要求2所述的一种基于粒子群算法的输电线路绕击跳闸率测评方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S4的具体过程是：The method for evaluating the shielding failure rate of transmission lines based on the particle swarm algorithm according to claim 2, wherein the specific process of step S4 is:1)、生成具有均匀分布的粒子和速度的初始总体，设置停止条件；1). Generate an initial population with uniformly distributed particles and speeds, and set stop conditions;2)、按照式(3)计算目标函数值：2) Calculate the objective function value according to formula (3):
式(3)中，g(m)表示目标函数，I i为第i个导线半径情况下的绕击耐雷水平理论计算值，I ci为第i个土壤电阻率情况下的绕击耐雷水平实测值，n为绕击耐雷水平的实测数据组数； In formula (3), g(m) represents the objective function, I i is the theoretical calculation value of the lightning resistance level of shielding strike under the condition of the i-th wire radius, and I ci is the actual measurement of the lightning resistance level of shielding strike under the condition of the i-th soil resistivity Value, n is the number of measured data sets of the lightning resistance level of shielding strike;3)、更新每个粒子的个体历史最优位置与整个群体的最优位置；3) Update the individual historical optimal position of each particle and the optimal position of the entire group;4)、更新每个粒子的速度和位置；4) Update the speed and position of each particle;5)、若满足停止条件，则停止搜索，输出搜索结果，否则返回第2)步；5). If the stop condition is met, stop the search and output the search result, otherwise return to step 2);6)、根据优化得出最优值m 0代入以下公式(4)，为优化后的理论公式： 6) According to the optimization, the optimal value m 0 is substituted into the following formula (4), which is the optimized theoretical formula:
式(4)中，m 0为优化过后的误差系数，I r为优化后的绕击耐雷水平。 In formula (4), m 0 is the optimized error coefficient, and Ir is the optimized lightning resistance level of shielding strike. - 根据权利要求2所述的一种基于粒子群算法的输电线路绕击跳闸率测评方法，其特征在于，步骤S2中，不同输电线路导线半径的范围是：8mm<r<＝15mm。The method for evaluating the shielding failure rate of transmission lines based on the particle swarm algorithm according to claim 2, characterized in that, in step S2, the range of wire radii of different transmission lines is: 8mm<r<=15mm.
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