WO2021106957A1 - Air conditioning system - Google Patents

Air conditioning system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021106957A1
WO2021106957A1 PCT/JP2020/043893 JP2020043893W WO2021106957A1 WO 2021106957 A1 WO2021106957 A1 WO 2021106957A1 JP 2020043893 W JP2020043893 W JP 2020043893W WO 2021106957 A1 WO2021106957 A1 WO 2021106957A1
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Prior art keywords
refrigerant
flow path
shutoff valve
air
heat source
Prior art date
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PCT/JP2020/043893
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
淳哉 南
Original Assignee
ダイキン工業株式会社
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Publication date
Application filed by ダイキン工業株式会社 filed Critical ダイキン工業株式会社
Priority to CN202080082776.6A priority Critical patent/CN114729768A/en
Priority to EP20892899.4A priority patent/EP4067776A4/en
Publication of WO2021106957A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021106957A1/en
Priority to US17/826,801 priority patent/US20220290885A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/32—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies
    • F24F11/36—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies to leakage of heat-exchange fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F25B41/24—Arrangement of shut-off valves for disconnecting a part of the refrigerant cycle, e.g. an outdoor part
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/005—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices of safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/023—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units
    • F25B2313/0233—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units in parallel arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/22—Preventing, detecting or repairing leaks of refrigeration fluids
    • F25B2500/222—Detecting refrigerant leaks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2519—On-off valves

Definitions

  • the user-side refrigerant flow paths 13a, 13b, and 13c are refrigerant flow paths provided inside the user-side units 3a, 3b, and 3c.
  • the first communication flow path 21 has a utilization-side first communication flow path 21aa, 21ab, 21ac and a heat source-side first communication flow path 21b. As shown in FIG. 1, the first communication flow paths 21aa, 21ab, 21ac on the utilization side and the first communication flow path 21b on the heat source side are separated by the first shutoff valves 71a, 71b, 71c.
  • the second connecting flow path 22 has a user-side second connecting flow path 22aa, 22ab, 22ac and a heat source-side second connecting flow path 22b. As shown in FIG.
  • the refrigerant circuit 10 is filled with a flammable refrigerant.
  • flammable refrigerants use the US ASHRAE34 Designation and safety classification of refrigerant standard or the ISO817 Refrigerants-Designation and safety classification standard for Class3 (high flame), Class2 (weak flame), and Subclass 2L (slightly flammable). Contains the applicable refrigerant.
  • R1234yf, R1234ze (E) R516A, R445A, R444A, R454C, R444B, R454A, R455A, R457A, R459B, R452B, R454B, R447B, R32, R447A, R446A, and R45 are adopted.
  • the refrigerant used is R32. If R32 leaks from the refrigerant circuit 10 into the air-conditioned space (indoor) and the concentration of the refrigerant in the room increases, a combustion accident may occur due to the flammability of the refrigerant. It is required to prevent this combustion accident.
  • the first portions 11a, 11b, 11c are portions on the utilization side in the refrigerant circuit 10 classified by the first shutoff valves 71a, 71b, 71c and the second shutoff valves 72a, 72b, 72c.
  • the first portion 11a has a utilization-side refrigerant flow path 13a, a utilization-side first communication flow path 21aa, and a utilization-side second communication flow path 22aa.
  • the detailed configuration of the user-side refrigerant flow path 13a will be described later.
  • the user-side first communication flow path 21aa is a part of the first communication flow path 21.
  • control unit 19 controls the operation of the entire air conditioner 1. Specifically, based on various sensors (not shown) as described above, detection signals of the refrigerant leakage sensors 50a, 50b, 50c, etc., various constituent devices 15, 17a, 17b, 23, 24, 25 of the air conditioner 1 , 26, 30a, 30b, 30c, 34a, 34b, 34c, 36a, 36b, 36c, 71a, 71b, 71c, 72a, 72b, 72c are controlled by the control unit 19.
  • step S1 of FIG. 3 it is determined whether or not any of the refrigerant leakage sensors 50a, 50b, and 50c of the user-side units 3a, 3b, and 3c has detected the refrigerant leakage.
  • the refrigerant leakage sensor 50a of the user-side unit 3a detects the leakage of the refrigerant in the first portion 11a, the process proceeds to the next step S2.
  • the LFL (Lower Flammability Limit) is the minimum concentration of the refrigerant that can propagate the flame in a state where the refrigerant and air are uniformly mixed, as defined by ISO817. Therefore, even if all of the refrigerant existing in the first portion 11a leaks into the air-conditioned space, the first shutoff valve 71a and the second shutoff valve 71a and the second are located at positions where there is no risk of exceeding the LFL / safety factor of the air-conditioned space.
  • the shutoff valve 72a needs to be arranged.
  • the first shutoff valve 71a and the second shutoff valve 72a are arranged at positions away from the position of the use side unit 3a in the refrigerant circuit 10, the volume of the use side first communication flow path 21aa and the use side second Since the volume of the connecting flow path 22aa is increased, the maximum value of the total amount of the refrigerant contained in the first portion 11a is increased.
  • the refrigerant leakage sensor 50a in the present disclosure can detect a refrigerant having a refrigerant concentration within the first range.
  • the refrigerant concentration of the refrigerant in the first range is smaller than the refrigerant concentration of the refrigerant in the second range.
  • the refrigerant leakage sensor 50a can detect even a refrigerant having a small (thin) refrigerant concentration.
  • the refrigerant concentration in the first range is surely smaller than the refrigerant concentration in the second range, and the refrigerant leakage sensor 50a has the refrigerant leakage sensor 50a before the amount of the refrigerant exceeding the second range leaks into the air-conditioned space. , Refrigerant leakage can be detected.
  • the refrigerant leakage sensor 50a can detect the refrigerant in the second range.
  • the method of determining the arrangement position of the first shutoff valve 71a and the second shutoff valve 72a in the refrigerant circuit 10 is not limited to the above, and the first range may be determined first.
  • a refrigerant leakage sensor 50a capable of detecting a certain concentration within the first range is determined.
  • the second range is determined so that the concentration of the refrigerant in the second range becomes larger (more concentrated) than the concentration of the refrigerant in the first range.
  • the refrigerant leakage sensor 50a can detect a refrigerant smaller (thinner) than the second range.
  • the air conditioning system 100 of the first aspect includes a refrigerant circuit 10, heat exchangers 30a, 30b, 30c, a shutoff valve 70, and a refrigerant leakage sensor 50a, 50b, 50c.
  • the refrigerant circuit 10 has a first portion 11a, 11b, 11c and a second portion 12.
  • the heat exchangers 30a, 30b, and 30c are provided in the first portions 11a, 11b, and 11c, and cool or heat the air in the air conditioning target space by exchanging heat between the refrigerant and the air in the air conditioning target space.
  • the shutoff valve 70 is provided in the refrigerant circuit 10 and cuts off communication between the first portions 11a, 11b, 11c and the second portion 12.
  • the refrigerant concentration in the second range is higher than the refrigerant concentration in the first range.
  • the shutoff valve 70 exceeds the LFL / safety factor of the air-conditioned space before blocking the flow between the first portion 11a and the second portion 12. The amount of refrigerant leaking from the first portion 11a is suppressed.
  • the air-conditioning system 100 of the second aspect is the air-conditioning system 100 of the first aspect, and when the combustion lower limit concentration of the refrigerant is LFL [kg / m 3 ], the first range is LFL / X1 to LFL / X2.
  • the second range is LFL / Y1 to LFL / Y2.
  • X1 is larger than Y1 and X2 is larger than Y2.
  • the air conditioning system 100 of the second viewpoint sets the first range and the second range so that the refrigerant concentration is smaller than the LFL of the air conditioning target space. As a result, it is possible to prevent the refrigerant concentration in the air-conditioned space from exceeding LFL.
  • the second range is LFL / Y1 to LFL / Y2 means that LFL / Y1 ⁇ B ⁇ LFL / Y2, in other words, the second range is B.
  • the first communication flow path 21 includes the utilization side first communication flow paths 21aa, 21ab, 21ac between the utilization side refrigerant flow paths 13a, 13b, 13c and the first shutoff valves 71a, 71b, 71c, and the heat source side refrigerant flow. It has a first communication flow path 21b on the heat source side between the path 14 and the first shutoff valves 71a, 71b, 71c.
  • the second communication flow path 22 includes the utilization side second communication flow paths 22aa, 22ab, 22ac between the utilization side refrigerant flow paths 13a, 13b, 13c and the second shutoff valves 72a, 72b, 72c, and the heat source side refrigerant flow.
  • the air conditioning system 100 of the fourth aspect sets the first range and the second range so that the refrigerant concentration is smaller than the LFL of the air conditioning target space. As a result, it is possible to prevent the refrigerant concentration in the air-conditioned space from exceeding LFL.
  • the first range being LFL / X1 to LFL / X2 means that the first range is LFL / X1 ⁇ A ⁇ LFL / X2 in other words as A.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Abstract

An air conditioning system (100) comprises a refrigerant circuit (10), heat exchangers (30a, 30b, 30c), a shutoff valve (70), and refrigerant leakage sensors (50a, 50b, 50c). The refrigerant circuit has first portions (11a, 11b, 11c) and a second portion (12). The heat exchangers are provided in the first portions and exchange heat between a refrigerant and the air in a space to be air-conditioned. The shutoff valve is provided in the refrigerant circuit and shuts off the communication between the first portions and the second portion. The refrigerant leakage sensors detect that the refrigerant concentration is within a first range and detect the refrigerant that has leaked from the first portions. The shutoff valve is disposed so that the refrigerant concentration in the space to be air-conditioned is within a second range, which is larger than the first range, assuming that all the refrigerant in the first portions has leaked into the space to be air-conditioned.

Description

空調システムAir conditioning system
　空調システムに関する。 Regarding the air conditioning system.
　特許文献１（特開２０１９－４５１２９号公報）に、利用側ユニットの外側に遮断弁を接続する空調システムが開示されている。遮断弁は、冷媒の漏洩が検知された際に閉止される部品であって、空調システムの冷媒回路に封入されている冷媒の全てが漏洩しないように、熱源側ユニットと利用側ユニットとの流通を遮断する。 Patent Document 1 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2019-45129) discloses an air conditioning system that connects a shutoff valve to the outside of a user-side unit. The shutoff valve is a component that is closed when a refrigerant leak is detected, and is distributed between the heat source side unit and the user side unit so that all the refrigerant sealed in the refrigerant circuit of the air conditioning system does not leak. To shut off.
　利用側ユニットで冷媒漏洩が発生した場合、利用側ユニットと遮断弁とを接続する冷媒流路に含まれる冷媒が、空調対象空間に漏洩することが考えられる。このため、遮断弁と利用側ユニットとの距離次第では、空調対象空間の冷媒濃度がＬＦＬを超過する恐れがある。しかしながら従来、利用側ユニットに対して遮断弁をどこに配置するべきであるのか、詳細な検討が為されていない。 When a refrigerant leaks in the user-side unit, it is possible that the refrigerant contained in the refrigerant flow path connecting the user-side unit and the shutoff valve leaks into the air-conditioned space. Therefore, depending on the distance between the shutoff valve and the user-side unit, the refrigerant concentration in the air-conditioned space may exceed LFL. However, conventionally, detailed studies have not been made as to where the shutoff valve should be arranged for the user-side unit.
　第１観点の空調システムは、冷媒回路と、熱交換器と、遮断弁と、冷媒漏洩センサと、を備える。冷媒回路は、第１部分と第２部分とを有する。熱交換器は、第１部分に設けられ、冷媒と空調対象空間の空気とを熱交換させることで空調対象空間の空気の冷却又は加熱を行う。遮断弁は、冷媒回路に設けられ、第１部分と第２部分との連通を遮断する。冷媒漏洩センサは、第１部分から漏洩した冷媒を検知する。冷媒漏洩センサは、冷媒濃度が第１範囲内にあることを検知する。遮断弁は、第１部分に存在する冷媒が全て空調対象空間に漏洩したと仮定したときに、空調対象空間の冷媒濃度が、第１範囲よりも大きい範囲である第２範囲内となるように配置される。 The air conditioning system of the first aspect includes a refrigerant circuit, a heat exchanger, a shutoff valve, and a refrigerant leak sensor. The refrigerant circuit has a first portion and a second portion. The heat exchanger is provided in the first portion and cools or heats the air in the air-conditioned space by exchanging heat between the refrigerant and the air in the air-conditioned space. The shutoff valve is provided in the refrigerant circuit and shuts off the communication between the first portion and the second portion. The refrigerant leak sensor detects the refrigerant leaked from the first portion. The refrigerant leakage sensor detects that the refrigerant concentration is within the first range. The shutoff valve is set so that the refrigerant concentration in the air-conditioned space is within the second range, which is a range larger than the first range, assuming that all the refrigerant existing in the first part leaks into the air-conditioned space. Be placed.
　第１観点の空調システムは、第１部分に存在する冷媒の全てが空調対象空間に漏洩した場合であっても、空調対象空間の冷媒濃度が第２範囲内となるような位置に遮断弁が配置される。これにより、空調対象空間の冷媒濃度がＬＦＬを超過することが抑制される。 In the air conditioning system of the first aspect, even if all the refrigerant existing in the first part leaks into the air conditioning target space, the shutoff valve is located at a position where the refrigerant concentration in the air conditioning target space is within the second range. Be placed. As a result, it is possible to prevent the refrigerant concentration in the air-conditioned space from exceeding LFL.
　第２観点の空調システムは、第１観点の空調システムであって、冷媒の燃焼下限濃度をＬＦＬ［ｋｇ／ｍ３］としたときに、第１範囲は、ＬＦＬ／Ｘ１～ＬＦＬ／Ｘ２であり、第２範囲は、ＬＦＬ／Ｙ１～ＬＦＬ／Ｙ２である。Ｘ１はＹ１よりも大きく、Ｘ２はＹ２よりも大きい。 The air-conditioning system of the second aspect is the air-conditioning system of the first aspect, and when the combustion lower limit concentration of the refrigerant is LFL [kg / m 3 ], the first range is LFL / X1 to LFL / X2. The second range is LFL / Y1 to LFL / Y2. X1 is larger than Y1 and X2 is larger than Y2.
　第２観点の空調システムは、空調対象空間のＬＦＬよりも冷媒濃度が小さくなるように第１範囲及び第２範囲を設定する。これにより、空調対象空間の冷媒濃度がＬＦＬを超過することが抑制される。 In the air conditioning system of the second viewpoint, the first range and the second range are set so that the refrigerant concentration is smaller than the LFL of the air conditioning target space. As a result, it is possible to prevent the refrigerant concentration in the air-conditioned space from exceeding LFL.
　第３観点の空調システムは、第１観点又は第２観点の空調システムであって、冷媒回路は、第１部分の一部である利用側冷媒流路と、第２部分の一部である熱源側冷媒流路と、利用側冷媒流路と熱源側冷媒流路とを接続する第１連絡流路及び第２連絡流路とを有する。遮断弁は、第１連絡流路に設けられる第１遮断弁と、第２連絡流路に設けられる第２遮断弁とを有する。第１連絡流路は、利用側冷媒流路と第１遮断弁との間の利用側第１連絡流路と、熱源側冷媒流路と第１遮断弁との間の熱源側第１連絡流路と、を有する。第２連絡流路は、利用側冷媒流路と第２遮断弁との間の利用側第２連絡流路と、熱源側冷媒流路と第２遮断弁との間の熱源側第２連絡流路と、を有する。第１遮断弁及び第２遮断弁は、利用側冷媒流路の容積、利用側第１連絡流路の容積、利用側第２連絡流路の容積、空調対象空間の容積、に基づいて配置される。 The air-conditioning system of the third viewpoint is the air-conditioning system of the first viewpoint or the second viewpoint, and the refrigerant circuit includes the utilization side refrigerant flow path which is a part of the first part and the heat source which is a part of the second part. It has a side refrigerant flow path, a first communication flow path and a second communication flow path that connect the utilization side refrigerant flow path and the heat source side refrigerant flow path. The shutoff valve includes a first shutoff valve provided in the first communication flow path and a second shutoff valve provided in the second communication flow path. The first communication flow path is the first communication flow path on the utilization side between the refrigerant flow path on the utilization side and the first shutoff valve, and the first communication flow path on the heat source side between the refrigerant flow path on the heat source side and the first shutoff valve. Has a road and. The second communication flow path is the second communication flow path on the utilization side between the refrigerant flow path on the utilization side and the second shutoff valve, and the second communication flow path on the heat source side between the refrigerant flow path on the heat source side and the second shutoff valve. Has a road and. The first shutoff valve and the second shutoff valve are arranged based on the volume of the utilization side refrigerant flow path, the volume of the utilization side first communication flow path, the volume of the utilization side second communication flow path, and the volume of the air conditioning target space. To.
　第３観点の空調システムは、利用側冷媒流路の容積、利用側第１連絡流路の容積、利用側第２連絡流路の容積、空調対象空間の容積、に基づいて第１遮断弁及び第２遮断弁が配置される。これにより、空調対象空間の冷媒濃度がＬＦＬを超過することが抑制される。 In the air conditioning system of the third aspect, the first shutoff valve and the volume of the air conditioning target space are based on the volume of the utilization side refrigerant flow path, the volume of the utilization side first communication flow path, the volume of the utilization side second communication flow path, and the volume of the air conditioning target space. A second shutoff valve is arranged. As a result, it is possible to prevent the refrigerant concentration in the air-conditioned space from exceeding LFL.
　第４観点の空調システムは、第１観点の空調システムであって、冷媒の燃焼下限濃度をＬＦＬ［ｋｇ／ｍ３］としたときに、第１範囲は、ＬＦＬ／Ｘ１～ＬＦＬ／Ｘ２であり、第２範囲は、ＬＦＬ／Ｙ１～ＬＦＬ／Ｙ２である。ＬＦＬ／Ｙ１はＬＦＬ／Ｘ１よりも大きく、ＬＦＬ／Ｙ２はＬＦＬ／Ｘ２よりも大きい。 The air-conditioning system of the fourth aspect is the air-conditioning system of the first aspect, and when the lower limit combustion concentration of the refrigerant is LFL [kg / m 3 ], the first range is LFL / X1 to LFL / X2. The second range is LFL / Y1 to LFL / Y2. LFL / Y1 is larger than LFL / X1, and LFL / Y2 is larger than LFL / X2.
　第４観点の空調システムは、空調対象空間のＬＦＬよりも冷媒濃度が小さくなるように第１範囲及び第２範囲を設定する。また、冷媒漏洩センサは、上限、下限ともに第２範囲の冷媒濃度よりも小さい冷媒濃度である第１範囲内にある冷媒を検知可能に構成される。これにより、空調対象空間の冷媒濃度がＬＦＬを超過することが抑制される。 In the air conditioning system of the fourth viewpoint, the first range and the second range are set so that the refrigerant concentration is smaller than the LFL of the air conditioning target space. Further, the refrigerant leakage sensor is configured to be capable of detecting a refrigerant in the first range, which has a refrigerant concentration smaller than the refrigerant concentration in the second range in both the upper limit and the lower limit. As a result, it is possible to prevent the refrigerant concentration in the air-conditioned space from exceeding LFL.
冷媒サイクル装置の一実施形態としての空調システムの概略構成を示す図。The figure which shows the schematic structure of the air-conditioning system as one Embodiment of a refrigerant cycle apparatus. 空調システムの制御ブロック図。Control block diagram of the air conditioning system. 冷媒漏洩時の制御フローを示す図。The figure which shows the control flow at the time of the refrigerant leakage. 変形例Ａに係る空調システムの概略構成図。The schematic block diagram of the air-conditioning system which concerns on modification A. 変形例Ｂに係る空調システムの概略構成図。The schematic block diagram of the air-conditioning system which concerns on modification B. 変形例Ｅに係る空調システムの概略構成図。The schematic block diagram of the air-conditioning system which concerns on modification E.
　以下、図面を参照しながら、本開示の一実施形態に係る空調システム１００について説明する。 Hereinafter, the air conditioning system 100 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings.
　（１）全体構成
　（１－１）空調システム
　図１を参照しながら、一実施形態に係る空気調和装置１を備えた空調システム１００について概要を説明する。図１は、空調システム１００の概略構成図である。空調システム１００の空気調和装置１は、蒸気圧縮式の冷凍サイクルを行い、空調対象空間の冷房や暖房を行う装置である。空調対象空間は、例えば、オフィスや住宅の居室である。本実施形態では、空気調和装置１は、空調対象空間の冷房及び暖房の両方が可能な装置である。ただし、本開示の空気調和装置１は、冷房及び暖房の両方が可能な空気調和装置に限定されるものではなく、例えば冷房のみが可能な装置であってもよい。 (1) Overall Configuration (1-1) Air-Conditioning System The outline of the air-conditioning system 100 including the air conditioner 1 according to the embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of the air conditioning system 100. The air conditioning device 1 of the air conditioning system 100 is a device that performs a vapor compression refrigeration cycle to cool and heat the air-conditioned space. The air-conditioned space is, for example, a living room of an office or a house. In the present embodiment, the air conditioning device 1 is a device capable of both cooling and heating the air-conditioned space. However, the air conditioner 1 of the present disclosure is not limited to an air conditioner capable of both cooling and heating, and may be, for example, a device capable of only cooling.
　空調システム１００の空気調和装置１は、主として、熱源側ユニット２と、複数の利用側ユニット３ａ、３ｂ、３ｃと、第１連絡流路２１と、第２連絡流路２２と、制御部１９（図２参照）と、を有している。複数の利用側ユニット３ａ、３ｂ、３ｃは、熱源側ユニット２に対して、互いが並列に接続される。第１連絡流路２１及び第２連絡流路２２は、遮断弁７０を介して、熱源側ユニット２と利用側ユニット３ａ、３ｂ、３ｃとを接続する。第１連絡流路２１及び第２連絡流路２２は、空気調和装置１の設置現場において敷設される。第１連絡流路２１及び第２連絡流路２２の配管径や配管長は、設計仕様や設置環境に応じて選択される。制御部１９は、熱源側ユニット２、利用側ユニット３ａ、３ｂ、３ｃ及び遮断弁７０を制御する。空気調和装置１の蒸気圧縮式の冷媒回路１０は、熱源側ユニット２の熱源側冷媒流路１４と、利用側ユニット３ａ、３ｂ、３ｃの利用側冷媒流路１３ａ、１３ｂ、１３ｃとが、遮断弁７０を介して第１連絡流路２１及び第２連絡流路２２によって接続されることで構成されている。熱源側冷媒流路１４は、熱源側ユニット２の内部に設けられる冷媒流路である。利用側冷媒流路１３ａ、１３ｂ、１３ｃは、利用側ユニット３ａ、３ｂ、３ｃの内部に設けられる冷媒流路である。第１連絡流路２１は、利用側第１連絡流路２１ａａ、２１ａｂ、２１ａｃ及び熱源側第１連絡流路２１ｂを有する。図１に示すように、利用側第１連絡流路２１ａａ、２１ａｂ、２１ａｃと熱源側第１連絡流路２１ｂとは、第１遮断弁７１ａ、７１ｂ、７１ｃによって区分される。第２連絡流路２２は、利用側第２連絡流路２２ａａ、２２ａｂ、２２ａｃ及び熱源側第２連絡流路２２ｂを有する。図１に示すように、利用側第２連絡流路２２ａａ、２２ａｂ、２２ａｃと熱源側第２連絡流路２２ｂとは、第２遮断弁７２ａ、７２ｂ、７２ｃによって区分される。遮断弁７０は、冷媒回路１０に配置される。遮断弁７０は、第１遮断弁７１ａ、７１ｂ、７１ｃと、第２遮断弁７２ａ、７２ｂ、７２ｃと、を有する。 The air conditioner 1 of the air conditioning system 100 mainly includes a heat source side unit 2, a plurality of utilization side units 3a, 3b, 3c, a first communication flow path 21, a second communication flow path 22, and a control unit 19 ( (See FIG. 2) and. The plurality of utilization- side units 3a, 3b, and 3c are connected to each other in parallel with respect to the heat source-side unit 2. The first communication flow path 21 and the second communication flow path 22 connect the heat source side unit 2 and the utilization side units 3a, 3b, and 3c via the shutoff valve 70. The first connecting flow path 21 and the second connecting flow path 22 are laid at the installation site of the air conditioner 1. The pipe diameter and pipe length of the first connecting flow path 21 and the second connecting flow path 22 are selected according to the design specifications and the installation environment. The control unit 19 controls the heat source side unit 2, the utilization side units 3a, 3b, 3c, and the shutoff valve 70. In the vapor compression type refrigerant circuit 10 of the air conditioner 1, the heat source side refrigerant flow path 14 of the heat source side unit 2 and the utilization side refrigerant flow paths 13a, 13b, 13c of the utilization side units 3a, 3b, and 3c are cut off. It is configured to be connected by a first communication flow path 21 and a second communication flow path 22 via a valve 70. The heat source side refrigerant flow path 14 is a refrigerant flow path provided inside the heat source side unit 2. The user-side refrigerant flow paths 13a, 13b, and 13c are refrigerant flow paths provided inside the user- side units 3a, 3b, and 3c. The first communication flow path 21 has a utilization-side first communication flow path 21aa, 21ab, 21ac and a heat source-side first communication flow path 21b. As shown in FIG. 1, the first communication flow paths 21aa, 21ab, 21ac on the utilization side and the first communication flow path 21b on the heat source side are separated by the first shutoff valves 71a, 71b, 71c. The second connecting flow path 22 has a user-side second connecting flow path 22aa, 22ab, 22ac and a heat source-side second connecting flow path 22b. As shown in FIG. 1, the user-side second connecting flow paths 22aa, 22ab, 22ac and the heat source-side second connecting flow path 22b are separated by the second shutoff valves 72a, 72b, 72c. The shutoff valve 70 is arranged in the refrigerant circuit 10. The shutoff valve 70 has a first shutoff valve 71a, 71b, 71c and a second shutoff valve 72a, 72b, 72c.
　限定するものではないが、冷媒回路１０には、可燃性の冷媒が封入される。可燃性の冷媒には、米国のＡＳＨＲＡＥ３４ Designation and safety classification of refrigerantの規格又はＩＳＯ８１７ Refrigerants- Designation and safety classificationの規格でＣｌａｓｓ３（強燃性）、Ｃｌａｓｓ２（弱燃性）、Ｓｕｂｃｌａｓｓ２Ｌ（微燃性）に該当する冷媒を含む。例えば、冷媒として、Ｒ１２３４ｙｆ、Ｒ１２３４ｚｅ（Ｅ）、Ｒ５１６Ａ、Ｒ４４５Ａ、Ｒ４４４Ａ、Ｒ４５４Ｃ、Ｒ４４４Ｂ、Ｒ４５４Ａ、Ｒ４５５Ａ、Ｒ４５７Ａ、Ｒ４５９Ｂ、Ｒ４５２Ｂ、Ｒ４５４Ｂ、Ｒ４４７Ｂ、Ｒ３２、Ｒ４４７Ａ、Ｒ４４６Ａ、及びＲ４５９Ａのいずれかが採用される。本実施形態では、使用される冷媒はＲ３２である。冷媒回路１０から空調対象空間（室内）にＲ３２が漏洩して室内の冷媒濃度が大きくなると、冷媒の有する可燃性から、燃焼事故が発生する恐れがある。この燃焼事故を防止することが要求されている。 Although not limited, the refrigerant circuit 10 is filled with a flammable refrigerant. For flammable refrigerants, use the US ASHRAE34 Designation and safety classification of refrigerant standard or the ISO817 Refrigerants-Designation and safety classification standard for Class3 (high flame), Class2 (weak flame), and Subclass 2L (slightly flammable). Contains the applicable refrigerant. For example, as the refrigerant, R1234yf, R1234ze (E), R516A, R445A, R444A, R454C, R444B, R454A, R455A, R457A, R459B, R452B, R454B, R447B, R32, R447A, R446A, and R45 are adopted. To. In this embodiment, the refrigerant used is R32. If R32 leaks from the refrigerant circuit 10 into the air-conditioned space (indoor) and the concentration of the refrigerant in the room increases, a combustion accident may occur due to the flammability of the refrigerant. It is required to prevent this combustion accident.
　なお、本開示の空調システム１００及び空気調和装置１は、冷媒が可燃性ではない場合にも有用である。 The air conditioning system 100 and the air conditioner 1 of the present disclosure are also useful when the refrigerant is not flammable.
　以下、空気調和装置１を備えた空調システム１００の構成について詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, the configuration of the air conditioning system 100 including the air conditioner 1 will be described in detail.
　（２）詳細構成
　（２－１）冷媒回路
　空気調和装置１の冷媒回路１０は、複数の第１遮断弁７１ａ、７１ｂ、７１ｃと複数の第２遮断弁７２ａ、７２ｂ、７２ｃとによって、複数の第１部分１１ａ、１１ｂ、１１ｃと第２部分１２とに区分される。なお、第１遮断弁７１ａと第１遮断弁７１ｂ、７１ｃとは同様の構成であるため、ここでは、第１遮断弁７１ａの構成のみ説明し、第１遮断弁７１ｂ、７１ｃの構成については、それぞれ、第１遮断弁７１ａの各部を示す添字「ａ」の代わりに、添字「ｂ」、「ｃ」を付して、各部の説明を省略する。第２遮断弁７２ａ、７２ｂ、７２ｃや、第１部分１１ａ、１１ｂ、１１ｃについても同様である。 (2) Detailed configuration (2-1) Refrigerant circuit The refrigerant circuit 10 of the air conditioner 1 has a plurality of first shutoff valves 71a, 71b, 71c and a plurality of second shutoff valves 72a, 72b, 72c. It is divided into a first portion 11a, 11b, 11c and a second portion 12. Since the first shutoff valve 71a and the first shutoff valves 71b, 71c have the same configuration, only the configuration of the first shutoff valve 71a will be described here, and the configuration of the first shutoff valve 71b, 71c will be described. Subscripts "b" and "c" are added instead of the subscript "a" indicating each part of the first shutoff valve 71a, respectively, and the description of each part will be omitted. The same applies to the second shutoff valves 72a, 72b, 72c and the first portions 11a, 11b, 11c.
　第１遮断弁７１ａは、制御部１９の制御によって、第１連絡流路２１の内部を流れる液冷媒の流通を遮断する遮断弁である。第１遮断弁７１ａによって、第１連絡流路２１は、利用側第１連絡流路２１ａａと、熱源側第１連絡流路２１ｂとに区分される。第１遮断弁７１ａは、利用側第１連絡流路２１ａａによって、利用側冷媒流路１３ａの液側と接続する。第１遮断弁７１ａは、熱源側第１連絡流路２１ｂによって、熱源側冷媒流路１４と接続する。 The first shutoff valve 71a is a shutoff valve that shuts off the flow of the liquid refrigerant flowing inside the first connecting flow path 21 under the control of the control unit 19. The first shutoff valve 71a divides the first communication flow path 21 into a first communication flow path 21aa on the utilization side and a first communication flow path 21b on the heat source side. The first shutoff valve 71a is connected to the liquid side of the utilization side refrigerant flow path 13a by the utilization side first communication flow path 21aa. The first shutoff valve 71a is connected to the heat source side refrigerant flow path 14 by the heat source side first communication flow path 21b.
　第２遮断弁７２ａは、制御部１９の制御によって、第２連絡流路２２の内部を流れるガス冷媒の流通を遮断する遮断弁である。第２遮断弁７２ａによって、第２連絡流路２２は、利用側第２連絡流路２２ａａと、熱源側第２連絡流路２２ｂとに区分される。第２遮断弁７２ａは、利用側第２連絡流路２２ａａによって、利用側冷媒流路１３ａのガス側と接続する。第２遮断弁７２ａは、熱源側第２連絡流路２２ｂによって、熱源側冷媒流路１４と接続する。 The second shutoff valve 72a is a shutoff valve that shuts off the flow of the gas refrigerant flowing inside the second connecting flow path 22 under the control of the control unit 19. The second communication flow path 22 is divided into a second communication flow path 22aa on the utilization side and a second communication flow path 22b on the heat source side by the second shutoff valve 72a. The second shutoff valve 72a is connected to the gas side of the utilization side refrigerant flow path 13a by the utilization side second communication flow path 22aa. The second shutoff valve 72a is connected to the heat source side refrigerant flow path 14 by the heat source side second communication flow path 22b.
　第１遮断弁７１ａ、７１ｂ、７１ｃ及び第２遮断弁７２ａ、７２ｂ、７２ｃは、利用側ユニット３ａ、３ｂ、３ｃの近くに配置される場合もあるが、利用側ユニット３ａ、３ｂ、３ｃから離れて配置されている場合もある。あるいは、変形例Ｅで説明するように、第１遮断弁７１ａ、７１ｂ、７１ｃ及び第２遮断弁７２ａ、７２ｂ、７２ｃは、利用側ユニット３ａ、３ｂ、３ｃのケーシングの内部に配置されていてもよい。 The first shutoff valves 71a, 71b, 71c and the second shutoff valves 72a, 72b, 72c may be arranged near the use side units 3a, 3b, 3c, but are separated from the use side units 3a, 3b, 3c. It may be arranged. Alternatively, as described in the modified example E, even if the first shutoff valves 71a, 71b, 71c and the second shutoff valves 72a, 72b, 72c are arranged inside the casing of the utilization side units 3a, 3b, 3c. Good.
　図１に示すように、第１部分１１ａ、１１ｂ、１１ｃとは、第１遮断弁７１ａ、７１ｂ、７１ｃ及び第２遮断弁７２ａ、７２ｂ、７２ｃにより区分される冷媒回路１０における、利用側の部分を指す。第１部分１１ａは、利用側冷媒流路１３ａと、利用側第１連絡流路２１ａａ及び利用側第２連絡流路２２ａａを有する。利用側冷媒流路１３ａの詳細な構成については後述する。利用側第１連絡流路２１ａａは、第１連絡流路２１の一部である。利用側第１連絡流路２１ａａは、利用側冷媒流路１３ａと、第１遮断弁７１ａとを接続する。利用側第２連絡流路２２ａａは、第２連絡流路２２の一部である。利用側第２連絡流路２２ａａは、利用側冷媒流路１３ａと、第２遮断弁７２ａとを接続する。 As shown in FIG. 1, the first portions 11a, 11b, 11c are portions on the utilization side in the refrigerant circuit 10 classified by the first shutoff valves 71a, 71b, 71c and the second shutoff valves 72a, 72b, 72c. Point to. The first portion 11a has a utilization-side refrigerant flow path 13a, a utilization-side first communication flow path 21aa, and a utilization-side second communication flow path 22aa. The detailed configuration of the user-side refrigerant flow path 13a will be described later. The user-side first communication flow path 21aa is a part of the first communication flow path 21. The user-side first communication flow path 21aa connects the utilization-side refrigerant flow path 13a and the first shutoff valve 71a. The user-side second communication flow path 22aa is a part of the second communication flow path 22. The user-side second communication flow path 22aa connects the utilization-side refrigerant flow path 13a and the second shutoff valve 72a.
　図１に示すように、第２部分１２とは、第１遮断弁７１ａ、７１ｂ、７１ｃ及び第２遮断弁７２ａ、７２ｂ、７２ｃにより区分される冷媒回路１０における、熱源側の部分を指す。第２部分１２は、熱源側冷媒流路１４と、熱源側第１連絡流路２１ｂ及び熱源側第２連絡流路２２ｂを有する。熱源側冷媒流路１４の詳細な構成については後述する。熱源側第１連絡流路２１ｂは、第１連絡流路２１の一部である。熱源側第１連絡流路２１ｂは、熱源側冷媒流路１４と、第１遮断弁７１ａとを接続する。熱源側第２連絡流路２２ｂは、第２連絡流路２２の一部である。熱源側第２連絡流路２２ｂは、熱源側冷媒流路１４と、第２遮断弁７２ａとを接続する。 As shown in FIG. 1, the second portion 12 refers to a portion on the heat source side in the refrigerant circuit 10 classified by the first shutoff valves 71a, 71b, 71c and the second shutoff valves 72a, 72b, 72c. The second portion 12 has a heat source side refrigerant flow path 14, a heat source side first communication flow path 21b, and a heat source side second communication flow path 22b. The detailed configuration of the heat source side refrigerant flow path 14 will be described later. The heat source side first connecting flow path 21b is a part of the first connecting flow path 21. The heat source side first connecting flow path 21b connects the heat source side refrigerant flow path 14 and the first shutoff valve 71a. The second connecting flow path 22b on the heat source side is a part of the second connecting flow path 22. The heat source side second connecting flow path 22b connects the heat source side refrigerant flow path 14 and the second shutoff valve 72a.
　詳細は後述するが、冷媒漏洩が第１部分１１ａで発生した場合、制御部１９は、第１遮断弁７１ａ及び第２遮断弁７２ａに、第１部分１１ａと第２部分１２との冷媒の流通を遮断させる。第１部分１１ａと第２部分１２との冷媒の流通が遮断された場合、第１部分１１ａから空調対象空間に流入する恐れがある冷媒の総量は、第１部分１１ａに封入されている冷媒の総量と等しい。 Although the details will be described later, when the refrigerant leak occurs in the first portion 11a, the control unit 19 distributes the refrigerant between the first portion 11a and the second portion 12 to the first shutoff valve 71a and the second shutoff valve 72a. To shut off. When the flow of the refrigerant between the first portion 11a and the second portion 12 is interrupted, the total amount of the refrigerant that may flow into the air-conditioned space from the first portion 11a is the amount of the refrigerant sealed in the first portion 11a. Equal to the total amount.
　以下、第１部分１１ａ及び第２部分１２の一部を構成する利用側ユニット３及び熱源側ユニット２について説明する。 Hereinafter, the utilization side unit 3 and the heat source side unit 2 that form a part of the first part 11a and the second part 12 will be described.
　（２－２）利用側ユニット
　利用側ユニット３ａ、３ｂ、３ｃは、ビルの室内等の空調対象空間に設置されている。利用側ユニット３ａ、３ｂ、３ｃの利用側冷媒流路１３ａ、１３ｂ、１３ｃは、上記のように、第１連絡流路２１、第２連絡流路２２及び遮断弁７０を介して熱源側ユニット２に接続されており、冷媒回路１０の一部を構成している。 (2-2) User-side unit The user- side units 3a, 3b, and 3c are installed in an air-conditioned space such as a building room. The utilization-side refrigerant flow paths 13a, 13b, and 13c of the utilization- side units 3a, 3b, and 3c are the heat source-side unit 2 via the first communication flow path 21, the second communication flow path 22, and the shutoff valve 70, as described above. It is connected to and constitutes a part of the refrigerant circuit 10.
　利用側ユニット３ａ、３ｂ、３ｃの構成について説明する。なお、利用側ユニット３ａと利用側ユニット３ｂ、３ｃとは同様の構成であるため、ここでは、利用側ユニット３ａの構成のみ説明し、利用側ユニット３ｂ、３ｃの構成については、それぞれ、利用側ユニット３ａの各部を示す添字「ａ」の代わりに、添字「ｂ」、「ｃ」を付して、各部の説明を省略する。ただし、利用側ユニット３ａ、３ｂ、３ｃは、同様の構成でなくてもよく、例えば、利用側ユニット３ａ、３ｂ、３ｃの能力は、それぞれ異なっていてもよい。また、利用側ユニットの台数は３台に限定されず、１台であっても、２台であっても、３台以上であってもよい。 The configuration of the user- side units 3a, 3b, and 3c will be described. Since the user-side unit 3a and the user- side units 3b and 3c have the same configuration, only the configuration of the user-side unit 3a will be described here, and the configurations of the user- side units 3b and 3c will be described on the user-side, respectively. Subscripts "b" and "c" are added instead of the subscript "a" indicating each part of the unit 3a, and the description of each part will be omitted. However, the user- side units 3a, 3b, and 3c do not have to have the same configuration, and for example, the capabilities of the user- side units 3a, 3b, and 3c may be different from each other. Further, the number of user-side units is not limited to three, and may be one, two, or three or more.
　利用側ユニット３ａは、主として、利用側膨張弁３４ａと、利用側熱交換器（熱交換器）３０ａと、を有している。なお、詳細な説明は省略するが、利用側ユニット３ａはケーシングを有し、利用側ユニット３ａの各種構成機器は、利用側ユニット３ａのケーシングの内部に収容されている。 The user-side unit 3a mainly has a user-side expansion valve 34a and a user-side heat exchanger (heat exchanger) 30a. Although detailed description will be omitted, the user-side unit 3a has a casing, and various constituent devices of the user-side unit 3a are housed inside the casing of the user-side unit 3a.
　利用側ユニット３ａは、利用側ユニット３ａの内部に設けられる利用側冷媒流路１３ａを有する。利用側冷媒流路１３ａは、利用側ユニット３ａの内部に配置される利用側熱交換器（熱交換器）３０ａと、利用側膨張弁３４ａと、利用側熱交換器（熱交換器）３０ａの液側端と利用側膨張弁３４ａとを接続する利用側液冷媒管３７ａと、によって構成されている。 The user-side unit 3a has a user-side refrigerant flow path 13a provided inside the user-side unit 3a. The user-side refrigerant flow path 13a is a user-side heat exchanger (heat exchanger) 30a, a user-side expansion valve 34a, and a user-side heat exchanger (heat exchanger) 30a arranged inside the user-side unit 3a. It is composed of a utilization-side liquid refrigerant pipe 37a that connects the liquid-side end and the utilization-side expansion valve 34a.
　利用側膨張弁３４ａは、冷媒を減圧しながら利用側熱交換器（熱交換器）３０ａを流れる冷媒の流量を調整することが可能な電動膨張弁であり、利用側液冷媒管３７ａに設けられている。なお、利用側膨張弁３４ａは、電動膨張弁に限定されるものではなく、温度自動膨張弁等の、他の種類の膨張弁であってもよい。 The user-side expansion valve 34a is an electric expansion valve capable of adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the user-side heat exchanger (heat exchanger) 30a while reducing the pressure of the refrigerant, and is provided in the user-side liquid refrigerant pipe 37a. ing. The utilization-side expansion valve 34a is not limited to the electric expansion valve, and may be another type of expansion valve such as a temperature automatic expansion valve.
　利用側熱交換器（熱交換器）３０ａは、冷媒の蒸発器として機能して室内空気を冷却する、又は、冷媒の放熱器として機能して室内空気を加熱する熱交換器である。利用側熱交換器（熱交換器）３０ａは、タイプを限定するものではないが、例えば、複数の伝熱管及び複数の伝熱フィンを有するフィンアンドチューブ型の熱交換器である。ここで、利用側ユニット３ａは、利用側ファン３６ａを有している。利用側ファン３６ａは、利用側熱交換器（熱交換器）３０ａを流れる冷媒の冷却源又は加熱源としての室内空気を、利用側熱交換器（熱交換器）３０ａに供給する。利用側ファン３６ａは、例えば、ターボファンやシロッコファン等の遠心ファンである。利用側ファン３６ａは、限定するものではないが、例えばインバータ制御方式のファンである。 The user-side heat exchanger (heat exchanger) 30a is a heat exchanger that functions as a refrigerant evaporator to cool the room air or functions as a refrigerant radiator to heat the room air. The user-side heat exchanger (heat exchanger) 30a is not limited in type, but is, for example, a fin-and-tube type heat exchanger having a plurality of heat transfer tubes and a plurality of heat transfer fins. Here, the user-side unit 3a has a user-side fan 36a. The user-side fan 36a supplies indoor air as a cooling source or a heating source of the refrigerant flowing through the user-side heat exchanger (heat exchanger) 30a to the user-side heat exchanger (heat exchanger) 30a. The user-side fan 36a is, for example, a centrifugal fan such as a turbo fan or a sirocco fan. The user-side fan 36a is, for example, an inverter control type fan, but is not limited to the fan.
　利用側ユニット３ａには、図示は省略するが、各種のセンサが設けられている。限定するものではないが、図示しないセンサには、利用側熱交換器（熱交換器）３０ａの液側端における冷媒の温度を検出するセンサや、利用側熱交換器（熱交換器）３０ａのガス側端における冷媒の温度を検出するセンサや、空調対象空間の温度を計測する温度センサ等を含む。また、利用側ユニット３ａには、冷媒の漏洩を検知する冷媒漏洩センサ５０ａが設けられている。本開示における冷媒漏洩センサ５０ａは、冷媒濃度がＬＦＬ／Ｘ１～ＬＦＬ／Ｘ２の範囲内にある冷媒を検知可能に構成されている。冷媒漏洩センサ５０ａは、例えば、半導体式ガスセンサや、利用側ユニット３ａ内の冷媒圧力の急激な低下を検知する検知部を採用することができる。半導体式ガスセンサを用いる場合は、利用側制御部９３ａ（図２参照）と接続する。冷媒圧力の急激な低下を検知する検知部を採用する場合は、冷媒配管に圧力センサを設置し、そのセンサ値の変化から冷媒漏洩を判断する検知アルゴリズムを、利用側制御部９３ａ内に具備させる。 Although not shown, the user-side unit 3a is provided with various sensors. Although not limited to the sensors, the sensors (not shown) include a sensor that detects the temperature of the refrigerant at the liquid side end of the user side heat exchanger (heat exchanger) 30a, and a user side heat exchanger (heat exchanger) 30a. It includes a sensor that detects the temperature of the refrigerant at the gas side end, a temperature sensor that measures the temperature of the air conditioning target space, and the like. Further, the user-side unit 3a is provided with a refrigerant leakage sensor 50a for detecting the leakage of the refrigerant. The refrigerant leakage sensor 50a in the present disclosure is configured to be capable of detecting a refrigerant having a refrigerant concentration in the range of LFL / X1 to LFL / X2. As the refrigerant leakage sensor 50a, for example, a semiconductor gas sensor or a detection unit that detects a sudden drop in the refrigerant pressure in the user-side unit 3a can be adopted. When a semiconductor gas sensor is used, it is connected to the user side control unit 93a (see FIG. 2). When adopting a detection unit that detects a sudden drop in refrigerant pressure, a pressure sensor is installed in the refrigerant piping, and a detection algorithm that determines refrigerant leakage from changes in the sensor value is provided in the user-side control unit 93a. ..
　なお、ここでは、冷媒漏洩センサ５０ａが利用側ユニット３ａに設けられているが、これに限定されるものではなく、利用側ユニット３ａを操作するためのリモコンや利用側ユニット３ａが空調を行う空調対象空間等に設けられていてもよい。 Here, the refrigerant leakage sensor 50a is provided in the user-side unit 3a, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the remote controller for operating the user-side unit 3a and the air-conditioning in which the user-side unit 3a performs air conditioning. It may be provided in the target space or the like.
　（２－３）熱源側ユニット
　熱源側ユニット２は、ビル等の建物の室外、例えば屋上や地上に設置されている。熱源側ユニット２の熱源側冷媒流路１４は、上記のように、第１連絡流路２１、第２連絡流路２２及び遮断弁７０を介して利用側ユニット３ａ、３ｂ、３ｃに接続されており、冷媒回路１０の一部を構成している。 (2-3) Heat source side unit The heat source side unit 2 is installed outdoors of a building such as a building, for example, on the rooftop or on the ground. As described above, the heat source side refrigerant flow path 14 of the heat source side unit 2 is connected to the utilization side units 3a, 3b, and 3c via the first communication flow path 21, the second communication flow path 22, and the shutoff valve 70. It constitutes a part of the refrigerant circuit 10.
　熱源側ユニット２は、主として、圧縮機２５と、熱源側熱交換器２３と、切換機構１５と、第１閉鎖弁１７ａと、第２閉鎖弁１７ｂとを有している。なお、詳細な説明は省略するが、熱源側ユニット２はケーシングを有し、熱源側ユニット２の各種構成機器は、熱源側ユニット２のケーシングの内部に収容されている。切換機構１５は、熱源側熱交換器２３を冷媒の放熱器として機能させるとともに利用側熱交換器（熱交換器）３０ａ、３０ｂ、３０ｃを冷媒の蒸発器として機能させる冷房運転状態と、熱源側熱交換器２３を冷媒の蒸発器として機能させるとともに利用側熱交換器（熱交換器）３０ａ、３０ｂ、３０ｃを冷媒の放熱器として機能させる暖房運転状態と、を切り換える。 The heat source side unit 2 mainly includes a compressor 25, a heat source side heat exchanger 23, a switching mechanism 15, a first closing valve 17a, and a second closing valve 17b. Although detailed description is omitted, the heat source side unit 2 has a casing, and various components of the heat source side unit 2 are housed inside the casing of the heat source side unit 2. The switching mechanism 15 has a cooling operation state in which the heat source side heat exchanger 23 functions as a refrigerant radiator and the utilization side heat exchangers (heat exchangers) 30a, 30b, 30c function as a refrigerant evaporator, and a heat source side. It switches between a heating operation state in which the heat exchanger 23 functions as a refrigerant evaporator and the user-side heat exchangers (heat exchangers) 30a, 30b, and 30c function as a refrigerant radiator.
　熱源側ユニット２の熱源側冷媒流路１４は、冷媒配管として、吸入管３１と、吐出管３２と、熱源側第１ガス冷媒管３３と、熱源側液冷媒管３８と、熱源側第２ガス冷媒管３５とを有する（図１参照）。吸入管３１は、切換機構１５と圧縮機２５の吸入側とを接続している。吐出管３２は、圧縮機２５の吐出側と切換機構１５とを接続している。熱源側第１ガス冷媒管３３は、切換機構１５と熱源側熱交換器２３のガス側端とを接続している。熱源側液冷媒管３８は、熱源側熱交換器２３の液側端と第１閉鎖弁１７ａとを接続している。熱源側膨張弁２６は、熱源側液冷媒管３８に設けられている。熱源側第２ガス冷媒管３５は、切換機構１５と第２閉鎖弁１７ｂとを接続している。 The heat source side refrigerant flow path 14 of the heat source side unit 2 is a suction pipe 31, a discharge pipe 32, a heat source side first gas refrigerant pipe 33, a heat source side liquid refrigerant pipe 38, and a heat source side second gas as refrigerant pipes. It has a refrigerant pipe 35 (see FIG. 1). The suction pipe 31 connects the switching mechanism 15 and the suction side of the compressor 25. The discharge pipe 32 connects the discharge side of the compressor 25 and the switching mechanism 15. The heat source side first gas refrigerant pipe 33 connects the switching mechanism 15 and the gas side end of the heat source side heat exchanger 23. The heat source side liquid refrigerant pipe 38 connects the liquid side end of the heat source side heat exchanger 23 and the first closing valve 17a. The heat source side expansion valve 26 is provided in the heat source side liquid refrigerant pipe 38. The second gas refrigerant pipe 35 on the heat source side connects the switching mechanism 15 and the second closing valve 17b.
　圧縮機２５は、冷凍サイクルにおける低圧のガス冷媒を吸入して圧縮し、冷凍サイクルにおける高圧のガス冷媒を吐出する。圧縮機２５は、例えばインバータ制御方式の圧縮機である。ただし、圧縮機２５は、定速圧縮機でもよい。 The compressor 25 sucks in and compresses the low-pressure gas refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle, and discharges the high-pressure gas refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle. The compressor 25 is, for example, an inverter-controlled compressor. However, the compressor 25 may be a constant speed compressor.
　切換機構１５は、冷媒回路１０内における冷媒の流れを切り換えることが可能な機器であり、例えば、四路切換弁からなる。熱源側熱交換器２３を冷媒の放熱器として機能させるとともに利用側熱交換器（熱交換器）３０ａ、３０ｂ、３０ｃを冷媒の蒸発器として機能させる場合（以冷房運転状態）に、切換機構１５は、圧縮機２５の吐出側と熱源側熱交換器２３のガス側とを接続する（図１の切換機構１５の実線を参照）。また、熱源側熱交換器２３を冷媒の蒸発器として機能させるとともに利用側熱交換器（熱交換器）３０ａ、３０ｂ、３０ｃを冷媒の放熱器として機能させる場合（暖房運転状態）に、切換機構１５は、圧縮機２５の吸入側と熱源側熱交換器２３のガス側とを接続する（図１の切換機構１５の破線を参照）。なお、切換機構１５は、四路切換弁を用いずに実現されてもよい。例えば、切換機構１５は、上記のような冷媒の流れ方向の切り換えを実現できるように、複数の電磁弁及び配管を組み合わせて構成されてもよい。 The switching mechanism 15 is a device capable of switching the flow of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 10, and includes, for example, a four-way switching valve. When the heat source side heat exchanger 23 functions as a refrigerant radiator and the user side heat exchangers (heat exchangers) 30a, 30b, 30c function as a refrigerant evaporator (in the cooling operation state), the switching mechanism 15 Connects the discharge side of the compressor 25 and the gas side of the heat source side heat exchanger 23 (see the solid line of the switching mechanism 15 in FIG. 1). Further, when the heat source side heat exchanger 23 functions as a refrigerant evaporator and the user side heat exchangers (heat exchangers) 30a, 30b, 30c function as a refrigerant radiator (heating operation state), a switching mechanism is used. Reference numeral 15 connects the suction side of the compressor 25 and the gas side of the heat source side heat exchanger 23 (see the broken line of the switching mechanism 15 in FIG. 1). The switching mechanism 15 may be realized without using the four-way switching valve. For example, the switching mechanism 15 may be configured by combining a plurality of solenoid valves and pipes so that the above-mentioned switching of the refrigerant flow direction can be realized.
　熱源側熱交換器２３は、冷媒の放熱器として機能する、又は、冷媒の蒸発器として機能する熱交換器である。限定するものではないが、熱源側熱交換器２３は、例えば、複数の伝熱管及び複数の伝熱フィンを有するフィンアンドチューブ型の熱交換器である。ここで、熱源側ユニット２は、熱源側ファン２４を有している。熱源側ファン２４は、熱源側ユニット２内に室外空気を吸入して、熱源側熱交換器２３において冷媒と熱交換させた後に、外部に空気を排出する。熱源側ファン２４は、熱源側ファン用モータによって駆動される。熱源側ファン２４は、例えばインバータ制御方式のファンである。ただし、熱源側ファン２４は、定速ファンでもよい。 The heat source side heat exchanger 23 is a heat exchanger that functions as a radiator for the refrigerant or as an evaporator for the refrigerant. Although not limited, the heat source side heat exchanger 23 is, for example, a fin-and-tube type heat exchanger having a plurality of heat transfer tubes and a plurality of heat transfer fins. Here, the heat source side unit 2 has a heat source side fan 24. The heat source side fan 24 sucks outdoor air into the heat source side unit 2, exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the heat source side heat exchanger 23, and then discharges the air to the outside. The heat source side fan 24 is driven by a heat source side fan motor. The heat source side fan 24 is, for example, an inverter control type fan. However, the heat source side fan 24 may be a constant speed fan.
　そして、空調システム１００の空気調和装置１では、冷房運転において、冷媒を、熱源側熱交換器２３から、第１連絡流路２１を通じて、冷媒の蒸発器として機能する利用側熱交換器（熱交換器）３０ａ、３０ｂ、３０ｃに流す。また、空気調和装置１では、暖房運転において、冷媒を、圧縮機２５から、第２連絡流路２２を通じて、冷媒の放熱器として機能する利用側熱交換器（熱交換器）３０ａ、３０ｂ、３０ｃに流す。冷房運転時には、切換機構１５が冷房運転状態に切り換えられて、熱源側熱交換器２３が冷媒の放熱器として機能し、第１連絡流路２１を通じて、熱源側ユニット２側から利用側ユニット３ａ、３ｂ、３ｃ側に冷媒が流れる状態になる。暖房運転時には、切換機構１５が暖房運転状態に切り換えられて、第１連絡流路２１を通じて、利用側ユニット３ａ、３ｂ、３ｃ側から熱源側ユニット２側に冷媒が流れ、熱源側熱交換器２３が冷媒の蒸発器として機能する状態になる。 Then, in the air conditioner 1 of the air conditioning system 100, in the cooling operation, the refrigerant is transferred from the heat source side heat exchanger 23 through the first connecting flow path 21 to the utilization side heat exchanger (heat exchange) that functions as a refrigerant evaporator. Vessel) Flow through 30a, 30b, 30c. Further, in the air conditioner 1, in the heating operation, the refrigerant is supplied from the compressor 25 through the second connecting flow path 22, and the heat exchangers (heat exchangers) 30a, 30b, 30c on the utilization side function as a radiator of the refrigerant. Flow to. During the cooling operation, the switching mechanism 15 is switched to the cooling operation state, the heat source side heat exchanger 23 functions as a radiator of the refrigerant, and the heat source side unit 2 side to the user side unit 3a, through the first communication flow path 21. The refrigerant flows to the 3b and 3c sides. During the heating operation, the switching mechanism 15 is switched to the heating operation state, and the refrigerant flows from the user side units 3a, 3b, 3c side to the heat source side unit 2 side through the first communication flow path 21, and the heat source side heat exchanger 23 Is in a state of functioning as a refrigerant evaporator.
　また、ここでは、熱源側液冷媒管３８に、熱源側膨張弁２６が設けられている。熱源側膨張弁２６は、暖房運転時に冷媒を減圧する電動膨張弁であり、熱源側液冷媒管３８のうち、熱源側熱交換器２３の液側端寄りの部分に設けられている。なお、熱源側膨張弁２６は、電動膨張弁に限定されるものではなく、温度自動膨張弁等、他の種類の膨張弁であってもよい。 Further, here, the heat source side liquid refrigerant pipe 38 is provided with the heat source side expansion valve 26. The heat source side expansion valve 26 is an electric expansion valve that reduces the pressure of the refrigerant during the heating operation, and is provided in a portion of the heat source side liquid refrigerant pipe 38 near the liquid side end of the heat source side heat exchanger 23. The heat source side expansion valve 26 is not limited to the electric expansion valve, and may be another type of expansion valve such as a temperature automatic expansion valve.
　熱源側ユニット２には、図示は省略するが、各種のセンサが設けられている。限定するものではないが、熱源側ユニット２に設けられるセンサは、吸入管３１及び吐出管３２に設けられる温度センサや圧力センサ、熱源側熱交換器２３及び熱源側液冷媒管３８に設けられる温度センサ、熱源空気の温度を計測する温度センサ等を含む。ただし、熱源側ユニット２は、これらの全てのセンサを有している必要はない。 Although not shown, the heat source side unit 2 is provided with various sensors. Although not limited, the sensors provided in the heat source side unit 2 are the temperature sensors and pressure sensors provided in the suction pipe 31 and the discharge pipe 32, the temperature provided in the heat source side heat exchanger 23 and the heat source side liquid refrigerant pipe 38. Includes sensors, temperature sensors that measure the temperature of heat source air, and the like. However, the heat source side unit 2 does not have to have all of these sensors.
　（２－４）制御部
　制御部１９は、図２に示すように、熱源側制御部９２と、利用側制御部９３ａ、９３ｂ、９３ｃとが、伝送線９０を介して接続されることによって構成されている。熱源側制御部９２は、熱源側ユニット２の構成機器を制御する。利用側制御部９３ａ、９３ｂ、９３ｃは、利用側ユニット３ａ、３ｂ、３ｃの構成機器と、第１遮断弁７１ａ、７１ｂ、７１ｃと、第２遮断弁７２ａ、７２ｂ、７２ｃとを制御する。熱源側ユニット２に設けられた熱源側制御部９２と、利用側ユニット３ａ、３ｂ、３ｃに設けられた利用側制御部９３ａ、９３ｂ、９３ｃとは、互いに、伝送線９０を介して制御信号等の情報のやりとりを行うことができる。 (2-4) Control unit The control unit 19 is configured by connecting the heat source side control unit 92 and the user side control units 93a, 93b, 93c via a transmission line 90, as shown in FIG. Has been done. The heat source side control unit 92 controls the constituent devices of the heat source side unit 2. The user- side control units 93a, 93b, 93c control the components of the user- side units 3a, 3b, and 3c, the first shutoff valves 71a, 71b, 71c, and the second shutoff valves 72a, 72b, 72c. The heat source side control unit 92 provided in the heat source side unit 2 and the user side control units 93a, 93b, 93c provided in the user side units 3a, 3b, and 3c are connected to each other via a transmission line 90, such as a control signal. Information can be exchanged.
　熱源側制御部９２は、マイクロコンピュータやメモリ等の電装品が実装された制御基板を含んでおり、例えば熱源側ユニット２の各種構成機器１５、１７ａ、１７ｂ、２３、２４、２５、２６や、図示しない各種センサ等が接続されている。利用側制御部９３ａ、９３ｂ、９３ｃは、マイクロコンピュータやメモリ等の電装品が実装された制御基板を含んでおり、例えば利用側ユニット３ａ、３ｂ、３ｃの各種構成機器３０ａ、３０ｂ、３０ｃ、３４ａ、３４ｂ、３４ｃ、３６ａ、３６ｂ、３６ｃや、各種遮断弁７１ａ、７１ｂ、７１ｃ及び７２ａ、７２ｂ、７２ｃや、冷媒漏洩センサ５０ａ、５０ｂ、５０ｃや、図示しない各種センサ等が接続されている。 The heat source side control unit 92 includes a control board on which electrical components such as a microcomputer and a memory are mounted. For example, various constituent devices 15, 17a, 17b, 23, 24, 25, 26 of the heat source side unit 2 and the like. Various sensors (not shown) are connected. The user- side control units 93a, 93b, and 93c include a control board on which electrical components such as a microcomputer and a memory are mounted. For example, various constituent devices 30a, 30b, 30c, and 34a of the user- side units 3a, 3b, and 3c are mounted. , 34b, 34c, 36a, 36b, 36c, various shutoff valves 71a, 71b, 71c and 72a, 72b, 72c, refrigerant leakage sensors 50a, 50b, 50c, various sensors (not shown), and the like are connected.
　このように、制御部１９は、空気調和装置１全体の運転制御を行う。具体的には、上記のような図示しない各種センサや、冷媒漏洩センサ５０ａ、５０ｂ、５０ｃの検出信号等に基づいて、空気調和装置１の各種構成機器１５、１７ａ、１７ｂ、２３、２４、２５、２６、３０ａ、３０ｂ、３０ｃ、３４ａ、３４ｂ、３４ｃ、３６ａ、３６ｂ、３６ｃ、７１ａ、７１ｂ、７１ｃ、７２ａ、７２ｂ、７２ｃの制御を、制御部１９が行う。 In this way, the control unit 19 controls the operation of the entire air conditioner 1. Specifically, based on various sensors (not shown) as described above, detection signals of the refrigerant leakage sensors 50a, 50b, 50c, etc., various constituent devices 15, 17a, 17b, 23, 24, 25 of the air conditioner 1 , 26, 30a, 30b, 30c, 34a, 34b, 34c, 36a, 36b, 36c, 71a, 71b, 71c, 72a, 72b, 72c are controlled by the control unit 19.
　（３）冷媒漏洩時の空気調和装置の動作
　次に、冷媒漏洩時の空気調和装置１の動作について、図３を参照して説明する。以下に説明する冷媒漏洩時の空気調和装置１の動作は、上記の基本動作と同様に、空気調和装置１の構成機器を制御する制御部１９によって行われる。 (3) Operation of Air Conditioning Device at the Time of Refrigerant Leakage Next, the operation of the air conditioner 1 at the time of refrigerant leakage will be described with reference to FIG. The operation of the air conditioner 1 at the time of refrigerant leakage described below is performed by the control unit 19 that controls the constituent devices of the air conditioner 1 in the same manner as the above-mentioned basic operation.
　いずれの第１部分１１ａ、１１ｂ、１１ｃにおいて冷媒漏洩があったとしても、同様の制御を行うため、ここでは、第１部分１１ａにおいて冷媒漏洩が検知された場合、を例にとって説明を行う。 Even if there is a refrigerant leak in any of the first portions 11a, 11b, 11c, the same control is performed. Therefore, here, a case where a refrigerant leak is detected in the first portion 11a will be described as an example.
　図３のステップＳ１では、利用側ユニット３ａ、３ｂ、３ｃの冷媒漏洩センサ５０ａ、５０ｂ、５０ｃのいずれかが冷媒の漏洩を検知しているか否かが判断される。ここで、利用側ユニット３ａの冷媒漏洩センサ５０ａが、第１部分１１ａにおいて冷媒の漏洩を検知した場合、次のステップＳ２に移行する。 In step S1 of FIG. 3, it is determined whether or not any of the refrigerant leakage sensors 50a, 50b, and 50c of the user- side units 3a, 3b, and 3c has detected the refrigerant leakage. Here, when the refrigerant leakage sensor 50a of the user-side unit 3a detects the leakage of the refrigerant in the first portion 11a, the process proceeds to the next step S2.
　ステップＳ２では、冷媒漏洩があった第１部分１１ａにおいて、ブザーなどの警告音による発報及びライトの点灯を行う警報器（図示せず）を使って、利用側ユニット３ａの設置空間（空調対象空間）に居る人に警報を発する。 In step S2, in the first portion 11a where the refrigerant leaked, the installation space of the user-side unit 3a (air-conditioning target) was used by using an alarm (not shown) that issues a warning sound such as a buzzer and turns on the light. It issues an alarm to people in the space).
　次に、ステップＳ３では、冷媒漏洩があった第１部分１１ａに対応する遮断弁である第１遮断弁７１ａ、第２遮断弁７２ａを閉める。これにより、第１遮断弁７１ａ、第２遮断弁７２ａの上流側と下流側とが切り離され、第１部分１１ａと第２部分１２との冷媒の流通が無くなる。これにより、第２部分１２や第１部分１１ｂ、１１ｃから第１部分１１ａへの冷媒の流入が無くなる。 Next, in step S3, the first shutoff valve 71a and the second shutoff valve 72a, which are shutoff valves corresponding to the first portion 11a where the refrigerant leaked, are closed. As a result, the upstream side and the downstream side of the first shutoff valve 71a and the second shutoff valve 72a are separated from each other, and the flow of the refrigerant between the first portion 11a and the second portion 12 is eliminated. As a result, the inflow of the refrigerant from the second portion 12 and the first portions 11b and 11c to the first portion 11a is eliminated.
　（４）冷媒遮断弁の配置位置の決定方法
　（４－１）
　第１部分１１ａで冷媒漏洩が発生した場合、冷媒回路１０に封入されている全ての冷媒が空調対象空間に漏洩する恐れがある。このため、冷媒漏洩センサ５０ａが冷媒漏洩を検知したとき、制御部１９は、第１遮断弁７１ａ及び第２遮断弁７２ａを遮断する。これにより、第１部分１１ａと第２部分１２との冷媒の流通が遮断されるため、冷媒回路１０に封入されている全ての冷媒が空調対象空間に漏洩することが防止される。この場合、第１部分１１ａに含まれる冷媒の総量が、空調対象空間に漏洩すると考えられる冷媒の総量である。第１部分１１ａに含まれる冷媒の総量の最大値は、利用側冷媒流路１３ａの容積や、利用側第１連絡流路２１ａａの容積、利用側第２連絡流路２２ａａの容積から算出可能である。利用側冷媒流路１３ａの容積や、利用側第１連絡流路２１ａａの容積、利用側第２連絡流路２２ａａの容積が大きいほど、第１部分１１ａに含まれる冷媒の総量の最大値は大きくなる。 (4) Method of determining the arrangement position of the refrigerant shutoff valve (4-1)
When a refrigerant leak occurs in the first portion 11a, all the refrigerant sealed in the refrigerant circuit 10 may leak into the air-conditioned space. Therefore, when the refrigerant leakage sensor 50a detects the refrigerant leakage, the control unit 19 shuts off the first shutoff valve 71a and the second shutoff valve 72a. As a result, the flow of the refrigerant between the first portion 11a and the second portion 12 is blocked, so that all the refrigerants sealed in the refrigerant circuit 10 are prevented from leaking into the air-conditioned space. In this case, the total amount of the refrigerant contained in the first portion 11a is the total amount of the refrigerant considered to leak into the air-conditioned space. The maximum value of the total amount of the refrigerant contained in the first portion 11a can be calculated from the volume of the utilization side refrigerant flow path 13a, the volume of the utilization side first communication flow path 21aa, and the volume of the utilization side second communication flow path 22aa. is there. The larger the volume of the utilization-side refrigerant flow path 13a, the volume of the utilization-side first communication flow path 21aa, and the volume of the utilization-side second communication flow path 22aa, the larger the maximum value of the total amount of refrigerant contained in the first portion 11a. Become.
　第１部分１１ａに含まれる冷媒量が多く、空調対象空間の容積が小さい場合、空調対象空間に漏洩した冷媒の冷媒濃度が大きくなる恐れがある。言い換えると、利用側冷媒流路１３ａの容積や、利用側第１連絡流路２１ａａの容積、利用側第２連絡流路２２ａａの容積が大きく、空調対象空間の容積が小さい場合、空調対象空間の床面近傍における冷媒Ｒ３２の冷媒濃度が大きくなり、LFL／安全率を超過する恐れがある。なお、LFL（Lower Flammability Limit；燃焼下限濃度）は、ISO817で定められた、冷媒と空気とを均一に混合させた状態で火炎を伝播することが可能な冷媒の最小濃度である。従って、第１部分１１ａに存在する冷媒の全てが空調対象空間に漏洩した場合であっても、空調対象空間のLFL／安全率を超過する恐れがない位置に、第１遮断弁７１ａ及び第２遮断弁７２ａは配置される必要がある。 If the amount of refrigerant contained in the first portion 11a is large and the volume of the air-conditioned space is small, the refrigerant concentration of the refrigerant leaked into the air-conditioned space may increase. In other words, when the volume of the utilization-side refrigerant flow path 13a, the volume of the utilization-side first communication flow path 21aa, and the volume of the utilization-side second communication flow path 22aa are large and the volume of the air-conditioning target space is small, the air-conditioning target space The refrigerant concentration of the refrigerant R32 near the floor surface may increase, and the LFL / safety ratio may be exceeded. The LFL (Lower Flammability Limit) is the minimum concentration of the refrigerant that can propagate the flame in a state where the refrigerant and air are uniformly mixed, as defined by ISO817. Therefore, even if all of the refrigerant existing in the first portion 11a leaks into the air-conditioned space, the first shutoff valve 71a and the second shutoff valve 71a and the second are located at positions where there is no risk of exceeding the LFL / safety factor of the air-conditioned space. The shutoff valve 72a needs to be arranged.
　（４－２）第２範囲
　空気調和装置１の冷媒回路１０は、第１遮断弁７１ａと第２遮断弁７２ａとによって、第１部分１１ａと第２部分１２とに区分される。第１部分１１ａは、利用側冷媒流路１３ａと、利用側第１連絡流路２１ａａ及び利用側第２連絡流路２２ａａを有する。第１部分１１ａに含まれる冷媒の総量が、空調対象空間に漏洩すると考えられる冷媒の総量であり、第１部分１１ａに含まれる冷媒の総量の最大値は、利用側冷媒流路１３ａの容積や、利用側第１連絡流路２１ａａの容積、利用側第２連絡流路２２ａａの容積から算出可能である。言い換えると、第１遮断弁７１ａと第２遮断弁７２ａとが冷媒回路１０に配置される位置により、第１部分１１ａに含まれる冷媒の総量の最大値は変化する。例えば、第１遮断弁７１ａ及び第２遮断弁７２ａが、冷媒回路１０における利用側ユニット３ａの位置から離れた位置に配置された場合、利用側第１連絡流路２１ａａの容積、利用側第２連絡流路２２ａａの容積が大きくなるため、第１部分１１ａに含まれる冷媒の総量の最大値は大きくなる。 (4-2) Second Range The refrigerant circuit 10 of the air conditioner 1 is divided into a first portion 11a and a second portion 12 by a first shutoff valve 71a and a second shutoff valve 72a. The first portion 11a has a utilization-side refrigerant flow path 13a, a utilization-side first communication flow path 21aa, and a utilization-side second communication flow path 22aa. The total amount of the refrigerant contained in the first portion 11a is the total amount of the refrigerant considered to leak into the air-conditioned space, and the maximum value of the total amount of the refrigerant contained in the first portion 11a is the volume of the refrigerant flow path 13a on the user side. It can be calculated from the volume of the first connecting flow path 21aa on the user side and the volume of the second connecting flow path 22aa on the user side. In other words, the maximum value of the total amount of the refrigerant contained in the first portion 11a changes depending on the position where the first shutoff valve 71a and the second shutoff valve 72a are arranged in the refrigerant circuit 10. For example, when the first shutoff valve 71a and the second shutoff valve 72a are arranged at positions away from the position of the use side unit 3a in the refrigerant circuit 10, the volume of the use side first communication flow path 21aa and the use side second Since the volume of the connecting flow path 22aa is increased, the maximum value of the total amount of the refrigerant contained in the first portion 11a is increased.
　第１部分１１ａにおいて冷媒漏洩が発生した場合、第１遮断弁７１ａ及び第２遮断弁７２ａが冷媒回路１０に配置される位置によって、空調対象空間に漏洩する冷媒の冷媒濃度は変化する。本開示において、第１遮断弁７１ａ及び第２遮断弁７２ａは、第１部分１１ａに所定の温度と所定の圧力と所定の相状態とで存在する冷媒の全てが空調対象空間に漏洩したと仮定したときに、空調対象空間の冷媒濃度が第２範囲内となるような位置に配置される。第２範囲とは、空調対象空間における冷媒漏洩を原因とする燃焼事故の発生が抑制可能であると考えられる冷媒濃度の範囲である。第２範囲は、ＬＦＬ／Ｙ１～ＬＦＬ／Ｙ２である。Ｙ１及びＹ２は安全率である。第２範囲をＢとすると、限定するものではないが、第２範囲は例えば、ＬＦＬ／１００＜Ｂ＜ＬＦＬ／１である。第１部分１１ａにおいて冷媒漏洩が発生し、空調対象空間に冷媒が漏洩した場合であっても、空調対象空間における冷媒濃度が第２範囲内にあるとき、燃焼事故の発生が抑制される。 When a refrigerant leak occurs in the first portion 11a, the refrigerant concentration of the refrigerant leaking into the air-conditioned space changes depending on the position where the first shutoff valve 71a and the second shutoff valve 72a are arranged in the refrigerant circuit 10. In the present disclosure, it is assumed that in the first shutoff valve 71a and the second shutoff valve 72a, all of the refrigerant existing in the first portion 11a at a predetermined temperature, a predetermined pressure, and a predetermined phase state leaks into the air-conditioned space. At that time, it is arranged at a position where the refrigerant concentration in the air-conditioned space is within the second range. The second range is the range of the refrigerant concentration that is considered to be able to suppress the occurrence of a combustion accident caused by the leakage of the refrigerant in the air-conditioned space. The second range is LFL / Y1 to LFL / Y2. Y1 and Y2 are safety factors. Assuming that the second range is B, the second range is, for example, LFL / 100 <B <LFL / 1. Even when a refrigerant leaks in the first portion 11a and the refrigerant leaks into the air-conditioned space, the occurrence of a combustion accident is suppressed when the refrigerant concentration in the air-conditioned space is within the second range.
　（４－３）第１範囲
　上記の通り、第１部分１１ａにおいて冷媒漏洩が発生した場合は、冷媒漏洩センサ５０ａが冷媒漏洩を検知した後に、制御部１９が第１遮断弁７１ａ及び第２遮断弁７２ａに第１部分１１ａと第２部分１２との冷媒の流通を遮断させる。言い換えると、冷媒漏洩センサ５０ａが冷媒漏洩を検知して初めて、制御部１９は第１遮断弁７１ａ及び第２遮断弁７２ａに第１部分１１ａと第２部分１２との冷媒の流通を遮断させることができる。 (4-3) First Range As described above, when a refrigerant leak occurs in the first portion 11a, after the refrigerant leak sensor 50a detects the refrigerant leak, the control unit 19 performs the first shutoff valve 71a and the second shutoff. The valve 72a is made to block the flow of the refrigerant between the first portion 11a and the second portion 12. In other words, only when the refrigerant leakage sensor 50a detects the refrigerant leakage, the control unit 19 causes the first shutoff valve 71a and the second shutoff valve 72a to shut off the flow of the refrigerant between the first portion 11a and the second portion 12. Can be done.
　このことから、冷媒漏洩センサ５０ａが検知可能な冷媒濃度が上記の第２範囲よりも大きな濃度である場合は、第１遮断弁７１ａ及び第２遮断弁７２ａが第１部分１１ａと第２部分１２との流通を遮断するより先に、第２範囲を超過する量の冷媒が第１部分１１ａから空調対象空間に漏洩することが考えられる。 From this, when the refrigerant concentration that can be detected by the refrigerant leakage sensor 50a is higher than the above-mentioned second range, the first shutoff valve 71a and the second shutoff valve 72a are the first portion 11a and the second portion 12 It is conceivable that an amount of the refrigerant exceeding the second range leaks from the first portion 11a into the air-conditioned space before blocking the flow with the above.
　上記の事情に鑑みて、冷媒漏洩センサ５０ａは、第２範囲の冷媒濃度よりも小さい冷媒濃度である第１範囲内にある冷媒を検知可能に構成される。第１範囲は、ＬＦＬ／Ｘ１～ＬＦＬ／Ｘ２である。Ｘ１及びＸ２は安全率である。第１範囲をＡとすると、限定するものではないが、第１範囲は例えば、ＬＦＬ／１００≦Ａ≦ＬＦＬ／４である。 In view of the above circumstances, the refrigerant leakage sensor 50a is configured to be capable of detecting a refrigerant in the first range, which is a refrigerant concentration smaller than the refrigerant concentration in the second range. The first range is LFL / X1 to LFL / X2. X1 and X2 are safety factors. Assuming that the first range is A, the first range is, for example, LFL / 100 ≦ A ≦ LFL / 4, although it is not limited.
　一般に、冷媒漏洩を原因とする空調対象空間における燃焼事故は、空調対象空間における燃焼下限濃度を超過するほどの多量の冷媒が空調対象空間に漏洩することで発生する。本開示における冷媒漏洩センサ５０ａは、冷媒濃度が第１範囲内にある冷媒の検知が可能である。第１範囲内にある冷媒の冷媒濃度は、第２範囲内にある冷媒の冷媒濃度よりも小さい。言い換えると、冷媒漏洩センサ５０ａは、冷媒濃度が小さい（薄い）冷媒であっても、検知が可能である。これにより、制御部１９は、冷媒漏洩センサ５０ａが冷媒漏洩を検知した後に、空調対象空間の冷媒濃度が第２範囲内となるように第１遮断弁７１ａ及び第２遮断弁７２ａを制御可能である。 Generally, a combustion accident in an air-conditioned space caused by refrigerant leakage occurs when a large amount of refrigerant that exceeds the lower limit combustion concentration in the air-conditioned space leaks into the air-conditioned space. The refrigerant leakage sensor 50a in the present disclosure can detect a refrigerant having a refrigerant concentration within the first range. The refrigerant concentration of the refrigerant in the first range is smaller than the refrigerant concentration of the refrigerant in the second range. In other words, the refrigerant leakage sensor 50a can detect even a refrigerant having a small (thin) refrigerant concentration. As a result, the control unit 19 can control the first shutoff valve 71a and the second shutoff valve 72a so that the refrigerant concentration in the air-conditioned space is within the second range after the refrigerant leak sensor 50a detects the refrigerant leak. is there.
　（４－４）第１範囲と第２範囲との関係
　上記の通り、第２範囲は空調対象空間における冷媒漏洩を原因とする燃焼事故の発生が抑制可能であると考えられる冷媒濃度の範囲である。また、上記の通り、冷媒漏洩センサ５０ａが、冷媒濃度が第２範囲にある冷媒の検知ができない場合、空調対象空間に第２範囲を超過する冷媒が漏洩する恐れがある。 (4-4) Relationship between the first range and the second range As described above, the second range is the range of the refrigerant concentration that is considered to be able to suppress the occurrence of combustion accidents caused by the leakage of the refrigerant in the air-conditioned space. is there. Further, as described above, if the refrigerant leakage sensor 50a cannot detect the refrigerant having the refrigerant concentration in the second range, the refrigerant exceeding the second range may leak into the air-conditioned space.
　このことから、本開示において、第１範囲のＸ１は第２範囲のＹ１よりも大きく、第１範囲のＸ２は第２範囲のＹ２よりも大きくなるよう決定される。言い換えると、第１範囲のＸ１に代入される数値は第２範囲のＹ１に代入される数値よりも大きく、第１範囲のＸ２に代入される数値は第２範囲のＹ２に代入される数値よりも大きい。例えば第１範囲の安全率Ｘ１が５０であり、安全率Ｘ２が４であるならば、第２範囲の安全率Ｙ１は例えば４９であり、安全率Ｙ２は例えば１である。このようにして、第１範囲の冷媒濃度は第２範囲の冷媒濃度よりも確実に小さくなり、冷媒漏洩センサ５０ａは、第２範囲を超過する量の冷媒が空調対象空間に漏洩するより先に、冷媒漏洩を検知可能となる。 From this, in the present disclosure, it is determined that X1 in the first range is larger than Y1 in the second range, and X2 in the first range is larger than Y2 in the second range. In other words, the numerical value assigned to X1 in the first range is larger than the numerical value assigned to Y1 in the second range, and the numerical value assigned to X2 in the first range is larger than the numerical value assigned to Y2 in the second range. Is also big. For example, if the safety factor X1 in the first range is 50 and the safety factor X2 is 4, the safety factor Y1 in the second range is, for example, 49, and the safety factor Y2 is, for example, 1. In this way, the refrigerant concentration in the first range is surely smaller than the refrigerant concentration in the second range, and the refrigerant leakage sensor 50a has the refrigerant leakage sensor 50a before the amount of the refrigerant exceeding the second range leaks into the air-conditioned space. , Refrigerant leakage can be detected.
　また、Ｘ１はＹ１よりも大きく、Ｘ２はＹ２よりも大きいとは、言い換えると、ＬＦＬ／Ｙ１はＬＦＬ／Ｘ１よりも大きな冷媒濃度であり、ＬＦＬ／Ｙ２はＬＦＬ／Ｘ２よりも大きな冷媒濃度であることを意味する。さらに言い換えると、ＬＦＬ／Ｙ１はＬＦＬ／Ｘ１よりも冷媒濃度が濃く、ＬＦＬ／Ｙ２はＬＦＬ／Ｘ２よりも冷媒濃度が濃いことを意味する。このことから、第１範囲をＡとして、第２範囲をＢとすると、第１範囲や第２範囲とは、以下のような式を満たす範囲であると言える。
（式１）：ＬＦＬ／１００≦Ａ≦ＬＦＬ／４
（式２）：ＬＦＬ／１００＜Ｂ＜ＬＦＬ／１ Further, X1 is larger than Y1 and X2 is larger than Y2. In other words, LFL / Y1 has a higher refrigerant concentration than LFL / X1, and LFL / Y2 has a higher refrigerant concentration than LFL / X2. Means that. In other words, LFL / Y1 has a higher refrigerant concentration than LFL / X1, and LFL / Y2 has a higher refrigerant concentration than LFL / X2. From this, if the first range is A and the second range is B, it can be said that the first range and the second range are ranges that satisfy the following equations.
(Equation 1): LFL / 100≤A≤LFL / 4
(Equation 2): LFL / 100 <B <LFL / 1
　Ａ及びＢが上記の式１及び式２を満たすとき、冷媒漏洩センサ５０ａは、第２範囲にある冷媒を検知可能である。 When A and B satisfy the above equations 1 and 2, the refrigerant leakage sensor 50a can detect the refrigerant in the second range.
　（４－５）冷媒遮断弁の配置位置の決定方法
　上記で説明した内容に従って、第１遮断弁７１ａ及び第２遮断弁７２ａの冷媒回路１０における配置位置の決定方法の一例を説明する。限定するものではないが、最初に、第１部分１１ａから冷媒漏洩が発生した場合に空調対象空間における冷媒漏洩を原因とする燃焼事故の発生が抑制可能であると考えられる冷媒濃度の範囲である第２範囲、を決定する。次に、冷媒漏洩センサ５０ａが検出可能な冷媒濃度の範囲である、第１範囲を決定する。このとき、冷媒漏洩センサ５０ａに、冷媒濃度が第２範囲にある冷媒を確実に検出させるために、第１範囲の冷媒濃度は第２範囲の冷媒濃度よりも小さくする。最後に、第１部分１１ａで冷媒漏洩が発生したとしても空調対象空間に漏洩する冷媒が第２範囲内となるような位置に、第１遮断弁７１ａ及び第２遮断弁７２ａを配置する。第１遮断弁７１ａ及び第２遮断弁７２ａの配置される位置が利用側ユニット３ａから離れるほど、利用側第１連絡流路２１ａａの容積や利用側第２連絡流路２２ａａの容積が大きくなるため、第２範囲を超過し得る量の冷媒が第１部分１１ａに含まれる恐れがある。従って、利用側冷媒流路１３ａの容積、利用側第１連絡流路２１ａａの容積、利用側第２連絡流路２２ａａの容積、空調対象空間の容積、に基づいて、第１遮断弁７１ａ及び第２遮断弁７２ａを配置する。このようにして、第１遮断弁７１ａ及び第２遮断弁７２ａの冷媒回路１０における配置位置を決定する。 (4-5) Method for Determining Arrangement Position of Refrigerant Shutoff Valve An example of a method for determining the arrangement position of the first shutoff valve 71a and the second shutoff valve 72a in the refrigerant circuit 10 will be described according to the contents described above. Although not limited, it is the range of the refrigerant concentration that is considered to be able to suppress the occurrence of a combustion accident caused by the refrigerant leakage in the air-conditioned space when the refrigerant leaks from the first portion 11a. The second range is determined. Next, the first range, which is the range of the refrigerant concentration that can be detected by the refrigerant leakage sensor 50a, is determined. At this time, in order for the refrigerant leakage sensor 50a to reliably detect the refrigerant having the refrigerant concentration in the second range, the refrigerant concentration in the first range is made smaller than the refrigerant concentration in the second range. Finally, the first shutoff valve 71a and the second shutoff valve 72a are arranged at positions where the refrigerant leaking into the air-conditioned space is within the second range even if the refrigerant leaks in the first portion 11a. As the positions where the first shutoff valve 71a and the second shutoff valve 72a are arranged are farther from the use side unit 3a, the volume of the use side first communication flow path 21aa and the volume of the use side second communication flow path 22aa become larger. , The first portion 11a may contain an amount of refrigerant that may exceed the second range. Therefore, the first shutoff valve 71a and the first shutoff valve 71a are based on the volume of the utilization side refrigerant flow path 13a, the volume of the utilization side first communication flow path 21aa, the volume of the utilization side second communication flow path 22aa, and the volume of the air conditioning target space. 2 Arrange the shutoff valve 72a. In this way, the arrangement positions of the first shutoff valve 71a and the second shutoff valve 72a in the refrigerant circuit 10 are determined.
　第１遮断弁７１ａ及び第２遮断弁７２ａの冷媒回路１０における配置位置の決定方法は上記のものに限られず、最初に、第１範囲を決定してもよい。例えば、冷媒漏洩センサ５０ａとして、第１範囲内のある濃度を検出可能な冷媒漏洩センサ５０ａを決定する。次に、第２範囲内の冷媒の濃度が、第１範囲内の冷媒の濃度よりも大きくなる（濃くなる）ように、第２範囲を決定する。これにより、冷媒漏洩センサ５０ａは、第２範囲よりも小さい（薄い）冷媒を検出可能となる。最後に、第１部分１１ａで冷媒漏洩が発生したとしても空調対象空間に漏洩する冷媒が第２範囲内となるような位置に、第１遮断弁７１ａ及び第２遮断弁７２ａを配置する。第２範囲の上限は、ＬＦＬ／１より小さい値である。 The method of determining the arrangement position of the first shutoff valve 71a and the second shutoff valve 72a in the refrigerant circuit 10 is not limited to the above, and the first range may be determined first. For example, as the refrigerant leakage sensor 50a, a refrigerant leakage sensor 50a capable of detecting a certain concentration within the first range is determined. Next, the second range is determined so that the concentration of the refrigerant in the second range becomes larger (more concentrated) than the concentration of the refrigerant in the first range. As a result, the refrigerant leakage sensor 50a can detect a refrigerant smaller (thinner) than the second range. Finally, the first shutoff valve 71a and the second shutoff valve 72a are arranged at positions where the refrigerant leaking into the air-conditioned space is within the second range even if the refrigerant leaks in the first portion 11a. The upper limit of the second range is a value smaller than LFL / 1.
　（５）特徴
　（５－１）
　第１観点の空調システム１００は、冷媒回路１０と、熱交換器３０ａ、３０ｂ、３０ｃと、遮断弁７０と、冷媒漏洩センサ５０ａ、５０ｂ、５０ｃと、を備える。冷媒回路１０は、第１部分１１ａ、１１ｂ、１１ｃと第２部分１２とを有する。熱交換器３０ａ、３０ｂ、３０ｃは、第１部分１１ａ、１１ｂ、１１ｃに設けられ、冷媒と空調対象空間の空気とを熱交換させることで空調対象空間の空気の冷却又は加熱を行う。遮断弁７０は、冷媒回路１０に設けられ、第１部分１１ａ、１１ｂ、１１ｃと第２部分１２との連通を遮断する。冷媒漏洩センサ５０ａ、５０ｂ、５０ｃは、第１部分１１ａ、１１ｂ、１１ｃから漏洩した冷媒を検知する。冷媒漏洩センサ５０ａ、５０ｂ、５０ｃは、冷媒濃度が第１範囲内にあることを検知する。遮断弁７０は、第１部分１１ａ、１１ｂ、１１ｃに存在する冷媒が全て空調対象空間に漏洩したと仮定したときに、空調対象空間の冷媒濃度が、第１範囲よりも大きい範囲である第２範囲内となるように配置される。 (5) Features (5-1)
The air conditioning system 100 of the first aspect includes a refrigerant circuit 10, heat exchangers 30a, 30b, 30c, a shutoff valve 70, and a refrigerant leakage sensor 50a, 50b, 50c. The refrigerant circuit 10 has a first portion 11a, 11b, 11c and a second portion 12. The heat exchangers 30a, 30b, and 30c are provided in the first portions 11a, 11b, and 11c, and cool or heat the air in the air conditioning target space by exchanging heat between the refrigerant and the air in the air conditioning target space. The shutoff valve 70 is provided in the refrigerant circuit 10 and cuts off communication between the first portions 11a, 11b, 11c and the second portion 12. The refrigerant leakage sensors 50a, 50b, 50c detect the refrigerant leaked from the first portions 11a, 11b, 11c. The refrigerant leakage sensors 50a, 50b, and 50c detect that the refrigerant concentration is within the first range. The shutoff valve 70 has a second range in which the refrigerant concentration in the air-conditioned space is larger than the first range, assuming that all the refrigerants present in the first portions 11a, 11b, and 11c have leaked into the air-conditioned space. Arranged so as to be within the range.
　第１観点の空調システム１００は、例えば第１部分１１ａに存在する冷媒の全てが空調対象空間に漏洩した場合であっても、空調対象空間の冷媒濃度が第２範囲内となるような位置に遮断弁７０が配置される。これにより、空調対象空間の冷媒濃度がＬＦＬを超過することが抑制される。 The air conditioning system 100 of the first aspect is positioned so that the refrigerant concentration in the air conditioning target space is within the second range even when all the refrigerant existing in the first portion 11a leaks into the air conditioning target space, for example. The shutoff valve 70 is arranged. As a result, it is possible to prevent the refrigerant concentration in the air-conditioned space from exceeding LFL.
　さらに、第１観点の空調システム１００は、第２範囲の冷媒濃度が第１範囲の冷媒濃度よりも大きい。これにより、例えば第１部分１１ａで冷媒漏洩が発生した場合、遮断弁７０が第１部分１１ａと第２部分１２との流通を遮断するより先に、空調対象空間のLFL／安全率を超過する量の冷媒が第１部分１１ａから漏洩することが抑制される。 Further, in the air conditioning system 100 of the first aspect, the refrigerant concentration in the second range is higher than the refrigerant concentration in the first range. As a result, for example, when a refrigerant leak occurs in the first portion 11a, the shutoff valve 70 exceeds the LFL / safety factor of the air-conditioned space before blocking the flow between the first portion 11a and the second portion 12. The amount of refrigerant leaking from the first portion 11a is suppressed.
　（５－２）
　第２観点の空調システム１００は、第１観点の空調システム１００であって、冷媒の燃焼下限濃度をＬＦＬ［ｋｇ／ｍ３］としたときに、第１範囲は、ＬＦＬ／Ｘ１～ＬＦＬ／Ｘ２であり、第２範囲は、ＬＦＬ／Ｙ１～ＬＦＬ／Ｙ２である。Ｘ１はＹ１よりも大きく、Ｘ２はＹ２よりも大きい。 (5-2)
The air-conditioning system 100 of the second aspect is the air-conditioning system 100 of the first aspect, and when the combustion lower limit concentration of the refrigerant is LFL [kg / m 3 ], the first range is LFL / X1 to LFL / X2. The second range is LFL / Y1 to LFL / Y2. X1 is larger than Y1 and X2 is larger than Y2.
　第２観点の空調システム１００は、空調対象空間のＬＦＬよりも冷媒濃度が小さくなるように第１範囲及び第２範囲を設定する。これにより、空調対象空間の冷媒濃度がＬＦＬを超過することが抑制される。 The air conditioning system 100 of the second viewpoint sets the first range and the second range so that the refrigerant concentration is smaller than the LFL of the air conditioning target space. As a result, it is possible to prevent the refrigerant concentration in the air-conditioned space from exceeding LFL.
　なお、Ｘ１はＹ１よりも大きく、Ｘ２はＹ２よりも大きいとは、言い換えると、ＬＦＬ／Ｙ１はＬＦＬ／Ｘ１よりも大きく、ＬＦＬ／Ｙ２はＬＦＬ／Ｘ２よりも大きいことを意味する。 Note that X1 is larger than Y1 and X2 is larger than Y2, in other words, LFL / Y1 is larger than LFL / X1, and LFL / Y2 is larger than LFL / X2.
　なお、第１範囲がＬＦＬ／Ｘ１～ＬＦＬ／Ｘ２であるとは、第１範囲をＡとして言い換えると、ＬＦＬ／Ｘ１≦Ａ≦ＬＦＬ／Ｘ２であることを意味する。 Note that the first range being LFL / X1 to LFL / X2 means that the first range is LFL / X1 ≦ A ≦ LFL / X2 in other words as A.
　なお、第２範囲がＬＦＬ／Ｙ１～ＬＦＬ／Ｙ２であるとは、第２範囲をＢとして言い換えると、ＬＦＬ／Ｙ１＜Ｂ＜ＬＦＬ／Ｙ２であることを意味する。 Note that the fact that the second range is LFL / Y1 to LFL / Y2 means that LFL / Y1 <B <LFL / Y2, in other words, the second range is B.
　（５－３）
　第３観点の空調システム１００は、第１観点又は第２観点の空調システム１００であって、冷媒回路１０は、第１部分１１ａ、１１ｂ、１１ｃの一部である利用側冷媒流路１３ａ、１３ｂ、１３ｃと、第２部分１２の一部である熱源側冷媒流路１４と、利用側冷媒流路１３ａ、１３ｂ、１３ｃと熱源側冷媒流路１４とを接続する第１連絡流路２１及び第２連絡流路２２とを有する。遮断弁７０は、第１連絡流路２１に設けられる第１遮断弁７１ａ、７１ｂ、７１ｃと、第２連絡流路２２に設けられる第２遮断弁７２ａ、７２ｂ、７２ｃとを有する。第１連絡流路２１は、利用側冷媒流路１３ａ、１３ｂ、１３ｃと第１遮断弁７１ａ、７１ｂ、７１ｃとの間の利用側第１連絡流路２１ａａ、２１ａｂ、２１ａｃと、熱源側冷媒流路１４と第１遮断弁７１ａ、７１ｂ、７１ｃとの間の熱源側第１連絡流路２１ｂと、を有する。第２連絡流路２２は、利用側冷媒流路１３ａ、１３ｂ、１３ｃと第２遮断弁７２ａ、７２ｂ、７２ｃとの間の利用側第２連絡流路２２ａａ、２２ａｂ、２２ａｃと、熱源側冷媒流路１４と第２遮断弁７２ａ、７２ｂ、７２ｃとの間の熱源側第２連絡流路２２ｂと、を有する。第１遮断弁７１ａ、７１ｂ、７１ｃ及び第２遮断弁７２ａ、７２ｂ、７２ｃは、利用側冷媒流路１３ａ、１３ｂ、１３ｃの容積、利用側第１連絡流路２１ａａ、２１ａｂ、２１ａｃの容積、利用側第２連絡流路２２ａａ、２２ａｂ、２２ａｃの容積、空調対象空間の容積、に基づいて配置される。 (5-3)
The air conditioning system 100 of the third aspect is the air conditioning system 100 of the first aspect or the second aspect, and the refrigerant circuit 10 is a part of the first portions 11a, 11b, 11c. , 13c, the first communication flow path 21 and the first communication flow path 21 connecting the heat source side refrigerant flow path 14 which is a part of the second portion 12, and the utilization side refrigerant flow paths 13a, 13b, 13c and the heat source side refrigerant flow path 14. It has two connecting flow paths 22. The shutoff valve 70 has first shutoff valves 71a, 71b, 71c provided in the first communication flow path 21, and second shutoff valves 72a, 72b, 72c provided in the second communication flow path 22. The first communication flow path 21 includes the utilization side first communication flow paths 21aa, 21ab, 21ac between the utilization side refrigerant flow paths 13a, 13b, 13c and the first shutoff valves 71a, 71b, 71c, and the heat source side refrigerant flow. It has a first communication flow path 21b on the heat source side between the path 14 and the first shutoff valves 71a, 71b, 71c. The second communication flow path 22 includes the utilization side second communication flow paths 22aa, 22ab, 22ac between the utilization side refrigerant flow paths 13a, 13b, 13c and the second shutoff valves 72a, 72b, 72c, and the heat source side refrigerant flow. It has a second communication flow path 22b on the heat source side between the path 14 and the second shutoff valves 72a, 72b, 72c. The first shutoff valves 71a, 71b, 71c and the second shutoff valves 72a, 72b, 72c have the volumes of the refrigerant channels 13a, 13b, 13c on the utilization side, the volumes of the first communication channels 21aa, 21ab, 21ac on the utilization side, and the utilization. It is arranged based on the volume of the side second connecting flow path 22aa, 22ab, 22ac and the volume of the air-conditioned space.
　第３観点の空調システム１００は、利用側冷媒流路１３ａ、１３ｂ、１３ｃの容積、利用側第１連絡流路２１ａａ、２１ａｂ、２１ａｃの容積、利用側第２連絡流路２２ａａ、２２ａｂ、２２ａｃの容積、空調対象空間の容積、に基づいて第１遮断弁７１ａ、７１ｂ、７１ｃ及び第２遮断弁７２ａ、７２ｂ、７２ｃが配置される。これにより、空調対象空間の冷媒濃度がＬＦＬを超過することが抑制される。 The air conditioning system 100 of the third aspect has the volumes of the refrigerant channels 13a, 13b, 13c on the utilization side, the volumes of the first communication channels 21aa, 21ab, 21ac on the utilization side, and the volumes of the second communication channels 22aa, 22ab, 22ac on the utilization side. The first shutoff valves 71a, 71b, 71c and the second shutoff valves 72a, 72b, 72c are arranged based on the volume and the volume of the air-conditioned space. As a result, it is possible to prevent the refrigerant concentration in the air-conditioned space from exceeding LFL.
　（５－４）
　第４観点の空調システム１００は、第１観点の空調システム１００であって、冷媒の燃焼下限濃度をＬＦＬ［ｋｇ／ｍ３］としたときに、第１範囲は、ＬＦＬ／Ｘ１～ＬＦＬ／Ｘ２であり、第２範囲は、ＬＦＬ／Ｙ１～ＬＦＬ／Ｙ２である。ＬＦＬ／Ｙ１はＬＦＬ／Ｘ１よりも大きく、ＬＦＬ／Ｙ２はＬＦＬ／Ｘ２よりも大きい。 (5-4)
The air conditioning system 100 of the fourth aspect is the air conditioning system 100 of the first aspect, and when the lower limit combustion concentration of the refrigerant is LFL [kg / m 3 ], the first range is LFL / X1 to LFL / X2. The second range is LFL / Y1 to LFL / Y2. LFL / Y1 is larger than LFL / X1, and LFL / Y2 is larger than LFL / X2.
　第４観点の空調システム１００は、空調対象空間のＬＦＬよりも冷媒濃度が小さくなるように第１範囲及び第２範囲を設定する。これにより、空調対象空間の冷媒濃度がＬＦＬを超過することが抑制される。 The air conditioning system 100 of the fourth aspect sets the first range and the second range so that the refrigerant concentration is smaller than the LFL of the air conditioning target space. As a result, it is possible to prevent the refrigerant concentration in the air-conditioned space from exceeding LFL.
　なお、第１範囲がＬＦＬ／Ｘ１～ＬＦＬ／Ｘ２であるとは、第１範囲をＡとして言い換えると、ＬＦＬ／Ｘ１≦Ａ≦ＬＦＬ／Ｘ２であることを意味する。 Note that the first range being LFL / X1 to LFL / X2 means that the first range is LFL / X1 ≦ A ≦ LFL / X2 in other words as A.
　第２範囲がＬＦＬ／Ｙ１～ＬＦＬ／Ｙ２であるとは、第２範囲をＢとして言い換えると、ＬＦＬ／Ｙ１＜Ｂ＜ＬＦＬ／Ｙ２であることを意味する。 The fact that the second range is LFL / Y1 to LFL / Y2 means that the second range is B, in other words, LFL / Y1 <B <LFL / Y2.
　（６）変形例
　上記実施形態は、以下の変形例に示すように適宜変形が可能である。各変形例は、矛盾が生じない範囲で他の変形例と組み合わせて適用されてもよい。なお、上記の第１実施形態と同様の構成については同様の符号を付し、その詳細な説明は省略する。 (6) Modification Example The above embodiment can be appropriately modified as shown in the following modification examples. Each modification may be applied in combination with other modifications as long as there is no contradiction. The same components as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
　（６－１）変形例Ａ
　上記実施形態では、利用側ユニット３ａ、３ｂ、３ｃに対応するように、第１遮断弁７１ａ、７１ｂ、７１ｃ及び第２遮断弁７２ａ、７２ｂ、７２ｃが冷媒回路１０に配置される例について説明した。しかしながら、第１部分１１Ａに所定の温度と所定の圧力と所定の相状態とで存在する冷媒の全てが空調対象空間に漏洩したと仮定したときに、空調対象空間の冷媒濃度が第２範囲内となるような位置に配置されるのであれば、図４に示すように、複数の利用側ユニット３ａ、３ｂ、３ｃに対して、１台の第１遮断弁７１Ａ及び１台の第２遮断弁７２Ａがそれぞれ接続されてもよい。 (6-1) Modification A
In the above embodiment, an example in which the first shutoff valves 71a, 71b, 71c and the second shutoff valves 72a, 72b, 72c are arranged in the refrigerant circuit 10 so as to correspond to the user- side units 3a, 3b, and 3c has been described. .. However, assuming that all of the refrigerant existing in the first portion 11A at a predetermined temperature, a predetermined pressure, and a predetermined phase state leaks into the air-conditioned space, the refrigerant concentration in the air-conditioned space is within the second range. As shown in FIG. 4, one first shutoff valve 71A and one second shutoff valve are provided for the plurality of user- side units 3a, 3b, and 3c. 72A may be connected respectively.
　この場合、図４に示すように、第１部分１１Ａは、利用側冷媒流路１３ａ、利用側冷媒流路１３ｂ、利用側冷媒流路１３ｃ、利用側液冷媒管３７ａ、利用側液冷媒管３７ｂ、利用側液冷媒管３７ｃ、利用側第１連絡流路２１Ａ、利用側第２連絡流路２２Ａ、からなる。第１連絡流路２１は、利用側第１連絡流路２１Ａ及び熱源側第１連絡流路２１ｂを有する。第２連絡流路２２は、利用側第２連絡流路２２Ａ及び熱源側第２連絡流路２２ｂを有する。なお、第１遮断弁７１Ａ及び第２遮断弁７２Ａの構成については、第１遮断弁７１ａ、７１ｂ、７１ｃ及び第２遮断弁７２ａ、７２ｂ、７２ｃの構成と同様であるため、説明は省略する。 In this case, as shown in FIG. 4, the first portion 11A includes the utilization side refrigerant flow path 13a, the utilization side refrigerant flow path 13b, the utilization side refrigerant flow path 13c, the utilization side liquid refrigerant pipe 37a, and the utilization side liquid refrigerant pipe 37b. , The user-side liquid refrigerant pipe 37c, the user-side first communication flow path 21A, and the user-side second communication flow path 22A. The first connecting flow path 21 has a first connecting flow path 21A on the user side and a first connecting flow path 21b on the heat source side. The second connecting flow path 22 has a second connecting flow path 22A on the user side and a second connecting flow path 22b on the heat source side. The configurations of the first shutoff valve 71A and the second shutoff valve 72A are the same as the configurations of the first shutoff valves 71a, 71b, 71c and the second shutoff valves 72a, 72b, 72c, and thus the description thereof will be omitted.
　なお図４では、利用側制御部９３ａが第１遮断弁７１Ａ及び第２遮断弁７２Ａと接続されているが、これに限られるものではなく、利用側制御部９３ｂ又は利用側制御部９３ｃが第１遮断弁７１Ａ及び第２遮断弁７２Ａと接続されてもよい。 In FIG. 4, the user side control unit 93a is connected to the first shutoff valve 71A and the second shutoff valve 72A, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the user side control unit 93b or the user side control unit 93c is the first. It may be connected to 1 shutoff valve 71A and 2nd shutoff valve 72A.
　また、図４には利用側ユニット３ａ、３ｂ、３ｃが図示されているが、利用側ユニットの台数はこれに限定されるものではなく、３台以下でも、３台以上でもよい。 Although the user- side units 3a, 3b, and 3c are shown in FIG. 4, the number of user-side units is not limited to this, and may be 3 or less or 3 or more.
　（６－２）変形例Ｂ
　上記実施形態では、３台の利用側ユニット３ａ、３ｂ、３ｃに対して、第１遮断弁７１ａ、７１ｂ、７１ｃ及び第２遮断弁７２ａ、７２ｂ、７２ｃが配置される例について説明した。しかしながら、利用側ユニットの台数は３台に限定されるものではなく、第１遮断弁及び第２遮断弁の台数も３台に限定されるものではない。例えば、図５に示すように、１台の利用側ユニット３Ｓが、１台の第１遮断弁７１Ｓと１台の第２遮断弁７２Ｓとを介して、第１連絡流路２１及び第２連絡流路２２によって熱源側ユニット２と接続してもよい。 (6-2) Modification B
In the above embodiment, an example in which the first shutoff valves 71a, 71b, 71c and the second shutoff valves 72a, 72b, 72c are arranged with respect to the three utilization side units 3a, 3b, 3c has been described. However, the number of user-side units is not limited to three, and the number of first shutoff valves and second shutoff valves is not limited to three. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, one user-side unit 3S communicates with the first communication flow path 21 and the second communication flow path 21 via one first shutoff valve 71S and one second shutoff valve 72S. It may be connected to the heat source side unit 2 by the flow path 22.
　この場合、図５に示すように、第１部分１１Ｓは、利用側冷媒流路１３Ｓ、利用側液冷媒管３７Ｓ、利用側第１連絡流路２１Ｓ、利用側第２連絡流路２２Ｓ、からなる。第１連絡流路２１は、利用側第１連絡流路２１Ｓ及び熱源側第１連絡流路２１ｂを有する。第２連絡流路２２は、利用側第２連絡流路２２Ｓ及び熱源側第２連絡流路２２ｂを有する。 In this case, as shown in FIG. 5, the first portion 11S includes a utilization-side refrigerant flow path 13S, a utilization-side liquid refrigerant pipe 37S, a utilization-side first communication flow path 21S, and a utilization-side second communication flow path 22S. .. The first connecting flow path 21 has a first connecting flow path 21S on the user side and a first connecting flow path 21b on the heat source side. The second connecting flow path 22 has a second connecting flow path 22S on the user side and a second connecting flow path 22b on the heat source side.
　なお、利用側ユニット３Ｓの各種構成機器３０Ｓ、３４Ｓ、３６Ｓ、３７Ｓ、５０Ｓ、９２Ｓの構成は、利用側ユニット３ａ、３ｂ、３ｃの各種構成機器３０ａ、３０ｂ、３０ｃ、３４ａ、３４ｂ、３４ｃ、３６ａ、３６ｂ、３６ｃ、３７ａ、３７ｂ、３７ｃ、５０ａ、５０ｂ、５０ｃ、９２ａ、９２ｂ、９２ｃの構成と同様であるため、説明は省略する。また、利用側冷媒流路１３Ｓの構成は、利用側冷媒流路１３ａ、１３ｂ、１３ｃの構成と同様であるため、説明は省略する。 The configurations of the various constituent devices 30S, 34S, 36S, 37S, 50S, and 92S of the user-side unit 3S are as follows. , 36b, 36c, 37a, 37b, 37c, 50a, 50b, 50c, 92a, 92b, 92c, and thus the description thereof will be omitted. Further, since the configuration of the utilization side refrigerant flow path 13S is the same as the configuration of the utilization side refrigerant flow paths 13a, 13b, 13c, the description thereof will be omitted.
　（６－３）変形例Ｃ
　上記実施形態では、利用側制御部９３ａ、９３ｂ、９３ｃが、第１遮断弁７１ａ、７１ｂ、７１ｃ及び第２遮断弁７２ａ、７２ｂ、７２ｃを制御すると説明した。しかしながら、熱源側制御部９２が第１遮断弁７１ａ、７１ｂ、７１ｃ及び第２遮断弁７２ａ、７２ｂ、７２ｃを制御してもよい。 (6-3) Modification C
In the above embodiment, it has been described that the user side control units 93a, 93b, 93c control the first shutoff valves 71a, 71b, 71c and the second shutoff valves 72a, 72b, 72c. However, the heat source side control unit 92 may control the first shutoff valves 71a, 71b, 71c and the second shutoff valves 72a, 72b, 72c.
　（６－４）変形例Ｄ
　上記実施形態では、熱源側制御部９２と、利用側制御部９３ａ、９３ｂ、９３ｃとが、伝送線９０を介して接続されることによって制御部１９が構成されていると説明した。しかしながら、熱源側制御部９２又は利用側制御部９３ａ、９３ｂ、９３ｃが、空気調和装置１全体の運転制御を行ってもよい。例えば、熱源側制御部９２が、図示しない各種センサや、冷媒漏洩センサ５０ａ、５０ｂ、５０ｃの検出信号等に基づいて、空気調和装置１の各種構成機器１５、１７ａ、１７ｂ、２３、２４、２５、２６、３０ａ、３０ｂ、３０ｃ、３４ａ、３４ｂ、３４ｃ、３６ａ、３６ｂ、３６ｃ、７１ａ、７１ｂ、７１ｃ、７２ａ、７２ｂ、７２ｃの制御を行ってもよい。 (6-4) Modification D
In the above embodiment, it has been explained that the control unit 19 is configured by connecting the heat source side control unit 92 and the user side control units 93a, 93b, 93c via the transmission line 90. However, the heat source side control unit 92 or the user side control units 93a, 93b, 93c may control the operation of the entire air conditioner 1. For example, the heat source side control unit 92 makes various constituent devices 15, 17a, 17b, 23, 24, 25 of the air conditioner 1 based on various sensors (not shown), detection signals of the refrigerant leakage sensors 50a, 50b, 50c, and the like. , 26, 30a, 30b, 30c, 34a, 34b, 34c, 36a, 36b, 36c, 71a, 71b, 71c, 72a, 72b, 72c may be controlled.
　（６－５）変形例Ｅ
　上記実施形態では、第１遮断弁７１ａ、７１ｂ、７１ｃ及び第２遮断弁７２ａ、７２ｂ、７２ｃが、利用側ユニット３ａ、３ｂ、３ｃや熱源側ユニット２の外部に配置される例について説明した。しかしながら、図６に示すように、利用側ユニット３ａは、利用側ユニット３ａ、３ｂ、３ｃのケーシングの内部に配置するなどして、利用側ユニット３ａ、３ｂ、３ｃの内部に第１遮断弁７１ａ、７１ｂ、７１ｃ及び第２遮断弁７２ａ、７２ｂ、７２ｃを有していてもよい。これらのケーシング内部に配置される第１遮断弁７１ａ、７１ｂ、７１ｃ及び第２遮断弁７２ａ、７２ｂ、７２ｃは、限定するものではないが、例えば利用側制御部９３ａ、９３ｂ、９３ｃによって制御されてよい。 (6-5) Modification E
In the above embodiment, an example in which the first shutoff valves 71a, 71b, 71c and the second shutoff valves 72a, 72b, 72c are arranged outside the user side units 3a, 3b, 3c and the heat source side unit 2 has been described. However, as shown in FIG. 6, the user-side unit 3a is arranged inside the casing of the user- side units 3a, 3b, and 3c, and the first shutoff valve 71a is inside the user- side units 3a, 3b, and 3c. , 71b, 71c and second shutoff valves 72a, 72b, 72c. The first shutoff valves 71a, 71b, 71c and the second shutoff valves 72a, 72b, 72c arranged inside these casings are, but are not limited to, controlled by, for example, user- side control units 93a, 93b, 93c. Good.
　＜付記＞
　以上、本開示の実施形態を説明したが、特許請求の範囲に記載された本開示の趣旨及び範囲から逸脱することなく、形態や詳細の多様な変更が可能なことが理解されるであろう。 <Additional notes>
Although the embodiments of the present disclosure have been described above, it will be understood that various modifications of the forms and details are possible without departing from the purpose and scope of the present disclosure described in the claims. ..
　１０　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　冷媒回路
　１１ａ、１１ｂ、１１ｃ、１１Ａ、１１Ｓ　　　　第１部分
　１２　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　第２部分
　１３ａ、１３ｂ、１３ｃ、１３Ｓ　　　　　　　　利用側冷媒流路
　１４　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　熱源側冷媒流路
　２１　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　第１連絡流路
　２２　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　第２連絡流路
　２１ａａ、２１ａｂ、２１ａｃ、２１Ａ、２１Ｓ　利用側第１連絡流路
　２１ｂ　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　熱源側第１連絡流路
　２２ａａ、２２ａｂ、２２ａｃ、２１Ａ、２１Ｓ　利用側第２連絡流路
　２２ｂ　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　熱源側第２連絡流路
　３０ａ、３０ｂ、３０ｃ、３０Ｓ　　　　　　　　熱交換器
　５０ａ、５０ｂ、５０ｃ、５０Ｓ　　　　　　　　冷媒漏洩センサ
　７０　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　遮断弁（第１遮断弁、第２遮断弁）
　７１ａ、７１ｂ、７１ｃ、７１Ａ、７１Ｓ　　　　第１遮断弁
　７２ａ、７２ｂ、７２ｃ、７２Ａ、７２Ｓ　　　　第２遮断弁
　１００　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　空調システム 10 Refrigerant circuit 11a, 11b, 11c, 11A, 11S 1st part 12 2nd part 13a, 13b, 13c, 13S Utilization side refrigerant flow path 14 Heat source side refrigerant flow path 21 1st communication flow path 22 2nd communication flow path 21aa , 21ab, 21ac, 21A, 21S User side 1st communication flow path 21b Heat source side 1st communication flow path 22aa, 22ab, 22ac, 21A, 21S User side 2nd communication flow path 22b Heat source side 2nd communication flow path 30a, 30b , 30c, 30S Heat exchanger 50a, 50b, 50c, 50S Refrigerant leakage sensor 70 Shutoff valve (1st shutoff valve, 2nd shutoff valve)
71a, 71b, 71c, 71A, 71S 1st shutoff valve 72a, 72b, 72c, 72A, 72S 2nd shutoff valve 100 Air conditioning system
特開２０１９－４５１２９号公報JP-A-2019-45129

Claims (3)

  1. 　第１部分（１１ａ、１１ｂ、１１ｃ、１１Ａ、１１Ｓ）と第２部分（１２）とを有する冷媒回路（１０）と、
    　前記第１部分に設けられ、冷媒と空調対象空間の空気とを熱交換させることで前記空調対象空間の空気の冷却又は加熱を行う熱交換器（３０ａ、３０ｂ、３０ｃ、３０Ｓ）と、
    　前記冷媒回路に設けられ、前記第１部分と前記第２部分との連通を遮断する遮断弁（７０）と、
    　前記第１部分から漏洩した前記冷媒を検知する冷媒漏洩センサ（５０ａ、５０ｂ、５０ｃ、５０Ｓ）と、
    を備え、
    　前記冷媒漏洩センサは、冷媒濃度が第１範囲内にあることを検知し、
    　前記遮断弁は、前記第１部分に存在する前記冷媒が全て前記空調対象空間に漏洩したと仮定したときに、前記空調対象空間の冷媒濃度が、前記第１範囲よりも大きい範囲である第２範囲内となるように配置される、
    空調システム（１００）。     A refrigerant circuit (10) having a first portion (11a, 11b, 11c, 11A, 11S) and a second portion (12),
    Heat exchangers (30a, 30b, 30c, 30S) provided in the first portion for cooling or heating the air in the air-conditioned space by exchanging heat between the refrigerant and the air in the air-conditioned space.
    A shutoff valve (70) provided in the refrigerant circuit to shut off communication between the first portion and the second portion.
    Refrigerant leakage sensors (50a, 50b, 50c, 50S) that detect the refrigerant leaked from the first portion, and
    With
    The refrigerant leakage sensor detects that the refrigerant concentration is within the first range, and detects that the refrigerant concentration is within the first range.
    The shutoff valve has a second range in which the refrigerant concentration in the air-conditioned space is larger than the first range, assuming that all the refrigerant existing in the first portion leaks into the air-conditioned space. Arranged so that it is within the range,
    Air conditioning system (100).
  2. 　前記冷媒の燃焼下限濃度をＬＦＬ［ｋｇ／ｍ３］としたときに、
    　前記第１範囲は、ＬＦＬ／Ｘ１～ＬＦＬ／Ｘ２であり、
    　前記第２範囲は、ＬＦＬ／Ｙ１～ＬＦＬ／Ｙ２であり、
    　Ｘ１はＹ１よりも大きく、Ｘ２はＹ２よりも大きい、
    請求項１に記載の空調システム。     When the lower limit of combustion concentration of the refrigerant is LFL [kg / m 3 ],
    The first range is LFL / X1 to LFL / X2.
    The second range is LFL / Y1 to LFL / Y2.
    X1 is larger than Y1 and X2 is larger than Y2,
    The air conditioning system according to claim 1.
  3. 　前記冷媒回路は、前記第１部分の一部である利用側冷媒流路（１３ａ、１３ｂ、１３ｃ、１３Ｓ）と、前記第２部分の一部である熱源側冷媒流路（１４）と、前記利用側冷媒流路と前記熱源側冷媒流路とを接続する第１連絡流路（２１）及び第２連絡流路（２２）と、を有し、
    　前記遮断弁は、前記第１連絡流路に設けられる第１遮断弁（７１ａ、７１ｂ、７１ｃ、７１Ａ、７１Ｓ）と、前記第２連絡流路に設けられる第２遮断弁（７２ａ、７２ｂ、７２ｃ、７２Ａ、７２Ｓ）とを有し、
    　前記第１連絡流路は、前記利用側冷媒流路と前記第１遮断弁との間の利用側第１連絡流路（２１ａａ、２１ａｂ、２１ａｃ）と、前記熱源側冷媒流路と前記第１遮断弁との間の熱源側第１連絡流路（２１ｂ）と、を有し、
    　前記第２連絡流路は、前記利用側冷媒流路と前記第２遮断弁との間の利用側第２連絡流路（２２ａａ、２２ａｂ、２２ａｃ）と、前記熱源側冷媒流路と前記第２遮断弁との間の熱源側第２連絡流路（２２ｂ）と、を有し、
    　前記第１遮断弁及び前記第２遮断弁は、前記利用側冷媒流路の容積、前記利用側第１連絡流路の容積、前記利用側第２連絡流路の容積、前記空調対象空間の容積、に基づいて配置される、
    請求項１又は２に記載の空調システム。
          The refrigerant circuit includes a utilization-side refrigerant flow path (13a, 13b, 13c, 13S) that is a part of the first portion, a heat source-side refrigerant flow path (14) that is a part of the second portion, and the above. It has a first communication flow path (21) and a second communication flow path (22) that connect the utilization side refrigerant flow path and the heat source side refrigerant flow path.
    The shutoff valves are a first shutoff valve (71a, 71b, 71c, 71A, 71S) provided in the first communication flow path and a second shutoff valve (72a, 72b, 72c) provided in the second communication flow path. , 72A, 72S)
    The first communication flow path includes the first communication flow path (21aa, 21ab, 21ac) on the utilization side between the utilization side refrigerant flow path and the first shutoff valve, the heat source side refrigerant flow path, and the first communication flow path. It has a first communication flow path (21b) on the heat source side between the shutoff valve and
    The second communication flow path includes the second communication flow path (22aa, 22ab, 22ac) on the utilization side between the utilization side refrigerant flow path and the second shutoff valve, the heat source side refrigerant flow path, and the second communication flow path. It has a second communication flow path (22b) on the heat source side between the shutoff valve and the shutoff valve.
    The first shutoff valve and the second shutoff valve include the volume of the utilization side refrigerant flow path, the volume of the utilization side first communication flow path, the volume of the utilization side second communication flow path, and the volume of the air conditioning target space. Placed based on,
    The air conditioning system according to claim 1 or 2.
PCT/JP2020/043893 2019-11-29 2020-11-25 Air conditioning system WO2021106957A1 (en)

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US11953239B2 (en) 2018-08-29 2024-04-09 Waterfurnace International, Inc. Integrated demand water heating using a capacity modulated heat pump with desuperheater

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